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James Edward Oglethorpe Was a British

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James Edward Oglethorpe Was a British Founded, 1732 GEORGIA Founded by James Oglethorpe JAMES EDWARD OGLETHORPE WAS A BRITISH... general,general, MemberMember ofof Parliament,Parliament, philanthropist,philanthropist, andand founderfounder ofof thethe colonycolony ofof Georgia.Georgia. AsAs aa socialsocial reformer,reformer, hehe hopedhoped toto resettleresettle Britain’sBritain's poor,poor, especiallyespecially thosethose inin debtor’sdebtor’s prisons,prisons Newto the World. New World. In 1732, James It had two main Oglethorpe was given purposes: to serve as a a charter from King place where debtors in George II to create a prison could go to start new colony, which he anew and it served as a would name Georgia. barrier against This was located Spanish expansion between South from Florida. Carolina and Florida. [1] Founded, 1663 SOUTH CAROLINA Given to 8 noble friends as a reward for helping King Charles regain the throne in England! KING CHARLES II REWARDED 8 OF HIS CLOSEST FRIENDS with a charter in North America for a piece of land called “Carolus” (latin for Charles). The king’s father, King Charles I was executed during the English Civil War by ignoring the demands and wishes of the English citizens. In 1663, King Charles nobles created II issued a royal Carolina. However, charter to eight because of internal nobles to settle the problems, the crown area south of took over the colony Virginia as a reward and formed North for helping him Carolina and South regain his power in Carolina out of it in England. These 1729. [2] Founded, 1663 NORTH CAROLINA Given to 8 noble friends as a reward for helping King Charles regain the throne in England! KING CHARLES II REWARDED 8 OF HIS CLOSEST FRIENDS with a charter in North America for a piece of land called “Carolus” (latin for Charles). The king’s father, King Charles I was executed during the English Civil War by ignoring the demands and wishes of the English citizens. In 1663, King Charles II colony and formed North issued a royal charter to Carolina and South eight nobles to settle the Carolina out of it in 1729. area south of Virginia as a reward for helping him However, the Northern regain his power in half of “Carolina” was England. These nobles settled much quicker than created Carolina. the South due to Virginia However, because of settlers moving south internal problems, the seeking opportunities for crown took over the more land. [3] Founded, 1607 VIRGINIA Created to find gold, convert the natives to Christianity, and establish an English power in the New World! THE VIRGINIA COMPANY OF LONDON FOUNDED VIRGINIA during the reign of King James I (1566-1625). It all began with the establishment of Jamestown, the first successful English colony in the New World. In 1624, the Virginia colony was created which included the original Jamestown. Jamestown was the tobacco originally founded industry began from a desire to flourishing. gain wealth and to Eventually, the a lesser extent to settlement took convert the root. People natives to continued to Christianity. It arrive and new had a hard time at settlements first and didn’t arose. In 1624, flourish until the Virginia was made colonists received a royal colony. their own land and [4] Founded, 1638 DELAWARE Founded by Peter Minuit and the New Sweden Company THE DUTCH FIRST SETTLED DELAWARE IN 1631, ALTHOUGH all of the original settlers were killed in a disagreement with local natives. Although founded by Peter same as that of more Minuit, Delaware southern areas (Virginia eventually came under the and Maryland) and each control of William Penn, had their own distinct the owner of Pennsylvania. system of government. He Delaware was never a true attempted to merge the colony by itself, but was two governments together, known as the “lower however representatives counties of Pennsylvania.” from both areas clashed Penn had a very hard time heavily and in 1703 Penn governing Delaware agreed to break them up. because the economy and geology was largely the [5] Founded, 1634 MARYLAND Calling all Catholics! MARYLAND WAS A DUAL-PURPOSE COLONY. WHILE IT was founded for profit, it was also a refuge for Catholics. allowing all Christians to Lord Baltimore received land worship as they pleased. from King Charles I to create a haven for Catholics who Religious freedom for different were still being persecuted in sects of Christianity was England. His son, the widespread, especially after second Lord Baltimore, the passage of the Act of personally owned all the land Toleration in 1649 which and could use or sell it as he allowed for toleration to all wished. In 1649, the Christians. Maryland To l e r a t i o n Act was passed eventually became known as a 'haven for Catholics'. [6] Founded, 1682 PENNSYLVANIA Wishing to begin a “holy experiment,” William Penn sought to create a colony for Quakers. THE PENNSYLVANIA COLONY WAS WELL-ADVERTISED, and by 1700 was the 3rd most populated and the richest colony in the Americas. The Quakers were was Philadelphia. This persecuted by the colony quickly became English and wished to one of the largest in have a colony in the New World. His America. William goal was to create a Penn received a grant colony that allowed for which the King called freedom of religion Pennsylvania. Penn due to his desire to wished to begin a protect himself and “holy experiment.” fellow Quakers from The first settlement persecution. [7] Founded, 1664 NEW JERSEY Originally part of New Netherland, New Jersey and New York spilt due to its size. LIKE NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY WAS INITIALLY COLONIZED by Dutch settlers. The colony was called New Netherland, and included parts of modern-day New York and New Jersey. In 1664, James, the would become New Duke of York, received Jersey. The two control of New advertised and Netherlands (modern promised settlers day New York). many benefits for Governing this large colonizing including territory became too liberal land grants, difficult, so the Duke representative granted land to two of government, and his friends, Lord freedom of religion. Berkeley and Sir The colony quickly George Carteret. This grew. [8] Founded, 1639 CONNECTICUT After many violent disputes with the natives, including the Pequot War, land is divided up and Connecticut is born. CONNECTICUT WAS ORIGINALLY SETTLED BY DUTCH FUR traderstraders in in1614. 1614. They They sailed sailed up the up Connecticut the Connecticut River a Riverbuilt a and fort builtnear present-daya fort near Hartfordpresent-day Hartford. !Thee " firstrst English English se# lerssettlers arrived arrived in MuchMuch of land land se settled#led by theby coloniststhe Connecticutin Connecticut in 1633 in under1633 theunder the colonistswas purchased was from purchased the Mohegan from the leadership of Reverendof Reverend !omas Thomas Hooker. MoheganIndians. ! Indians.e Pequot tribe,The Pequothowever, !Hooker.ey were TheyPuritans were from Puritans the from tribe,wanted however, the land. Soon,wanted violence the land. erupted Massachusethe Massachusetts#s Bay Colony. Bay Colony. Soon,between violence se#lers and erupted the Pequot between Indians settlers and the Pequot Indians in in 1637. In what came to be known as AAfter$er their their arrival, arrival, several several colonies were 1637. In what came to be known the Pequot War, the Pequots were establishedcolonies were including established the Colony of as the Pequot War, The Pequots systematically massacred. Pequot lands Connecticut,including the Old Colony Saybrooke, of Windsor, were systematically massacred. were divided among the se#lers and Hartford,Connecticut, and New Old Haven. Saybrooke, Hartford Pequot lands were divided among !omas Hooker led dra$ed a plan of Windsor, Hartford, and New the settlers and and Thomas quickly became an important center of Haven. Hartford quickly became Hookergovernment. led draftedFinally, in a 1662, plan of government and trade. an important center of government.Connecticut became Finally, an o in% cial1662, colony. government and trade. Connecticut became an official colony.. [9] Founded, 1636 RHODE ISLAND Rhode Island was created on the idea that the government cannot rule based on religious law. ROGER WILLIAMS, FOUNDER OF RHODE ISLAND, ARGUED against the Puritan laws that governed Massachusetts. He was one of the first to argue for the separation of church and state - a law which now forbids the government to favor or support any religion. RogerRoger&Williams’&intolerance&of& Williams’ intolerance of the likethe&people&and&ultimately& Roger Williams could influence rules,the&rules,&laws&and&customs&of& laws and customs of the thethreaten&the&church.& people and ultimately threaten the&Puritans&caused&him&to& Puritans caused him to preach for the church. In the fall of 1635, they preach&for&religious&tolerance.& In&the&fall&of&1635,&they&voted&to& religiousHe&argued&against&the&Puritan& tolerance. He argued votedbanish&him.&&However&before& to banish him. Before the againstlaws&that&controlled&the& the Puritans laws that henchmenthe&henchmen&reached&his& reached his home, controlledpopulations.&&He&was&one&of&the& the populations. He was however,home,&Williams&ventured&off& Williams ventured off himself&toward&Narragansett& one;irst&to&call&for&the&separation&of& of the first to call for the himself toward Narragansett Bay in church&and&state&–&a&law&which& Bay.&After&many&weeks&of& separation of church and state – a January of 1636. After many weeks of now&forbids&the&government&to& traveling&through&the& lawuse&any&religion&to∈luence&the& which now forbids the travelingwilderness&of&New&England,& through the wilderness of governmentpeople. to use any religion to NewWilliams&purchased&land&from& England, Williams purchased influence the people. landthe&local&Indians&and&founded& from the local Indians and The&intolerant&Puritans&often& the&town&of&Providence.& founded the town of Providence. made&a&point&to&suppress& Williams&devised&a&compact& Theindividuals&with&divergent& intolerant Puritans often made a Williamsthat&allowed&all&residents&to& devised a compact that pointviews.&They&feared&people to suppress individuals !withlike& allowedvote&regardless&of&their& all residents to vote divergentRoger&Williams&could∈luence& views.
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