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The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ Al-Yaʿqūbī Volume 1

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The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ Al-Yaʿqūbī Volume 1 The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī Volume 1 Islamic History and Civilization studies and texts Editorial Board Hinrich Biesterfeldt Sebastian Günther Honorary Editor Wadad Kadi volume 152/1 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ihc The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī An English Translation volume 1 Edited by Matthew S. Gordon Chase F. Robinson Everett K. Rowson Michael Fishbein leiden | boston Cover illustration: Tulunid gold dinar, Egypt, 266/879-880. The David Collection (Copenhagen), No. C 119. Photo by Pernille Klemp. The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available online at http://catalog.loc.gov Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 0929-2403 isbn 978-90-04-35619-1 (hardback, vol. 1) isbn 978-90-04-35620-7 (hardback, vol. 2) isbn 978-90-04-35621-4 (hardback, vol. 3) isbn 978-90-04-36414-1 (e-book, vol. 1) isbn 978-90-04-36415-8 (e-book, vol. 2) isbn 978-90-04-36416-5 (e-book, vol. 3) Copyright 2018 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill nv provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, ma 01923, usa. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. Contents volume 1 Acknowledgements vii List of Contributors ix Introduction 1 Matthew S. Gordon Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī: A Biographical Sketch 9 Sean Anthony and Matthew S. Gordon Manuscripts, Printed Editions, and Translations of al-Yaʿqūbī’s Works 23 Everett K. Rowson The Book of the Adaptation of Men to Their Time and Their Dominant Characteristics in Every Age (Mushākalat al-nās li-zamānihim wa-mā yaglibu ʿalayhim fī kull ʿaṣr) 29 The Geography (Kitāb al-Buldān) 61 Fragments 201 a Fragments from the Lost Part of the Geography 203 b Fragments from Other Works 208 c New Fragments 218 d Passages Attributed to al-Yaʿqūbī in Ibn al-Dāya, Kitāb al-Mukāfaʾa wa-Ḥusn al-ʿUqbā 225 General Bibliography 235 volume 2 The History (Taʾrīkh) Adam to Pre-Islamic Arabia 259 vi contents volume 3 The History (Taʾrīkh) The Rise of Islam to the Reign of al-Muʿtamid 595 Indices 1295 Acknowledgements We extend our deepest appreciation to Dr. Lawrence Conrad for his friendship, scholarly example, and leadership in the project through its first years. We would be badly remiss in not acknowledging his vital contribution, not only in helping to launch the project but, again, in guiding it through its first stages. The original contributors included Drs. Camilla Adang and Lutz Richter- Bernberg, and we would thank both of them for their initial participation. Dr. Andrew Marsham—now a Reader in Classical Arabic Studies at the University of Cambridge—participated, as a doctoral candidate at the Oriental Institute, in our meetings at the University of Oxford. Our thanks go to him for keeping invaluable minutes of the meetings and in contributing to their organization. Dr. Hans Hinrich Biesterfeldt provided expert advice regarding the section on the Greeks in the History. Many colleagues, the majority in the fields of Arabic, Islamic, and Middle Eastern studies, responded over many years to numerous queries on H-Mideast-Medieval, via email, and in person. We are grateful to one and all and regret only that we cannot acknowledge each of these persons individually. The editorial team wishes also to express deepest appreciation to the Nation- al Endowment for the Humanities for its support of this project. Our conviction is that this project reflects precisely the neh’s contribution to the intellectual and cultural life of the United States and, indeed, the global community, and at a moment in history when communication across cultural, religious and regional divisions is so pressingly important. We also extend lasting thanks to Maurits van den Boogert, Pieter te Velde, and the staff of Brill Publishing, for their invaluable role in this project. Our thanks go also to Alan Hartley for meticulously proofreading the text, and to Jacqueline Pitchford for preparing the index. Finally, to the contributors who remained with the project to its comple- tion—Drs. Leila Asser, Paul Cobb, Elton Daniel, Fred Donner, Sidney Griffith, and Wadad Kadi—here, finally, are your contributions in print. Our apprecia- tion to each of you can only fall short of what is due. The Editors If I might add a personal note, I am, first of all, deeply grateful to my three co-editors, Drs. Robinson, Rowson, and Fishbein. Each in turn contributed immeasurably to the completion of this project. Dr. Robinson, to whom I viii acknowledgements turned early on for support and ideas, has provided these on a consistent basis over the many years. He not only contributed one section of the translation of the Taʾrīkh but also served as a wise and generous host to our meetings at the Oriental Institute at the University of Oxford. Dr. Rowson has been a constant source of guidance, both on the editorial front and in grappling with myriad questions of Arabic translation. He also played a critical part in handling the trickiest section of the Taʾrīkh, Ibn Wāḍiḥ’s account of the transmission of Greek-language material. And, without the participation of Dr. Fishbein, I very much doubt the project would have reached a successful conclusion. At several late and critical points in the project, he took on the translation of sections of the Taʾrīkh as well as the Mushākala. I also very much appreciate his part in translating the short but valuable anecdotes, attributed to Ibn Wāḍiḥ, from Ibn al-Dāya’s Mukāfaʾa. His skills as editor, translator, and scholar of early Islamic history and letters inform every page of this project. Lasting thanks as well to my colleagues in the Department of History at Miami University. I am especially grateful to Drs. Allen Winkler, Charlotte Goldy,Carla Pestana andWietse de Boer—each of whom served in turn as chair of the department over the past two decades—and their patient backing for my work on this project. Dr. Andrew Cayton, who probably heard more about the project than he deserved, will forever be missed by us all. Finally, the members of my family—Susan, Jeremiah and Katharine—will no doubt share my relief and astonishment that the project is finally complete. To Susan there is no expression of gratitude appropriate enough for these many years of encouragement, companionship, and love. Matthew S. Gordon List of Contributors The Geography (Kitāb al-Buldān) (Pagination Based on Leiden Edition of 1892) Contributor Topics/Regions 232–308 Elton Daniel Baghdad, Samarra, Iran and the East, governors of Khurāsān. 308–373 Paul M. Cobb Iraq, Arabia, Syria, Egypt, North Africa, and al-Andalus Fragments Paul M. Cobb, Matthew S. Gordon, Michael Fishbein The Book of the Adaptation of Men to Their Time and Their Dominant Characteristics in Every Age (Mushākalat al-nās li-zamānihim wa-mā yaglibu ʿalayhim fī kull ʿaṣr) Michael Fishbein The History (Taʾrīkh) Contributor Historical period/topics volume i (ed. Leiden) (pagination based on the Houtsma [Leiden] edition) 2–89 Sidney H. Griffith Adam, Old Testament Prophets, Israelites, Jesus, Ancient Near Eastern Kings. x list of contributors (cont.) Contributor Historical period/topics 90–106 Michael Fishbein Kings of India. 106–204 Lutz Richter- The Greeks, Greek and Roman Kings. Bernburg, Everett K. Rowson, Michael Fishbein 204–246 Lawrence I. Conrad Kings of China, Egypt, North Africa, Ethiopia and Yemenite Kings of al-Ḥīra. 246–315 Lawrence I. Conrad, Kinda War to the pre-Islamic Arabs. Michael Fishbein volume ii (ed. Leiden) 2–98 Michael Fishbein Introduction, the Prophet Muḥammad (to his son Ibrāhīm). 98–186 Fred Donner The Prophet Muḥammad (cont.) and the Caliphs Abū Bakr and ʿUmar. 186–303 Wadad Kadi The Caliphs ʿUthmān and ʿAlī, and the (al-Qāḍī) Umayyad Caliphate to Muʿāwiya ii. 303–403 Chase F. Robinson The Marwānid (Umayyad) Caliphs to Ibrāhīm ibn al-Walīd. 403 Matthew S. Gordon, Ibrāhīm ibn al-Walīd Michael Fishbein 404–524 Layla Asser, Matthew Marwān ii (Umayyad Caliphate) to Hārūn S. Gordon al-Rashīd (ʿAbbāsid Caliphate) 524–625 Matthew S. Gordon Al-Amīn to al-Muʿtamid (ʿAbbāsid Caliphate). Introduction: The Yaʿqūbī Translation Project Matthew S. Gordon Given the early date of the works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī (fl. late third/ninth century) and their remarkable historiographic value, the decision to translate them came easily.1 The execution of the project, however, has been over two decades in the making. It is with relief, gratitude, and a bit of wonder that we bring it to fruition. The Yaʿqūbī Translation Project began as correspondence in 1994 with Law- rence (Larry) Conrad, then at the Wellcome Institute in London. To my inno- cent proposal to translate al-Yaʿqūbī’s Taʾrīkh (History), Dr. Conrad gently re- sponded that even a seasoned Arabist would find it a daunting task. We soon decided to invite a small group of colleagues to take part in a collaborative project to translate all that survived of al-Yaʿqūbī’s oeuvre. This includes not only the Taʾrīkh, but also his work of geography, the Kitāb al-Buldān (The Book of Countries), a short political essay, the Mushākalat al-nās li-zamānihim (The Book of Adaptation of Men to Their Time), and a set of short fragments scattered across various later medieval Arabic-language works.
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