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Hdn2018s1 Final Salzburger Entomologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Haus der Natur Leitung Dr. Patrick Gros Mag. Hans Christof Zeller-Lukashort ISSN 2074-0247 Newsletter Sonderausgabe 2018 Liebe Mitglieder! Freunde der entomologischen Arbeitsgemein- schaft! Es freut uns, Ihnen den neuen Newsletter ausgabe im Rahmen dieses Newsletters der entomologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft erscheinen zu lassen. präsentieren zu dürfen. Die Autoren Hel- Wir wünschen viel Spaß beim Kennenler- mut Wittmann, Inge Illich und Günther nen der Heuschrecken-Fauna Kretas! Un- Nowotny, Mitglieder der Arbeitsgemein- sere bisherigen Newsletter finden Sie auf schaften am Haus der Natur, berichten unserer Hompepage über ihre Heuschrecken-Beobachtungen auf der griechischen Insel Kreta. https://www.hausdernatur.at/de/entomologie.html Da dieser Artikel so umfangreich ist, ha- Ihr Christof Zeller ben wir uns entschlossen, ihn als Sonder- Orthopteren-Beobachtungen auf der Insel Kreta (Griechenland) Helmut Wittmann, Inge Illich und Günther Nowotny Keywords: Greece, Crete, faunistic record, grasshopper, Orthoptera, Dolichopoda, Arachnocephalus, Trigonidium, Pyrgomorpha, Orchamus, Calliptamus , Anacridium, Acrida, Truxalis, Oedipoda, Sphingonotus, Acrotylus, Aiolopus, Chorthippus. cicindeloides, Pyrgomorpha conica, Zusammenfassung Orchamus raulinii, Calliptamus barbarus, Im Rahmen von zwei Exkursionen (April Anacridium aegyptium, Acrida ungarica, und August 2017) auf die Insel Kreta Truxalis nasuta, Oedipoda caerulescens, wurden Vorkommen von mehreren Sphingonotus caerulans, Acrotylus Heuschrecken-Arten durch Aufsammeln insubricus, Acrotylus longipes, Acrotylus von Belegexemplaren und dem gleich- patruelis, Aiolopus strepens, Chorthippus zeitigen Anfertigen von Detailfotos bornhalmi und Chorthippus biroi . Die in dokumentiert. Nachweise folgender Arten der Literatur üblicherweise angegebenen werden mit genauen Fundortangaben Differentialmerkmale der einzelnen Arten inklusive der geographischen Koordinaten werden anhand der Aufsammlungen ana- angeführt: Dolichopoda paraskevi, lysiert, mit entsprechendem Fotomaterial Arachnocephalus vestitus, Trigonidium dargestellt und im Hinblick auf ihre Varia- Newsletter (Salzburger Entomologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft) Seite 1 tion und Aussagekraft diskutiert. Insbeson- logical analyses performed on the speci- dere für die Gattungen Calliptamus, mens from these three genera in the Sphingonotus und Acrotylus sind die context of this study are compared with Merkmalsangaben sowohl in allgemeinen previously documented differential Bestimmungsbüchern als auch in der characteristics, discussed and visualized by Spezialliteratur kritisch zu hinterfragen. comparative illustration. The evidence for Die im Rahmen dieser Studie Orchamus raulinii and Dolichopoda durchgeführten morphologischen Analysen paraskevi , which on the island of Crete are der Aufsammlungen aus diesen drei very rare and endemic species, deserves Gattungen werden den bisher bekannten special mention. Differenzierungsmerkmalen gegenüber- gestellt, diskutiert und durch vergleichende Einleitung Illustrationen veranschaulicht. Die Nach- weise von Orchamus raulinii und Die Erforschung der mitteleuropäischen Dolichopoda paraskevi , bei denen es sich Heuschreckenfauna hat in den letzten 20 um auf der Insel Kreta endemische und Jahren eine außerordentliche Konjunktur generell sehr seltene Arten handelt, sind erlebt. Aus den meisten Ländern ‒ ja sogar besonders hervorzuheben. aus vielen Teilregionen ‒ liegen detaillierte Verbreitungsatlanten der Heuschrecken- Summary fauna vor (DETZEL , 1998; ILLICH et al., 2010; LANDMANN & ZUNA -KRATKY , 2016; In the course of two excursions (April and SCHLUMPRECHT & WAEBER , 2003; August 2017) to the island of Crete, the WRANIK et al., 2008; ZUNA -KRATKY et al., occurrence of several grasshopper-species 2009, 2017; u. a.). Ergänzend dazu wurden was documented by collecting specimens Bestimmungsschlüssel mit hohem Detail- and taking detailed photos simultaneously. lierungsgrad veröffentlicht (z.B. BAUR et Evidence for the following species is al., 2006; CORAY & THORENS , 2001; provided with information on their exact FISCHER et al., 2016), sodass Bestimmun- location including geographical gen mit Ausnahme schwieriger Verwandt- coordinates: Dolichopoda paraskevi, schaftskreise im Regelfall auch für Nicht- Arachnocephalus vestitus, Trigonidium Fachleute gut durchführbar sind. Darüber cicindeloides, Pyrgomorpha conica, hinaus existieren Handy-Apps (z. B. die Orchamus raulinii, Calliptamus barbarus, Orthoptera-App von Orthoptera.ch), die Anacridium aegyptium, Acrida ungarica, Fotos, Detailmerkmale sowie die Gesänge Truxalis nasuta, Oedipoda caerulescens, der mitteleuropäischen Heuschrecken auch Sphingonotus caerulans, Acrotylus im Gelände jederzeit verfügbar machen. In insubricus, Acrotylus longipes, Acrotylus mehreren der oben genannten Heuschrec- patruelis, Aiolopus strepens, Chorthippus ken-Verbreitungsatlanten sind Rote Listen bornhalmi and Chorthippus biroi . On the enthalten, die eine sehr detaillierte Aus- basis of the specimens collected the kunft über die Gefährdungssituation der differential characteristics of the individual Heuschrecken-Fauna in den jeweiligen species as given in the literature are Ländern geben. analysed, presented with appropriate Im Gegensatz dazu hat der Erfassungsgrad photographic material and discussed with der Heuschreckenfauna des Mittelmeer- regard to their variation and significance. gebiets noch nicht diesen hohen Standard In particular for the genera Calliptamus , erreicht. Von MASSA et al. (2012) wurde Sphingonotus and Acrotylus the allerdings eine sehr detaillierte und reich characteristics appearing both in general bebilderte Heuschreckenfauna Italiens field guides and in the special literature veröffentlicht, die mit ihren englisch- merit critical discussion. The morpho- sprachigen Bestimmungsschlüsseln und Newsletter (Salzburger Entomologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft) Seite 2 teilweise auch englischen Textpassagen die tationen waren Anlass, uns im Rahmen der „italienische Sprachbarriere“ recht gut Bestimmungsarbeiten eingehender mit der überwinden lässt. Auch für Frankreich, mediterranen Orthopteren-Fauna zu befas- Belgien und Luxemburg liegt eine Fauna sen. Bei den meisten Arten ergab die (SARDET et al., 2015) vor, die den Bestimmung mit der einschlägigen französischen Mediterranraum gut abdeckt. Literatur rasch gut abgesicherte Ergeb- Für Griechenland publizierten WILLEMSE nisse, bei anderen kam es bei der Zuord- & WILLEMSE (2008) eine Checklist, in der nung nach den in der Literatur verfügbaren Fauna Graeciae der Orthopteren Merkmalen zu erheblichen Determina- (WILLEMSE , 1985) sind auch Schlüssel für tionsschwierigkeiten – dies trotz qualitativ die griechischen Heuschreckenarten ent- entsprechendem Belegmaterial und trotz halten. Generell ist zu betonen, dass die der ergänzenden Dokumentation der enorme Artenfülle der Orthopteren-Fauna einzelnen Arten durch zahlreiche Detail- im Mittelmeerraum erschwerend hinzu- fotos am lebenden Objekt. Da diese Be- kommt. Allerdings erschien in jüngerer schäftigung mit der Heuschreckenfauna Zeit eine Reihe von Spezialpublikationen, Kretas letztlich eine Reihe von gut die Teilaspekte der griechischen Heu- abgesicherten und belegten Fundmel- schreckenfauna vertiefend behandeln (vgl. dungen erbrachte, erachten wir es als z. B. ALEXIOU , 2017; ALEXIOU et al., sinnvoll, diese Daten als Beitrag zur 2017a, b). Orthopteren-Fauna des Mediterranraumes Wie schwierig oft die Bestimmung der zu veröffentlichen, wenngleich die Fund- Orthopteren-Arten in der Mediterraneis ist, daten überwiegend häufige und weit zeigen die diversen Internet-Foren recht verbreitete Taxa enthalten. deutlich. Während Belegfotos aus Mittel- europa im Regelfall von den diversen Material und Methoden Spezialisten exakt bestimmt werden, bleibt Wenn nicht anders erwähnt, sind sämtliche es bei Heuschrecken aus dem Mittelmeer- der genannten Fundmeldungen durch gebiet oftmals bei Vermutungen. Dies Belegmaterial in der orthopterologischen betrifft nicht nur seltene, sondern auch Sammlung des Hauses der Natur Salzburg weit verbreitete und durchaus häufige dokumentiert. Die im Gelände gefangenen Arten. Tiere wurden in Alkohol eingelegt oder Im April 2017 unternahm die Salzburger tiefgekühlt, nach der Rückkehr aus Kreta Botanische Arbeitsgemeinschaft wurden Trockenpräparate angefertigt. (SABOT AG) eine Exkursion auf die Insel Zusätzlich erfolgte eine meist recht Kreta, die sich neben dem floristischen umfangreiche fotografische Dokumen- Schwerpunkt auch mit anderen Organis- tation der Tiere in ihren Lebensräumen mengruppen und so auch mit den Ortho- sowie – nach Fang – eine überblicks- pteren befasste. Die Exkursionsziele lagen mäßige Fotodokumentation der Detail- im zentralen und östlichen Teil der Insel merkmale. Kreta. Einer der Teilnehmer (WH) hatte im Die Lage der jeweiligen Fundorte (vgl. Sommer 2017 nochmals die Möglichkeit, Karte 1) wurde mittels GPS-Gerät be- die Insel zu besuchen, und auch hier wurde stimmt und anschliessend die Richtigkeit neben umfangreichen botanischen Studien der Koordinaten mittels Google Earth der Heuschrecken-Fauna entsprechendes überprüft. Es ist bei allen Fundorten von Augenmerk geschenkt. Im Rahmen dieser einer maximalen Unschärfe von 100 m Reise lag der Schwerpunkt auf dem zen- auszugehen. tralen Inselteil westlich von Heraklion. Die im Zuge dieser beiden Exkursionen getä- Sofern nicht anders vermerkt, stammen die tigten Aufsammlungen und Fotodokumen- Fotos vom Erstautor. Newsletter (Salzburger
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