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(Acari: Ixodidae) from Ovis Orientalis Arkal (Mammalia: Bovidae) in Northeastern Iran

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(Acari: Ixodidae) from Ovis Orientalis Arkal (Mammalia: Bovidae) in Northeastern Iran ISSN: 2476-6909; ECOPERSIA. 2020;8(3):163-168 New Record and Description of Dermacentor marginatus (Acari: Ixodidae) from Ovis orientalis arkal (Mammalia: Bovidae) in Northeastern Iran A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T Ovis orientalis Ovis Article Type orientalis arkal Original Research Mouflon ( , Linnaeus, 1758) is a mammal with four subspecies in Iran. is one of the subspecies that is distributed in east and northeast of Iran. This subspecies, like other Iranian mammals’ species, is vulnerable in International Union for Authors 1 MSc, Conservation of Nature (IUCN). If necessary, actions are not considered for the protection of 1 MSc, this species, it faces extinction in Iran. The study and identification of mammals’ ticks are vital VaezniaJafari B. P.2 MSc, since ticks are one of the most important factors that can transmit many dangerous diseases Shakeri Moghaddam3 PhD, H. ticksto animals. of Ovis They orientalis transmit arkal viral, unicellular and rickettsia factors which may cause encephalitis, Kayvanfar N. *4 PhD tularaemia, paralysis, and poisoning in animals and human as well. In the present study, hard Hosseinzadeh M.S. in Tandooreh and Hezar Masjed Mountains wereOvis orientalissurveyed duringarkals’ carcasses.the period After2014-2015. maintaining ticks in vials consisting glycerine 5% and alcohol 75%, they were In the present study, 175 ticks have been separated from eight heads of How to cite this article Dermacentortransferred to marginatus the laboratory and identification was done. Based on the results, hard ticks were recorded. They include Dermacentor, Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma, Haemaphysalis, and Jafari B., Shakeri Moghaddam H, (Sulzer, 1776) which have been reported for the first time in this anfar N. Keywords Dermacentor marginatus; Infection; Ixodidae; Mammals; Ovis orientalis onVaeznia of Dermacentor P, Hosseinzadeh marginatus M.S, Kayv- study. ri: Ixodidae)New from Record Ovis and orientalis Descripti- ar- kal (Aca- (Mammalia: Bovidae) in Northe- astern Iran. ECOPERSIA. 2020;8- (3):163-168 . C I T A T I O N L I N K S [1] Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of livestock and their seasonal activities, northwest of ... [2] Ticks and control ... [3] Diagnostic medical … [4] Dermacentor ticks (Acari: Ixodoidae: Ixodidae) of the new ... [5] [6] [7] ... [8] Laboratory identification of arthropod[9] ...Rickettsia Primary slovaca report from on distribution Dermacentor of tick fauna in ... The Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae (Acari: Ixodida) of the world: 1 [10] [11] Current status of tick fauna in north of … [12] Animal babesiosis: An emerging Mashhad,Biology Department, Iran Science Facul- marginatus ... Replication of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus in ticks ... 2 zoonosis also in ... [13] [14] ty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Comparison of virulence of Coxiella burnetii isolates … Center, Mashhad, Iran der zecken dermacentor ... [15] 3Ferdowsi Technologies Incubator [16] Fauna of the … Zum vorkommen und zur vektoriellen[17] The bedeutung ecological Tick reservoirs[18] for piroplasms in central and northern ... IranBiology Department, Science Fac- Tick infestations on sheep and goats in the Black Sea region of … ulty,4 University of Birjand, Birjand, [19] niche of Dermacentor[20] marginatus in ... Ticks feeding [21]on humans: A review[22] of records on had,Institute Iran of Applied Zoology, Fer- human-biting Ixodoidea[23] ... Range expansion of Ixodes [24]ricinus to higher altitude, and dowsi University of Mashhad, Mash- Ovisco-infestation orientalis of ... …[25] Wild sheep and goats and their ... Wild sheep[26] of ... Evolution of wild sheep in ... The mountain[27] ungulates of Ladakh … The status of Ladakh urial Status and conservation of large mammals in ... The behaviour of *Correspondence Ixodidae) ... [28] [29] Address ...ungulates [30] and its relation to ... Morphological study on Dermacentor marginatus (Acari: A world checklist [31] of genera, subgenera, and … Central-European ticks[32] Iran. Postal: Ferdowsi code: 9177948974 University of Mortality patterns in nondomestic hoofstock (Ovis orientalis laristanica, Capra Mashhad, Azadi Square, Mashhad, Zoo and wild animal ... [33] [34] Phone: +98 (51) 38806928 aegagrus, Capra ibex nubiana) ... Lehrbuch der Parasitologie für die Tiermedizin … Fax: +98 (51) 38806929 [35] [36] Asiatic mouflon and measures necessary for its …[37] A Biodiversity, genetic diversity, and protected[38] ... South Asian mammals, their diversity, [email protected] distribution and ... Population status, biology and ecology of the Maral, Cervus … Article History Ixodidae) in Zabol ... [39] [40] survey on fauna of ticks in west [41] ... Species diversity and distribution of ticks (Acari:[42] Survey on cattle ticks in Nur, north of ... Occurrence of soft and Received: June 3, 2018 hard ticks on ruminants in … A study of tick fauna in Tandoureh National Park ... Accepted: January 18, 2020 Geographical distribution of Dermacentor marginatus and Dermacentor ... Copyright©ePublished: September2019, TMU 20,Press. 2020 This open-access article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License which permits Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) under the Attribution-NonCommercial terms. New Record and Description of Dermacentor marginatus … 164 Introduction has usually been reported from domestic Ticks, the most important obligate blood‐ mammals especially sheep in Germany, Turkey, sucking ectoparasites especially in ruminants, and Italy (Figure 1) [14‐16]. They are also found in are very important in the fields of medicine and other domestic hosts such as dogs, cattle, goats, hygiene. Not only do these ectoparasites hurt and horses. Ticks have also been reported from domestic livestock and wildlife with their wild animals including deer, hare, hedgehog, feeding, but they also could cause severe wolf, and wild boar [9, 17]. However, the juvenile damages. Ticks could cause severe diseases. tick often feeds on small mammals like rodents Moreover, these parasites can transmit various and insectivores of the genera Myodes, pathogens including bacteria, helminths, Apodemus, Microtus, and rabbits [17‐19]. protozoa, viruses, and fungi to humans and Wild sheep, Ovis orientalis, is a member of the animals [1‐3]. In fact, ticks are considered to be the order Artiodactyla, family Bovidae and most important vectors of zoonoses, so‐called subfamily Caprinae and is listed as vulnerable tick‐borne diseases such as Lyme disease, Rocky (VU) by IUCN. Ovis orientalis has eight Mountain spotted fever, tick‐borne subspecies and according to the latest records of meningoencephalitis, babesiosis and Crimean‐ IUCN, they are distributed in Afghanistan, Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) [4, 5]. Recently, northwestern India (Kashmir), northeastern, 702 species of ticks are recognized from 14 southern, and southeastern Iran, southwestern genera of the family Ixodidae and are important Kazakhstan, Oman (where it is possibly in transmitting diseases [6, 7]. introduced), Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, 14 species of Hyalomma, 11 species of Armenia, southern Azerbaijan, northern Iraq, Haemaphysalis, 8 species of Ixidious, 5 species of western Iran, Uzbekistan, and south‐central, Rhipicephalus, one species of Boophilus, and 3 eastern Turkey. The subspecies are distributed species of Dermacentor from Ixodidae have been as follows (Figure 2): reported from domestic mammals in Iran [8]. 1‐ Ovis orientalis isphahanica: It occurs only in Dermacentor consists of 34 species, which have southwestern Esfahan in east‐central Iran. a cosmopolitan distribution with native species 2‐ Ovis orientalis laristanica: It inhabits southern on all continents except Australia. Hosts of and southeastern Iran. Dermacentor ticks include large and small 3‐ Ovis orientalis arkal: It is the resident of mammals such as horses, deer, cattle, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and lagomorphs, peccaries, porcupines, tapirs, northeast Iran including Golestan, Gorkhod, desert bighorn sheep, and humans [4]. Serany, and Tandooreh national parks. Dermacentor ticks are the vectors of many 4‐ Ovis orientalis bocharensis: It is found in pathogens including Rickettsia rickettsii, which Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan and causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever and the southwestern part of the Pamir [20, 21]. Coxiella burnetii causing Q fever. Moreover, 5‐ Ovis orientalis cycloceros: It was observed in other pathogens such as Anaplasma marginale, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, Francisella tularensis, Babesia caballi, and throughout the Hindu Kush and the mountains Flavivirus which cause anaplasmosis in cattle, of central Afghanistan, extending from the Zebak tularemia, equine piroplasmosis, and Powassan mountains in the north to the Seyah Koh range in the southwest. encephalitis, respectively, are transmitted through Dermacentor ticks. These ticks produce 6‐ Ovis orientalis gmelinii: It is the resident of the a neurotoxin that causes tick paralysis [4]. mountain foothills and rolling steppe of Furthermore, Dermacentor marginatus, northwestern and southwestern Iran, northern European ornate sheep tick, is a common vector and northeastern Iraq, Trans Caucasus, of Ricketsiia slovaca, the causative agent of tick‐ southwestern Azerbaijan [22]. borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) in southern 7‐ Ovis orientalis vignei: This subspecies occurs Europe [9]. D. marginatus may also play a role as only in India,
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