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The Dichotomy Between British and American Women Auxiliary Pilots of World War II
Straighten Up and Fly Right: The Dichotomy between British and American Women Auxiliary Pilots of World War II Brighid Klick A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONORS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN March 31, 2014 Advised by Professor Kali Israel TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... ii Military Services and Auxiliaries ................................................................................. iii Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One: Introduction of Women Pilots to the War Effort…….... ..................... 7 Chapter Two: Key Differences ..................................................................................... 37 Chapter Three: Need and Experimentation ................................................................ 65 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 91 Bibliography ................................................................................................................... 98 ii Acknowledgements I would first like to express my gratitude to my adviser Professor Israel for her support from the very beginning of this project. It was her willingness to write a letter of recommendation for a student she had just met that allowed -
Navigating Discrimination
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Educational Policy Studies Dissertations Department of Educational Policy Studies Spring 5-16-2014 Navigating Discrimination: A Historical Examination of Womens’ Experiences of Discrimination and Triumph within the United States Military and Higher Educational Institutions Dackri Davis Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/eps_diss Recommended Citation Davis, Dackri, "Navigating Discrimination: A Historical Examination of Womens’ Experiences of Discrimination and Triumph within the United States Military and Higher Educational Institutions." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2014. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/eps_diss/110 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Educational Policy Studies at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Educational Policy Studies Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ACCEPTANCE This dissertation, NAVIGATING DISCRIMINATION: A HISTORICAL EXAMINATION OF WOMENS’ EXPERIENCES OF DISCRIMINATION AND TRIUMPH WITHIN THE UNITED STATES MILITARY AND HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, by DACKRI DIONNE DAVIS, was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s Dissertation Advisory Committee. It is accepted by the committee members in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Education, Georgia State University. The Dissertation Advisory Committee and the student’s Department Chair, as representative of the faculty, certify that this dissertation has met all standards of excellence and scholarship as determined by the faculty. ______________________ ____________________ Deron Boyles, Ph.D. Philo Hutcheson, Ph.D. Committee Chair Committee Member ______________________ ____________________ Megan Sinnott, Ph.D. -
Women's Studies
A Guide to Historical Holdings in the Eisenhower Library WOMEN'S STUDIES Compiled by Barbara Constable April 1994 Guide to Women's Studies at the Dwight D. Eisenhower Library While the 1940s may conjure up images of "Rosie the Riveter" and women growing produce in their Victory Gardens on the homefront, the 1950s may be characterized as the era of June Cleaver and Harriet Nelson--women comfortable in the roles of mother and wife in the suburban neighborhoods of that era. The public statements concerning women's issues made by President Dwight D. Eisenhower show him to be a paradox: "...we look to the women of our land to start education properly among all our citizens. We look to them, I think, as the very foundation--the greatest workmen in the field of spiritual development...We have come a long ways in recognizing the equality of women. Unfortunately, in some respects, it is not yet complete. But I firmly believe it will soon be so." (Remarks at the College of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington, October 18, 1956) "I cannot imagine a greater responsibility, a greater opportunity than falls to the lot of the woman who is the central figure in the home. They, far more than the men, remind us of the values of decency, of fair play, of rightness, of our own self-respect--and respecting ourselves always ready to respect others. The debt that all men owe to women is not merely that through women we are brought forth on this world, it is because they have done far more than we have to sustain and teach those ideals that make our kind of life worth while." (Remarks at Business and Professional Women Meeting, Detroit, Michigan, October 17, 1960) "Today there are 22 million working women. -
Avid Readers Club Grades 5 and 6 2018-2019 Round #1: Discussions Will Be in the Week of November 26
Avid Readers Club Grades 5 and 6 2018-2019 Round #1: Discussions will be in the week of November 26 Fiction Choice Men of Iron. Howard Pyle. One hundred years ago Howard Pyle wrote down the classic stories of King Arthur, Robin Hood and other legendary tales. His are considered to be of the most well-done versions of these tales. In this story, the youthful hero, Myles Falworth, is the son of a lord unjustly condemned for treason in the days of King Henry IV. How Myles grew as a knight is brought to life in this exciting story of chivalry and adventure! You may also read, Otto of the Silver Hand, also by Howard Pyle. Biography Choice Elizabeth Blackwell: A Doctor’s Triumph. Nancy Kline. The First Woman Doctor. Rachel Baker. Choose either one of these versions and read the inspiring story of the first woman doctor. It wasn’t easy for her in 1840 when she set out to become a doctor during a time when there were no women doctors in America. People laughed at her, played tricks on her, even threw things at her…but she pursued her dream! Classics from the Summer Reading List Little Women/Little Men – Louisa May Alcott The Princess and the Goblin, The Princess and Curdie - George MacDonald If you read one of these or still want to read them, let Mrs. D. know. These are “anytime” books. Discussions will happen anytime! I plan to read the following book(s) by the week of November 26: • Men of Iron or Otto of the Silver Hand. -
General Files Series, 1932-75
GENERAL FILE SERIES Table of Contents Subseries Box Numbers Subseries Box Numbers Annual Files Annual Files 1933-36 1-3 1957 82-91 1937 3-4 1958 91-100 1938 4-5 1959 100-110 1939 5-7 1960 110-120 1940 7-9 1961 120-130 1941 9-10 1962 130-140 1942-43 10 1963 140-150 1946 10 1964 150-160 1947 11 1965 160-168 1948 11-12 1966 168-175 1949 13-23 1967 176-185 1950-53 24-53 Social File 186-201 1954 54-63 Subject File 202-238 1955 64-76 Foreign File 239-255 1956 76-82 Special File 255-263 JACQUELINE COCHRAN PAPERS GENERAL FILES SERIES CONTAINER LIST Box No. Contents Subseries I: Annual Files Sub-subseries 1: 1933-36 Files 1 Correspondence (Misc. planes) (1)(2) [Miscellaneous Correspondence 1933-36] [memo re JC’s crash at Indianapolis] [Financial Records 1934-35] (1)-(10) [maintenance of JC’s airplanes; arrangements for London - Melbourne race] Granville, Miller & DeLackner 1934 (1)-(7) 2 Granville, Miller & DeLackner 1935 (1)(2) Edmund Jakobi 1934 Re: G.B. Plane Return from England Just, G.W. 1934 Leonard, Royal (Harlan Hull) 1934 London Flight - General (1)-(12) London - Melbourne Air Race 1934 Cables General (1)-(5) [cable file of Royal Leonard, FBO’s London agent, re preparations for race] 3 London - Melbourne Air Race 1934 Cables Fueling Arrangements London - Melbourne Air Race 1934 Cables Hangar Arrangements London - Melbourne Air Race 1934 Cables Insurance [London - Melbourne Flight Instructions] (1)(2) McLeod, Fred B. [Fred McLeod Correspondence July - August 1934] (1)-(3) Joseph B. -
Jacqueline Cochran Crossword Manufacturing Beauty Products
Jacqueline Cochran acqueline Cochran is one of the most famous women in aviation history. She learned to y in only J three weeks. She later broke an existing altitude record by ying a biplane to 33,000 feet in the air. Jacqueline became very interested in air racing and participated in several races including the Bendix Cross Country Air Race. She had to convince Mr. Bendix to allow her to y since the race had been open to men pilots only. She won the race in 1937. Jacqueline also won speed records for ying. The most famous record she holds for speed was when she became the rst woman to break the sound barrier in 1953. She was named “the fastest woman in the world.” Before learning to y she had worked for several years in a beauty shop. She later began a company Jacqueline Cochran Crossword manufacturing beauty products. She named her company Jacqueline Cochran Cosmetics. When World War II began, Jacqueline was involved in testing new aviation equipment being devel- oped for the war. She also had the idea the military should include women as pilots during the war. acqueline Cochran is one of the most famous women in aviation history. She learned to fly in only After several meetings with the Chief of the Army Air Force General Hap Arnold , she was able to three weeks. She later broke an existing altitude record by flying a biplane to 33,000 feet in the air. J convince him to use women pilots to y non-combat missions. She became the director of the new Jacqueline became very interested in air racing and participatedorganization in several which races was named including the the Women Airforce Service Pilots ( WASP ). -
![Biographies of Women Scientists for Young Readers. PUB DATE [94] NOTE 33P](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/6994/biographies-of-women-scientists-for-young-readers-pub-date-94-note-33p-1256994.webp)
Biographies of Women Scientists for Young Readers. PUB DATE [94] NOTE 33P
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 368 548 SE 054 054 AUTHOR Bettis, Catherine; Smith, Walter S. TITLE Biographies of Women Scientists for Young Readers. PUB DATE [94] NOTE 33p. PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Bibliographies (131) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Annotated Bibliographies; *Biographies; Elementary Secondary Education; Engineering Education; *Females; Role Models; Science Careers; Science Education; *Scientists ABSTRACT The participation of women in the physical sciences and engineering woefully lags behind that of men. One significant vehicle by which students learn to identify with various adult roles is through the literature they read. This annotated bibliography lists and describes biographies on women scientists primarily focusing on publications after 1980. The sections include: (1) anthropology, (2) astronomy,(3) aviation/aerospace engineering, (4) biology, (5) chemistry/physics, (6) computer science,(7) ecology, (8) ethology, (9) geology, and (10) medicine. (PR) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** 00 BIOGRAPHIES OF WOMEN SCIENTISTS FOR YOUNG READERS 00 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Once of Educational Research and Improvement Catherine Bettis 14 EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION Walter S. Smith CENTER (ERIC) Olathe, Kansas, USD 233 M The; document has been reproduced aS received from the person or organization originating it 0 Minor changes have been made to improve Walter S. Smith reproduction quality University of Kansas TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Points of view or opinions stated in this docu. INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." ment do not necessarily rpresent official OE RI position or policy Since Title IX was legislated in 1972, enormous strides have been made in the participation of women in several science-related careers. -
Teaching About Women's Lives to Elementary School Children
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Women's Studies Quarterly Archives and Special Collections 1980 Teaching about Women's Lives to Elementary School Children Sandra Hughes How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/wsq/449 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Teaching about Women's Lives to Elementary School Children By Sandra Hughes As sixth-grade teachers with a desire to teach students about the particular surprised me, for they showed very little skepticism of historical role of women in the United States, my colleague and I a "What do we have to do this for?" nature. I found that there created a project for use in our classrooms which would was much opportunity for me to teach about the history of maximize exposure to women's history with a minimum of women in general, for each oral report would stimulate teacher effort. This approach was necessary because of the small discussion not only about the woman herself, but also about the amount of time we had available for gathering and organizing times in which she lived and the other factors that made her life material on the history of women and adapting it to the what it was. Each student seemed to take a particular pride in elementary level. the woman studied-it could be felt in the tone of their voices Since textbook material on women is practically when they began, "My woman is . -
Annual Report 2014
Annual Report 2014 “Service is the rent you pay for room on this “You cannot shake hands earth.” Board of Directorswith a clenched fist.” “Never doubt that a ‐Shirley Chisholm(as of 12/31/14) Indira Gandhi small group of thoughtful Jeseñia Brown, President Delaine Bailey-Lane, Vice President committed citizens can Christina Stoneburner, Esq., Treasurer change the world. Indeed, “How wonderfulDiane it Ruffle, is Secretary“No real social change that nobody needMelody Brownwait has ever been brought it is the only thing that Sabrina Elson ever has.” a single momentBarbara before Gaba, Ph.D. about without a Patricia Granda Margaret Mead starting to improveJaney Hamlett the revolution... revolution is world.” Jacqueline Jenkins but thought carried into Natalie Kraner, Esq. “The first problem for all Anne Frank Lois Nelson action.” Karen Pfeifer-Jones Emma Goldman of us, men and women, Phyllis Reich “If society willShruti notShah is not to learn, but to admit of woman’s “Prejudice is a burden unlearn.” The Mission of the YWCA USA ‐Gloria Steinem free development,The YWCA is dedicated to thateliminating confuses racism, empowering the past, women then societyand promotingmust be peace, justice,threatens freedom and dignitythe future for all. and “For what is done or remodeled.”The Local Purposerenders of the YWCA the present Union County Elizabeth BlackwellThe YWCA Union County seeksinaccessible.” to create an environment through which learnedwomen empower by one class of themselves and work to lead non-violent lives. The ultimate purpose is to heal the wounds of women and children, whether Mayathey are Angelouof the heart, mind, body, or soul. -
My Name Is Not Isabella a Common Core State Standards-Aligned Guide Grades K–2 By: Jennifer Fosberry
EDUCATOR'S GUIDE My Name Is Not Isabella A Common Core State Standards-aligned Guide Grades K–2 By: Jennifer Fosberry PreReading Questions & Activities Throughout this book, Isabella pretends she is different famous people from history. Ask students: “Have you ever pretended you were someone else? Why did you choose that person?” Do a picture book walk-through. Before you read the book to the class, have them closely examine the illustrations on each page. Discuss what is happening. Have students identify illustration details and explain what the details tell them about the story’s characters, settings, and events. Have students examine the cover of the book. Read the title. Discuss what they think the story will be about. Vocabulary In this book, students will encounter the following professions and historical fi gures. Using the biographical sketches provided by the book, acquaint the class with the following: Astronaut Sally Ride Sharpshooter Annie Oakley Activist Rosa Parks Scientist Marie Curie Doctor Elizabeth Blackwell Discussion Questions & Activities Readers Theater Now that students have read the book, performing it as a group is an effective way to improve comprehension. My Name Is Not Isabella is a perfect text for this activity because Isabella herself plays many different roles throughout the book. Identify the characters in the book and the personas Isabella assumes. NOTE: 1. If class size requires, use a different mother and Isabella for each scene. Alternatively, the instructor may play the mother in order to manage and prompt performers. 2. Transform the line “I am not Isabella...” to “She is not Isabella...” and have this line read by a chorus composed of class members not involved in the current scene. -
European Journal of American Studies, 10-1 | 2015 Introduction : Waging Health: Women in Nineteenth-Century American Wars 2
European journal of American studies 10-1 | 2015 Special Issue: Women in the USA Introduction : Waging Health: Women in Nineteenth-Century American Wars Carmen Birkle and Justine Tally Electronic version URL: https://journals.openedition.org/ejas/10665 DOI: 10.4000/ejas.10665 ISSN: 1991-9336 Publisher European Association for American Studies Electronic reference Carmen Birkle and Justine Tally, “Introduction : Waging Health: Women in Nineteenth-Century American Wars”, European journal of American studies [Online], 10-1 | 2015, document 2.1, Online since 31 March 2015, connection on 08 July 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/ejas/10665 ; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/ejas.10665 This text was automatically generated on 8 July 2021. Creative Commons License Introduction : Waging Health: Women in Nineteenth-Century American Wars 1 Introduction : Waging Health: Women in Nineteenth-Century American Wars Carmen Birkle and Justine Tally 1 Thinking of war from a U.S.-American perspective will almost immediately evoke associations of male soldiers fighting heroic battles for a good cause such as democracy and/or the liberation of people from dictatorships, tyrannies, and torture. However, as more detailed and on-site news coverage has increasingly shown, this vision is entirely too limited. Among many possible revisionist perspectives is that of those women who have been involved in wars from a medical point of view and have significantly changed the life of soldiers through their work as doctors, nurses and care-givers. Among the more well-known, the British nurse Florence Nightingale revolutionized nursing and hygiene in the nineteenth century so that for the first time during the Crimean War there would not be more soldiers who died of diseases and infections rather than on the battlefield; and the Jamaican “doctress” and nurse, Mary Seacole, ran a hotel and became a mother figure for many soldiers during the same war. -
Jacqueline Cochran Held More Speed, Altitude, and Distance Records Than Any Other Male Or Female Pilot in Aviation History…
¾ Aviation Pioneer ¾ Entrepreneur ¾ Leader ¾ Legend At the time of her death in 1980, Jacqueline Cochran held more speed, altitude, and distance records than any other male or female pilot in aviation history… Jacqueline Cochran’s record book will never…NEVER…be duplicated. GREATEST WOMEN This presentation chronicles “The PILOT!! Aviation Achievements of Ms. Jackie Cochran.” Jackie Cochran’s accomplishments match those of our Airpower legends ¾ Pilot License (1932) ¾ London to Melbourne (1934) ¾ First Bendix Race (1934) ¾ Accidents? . Yes! ¾ Discouraged? . No! Bendix Trophy... 1938 Harmon Trophy ¾ 1937 ¾ 1938 ¾ 1939 ¾ 1940-49 ¾ 1953 ¾ 1961 Test Pilot 1938-1942 ¾ P-38 ¾ P-47 ¾ P-51 ¾ B-17 ¾ British Air Transport Auxiliary (1941) ¾ President, “Ninety-Nines” (1941-1943) Director, US Women’s Flying Training… September 1942 Trained 1800 women for flight duty during WWII ¾ Founder/Director Women’s Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs)… July 1943 ¾ French Legion of Merit (1949) ¾ French Air Medal (1951) ¾ Decorated by 25 nations ¾ First Woman to break the Sound Barrier… ¾ 18 May 1953 ¾ First Woman to Land and then Take Off from an Aircraft Carrier ¾ A3D Skywarrior on USS Independence… 1960 ¾ President-Federation Aeronautique‘ Internationale (1958-61) ¾ Chairman-National Aeronautic Association (1962) ¾ First Woman to fly twice the speed of sound…3 June 1964 1429 nautical miles per hour!! ¾ World Altitude Record… 1961 55,253 feet!! ¾ Air Force Academy… 1975 National Aviation Hall of Fame (1971) Smithsonian (1981) Motorsports Hall of Fame (1993) Colonel in USAF Reserve Distinguished Service Medal (1945) Distinguished Flying Cross w/2 Oak Leaf Clusters (May 1969) Legion of Merit (1970) Additional Achievements Cosmetics Business (1932) Politics (1946) Frank M.