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Study on Distribution and Behavior of PFOS (Perfluorooctane Title Sulfonate) and PFOA (Perfluorooctanoate) in Water Environment( Dissertation 全文 )
Study on Distribution and Behavior of PFOS (Perfluorooctane Title Sulfonate) and PFOA (Perfluorooctanoate) in Water Environment( Dissertation_全文 ) Author(s) Lien, Nguyen Pham Hong Citation 京都大学 Issue Date 2007-09-25 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/doctor.k13379 Right Type Thesis or Dissertation Textversion author Kyoto University Study on Distribution and Behavior of PFOS (Perfluorooctane Sulfonate) and PFOA (Pefluorooctanoate) in Water Environment (水環境における PFOS (ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸) および PFOA(ペルフルオロオクタン酸)の分布と挙動に関する研究) NGUYEN PHAM HONG LIEN A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Engineering Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Japan September 2007 Nguyen Pham Hong LIEN ii ABSTRACT PFOS (perfluoroctane sulfonate) and PFOA (perfloroctanoate) are man-made surfactants having wide range of industrial and commercial applications for decades. In the beginning of this decade, researcher found that they were ubiquitous in living organism and human, and that they possibly had characteristics of persistent organic pollutants. Therefore, there is an emerging need to study PFOS and PFOA contamination environment, particularly in the water environment. The research aims at examination of spatial distribution and behavior of PFOS and PFOA in water environment of several countries, with focus on new places where examination has never been conducted. Therefore, the method to analyze PFOS and PFOA in environmental water was developed. Sampling surveys were conducted to collect various types of water including surface water, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharges, and tap water from various locations for analysis of PFOS and PFOA. Distribution and behavior of PFOS and PFOA were examined as three main parts. -
Flood Loss Model Model
GIROJ FloodGIROJ Loss Flood Loss Model Model General Insurance Rating Organization of Japan 2 Overview of Our Flood Loss Model GIROJ flood loss model includes three sub-models. Floods Modelling Estimate the loss using a flood simulation for calculating Riverine flooding*1 flooded areas and flood levels Less frequent (River Flood Engineering Model) and large- scale disasters Estimate the loss using a storm surge flood simulation for Storm surge*2 calculating flooded areas and flood levels (Storm Surge Flood Engineering Model) Estimate the loss using a statistical method for estimating the Ordinarily Other precipitation probability distribution of the number of affected buildings and occurring disasters related events loss ratio (Statistical Flood Model) *1 Floods that occur when water overflows a river bank or a river bank is breached. *2 Floods that occur when water overflows a bank or a bank is breached due to an approaching typhoon or large low-pressure system and a resulting rise in sea level in coastal region. 3 Overview of River Flood Engineering Model 1. Estimate Flooded Areas and Flood Levels Set rainfall data Flood simulation Calculate flooded areas and flood levels 2. Estimate Losses Calculate the loss ratio for each district per town Estimate losses 4 River Flood Engineering Model: Estimate targets Estimate targets are 109 Class A rivers. 【Hokkaido region】 Teshio River, Shokotsu River, Yubetsu River, Tokoro River, 【Hokuriku region】 Abashiri River, Rumoi River, Arakawa River, Agano River, Ishikari River, Shiribetsu River, Shinano -
Geographical Variations in Morphological Characters of the Fluvial Eight-Barbel Loach, Nagare-Hotoke-Dojo (Cobitidae: Nemacheilinae)
Biogeography 17. 43–52. Sep. 20, 2015 Geographical variations in morphological characters of the fluvial eight-barbel loach, Nagare-hotoke-dojo (Cobitidae: Nemacheilinae) Taiki Ito*, Kazuhiro Tanaka and Kazumi Hosoya Program in Environmental Management, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan Abstract. The morphological and color variations of Lefua sp. 1 Nagare-hotoke-dojo individuals from 13 river systems were examined. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant variations in Lefua sp. 1 mor- phology and coloration among the 13 populations examined, across all 19 measurements and counts. The 13 populations of Lefua sp. 1 were classified into two major clusters (I and II) by using UPGMA cluster analy- sis. Cluster I comprised fish from the Maruyama, Yura, Muko, Mihara, Yoshino, Hidaka, Kumano, Yoshii, Chikusa, and Ibo river systems. Cluster II comprised fish from the Yoshida, Saita, and Sumoto river systems. Cluster I was further subdivided into sub-clusters: I-i (the Maruyama, Yura, Muko, Mihara, Yoshino, Hidaka, Kumano, and Yoshii river systems) and I-ii (the Chikusa and Ibo river systems). Principal component analysis revealed that populations within cluster II clearly possessed longer caudal peduncles, while populations within cluster I possessed a longer anterior body on average and a deeper body. Populations within sub-cluster I-ii possessed a higher average dorsal fin and a longer average dorsal fin base than those of populations within sub-cluster I-i. A strong correlation was noted between the PC3 score and population latitude (r = 0.621). Observations of body color patterns revealed that individuals from the Yoshino, Mihara, Sumoto, and Hidaka river systems had dark brown mottling on both sides and the dorsal regions of their bodies and many small dark brown spots on the dorsal and caudal fins, while those from the Yura, Muko, and Kumano river systems possessed neither. -
Muscle Part Is Used As a Sample Unless Otherwise Noted
Results of the inspection on radioactive materials in fisheries products (press releases in October,2012䡚December,2012) Muscle part is used as a sample unless otherwise noted. The total value of cesium is written to two significant figures in accordance with the notice issued by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. The numbers in the parenthesis indicate the detection limit of analysis. Except for the test operations for giant pacific octopus, chesnut octopus,Japanese flying squid, spear squid, horsehair crab, snow crab, whelks (Buccinum isaotakii, Neptunea constricta , Neptunea intersculpta ,and Beringius polynematicus) , thornhead, greeneyes and rikuzen flounder there are no operations of any coastal and trawl fisheries in the sea area off Fukushima Prefecture currently.(half-tone dot cells) 29 March 2013 Press release Origin Item Radioactive Caesium (Bq/kg) Total Name of sampling Sampling date Facility that conducted the analysis area on food labeling Prefecture Date Prefecture Landing port or area Japanese English Standard limit for Radioactive Radioactive Caesium (Bq/kg) Radioactive Caesium (Bq/kg) Cesium in fish: 100Bq/kg Cesium-134 Cesium-137 Pacific cod 9935 Hokkaido 1 October 2012 Hokkaido Offshore Iburi 26 September 2012 Offshore Hokkaido 䝬䝎䝷 21 8.5 12 Marine Ecology Research Institute (Gadus macrocephalus) Pacific Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Offshore Chum salmon 9936 Hokkaido 1 October 2012 Hokkaido 21 September 2012 Offshore Hokkaido 䝅䝻䝄䜿 Not detectable Not detectable (<0.44) Not detectable (<0.35) Tohoku Ryokka Kankyohozen Hokkaido and Aomori (Oncorhynchus keta) and Aomori Chum salmon 9937 Hokkaido 1 October 2012 Hokkaido Offshore Oshima 21 September 2012 䠉 䝅䝻䝄䜿 Not detectable Not detectable (<0.52) Not detectable (<0.59) Mizuken, co. -
River Basin Management Toward Nature Restoration ~ Case of Ise Bay River Basin ~
Development of Eco-Compatible River Basin Management toward Nature Restoration ~ Case of Ise bay River Basin ~ Yuji Toda and Tetsuro Tsujimoto Nagoya University Nature Restoration Projects of Japanese Rivers (2006) Shibetsu River Ishikari River Kushiro River Maruyama River Iwaki River Akagawa River Mukawa River Shinano River Matsuura River Jinzu River Mabechi River Tone River Tenjin River Ara River Go-no River Tama River Turumi River Kano River Tenryu River Toyo River YahagiRiver KisoRiver Yamato River Yodo River Kako River Ibo River Yoshii River Shigenobu River Shimanto River Gokase River Kikuchi River Restoration of Riparian Wetland by Flood Re-meandering (Kushiro River) Plain Excavation (Matsuura River) Restoration of Tidal Mud Flats (Mu River) Restoration of Sediment Continuity along River (Image: from Pamphlet of Nature Restoration: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, JAPAN) Mountainous Area Restoration of Forest (Mt. Kunugi) Preservation of Grassland (Mt. Aso) Agricultural Area Coastal Area Reduction of Chemical Fertilizer Preservation of Tidal Mad Flats (Sanban-se) (Image: from Pamphlet of Nature Restoration: Ministry of the Environment, JAPAN) Each Project has own Objective Each project might somewhat contribute the sustainability of our society, but - How can we measure the contribution of each project to sustainability? - How can we design the eco-compatible and sustainable society? Today’s my talk: Introduction of a Joint research project of Ise Bay Eco- Compatible River Basin Research Project (from 2006 -
Kunio Ueda.Pmd
Current World Environment Vol. 9(1), 17-26 (2014) Distribution of Sand Particles Along the Shoreline of Lake Biwa in Shiga Prefecture and Considerations from Lake Biwa and Seto Inland Sea, Japan KUNIO UEDA Department of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone City, 522-8533, Japan. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CWE.9.1.03 (Received: February 10, 2014; Accepted: March 03, 2014) ABSTRACT The development of sand littoral zones is critical to supporting specific species in lakes and oceans. The construction of dams on rivers changes the distribution of sediments in littoral zones, and the relationship between dam construction on rivers, the inflow of small particles and increased eutrophication and red tide occurrences was demonstrated for Lake Biwa using public data. Many dams were constructed on rivers around Lake Biwa after the Second World War, and the old and new Araizeki dams were constructed on the out flowing Seta River, restricting flow and increasing the tendency of small particles to be deposited on the floor of Lake Biwa. Inouchi6 reported the distribution of seafloor sediment particle sizes in the Seto Inland Sea. Inouchi showed several fan-shaped distributions of sediment particles centered at the mouths of rivers. After many dams were constructed on the rivers in the period following the Second World War, particles smaller than Mdφ 4 to 6 were thought to increase in the rivers, and these smaller particles were deposited farther offshore from the river mouth if tidal currents were faster than 0.5 to 1.0 knots. Areas of the Seto Inland Sea in 1975 that were affected by silting and subsequent red tide blooms include Hiroshima Bay, Hiuti-nada, Harima-nada and Osaka Bay. -
The Hachijō Language of Japan: Phonology and Historical Development
THE HACHIJŌ LANGUAGE OF JAPAN: PHONOLOGY AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN LINGUISTICS MAY 2019 By David Joseph Iannucci Dissertation Committee: Lyle Campbell, Chairperson Robert Blust Shōichi Iwasaki Rory Turnbull Masato Ishida Dedicated to my two grandfathers, who valued education. James E. ‘Jack’ Iannucci (1914–1991) Frank A. Ventrola (1910–1979) i Acknowledgments I wish to acknowledge the following important people: Alexander Vovin, who inspired this work with an offhand comment, for teaching me Old Japanese, Classical Japanese, and Old Okinawan, and for recommending (before this work was started) that I buy an electronic handwriting-recognizing multi-dictionary of the kind that the Japanese seem to love. I picked up the Brain, made by Sharp. It was a crucial tool that I might not have realized I needed if not for Sasha’s suggestion, and without which I honestly wonder if I could possibly have completed this research. I feel privileged to have studied with him, and had the chance to join the group of students and hangers-on, of which he was the center, who would gather for lifting a glass after hours while talking about East Asian linguistics. Tim Vance, for teaching a stimulating course on Japanese phonology and morphophonology at ex- actly the time when I needed to review these topics in detail in order to do my own work. Ms. Mari Kikuchi, publisher of the Nankai Times newspaper in Hachijōjima, for interesting but too-brief dis- cussions of island history, and pointers to literature. -
Amateur Radio Award's Directory Japan .1
AAMMAATTEEUURR RRAADDIIOO AAWWAARRDD’’’SS DDIIRREECCTTOORRYY JAPAN COPYED BY : YB1PR – FAISAL Page 1 . JAPAN AMATEUR RADIO LEAGUE (JARL) SERIES General Requirements: Available to both amateurs and SWL's. GCR list is accepted. Form of list will be specified, when required, in the rules of each award. If GCR not available, you must submit all the cards required plus postage for return to you. Fee of 12 IRCs or $US16 per award. An additional 2 IRCs will be charged for air mail delivery regardless of the number of awards claimed. Applicants may request up to three of the following endorsements: 1. Specific band (only contacts made in same band) (3.8 MHz is included in 3.5 MHz) 2. Modes - (only contacts made in the same mode) (CW, AM, SSB, FM, SSTV, RTTY, ATV, FAX) 3. Satellite - (only contacts made through amateur radio 4. QRP - (only contacts made through transmitters with final input of 1W or less. Only contacts/receptions made on and after 29 July 1952 are acceptable, except in the following special cases: 1. HACA, HAGA 1 Jan 1970 2. Satellite end. 15 Dec 1972 3. SSTV end. 10 Apr 1973 4. RTTY end. 8 Aug 1968 5. Okinawa QSO's 15 May 1972 6. VU-1000 29 Jul 1977 7. Cities/Guns no Before the date longer in existence- of deletion mentioned in the JCC/JCG awards: JCC/JCG list. Only land station QSO's are acceptable. MM and AeroMoblile are acceptable for 50MHz-100, 144MHz-100, 435MHz- 100, 1200MHz-10, 50 100, 2400MHz-10, 50, 100 and VU-1000 awards. -
Concentrations of 21 Collected from and 3 M Etalsin
Geochem icalJournal,Vol.14,pp.203to 226,1980 203 C oncentrations of 21 m etals in the suspended solids collected from the principal 166 rivers and 3 lakes in Japan HISAYU KI T E RA OK A an d JUN K OBAYASHI Institute for A gricultural and Biological Sciences, O kayam a U niversity, K urashiki 710, Japan (R eceived July 21, 1980, A ccepted October 20, 1980) In the analysis ofnatural water,it w ould beinteresting to determine sm allbut significant quantities of trace m etals which are concentrated in suspended solids, since som e of these m etals, derived from geologic formations, mines and industries not only influence the environment for men and anim als,but will also help us in tracing m etallic resources. Taking advantage of the nation-wide chemicalinvestigations conducted by JUN K OBAYASHI, FUJI M ORII and cow orkers on various constituents dissolved in the principal Japanese rivers and lak es, the present authorscould analyze major an d minor metallic elementsin the suspended solids by theemission spectrographic m ethod. The following are the results obtained: (1) M arkedly high er concentrations of minor elements such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, M n and Co were found in the suspended solids th an in unpoluted soils or in the continentalcrustreported by TAYLOR (1964). (2) TheconcentrationsofM n,Cu,Ni,Pb and Sn were foundto bem arkedly highinthe North eastern provinces. Thism ustbedueto the higherconcentrationsofthesem etalsdistributedin geologicform ations in this section as well as to the influence of m any copper and other mines. (3) The distribution of Be happened to divide Japan into tw o halves. -
Committed to People, Committed to the Future
Committed to People, Committed to the Future. 1-1, Shibaura 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo,105-8001, Japan Contacts: Corporate Environment Management Office Tel: +81-3-3457-2403 Fax: +81-3-5444-9206 Inquiry page on Toshiba website URL http://www.toshiba.co.jp/env/en/contact/ The report is available on the Toshiba website URL http://www.toshiba.co.jp/env/en/ Published in December 2016 2016 Environmental Report Toshiba Group promotes environmental management, focusing on environmental issues as one of its top management priorities. It has also formulated the Basic Policy for the Environment which, in accordance with Basic Commitment of the Toshiba Group, lays out specific environmental strategies to be shared by all members of the group. Basic Commitment of Toshiba Group Toshiba Group's Basic Policy for the Environment We, Toshiba Group companies, based on our total commitment to We of the Toshiba Group recognize that the basic responsibility of people people and to the future, are determined to help create a higher living today is to hand over the precious global environment to the next quality of life for all people, and to do our part to help ensure that generation in a sound condition. Out of this recognition and in accordance progress continues within the world community. with our Environmental Vision, we will strive to create affluence and ensure coexistence with the earth. We will also contribute to realizing a sustainable Commitment to People society by aiming at achieving a low-carbon and recycle-oriented society that strives to coexist with nature through our environmental activities. -
Concentrations of 21 Metals in the Suspended Solids Collected from the Principal 166 Rivers and 3 Lakes in Japan
Geochemical Journal, Vol. 14, pp. 203 to 226, 1980 203 Concentrations of 21 metals in the suspended solids collected from the principal 166 rivers and 3 lakes in Japan HISAYUKI TERAOKA and JUN KOBAYASHI Institute for Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710, Japan (Received July 21, 1980; Accepted October 20, 1980) In the analysis of natural water, it would be interesting to determine small but significant quantities of trace metals which are concentrated in suspended solids, since some of these metals, derived from geologic formations, mines and industries not only influence the environment for men and animals, but will also help us in tracing metallic resources. Taking advantage of the nation-wide chemical investigations conducted by JUN KOBAYASHI,FUJI MORII and coworkers on various constituents dissolved in the principal Japanese rivers and lakes, the present authors could analyze major and minor metallic elements in the suspended solids by the emission spectrographic method. The following are the results obtained: (1) Markedly higher concentrations of minor elements such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn and Co were found in the suspended solids than in unpolluted soils or in the continental crust reported by TAYLOR (1964). (2) The concentrationsof Mn,Cu, Ni, Pb and Sri were found to be markedlyhigh in the Northeastern provinces. This must be due to the higher concentrationsof these metals distributedin geologicformations in this section as well as to the influence of many copper and other mines. (3) The distribution of Be happened to divide Japan into two halves. It is markedly lower in the eastern half. -
A Checklist of the Parasites of Ayu (Plecoglossus Altivelis Altivelis) (Salmoniformes: Plecoglossidae) in Japan (1912-2007)
J. Grad. Sch. Biosp. Sci. Hiroshima Univ. (2007), 46:59~89 REVIEW A Checklist of the Parasites of Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) (Salmoniformes: Plecoglossidae) in Japan (1912-2007) 1) 1) 2) Kazuya Nagasawa , Tetsuya Umino and Mark J. Grygier 1)Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan 2)Lake Biwa Museum, 1091 Oroshimo, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-001, Japan Abstract The ayu or sweetfish Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis is distributed in many rivers and some lakes in Japan and also occurs in rivers of the Korean Peninsula and along the east coast of China and northern Vietnam. In Japan, this species is one of the most important freshwater fishes for commercial fisheries, aquaculture, and recreational fishing. In the present paper, information on the protistan and metazoan parasites of ayu in Japan is compiled based on the literature published for 96 years between 1912 and 2007, and the parasites, including 29 named species and those not identified to species level, are listed by higher taxon as follows: Ciliophora (no named species), Microspora (1), Myxozoa (1), Trematoda (13), Monogenea (3), Cestoda (1), Nematoda (1), Acantho- cephala (3), Copepoda (4), and Branchiura (2). For each taxon of parasite, the following information is given: its currently recognized scientific name, any original combination, synonym(s), or other previous identification used for the parasite occurring in ayu; habitat (freshwater, brackish, or marine); site(s) of infection within or on the host; known geographical distribution in Japanese waters; and the published source of each locality record. There has been no record of parasites from a subspecies of ayu, the ryukyu-ayu Plecoglossus altivelis ryukyuensis.