t-^^c^v^t^v^v^v^t^K^w-^x^x^ І Remember 5 The Ukrainian Weekly Edition СВОБОДА A SYOBODA УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ЩОДЕННИК UKRAIHIAN D А І LV VOL. LXXXIV No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. JANUARY іб, 1977 25 CENTS Ukrainian Communities Prepare for Observances Of Ukraine's independence Anniversary Rudenko's Committee issues Programs to Be Held in Washington, D.C., Albany and Other State, Local Sites Declaration and Memorandum NEW YORK, N.Y. (UCCA Special).- rectives on the observances of the anniver– On Human Rights in Ukraine On January 22nd, in the free sary of Ukrainian independence. world will commemorate Ukrainian inde– in addition: pendence Day in remembrance of that date Demand independent Participation in 1918, when Ukrainians declared their UCCA President Prof. Lev E. Dobrian– independence from all foreign aggressors, sky sent a letter to every U.S. Senator and with the establishment of the Ukrainian Congressman inviting them to make appro– Of Ukraine in international Parleys National Republic. priate statements on the floor of the Con– The date of January 22nd is marked by gress on the significance of Ukraine's ceremonies in most major cities of the U.S. independence anniversary; U.S. Group Submits Documents as well as numerous state capitals. These UCCA Central Office sent out 2,180 take the form of flag-raising ceremonies, press releases to major American newspa– To Congresswoman Fenwick concerts, religious observances and special pers, ТУ and radio stations, as well as to proclamations issued by city fathers and American and foreign wire services. The WASHINGTON, D.C.–The ukra– conditions of the Final Act of the state leaders. two-page release stresses the importance of inian Committee to Monitor Compii– Helsinki Agreement be enforced in For example, the New York State Legis– Ukraine's freedom and independence. ance with the Helsinki Accords in Ukraine, the Kiev-based Committee lature in Albany, N.Y., in an official Below are dates and places of already announced observances: Ukraine released last year two docu– continually emphasized the point that ceremony to be held Monday, January 17, Ukraine should participate in all inter- will proclaim January 22nd as Ukrainian ^ Albany, N.Y. January 17, 1977, at the ments which outlined the group's beliefs independence Day in New York State. Legislative Office Building with speakers: and courses of action and gave an up- national agreements on an independent level. The resolution for this action has been Lt. Governor Mary Ann Krupsak, State date on the dissident movement in introduced by Sen. Edwyn E. Mason and Senators Warren Anderson and Assembly- Both documents, published last No– Ukraine, reported the "Smoloskyp" Majority Leader Sen. Warren Anderson. man Maurice D. Hinchey; Joseph Lesawyer Ukrainian information Service here, vember 9 and December 6, were receiv– Many Mayors and Governors of U.S. Cities and ivan Bazarko; prayers by Rev. Stephen in addition to demanding that the ed by the Ukrainian Committee's Ame– and States will mark this event with appro– A. Chomko (Ukrainian Catholic Church) rican counterpart here. Entitled "Decla– priate resolutions and proclamations. and Rev. John Kulish (Ukrainian Orthodox ration" and "Memorandum No. l,"the As in previous years, the UCCA Central Church); entertainment: Andrij Dobrian– texts were signed by the 10 founding Office sent out a circular to all its branches sky, Mary Lesawyer, Thomas Hrynkiv, the National Fund Drive (Continued on page 2) and member organizations, providing di– (Continued on page 3) Exceeds Goal Stote Capitol in Albany Will Be NEW YORK, N.Y. (UCCA Special).-A total of Si35,390 was collected for the 1976 Ukrainian National Fund drive as of Jan– Site of independence Day Observance uary 10, 1977. in 1975 at the same time the fund had reached 5131,346. M. K-ushnir; the Ukrainian Dancers of in this year's fund-raising drive the first ALBANY, N.Y.-A concert of Uk– place was taken by the UCCA Branch in rainian songs and dances, followed by Astoria under the direction of Elaine Philadelphia, which surpassed its last year's official ceremonies in the State Legisla– Oprysko, vocalists Marusia Styn and total of Si2,000. Chairman of the Branch is tive Office building in Albany, N.Y., Orysia Styn-Hewka, accordionist Alec Prof. Peter G. Stercho, with ivan Skochylas, will comprise the special program Chudolij and bandurist Ted Semchy– head of the finance committee, and ivan Monday, January 17, in observance of shyn. Sharan, Michael Nych and Peter Tarnaw– the 59th anniversary of Ukraine's After the concert, with both cham– sky, collectors, independence, announced New York bers in session, Sen. Mason will intro– Second place went to the UCCA Branch State Senator Edwyn E. Mason here duce a resolution calling on Governor of Newark-lrvington, which collected over Hugh L. Carey to proclaim January S7,000, Chairman of the Branch is Michael last week. 22nd as "Ukrainian independence Day" Chaikivsky, treasurer Kost Hrechak, and it was Sen. Mason who in coopera– vasyl Shymera, George Drebych and ivan tion with Senate Majority Leader in the state. Kalynovych, collectors. Warren M. Anderson initiated these Brief statements will be rendered on The UCCA Branch in Chicago, ill., state-wide observances last year follow– the occasion by Sens. Mason and contributed substantially in the last minute- ing one of his frequent visits at Soyuziv– Anderson as well as Lt. Gov. Mary Ann drive, with Mykola Senchyshak and the ka–which is located in the District he Krupsak. Among those in attendance "Pevnist" Cooperative donating S500 each. represents—and a talk with the UNA will be Assemblyman Morris Hinchey As soon as all donations are summarized, estate's manager Walter Kwas. The who is of Ukrainian lineage. the UCCA Central Office will publish a Leading the Ukrainian contingent detailed report on how much each UCCA Central Office of the UCCA in New York and individual branches in the and speaking in the course of the Branch contributed to the Ukrainian Na– concert will be UCCA Executive vice– tional Fund. state followed up on this initiative and Sen. Edwyn E. Mason took part in the unique observances. President and UNA President Joseph This year's program has been expan– and will be held in "The Well", located Lesawyer. HARVARD SPECIAL ded to include a concert with the on the first floor of the Legislative Groups of Ukrainians from many participation of outstanding Ukrainian Office building. Scheduled to perform centers of Ukrainian life in the state are making arrangements to take part in the The centerfold in this issue features the artists and performers. are the following: Mary Lesawyer, symposium on "Ukrainian Experience in The UCCA Central Office has al– soprano formerly with the N.Y. City ceremonies. The Kerhonkson, N.Y., the United States," held at Harvard ready apprised its branches throughout Opera Company; Andrij Dobriansky, and Glen Spey, N.Y., communities are University December 2-5, 1976. are the state to send delegations to Albany bass-baritone of the Metropolitan scheduled to arrive by chartered buses. publishing this material on the eve of the and thus ensure an impressive turnout Opera; concert pianist Thomas Hryn– The entire balcony in the State last phase of the drive to complete the for the event. kiv; vocal female sestet "Kobza" from Legislative building has been reserved funding of Harvard's Ukrainian project. The concert is scheduled for 1 :OO.p.m. Watervliet, N.Y., under the direction of for participants. m THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY іб, 1977 No. 11 Ukrainians Again Stage Rudenko, Others Stage Effective Demonstration in Philly Hunger Strike PHILADELPHIA, Pa.–Phiiadei– members of TUSM, each dressed in a N.Y. Times Correspondent Says phia again had the dubious honor of shirt displaying one large letter on the welcoming Soviet performers in its front and back, formed the words Dissident Movement Spreads midst recently. "Freedom for Ukraine" in English The Ukrainian community chose to and in the back "Уоііа Ukraini" in voice its welcome of the Soviet athletes Ukrainian. During the Russian anthem WASHINGTON, D.C.–Mykoia and threats of criminal punishment. by protesting the violation of human the protestors pointedly remained Rudenko and three other members of They have stopped short of handing out and national rights in Ukraine by the seated, standing only for the American the Kiev based Committee to Monitor prison sentences during this period, but Soviet regime in a demonstration out- national anthem. Compliance with the Helsinki Accords have tried to create the impression that side and in the Spectrum arena on As soon as the lights came on and the went on a hunger strike as a protest cases are being prepared that could Monday, December 20, 1976. public was seated, the entire row of against harrassment by Soviet authori– result in long imprisonment or Siberian demonstrators stood, displaying their ties, reported the "Smoloskyp" infor– exile. Besides carrying banners and distri– large slogan, calling out "Free Ukraine" mation Service here. The increased maneuvering on both buting informative pamphlets about the capturing the attention of the audience, At the same time, New York Times sides seems more episodic than a result political situation in Ukraine, an effec– numbering approximately 12,000 peo– Moscow correspondent, David Shipler, of any shift in government policy or any tive protest was staged inside the arena. ple. This was repeated before and after reported that dissident movement in the new discontent among the population, Seventeen demonstrators, consisting each set of performances and concluded USSR has risen recently and that new in part, the recent activity reflects of member of the Committee for the in a mass exit by the demonstrators organized groups are springing up in improved communication among the Defense of Yalentyn Moroz here and during a pause in the program. defense of human, religious and indivi– various factions of dissent, which find dual rights. He also said that Rudenko common ground in the human rights was thretened with death. provisions of the European declaration Philadelphia Moroz Committee signed in 1975 at Helsinki, Finland. Joining Rudenko in the hunger strike Last May, nine dissidents formed a were his wife Raia, Oleksiy Tykhy, and group to monitor Soviet compliance To Hold Dual Conference Oles Berdnyk, reported "Smoloskyp". with the Helsinki document. The com– The strike was in response to repeated PHILADELPHIA, Pa.-The com– Persons interested in forming new mittee, including Sakha– harassment of the group's members, rov, the wife of Andrei D. Sakharov, the mittee for the Defense of valentyn committees in areas where such organi– including a search of Rudenko's home Moroz here, one of the most active zations do not exist are welcome to physicist, recently spawned two other in Koncha Zaspa, just outside of Kiev, committees with the same purpose, one Ukrainian human rights groups in the attend the conference and should con- on December 23rd. nation, will hold a conference divided tact Mrs. vera Andrejchyk at 1950 in Kiev and the other in vilna. into two separate sessions Saturday, Brandon Rd., Westover Woods, Pa. During the search, said "Smolo– Several members of the Kievcommit– January 29, at the "Tryzub" home. 19491, tel.: (215) 539-0638. skyp", a number of documents relating tee have come under harassment, accor– The open session is slated for 7:30 to the group's activity, were confiscated ding to , a physicist who A closed session for members of the p.m. and its program includes the by the KGB. Attempts to contact heads the Moscow group. On Saturday, Moroz Committees only will be held at commemoration of the Battle of Kruty Rudenko by telephone were unsuccess– December 25, the KGB searched their 10:00 a.m. and will deal with various and a discussion of the current plight of ful, said the press service. His telephone homes and came up with evidence that plans of action in defense of Ukrainian Ukrainian dissidents and political appears to have been disconnected after the dissidents said had been planted: political prisoners in the prisoners. Speakers will be Dr. Andrij a telephone conversation with the pornographic cards, a rifle and S36 in and effective coordination of actions Zwarun and Osyp Zinkewych of the service's representative, Bohdan Yasen, American currency, possession of with widespread committees and orga– "Smoloskyp" Publishers. This session is last November 21st. which is illegal for Soviet citizens. The nizations. open to the public. chairman of the Kiev group, Mykola O. Tychy, the newest member of the Rudenko, who is a poet, found a death Kiev group, was born in the village threat in his mailbox. Rudenko's Group iskra in the Donbas region of Ukraine. (Continued from page 1) He was arrested in 1958 for defending The group formed recently called the and sentenced the Christian Committee for the De– members of the Committee, headed by which stipulated that international to five years of imprisonment. He was fense of the Rights of Believers in the . treaties are signed by the USSR on released in 1963. in 1976, the KGB USSR consists of two Russian Ortho– behalf of all the republics, should have searched his home and confiscated a dox clergymen, the Rev. R^p. Fenwick Requests investigation guaranteed compliance with the Helsin– manuscript on a Ukrainian philology. and Deacon varsonofy Khaibulin, and ki Accords in Ukraine. in his article, carried by the N.Y. viktor Kapitanchuk, an Orthodox On Monday, January 10, Rep. Mil– The Ukrainian Committee claims Times of December 30th, Mr. Shipler layman who restores religious art. licent Fenwick, (R-N.J.) received from that neither the Helsinki Agreement nor reported the following: The committee reported cases of Bohdan Yasen, secretary of the Ameri– the Universal Declaration of Human Soviet dissident activity has risen in police barring worshipers from holy can group, the two new texts plus Rights are being observed in Ukraine. recent months, bringing a series of places and of other forms of harass– information about KGB attempts to "Experience has shown that the government countermeasures. ment, especially where young people harass the Kiev group. conditions of the Helsinki Accord (in were involved. Rep. Fenwick, who has been interest– particular those pertaining to humani– Jews trying to emigrate have staged ed in the Ukrainian dissident movement tarian questions) will not be guaranteed demonstrations and attempted to hold a for several years, said that she would symposium on Jewish culture. Activists A 28-year-old man, Eduard Fedotov, without the wide participation of all told Western reporters at a news confer– ask the U.S. State Department to countries," they wrote. struggling for human rights have form– investigate the charges, according to ed committees to collect information ence in a Moscow apartment that he One of the four goals set by the was confined to a mental hospital for Robert W. Maitiin of the Newark Star- Ukrainian Committee was to see to it and disseminate regular statements on Ledger. oppression. Today, three religious several months this year after he had that Ukraine participate in all interna– helped organize a religious seminar for Memorandum No. i, entitled "The dissidents announced the formation of a tional conferences as a "sovereign young Muscovites. Effect of the European Conference (on committee to defend the rights of European country arrd U.N. member "They are still willing to tolerate old Security and Cooperation) on the through a separate delegation." churchgoers, who they said were being Development of Rights-Awareness persecuted by the state. people in church," said Father Yakunin, "but not the young." The priest has been among Ukrainians," consists of 18 Report violations single-spaced-type-written pages. They The Soviet authorities have respond– outspoken in the past, writing letters of ed with searches, interrogations, arrests protest to international organizations. are divided into four sections dealing Their major task is to report all with "The Creation of the Ukrainian violations of the Universal Declaration Monitoring committee," "Typical vio– of Human Rights and the Helsinki lations of Human Rights," "Severity of Accord. the Sentences," and "Effects of the CBOEOAA^SvOBODA "in its activity, the group will be УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ЩОМННИК Helsinki Conference." guided not by political, but by humani– UKRAINIAN DAILS tarian-legal principles," they wrote. FOUNDED 1893 Demand Equal Participation The Committee said that while the Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association, inc., at 30 Montgomery! growth of bureaucracy tends to dilute Street, Jersey City, N. J. 07302, daily except Mondays and holidays. The Declaration begins with the the importance of the Helsinki Accords, TELEPHONES: thesis that Ukraine, which just like nonetheless they "subscribe to the Svoboda U.N.A. other European countries, was twice documents in their literal form, without (201)434-0237 (201)451-2200 devastated by world wars and was a bureaucratic twists and arbitary om– (201)434-0807 founding member of the United Na– from New York (212) 227-5250 missions by officials or governmental from New York (212) 227-4125 (212)227-5251 tions, should have been included in the organs." Helsinki talks as a separate nation. "We are deeply convinced that only Subscription rates for THE UKRA1N1AN WEEKLY S6.00 per year "ince it was not, wrote the Ukrainian this kind of understanding of the UNA Members - S2.50 per year ^ring Committee, the agreement Universal Declaration of Human THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Editor: Zenon Snylyk ber 27, 1922 establishing the Rights and the Helsinki Accords can P.O. Box 346, Jersey City, N. J. 07303 Ass't Editor: ihor Dlaboha "oviet Socialist Republics, (Continued on page 15) No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY І б, 1977 з Programs... Newark-lrvington UCCA Branch Plans (Continued from page 1) sister-duo Marusia Styn and Orysia Styn– Northern NJ. January 22nd Observances Hewka, and other ensembles. ^ Washington, D.C.: a) on January 26, 1977: special observance in the U.S. Con– iRviNGTON, N. J.—AS in all other uary 22nd. The flags can be purchased gress, with very Rev. Msgr. Michael Fedo– areas across the United States, Nothern NJ. UCCA Slates by calling (202) 763-1098. rowich of Philadelphia, Pa., delivering a New Jersey is preparing this year for ^ Maplewood, N. J.—Mayor Robert special prayer on behalf of the captive elaborate Ukrainian independence Day Grassmere will sign the proclamation Ukrainian people; observances. Jan. 22nd Banquet at the Town Hall Tuesday, January 18 b) on January 27, 1977: Ukrainian inde– Spearheaded by the Newark-lrving– at 8:30 p.m. A Moleben will be held pendence program at the Rayburn Building, ton and vicinity UCCA branch, headed PASSA1C, N.J.—A banquet, to be at– Sunday, January 23 at the Holy Ascen– at 8:00 p.m. (Room 2168); speakers: Sen. by Michael Chaikivsky, many commu– tended by scores of Ukrainian and non– sion Ukrainian Orthodox Church. Paul S. Sarvanes (Maryland) and Congress- nities where Ukrainian Americans have Ukrainain dignitaries, will be held Saturday, ^ Newark, N. J.—The Ukrainian lib woman Millicent Fenwick (R-N.J.) and January 22, in Cedar Grove, N.J., in established their civic life will stage the dependence Day Proclamation was Congressman Chirstopher Dodd (D-Conn); commemoration of the 59th anniversary of entertainment: the Bandura Ensemble under traditional proclamation ceremonies, the proclamation of Ukrainian indepen– signed on Tuesday, January 12 at the direction of Dr. ihor Masnyk; master of flag raising and commemorative con- dence. City Hall. A special Divine Liturgy will ceremonies: George Nesterczuk, chairman certs, The banquet, a state-wide event arranged be offered Sunday, January 23 at St. of the Washington UCCA Branch. Many communities have already by the New Jersey Coordinating Council of John's Ukrainian Catholic Church. A ^ New Haven, Conn.: Banquet at the held their proclamations ceremonies the Ukrainian Congress Committee of display of Ukrainian stamps, coins, Sheraton Park Hotel on Saturday, January and others are scheduling them for up- America, will be held at the Friar Tuck inn. medals and documents will be exhibit - 22, followed by a dance; speaker: Dr. coming days. The flag raisings, how– A similar event was held last year and was ed on January 30th from 9:00 a.m. to Michael Snihurowych, chairman of the local attended by Governor Brendan T. Byrne ever, will be held on January 22nd in 2:00 p.m. at the Plast Building. UCCA Branch. who also issued an appropriate proclama– ^ Philadelphia, Pa.: Concert on Satur– all towns. ^Union, NJ.—The proclamation ф tion. day, January 22; speakers: Prof. Peter Clark, N.J.—The singing of the Gov. Byrne is expected to issue a procla– signing ceremony took place at the Stercho, local Branch chairman, and Antho– proclamation took place on January mation this year as well and, schedule Town Hall Tuesday, January 11 at ny Dragan, Svoboda Editor-in-Chief; per– 11, 1977 at the Town Hall. A month- permitting, to attend the anniversary ban– 8:00 p.m. A month long arts and crafts formers: "Prometheus" male choir under the long exhibit of arts and crafts is cur– quet. exhibit is underway at the local Public baton of Michael Dlaboha and ooeratic rently underway at the local Public Li– Expected to be on hand are also scores of Library. soloist Alicia Andreadis. brary. Congressmen, state assemblymen, city ^ Mountainside, N.J.—The procla– 9 Cleveland, O.: Banquet and ball on ^ Hillside, N.J.—The proclamation mayors and other public officials. mation was signed by Mayor Thomas Saturday, January 22, at St. Josaphat A letter-communique, explaining the Ricciardi on December 21, 1976 in the Ukrainian High School; speakers: Atty. signing ceremony will take place on background and the purpose of these annual presence of several local Ukrainians. volodymyr Bazarko and Congresswoman Tuesday, January 18 at the Town Hall observances in New Jersey and every other Mary Rose Oakar (D-O.). at 8:00 p.m. A Divine Liturgy will be center of Ukrainian life in the free world, ^ Scotch Plains, N.J.—Mayor Ann ^ Detroit, Mich.: January 23, 1977: celebrated at the immaculate Concep– was sent out to news media last January 3rd Wodjenski signed the proclamation on Speakers: Senator Robert Griffin and tion church on Sunday, January 23 at by the Coordinating Council. January 4th with former mayor and Governor Milliken, and Nestor Shcherbiy; 10:30 a.m. now councilman Noel S. Musial also entertainment: Ukrainian Choir "Dnipro" ^ lrvington, N.J.—On Friday, Jan– attending. from Cleveland under the direction of v. ф uary 21 at 4:00 p.m., Mayor Robert chyk, soprana, St. John's Children's Cedar Grove, N.J.—Friar Tuck Sadowsky; Miller will sign the January 22nd pro– Choir directed by Mary Fesio, and a inn will be the cite of the state-wide " Buffalo, N.Y.: Banquet at the Statler Plast troupe. The local UCCA branch Ukrainian independence Day banquet Hilton on January 21, 1977; speakers: Dr. clamation. The following Sunday ser– urges all Ukrainian residents to display beginning at 1:00 p.m. on January Edward M. O'Connor, vasyl Sharvan and vice will be held at the First Ukrainian Dr. M. Loza. Presbyterian Church here at 10:00 American and Ukrainian flags on Jan– 22nd. ф Cedar Grove, N.J.: Banquet sponsored a.m., and a Moleben will be celebrated by the UCCA Coordinating Council on at the Holy Trinity Ukrainian Ortho– January 22, 1977: Speakers: Governor dox Church at 11:30 a.m. The com– Scotch Plains Mayor Proclaims Brendan Byrne and ivan Bazarko; memorative concert will be held that і Jersey City, N.J.: January 23, 1977 at day at 4:00 p.m. at lrvington High the Ukrainian Community Center; speakers: January 22nd "Ukrainian Day" Dr. Eugene Kotyk, head of the UCCA School. Principal speaker will be Dr. Branch, and Atty. Askold Lozynskyj; Larissa M. L. Onyshkevych. Also ap– ^ Hempstead, N.Y.: January, 30, 1977: pearing will be the "Prometheus" Speakers: Dr. Walter Dushnyck and George Chorus from Philadelphia under the Soltys, chairman of the UCCA Branch; baton of Michael Dlaboha, Martha ф Carteret, N.J.: January 13, 1977, sign– Cybyk, pianist, Raisa Didov-voluy– ing of the Ukrainian independence Day Proclamation; concert on January 23, 1977; speakers: Archbishop Mark Hundiak and W. Janiw, head of the UCCA Branch; Queens to Mark і New York, N.Y.: January 23, 1977 Fashion institute Speakers: Dr. Adrian Slyvotsky and Eugene lwashkiw; "Zahrava" January 22nd from Toronto to stage play, "Myna Maza– ilo", by Mykola Kulish: NEW YORK, N.Y.—Ukrainian Ameri– (Schedule of Northern New Jersey obser– cans from all over Queens will gather in van"ees is givm in a separate article in this Astoria Sunday, January 30, to comme– issue). morate Ukrainian independence Day, an occasion that is equally dear to the hearts of recent emigres from Ukraine and second - and third-generation Americans of Ukrain– Union, NJ., Mayorian descent. The event will he marked by a concert of traditional Ukrainian songs and dances, presented by over 200 performers in colorful folk costumes. independence DayTh e concert is scheduled for 3:00 p.m. at Bryant High School Auditorium, 31st 1RY1NGTON, N. J.—A Proclamation Avenue and 48th Street in Astoria. ' designating January 22nd as Ukrainian Dr. Myron B. Kuropas, Special Assistant independence Day in Union, N.J., will be to the President for Ethnic Affairs, is slated read by Union's Mayor, Dr. Goodkin, that to arrive from Washington to be guest morning at 9:00. speaker for the occasion. He will review Mayor Ann B. Wodjenski (first right) presents proclamation to William Bahrey. Others in The reading of the proclamation and the recent events in Ukraine and the continuing the Ukrainian group are: Mary Lesawyer (front, first left) and (back row) Atty. Theodore flag raising to be held at the Municipal struggle of the Ukrainian people to preserve Romankow, George Drebych. Mayor Wodjenski's predecessor and currently councilman, Building is under the sponsorship of their national and cultural identity in the Noel S. Musial, who is of Ukrainian lineage on his mother's side, was also present for the UNWLA Branch 32 of lrvington. face of Soviet Russian persecution. occasion. in conjunction with the independence by the Newark-lrvington branch of :he Day activities and to promote further SCOTCH PLA1NS, NJ.—Newly elected Dates Recalled Mayor Ann B. Wodjenski of Scotch Plains, UCCA. community awareness of Ukrainian culture in a special proclamation, signed in the and i:s people, Branch 32 has an exhibit in N.J., a suburban community in northern Subjugated by Moscow for three centu– New Jersey which is the hometown of a presence of a Ukrainian delegation, Mayor the Union Public Library for the entire ries, Ukrainians took advantage of the Wodjenski reaffirmed the validity of the month of January. A special showcase is of number of Ukrainian families, including troubled years of the revolution to break that of UNA Supreme President Joseph Ukrainian people's claim to liberty and interest to younger people in the chiidrens away from Russia and proclaim their sovereignty, and called on the American section of the library as well as the exhibit in independence. The Ukrainian National Lesawyer and his wife Mary, designated government to do its utmost in securing the the main area. Republic was born on January 22, 1918. January 22nd as "Ukrainian independence freedom of Ukrainian political prisoners Branch 32 invites all members of the Less than two years later, the young Day" in commemoration of the 59th anni– incarcerated in Soviet jails and concen:ra– Ukrainian community and their friends to versary of the proclamation of Ukraine's tion camps. visit the library exhibit and especially to republic was crushed by the military might independence. Mayor Wodjenski signed the docurrent support the reading of the Proclamation on of Soviet Russia, which began a systematic Arrangements for the signing were made on Tuesday, January 4, 1977. January 22nd. (Continued on page 5) 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY UNA's December Drive Cleveland UNA'ers Meet Nets 508 New Members in Annual Session brought into the UNA fold, insured for 57.3 Olshansky, Branch 22 secretary Helen CLEvELAND, O.–Thirty-two officers, JERSEY C1TY, N.J.—An impres– representing 11 Branches, took part in the million. sive total of 508 new members joined the Olek, Branch 153 secretary ivan Skira, annual meeting of UNA's Cleveland District Soyuzivka, said Mr. Lesawyer, had a Ukrainian National Association in Branch 292 secretary Peter Fedyk, Committee held Sunday, January 9, at St. record income of over 5430,000, while the December in what was an all-out drive Branch 379 secretary Michael Semkiw Josaphat's Ukrainian Catholic Church hall Svoboda Press has relocated to the new by Soyuz's organizing apparatus. and pastor Wasyl Davydiuk, secretary in Parma, O. building. Training of employees in new The December gain upped the total of Branch 411. Principal speaker at the meeting was methods is still in progress. Gradually, for the year to 3,071. insured for the Philadelphia District, headed by Supreme President Joseph Lesawyer. Also larger type is being introduced into the UNA sum of Si.31 million, the total in that Peter Tarnawsky, with 110 new mem– attending the session were Supreme Advi– publications to facilitate the reading. category for the year was S7.322 mil- bers insured for S267,000, topped the sors Taras Szmagala and Bohdan Futey, Problems continue with poor delivery of newspapers by local post offices, and the lion. list of UNA's 30 units, upping its total and field representative Bohdan Deycha– President urged all subscribers to keep for the year to 439 new members and kiwsky. Leading the December drive was Presiding over the meeting was ivan Fur, complaining to the local postmasters. He 5988,000 worth of insurance. Roman Czuczkewych of Branch 88 in the District Committee's chairman, with said that the Main Office is constantly Kerhonkson, N.Y., who organized 20 The New York District (Mykola Yakiw Klowany serving as secretary. Wasyl keeping after the post office in Jersey City. new members. Following Mr. Czuczke– Chomanczuk, chairman) brought in 86 Kaminsky read the minutes of the previous Space in the new building is all rented out, wych with 14 members was Branch 432 new member (5198,000 of insurance), meeting in the absence of secretary Roman with income in 1976 having exceeded 51 secretary Bohdan Zorych. With 13 gaining in the year a total of 327 new Wozniak. million. Rental income in 1977 will exceed members each were: Supreme Advisor, members insured for S641,000. Chicago in reporting on the activity in the past 51.6 million, and profits before interest Lehigh vally District chairman and District, headed by M. Olshansky, year, Mr. Fur said that 18 Branches in the payment will approximate 51 million in this Branch 47 secretary Anna Haras, Su– organized 35 new members (5130,000), District, which also included Akron, Lorain and subsequent years. preme Advisor and Branch 153 presi– raising the year's total to 236 insured for and Lakewood, organized a total of 124 new The new membership goal in 1977, a pre– dent John Odezynsky, and Branch 204 5489,000. members. Two Branches had none. convention year, is 5,000 new member and Top organizer was M. Kihichak, secretary 510 million worth of insurance. Higher secretary Dr. Wasyl Palidwor. Branch Among women organizers, Mrs. of Branch 240, who brought 46 new mem– dividends will be paid to member in 1977, 430 secretary 1 van Knihnycky signed up Haras once again topped the list with 36 bers into the UNA fold. W. Wladyka, said Mr. Lesawyer, with the largest increase 12 new members, while Supreme vice- new members for the year. She was secretary of Branch 364, had 10 new mem– to be paid on older certificates. Full annual President and Branch 293 president followed by Mrs. Steciuk with 34, Mary bers, Mary Kapral, secretary of Branch 112, dividend will be paid to members after age Mary Dushnyck and Branch 25 secre– Makar (Branch 348) with 32, Mrs. Olek and Mrs. M. Futey, secretary of Branch 358, 79. tary Kvitka Steciuk organized 11 new with 31, and Mrs. Tekla Moroz, Sup– had 9 each, and H. Kishel, secretary of Special awards will be instituted for members each. reme Advisor, Montreal District chair- Branch 336, organized 7 new members. persons organizing 25, 50 or 100 new Coming in with 10 members each man and secretary of Branch 465, with Mr. Fur reported further that three members. A special course for secretaries were: Branch 51 secretary Michael 29. meetings were held during the year, a course and organizers will be held at Soyuzivka for secretaries and organizers was given, and June 20-24. that he attended a conference at the Home Mr. Lesawyer concluded his report by a Office for District heads. few remarks on the recent UCCA congress, Mrs. Mary Fedak, treasurer, reported the activities of the World Congress of Free UNA Promissory Notes that income during the year amounted to Ukrainians and the Harvard Research 5369.67, while expenses were 5383. The institute. balance in the treasury was 5306.68, includ– in the ensuing discussion the following Available through January ing petty cash but not the bank interest took part: W. Kaminsky, H. Kishel, M. JERSEY C1TY, N.J.—The Ukrainian rented, with the income in the past year earned that will be received on the funds on Kihichak, S. Hlokowsky, M. Fedak, 1. Fur, National Association will continue issuing amounting to over 51 million. Rental deposit. T. Szmagala, B. Futey, A. Zguta, 1. Popo– its 8 percent interest paying promissory income in 1977 will amount to about 51.6 ivan Popovych, head of the auditing vych and W. Lawryn. notes through January 31, 1977, announced million. committee, reported that the Branch records The elections gave the following results: 1. Treasurer Ulana Diachuk last week. interest on the notes in the amount of were in order and recommended a vote of Fur, chairman, Nykola Bobeczko, vice- The notes, available to members and 55,000 and higher is paid quarterly, and on approval for the executive committee. The chairman, R. Wozniak, seretary, M. Fedak, Branches, have brought in a total of over notes of 51,000 to 55,000 twice a year, in motion was carried unanimously. treasurer; B. Deychakivsky, Maksym Za– 52,427,000 as of the end of 1976, informed April and October. Loans on the notes will Mr. Lesawyer, in his address, gave an doyney, Petro Danylevych, members. Com– Mrs. Diachuk, adding that last January 1st be paid by the UNA October 1, 1979. overall review of Soyuz's progress and prising the auditing committee are: 1. the UNA forwarded checks for over 540,000 Notes which were obtained by January 10, activities in the past year, noting that the Popovych, ilko Zguda, Jaroslaw Kryshtal– in quarterly interest payments to the 1977, will earn interest from January 1, total assets had increased to over 541 million sky. holders. 1977. Thereafter, interest will be paid from and that income from dues rose to over 53 The meeting closed with a pleadge to meet the day money is received. million. A total of 3,071 new members were the new membership quota in 1977. The funds accrued from the notes are used Persons interested in acquiring the notes to pay off mortgage loans obtained earlier in should contact the UNA Home Office at 30 local banks to finance the construction of Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.J. Maine UNA'ers visit the new UNA building which is now fully 07303. Soyuz, Svoboda Offices UNA's Special Holiday Offer for Youth Extended JERSEY C1TY, NJ.—in order to and now January 1977—acquire one of allow a greater number of parents and four classes of life insurance (P-20, P– grandparents to enroll their youthful 65, E-65, and T-16) for 53,000 worth of offspring into this largest Ukrainian insurance, will receive an additional organization in the free world on 53,000 worth of life insurance, premium particularly convenient terms, the free for the entire year of 1977. Ukrainian National Association has "After the lapse of one year, dues extended its special holiday offer should be paid for the 56,000 worth of through January 1977, announced protection and the holder will receive a UNA's Organizing Department. dividend from the 56,000 sum. if any The youth enrollment program, im– person, having taken advantage of this plemented by the Supreme Executive offer, is unable to pay dues for the Committee for the month of December 56,000, he or she can lower the amount and now extended through January of of protection to 53,000." the new year, entails acquisition of one in extending the offer through Jan– of four UNA protection plans as a gift uary of this new year, the UNA Execu– by parents or grandparents for children tive Committee again called on all aged 6 weeks to 15 years. adults to avail themselves of this special in a letter mailed out to all Svoboda offer, interested persons are asked to subscribed in early December, the UNA contact local Branch secretaries or write specified the terms of the special offer. directly to the UNA Home Office at 30 Bohdan and Maria Pidlusky, former long-time residents of New York and New Jersey, "All Ukrainian youths, aged 6 weeks Montgomery Street, Jersev City, N.J. where they spent many an active year in various Ukrainian organizations, revisited their for– to 15 years, who during December– 07303. mer stomping grounds, traveling all the wasy down from Maine, their current domicile. As reported earlier, Mr. Pidlusky is secretary of newly founded UNA Branch 181 in Maine, which already has a total of 34 members. The couple, accompanied by their son Adrian, visited the UNA and Svoboda premises Monday, December 28, and discu^ed wn.c aspects І)" the budding community life in Maine with executive officer^ тій editors Mr ?fdki^b Join the UNA— Djllinedsufni ofthe^an– :ci ^ЬкФепс^Ь founded Branch's r'.embers'v ' r "^^n^ у trdT and voiced hope f Las !!K !?" JUKL WW become the n i':hm - 4' о-;ї 1 ЇЯО K ^ гьі:.^ L':– Y And Read The Ukrainian Weekly 'hat поіпеаз1 ч-'s Па о. РЬ і., іЛ - yf^s, seated, let ". uji'. v ^ w:„ ^' ;; ^I– ." еешрІеЧ son Adrian, and Sup^ns^ T?t^urts L!ana П'ІОЇЇА, 4шп1і^; vf f,– ,?;fcf", -^ 1 A : :u^SSSSSSSSS^^^ "jpremeSt .'.^v. "r -^i "'- P'-n^sky. air! s vr^ - ,4jr- -' ^ ' ^. No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY І б, І 977 5 CeSUS Plans Hamilton Mayor Lauds Ukrainians Parley in Toronto For Preserving Heritage TORONTO, Ont.–The World Con– HAM1LTON, Ont. (H.S.)-Mayor Jack Ukrainian production, he extended warm and its Women's Council, and these indivi– ference of Ukrainian Students (CeSUS) MacDonald, one of many distinguished thanks to the "Chaika" ensemble for the gifts duals: Mr. and Mrs. Roman Cholowsky, citizens who attended the Hamilton Philhar– he received - a goose egg "pysanka", a copy has scheduled a plenary session of its Mr. and Mrs. Frank Martyniuk, Mr. and monic Symphony's Ukrainian Evening, told of Canadian artist William Kurelek's book Mrs. Peter Melnyk, Mr. and Mrs. Morris J. governing organs for the weekend of guests at a festive post-concert reception "Kurelek's Canada," and a "Dudarik" print Perozak, Mr. and Mrs. Harry Romano and January 15-16, 1977, at the secretariat Sunday, December 12, it is evident that the by American artist Thomas Shepko depict– Mr. and Mrs. Morris Roscoe, all of Hamil– of the World Congress of Free Ukrain– preservation of the Ukrainian cultural ing a handsome Hutsul playing the "duda" ton, Dr. and Mrs. Andrew Michalchuk of ians here. heritage in Canada is "a labor of love from (Ukrainian bagpipes). Brantford, and Mr. and Mrs. William Expected to attend are members of every parent to every child." Copies of "Kurelek's Canada" also went Sametz of Toronto. the executive, auditing and arbitration Mr. MacDonald, who took office on to Messrs. Klun and Lawryshyn, along with The "Chaika" Performing Ensemble is a boards, and presidents of the member January 2 as mayor of this city of 375,000, enlarged photos by Lew Taskey showing unit of the Junior "Chaika" Cultural and organizations of CeSUS, who are ex spoke in glowing terms of the performance Klun and Lawryshyn at work during the Educational Society, incorporated in 1975 dress rehearsal with the Philarmonic. under the patronage of the Ukrainian officio vice-presidents o f the World of Ukrainian dancers, singers, musicians 4 and concert planners and their part in To each of the assistant dance instructors National Federation of Canada as a Cana– Conference of Ukrainian Students. representing the multiucultural mosaic went a red rose - Christine Disyak, Tom dian charitable organization with a constitu– Topics that are likely to be raised at of Canada. Disyak, Anna Kachmar, Ann Milkovych, tion and by-laws. The Society includes a the session include "Studentskyi vis– Helen Semchyshak, Ola Tkaczuk and Jerry School of Folk Dance and Choir, a Ukrain– nyk", (Student Herald) CeSUS quarter– Mr. MacDonald was introduced by Mrs. Tkaczuk, as well as to assistant conductor ian Language School and a nursery. ly which is now in the final stages of Stephanie Perozak, the energetic general Nila Genyk and choral assistant Alma Bilak. The "Chaika" ensemble has won recogni– preparation for publication of its inau– chairman of the ensemble, who also intro– tion and praise with many appearances in gural issue. This periodical will of duced Philharmonic conductor Boris Brott, Red and white carnations mixed with Canada and the U.S., including a benefit "Chaika" choregrapher Jaroslaw Klun and sprigs of pine greens and stalks of wheat necessity appear in the Ukrainian performance for the Ukrainian Bicentennial music director Zenon Lawryshyn. Gifts were formed a seasonal centerpiece for the buffet Committee of Western Pennsylvania, in the language, since that is the only official presented to all three men in acknowledge– table, covered with a richly-embroidered Hamilton area "Chaika" has appeared at language of CeSUS, which has member ment of their work in making the Ukrainian .linen cloth baked delicacies. many ethno-culturai functions entertaining organizations in non-English speaking Evening a successful event. The reception was hosted by the "Chaika" thousands of people. countries. The "Student Herald" will Mr. Brott said he felt "a great rapport" Performing Ensemble's Board of Directors The majority of "Chaika" members come constitute the first attempt at a student with Ukrainians because his Jewish forbears together with the Hamilton branches of the from this city's Ukrainian population of periodical for all Ukrainian students in had lived in Ukraine. Ukrainian National Federation, the Ukrain– 12,000, but a number hail from nearby the free world. Great costs are involved Noting that he had enjoyed working with ian Professional and Businessmen's Asso– towns and municipalities and some from St. in this endeavor since some six to eight Ukrainians in planning and rehearsing the ciation, the Ukrainian Canadian Committee Catharines and Toronto. thousand copies of the "Herald" must be mailed. University students will not be the only ones to receive the quarterly, Hierarchs Stress Faith Four issues of "The Ukrainian as it will appear as a four page insert in "The Ukrainian Weekly", with reprints in Talks to Ukraine later sent out to individual students. Quarterly" For 1976 Also to be discussed at the Toronto WASHINGTON, N.J.-Faith in a session are the work of the CeSUS brighter future and sustenance symbo– NEW YORK, N.Y. (UCCA Special).-in Quebec"; Joseph S. Roucek, "Neglected Research Commission, preparations lized by the birth of Christ-child was the December 1976 "The Ukrainian Quarterly" Aspests of the Slavs in American Historio– for the opening of the Center for theme of the Christmas messages of completed 32 years of its publication since graphy"; Howland H. Sargeant, "Radio Demographic Analysis of Students Archbishop-Metropolitan Mstyslav, of its founding in the fall of 1944. During that Liberty and Ukraine"; Matthew Stachiw, (CeE)AS) and the financial problems the Ukrainian Orthodox Church in the time hundreds of editorials, articles, book "Ukrainian Religious, Social and Political reviews, pertinent documents, the chronicle which now beset the organization, USA, and of Bishop Basil H. Losten, Organizations in U.S.A. Prior to World and "Ucrainica" items have dealt with all War H," and Wayne Williams, "Ministry severely limiting the effectiveness of the Apostolic Administrator of the Ukrain– ian Catholic Church in the U.S., broad- aspects of Ukraine and Ukrainian people. and Espionage; The YMCA in Ukraine, CeSUS executive's work. cast to Ukraine by the "voice of Ameri– The 1976 issues encompassed a variety of 1915-1918." ca" during the Christmas holidays subjects. There were four editorials, titled, The column "Pertinent Documents" "Our Bi-National Heritage," "The U.S. and January 6-8, 1977. featured Leonid Pliushch's interview in "Le Canadian institute Eastern Europe," "Ukrainians in the U.S.: A As in previous years, the Ukrainian Monde" in Paris, and his testimony before a Beacon of Freedom for Captive Kin in Congressional Committee in Washington; section of the "Уоісе of America" aired Ukraine" and "Quo vadis, America?." All of Offers Scholarships a series of special programs to Ukraine, the letter of Rev. vasyl Romaniuk to Pope them dealt with the problems of Ukraine and Paul vi; Statement of UCCA on the Fiftieth EDMONTON, Alta.–The Cana– focusing on the Christmas holiday Ukrainian life in this country. dian institute of Ukrainian Studies at Anniversary of the Tragic Death of Symon theme. The messages of the hierarchs Fifteen authors from various fields of Petliura; A Plank for an Enlightened U.S. Alberta University here is offering eight were part of the series. specialization contributed articles, among Foreign Policy Toward Eastern Europe and scholarships for graduate students The midnight Liturgy, celebrated by them Prof. Lev E. Dobriansky who wrote the Soviet Union, and Governor Jimmy specializing in Ukrainian or Ukrainian the very Rev. Michael Kuchmiak, four such articles–"Ukraine, Byelorussia Carter's Telegrams to the UCCA Congress. Canadian area studies. CSsR, pastor, at St. John the Baptist and the USA," "imperialism, Religious Other sections of "The Ukrainian Quar– Persecution and Genocide," "Deleted De– Five scholarships in the amount of Ukrainian Catholic Church in Newark, terly" and "Ucrainica in American and S3,500 each are offered for students tente and the Captive Nations" and "The Foreign Periodicals," which contains com– N.J., on December 24th, was subse– Non-Russian Nations Concept in U.S. working on their Master's theses. The quently broadcast to Ukraine during mentaries on references in the U.S. and Foreign Policy". foreign press to Ukraine and Ukrainian sholarships are not renewable. the Christmas holidays celebrated The other authors, in alphabetical order, Three scholarships in the amount of according to the Julian calendar. activities throughout the world, and the and their articles, were as follows: "Chronicle of Current Events," which is S5,000 each are designated for students Michael Buryk, "Agapius Honcharenko: working on their doctoral dissertations. carrying current news among Ukrainians in Portrait of a Ukrainian American Kozak"; the United States, those in the diaspora, that These may ve renewed. To Hold Eastern Rite Stephen S. Chorney: "From the Ems Ukase is, in other countries of the world, and in The scholarships are intended to help to the 25th Congress of the CPSU"; Samuel captive Ukraine itself. graduate students complete their theses P. Oliner, "The Non-Russian Peoples of the USSR: An Unsolved Problem"; Michael S. This section of the UCCA review is or dissertations. Candidates must be Liturgy in Chicago especially vital and important inasmuch as working in such areas as education, Pap, "Ethnicity and Education"; Natalya 1. CHICAGO, iu.,jan. ю.—іп conjunction Pazuniak, "The Contemporary Ukrainian it deals with a great number of books on the history, humanities, law and social with this year's Christian Unity Octave Woman: Her Role in the Resistance Move– USSR, Eastern Europe and U.S. foreign sciences. Students attending universi– observance, the Eastern Rite Liturgy in the ment"; Zenon Pelensky, "The 25th Congress policy, providing cogent criticism. The ties in Canada or any other accredited Byelorussian rite will be celebrated at Holy of the Communist Party of Ukraine"; Mark books reviewed currently are too numerous institution of higher learning beyond its Name Cathedral, 700 N. State Street, Perakh, "Would the Fall of its Empire Be a to be enumerated here, but their reviews borders are elegible for the stipends. Chicago, beginning at 5:15 p.m. on Sunday, Catastrophe for Russia?"; Roman Popadiuk were written by Lev E. Dobriansky, L. Candidates must be Canadian citi– January 16, 1977. "Party-Military Relationship in the Soviet Pavlovych, Roman S. Holiat, Stephan M. Principal celebrant is scheduled to be Rt. Union"; Roman Rakhmanny, "An English Horak, Anthony T. Bouscaren, Christine zens or legal residents of Canada at the Spontak Gina, and John Switalski. time of application. Rev. Archimandrite viadimir Tarasevich, Dilemma of the French Canadians in OSBM, pastor of Christ the Redeemer Applications must be sent in no later Church in Chicago. Members of the Asso– than January 31, 1977, to: Canadian ciation of Eastern Rite Priests of Chicago- institute of Ukrainian Studies, 5-172 Queens Community... land invite people of all faiths to participate (Continued from page 3) Education Building H, University of in prayer for Christian unity. Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2G5. The Byelorussian rite is one of the Eastern' and ruthless suppression of Ukrainian the program. identity and culture. Catholic Churches within the Universal The event is sponsored by the Parish The applications should include a Guest soloists appearing in the program Council of Holy Cross Ukrainian Catholic brief outline (no more than 250 words) Church under the leadership of Pope Paul vi. They share same Liturgical rituals, will be Ewhenia Turiansky, soprano, and Church of Astoria. Proceeds are earmarked of thesis project; curriculum vitae; Ewhen Tytla, tenor. Group participants for renovation of the parish building, which transcripts of grades; names of three customs and traditions as do the faithful of the Eastern Orthodox Christian churches include: Holy Cross Ukrainian Catholic serves the parish as a cultural center and Church choir, directed by Osyp Dlaboha; persons for reference, including that of not under authority of the Holy Father. meeting place for choral and dance groups, Ukrainian Dancers of Astoria, directed by the school of Ukrainian studies, and various thesis supervisor. This year, as in previous years, the Mrs. Elaine Oprysko; the School of Ukrain– Ukrainian organizations of Astoria. The Canadian institute of Ukrainian Christian faithful of Chicagoland are invited ian Folk Ballet, directed by Mrs. Ulana The concert will be followed by a recep– Studies was established last year on the to the Holy Name Cathedral on the day to basis of a government grant of 5350,000 Kunynska-Shmerykowska; the "Young tion and Cocktail Party, honoring Dr. pray for the unity for which Christ Himself Dumka" children's choir, directed by Semen Kuropas at 7:00 p.m. in the Holy Cross annually, it is headed by Prof. Manoly begged: "Father, that they may all be one as Komirny. Wolodymyr Hentisz will emcee Parish Hall at "7-09 31 si Avenue in Aslorh„ Lupul of the University of Alberta. you and 1." 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY їв, 1977 No. 11 EDITORIALS The Burdens of Romance

Our National Holiday by Roman J. Lysniak "...From this day on, the Ukrainian National Republic becomes an independent, subordinated to none, free, sovereign State of the Ukrainian Nation..." Romance has many guises, and to parents most are burdensome, j This excerpt from the Fourth Universal, issued by the Central Rada on that Especially, to the parents of seven daughters, as in the case of Dr. j and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko. memorable day of January 22,1918, in Kiev, reflects both the letter and the spirit of The students of Ukrainian dramatic literature may recall the j our people's declaration of independence, expressing, as it did, the will of the musical comedy of Marko Kropyvnytsky (1840-1910) "Poshylys'v 1 people to be free of alien domination and to chart its own course as a sovereign Durni" (in free translation–"They Were Fooled"), in which two і nation. weii-to-do neighbors somewhere in a Ukrainian village, miller 1 That determination was not merely on paper, as the Ukrainian people launched a Kuksa and blacksmith Dranko, "endowed" with five and seven І strong, defensive effort to preserve the territorial integrity of the new-born marriageable daughters, respectively, try very hard–secretly from j each other—to get their daughters properly married. Republic at a sacrifice of thousands of lives of the nation's best sons and daughters. it seems to us that the problems with romantic life of their seven І Moreover, that determination was translated into the Act of Union of January 22, daughters are no less difficult for Dr. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko, І 1919, when Ukrainians on both sides of the Zbruch River, divided over centuries by present day Ukrainian American parents, than they were for j alien powers, joined once again into a sovereign state, bringing all Ukrainian lands Kropyvnytsky's fathers with their marriageable daughters. under the blue and yellow banner. Let us take case by case, that is daughter by daughter. Romance afflicted the eldest daughter in the form of secretive– І The Fourth Universal was also the last freely voiced pronouncement of the ness. For hours on end she shut herself up in her room, (luckily for 1 Ukrainian people and as such it remains an eradicable legacy, a righful claim, a her, Dr. Kuksa-Dranko could afford a house with a seperate room for each of the daughters), supreme ideal until its ultimate consummation. looking for hours at photos of her dear one. She borrowed some change to rush out to a pay it is for these reasons that Ukrainians across the free world observe the days of phone lest the house line be tapped. And for further security she took, whenever possibly, to January 22nd not as a recollection of freedom reborn and lost, but as a just claim to meeting the mailman at the door. Dr. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko were new to this game then, otherwise they might indeed be restaked again. The evidence is all too ample that this is the case in present-day have engaged the services of a psychiatrist if it had not been for the excellent spy service Ukraine as well. provided by her younger sisters. This alone enabled the parents to keep their equilibrium in the United States, Ukrainian Americans will observe this anniversary for the when, on day, a strange young man with a beard approached the good doctor with: "May І 23rd consecutive year with established ceremonies of mayoral and gubernatorial have a word with you, sir?" proclamations, flag-raisings at city halls and state capitols, statements in the U.S. "A word about what?" testily inquired Dr. Kuksa-Dranko. Nowadays, of course, he pops his ears like an old war-horse at the very mention of "May І Congress, concerts and other programs. na,c n word with you, sir?" and replies gently, "But of course, young man!" in recent years, however, following a WCFU appeal in 1974, Ukrainians in this But 1 have digressed. country have added a most salutary dimension to what is our national holiday: The second daughter was the extrovert type. Dr. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko's large house some schools and community institutions are being closed, some businessmen, rang with what he said, what she said, and what they said. Parents were called constantly for risking loss of revenue, are closing their establishments displaying appropriate advice—they always gave it—most of it different and none of it ever taken. And sighs of the anti-climax affeted the whole household when the engagement was finally approved. designations explaining their reasons for doing so. Daughter No. 3 was the "could not say 'No' type" and was always getting engaged. But To be sure, unanimity in this respect is yet to be attained. We have repeatedly when it came to sending back the ring by registered mail, the good "Mama" had to trot to the stressed the importance of celebrating January 22nd on January 22nd, regardless of post office. the day of the week, as a manifestation of our presence here and of our people's Dr. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko's fourth daughter was full of romantic nations flavored with plight there. We feel it is a matter of our self-respect as a community and a people. realism—thnit and frugality, bhe motored, during her winter vacation trom college to And most importantly, if we want others to respect us—and certainly we do—we Florida with one young man on a motorbicycle. She said to her mother: "Think of the air fare І save. Also no board and lodgings to pay, 1 will stay with his uncle and aunt. must respect ourselves first. And when the young man's attentions became too pressing, she thumbed a lift back to New This year January 22nd falls on a Saturday, which means that schools will be York with yet another young man. She had, however, No. 2 daughter's extrovertness closed,any way. But that does not mean that our children should not take part in regarding "what he said, what she said, what they said", coupled with a strong inclination flag-raising ceremonies, or religious services, or any other appropriate activities toward her oldest sister's secrecy when it came to the young man she intended to, and finally that expound on the significance of the January 22nd date. And the adult sector did, marry. This in many ways was the most difficult of all for Dr. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko. They met would do well to set an example for our young people, it is a great and relevant date son-in-law No. 4 for the first i:me after the couple was officially engaged, and you can guess in our history. Let us celebrate it as such. the awkwardness that entafed on all parts. The disturbed parents, however, were assured that it was "the thing to do" dt that time. Both parties of the first part begged her parents "to be with it", whatever it meant. Harvard Project–Next Priority Currently daughter No. 5 and No. 6- the twins–are just starting down the romance road. The slightly elder twin is being dated by a faceless (his long hair covers everything), Forgotten though it may have been, the observance of Ukraine's independence (Continued on page 13) proclamation nine years ago had a glorious dimension, it was on January 22,1968, that Harvard University president Nathan Pusey announced the establishment of the chair of Ukrainian history at that prestigious institution of higher learning, it was not by accident that the date coincided with the observance of the 50th Through The Sunny Balkans anniversary of Ukraine's freedom reborn. Five years later to the day, Dr. Pusey's successor, Derek C. Bok, announced the by lrene M. Trotch establishment of three chairs of Ukrainian studies at Harvard, after a dramatic (Last summer a group of 42 Ukrainian youths from the United States embarked on a tour fund-drive that saw the Ukrainian community respond with unprecedented gene– of Western Europe, visiting places of general interest as well as some of the Ukrainian rosity. it was the 55th anniversary of Ukrainian independence proclamation. centers. Tour organizer was Damian Lishchynsky of Newark, N.J: Some of the highlights of in an obvious show of confidence in the strength and understanding of the the tour are given in this travelogue penned by Miss Trotch). Ukrainian community, Dr. Bok subsequently announced the establishment of the (3) Ukrainian Research institute, even though funding for that phase of the entire І was assigned to a Back to San Marco and down the square with room with four other project had only started. The institute has been functioning since that time and the the Doges' Palace on the left and another band girls. We have a huge and outdoor cafe to the right - toward the recent symposium on Ukrainians in America is but one successful upshot of its window which opens promenade along the Grande Canal. Here we work. up over a narrow ca– turned left and into another crowd of people, all nal below. The some– walking, talking, looking at what the street vend– While monies for the final phase of the project have been coming in, the what unpleasant ordor ors had to offer - (mostly costume jewelry), and Ukrainian Studies Fund is still some 1 million dollars short of the required sum for of the water ascended watching the boats and gondolas on the Grande what will be the Center of Ukrainian Studies. And while we did not meet the up into our room, as it Canal and other channels. did into everyone elses. deadline in 1976, the Harvard administration has been quite magnanimous, We just walked to what 1 believe to have been Ah, well, one gets a theater (a massive white marble building) and understanding and cooperative. used to most anything then turned back toward the square, met some We feel that the date of January 22nd, more than symbolically connected with after a while. other members of our group and sat down with We left our things our project at Harvard, is a good launching point for the completion of its funding, them by the band across from the Doges' Palace. in the room and went As we were sampling some delicious italian ice in more than one way, the project will be a lasting and meaningful attestation of up to the third floor to cream, a whole group of back-packers was just Ukrainianism in America. eat supper. We had settling down for the night under the pillared soup, rolls, some kind archway of the palacial edifice. of meat floating irene M. Trotch After about 20 minutes, Sonia and 1 went back around in an unbe– D,,kl!^b D^M^M П-^ x Л J. l m if л - t L , , . . to the hotel. Before going to bed, our clocks had rUUllSn rdOerS ГГеЗеПіеи at LaSa Є SvmDOWUm hevableamomt of ori,stniigbeans, and apcach to be set forward one hour as we had crossed into w7 і f^ vs^i w u і tor dessert. another time zone durings the longe day'dav's drive. Thursday, August 5, 1976 PHILADELPHIA, Pa.–"The ukrain– government and the Ukrainian Catholic After supper, Barbara T., Sonia P. and 1 went The members of my room were awakened by ian Catholic Church: 1945-1975," a collec– Church, the vatican and the Ukrainian for a walk. We found the Piazza de San Marco Mr. Lishchynsky at 7:20 (by our own request) so tion of works presented at a recent sympo– Catholic Church, and the Ukrainian Catho– where there was a fair amount of people enjoying that each of us would have time to take a shower sium held at LaSalle, has been published by lie Church and Eastern spirituality. the night air and music. (No drizzle anymore). and wash our hair before breakfast. The shower The book features some of the most There were two string bands playing on the left and the W.C (water closet) were down the hall to the St. Sophia Religious Association of the left. І went first. Ukrainian Catholics. prominent scholar-theologians in the world side of the square and one on the right. Tables including Jaroslav Pelikan (Yale Univer– and chairs were arranged around them and wait– The shower room was very small and there was ers served food and drink. We did not stay here, no place to put anything like a robe and towel The 162-page collection, edited by La– sity), victor J. Pospishil (Manhattan Col– but walked farther through some busy and some without getting them wet. 1 put the towel on the Salle College faculty members, Miroslav lege), Michael Bourdeaux (Keston College, not so busy alleys. Seeing that we were being fol– doorhandle anyway but placed my robe outside Labunka and Dr. Leonid Rudnytzky, is Kent, England), and Petro B.T. Bilaniuk lowed by three italianos, we decided we had the door on a small couch. Luckily it was still there divided into three sections - the Soviet (University of Toronto). better turn back! (Continued on page 11) No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY іб, 1977 7

Harvard Honors Ukrainians in America

Symposium on deep Eastern European wisdom is: Don't Ukrainian-Americans trust anybody." A further feature of the Eastern European Harvard University's Ukrainian Research ^ mentality, claimed Professor Novaks is that institute celebrated the American Г "One doesn't have to believe it is possible Bicentennial by sponsoring a symposium to change the world in order to act in a on the Ukrainian immigration to the United humane and reasonable and decent and States, December 2-5, 1976. Conceived and dignified way." organized by Edward Kasinec, the sympo– Novak then turned to the self-hatred of sium featured a distinguished group of East Europeans, noting how they are not sociologists, historians and other noted shunted into academic careers, how they speakers. Prominent among the speakers are not meant to be articulate or verbal. He were Michael Novak, philosopher, Nathan pointed to the lack of Slavic names in the Glazer, sociologist, and Jack Palance, actor. literature of the United States, and to the The Harvard symposium received wide ignorance and condescension displayed by coverage in all Boston daily newspapers the media when discussing East and on local radio and television stations. Europeans. Jack Palance made a guest appearance on in a related vein, Professor Novak Boston's "Good Day" program, Friday, De– discussed the differentiated power of cember 3. On Saturday, December 4, station ethnic groups. Not all groups, he said, WCVB-TV ran a special half-hour program have the same power and prestige, which is entitled "The Ukrainians," in which born out by the statistics for education, members of the Harvard Ukrainian Research housing, and income. Blacks and women institute discussed the origins of the are in a better position than East Ukrainian community in Boston. The Europeans. Professor Novak viewec this as symposium was also featured in the pages "a fantastic double standard." "if you figure of the Christian Science Monitor and in the the number of blacks in the state of broadcasts of "voice of America." Pennsylvania and then look at these who in addition to scholarly discussions on a are students and faculty and staff people, number of specialized topics, numerous The banquet held on Saturday evening at the Harvard Law School in honor of the donors for you can say there is a de facto state of cultural events and exhibits displayed the tne endowment of the Harvard Ukrainian Research institute. More than 140 people were in discrimination, if you total up the number of breadth of the Ukrainian cultural heritage in attendance, in addition to Professor Novak's address, the program featured a six-course women, the same thing will be said. But the United States. On Friday, December 3, French dinner and a program of classical music by a string quartet, followed by dancing to thirty percent of the people of Pennsylvania an overflow crowd was entertained by viennese waltzes of Strauss and Lehar. are Eastern European, and І assure you that touching films produced by Slavko Nowyt– not thirty percent of the people in the sky, poetry read by Jack Palance, and university are Eastern European. But, if you Ukrainian dances performed by Maria Before the jndjvidua, js conscious of who bring that point up, people will say, 'Well, MagocsiandHardyMargos.an.Thel.brar.es he . he js bej sh d b ts and they must not want to go to the university'." of Harvard University also contributed to grandparents. They pass ethnicity on Previously, said Professor Novak, East the documentation of the cultural heritage unconsciously. They pass on ways of Europeans had not thought about where of Ukrainians in immigration The Houghton ,ookjng at the world and these are the they stood politically and socially, ihe new Ll r ry ) Rare B 0kS and Manu cri ethnicity can help in this. "Ethnic aware– t u i L l c1 f R ? fundamental elements of culture." ness is not a matter of pride, it is simply a exhibited the early Slavic manuscripts in its Professor Novak stressed, however, that collection, while W.dener Library displayed thjs new ethnicity is not a triba, ethnicity, matter of trying to find out accurately what is happening, what is the truth." a selection of its holdings dealing with „We can!t back tQ bejng trjba, A , history, culture and generation ago, you could grow up in neigh– One of the problems for the future, con– sociology. borhoods in New York or Cleveland, or tinued Professor Novak, is that cf group entitlement. East Europeans, he said, are At least 350 interested persons attended rever, and never pjaJnSj Georgjaj or whe being asked to bear the whole weight of the the lectures and related events held in Cam– meet anybody outside your ethnic group." bridge and Boston. ln modernity, explained Professo- - r Novak, we history of slavery. A third generation of East assimilate from others and learn from them. Europeans is not going to college in suffi– "You don't have to be Jewish to have cient numbers, because priorities are being The New Ethnicity hutzpah. it can be learned. You don't have to given to other minorities, like women and be black to have soul. The beauty of being blacks. Novak expressed opposition to quota systems, but added that, if they are to On Saturday evening, December 4, an American is that we have the opportunity exist, then they must be across the board. Michae„11W11^wli Novak,,www..,, Watson-Ledde..^^„.. -,---.–n Distin-.-... – to learn from one another and to adapt from guished Professor of Religion at Syracuse one another's behavior those elements that This, of course, is an impossible situation. University, addressed a banquet at Harvard strike us or that we like or that suit us, and He warned that "The country is rushing into University honoring the donors for the yet to remain ourselves." something without having thought through endowment of the Harvard Ukrainian Professor Novak then mentioned the its implications." Research institute. His remarks comple– need to be true to one's inner feelings: in concluding, Professor Novak remarked mented the historical and sociological "Every Eastern European, male and female, that the development of East Eurooeans in sessions of the Symposium, providing as you know, has the moral obligation to get America will have importance for East Euro– moral and psychological insights into the angry three times a day. There are people in peans everywhere. "Public opinion in the new ethnicity. Professor Novak was the U.S. who will pay S120 for a weekend to United States can not go on forever being introduced by lhor Sevcenko, Professor of learn how to scream, yell, shout, cry. if you outraged by assaults on human rights in Classics Harvard University. are born Ukrainian, or Jewish, or ltalian you South Africa and in Rhodesia without at the Professor Novak opened his talk with the get that free." Whole ranges of emotions, same time and with the same passion being following remarks: "l am extremely happy according to Novak, are open to some outraged by assaults on human rights in the Ukraine and the rest of Eastern Europe." He and honored to share this evening with you, people, but closed to others. The new expressed the belief that "Sooner or later, because all over ihe country many of us ethnicity, however, lets us be ourselves and Professor Michael Novak speaking on eth– the Eastern European part of the popula– from various Eastern European respect other possibilities, but, above all, to tion, numbering 20,000,000 members, is backgrounds, and Southern European be faithful to insights which are different, nicity. going to become more and more politically backgrounds, and many other backgrounds, These, explained Novak, constitute the conscious of its role in the United States hold in very high esteem what you have sources of morality. time. The world was going to have a bad ending. You can't have been brought up in and in the world." done here, what the Ukrainian Americans Professor Novak continued: "About This new consciousness, Novak said, have done. You have been, through your fifteen percent of the population is Anglo- Eastern Europe and not know that the world was going to end badly. When, you are not would provide pressure on the elite in the achievements here, a kind of model for American. There isn't any vast mainstream sure, l'm exaggerating a little, but nothing media and in Washington, if this had hap– many others besides yourselves. And what that the rest of us have to join, it is a nation good has happened in Eastern Europe for pened earlier, the course of histcry might you have done serves not only yourselves, de up of people from all over the planet, ma 1,000 years. We are only happy when thmgs have been changed: "it seems to me so but serves all of us, and we shall, І hope, Not a hurricane, not an earthquake, not a look bad. The grimmer it looks, the more in dear - l'm not an expert in these matters God willing, in the future be imitating what tidal wave, not a revolution, not a civil war, touch with reality we feel." by any means - that, if the Amer can elite you have done here. І really thank you very n happen on this planet except that it ca America, said Novak, is going to have to had had a different sort of concern with deeply for that, and for inviting me to share involves American families." From this, he get rid of this false consciousness. "We do Eastern Europe, if they felt that Eastern the moment with you." concluded, one would think that the people not even allow to emerge into conscious– Europe was really part of their turf, part of He then proposed to discuss three sub– 0f the United States would be the most Г their kinship in the 30's and 40's, then the . „ . Г. . . . r. „– . . . ^ - І J ... li ..– 11.. ^...-.., л Л ^ ,J 4-1-.Л ГМІ-NOf nesse the insights and intuitions which are in jec s: ehn city in the future world, multl-culturally aware, and the most " ^h^ map of Eastern Europe would be very America's deficiencies in the way іi t treats sensitive. "The United States is,- as .. .were , touch with realty And what the Urn ed ))T States is going to need, if we are moving different today." its own ethnic pluralism, and some tasks for the nervous system of the planet, l his, ne into an era in which nature has limits, in in closing, Professor Novak reiterated the future. added, is where the United States system which we recognize that there can not what the new ethnicity means: "Well, the Professor Novak noted that the ethnic breaks down, always be progress, if we are moving into an time is coming in the United States, when a factor is becoming the dominant force in Professor Novak then discussed the way era in which we recognize that whoever has quietly growing and aware sense of our world affairs. He pointed to the various jn which America treats its ethnic groups, power is involved in great tragedy, then obligation to our brothers and sisters national liberation movements around the with regard to the ethnic immigration, he America is gradually going to acquire, if І overseas is going to become more and more world and the efforts to make state remarked "America may be celebrating its may put it in this way, an Eastern European apparent through an increasingly higher boundaries correspond with the boundaries bicentennial. Most of us, most Americans, consciousness, it is going to have to learn educated and self conscious and, in a of culture. are barely celebrating our centennial in this to live with limits; it is going to have to learn certain sense, more authentically in-touch– Connected with this new ethnicity, he country." in view of this recent past, to live with tragedy, and with irony. The with-itself Eastern European popjlation in added is a dissatisfaction with certain Professor Novak expressed a sadness at dream of innocence of this new world is the United States. So, what we are doing aspects of modernity. "Modernity promised the incredible ignorance of most citizens going to have to be outgrown." here, Г believe, has great importance both that becoming modern would make people concerning their past, adding that he Professor Novak then commented on the for our understanding of America and the more humane more moral, but it didn't. The himself had not been prepared for his return similarity between the American system of vision and the dream it represents, the kind revolt against modernity is a search for a to his homeland of Slovakia. Most checks and balances and the East European of pluralism of which it is a model for the source of moral vision." This means, ac– Americans, he said, are characterized by an mentality: "At one point the Founding world, and for the relations of the United cording to Novak, that people are turning ignorance of the culture that shaped them, Fathers were very Eastern European. They States with the rest of the world. We have to their own traditions in an attempt to find a false consciousness of themselves, and a wrote in the Constitution, with a deep sense received, we who are immigrants, we who morality. self-hatred. This ignorance is true even of of human evil worthy of Dostoevsky or are refugees, great gifts from the United To illustrate this, Professor Novak dis– educated people, Tolstoy, something which all the rest of States, and what the new ethnicity means is cussed how all originality and creativity This false consciousness, continued America has since forgotten, the fact that that it is now time that we begin to pay come from the depths of the self. As people Professor Novak, leads to the inability to human beings are inerradicably untrust– these gifts back, to make our own kind of are forced to ask "Who am l, how shall І articulate one's true feelings. To iMustrate worthy. it is not true that you can't trust contributions to the lives, the ideas, the live'?" they are led to ask "Who are we?" the Eastern European mentality that is in people over thirty, it is more true that you temper, the values, the morality, and the "The individual does not create himself, but touch with reality, Novak cited the example can't trust people under thirty, either. A vision of the United States." is shaped by a culture that is much older. Qf his grandmother: "She knew it all the No. 11 8 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY іб, 1977

Historical Origins of Ukrainian-American Ethnic Consciousness

The Harvard Ukrainian Research institute brought together several outstanding his– torians of the Ukrainian immigration for the symposium on the Ukrainian experience in the United States. The speakers included Dr. Oscar Handlin, Carl M. Pforzheimer Uni– versity Professor at Harvard University; Dr. Myron Kuropas, Special Advisor for Ethnic Affairs to the President of the United States; Wsewolod lsajiw, Associate Pro– fessor of Sociology at the University of Toronto; Dr. Bohdan Procko, Professor of History at villanova University; and Dr. Paul R. Magocsi, Associate Editor of the Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. All of these scholars attempted to explain the interrelationship between the Ukrainian rmmigration to the United States and the development of a Ukrainian ethno-national consciousness. They all were concerned with the basic question: How did Ukrainian ethno-national consciousness develop in the face of continual conflicts within the community and external pressure for greater assimilation into American society? None of the historical papers presented at the four-day symposium was solely Oscar Handlin, distinguished Harvard pro– Knyha о postnychestvi by Saint Basilius (1594), a gift of Dr. lhor Galarnyk, Mr. and Mrs. lvan intended to enhance Ukrainian national fessor, introduces Dr. Myron Kuropas, Zapuchlak, and Mr. and Mrs. Osyp Zapuchlak. This is the oldest manuscript from the two pride. As Oscar Handlin, dean of American Special Assistant to the President of the exhibits devoted to Ukrainian immigration and cultural heritage at Harvard's Houghton immigration studies, stated in his address United States for Ethnic Affairs. Library of Rare Books and Manuscripts and Widener Library. to the conference on December 3,

"Ethnic studies should not be aimed merely toward the raising of group pride. instead, students of ethnic groups should attempt to raise the group's understanding of the causes of its achievements as well as its defeats." began to leave organized Ukrainian-American discussed the problems inherent in the Ukrainian ethno-national consciousness. Myron B. Kuropas: life behind them and to drift further and fur– compilation of such an encyclopedia. Dr. Examining the groups and the conditions ther away from the community. An entire Magocsi first discussed the problem of which formed them, Professor lsajiw tried Development of the generation of potential leaders was lost in defining and restricting the concept to discover whether they had contributed the aftermath of the turmoil." "Ukrainian" to include those who "first and either to the assimilation of individuals into Ukrainian-American Following the Second World War. the foremost identify themselves as such. They the society at large or to the development Community Ukrainian-American community benefited may or may not speak the language, but will and preservation of an ethnically conscious from the infusion of new blood in the form probably belong to a Ukrainian church, Ukrainian community. To do this, he found The assistant to the President of the of a fresh wave of immigrants. "Finding a fraternal society or other organization." it necessary to differentiate between an United States for Ethnic Affairs investigated severely weakened Ukrainian-American Another problem mentioned by Magocsi organized and disorganized ethnic com– those developments which furthered and community after the war, the new involves determining the number of immi– munity. those which retarded the increase of Ukrain– emigration, which was almost wholly grants. Until 1898 the Bureau of immigration ian ethno-national awareness in the immi– nationalistic in orientation, established its only recorded the immigrants' country of "An organized ethnic community is one gration. Examining the history of the various own organizations and then proceeded ef– origin. Only in 1899 did the Bureau begin to whose associations show a viable member- regions of Ukraine prior to the mass emi– fectively to take over the leadership of the collect statistics on the mother tongue of ship, and one which is able to differentiate gration, he found that "the masses were old-line Ukrainian-American organizations." each immigrant, including "Rutheniany its associations or activities in associations neither conscious of their national heritage Rusnak." in 1910 the United States Bureau in such a manner as to embrace the varia– nor were they prepared to exercise their Bohdan P. Procko: of the Census also began to designate the tions in interests and values of all those national will." The "sense of self" of the native tongue of the citizens, but other segments of the community which retain an early immigrant "was limited to an identi– Origins of Ethnic Awareness lacunae complicate the process of identity with it." fication with his village or, at best, a vague determining the number of emigrants from geographic region, and a religio-cultural in his presentation, Professor Procko ,the various regions of Ukraine and the On the other hand an ethnic community can heritage which, despite centuries of foreign focused upon the early writings of Father number of Ukrainian immigrants in the become disorganized, oppression, remained a primary symbol of Gregory Hrushka, founder and first owner of United States at any given point in time. "... when its membership loses its viabil– ethno-cultural unity." the newspaper Svoboda. Unlike the other Turning to the role of the church in the ity andfor its associates fail ю articulate the According to Dr. Kuropas, community life speakers at the Symposium, who examined life of the Ukrainian community, Dr. Magocsi interests and values of large proportions of in the United States began for Ukrainians organizations and organizational work for covered briefly the controversial aspects the community members." with the arrival of clergy from the various evidence of the development of ethnic which make the history of the church consciousness, Professor Procko The unique aspect of Professor lsajiw's regions of Ukraine. "Under the leadership of difficult to write. His thesis was that "the approach was his assumption that the the clergy, three ethno-national streams investigated the works of one of the church has been both a unifying and a di– members of "the tiny elite segment with a emergence and existence of the various eventually emerged to compete for the visive force in the life of the Ukrainian high level of ethnic awareness . . ." Father organizations in the history of the Ukrainian loyalty of the Rusin community - the Hun– immigration." garian-dominated "Uhro-Rusin' Catholic Hrushka's works in Svoboda seem to the community has been dependent upon and author to reveal that "the systematic Dr. Magocsi reviewed the attitudes and defined by factors both internal and stream, the Russian dominated Orthodox relationships which existed between stream, and the Catholic-dominated attempt to arouse . . . ethnic awareness" external to the ethnic community. He began in 1893. Ukrainians and other immigrants and viewed "ethnic associations" as Ukrainian stream. Of all emigrants who between the Ukrainian-American community arrived from Ukraine between 1876 and Most of Procko's presentation was "... community structures which have been o and society at large. He quoted the early established and persist as a response to the 1914, approximately 40 7o remained Rusin in devoted to an analysis of Father Hrushka's historian of the immigration, Julian Bachyn– ethno-cultural orientation, 20o7o became non-ethnic environment, i.e., as a response use of terms denoting ethnic awareness. skyi, who wrote that "the immigrants live 'Russians,'while 40o7o became'Ukrainian.' " " 'We are Rusyny,' he wrote. Unfortunately, to the structure and culture of the society at beyond the public life of American society." large, rather than simply as something Prior to 1914, the institutions most instru– however, the confusion concerning the Dr. Magocsi stated that "such a stance can explainable only by factors internal to the mental in the Ukrainianization of the Rusin identity of the Ukrainian immigrants contin– in large measure be explained by what community." American were the Catholic Church and the ued to persist . . ." Because he sometimes might be called the respect-disdain syn– Ruthenian National Association, a fraternal transliterated "Rusyn" into English as drome (of many immigrantsj toward Unlike other historians, who have divided benefit society founded in 1893. Catholic "Russian," "the identity of the Ukrainian American life. On the one hand, Ukrainians, immigrants was unintentionally miscon– the history of the Ukrainian immigration priests were prominent in both. like all immigrants, could not help but be strued for the American reader by Hrushka into three or four periods, Professor lsajiw "With the arrival of more and more immi– impressed by the achievements and general grant priests from Galicia, and with the himself." found only two distinct periods, with the sense of freedom and vitality in this highly dividing line being World War 11. This period– continued growth of every available vehicle Many of Father Hrushka's clearest and industrialized society. (On the other hand,) of social communication - the Church, the most eloquent essays are on the ization was determined by "the type and the fact that in America change . . . was a character of organizations which have press, reading rooms, youth organizations independent identity of the Ukrainian way of life must have been disconcerting to and cultural enterprises - the (Catholic people. For example, in May 1895 he stated developed in the two periods." Prior to the the Ukrainian psyche. (Many Ukrainians) Second World War. community differentia– clergyj was able to hold its own against that "Today twenty-eight million Ukrainians tried and to a large degree succeeded in further gains by the Russian and Uhro- proclaim in one voice to civilized Europe tion "produced organizations of both creating their own world, which (was) expressive and instrumental character." Rusin camps and to pave the way for the that they are a distinct nation from the bounded by the parameters of their establishment of an ethno-nationaily Poles and the Muscovites, and that they The various church congregations were churches, fraternal organizations, and primarily expressive organizations in that conscious Ukrainian community." have their own glorious history, their own Ukrainian-language newspapers." Subsequently, the Ukrainian community language, their own literature, and, they were the nuclei for ethnic educational, was splintered by internal chutch conflicts although they are today in slavery, never– Wsevolod W. lsajiw: cultural, and social life. However, the and external ideological factions. During theless. they know who has the truth, who numerous organizations formed to further the war and inter-war years, socialist, com– has been wronged, and whose children they the economic and social security of their munist, and monarchist Ukrainian groups are ..." Organizational History of members also had a fraternal character. competed for adherents among various Ukrainians in America Following World War 11, however, a new segments of the Ukrainian community. Paul R. Magocsi: wave of immigrants "introduced a com– These debates were "very damaging to the Problems of the Ukrainian Professor lsajiw focused his attention pletely different set of organizations into well-being of the total community .. . Amer– upon the seemingly contradictory the Ukrainian-American community." "The ican-born Ukrainian youths were never able immigration coexistence of numerous Ukrainian new immigrant community has established to fully comprehend the relevance of the organizations and groups with particular virtually no instrumental organizations." Dr. Magocsi, Associate Editor of The debates. Disillusioned, they gradually and sometimes conflicting interests and in the period prior to World War 11, the Harvard Encyclopedia of Ethnic Groups, the simultaneous development of a general most visible types of organizations to No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY І 6,1977 9

Ukrainian Culture in America develop were either church-related or Professor Grabowicz then commented on fraternal-mutual benefit in character. These An Evening of Film, the great number of publications and chan– groups were differentiated first by Poetry and Dance nels for this poetry, adding that such regionalism, which demonstrated that the plenitude sometimes shows an absence of Ukrainian people had not been integrated During the four-day Symposium, a series critical control. into one community before emigration, and of Ukrainian cultural events was held. On He then proposed to classify Ukrainian by sectarianism, which arose as the Friday evening, December 3, there was a poets published in the United States not by churches struggled to adjust to the various night of Ukrainian films, poetry, and dances. their literary direction or their type of religious and social problems encountered Film Director Slavko Nowytsky screened poetry, but by their generation. Genera– after immigration to the United States. This three of his films and discussed their origin tions, he added, are not determined solely regional segmentation and sectarian and significance. The first film, Sheep in by the poet's age, but by the time which fragmentation was the result of factors Wood, illustrated the art of Jacques Hniz– influenced him, that is, when he began to internal and external to the Ukrainian com– dowsky, showing the painstaking process write and publish. Professor Grabowicz munity itself. For example, the Carpatho– by which he creates his renowned wood- found three such periods. Ruthenian and Galician conflict was not block prints of sheep and rams. The second The first period embraces those poets only related to actual differences between film, Pysanky, depicted the Ukrainian tradi– who began writing and publishing before elements of the Ukrainian people, but to the tion of decorating Easter eggs, poetically the Second World War. it includes such fact that American' society as a whole linking it with the myth of the rebirth of the poets as Maleniuk, Kravc'hiv, Qrest, created no urgent need for unity between sun. The third film was entitled Reflections Os'machka, Barka, and Lesych, most of the two groups. of the Past. Combining wistful folk songs, whom have published several collections of Likewise, religious fragmentation within ' poignant reminiscences of surviving immi– poetry in the United States. With few ex– the Catholic Church was related not only to grants, and pertinent still photographs with ceptions, claimed Grabowicz, their poetry internal regional differences, but to at least scenic shots of the settled land, this film demonstrates no new directions. There is a four sets of factors deriving from the provided an impressionistic history of the nearly total absence of development in their structure of American society. These Ukrainian immigration to Canada. work. They maintain the same forms and factors which impinged upon the Ukrainian Following the films, Jack Palance gave a Jack Palance, the poet. themes, for example, the opposition of the church from the American context were: (1) poetry reading. Mr. Palance not only read new (city) versus the old (country), in Grabo– the complete dependence of the churcn selections from the Ukrainian poet, lvan wicz's opinion, "Stasis is made into a positive value." upon the support of its parishioners; (2) the Drach, but also displayed his own talent as fact that (until 1924) the parish clergy served a poet. The Ukrainian cultural evening cli– One notable exception to this group was at the will of the parish; (3) the pressure maxed with vivacious renditions of two Kosach. Rather than pining for the old brought to bear upon the Ukrainian clergy Ukrainian dances, which were performed by Ukraine, Kosach depicted the present-day by the American Roman Catholic church Maria Magocsi and Hardy Margosian. Ukraine, creating a confrontation of the (e.g. on the issue of celibacy); and (4) the The Symposium was brought to a close present and the past. He was also the first American Protestant practice of competing late Sunday afternoon with a recital in of his generation to turn to the American for church members - a practice for which Sanders Theater by Eugene Gratovich, vio– world around him for his themes. the Ukrainian Church was not prepared. tinist, and Regis Benoit, pianist. Their pro- The poets in the second period started Moreover, the fraternal organizations gram included works by American and writing during the emigration, 1945-50. Such were made necessary, in part, by the low European composers, and featured the first poets included Zuievs'kyi, Kachurovs'kyi, socio-economic standing unique to the first public performance of Sonata No. 4 by the and O. Tamavs'kyi. As a group, claimed Ukrainian workers. But the beneficial organ– Ukrainian composer Borys Liatoshynsky. Grabowicz, they were not particularly re– izations also grew out of the desire of the markable. in many respects they were similar to the older group, sharing their members to attain the goals held by many thematic and formal conservatism. They Americans - home ownership and were suspended between two worlds. Pro– financial security. "The beneficial Language and Literature fessor Grabowicz emphasized the fact that organizations, more than any others, articu– The session of the Symposium held on they focused on translations, concluding lated with the process of change of the Sunday, December 4, was devoted to the that this implied a lack of confidence in ethnic status of the Ukrainian group." language and literature of Ukrainians in their own ability. The one exception to this Following World War ll, "most of the America. Professor Bohdan Struminskyj, was Zuievs'kyi, whose poetry was complex organizations of the new immigrants (werej visiting Lecturer in the Department of and polysemist. not church related. They have been either of Slavic Languages at Harvard University, The third period existed from the late 50's an independent character or else have been examined "The Ukrainian Language in the through the 60's. it was almost totally attached to one or another political faction Emigration," and ' Professor George synonymous with the "New York Group." within the community." Among the internal Grabowicz, Assistant Professor of Slavic its poets included Andiievs'ka, Tamavs'kyi, factors which made many of these organiza– Languages at Harvard University, spoke on Rubchak, Boichuk, and Kalyna, as well as tions different was the fact that many were "New Directions in Ukrainian Poetry in the such younger poets as Tsarynnyk. transplanted from the old country. Many of United States." Both talks emphasized how These poets had their own organ, Novi the new organizations of the post-war the literature and language of Ukrainians in Poezii, and their own literary theory. period originated in the Ukrainian national– America have assumed their own distinct Although they did not fully accept the Amer– istic movement which, "like any ideological development. ican world, they were in step with current movement, had accepted, applied, and Maria Magocsi performs the Hopak. western developments. They were isolated propounded the principle of holism. That from the Ukrainian community, a fact which is, fthis movement) strove to subordinate all Bohdan Struminskyj: contributed to their militancy. organized activities to one goal, that of Professor Struminskyj discussed the Professor Grabowicz then proceeded to national liberation and independence . . ." of the nine" to the names of all countries Ukrainian language from two points of view, and most important cities, in order to agree discuss the thematic and formal innova– Differences over the means by which to the quantitative and the qualitative. Using tions of this third period. The city and its achieve the goal gave rise to splinter groups. with the natural Ukrainian-tendency. Such the results of various studies, he estimated changes, Professor Struminskyj added, surroundings are seen for the first time. External factors also played a significant the total number of people in the U.S. and There is an existential sense of belonging, role, in the United States, the inadequate would not violate the general principles of Canada who spoke Ukrainian in the decade the Kharkiv Decree. He recommended that but the city is seen as a dehumanizing ele– fluency in English of most of the 1960-1970 as 770,000. He then pointed out ment. There is a radical persona! expres– immigrants meant that many experienced the proposed changes be incorporated in a that the rate of language retention in new edition of Holoskevych's orthograph– sion, with the most intimate feelings being substantial downward occupational mobil– Canada was particularly high (88.8Q7o), with a depicted. This, noted Grabowicz, was a ity. "Economic security for most new immi– o ical dictionary. fluency rate of 30.7 7o. After that, he ana– Professor Struminskyj also called for the corrective for the banality among the older grants meant a reduction of occupational lyzed the attitudes of various groups ac– poets. . status and related social prestige." "The publication of a "new, comprehensive cording to age, sex, religion, and profes– Ukrainian-English and English-Ukrainian Other new directions in this period maintenance of the old organizational struc– sion. included an emphasis on non-thematic ture can thus be seen as a way in which the dictionary that would reflect the wealth of in his qualitative study of Ukrainian, Pro– present-day emigre Ukrainian, while noting poetry, stream of consciousness, surreal- declassed group of immigrants is able to fessor Struminskyj compared the speech of ism, psychologism, and an expanding of the uphold some level of prestige." Soviet differences." He felt that emigre an emigre Ukrainian and his Soviet counter- Ukrainian is "a progressing, dynamic, flex– limits of poetry to include prose. Professor lsajiw concluded that "the part, in general, he found that the emigre Professor Grabowicz found that the third history of the Ukrainian community in the ible, enlightened, and open language in Ukrainian used the Kharkiv system of qualitative terms, even though its position period was dominated by the small lyrical United States for the past one hundred spelling, western punctuation, conservative form, its prosodic innovations included the years tends to support the assumption that is precarious in a quantitative sense endings, and English syntax. He also drop– because of the threat of a possible use of assonance, oblique rhymes, blank organizational differentiation of itself ped certain endings and used American decrease in the number of its speakers." verse, and syntax modulation. neither contributes to the dissolution of the technological terms, in contrast, the Soviet This group's isolation from Ukrainian ethnic boundaries, nor does it necessarily in concluding, Professor Struminskyj Ukrainian used the reformed Soviet orthog– pointed out that emigre Ukrainians are be– society is reflected in the absence of social retard assimilation of individuals, in many raphy and Soviet Ukrainian punctuation. He ginning to be aware that their language has everyday realia. There is also an absence of respects, organizational differentiation is also replaced certain endings with Russian the right to be relatively independent of irony and humor. explainable in terms ot the structure and endings, made some soft adjective endings Soviet Ukrainian, similar to the differences Professor Grabowicz then focused on processes in the large society as they hard, and used Soviet technological between colonial English and British Eng– one verv important contribution of this impinge upon the ethnic community. terminology. lish. Even some linguists in Kiev, he group, namely, its debate on new directions Organizational differentiation may function in addition, Professor Stuminskyj corn- claimed, now approve of this. He added that for Ukrainian poetry. Such new directions to adapt the ethnic community to society at pared several articles from Svoboda with there is no danger that emigre Ukrainian wiii depended on whether poetic language was large. The adaptive efficacy of community the Soviet Ukrainian press. He also studied stray too far from Soviet Ukrainian, thanks to become more dense, more Ukrainian, or differentiation depends upon the type of the criticisms by Soviet polemicists of to the influence of the mass media. whether it was to become clearer, more organizations which it produces and the emigre Ukrainians, as well as the Ukrainian international. segments of the ethnic population which programs broadcast by voice of America, George G. Grabowicz: Professor Grabowicz concluded by stat– these organizations serve." Radio Canada, and Radio Liberty. ing that it is still too early to formulate any Professor Struminskyj then turned to one Professor Grabowicz prefaced his re- final opinions about the most recent Ukram– particular detail of Ukrainian phonetics and marks by pointing out that the poetry under ian-American poetry. spelling, the "rule of the nine." This rule review would not be examined as an ethnic was established by the Kharkiv Decree, ac– phenomenon and that his analysis was cording to which most instances of foreign і determined solely by the poetry's relation- should be rendered by Ukrainian ;, when not ship to the Ukrainian literary tradition. after zh, ch, sh, ts, z, s, t, d, r. in contrast to The first attempts at poetry among early this, he noted, Svoboda and the radio Ukrainian-Americans, continued Professor stations restore the natural Ukrainian Grabowicz, were folkloristic in nature. What tendency to pronounce every foreign і as y. was not folkloristic was imitative and crude. in view of all this, Professor Struminskyj Poetry with literary value appeared only proposed the following changes in emigre after the Second World War. it resulted from orthography: (1) to write у instead of ;, as a the renascence of Ukrainian literary life in concession to the natural Ukrainian pro– the displaced persons camps in the period nunciation; (2) to write h instead of g in 1945-50. Slavic place names; (3) to extend the "rule THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY іб, 1977 No. 11 10

Distinguished Sociologists Discuss Ukrainian Ethnicity in the course of the Symposium, several scholars dealt with sociological aspects of the Ukrainian ethnic group in North Amer– ica. Speakers included Nathan Glazer, Pro– fessor of Education and Social Structure at Harvard University, and Jeffrey Reitz, Asso– ciate Professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Toronto, in addition, a paper dealing with the close relationship that exists between Ukrainian ethnicity and religion was sent to the Sym– posium by vasyl Markus, Professor in the Department of Political Science at Loyola University's Rome, ltaly, campus.

Nathan Glazer:

in his talk, Professor Glazer tentatively proposed a theory of "small ethnic groups." At first, he posed the question: Should our sociological theory be modified for smaller ethnic groups? Most sociological thinking, he said, has been influenced by the experience of the large ethnic groups: Germans, lrish, ltalians, French. Each of these groups can claim at least 6,000,000 members, in contrast, Ukrainians can claim Flanked by Dr. and Professor Omeljan Pritsak, Dr. Paul R. Magocsi discusses only 1,000,000 members. Professor Nathan Glazer speaking on the– problems in the history of the Ukrainian immigration to the United States. Professor Glazer emphasized, however, ories of small ethnic groups. that smallness is not just a matter of size, but of salience. He used the example of American lndians (700,000), whose size is much smaller than that of Ukrainians, example of the Germans and the ltalians, guage retention. Even when the persons After providing this broad outline, Pro– but whose influence is much greater, due to two large groups whose homelands were considered themselves to be Canadians (as fessor Markus enumerated various particu– their high concentration in a limited number involved in conflicts with the USA and who opposed to Ukrainians, or Ukrainian-Cana– lar problems in the history of the Ukrainian of states, their special legal and political perhaps were forced to abandon their dians), the vast majority of those interviewed Church, some of which have been resolved, status, and their special place in the con– concern with the old country. were in favor of language retention. This and some of which have continued until sciousness of Americans. The third criterion established by Glazer shows, concluded Reitz, that there is no 1976. They include: the struggle against Besides salience, added Professor is that of cultural interests. According to conflict between considering oneself to be Latinization, the question of celibacy, the Glazer, another important factor is the this, smaller groups seem to be more a Canadiar and preserving one's Ukrainian change from the Julian calendar to the Gre– degree to which a group is concentrated. interested in the preservation of their ethnic consciousness. He noted that there gorian, the use of English as the liturgical Here he cited the concentration of Cubans culture, which is perceived to be in danger. is undoubtedly a stronger conflict in the language, ownership of church property, in Florida (600,000). Large groups, Glazer argued, come from USA, due to a greater pressure to assimilate. and others. A third factor influencing a group's prom– large, independent courtries. For an ltalian, Professcr Reitz added that, although the Professor Markus found that "the Ukrain– inence is the degree to which it participates ltaly will do well whether or not ltalian overall trend is toward abandonment of ian religious aspirations for almost a century in the law. Professor Glazer cited the newly- culture is preserved in the USA. The smaller ethnic identity, there is a certain revival focused essentially on the issue of self- found interest of Asian lndians in the ethnic groups, however, have the burden to among third-generatior Ukrainians. He identification and assertion of their cultural- government censuses, in the past, Asian keep the culture going. concluded that one's attirude toward favor– religious values. The search for the lndians were never included in the U.S. in closing, Professor Glazer apologized ing language retention is a function of religious and ethno-national ideology census as a separate group, but were for the tentative nature of his comments, ethnic identity -ather than of. generational almost entirely characterized this period, merely shunted into the category of but emphasized that his sociological model status. resulting in a number of organizational and "Others." However, with the rise of quota of small ethnic groups can in many ways be interestingly, when presented with a list conceptual constructions: (1) Ukrainian systems and affirmative action programs, used :o explain the different development of the most important problems facing the Catholic Church, (2) Catholic Church of Byz– c lndians are now lobbying to be a separate of Ukrainians in America, as opposed to the Ukrainian community, 46 ^o of the respond– antine Rite based on Carpatho-Ruthenian group. Such recategorization makes for a larger ethnic groups. ents listed the decreasing use of the ethnic regional identity, (3) Ukrainian Orthodox greater self-consciousness. language as the chief problem. Church with several jurisdictions, (4) Professor Re tz warned that this study Carpatho-Ruthenian Orthodox Church, (5) Professor Glazer then suggested that Jeffrey Reitz: Ukrainians qualified as a "small ethnic will have very little impact on the Canadian Russian Orthodox Church of America, (6) group," and presented a brief list of the Professor Reitz reported on the results of government policy. Until now, it has done Protestant denominations with ethnic features that seem to unite small groups one empirical study of Ukrainian language very little about the issue. When looking at identification, and (7) Catholic Church of and distinguish them from large ethnic retention in Canada, it was part of the first the data, French Canadians, who control Latin Rite without Ukrainian ethnic identity." groups, trying to apply this to the large-scale survey of ethnic groups in much of the government, draw the opposite Professor Markus then raised the ques– Ukrainians in America. Canada, other than the English or the conclusions. Rather than concluding that tion: "One may ask whether these religious The first criterion proposed by Glazer was French. Professor Reitz stressed that there there is interest in retaining the Ukrainian entities, based to a large extent on ethni– that of political influence and organization. are no comparable data available for Ukrain– language, French Canadians stress that city, are not of an ephemeral nature." He As a general rule, he claimed, the bigger the ians living in the USA. "Canada is the cemetery of foreign delineated three possible alternatives, First, ethnic group, the more recognition it in all, ten different languages were languages," seeing only the decline in they will cease functioning on an ethnic receives. He cited the concentration of studied, including Ukrainian. During this language use. They do not seek the causes basis and will eventually be absorbed by Jews in New York City as a prime example. survey, 338 Ukrainiar-Canadians were inter- for this, which might be remedied by the larger church bodies. Second, they will The second feature was that of the ethnic viewed in 5 Canadian cities. The interviews government. Reitz hastened to add that this continue in existence, in order to provide group as a special interest group. The larger were one hour long and the interviewers for does not mean that the French have an ethnic distinctness. groups, according to Glazer, are all con– Ukrainians were bilingual in English and overt policy of stamping out the Ukrainian The third possibility raised by Professor nected with special interests. For example, a Ukrainian. Professor Reitz then proceeded language. He recommended a study that Markus is the evolution of "a de-ethnicized politician in New York City will tailor his to explain the significance of the tables for would examine attitudes of the French American Catholic Church of Byzantine speech according to his ethnic audience. the Ukrainian language. Three questions toward the retention of minority languages. Rite." Such a church, he said, "may appear He will speak to the ltalians about the issue were asked. They concerned: knowledge of After this, Professor Reitz made an addi– to some people as an attractive choice of home ownership, to the lrish about police Ukrainian, use of the language in day-to-day tional analysis of the data in order to between a complete assimilation into the protection, and to the Jews about the small life, and support of language retention. discover: (1) the importance of language Latin Rite Church and a petrified ethnic businessman. The smaller groups, it seems, With regard to knowledge of the Ukrain– retention; (2) the reason for language loss. identity of mini-churches." do not have the leverage to obtain such ian language, it was discovered :hat knowl– He found a positive relationship between political dialog. Politicians do not pay edge of the native language declines sub– language learning in early childhood and attention to Ukrainians for two reasons: they stantially from generation to generation. ties to the ethnic community. When are less defined and thus the politician does However, although language maintenance language is learned in early childhood, it not know how to deal with them; they are declined among Ukrainians, they still had does not decline as a source of ethnic small in number and less likely to influence the highest rate of language retention of identification. Generation has little effect an election. any of the groups. Reitz stressed that his on community participation after one takes Ф? Professor Glazer then referred to Pro– survey represents an u'ban sample, and language learning into acount. fessor Michael Novak's organization, called that language retention is known to be less With regard to the reasons for language EMPAC, which represents an attempt to in urban areas than in rural ones. loss, Professor Reitz found that higher lan– unite smaller ethnic groups so they will Professor Reitz then turned to the guage retention is found in more cohesive have greater impact on American politics. question of the use of the language. ethnic communities. Smaller ethnic groups, continued Glazer, Seventy-five percent of those Ukrainians usually seem to be distinguished by a who were fluent in the language used it vasyl Markus. special interest in their homeland. They every day. At the same tine, Ukrainians had Professor Markus was not able to present seem to be intensely interested in its fate. the highest rate of language use with the his paper in person, due to administrative The small ethnic group is more easily clergy. Professor Reitz concluded that this responsibilities in Rome. P'ofessor Myroslav organized around this issue than is the shows that there is greater institutional Labunka, who was present in the role of larger ethnic group. Glazer cited several support for language retention among Editors: Michael Bourke, Zack Deal possible reasons for this. The smaller commentator, was gracious enough to read Consulting Editor: Paul R. Magocsi Ukrainians. the paper in his stead. Photographers: Zack Deal, Marjan versluys groups have a greater political role in their With regard to language retention, Pro– Professor Markus first sketched the Publishers: Ukrainian Studies Fund, inc. homeland, and this reduces their political fessor Reitz found that the great majority of Ukrainian religious experience in the United Typography: Xanadu Graphics, Boston participation in America. They also seem to interviewees (75c7o) favored language reten– States from 1876 to 1976, stressing the inti– come from countries where they are a tion, wnile only a small proportion (4Q7o) minority or are occupied. mate relationship that existed between actually thought that it was undesirable. nationality and religion for the early Ukrain– Giazer also pointed out that the small Professor Reitz then went on :o analyze ethnic group is freer to agitate for its home– ian immigrants. He also presented the the attitudes of Ukrainian-Canadians with historical reasons for the split into two isnd, because this does not pose any threat regard to ethnic identity in order to find groups: the Ukrainians and the Carpatho– for the USA. He contrasted this with the whether there is any correlation with lan– Ruthenians. No. n THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY іб, 1977 11 Eye-on Books

by Dr. Aleksander Sokolysczyn

is it right to include Ukraine in a book of the fact that Russia is only one of the published about Russia? republics of the Soviet Union, and to call As a librarian, 1 often find books written every other subingated nation is false and by so called specialists and scholars on discriminatiory. Eastern Europe, especially Russia, including Ukraine in the publication dealing with that "Directory of Ukrainian Publishing Houses, topic. So is the case of George St. George's Periodicals, Bookstores, Libraries and book called "Russia", first published in Library Collections of Ucrainica in Diaspo– New York by the Hastings House Publishers ra," by Roman Weres, Ukrainian Biblio– Tracking Taras Bulba in 1973. in its 12 chapters, besides the Baltic graphical-Reference Center, Chicago, 1976, states Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, Byelo– 56pp. There have been several attempts at inconquerable spirit of Ukrainian Ko– russia (chapter 6) and Ukraine (chapter 7) The purpose of this publication, as stated screen versions of HohoFs tale. Olek– zaks of the 16th century combined with are included. in the preface, is to aid librarians in the sander Dovzhenko, had he had the the harmonic and rhytmical palette of Also, the Transcaucasian nations, now selection and aquisition of Ukrainian books chance, could have made a definitive contemporary music. Fortunately just held captive by the Soviet Union, such as and periodicals. Azerbajdzhan, Armenia, Georgia (chapter After the acknowledgments, a short version of the story. before the Taras Bulba music, 1 was 9) and Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tadjikis– biographical note about the author and his The latest effort (United Artists, invited by the Soviet government to tan, Turkmenia and others (chapter 10) are two main publications, "Ukraine, A Biblio– 1962) was mush criticized for historical conduct the major orchestras of the included in this book. graphy," and "index to Ukrainian Essays," inaccuracies and liberties taken with the Soviet Union. This tour brought me to in describing Ukraine, it states correctly the table of contents lists ten different topics. theme; the film follows Hohol's story up Kiev, one of the oldest Russian cities that it is "the second-ranking constituent There is a list of Ukrainian publishing to a point only, while Yul Brynner is situated in the heart of the Ukraine. republic of the Soviet Union", that Ukraine houses in the United States, Canada, South depicted as being much too young for This gave me added opportunities to is "the finest and most beautiful part of the America, and Europe, with addresses, it is the title role. study the folk music of the Ukrainian Soviet Union,"..."that Ukrainian girls are followed by a list of Ukrainian periodicals On the other hand, the German UFA people and 1 actually found some the prettiest in the world". The author's and serials in alphabetical order, with Studio a long time ago produced their beautiful authentic material in the intention was good, but he has unwittingly indication of publishing places, starting with version, more faithful to Hohol. This music stores of Kiev such as the tune followed the old Russian imperialistic line "ABN Correspondence" and finishing with which underlines Taras's speech in by calling all the captive nations in the the "Zhinochyi Svit" (Woman's World), all was later supplemented and remade Soviet Union "Russia," which is wrong and published in the free world, indicating the into a Ukrainian film that virtually which he pledges revenge and the fight offensive to all the non-Russian captive frequency and, sometimes, the price, very followed the original tale paragraph for for freedom of his people. The other nations in the Soviet Union. On p. 143 it is valuable is the list of Ukrainian bookstores paragraph. And yet the film had no themes were composed in the spirit and incorrectly stated that "The Ukraine remain– in the free world, where the reader can order spirit, no dash; Taras Bulba himself was harmonic structure of Russian folk ed a part of the Russian State ever since or buy books, and the list of Ukrainian so old and feeble he had to be helped to music." (1648) despite all attempts of some chauvin– libraries in the U.S., Canada, Australia, and a saddle. Somehow the viewers were Although neither Hohol nor the film istic Ukrainian separatists to undermine this Europe, with their holdings. A special expected to believe he was the power mentioned Russia, Waxman did not unity". section deals with Ucrainica in the U.S. and from which the steppes trembled. perceive this clearly. Otherwise he Ukraine always strove for freedom and Canadian libraries, with holdings and their in the 1962 film the steppes did would have refrained from offering the independence and proclaimed its independ– evaluation, and, at the end, an index of spirit of "Russian folk music" in a story ence on January 22, 1918, in Kiev, it was Ukrainian publishing houses in the free tremble, owing not only to the wrath of forcefully occupied by the Red Army. The world. On the last page, the compiler lists his Yul Brynner but to the special effects concerning Ukrainian Kozaks and the seventh chapter dealing with Ukraine (pp. publications and an errata slip is inserted. department and the music of Franz Poles. Nowhere did Waxman introduce 141-165) with illustrations and a map of This publication can be obtained at a cost of Waxman. Polish melodies although these would Ukraine, is devoid of any information about S3.25 from the Ukrainian Research and Waxman, a veteran among film have been appropriate. Despite the the dissidents in Ukraine such as Moroz, information Center, 2453 West Chicago composers, made a statement in the confusion, tangible material from Uk– Karavansky and others. Ave., Chicago, ill, 60622. liner notes of the film's sound track raine (not from Russia) turned up in his This book was published for the purpose album (a collector's item selling for S40) score. of giving general information about the "The Ukrainians in America: 1608-1975", indicating he did not have the geogra– The "Kozak Anthem"' called by Soviet Union for the tourists visiting it. But Chronology and Fact book, compiled by phy of eastern Europe sorted out Waxman "beautiful authentic material" the author was born in Leningrad and viadimir Wertsman, Oceana Publications, was used for the pledge of Taras Bulba probably educated along the lines of Rus– inc., Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., 1976, 140 pp. completely: "Here was a subject that sian history. The publishers should be aware (Continued on page 13) demanded the flavor of the proud and (Continued on page 13) Through the Sunny Balkans (Continued from page 6) He also took us into the Basilica of Saint Mark. desired size, it was quickly drawn out of the when 1 came out! marble cisterns previously used for the collection Luckily for me, there was no guard at the entrance furnace and squeezed with an iron implement 2^3 Then 1 tried to dry my hair. The two-prong of rainwater. Led by a guide, we went up the grand looking for those "irreverent" tourists who would of the way up, thus forming a neck for the vase-to- adapter that 1 had for my blow-dryer actually fit staircase, to the chambers of the patricians, the dare to enter any sacred place dressed in "inde– be. Using a pair of pincers, the man drew some of one of the outlets, which in Europe are more often Justice Chamber - with its door to the "bridge of cent" summer clothes such as shorts, sleeveless the still molten though rapidly cooling glass out than not, for three-prong plugs. (European no return" which leads to the dungeon, and shirts or blouses, and dresses that are too short or from either side of the vase and asphyxed each current is 220 so one has to use an adapter to through the dungeon itself - but not via the too open. drawn end further down the respective side to convert the standard 110 current American bridge of no return! Moorish influence in the architecture of the form delicate handles. He "ruffled" the mouth of appliances). І turned the dryer on; got a little bit of in the main parliamentary chamber, there are Basilica is distinctly evidenced by the pointed arch the vase by alternately pushing out and pusing in power and then it stopped. І sure hope that my portraits along the top of the walls depicting all of gracing the main portal of its facade as well as by the rim. Then the vase was fired in the second poor "Max" has not permanently died. Oh well, so the doges in consecutive order. The series lacks the similar, though lesser arches of the four side furnace for a new moments, taken out and cut my hair will have to dry in the warm air outside. thirteen paintings to reach completely around the portals, two on each side of the principal one. The off of the pole, voila! A finished flower vase and Before we left for the Doges' Palace, we had to room. Thirteen vacant places which will never be entire interior ceiling of San Marco is magnifi– a very pretty one at that. leave our room keys at the second floor desk. We filled in, as the time of venetian ducal power has cently decorated with gold and glass mosaic For his next "trick", the man made a little horse were permitted to carry the keys to the clothes long since passed and will, in all probability, never be revived again. complemented by the duller, less beautiful though by drawing four legs and a tail from a small mass cabinets in our rooms with us, though. Barb and of molten glass; drawing out a curving neck; We saw the final work of the master Titian: a equally intricate mosaic of the floor, in its Sonia each had a key to the two cabinets in which pinching the end of the neck to form the head; large mural painted in the artist's ninetieth year markedly sorry unevenness, this floor bears we had locked all of our belongings. pulling small peaks for ears and bending one of depicting, in the foreground, one of the doges undeniable evidence of venezia's gradual sinking І took the room key upstairs and by the time І the forelegs to make the piece aditionally effective. holding audience with the powerful, amorous into the sea. Despite plans and projects to allay came down again, almost everyone had started He then fired the piece and so completed a horse noble Cassanova, with both figures backed by a this unique and sorrowful misfortune of a unique walking to the American Express Office which frozen in a proud, passage position. panoramic view of venezia. and beautiful city, venice apparently continues to was on the way to the palace, in order to exchange Then we were led into the sparkling glassware On the ceiling of one of the spacious halls, our suffer the inevitable after-effects of having been checks into lire. (Si.00 - 822 lire). shop-showroom. The pieces, displayed on glass guide pointed out a painting, the focal point of constructed on small islands and pilings incap– Already near the exchange office, Mr. Lish– and mirror shelves, were very elegant and which is a white horse - an optical illusion horse able of perpetually sustaining the tremendous chynsky happened to notice me, in my blue, surprisingly enough some of them were reason- which, he said, when looked at from one side, weight of an entire community. green, beige no sleeved sweater, and he told me ably priced - particularly the ones "on sale". The appears to be running toward one, and when Moving out of the very crowded Basilica, our that after visiting the palace, 1 would not be able most expensive pieces were those made out of red viewed from the other side, appears to be headed guide led us through the people and pigeon filled to go into San Marco with bare arms. glass because the color pigment is made from in .other direction. There we all were, walking square, holding his cane up so that we would not So 1 raced back to the Kette, up four flights of gold. Other predominant colors include green, the around with our heads up, staring at the ceiling to lose him in the crowd, down a side street and into steps to the second floor, got the key, back down pigment made from sulphur; blue, pink, purple see if the purported illusory horse "really works". a building housing a branch of the highly to my first floor room. Good. Now to find my long and smokey brown. it does. acclaimed Murano glass factory. We went sleeved sweater. But 1 didn't have a key to the After this we were free until lunch at 12:30. І Our guide was what some people in our group upstairs and sat on wooden risers a relatively cabinet! Back up to the second floor where 1 found went to the American Express office and exchang– described as "a real character". Somewhere on the short, very warm distance in front of two fiery one of the italian custodians. 1 tried to ask him if ed a check or two because 1 did not have time to do way toward his third quarter century mark in age furnace. Here our pleasantly humorous "charac– he had an extra key. Hopeless. "No understanda so earlier - what with running around looking he had a gray moustache, wore a hat, dark glass– ter" of a guide bid us farewell. Thank you. de English", (in italian of course, but 1 got the for a sweater which, as it turned out, 1 didn't need es, a blue tan checkered jacket, carried a cane, As we listened and watched, a rather handsom message). Oh well. Maybe there will not be a italian explained the glass blowing procedure after all. guard at San Marco this morning. and spoke wonderfully expressive English with a sense of humor. He kept on shouting things like while another man demonstrated the process: Then Barb, Chris and 1 bought tickets for an 1 reached the exchange office just as the last "Make way for America" and "Charge" as he holding an amorphous mass of molten glass on afternoon boat excursion to the islands of people in our group were pocketing their "new" led us through. To the girls: "Come close around the end of a long, hollow pole in one of the Murano, Burano, and Torcello. currency and leaving to catch up with the rest of me. Don't be afraid, i'm all kaput!", and to all furnaces, this man blew into the tube, forcing air Lunch: Spaghetti italiano! І have never eaten the group which had resumed the walk to the of us, "The only things women are good for is to expand the molten glass into a bubble which spaghetti before, except once from a can -which Palace of the Doges (or the Ducal Palace) with its for making love and making spaghetti!" became progressively larger as more air was doesn't count anyway! At first 1 had a difficult white marble walls and its golden, suspended time with the long, rather thick, slippery noodles, in front of a painting ol Heaven, Purgatory and blown through the tube. All the while, the man galleon ceilings. Needless to say, 1 did not have continually twisted the pole so that the glass was but 1 finally started managing them fairly well. time to cash any checks. Hell, he said that the same figure, the painter's wife, appears first in Heaven, then in Purgatory being evenly distributed and Liolded into a Upon entering the palace, we found ourselves in spherical shape. When the bubb e reached the (To be continued) a large inner courtyard within which were two and then being pushed into Hell. 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY іб, 1977 No. 11 Dynamics of Politics: A Task For Our Community

by Michael Вигук

1976 was a very exciting year for all historical necessity to take their political in United States politics? The first step necessary to establish a local power base in Americans. Public reenactments of histori– destiny into their own hands. Unhampered begins with registering to vote and taking an order to be able to successfully compete with cal themes, "tall ships," numerous ethnic by the many obstacles placed in the way of active interest in issues, both local and the multitude of other political interest festivals and a presidential race heightened Ukrainian political expression, we Ukrain– national, which affect your own lives and the groups which are already established in your our awareness of the richness and diversity ian Americans should set an example for our community in which you live. Be well area. in American life. At this junction which brothers and sisters across the ocean. informed on all issues and trends—don't When election time comes, actively sup- leads into the third century of United States pass over certain things as too trivial or port a candidate and urge friends and history, we, Ukrainian Americans should Dynamics of Power unrelated to your own interests. Those issues neighbors to vote. Work for the candidate's pause to reflect on where we are headed as a which seem small today can become major election with whatever talents you possess. community and what place we should Many of us here in the United States have tomorrow. Campaign with the candidate to determine occupy within the American social and not come to grips with the dynamics of As an American "ethnic", learn about what issues concern the voters. Be clear in political system. political power, vacuums do not exist for other ethnic communities and their pro– your own mind about the reasons why you The traditional attitude in the United long in the powerful, seething ocean where blems and try to relate them to your own support a particular candidate. States toward its host of ethnic groups has all our lives are governed. Politics consists of experience. Develop personal contacts with For those who are so inclinded, run for been undergoing a subtle change during the countless interest groups, which often members of other ethnic communities and political office, if you lose, the public past ten years. Although the "melting pot" pound away at each other like thundering discuss common concerns which could exposure which you receive during the myth is still lingering here and there it has waves in the rolling surf, always mingling in benefit from joint political action. Above all, campaign can give you momentum for become clear in the communications media whirlpools of various political currents that don't be narrow-minded in your views, but another try. When you lose, analyze the and through the words and actions of this flow through the sea of human relations. be willing to listen to the ideas and problems reasons for your loss and make plans to past year's presidential candidates that one Each one of us must in some way become of others. This first step is the least any overcome your weak points. Always be does not have to shed ethnic identity in order actively involved in this process in order to Ukrainian American should dojo take part aware of what your local elected officials are 'to be a true American. affect decision-making in the area of United in the political process. doing office. The two major political parties have made States foreign policy and to increase the For those whose wish to do more, join a investigate the political interest groups in a significant attempt to listen to the heart- visibility of the Ukrainian community in political party. Find the one which best suits your area and find out why they support a beat of our many ethnic communities. Some American life. your personal belifs. Don't be afraid to particular candidate or elected official. might brush aside these efforts as mere What direction should Ukrainian Ameri– investigate the various American political Form your own political action committees campaign flirtation, but the fact remains can political activity take? Broadly speak– parties to determine with which one you feel from people who have common concerns. that the presidential candidates showed they ing, we must clearly divide our political most comfortable. All political parties are Don't be afraid to make certain minor are aware that many Americans are proud to concerns between foreign policy and domes- not the same! it is up to you to find out the concessions on particular issues in order to possess a bicultural identity. However, the tic policy. Both foreign and domestic policy differences. form a group. All of us must make certain United States has a long way to go before the must be given equal attention, if we intend to After joining the party of your choice, compromises in every-day life in order to "melting pot" myth is completely discarded grow and flourish as a distinct community in become actively involved in its work by live among people. However^ don't corn- and the concept of the cultural mosaic fully the United States. assuming positions of responsibility. Simply promise on basic principles. Clearly define accepted. The irish and Jewish communities should belonging to a political party does nothing the reasons for the existence of a particular be studied for greater insight into the to influence the thinking of its members or to political action committee, and be prepared Our Place problem of how it is possible for an ethnic affect its policies. Develop your ability to to ally the group with other committees to group to dig its roots deep into the American communicate ideas, particularly through attain a common goal. The question remains: where does the soil, while actively maintaining a strong public speaking and writing. Those who Ukrainian American community fit into this awareness of and concern for issues affecting actually set pen to paper or deliver a speech it Takes Time evolving social and political design? the lives of people in their lands abroad. are in an important position for determining First, let us admit that most of us would Neither the irish nor the Jewish communi– what issues the group will investigate and Finally, don't become discouraged that not emigrate to Ukraine if it became sover– ties in the United States have attempted to possibly support. your ideas are not immediately influencing eign and independent today. We must accept permanently isolate themselves from the the American political decision-making the fact that the majority of us are here to political process. On the contrary, they have Three Levels process. Developing political clout takes stay, if we are here to stay, a second question clearly perceived the fact that active political much effort, time and money. The results are comes to mind: do we intend to live together involvement offers the benefits of increased in the United States, politics generally not usually perceived at once. in small, close-knit communities reminiscent visibility for the community as a whole and takes place on three major planes: local, The Ukrainian American community has of the Ukrainian village, or will we disperse access to the centers of power where deci– state and national While it is not impossible come a long way since those first, faltering across the vast expanse of this land? І would sions are made which affect the public and to jump directly into national politics, the steps during the last quarter of the 19th suggest that the latter phenomenon is private concerns of all community members. chances of succeeding are slight. The best century. Our peopole, in greater numbers, characteristic of what Ukrainian Americans Human Rights place to start is at the local level. have been successfully climbing the Ameri– have been doing during the last twenty-five The person to contact is the chairman of can educational, professional and social years. Statistics show that as immigrants One of the major issues of Ukrainian the party of your choice in your own ladder during the past fifty years. Now we and their children climb up the social ladder, municipality. Get to know the local party they tend to abandon their ethnic ghettos in American concern in the area of foreign must assure our community a permanent policy should be pursuit of the human and chairman before attempting to branch out to place in American society by confidently large urban areas for a more isolated party politics at the county level, it is existence in the suburbs and countryside. national rights in the Soviet Union. The mounting the ladder of politics. guarantee of the basic human rights of all Bearing this in mind, we must become people living in the fifteen Soviet Republics accustomed to being Ukrainian Americans is an issue which directly affects the continu– living among fellow European Americans, ed existence of the Ukrainian people as a Black Americans, Hispanic Americans, distinct nationality, and can serve as a Asian Americans, Native Americans and rallying point of political interest for those others. Our Ukrainian American identity who are related to the multitude of nation– should not be so frail as to perish away from alities who live under Communist rule. the false security of tiny ethnic islands. intimately conncected with the issue of Outward Direction human rights in the USSR is the need for increased intellectual, cultural and social How can we maintain our unique identity contacts between people living in the Soviet if we disperse and live among many other Union and Eastern Europe and the citizens ethnic groups? Part of the solution to this of Western nations. The only way that the dilemma lies in our social and political political awareness of people,, living under organizations. Since the establishment of Communist regimes can be broadened is by the first Ukrainian American Brotherhood contact with people and ideas outside their of St. Nicholas in 1885, the Ukrainian own limited horizons. These contacts can community has been rather successful in serve as a solid basis for comparison of the organizing itself for internal social, reli– relative merits of communism and other gious, cultural and political purposes. We political systems. Allied with other ethnic are all extremely thankful for and proud of groups, Ukrainian Americans must press the the many sacrifices our grandparents and United States Government to take an active parents made to build the foundations of interest in the welfare of those who live organized Ukrainian life in the United under totalitarian regimes. States. After 100 years of toiling, hoping and Ukrainian American interest in United thinking together as a community, it is time States politics must ultimately transcend the to direct a portion of our energies outward issues of Ukrainian independence and the toward the greater American society and preservation of ethnic heritage, if we are to political process. survive as a distinct political force in United States history is not devoid of American life. We must show our fellow examples of individual Ukrainian Ameri– citizens that the traditional values and cans who have contributed to political life. unique cultural heritage which we cherish However, as a group we have tended to look are not an endpoint in themselves, but rather across the ocean, rather than to our own a framework within which Ukrainian backyards when our thoughts turned to Americans actively strive to enrich the lives politics. The desire for a sovereign and of their fellow Americans. independent Ukraine strongly motivates all Register, vote of us. Ukraine will become free when its people have become sufficiently aware of the How does one actually become involved THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY 13 Tracking Toras Bulba Eye on Books (Continued from page 11) (Continued from page 11) and for the effective finale underscoring Despite the shortcomings of the film it was reported recently that in the time Zerov, on pages 448-532. it includes Soviet victory. as a whole, Waxman's music remains its capsule of the Freedom Monument Com– Ukrainian writers and Ukrainian writers The love theme closely resembles the chief asset for in some of the lyric and, mittee in Brooklyn, N.Y., the Ukrainians living in the free world. The editor uses the have inserted, among other memorabilia, folk song "Stoit' Hora vysokaia." especially, the heroic sequences such as Soviet Ukrainian sources of criticism and There is also a scherzo-like treatment of such as the trident, T. Shevchenko's minia– the Ukrainian sources in the free world. the charge of the Kozak cavalry, the ture "Kobzar", Ukrainian Easter eggs on this theme in the sleigh-ride scene with They are short sketches by different authors soundtrack is irresistible. color stamps, the Ukrainian Encyclopedia in printed in Soviet Ukraine and abroad by "Shchedryk" (basic motif only) employ– Waxman, who died in 1968, is still the English, also the book of v. Wertsman, "The well known critics and literary men. ed in counterpoint. only composer to be honored by the Ukrainians in America: 1608-1975." We find Antonych (1909-1937), vasyl Academy of Motion Picture Arts and This chronology and fact book is a first- Barka's novel "Promin" (Ray), ivan Fran– Additional Ukrainian melodies were Sciences with two successive Academy hand general information about the Ukrain– ko's "Zakhar Berkut", "Miy izmarahd" (My scored, but these can be heard only in Awards. He received this honor for ians in the U.S.A. it contains thirty pages of Emerald), and several general sketches by the actual film, not on the soundtrack "Sunset Boulevard" and "A Place in the chronology, a selection of documents Prof. Bohdan Romanenchuk, Prof. D. album. There is a dance from the Sun." dealing with Ukrainian independence Day Rudnytsky, and others. Also included are: 1. proclamations, material on the T. Shevchen– Karpenko-Karyi (1845-1907), Yuriy Klen Poltava area, "Hrechanyky," used for ko statue in Washington, D.C,such organi– (1891-1947), Olha Kobylianska (1865- the victory celebration at the beginning zations as the Shevchenko Scientific So– 1942), Natalia Koroleva (1888-1966), My– of the film and later scored for orchestra Legal ciety, the Ukrainian National Association, khailo Kotsiubynsky (1864-1913), Mykola and voices in the revelry sequences Secretary the Harvard Ukrainian Research institute, Kulish (1892-1918), Oleksander Oles (1878- before the walls of Dubno. This music and others, it has a bibliography, appen– 1944), Todos Osmachka (1895-1962), Ulas BNQUSH AND dices with institutions and periodicals and and the episode of the horseplaying UKRAINIAN SPEAKING Samchuk (1905- ), vasyl Stefanyk (1871- Kozaks is particularly effective. an index. 1936), vasyl Symoneko (1935-1963), Olena Five Years Legal "Modern Slavic Literatures; A Library of Teliha (1907-1942), Lesia Ukrainka (1871- Experience. Literary Criticism," volume H, compiled 1913),Mykola voronyi (1871-1942), volo– "Zasvystaly Kozachenky" attributed Competitive Sialary. and edited by vasa D. Mihailovich, igor dymyr vynnychenko (1880-1951), Mykola to the 17th century songstress Marusia Newark-frvington, N.J. Hajejc, Zbigniew Folejewski, Bogdan Czay– Zerov (1890-1941) and others such as ivan Churay, can be heard in the market- kowski, Leo D. Rudnytzky and Thomas Bahranyi (1906-1963), Mykola Bazhan, place scene but the music is somewhat Area Butler, Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., Bohdan Boychuk, , Oles Hon– obscured by dialogue and sound effects. Call: (201) 399-4067 New York (c 1976) 720 pp. char, Mykola Khvyliovi, , in the series "A Library Criticism", the Maksym Rylsky, volodymyrSosiura(1898- first volume of this work appeared in 1972. 1965), and Pavlo Tychyna (1891-1967). volume H deals with Bulgarian, Czecho– it should be noted that the transliteration Slovak, Polish, Ukrainian and Yugoslav of the authors' names are not in accordance literatures. Ukrainian modern literature is with the U.S. Library of Congress Slavic presented by LaSalle College Professor Leo system which is used in most libraries of the UKRAINE: D. Rydnytzky and it includes 32 modern world. This compilation by Prof. L.D. Ukrainian authors inserted in alphabetical Rudnytsky should be reprinted for a more A CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA order from Bohdan 1. Antonych to Mykola general use. Burdens of Romance volume 1 and 11 (Continued from page 11) The First volume: General information, Physical anonymous type, whose silhoutte is only familiar to the parents. He always waits for her in his junk car. He hangs up if anyone but she answers the phone. And while scrupulously Geography and Natural History, Population, Ethno– punctual in returning her home at the stated hour, he refuses all invitations to set foot over graphy, Ukrainian Language, History of Ukraine, Dr. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko's threshold. Ukrainian Culture, and Ukrainian Literature. The younger twin is dated by a fellow teenager. Nothing unusual about him–for a change. The seventh daughter is learning...soccer. Yes, we did say soccer. Her "amoroso" likes the game and used to play for the junior team of the Ukrainian Sports Club. We said "used to Price: 845.00 play", because he does not play with the team anymore: "Boys play so rough." But he still likes the game of soccer very much. So, Dr. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko's little The Second volume: Law, The Ukrainian Church, daughter has coaxed her mates in Plast into providing both the team and the opposition. Scholarship, Education and Schools, Libraries, Ar– And now, on Saturday afternoon eleven little girls and one gangling youth kick the soccer ball around in Central Park. chives, and Museums, Book Printing, Publishing and "That, to me, is true love!" commented Dr. Kuksa-Dranko to his loving wife. the Press, The Arts, Music and Choreography, Theater and Cinema, National Economy, Health and Medical Services and Physical Culture, the Ar– P.S. Regardless of the undisputed burdens caused them by their daughters' romances, Dr. med Forces, Ukrainians Abroad. and Mrs. Kuksa-Dranko derive immense satistaction that all their married daughters brought them Ukrainian son-in-laws and that there are all indications that the unmarried Price: ф60.00 ones will do likewise. Glory be itb Accidents Cause Highest Yon can obtain both volumes Death Rate Among Youths for only 994.50 NEWARK, N.J.-Accidents are still the study said. public enemy No. 1 for the young, said "in 1973-74, the accident death rate of all Metropolitan Life insurance Co. in a year- ages combined among males in the general end report. population was almost three times higher Fill out the order blank below and mail it with in the 5 to 34-year age bracket, accidents than that among females," the study said. your check or money order. claim more lives than all other causes of Mortality from accidents has always been death combined, according to the study on significantly higher among males than accident mortality by Metropolitan Life. females. The Metropolitan statisticians note acei– USE TH1S COUPON! dents are the fourth-ranking cause of death in the United States and claim about 105,000 To: UKRAINIAN NATIONAI. ASSOCIATION, inc lives annually. The study also compared the mortality 81-8S Grand Street, Jersey City, NA 07808, U.S.A. They also report "that, although mortality from motor vehicle accidents and that from from accidents decreased among white all other accidents (caused by falls, fires, І hereby order Ukraine і A Concise Encyclopaedia drowning, poisoning, firearms, etc.). Be– Q volume 1 - W5M people in the general population, it rose or remained unchanged among those between tween 1963-64 and 1973-74, the age-adjusted Q volume П - 960.00 ages 5 and 34". death rates from motor vehicle accidents Q volumes І А П - 994.50 declined by 5.3 percent among white males Enclosed is (a check, M. O.) for the amount 1—-–— in the general population and by 4.6 percent Please send the book (s) to the following address: among white females. From 1963-64 to 1973-74, white males in Among insured males, the mortality from the general population recorded a net motor vehicle accidents decreased 4.1 Nama decrease of 4 percent in the mortality from percent during this period, but increased all accidents - from 73.2 per 100,000 to among insured females by 16 percent. 70.3, while the mortality from accidents At the same time, death from all r, -r Street amone white females decreased by 8 net cent types of Occidents decreased by 2 5 ; it - froro ?7 і r "5 ' per l^-w) arrw,;? vb'tr :m!es in fhe geprr u 1 4 - !Ч Ї Decre:sr, Mo іч-arred , ' n^cs г,т Jei 5 tion. u ; ^ ;,mong white female ' ІІ CKv ?ta c рею? ч Tlv,-v,.th rates anruMj ' 1.W ^ffi^SfcTite^^.l^^ percent wre riJl' ales also 'vhrwed a decline, 11 8 percent and 'T - :l^'^1. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY іб, 1977 No. 11 Announces Seton Hall Science Student Wins National Award Engagement

SOUTH ORANGE, N.J.—A Seton Hall University undergraduate che– mistry major, Alexander Kowblansky of Livingston, N.J., has been awarded first prize in the nation in the Annual Undergraduate Contest in Colloid and Surface Chemistry sponsored by the American Chemical Society.

More than a year of research and experimentation went into Kowbalsky's project on "interactions of Sodium, Chloride and Sulfate ions with Sodium Alginate in Aqueous Solutions."

He won S500 in the contest, which was open to undergraduates of any accredited college or university in the U.S. or Canada and judged primarily Nicholas Z. Baran on knowledge, originality of project and ^ие::::ФШь. accomplished research work. PHILADELPHIA, Pa.–Mr. and Mrs. Prize-winning student scientist Alexander Kowblansky in his Seton Hall William Baran, of 4113 Seventh Street here, University laboratory. announced the engagement of their son, "The properties of sodium alginate (Photo by Michael O'Brien). Nicholas Z., to Teresa Elaine Pallone. and other related polymers are of biological systems." Kowblansky is currently a Fellow of the Teresa is the daughter, of Mr. and Mrs. importance to both the medical and Kowblansky says that winning the American Can Company and his re- Frank B. Pallone of Pittsburgh, Pa. food industries," explains Kowblansky. Nicholas is a 1972 graduate of Cardinal award gives him inspiration to continue search work has also been supported by Dougherty High School, in 1976 he was his exploration in chemistry, to which grants from the National institute of graduated at Carnegie-Mellon University in "Specific behavior of these poly- he is now "more dedicated than ever." Health. For the past two summers he Pittsburgh and is currently studying for a electrolytes is dependent on their inter- He plans to attend medical school and Master's degree at Southern Methodist actions with simple ions such as sodium have a career in medical science re- has worked as undergraduate research University in Dallas, Tex. He is an electrical and calcium. For example, heparin's search. associate with Dr. Paul Ander, Seton engineer for Texas instruments Co. in antithrombotic activity is associated A graduate of Seton Hall Prep, where Hall chemistry professor and his men- Dallas. with its direct interaction with these he was recipient of the Science Medal, tor for the prize-winning project. Teresa is a 1973 graduate of valley High ions, which are present in the blood. School and a senior at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, majoring in accounting. Research directed toward the determi– The couple plan a spring wedding. nation of the degree of these inter- Nicholas and his parents are members of actions will provide a fuller understand– UNA Branch 153 here. ing of how these polymers operate in

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NOW AVAILABLE THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION BEGINNTER'S UKRAINIAN CROSS Attention Bars3 STITCH EMBROIDERY KIT announces Taverns St Clubs includes all materials and instructions. ^3.00 ea. SCHOJLARSBDlP AWARDS U.O.L. Gift Centre, P.O Box 21157 Minneapolis, Mn. 55421 FOR THE ACADe!MBC YEAR 1977-78 : SUnPLOUUER RECORDS? (Discount to churches, dealers and organizations) The scholarships are available to students ar ^o an accredited college or university, who have been Towaie members of the Ukrainian National Association for at least two years. Applicants are judged on the UKRAINIAN MUSIC ON 45 RPM Refrigeration basis of scholastic record, financial need and RECORDS FOR JUKE BOX USE (24 HR. EMERGENCY SERviCE) involvement in Ukrainian community and student life. Serving Applications are to be submitted no later than March All BRONX, MANHATTAN; 31, 1977. For application form write to: SR-101 QUEENS, NEW JERSEY UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, INC. LET US SFNG TODAY House Hold Jk Commercial CAROL OF THE BELLS Repairs 30 Montgomery Street Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Ukrainian Bandurist Chorus , 385 E 194 St. (212) 933-0466 SR"loa ^^^ялга^япвА^йімиад^жЕММУ^і^^ііу^^ TYUTUNNYK ттттм KOLOMYJKA Ukrainian Bandurist Chorus COFFEE SET (FOR 6) W1TH UKRA1N1AN DES1GN SR-103 SILVER CIRCLE -GERMANPORCELA1N- S50.00. QU1ET WATER vocal DELTO EUROPA CORP. ^2,85 each; handling Sc postlage 50' Send check or money order to: ARTS 1NTERNAT10NAL LTD. Roman iwanycky SUNFLOWER RECORDS 136 First Avenue P.O. Box 184, Detroit, Mich., 48212 New York, N.Y. 10009 , Bet. 8th and 9th Sts. Td . 228-2266 1 Щтлтттттттяшшяшшлшшишлшлплп і , nTvravMWHMiuuwuuuuinrouuuJ No. 11 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY І б, i977 15 Michael Pastuszek, 91, Dies

Michael Pastuszek, 91, died Thursday, WORD JUMBLE January 6, 1977, at the Hospital of the The jumbled words below represent names and places relating to the Janurary 22, University of Pennsylvania after a brief 1918, date in Ukrainian history. The words are transliterated according to the system i:iness. He resided at 2500 West 9th Street, employed in "Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia." They can be identified by Chester, Pa., for the past 51 years. His late wife, Mary Kornig, deceased in 1973. rearranging the letters. Letters underlined with a double line represent the mystery Mr. Pastuszek was born in Ukraine and words. immigrated to the U.S. in 1901. After his Names and Places Relating to January 22, 1918 employment in such various occupations as coal mining, building of the Holland Tunnel, trolley conducting, and as a riveter VAKRIKH „ - ^ - - - - at Sun Ship, he then established a demoli– tion, contracting, real estate, and building supply business in 1919 in Chester. PSYKODROKOS ^ - - - - - ^ ^ „ - - Mr. Pastuszek was responsible for real estate developments consisting of residen– tial, commercial, and industrial properties in KVOCHYNENYN „ ^ ^ - - ^ „ - „ - - the states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, in 1933, he founded the Penn Materials Company, a building supply VURIMOVA „ - ^ -- - - - concern in Chester, Pennsylvania, and in 1953 he founded the Sheppard Company. At the time of his death, he was Chairman of the STREB-KLOVITS „ - - - - ^ ------Board of both corporations. Mr. Pastuszek also was, in the thirties and Michael Pastuszek early forties, one of the largest area demo– his death, he was a trustee. STAROM - ^ - - - - lition contractors. Among the major pro– He also was a member of the local Branch jects was the clearance of the site of the 352 of the Ukrainian National Association present Chester Post Office. and of the Ukrainian Congress Committee SHOVKINMYK ------When he demolished the old Chester of America. He was active and contributed National Bank on the Avenue of the States to many causes. during the term of Mayor William Ward, in the late forties and early fifties, he RYTUK „ ^ - - - Mr. Pastuszek donated the marble column sponsored, gave housing and employment to on the front facade to the city of Chester many hundreds of displaced Ukrainians, and they are now erected as a monument in who immigrated to this area. VESHYSHURK „^--- ^ '. - Crozer Park. Surviving are six sons: Martin Pastuszek Mr. Pastuszek was one of the few remain– of Glen Mills, Pa.; Joseph Pastuszek of inj pioneers and founders of the Assump– Wallingford, Pa.; Harry P. Pastuszek of MOTYHRYZ - - - ^ - - - - tion of the Blessed virgin Mary Ukrainian Glen Mills, Pa.; William J. Pastuszek of Orthodox Church in Chester. Over the Swarthmore, Pa.; Michael T. Pastuszek of The government: years, he held many church offices and was a West Chester, Pa.; and Andrew 1. Pastuszek member of the church building committee, of Chester, Pa. Also surviving are 24 when the Assumption of the Blessed virgin grandchildren and 25 great-grandchildren. Mary Church building was erected in 1946. His sister, Maria Hryshchenko, lives in Answers to the prevoius jumble: Boh Predvichnyi, Dnes Poiushche, Boh Sia The parish was originally organized in 1929. Ukraine. Razhdaie, Nova Radist Stala, Na Nebi Zirka, Yozveselimsia, vse!ennaia, Shschedryk, Mr. Pastuszek was one of the original in lieu of flowers, the family requests that Ne Plach Rakhyle, Уо УуПеіеті. organizers and the building contractor of the donations be sent to the Assumption of the Mystery words: Star of Bethlehem Ukrainian American National Home, 4th Blessed virgin Mary Ukrainian Orthodox and Ward Streets in Chester, and also served Church building fund, 3rd and Ward Street, НАУЕ AN iNTERESTiNG JUMBLE? SEND ІТ 1N. as the first president in 1929. During the Chester, Pa. ^^^^^^^^..^-^ ensuing years, he held many offices in the Home which awarded him a certificate of appreciation for recognition of faithful service on December 15, 1974. At the time of W77 imm ESCORTED Rudenko's Group GROUP TOURS (Continued from page 2) то UKRAINE create a true detente in international relations," they said, "it is to this great 18 New York departures goal that our humanitarian-legal acti– from M ay 5 through October 6 vity should be committed." From S759.00 via MR FRANCE, LUFTHANSA, SW1SSA1R The Declaration was signed by My– kola Rudenko, Oles Berdnyk, Petro For information or reservations, contact your most experienced Ukrainian Hryhorenko, , Lev Lu– agency. Established 1920. kianenko, Oksana Meshko, Mykola Matusevych, , KOBASIVIUK TRAVEL ІЛЧ:. Nina Strokata, and Oleksiy Tykhy.

KGB Harassment 157 Second Avenue, New York, ИГ. v. 1ОДШ

Mr. Yasen told reporters last Mon– Phone: (212) 254-8779 day that Mykola Rudenko's apartment was ransacked by the KGB in hopes of OFFlCE HOURS: Monday through Friday 9 AM to 6 PM finding the Declaration. He said that Saturday 9 AM to 1 PM. several members of the Ukrainian committee were questioned by the KGB for several hours. Rep. Fenwick, who is a member of TO: Kobasniuk Travel inc. (Sv 77) the Congressional Committee to Mo– 157 Second Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003 nitor Compliance with the Helsinki Accords, defended the much criticized Please send Advance information Bulletin regarding the 1977 group tour document. She said that without it, the investi– gation she demanded would not be pos– sible. Name

BEAUTIFUL Address City State Zip Code 2 FAMILY ВШСК Street S60,000. Others from 1-4 family. IRVING SILVER A SONS, IXC Area Code Telephone No 52 W. KingsbridRo Rd., Bronx, W (tit) 783-1000. Open 7 days No. 11 16 THE4JKRA1N1AN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JANUARY 16,1977 income Tax UCCA Washington News Forms Mailed Out NEWARK, N.J.—Booklets containing 1976 Federal income tax forms and instruc– tions were mailed to 3.2 million New Jersey ф The UCCA President was recently support." Others in similar replies include UCCA President and Dr. Walter Dushnyck taxpayers during the first two weeks .in inducted as honorary member of the inter- Peter W. Rodino, Richard H. lchord of and ignatius Billinsky participated. The January, in past years these booklets were national Cultural Society of Korea. The Missouri, Samuel S. Stratton, Frank An– UCCA President, who served as moderator mailed out during the week between Christ- colorful certificate of this membership states nunzio, Lester L. Wolff and over a dozen in the conference, is quoted on the problem mas and New Year. The 1976 booklets may in part, "in our deep appreciation for your more. The new Speaker of the House, of comparative self-sufficiency between the arrive later than usual because the Tax contribution to the cause of mutual under- Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr. said in part: "1 was U.S. and USSR. Reform Act of 1976 was not signed into law standing, friendship and peace in the delighted to hear from you and sincerely ^ At the annual meeting of the Free until early October. The tax forms have been international community." it was signed by appreciate your thoughtfulness." China Committee this month the UCCA revised to accommodate the changes in tax the President of 1CSK, Dr. Sung Chul President was elected as a member of the law included in the Reform Bill. Hong. The UCCA President was informed '" On December 2nd, the House Commit– executive committee. Dr. Walter Judd, a The short form packages (1030A) were of proceedings for his eventual induction tee on international Relations released the Shevchenko Freedom Award recipient is mailed during the first full week in January during his stay in Korea last April. The volume on "Religious Persecution in the President of the Committee. The committee and the long form booklets (1040) were 1CSK is internationally renowned. Soviet Union." The volume covers the deliberated on U.S. policy in Asia and mailed during the second week. ж in reply to the UCCA President's hearings held last summer on the subject. toward the USSR. internal Revenue asks all taxpayers to congratulatory messages following the The testimony presented by the UCCA ^ "The Cosmorama", a pictorial maga– save the booklets until they are ready to recent elections, numerous legislators ex- President on the religious genocide of the zine published in the Republic of China, prepare their 1976 tax returns. They contain pressed their gratitude and cooperation for Ukrainian Catholic and Orthodox Churches features the Statue of Liberty Captive ІІ1 the forms and instructions needed. future undertakings. One, for example, is included, in contrast to others, it urged the Nations Week observance. The November ' The label used to address the booklet William F. Walsh of New York states: "it's committee to concentrate on these cases of issue highlights the Ukrainian, Lithuanian should be peeled off and used in the name really nice to know we have so many friends genocide as against persecution. The testi– and North Caucasian performers during the block of the return mailed to the 1RS Service and both Mary and 1 are pleased you shared mony of Prof. Bohdan R. Bociurkiw of event. The UCCA President is shown with Center. Enclosed in the booklet is a pre– your good wishes with us." Another, Dante Canada was also included. Dr. Ku Cheng-kang, who spoke on the addressed envelope which should be used to B. Fascell of Florida and Chairman of the ь The Heritage Foundation has publish– occasion, in the colorful display Mayors mail the completed return. The use of the Committee on European Cooperation and ed the inter-American Conference on Beame of New York and Daley of Chicago label and the envelope will insure accurate Security, says in part: "it is particularly "Freedom and Security". The book covers are also shown. Since July, the event has processing of the return and the prompt gratifying to know that 1 will have your the conference held in 1975 in which the gathered increasing publicity. issuance of any refund check due.

A GIFT OF LASTING VALUE The following books are available at the Svoboda Bookstore:

BOOMERANG—The Works of vALENTYN MOROZ TWENTIETH-CENTURY UKRAINE by Yaroslav Bihun by Clarence A. Manning introduction by Dr. PAUL L. GERSPER S2.50 Unbound S3.75 Bound S5.75 CATARACT by Mykhaylo Osadchy S3.95 A H1STORY OF UKRA1NE by Michael Hrushevsky S20.00 SHEvCHENKO'S TESTAMENT by John Panchuk S3.00 UKRAINIANS ABROAD–offprint from UKRAINE: A CONC1SE ENCYCLOPAEDiA by volodymyr Kubijovyc ETHNOCIDE OF UKRAINIANS IN THE USSR S3.00 The Ukrainian Herald isssue 7-8 by Olena Saciuk and Bohdan Yasen THE UKRAINIANS IN AMERICA by Myron в. Kuropas introduction by S3.95 Unbound 53.95 Bound S6.95

THE1R LAND—An Anthology of Ukrainian Short Stories by Michael Luchkovich SP1R1T OF UKRA1NE—Ukrainian contributions to world's culture by D. Snowyd S3.00 S1.50 FATHER AGAP1US HONCHARENKO—First Ukrainian Priest in the United States by Theodore Luciw D1PLOMACY of DOUBLE MORAL1TY Europe's Crossroads S7.50 in Carpatho-Ukraine 1919-1939 by Peter G. Stercho S 15.00 ivan Franko, POEMS from translations of Percival Cundy by Clarence A. Manning REvOLUTlONARY vOlCES–Ukrainian Political S3.50 Prisoners condemn Russian colonialism by Slava Stetsko S6.50 HETMAN OF UKRA1NE—ivAN MAZEPPA by Clarence A. Manning GRAN1TE OBEL1SKS by S2.50 S5.00

UKRAINE UNDER THE SOVIETS by Clarence A. Manning FOR A BETTER CANADA by Senator Paul Yuzyk S2.50 S3.00

Please select the book or books you wish to have and send remittance by check or money order, including postage (S1.00 per copy) and a 59fc sales tax for New Jersey residents, to:

SVOBODA BOOKSTORE 30 Montgomery Street Jersey City, N.J. 07303