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Inondations De 2019 Au Benin Rapport D Evaluation Des Besoins Post

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Inondations De 2019 Au Benin Rapport D Evaluation Des Besoins Post INONDATIONS DE 2019 AU BENIN RAPPORT D’EVALUATION DES BESOINS POST CATASTROPHE Préparé par le Gouvernement avec l’appui technique et financier du PNUD AGENCE NATIONALE DE PROTECTION CIVILE TEL : 00229 21 30 76 41/51 04 52 05 01 BP : 925 COTONOU Site : www.anpc.bj E-mail : [email protected] Août 2020 Liste des Sigles et Abréviations AGVSAN : Analyse Globale de la Vulnérabilité et de la Sécurité Alimentaire ATDA : Agence Territoriale pour le Développement Agricole BTP Bâtiments et Travaux Publics DALA : Damage and Loss Assessment DDAEP : Direction Départementale de l’Agriculture de l’Elevage et de la Pêche EDS : Enquête Démographique et de Santé EMICOV : Enquête Modulaire Intégrée sur les Conditions de Vie des Ménages MCVDD : Ministère du Cadre de Vie et de Développeùment Durable MICS : Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys MISP : Ministère de l’Intérieur et de la Sécurité Publique MIT : Ministère des Infrastructures et des Transports ODD : Objectifs de Développement Durable OMS : Organisation Mondiale de la Santé PAG : Programme d’Action du Gouvernement PIB : Produit Intérieur Brut PSDSA : Plan Stratégique de Développement du Secteur Agricole RGPH : Recensement Général de la Population et de l’Habitat RNA : Recensement National de l’Agriculture 1 Liste des tableaux Tableau 1 : Récapitulatif des cibles priorisées par les ODD pour la sécurité alimentaire .......................... 22 Tableau 2 : Évolution de la malnutrition chez les enfants de 06 à 59 mois ............................................... 23 Tableau 3 : Dommages et pertes dans la production agricole (FCFA) ....................................................... 26 Tableau 4 : Dommages et pertes des inondations dans l'élevage (FCFA) .................................................. 29 Tableau 5 : Dommages sur la production animale ..................................................................................... 30 Tableau 1 : Pertes sur la production animale par commune (en FCFA)…………………………………………33 Tableau 7 : Perte dans l’agriculture de richesse due aux inondations de 2019 (milliards) ........................ 32 Tableau 8 : les effets des inondations de 2019 .......................................................................................... 42 Tableau 9 : Évaluation des dégâts des inondations dans le sous-secteur logement ................................. 44 Tableau 10: Besoins et coût des constructions .......................................................................................... 45 Tableau 11 : Récapitulatif des maladies transmissibles causes de décès de 2014 à 2018 ........................ 49 Tableau 12 : Récapitulatif des cibles priorisées par les ODD pour le secteur santé. ................................. 53 Tableau 13: Coût estimatif des dommages liés aux infrastructures sanitaires en 2019 ............................ 56 Tableau 14 : dommages et pertes du sous-secteur de l’Enseignement .................................................... 60 Tableau 15 : Effets des inondations sur le sous-secteur des transports .................................................... 61 Tableau 16: Répartition du réseau routier par région ............................................................................... 62 TABLEAU 17 : ETAT ROUTES BITUMEES ..................................................................................................... 64 TABLEAU 18 : ETAT ROUTES EN TERRE....................................................................................................... 64 TABLEAU 19 : ETAT RESEAU ROUTIER NATIONAL CLASSE ......................................................................... 64 Tableau 20: Effets des inondations sur les routes...................................................................................... 66 Tableau 21 : Evaluation des besoins de reconstruction et de relèvement ................................................ 67 .................................................................................................................................................................... 81 TABLEAU 22 : dégâts engendrés par les inondations de 2019 ................................................................... 81 Tableau 23 : point des pertes en superficie et en valeur de la production végétale suite aux inondations de 2019 ....................................................................................................................................................... 82 Tableau 24 : point des pertes en superficie et en valeur de la production animale suite aux inondations de 2019 ....................................................................................................................................................... 83 TABLEAU 25 : impact sur le PIB .................................................................................................................. 84 TABLEAU 26 : impact sur les Finances Publique ......................................................................................... 86 TABLEAU 27: Impact des inondations de 2019 sur la Balance des Paiements .......................................... 86 TABLEAU 28 : impact sur l’économie Locale et la Pauvreté monétaire ..................................................... 87 Tableau n° 29 : Plan d’action pour les secteurs productifs ........................................................................ 88 2 Liste des figures & graphiques Figure N° 1 : Indice mondial de risque de catastrophe 2018 ..................................................................... 13 Figure N° 2 : Contribution de vulnérabilité et exposition au risque de catastrophes naturelles 2018 ...... 13 Figure N° 3: Les catastrophes naturelles enregistrées au Bénin (1990-2018) ........................................... 14 Figure N° 4: Prévalence de l’insécurité alimentaire globale et sévère par communes ............................. 25 Figure N° 5:Cartes des besoins du secteur agricole ................................................................................... 35 Figure N° 6: Pyramide Sanitaire du Bénin .................................................................................................. 48 Figure N° 7: Dynamique de la population des personnes âgées de 60 ans et plus au Bénin .................... 51 Figure N° 8: Architecture du Modèle de Simulation et d’Analyse des Réformes Économiques (MOSARE) .................................................................................................................................................................... 81 Graphique 1: Evolution des croissances agricoles vivrières et du PIB agricole (%).................................... 21 Graphique 2 : Évolution de la production céréalière de 2016 à 2019 (en tonnes) .................................... 21 Graphique 3 : Evolution de la production halieutique en tonne de 2016 à 2019 ...................................... 22 Graphique 4 : Effets totaux des inondations dans le secteur agricole ....................................................... 26 Graphique 5 : Dommages et pertes dans l’agriculture par commune (FCFA) ........................................... 28 Graphique 6: Effet des inondations sur le secteur de la pêche et de l’aquaculture .................................. 32 Graphique 7: Situation de l'économie béninoise avant les inondations de 2019 ...................................... 78 Graphique 8 : Croissances moyennes et contributions moyennes à la croissance sur la période 2016- 2018 (en %) ................................................................................................................................................. 79 Graphique 9: impact sur les prix ................................................................................................................ 85 Graphique 10: Balance des exportations et importations ......................................................................... 87 3 Préface Au Bénin, les inondations constituent les catastrophes naturelles les plus récurrentes et elles deviennent de plus en plus sévères ces derniers temps en raison des effets pervers des changements climatiques. Celles de 2019 ont occasionné d’importants dégâts notamment 27 décès, 317 576 personnes sinistrées et plusieurs hectares de cultures emportées. Pour alerter sur les nuisances des inondations qui apparaissent de plus en plus comme un frein au développement au lieu d’en être le levier, j’ai demandé et obtenu l’appui du Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement (PNUD) pour l’évaluation aussi bien des dommages et pertes occasionnés par les inondations de 2019 que des besoins de relèvement et de reconstruction des communes de Grand Popo, Athiémé, Aguégués, Zagnanado, Karimama et Malanville. Le présent rapport rend compte de cette étude et révèle que pour l’année 2019, les inondations ont occasionné cinquante-trois milliards deux cent quatre-vingt-quinze millions (53.295.000.000) francs CFA de dommages et pertes et qu’il nous faut soixante-douze milliards trois cent soixante- onze millions sept cent quatre-vingt et un mille six cent un (72.371.781.601) francs CFA pour les besoins prioritaires de relèvement et de reconstruction. C’est avec plaisir que je vous présente au nom du Gouvernement les résultats de cette étude pour qu’ensemble nous puissions travailler pour la mise en œuvre du plan d’actions qui en découle afin de réduire la vulnérabilité des populations et renforcer leur résilience face aux inondations. Ce rapport est l’œuvre d’une équipe pluridisciplinaire de cadres relevant de différents
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