DOCSLIB.ORG

The Royal Society of Edinburgh Women and the Stars Professor

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Royal Society of Edinburgh Women and the Stars Professor The Royal Society of Edinburgh Women and the Stars Professor Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell PRSE; Professor Monica Grady; Dr Claire Brock; and Dr Mhairi Stewart Saturday 13 June 2015, Berwickshire High School, Duns Report by Kate Kennedy Great Discoveries Quietly Made Dr Mhairi Stewart, University of St Andrews This talk told the stories of some of the renowned Scottish female scientists, the discoveries they made and the difficulties they faced; showing how they changed the world and how the world has changed for women in science. The century from 1850 to 1950, coinciding with the rise of the Women’s Rights movements, was a period of dramatic societal change for women in Scotland. By 1889, the introduction of the Universities Act Scotland meant women could graduate from Scottish universities on an equal footing to men. Indeed, the first female graduates received their degrees in 1893, only a year after being admitted to university. Many women had already completed their studies, but had only legally been allowed to graduate at this point. It is historically reported that the first women to graduate in Medicine, from the University of Glasgow, was Marion Gilchrist in 1894. However, this honour actually belongs to ‘James’ Barry, born Margaret Bulkley, a niece of the famous artist James Barry. Dr Barry lived her entire life as a man, in order to study and practice medicine worldwide, and her true gender was not revealed until 150 years after her death. She was the first army surgeon to perform a successful Caesarean section, defined as one where both mother and child survived. Whilst there are many excellent examples and stories relating to Scottish women in science, for this talk, Dr Stewart focused on six women involved in science during these changing times. Williamina Fleming, a Scottish astronomer born in Dundee in 1857, is especially noted for her discovery of the Horsehead Nebula, a huge interstellar dust cloud in the constellation of Orion. Fleming left school aged fourteen, subsequently becoming a pupil teacher. Deserted by her accountant husband in the United States, she became a maid in the household of Professor Edward Pickering. Pickering famously declared that his maid could do a better job than his male assistants at Harvard Observatory and hired her as a clerical assistant. During this employment, Fleming devised and implemented a system of cataloguing stars according to how much hydrogen could be observed in their spectra. During her lifetime she catalogued over 10,000 stars and discovered the Horsehead Nebula and hundreds of other stars. Bessie Bowhill and Elizabeth Bertram were nurses from the Scottish Borders. Bessie trained as a nurse at Edinburgh Royal Infirmary and in 1900 enlisted in the Boer War, whereupon she was stationed in South Africa, returning to Scotland following the War. At the outbreak of World War One, Bessie and Elizabeth volunteered to work with Dr Elsie Inglis’ Scottish Women’s Hospital (SWH) and were posted to Serbia. Inglis, a doctor and suffragist, had founded the SWH through her own funds and those of the Women’s Suffrage Movement, and was intent on changing women’s place in society by providing female-staffed relief hospitals for the Allied war effort; showing that women could do such jobs. On approaching 1 the Royal Army Medical Corps with her offer, Inglis was told to “go home and sit still”. Needless to say, she did not take this advice. Indeed, the French, Belgian and Serbian governments accepted her offer and she established several units, including one in Serbia. During their time in Serbia, Inglis, Bowhill and Bertram were faced with a raging Typhus epidemic that killed thousands, and advancing forces necessitated regularly moving their entire field hospital and extremely harsh living conditions. Their work and ordeals during the First World War doubtless inspired subsequent generations of women and, indeed, was reported locally in the Borders, in their own words, upon their return. Isabella Gordon, born in Keith in 1901, studied marine biology at Aberdeen University, and later became an expert specialising in crabs and sea spiders. Whilst she was working at Yale University, William Calman, Keeper of Zoology at London’s Natural History Museum, offered her a position of Assistant Keeper with responsibility for Crustacea. Thus, Isabella Gordon returned to the UK and became the first female permanent member of staff at the Museum. During her time at the Museum, Gordon published and reviewed many articles and books. In 1961, she was invited to Japan to meet Emperor Hirohito, himself a keen marine biologist, on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday. Gordon was known to have a good sense of humour and was a fan of limericks. In 1958, she published a review entitled A thermophilous shrimp from Tunisia, inspiring a colleague to send her a limerick; A thermophilous shrimp from Tunisia Said: when it gets cold I get busier I dig a hole And fill it with coal And there’s nowhere as warm as it is ‘ere To which she replied; The idea’s ok but Aplysia Is the rhyme I should choose for Tunysia A purist and Scot I simply could not Pronounce it to rhyme with ‘it is ‘ier-r-r!! Dr Marion Gray of Ayr (1902–1979) was a Scottish mathematician known for discovering a graph commonly known as the Gray Graph. The Gray Graph is the smallest possible semi- symmetrical graph achievable with 54 vertices and three edges existing in each vertex. Gray considered this to be a theoretical discovery without practical application and did not publish her findings. However, over three decades later, the Gray Graph has since become crucial to graph theory and network development. Dorothy Buchanan (1899–1985) hailed from Langholm in Dumfriesshire and became the first female member of the Institute of Civil Engineers, successfully passing the examination in 1927. Indeed, on entering the exam room, Buchanan was dismayed to find another women there, only to be relieved to establish that this was her chaperone rather than a contender for the position of ‘first female’! Buchanan worked as part of the design team for the Sydney Harbour Bridge, the Tyne Bridge in Newcastle and London’s Lambeth Bridge, before marrying and retiring from engineering. Dr Stewart concluded that, in considering these stories of inspirational Scottish women scientists, it is evident that times have changed dramatically, and in some ways these women certainly paved the way and created a legacy for future generations. However, the story isn’t over; society still has a long way to go, as many talented females continue to leave academia and industry. 2 Mary Somerville’s Celestial Mechanics; or How to Reach the Stars Dr Claire Brock, University of Leicester Mary Somerville (1780–1872) is a complex figure in the history of science. This talk assessed how she attained the position she did, through an exploration of her ambitious childhood programme of study, and how reaching for the stars brought Mary Somerville a unique position in British society. During an 1882 Royal Institution Christmas Lecture, John Tyndall, employing an optical phenomenon commonly known to the Victorians as Pepper’s Ghost, conjured up the image of Mary Somerville between the busts of two indisputable greats of natural philosophy, Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon. Dr Brock commented that Tyndall’s choice of projection was provocative. “Firstly, Mary Somerville was a woman. By placing a female, however ghostly, between Newton and Bacon, Tyndall would have done enough to raise the hackles of many who believed women had no place in a line of stellar intellects. Secondly, without any formal education or significant scientific achievement to her name, how could Somerville be considered worthy enough to form a line with two of the outstanding contributors to mankind’s understanding of the world”? Somerville has been described in many ways; as a female populariser of science; a difficult to categorise author; and a brilliant surveyor, interpreter and high-level communicator of contemporary science. Unusually, Somerville voiced her perceptions of her own place in the scientific community in her Memoirs, concluding that her substance was questionable. “In the climax of my great success, the approbation of some of the first scientific men of the age and of the public in general I was highly gratified, but much less elated than might have been expected, for although I had recorded in a clear point of view some of the most refined and difficult analytical processes and astronomical discoveries, I was conscious that I had never made a discovery myself, that I had no originality. I have perseverance and intelligence but no genius. That spark from heaven is not granted to the sex, we are of the earth, earthy, whether higher powers may be allotted to us in another state of existence, God knows, original genius in science at least is hopeless in this”. Dr Brock described Somerville as “caught between two worlds”. Whilst her work was popular in the mid 19th Century, her writing was too difficult for the general reader and too close to synthesis for the scientific community. The philosopher John Stuart Mill explained Somerville’s despondency, considering that women lacked originality precisely because they had never been educated sufficiently enough to think “great and luminous new ideas”. Somerville was born in Jedburgh in 1780. She received little in the way of useful academic education at school and enjoyed the great outdoors, attending parties and keeping up with the latest fashions. However, she also developed an interest in mathematics, often entering problem-solving competitions found in the magazines of the day. Thirsty for more knowledge, Somerville also immersed herself in her father’s books on navigation and read Euclid, which she worked her way through painstakingly with “courage and assiduity”.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Memorials of the Browns of Fordell, Finmount and Vicarsgrange
    wtmx a m 11 Jinmamt, mb MwTftfytanQL Sra National Library of Scotland *B000069914* / THE BROWISTS OF FORDELL. : o o y MEMORIALS OF THE BROWNS OF FORDELL FINMOUNT AND VICARSGRANGE BY ROBERT RIDDLE STODART AUTHOR OF "SCOTTISH ARMS," ETC. V EDINBURGH ~ Privately Printed by T.& A. Constable, Printers to Her Majesty at the University Press MDCCCLXXXVII Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from National Library of Scotland http://www.archive.org/details/memorialsofbrownOOstod . y^u *c ' ?+s ^^f ./ - > Co m? Iftingffolft THE DESCENDANTS OF MR. JOHN BRODNE, MINISTER OF THE GOSPEL AT ABERCORN, 1700-1743, AND CHAPLAIN TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE JEAN, LADY TORPHICHEN, C^ege Genealogical ittemoriaw, THE COMPILATION OF WHICH HAS BEEN A LABOUR OF LOVE EXTENDING OVER MANY YEARS, &re fcetitcateti tig E. R. STODAET. CONTENTS. BROWN OF FORDELL, Etc., Arms, .... 1 Origin, .... 1 o I. William, . o II: Adam, of Carchrony, III. Adam, in Ayrshire, 2 IV. Sir John, Sheriff of Aberdeen, 2 V. John, of Midmar, . 4 VI. John, ,, 5 VII. George, „ 8 VIII. George, Bishop of Dunkekl, 9 VIII. (2) Richard, first of Fordell, 14 IX. Robert, of Fordell, 15 X. John, of Fordell, . 16 . XI. John, younger of Fordell, . 21 XII. John, of Fordell, . 24 XIII. Sir John, of Fordell and Rossie, 26 XIV. John, of Fordell and Rossie, 44 XIV. (2) Antonia, of Fordell and Rossie 44 Vlll CONTENTS. PAGE BROWN OF FINMOUNT, Etc., . \ . 49 of . XI. David, Finmount, . .49 David, of Vicarsgrange, ...... 49 David, „ . .50 50' John, „ . XII. Eobert, of Finmount, ...... 54 XIII. Captain David, of Finmount, ..... 55 XIII.
    [Show full text]
  • Mary Somerville's Vision of Science
    Mary Somerville’s vision of science James Secord Citation: Physics Today 71, 1, 46 (2018); doi: 10.1063/PT.3.3817 View online: https://doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.3817 View Table of Contents: https://physicstoday.scitation.org/toc/pto/71/1 Published by the American Institute of Physics ARTICLES YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN Earth’s skin is an interdisciplinary laboratory Physics Today 71, 22 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.3813 Crystal growth in ice and snow Physics Today 71, 34 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.3844 Commentary: Thinking differently about science and religion Physics Today 71, 10 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.3831 Gender matters Physics Today 71, 40 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.3870 Discovering Earth’s radiation belts Physics Today 70, 46 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.3791 The relentless pursuit of hypersonic flight Physics Today 70, 30 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1063/PT.3.3762 MARY SOMERVILLE (1780–1872), mathematician and writer. Portait by Thomas Phillips (1834). James Secord is a professor of the history and philosophy of science at the University of Cambridge in the UK. This article is adapted from his book, Visions of Science: Books and Readers at the Dawn of the Victorian Age (2014). Mary Somerville’s vision of science James Secord The Scottish mathematician and writer shaped the way we think about science and carved a place for herself in the intellectual world of the 19th century. n 1834 mathematician and author Mary Somerville published On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences, a work that was instrumental in the making of modern physics as a discipline.
    [Show full text]
  • Family Experiments Middle-Class, Professional Families in Australia and New Zealand C
    Family Experiments Middle-class, professional families in Australia and New Zealand c. 1880–1920 Family Experiments Middle-class, professional families in Australia and New Zealand c. 1880–1920 SHELLEY RICHARDSON Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Creator: Richardson, Shelley, author. Title: Family experiments : middle-class, professional families in Australia and New Zealand c 1880–1920 / Shelley Richardson. ISBN: 9781760460587 (paperback) 9781760460594 (ebook) Series: ANU lives series in biography. Subjects: Middle class families--Australia--Biography. Middle class families--New Zealand--Biography. Immigrant families--Australia--Biography. Immigrant families--New Zealand--Biography. Dewey Number: 306.85092 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. The ANU.Lives Series in Biography is an initiative of the National Centre of Biography at The Australian National University, ncb.anu.edu.au. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Photograph adapted from: flic.kr/p/fkMKbm by Blue Mountains Local Studies. This edition © 2016 ANU Press Contents List of Illustrations . vii List of Abbreviations . ix Acknowledgements . xi Introduction . 1 Section One: Departures 1 . The Family and Mid-Victorian Idealism . 39 2 . The Family and Mid-Victorian Realities . 67 Section Two: Arrival and Establishment 3 . The Academic Evangelists . 93 4 . The Lawyers . 143 Section Three: Marriage and Aspirations: Colonial Families 5 .
    [Show full text]
  • Mary Shepherd and the Causal Relation
    Mary Shepherd and the Causal Relation The 3rd Earl of Rosebery with his family outside of Barnbougle Castle. Painted by Alexander Nasmyth in 1788. Mary Primrose is second from the right. Jennifer McRobert © 2002 Jennifer McRobert (revised February 2014) Author’s note: This manuscript was written a dozen years ago and then set aside. In February 2014, the text was lightly edited to eliminate some typos and to improve readability. There is no new research here, but the material may be of use to historians and others interested in early modern women philosophers. Contents Preface 5 Part One 7 1 God and the King: The Primrose Ancestry 8 2 A Childhood in Dalmeny 18 3 Hume and the Limits of Moderation 32 4 London, Marriage and Society 44 5 Causality and the Revolutionary Lens 54 Bibliography 66 Preface Lady Mary Shepherd (1777-1847) was born Mary Primrose, on 31 December 1777. The daughter of an Earl, she grew up on an estate near Edinburgh during the Scottish Enlightenment. Mary Shepherd's life and work were shaped in important ways by the philosophical and political controversies that arose in connection with David Hume and his philosophy. In particular, she was strongly motivated to refute the `erroneous notions’ of cause and effect advanced by Hume and his followers, which she viewed as leading to scepticism and atheism: When she undertook a public refutation of these erroneous notions of cause and effect, it must be remembered it was at a time when they were most rampant and widely spread over the northern parts of Britain in particular.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Bibliography: Women in Physics, Astronomy, and Related Disciplines
    Annotated Bibliography: Women in Physics, Astronomy, and Related Disciplines Abir Am, Pnina and Dorinda Outram, eds. Uneasy Careers and Intimate Lives: Women in Science, 1787-1979. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1987. Abir Am and Outram’s volume includes a collection of essays about women in science that highlight the intersection of personal and professional spheres. All of the articles argue that the careers of women scientists are influenced by their family lives and that their family lives are impacted because of their scientific careers. This text is significant in two ways: first, it is one of the earliest examples of scholarship that moves beyond the recovering women in science, but placing them in the context of their home and work environments. Second, it suggests that historians of science can no longer ignore the private lives of their historical subjects. This volume contains four articles relating to women in physics and astronomy: Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie’s “Marital Collaboration: An Approach to Science” (pages 104-125), Sally Gregory Kohlstedt’s “Maria Mitchell and the Advancement of Women in Science” (pages 129-146), Helena M. Pycior’s “Marie Curie’s ‘Anti-Natural Path’: Time Only for Science and Family” (pages 191-215), and Peggy Kidwell’s “Cecelia Payne-Gaposchkin: Astronomy in the Family” (pages 216-238). As a unit, the articles would constitute and interesting lesson on personal and professional influences. Individually, the articles could be incorporated into lessons on a single scientist, offering a new perspective on their activities at work and at home. It complements Pycior, Slack, and Abir Am’s Creative Couples in the Sciences and Lykknes, Opitz, and Van Tiggelen’s For Better of For Worse: Collaborative Couples in the Sciences, which also look at the intersection of the personal and professional.
    [Show full text]
  • Women in Astronomy: an Introductory Resource Guide
    Women in Astronomy: An Introductory Resource Guide by Andrew Fraknoi (Fromm Institute, University of San Francisco) [April 2019] © copyright 2019 by Andrew Fraknoi. All rights reserved. For permission to use, or to suggest additional materials, please contact the author at e-mail: fraknoi {at} fhda {dot} edu This guide to non-technical English-language materials is not meant to be a comprehensive or scholarly introduction to the complex topic of the role of women in astronomy. It is simply a resource for educators and students who wish to begin exploring the challenges and triumphs of women of the past and present. It’s also an opportunity to get to know the lives and work of some of the key women who have overcome prejudice and exclusion to make significant contributions to our field. We only include a representative selection of living women astronomers about whom non-technical material at the level of beginning astronomy students is easily available. Lack of inclusion in this introductory list is not meant to suggest any less importance. We also don’t include Wikipedia articles, although those are sometimes a good place for students to begin. Suggestions for additional non-technical listings are most welcome. Vera Rubin Annie Cannon & Henrietta Leavitt Maria Mitchell Cecilia Payne ______________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents: 1. Written Resources on the History of Women in Astronomy 2. Written Resources on Issues Women Face 3. Web Resources on the History of Women in Astronomy 4. Web Resources on Issues Women Face 5. Material on Some Specific Women Astronomers of the Past: Annie Cannon Margaret Huggins Nancy Roman Agnes Clerke Henrietta Leavitt Vera Rubin Williamina Fleming Antonia Maury Charlotte Moore Sitterly Caroline Herschel Maria Mitchell Mary Somerville Dorrit Hoffleit Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin Beatrice Tinsley Helen Sawyer Hogg Dorothea Klumpke Roberts 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Atlanta Symphony Orchestra
    KENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MUSIC 2017-18 Signature Series ATLANTA SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA Sponsored in part by Friday, October 13, 2017 at 8 pm Dr. Bobbie Bailey & Family Performance Center, Morgan Hall Twenty-fifth Concert of the 2017-18 Concert Season program ATLANTA SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA Robert Spano Conductor Dejan Lazić Piano MICHAEL GANDOLFI (b. 1956) A Garden Feeds also the Soul (2017) The Bone Garden (…of death and rebirth…) The Scottish Worthies World Premiere, Commissioned by Paul and Linnea Bert for the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra DEJAN LAZIĆ (b. 1977) Concerto in Istrian Style, for Piano and Orchestra, opus 18 (2014) I. Overture II. Intermezzo III. Cadenza ad libitum IV. Canon and Rondo on Istrian Folk Tunes V. Finale Dejan Lazić, piano Intermission SERGEI RACHMANINOV (1873-1943) Symphony No. 3 in A minor, opus 44 (1936) I. Lento; Allegro moderato II. Adagio ma non troppo III. Allegro program notes Notes on the Program by Ken Meltzer A Garden Feeds also the Soul (2017) ichael Gandolfi was born in Melrose, Massachusetts, on July 5, 1956. MThese are the world premiere performances. Michael Gandolfi describes the inspiration for his orchestral work, The Garden of Cosmic Speculation (2007): The Garden of Cosmic Speculation, a thirty-acre private garden in the Borders area of Scotland created by architect and architectural critic Charles Jencks, is a joining of terrestrial nature with fundamental concepts of modern physics (quantum mechanics, super-string theory, complexity theory, etc.)…I have long been interested in modern physics and it seemed proper for music to participate in this magnificent joining of physics and architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • Kabila, Laurent-Desiré (1939–2001). Congolese Politician. a Guerilla and Bandit for 30 Years, His Forces Overthrew *Mobutu In
    1912 and 1917, he had a relationship with Felice Bauer (1887–1960). They were twice engaged but never married. (He wrote her 500 letters but they only met 17 times.) Kafka had the smallest output of any K major writer, three short novels (all unfinished), one novella, 23 short stories, diaries and five collections of Kabila, Laurent-Desiré (1939–2001). Congolese letters, almost all published posthumously. He lived politician. A guerilla and bandit for 30 years, his forces briefly with two unhappily married women. overthrew *Mobutu in July 1997 and he became The novella Metamorphosis (Die Verwandlung), President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo published in 1915, is famous for the image of the (formerly Zaire). Assassinated in January 2001 by his central character Gregor Samsa waking to find bodyguard, 135 people were tried, mostly convicted himself transformed into ‘a monstrous vermin’, which but apparently not executed. His son Joseph is usually rendered in English as an insect or beetle. Kabila Kabange (1971– ) was President of the DRC Kafka does not explain why the transformation 2001–19. In 2018, a corrupt and violent election was occurred. won by an opposition candidate Félix Tshisekedi; a bizarre result that appeared to be a democratic He suffered from tuberculosis of the larynx, died transition but was engineered to guarantee Kabila’s —essentially of starvation—in a sanatorium at continuing influence and preservation of his family’s Klosterneuburg, near Vienna, and was buried in wealth. Prague. He left instructions that his literary works be burnt, unread, but his friend and executor Max Brod Kaczyński, Jarosław (1949– ) and Lech Aleksander (1882–1968) ignored the direction and published Kaczyński (1949–2010).
    [Show full text]
  • Mary Julia Young She Applied to the Royal Literary Fund for Help Until She Could Complete Her Next Work
    Mary Julia Young she applied to the Royal Literary Fund for help until she could complete her next work. MAJOR WORKS : The Family Party; A Comic Piece, in Two Acts (London, 1789) ; Adelaide and Antonine; or, the Emigrants: A Tale (London, 1793); Genius and Fancy; or, Dramatic Sketches: With Other Poems on Various Subjects (London, 1795); Poems (London, 1798), reprinted in The Metrical Museum. Part I. Containing, Agnes; or, the Wanderer, a Story Founded on the French Revolution. The Flood, an Irish Tale. Adelaide and Antonine; or, The Emigrants. With Other Original Poems (London, [1801]); The East Indian, or Clijford Priory, 4 vols. (London, 1799; reprint, Dublin, 1800); Moss Clijf Abbey; or, The Sepulchral Har­ monist, a Mysterious Tale, 4 vols. (London, 1803); Right and Wrong; or, The Kinsmen of Naples, A Romantic Story, 4 vols. (London, 1803); Donalda; or, The Witches ef Glenshiel, 2 vols. (London, 1805); Memoirs ef Mrs. Crouch; Including a Retrospect ef the Stage during the Years she Performed, 2 vols. (London, 1806); Rose Mount Castle, or False Reports, 3 vols. (London, bef. l8ro); A Summer at Brighton, or The Resort of Fashion, 3 vols. (London, bef. 18ro); A Summer at Weymouth, or the Star ef Fashion, 3 vols. (London, bef. 18ro); The Heir ef Drumcondra; or, Family Pride, 3 vols. (London, 1810). TRANSLATIONS : The Mother and Daughter, a Pathetic Tale, from the French of Berthier; 3 vols. (London, 1804); Francois Maria Arouet de Voltaire, Voltariana, 4 vols. (London, 1805); Lindorf and Caroline, from the German of Prof. Cramer, 3 vols. (n.p., n.d.) . TEXTS USED : Texts of "An Ode to Fancy," "Sonnet to Dreams," and "To Miss --­ on Her Spending Too Much Time at Her Looking Glass" from Genius and Fancy; or, Dramatic Sketches: with Other Poems on Various Subjects (1795).
    [Show full text]
  • ED292679.Pdf
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 292 679 SE 049 058 TITLE Equity in Science. A Training Module. INSTITUTION Alaska State Dept. of Education, Juneau. Office of Curriculum Services.; Anchorage School District, AK. PUB DATE Oct 87 NOTE 95p.; Part of the Equity in Education: The Alaska Project series. Some drawings may not reproduce well. PUB TYPE Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) Guides - Classroom Use Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC04 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Educational Attitudes; *Educational Discrimination; *Elementary School Science; Elementary Secondary Education; *Inservice Teacher Education; Science Education; Scientific Attitudes; Secondary School Science; *Sex Bias; *Sex Stereotypes; Social Bias; Teacher Education; *Training Methods ABSTRACT Sex equity is an issue which many feel that teachers should be aware of in each area of the curriculum. The intent of this training module is to bring the issues of sex equity in the classroom to the conscious level of each teacher of science. The purposes of the module are to:(1) provide educators with increasing awareness of sexual bias in teaching science and to offer techniques/activities addressing these biases; (2) provide tools to promote the participation of women in science; (3) offer materials and strategies for educators designed to increase students' confidence and competence in doing science; and (4) relate the usefulness of science to future career choices. Most of the document consists of handouts, which include: a "Women Scientists" game; a "Famous Women Scientist Word Search"; "Woman in Science" (a list containing thumbnail sketches of women scientists through the ages); "Build the Highest Tower" (an exploration of creative problem solving); a series of "Science Equity Session Plans"; a list of "Science Activities for Classroom Use"; and lists of resources for teachers.
    [Show full text]
  • Recordando a Mujeres Relevantes De La Historia Y Cultura Escocesas
    Recordando a mujeres relevantes de la historia y cultura escocesas Antonia Sagredo Santos 1, Mª Rosario Piqueras Fraile2 y Mª Luz Arroyo Vázquez 1 1Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia y 2Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Resumen Esta Mesa Redonda aborda el estudio de algunas mujeres que jugaron un papel relevante en la sociedad escocesa de su tiempo y que han pasado a ocupar, por méritos propios, un lugar en destacado en su historia y cultura de Escocia. Nos vamos a centrar en sus biografías y en su contribución al desarrollo de la nación escocesa, así como en la proyección que todas ellas han tenido a nivel internacional. 1. La reina de las ciencias del siglo XIX: la escocesa Mary F. Somerville 1 Mary Fairfax Somerville nació en Escocia en 1780 y creció a la par que la Revolución Industrial, viviendo el nacimiento de nuevas ideologías políticas como el socialismo y el marxismo. Ser mujer supuso una dificultad con la que convivió, sorteando obstáculos con la paciencia y la convicción de quien cree en su trabajo. Mary pasó su infancia en contacto con la naturaleza lo que estimuló su carácter observador, pero sin una formación básica sistematizada, de manera que a los diez años apenas sabía leer y su madre le hacía practicar con la Biblia . Finalmente, su padre decidió enviarla a un internado. El primer encuentro interesante en su vida sucedió cuando tenía trece años. Conoció al Dr. Somerville, que posteriormente se convertiría en su suegro, quien al percibir los deseos 1 Sección de Antonia Sagredo Santos. Proceedings 31 st AEDEAN Conference .
    [Show full text]
  • Theses Digitisation: This Is a Digitised Version of the Original Print Thesis. Copyright and Moral
    https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ Theses Digitisation: https://www.gla.ac.uk/myglasgow/research/enlighten/theses/digitisation/ This is a digitised version of the original print thesis. Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] WOMEN OF THE SCOTTISH ENLIGHTENMENT : THEIR IMPORTANCE IN THE HISTORY OF SCOTTISH EDUCATION BY ROSALIND RUSSELL M.A., Dip.Ed., M.Ed. Thesis submitted for the Degree of Ph.D. The University of Glasgow DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW February, 1988 Copyright Rosalind Russell 1988 ProQuest Number: 10997952 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10997952 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC.
    [Show full text]