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The How Keeps it in A1 Shape

Winner of the 2003 APA Perpetual Pavement Award

Mark Berkovitz December 12, 2012 2

Opening Ceremony: August 31, 1961 At the turn of the 19th ( to ) century, the Don Valley was home to industrial uses such as mills and brickworks.

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Highway construction facts: Interchange (1966) - 4,600,000 m3 earth moved - 1,250,000 m3 earth used for fill - 1.2 km of CPR & CN rail track relocated - 5 homes expropriated - Cost estimate $28.7 million (1956) - Actual cost $40.0 million (1966) - Equivalent 2012 cost $274 million

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Lawrence Avenue Interchange (1996) Lawrence Avenue Interchange (2008)

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Pavement Management Stats: • 58 Mainline segments • 50 Ramp segments • Surveyed bi-annually

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Section 1 - Northbound Lane 2 0 Perpetual Pavement - Defined 100

200

) 300 40-75 mm SMA, OGFC or Superpave 400

Depth (mm Depth 500 100 mm Zone to 600 of High 150 mm High Modulus 700 } Compression 800 Rut Resistant Material 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 (Varies As Needed) DVP Chainage (km) Cross-Section GPR Trace

Longitudinal GPR Trace Section 1 - Northbound 6+50m (14.216) Durability Layer 0 Max Tensile Strain 100 75 - 100 mm

200

) 300

400

Depth (mm Depth 500 Pavement Foundation 600

700

800 from Newcomb – Perpetual Pavements (2009) 0 2 4 6 8 10121416 Chainage (m) 13 14 Depth to Granular (mm) Main Lanes

Benefits of Perpetual Pavements Pavement Structure/Design Stats: • Composite Pavement Modulus: 1200-2500 MPa

• Effective Structural Number (SNeff): • Fatigue cracking and rutting are reduced 200 mm (min) • Design Structural Number (SNdes): • Pavement distresses are confined to upper wearing laye 148 mm • Minimized maintenance and rehabilitation costs • Quick repairs during overnight and weekend closures • Reduced user-delay impacts on motorist • Extended pavement life = lower life cycle costs • Asphalt material that is milled is recyclable = added benefit to the environment

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Resurfacing Projects typically include premium materials and processes.

Placing Stone Mastic Asphalt on Bayview-Bloor Ramps, 2005

Surface Courses over the years: 1st Resurfacing (late 1970s to mid 1980s) • Asphalt containing asbestos fibres • Asphalt containing steel slag aggregates • Open friction course 2nd Resurfacing (mid 1990s to late 2000s) • Dense Friction Course • Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) • Shingle modified SMA asphalt mixes • HL 1 (High Stability)

• SuperPave FC1 17 18

Placing Stone Mastic Asphalt on Echelon Paving on Bayview-Bloor Ramps, 2005 Bayview-Bloor Ramps, 2005

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Requirements for the Perpetual Pavement Award GO Transit Bus By-Pass Lanes (BBL)

SOUTHBOUND NORTHBOUND

OUTER OUTER (EXISTING MEDIAN) SHOULDER Criteria: SHOULDER 10.97 (EXISTING MEDIAN) 10.97 EXISTING 3 SB LANES @ 3.65 ( + / - ) BBL BBL EXISTING 3 SB LANES @ 3.65 ( + / - ) • Service life of 35 years or more • Resurfacing intervals of no less than 12 years • No structural failures • Minimum maintenance throughout TYPICAL SECTION service life NOT TO SCALE

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Who else is riding on the Don Valley Parkway:

Heart & Stroke Foundation – Ride for Heart Celebrating 25 Years, 1987-2012 Canada’s single largest charity cycling event 13,000 cyclists Funds Raised: $5 million (2012) www.rideforheart.ca

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References: Thank You • Perpetual Pavements Presentation - NAPA • Websites: – Wikipedia – Get Toronto Moving – Heart & Stroke Foundation – The Star – University of Toronto

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