Latin/Greek Language English Example

Stemless Gentian, Gentiana acaulis; Dwarf acaulis G ἄκαυλος Stemless Thistle, Cirsium acaule

American Crocodile, Crocodylus acutus; Angled Sharpened, acutus L Sunbeam (Butterfly), Curetis acuta; Northern pointed Pintailduck, Anas acuta

Of the field, Field Vole, Microtus agrestis; Green Field- agrestis L wild speedwell, Veronica agrestis albopictus L Painted white Hosta fortunei 'Albopicta', Aedes albopictus

American White Ibis, Eudocimus albus; White albus L White Oak, Quercus alba; Mistletoe, Viscum album

American Black Bear, Ursus americanus; americanus L American American Hazel Nut, Corylus americana

Of all kinds, amphi- G ἀμφί Amphipoda; Amphibian on all sides ampulla L Bottle, flask Northern Bottlenose Whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus

Man, human anthropos G ἄνθρωπος Paranthropus being apis L Bee Salvia apiana, white sage

Found near aquaticus L Eastern Mole, Scalopus aquaticus water

Tree-like or Artemisia arborescens; Aloe arborescens; Hydrangea arborescens L shrub-like arborescens archaeos, G ἀρχαῖος,

Ancient Archaeopteryx archaeo- ἀρχαιο-

Grizzly Bear, Ursus arctos horribilis; Common arctos G ἄρκτος Bear Bearberry, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi argentatus L Silvery Herring Gull, Larus argentatus

arthron G ἄρθρον Joint Arthropoda arvensis L In the field Skylark, Alauda arvensis astron, astro-, G ἄστρον, Star Starfish (class), Asteroidea astero- ἀστρο-, ἀστερο-

Acer palmatum 'Atropurpureum'; Berberis atropurpureum L Deep purple thunbergii f. atropurpurea

Daphne odora 'Aureomarginata'; Taxus aureomarginata L Gold edged baccata 'Fastigiata Aureomarginata'

Golden, gold Golden Jackal, Canis aureus; Staphylococcus aureus L coins aureus (bacteria) australis L Southern Southern Right Whale, Eubalaena australis B

Latin/Greek Language English Example baccatus L Berry-bearing Common Yew, Taxus baccata; Conus baccatus, a sea snail

Pleasant, Greek Windflower, Anemone blanda; Mallos blandus, a blandus L smooth, spider alluring borealis L Northern Northern Right Whale Dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis

Przewalski's Gerbil, Brachiones brachion G βραχίων Arm przewalskii; Brachiopoda (phylum); Brachiosaurus brachys, G βραχύς, Short Brazilian Gold Frog, Brachycephalus didactylus brachy- βραχυ- bradys, G βραδύς, Slow Pygmy Three-toed Sloth, Bradypus pygmaeus brady- βραδυ- Lamellibranchia (class, syn. Bivalva); Branchiopoda (class, branchia LG βράγχια Gills brine shrimps) brevis L Short Silvery-cheeked Hornbill, Ceratogymna brevis C

Latin/Greek Language English Example

Blind Mole, Talpa caeca; Northern Eyed caecus L Blind Hawkmoth, Smerinthus caecus

Blue Tit, Parus caeruleus; Blue Passion Flower, Passiflora caeruleus L Blue caerulea canadensis L From Canada Bighorn Sheep, Ovis canadensis

grey- or white- canescens L Geraea canescens (desert sunflower); Atriplex canescens haired canis L Dog Coyote, Canis latrans; Dipylidium caninum (a tapeworm)

Gray (haired), Grey-headed Woodpecker, Picus canus; Woolly canus L pale gray Groundsel, Senecio canus

Long-tailed Tit, Aegithalos caudatus; Thintail Skate, Dipturus cauda L Tail leptocaudus caulos G καυλός Stem, stalk Stemless Gentian, Gentiana acaulis cephale, Mediterranean Gull, Larus melanocephalus; Blue-Spotted G κεφαλή Head cephalo- Grouper, Cephalopholis argus ceps L Head Pygmy Sperm Whale, Kogia breviceps ceros G κέρας Horn Narwal, Monodon monoceros

cestus L Girdle, belt Cestoda chilensis L From Chile Paradise Tanager, Tangara chilensis chloros G χλωρός Green Common Moorhen, Gallinula chloropus chroma G χρῶμα Color Clown Loach, Chromobotia macracanthus cneme G κνήμη Shin, leg White-legged Damselfly, Platycnemis pennipes cola L Dweller Eurasian Woodcock, Scolopax rusticola corax G κόραξ Crow, raven Common Raven, Corvus corax coronatus L Crowned Crowned Lemur, Eulemur coronatus costatus L Ribbed Striped Raphael catfish, Platydoras costatus crass- L Thick Creeping Blueberry, Vaccinium crassifolium cristatus L Crested Aardwolf, Proteles cristatus

Saffron, Crocus sativus; Bicoloured White-toothed crocos G κρόκος Yellow Shrew, Crocidura leucodon cyanos G κυανός Blue-green Azure-winged Magpie, Cyanopica cyana D

Latin/Greek Language English Example dactylos G δάκτυλος Finger or toe Black-legged Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla deca G δέκα Ten Alfonsino, Beryx decadactylus

Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decem L Ten decemlineata

Yellow Staining Mushroom, Agaricus derma G δέρμα Skin xanthodermus di- G δι- Two Christmas Orchid, Dipodium punctatum

didelphis G δίδελφυς Double-wombed Didelphis virginiana dino-, G δεινός, δεινο- Terrible dinosaur, Deinotherium deino-

G διπλός, diplo- Double Two-eyed Orange Spider, Diploglena capensis διπλο- disc-, disk- G δίσκος Disc Common Fungus Moth, Metalectra discalis

Henderson's Shootingstar, Dodecatheon dodeca G δώδεκα Twelve hendersonii dolicho- G δόλιχος Elongated, long Knight Anole, Anolis dolichocephalus

From the house, domesticus L House Sparrow, Passer domesticus domestic dorsum L Back Back-striped Weasel, Mustela strigidorsa dulcis L Sweet Almond, Prunus dulcis E

Latin/Greek Language English Example eburneus, L Ivory-colored Ivory Gull, Pagophila eburnea eburni-

Edisto Crayfish, Procambarus echinatus; Shortleaf echinatus G ἐχῖνος Prickly, spiny Pine, Pinus echinata

Great Globe Thistle, Echinops sphaerocephalus; Diadema echinos, Hedgehog, sea- G ἐχῖνος Urchin, Echinothrix diadema; San Pedro Cactus, Echinopsis echino- urchin, spiny pachanoi

Oyster, Ostrea edulis; Common Cockle, Cerastoderma edulis L Edible edule, Passion Fruit, Passiflora edulis elatior L Taller True Oxlip, Primula elatior

1. Amber, Broad-billed Motmot, Electron platyrhynchum; electr- G ἤλεκτρον amber-colored; Electric Eel, Electrophorus electricus 2. Electric (modern usage) elegans L Elegant Crimson Rosella, Platycercus elegans

enanti G ἔναντι Opposite Enantiornithes

Scurvy-grass Sorrel, Oxalis enneaphylla; Banded ennea G ἐννέα Nine Sunfish Enneacanthus obesus ensatus L Sword-like California Giant Salamander, Dicamptodon ensatus

Jackknife Clam, Ensis minor; Swordleaf Rush, Juncus ensi-, ensis L Sword, lance ensifolius

Homo erectus ("upright man"); Upright Chickweed, Moenchia erectus L Upright erecta erion, erio- G ἔριον Wool, woolly Common Cottongrass, Eriophorum angustifolium

Indented, Jícama, Pachyrhizus erosus; Serrated Hinge-back erosus L jagged, serrated Tortoise, Kinixys erosa erythros, Spotted Redshank, Tringa erythropus; Dog's-tooth G ἐρυθρός Red[1] erythro- Violet, Erythronium dens-canis

Alchemilla erythropoda (dwarf lady's mantle); Crataegus erythropoda L red-stemmed erythropoda (a hawthorn) F

Latin/Greek Language English Example familiaris L Domestic, common Dog, Canis lupus familiaris

Black-footed Cat, Felis nigripes; Cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis L Cat felis

Golden yellow, light Yellow Pitcher Plant, Sarracenia flava; Yellow-necked flavus L yellow Mouse, Apodemus flavicollis flor- L Flower Southern Magnolia, Magnolia grandiflora; Great White Trillium, Trillium grandiflorum folium L Leaf American Beech, Fagus grandifolia

Pacific Golden Plover, Pluvialis fulva; Yellow Ground fulvus L Deep yellow, tawny Squirrel, Spermophilus fulvus

Sooty Tern, Sterna fuscata; Dusky Hopping Mouse, Notomys fuscus L Dark, dark brown fuscus G

Latin/Greek Language English Example gaster, gastro-, G γαστήρ Belly Common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster gastr- geo- G γαῖα, γῆ Earth Geography, Geology

Smooth; glabra L glaber Smooth Sumac, Rhus glabra; Omphiscola glabra (a snail) hairless[2] glycys G γλυκύς Sweet Soybean, Glycine max

Spring Salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus; gyrinos G γυρῖνος Tadpole e.g. Crassigyrinus, Proterogyrinus H

Latin/Greek Language English Example haema-, G αἷμα Blood Haemosporida; Bacteria sp., Haemophilus influenzae hema-

Of the sea, Grey Seal, Halichoerus grypus; Black Abalone, Haliotis hali-, halio- G ἅλς salt cracherodii haplo- G ἁπλόος Simple, single Mountain Beaver, Apoldontia rufa; Mongolosaurus haplodon hedra- G ἕδρα Seat, facet Chinese Ephedra, Ephedra sinica; (Polyhedron; Tetrahedron) heli-, helio- G ἥλιος Sun Sunflower, Helianthus annuus; Sun Spurge, Euphorbia helioscopia hexa- G ἕξα- Six Water Primrose, Ludwigia hexapetala

Seahorse, Hippocampus; Lesser Horseshoe Bat, Rhinolophus hippo- G ἵππος Horse hipposideros

Hairy Bittercress, Cardamine hirsuta; Hairy Fruit-eating hirsutus L Hairy Bat, Artibeus hirsutus

Modern human, Homo sapiens; Neanderthal, Homo homo L Human, man neanderthalensis

From the hortensis L Orphean Warbler, Sylvia hortensis garden

G ὕδωρ, hydro- Water Chinese Water Deer, Hydropotes inermis ὑδρο- hyper- G ὑπέρ Over, above St John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum

Under, Zebra Pleco catfish, Hypancistrus zebra; Common Cat's- hypo-, hyp- G ὑπό beneath ear, Hypochaeris radicata I

Latin/Greek Language English Example indicus L Indian Malaysian Tapir, Tapirus indicus K

Latin/Greek Language English Example

kestos (see Latin cestus) G κεστός Girdle, literally "stitched" Cestoda L

Latin/Greek Language English Example

milk-white lactiflora L Paeonia lactiflora; Artemisia lactiflora flowered lateralis L Side Black-flanked Rock-wallaby, Petrogale lateralis latus L Flank Horse-eye jack, Caranx latus

a scale, rind, lepis G λεπίς Liza macrolepis Large-scale mullet husk, flake lepton G λεπτόν Light Leptictidium auderiense, Leptospira kirschneri lepus L Hare Black-tailed Jackrabbit, Lepus californicus leucos G λευκός White White-winged Tern, Chlidonias leucopterus lineatus L Lined or striped Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Yellow, saffron- Yellow mariposa lily, Calochortus luteus; Yellow Vetch, Vicia luteus L colored lutea; Red-billed Leiothrix, Leiothrix lutea M

Latin/Greek Language English Example macro G μακρός Long, Large Big-headed Mole Rat, Tachyoryctes macrocephalus maculatus L Spotted Spotted Sandpiper, Actitis macularius major L Greater Great Tit, Parus major malabaricus L From Malabar Chestnut-tailed Starling, Sturnus malabaricus mauro- G μαῦρος, μαυρο- Dark, Black Dark Shrew, Crocidura maurisca maximus L Largest Royal Tern, Sterna maxima megas G μέγας Large, great Megalodon shark, Carcharodon megalodon mephitis L Bad odor Striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis melano- G μελανός, μελανο- Black Black-browed Albatross, Thalassarche melanophris micro G μικρόν small Littleleaf Pussytoes, Antennaria microphylla microphylla L small-leaved Salvia microphylla; Buxus microphylla; Azara microphylla minimus L Smallest Least Flycatcher, Empidonax minimus minor L Smaller Great Frigatebird, Fregata minor mono- G μονός, μονο- Single Swinhoe's Storm-petrel, Oceanodroma monorhis montanus L Mountains Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus morpho- G μορφή Shape Menelaus Blue Morpho, Morpho menelaus mys G μῦς Mouse As rodent, e.g. Phoberomys, Telicomys. N

Latin/Greek Language English Example nanos G νάνος Dwarf Brown-capped Woodpecker, Dendrocopos nanus nona L Ninth Honey Fungus Armillaria nabsnona

Bluefin Notho Killifish, Nothobranchius nothos G νόθος False, wrong rachovii; New Zealand Red Beech, Nothofagus fusca notos G νότος Southern Fawn Hopping Mouse, Notomys cervinus

From New Holland novaehollandiae L Emu, Dromaius novaehollandiae (Australia) novaeseelandiae L From New Zealand Southern Boobook Ninox novaeseelandiae

From New York noveboracensis L Northern Waterthrush, Seiurus noveboracensis (Novum Eboracum)

Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novem L Nine novemcinctus; Nine-spotted lady beetle, Coccinella novemnotata O

Latin/Greek Language English Example obscurus L Dark Dusky Dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus occidentalis L Western Eastern Arborvitae, Thuja occidentalis

ocean G ὠκεανός Ocean Posidonia oceanica octo-, octa- G ὀκτω-, ὀκτα- Eight Common Octopus, Octopus vulgaris

-odon, - G ὀδών, ὀδούς Tooth Dimetrodon, Rhizodus odus

Oesophagostomum, Oesophagostomum oeso- G οἰσέμεν, οἰσ- Carry bifurcum officinalis L For the workshop; medicinal Rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis

Jack O'Lantern mushroom, Omphalotus oleum L Oil olearius ophis G Serpent Carphophis vermis Western wormsnake

ops G ὤψ Face Triceratops

Face, appearance, opsis G ὄψις Carolina Parakeet, Conuropsis carolinensis resemblance orientalis L Eastern Oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis

G ὀρθός, ortho- Straight Orthoptera ὀρθο- P

Latin/Greek Language English Example

G παχύς, pachy- Thick, stout Pachycephalosaurus παχυ- Mugger Crocodile, Crocodylus palustris; Caltha palustris L Of the marsh palustris, marsh marigold

G πᾶν, pan- panto- genitive All Pancratium (a flower) παντός parvus L Small Mountain Pygmy Possum, Burramys parvus pedi- L pes, pedis Foot Showy Lady Slipper, Cypripedium reginae pelag- G πέλαγος Open sea Pelagic Cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus

Feather penn- L penna Great Auk, Pinguinus impennis (specifically remex) pennatus L Feathered Booted Eagle, Aquila pennata penta- G πέντα- Five Five-Fingered Skink, Chalcides pentadactylus

Rock Daisy, Erigeron petrophilus; Roberts's Flat- petra G πέτρα Rock, stone headed Bat, Sauromys petrophilus phago G φάγο eat Scatophagus tetracanthus African scat (fish) pholis, L Scale Green-Spotted Grouper, Cephalopholis argus pholid- phyllo- G φύλλον Leaf Garden Lupin, Lupinus polyphyllus physi- G φύσις Nature Symphysia ("naturally joined") (a plant)[3] phyto- G φυτόν Plant Astrophytum, Astrophytum myriostigma (a cactus) pictus L painted Pimelodus pictus, a catfish: Abutilon pictum, a shrub

G πλατύς, platy- Flat and broad Flathead Trout, Salmo platycephalus πλατυ- poly- G πολύς, Many Common Knotgrass, Polygonum aviculare; Polymer πολυ-

Chimonanthus praecox (wintersweet); Melanotaenia praecox L early praecox (neon rainbow); Dementia praecox (premature dementia) pratensis L To the meadow Meadow Foxtail, Alopecurus pratensis

protos G πρῶτος First Protozoa pseudes G ψευδής False or fake Pastel flower, Pseuderanthemum variabile pter- G πτερόν Wing or remix White-winged Tern, Chlidonias leucopterus

pubescens L Downy Downy Oak, Quercus pubescens pulchellus L Pretty little[4] Green Pygmy Goose, Nettapus pulchellus

Spotted, marked with Thirteen-spotted Lady Beetle, Hippodamia punctatus L punctures tredecimpunctata Q

Latin/Greek Language English Example quadriflora L Four-flower Festuca quadriflora, Lysimachia quadriflora quadifolia L Four-leaved Lysimachia quadrifolia R

Latin/Greek Language English Example

Curved upwards, Peruvian Apple Cactus, Cereus repandus; Hedgehog repandus L turned up Mushroom, Hydnum repandum

1. Creeping, crawling (rēpens); Creeping Buttercup, Ranunculus repens; White repens L 2. Unexpected Clover, Trifolium repens (rĕpens) reptans L Creeping, crawling Potentilla reptans (creeping cinquefoil); Ajuga reptans (bugle); Reptilia

G ῥις, rhis, rhino- Nose Orange Leaf-nosed Bat, Rhinonicteris aurantia ῥινο-

Bushy Seedbox, Ludwigia rhiza G ῥίζα Root helminthorrhiza; Rhizobium (nitogen-fixing soil bacteria) rhynchos G ῥύγχος Beak or snout Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos

Shaggy Moss, Rhytidiadelphus rhyti-, rhytis G ῥυτίς Wrinkled, folded triquetrus; Rhytidodon (syn. Rutiodon) rostra L Beak, bill, snout Common Crossbill, Loxia curvirostra rostralis L With a beak Buttoned Snout moth, Hypena rostralis

Red Valerian, Centranthus ruber; Summer Tanager, Piranga ruber L Red rubra; Red Maple, Acer rubrum rufus L Reddish, red Red Wolf, Canis rufus S

Latin/Greek Language English Example sanguis L Blood Bloodroot, Sanguinaria canadensis

recent subspecies of humans: Homo sapiens sapiens ("very sapiens L Wise wise man") sativus L Sown, cultivated Pea, Pisum sativum saura, -saur G σαύρα Lizard Lancetfish, Alepisaurus; Maiasaura (dinosaur) septem- L seven Seven-spot Ladybird, Coccinella septempunctata silvestris L Of the wood; wild Wild Cat, Felis silvestris sinensis L From China Tea, Camellia sinensis Queen's Crape-myrtle, Lagerstroemia speciosa; Japanese specios- L showy Lily, Lilium speciosum sperma G σπέρμα Seed African daisies, Osteospermum sphen- G σφήν Wedge Tuatara, Sphenodon punctatus stoma G στόμα Mouth, opening Stomate, Gnathostomata striatus L Striped Striated Heron, Butorides striatus

straight, narrow, strictus L Oxalis stricta; Babiana stricta; Nardus stricta erect

Crocodile suchos G σοῦχος Eusuchia, Koolasuchus (from Egyptian) T

Latin/Greek Language English Example tardus, Great Bustard, Otis tarda; Chisos Mountains L Slow, late tardi- Oak, Quercus tardifolia tele-, tel- G τηλε- Far, distant New South Wales Waratah, Telopea speciosissima

Slender Rush, Juncus tenuis; Plealeaf tenuis L Thin, slender, fine Knotweed, Polygonum tenue tetra- G τετρα- Four Four-leaved Allseed, Polycarpon tetraphyllum; Tetrapoda tinctorius L For dyeing Woad, Isatis tinctoria tomentosus L Furry Fuzzy mock orange, Philadelphus tomentosus tres, tris, tri- L G τρία Three Black-legged Kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla

G θρίξ, trich-, thrix Hair Cloud ear fungus, Auricularia polytricha τριχ- triquetrus L Triangular, three- Three-cornered Garlic, Allium triquetrum cornered

chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes); wren (Troglodytes troglodytes L cave-dweller troglodytes)

[edit]U

Latin/Greek Language English Example

unus L One Monotropa uniflora ura G οὐρά Of the tail Mourning Dove, Zenaida macroura V

Latin/Greek Language English Example variabilis L Variable Grey Bunting, Emberiza variabilis

Variegated Laughingthrush, Garrulax variegatus L Variegated variegatus; Croton, Codiaeum variegatum velox, velocis L Swift Swift Fox, Vulpes velox; Velociraptor

Ventral, of the Hispaniolan Parrot, Amazona ventralis; Southern Dwarf ventralis L belly Chameleon, Bradypodion ventrale vernus, Spring Gentian, Gentiana verna; Spring Pheasant's Eye, Adonis L Spring vernalis vernalis

Javan Warty Pig, Sus verrucosus; Reef Stonefish, Synanceia verrucosus L Rough skinned verrucosa

Varied Honeyeater, Lichenostomus versicolor; Vietnam Mouse- versicolor L Many-colored deer, Tragulus versicolor verus L True, genuine True Aloe, Aloe vera; Lady's Bedstraw, Galium verum villosus L Hairy, shaggy Hairy Woodpecker, Picoides villosus; Hairy Vetch, Vicia villosa viridis L Green Green Alder, Alnus viridis; Frog Orchid, Coeloglossum viride virosus L Poisonous Poisonous Lettuce, Lactuca virosa; Cowbane, Cicuta virosa volans L Flying Southern Flying Squirrel, Glaucomys volans

Common Octopus, Octopus vulgaris; Common vulgaris L Common Privet, Ligustrum vulgare W, X, Y, Z

Latin/Greek Language English Example xanthos G ξανθός Yellow Yellow Staining Mushroom, Agaricus xanthodermus

zygos G ζυγός Joined Zygoptera