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The Pennsylvania Assembly's Conflict with the Penns, 1754-1768
Liberty University “The Jaws of Proprietary Slavery”: The Pennsylvania Assembly’s Conflict With the Penns, 1754-1768 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the History Department in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts in History by Steven Deyerle Lynchburg, Virginia March, 2013 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: Liberty or Security: Outbreak of Conflict Between the Assembly and Proprietors ......9 Chapter 2: Bribes, Repeals, and Riots: Steps Toward a Petition for Royal Government ..............33 Chapter 3: Securing Privilege: The Debates and Election of 1764 ...............................................63 Chapter 4: The Greater Threat: Proprietors or Parliament? ...........................................................90 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................113 1 Introduction In late 1755, the vituperative Reverend William Smith reported to his proprietor Thomas Penn that there was “a most wicked Scheme on Foot to run things into Destruction and involve you in the ruins.” 1 The culprits were the members of the colony’s unicameral legislative body, the Pennsylvania Assembly (also called the House of Representatives). The representatives held a different opinion of the conflict, believing that the proprietors were the ones scheming, in order to “erect their desired Superstructure of despotic Power, and reduce to -
Documenting the University of Pennsylvania's Connection to Slavery
Documenting the University of Pennsylvania’s Connection to Slavery Clay Scott Graubard The University of Pennsylvania, Class of 2019 April 19, 2018 © 2018 CLAY SCOTT GRAUBARD ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DOCUMENTING PENN’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 1 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 2 OVERVIEW 3 LABOR AND CONSTRUCTION 4 PRIMER ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE COLLEGE AND ACADEMY OF PHILADELPHIA 5 EBENEZER KINNERSLEY (1711 – 1778) 7 ROBERT SMITH (1722 – 1777) 9 THOMAS LEECH (1685 – 1762) 11 BENJAMIN LOXLEY (1720 – 1801) 13 JOHN COATS (FL. 1719) 13 OTHERS 13 LABOR AND CONSTRUCTION CONCLUSION 15 FINANCIAL ASPECTS 17 WEST INDIES FUNDRAISING 18 SOUTH CAROLINA FUNDRAISING 25 TRUSTEES OF THE COLLEGE AND ACADEMY OF PHILADELPHIA 31 WILLIAM ALLEN (1704 – 1780) AND JOSEPH TURNER (1701 – 1783): FOUNDERS AND TRUSTEES 31 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1706 – 1790): FOUNDER, PRESIDENT, AND TRUSTEE 32 EDWARD SHIPPEN (1729 – 1806): TREASURER OF THE TRUSTEES AND TRUSTEE 33 BENJAMIN CHEW SR. (1722 – 1810): TRUSTEE 34 WILLIAM SHIPPEN (1712 – 1801): FOUNDER AND TRUSTEE 35 JAMES TILGHMAN (1716 – 1793): TRUSTEE 35 NOTE REGARDING THE TRUSTEES 36 FINANCIAL ASPECTS CONCLUSION 37 CONCLUSION 39 THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 40 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 42 BIBLIOGRAPHY 43 DOCUMENTING PENN’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 2 INTRODUCTION DOCUMENTING PENN’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 3 Overview The goal of this paper is to present the facts regarding the University of Pennsylvania’s (then the College and Academy of Philadelphia) significant connections to slavery and the slave trade. The first section of the paper will cover the construction and operation of the College and Academy in the early years. As slavery was integral to the economy of British North America, to fully understand the University’s connection to slavery the second section will cover the financial aspects of the College and Academy, its Trustees, and its fundraising. -
PEAES Guide: the Historical Society of Pennsylvania
PEAES Guide: The Historical Society of Pennsylvania http://www.librarycompany.org/Economics/PEAESguide/hsp.htm Keyword Search Entire Guide View Resources by Institution Search Guide Institutions Surveyed - Select One The Historical Society of Pennsylvania 1300 Locust Street Philadelphia, PA 19107 215-732-6200 http://www.hsp.org Overview: The entries in this survey highlight some of the most important collections, as well as some of the smaller gems, that researchers will find valuable in their work on the early American economy. Together, they are a representative sampling of the range of manuscript collections at HSP, but scholars are urged to pursue fruitful lines of inquiry to locate and use the scores of additional materials in each area that is surveyed here. There are numerous helpful unprinted guides at HSP that index or describe large collections. Some of these are listed below, especially when they point in numerous directions for research. In addition, the HSP has a printed Guide to the Manuscript Collections of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania (HSP: Philadelphia, 1991), which includes an index of proper names; it is not especially helpful for searching specific topics, item names, of subject areas. In addition, entries in the Guide are frequently too brief to explain the richness of many collections. Finally, although the on-line guide to the manuscript collections is generally a reproduction of the Guide, it is at present being updated, corrected, and expanded. This survey does not contain a separate section on land acquisition, surveying, usage, conveyance, or disputes, but there is much information about these subjects in the individual collections reviewed below. -
4Th Floor Vault Collections to Be Inaccessible Updated August 19 2013 Early American Newspapers to 1799
4th floor vault collections to be inaccessible Updated August 19 2013 Early American newspapers to 1799 [Pennsylvania Gazette is available in facsimile] #1910 Edward A. Acton papers, 1861-1862 #1919 William Frederick Allen correspondence, 1860-1865 #1745 Anderson family papers, 1797-1913 #1972A Ashhurst family papers, 1797-1907 #1972B Ashhurst family papers, 1796-1890 #1992 Ashhurst family papers, 1834-1890 #1976 Humphrey Atherton papers, 1788-1845 #1649 Bank of Pennsylvania records, 1720-1861 #1390A Bank of the United States of Pennsylvania dissolution papers,1840-1855 #1390B Bank of the United States of Pennsylvania dissolution papers,1828-1865 #2145 Alice Beardwood collection of Philadelphia business scrapbooks, 1839-1920 #3132 Beath family menu card collection, 1860-1913 #2158 Berks County legal Papers, 1784-1881 #1889 Charles Malone Betts papers, 1862-1865 #3179 Adele Biddle papers, 1848-1889 #2146 Biddle family papers, 1688-1883 #1792 Biddle family papers, 1683-1954 #3178 Biddle family letters, 1817-1847 #1881 James Cornell Biddle letters, 1861-1865 #1621 James Stokes Biddle papers, 1833-1859 #3180 John Craig Biddle correspondence and miscellaneous items, 1834-1907 #2039 Nicholas Biddle papers, 1776-1863 #1538 A Life of Nicholas Biddle (manuscript) by Burton Alva Konkle, 1928 #3181 William F. Biddle papers, 1861-1876 #1451A Biddle and Craig family papers, 1779-1837 #1339 Biddle stock certificates, 1804-1866 #D0148 Bissell deeds collection, circa 1750-1850 D0059 Elizabeth Boyd collection of miscellaneous deeds and ephemera, 1852-1961 #1863 Bradford family papers, 1774-1923 #1497 Briefs of Title of Philadelphia, 1820-1900 #1983 Brinton Coxe family papers, 1787-1917 #1918 Coleman Peace Brown papers, 1885-1957 #2015 Marjorie P. -
The Robert Biddle and Anna Miller Biddle House Development
The Robert Biddle and Anna Miller Biddle House A history of 309 Bank Avenue, Riverton, New Jersey Prepared by Roger T. Prichard for the Historical Society of Riverton, rev. November 29, 2018 The ten founders of Riverton commissioned architect Samuel Sloan to create villas for them on the riverbank of the new town. Philadelphian Robert Biddle was the first owner of the villa which became 309 Bank Avenue, part of the original Lippincott farm. All ten were built during the spring and summer of 1851. Robert Biddle continued to live there during the warm months until about 1896 when he appears to have moved there year-round. He died there in 1902 at the age of 88. He far outlived all of 309 Bank Avenue, July 17, 2018 the rest of the founders. photo by Roger Prichard Development On February 8, 1851, Daniel Leeds Miller, Jr. purchased about 120 acres of farmland from Joseph and Beulah Lippincott for $20,000. On today’s street plan this parcel would be bounded by the riverbank, the railroad, Howard Street and Church Lane. Miller was acting on behalf of a group of ten investors, including himself. Their intentions for the new town of Riverton were described in the Philadelphia Public Ledger of April 9, 1851. It named many but not all of the ten founders. Robert Biddle was not mentioned but his brother William was, along with an Edward C. Biddle. There was an Edward Canby Biddle who was a first cousin of the brothers Robert and William, so it is possible that he was an early partner in the creation of Riverton but Robert replaced him shortly thereafter. -
The 'Philadelphia Election ^Iot 0/1742*
The 'Philadelphia Election ^iot 0/1742* "^W "^T "TEE ARE thoroughly sensible of the Great Disadvantage \ /\/ Sir William Keith's management has been to our • • Interest/1 the Pennsylvania Proprietors wrote to James Logan, "but we hope now he is in England the People will Coole in their Zeal to his Party, so that we may get a good Assembly Chose."1 Their hope was already a reality. Keithian politics no longer had any significance; the old coalition which had gathered around the fiery and independent Governor ceased to exist almost with his departure for England in 1728. Only five of his supporters were returned to the legislature in 1729, and by the following year but three remained.2 The issues which created the controversies during the 1720's were already passe. The old leadership either died off, or gave up its positions of power, and in turn was supplanted during the next decade by a group of talented and younger men—Benjamin Franklin, Isaac Norris II, Israel Pemberton, Jr., William Allen, and James Hamilton.3 While party organization may have been more advanced in Penn- sylvania than in any other colony, it still depended upon personal relationships with control in the hands of a few wealthy families. The * This article, in somewhat different form, was read at a session devoted to early Pennsyl- vania history during the annual meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch of the American Historical Association at Stanford University on Aug. 29, 1967. !The Proprietors to James Logan, Nov. 11, 1728, Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series, VII, 111-112. -
The Democratic Party and the Transformation of American Conservatism, 1847-1860
PRESERVING THE WHITE MAN’S REPUBLIC: THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF AMERICAN CONSERVATISM, 1847-1860 Joshua A. Lynn A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: Harry L. Watson William L. Barney Laura F. Edwards Joseph T. Glatthaar Michael Lienesch © 2015 Joshua A. Lynn ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Joshua A. Lynn: Preserving the White Man’s Republic: The Democratic Party and the Transformation of American Conservatism, 1847-1860 (Under the direction of Harry L. Watson) In the late 1840s and 1850s, the American Democratic party redefined itself as “conservative.” Yet Democrats’ preexisting dedication to majoritarian democracy, liberal individualism, and white supremacy had not changed. Democrats believed that “fanatical” reformers, who opposed slavery and advanced the rights of African Americans and women, imperiled the white man’s republic they had crafted in the early 1800s. There were no more abstract notions of freedom to boundlessly unfold; there was only the existing liberty of white men to conserve. Democrats therefore recast democracy, previously a progressive means to expand rights, as a way for local majorities to police racial and gender boundaries. In the process, they reinvigorated American conservatism by placing it on a foundation of majoritarian democracy. Empowering white men to democratically govern all other Americans, Democrats contended, would preserve their prerogatives. With the policy of “popular sovereignty,” for instance, Democrats left slavery’s expansion to territorial settlers’ democratic decision-making. -
Genealogical Sketch of the Descendants of Samuel Spencer Of
C)\\vA CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 924 096 785 351 Cornell University Library The original of this bool< is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924096785351 In compliance with current copyright law, Cornell University Library produced this replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1992 to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. 2003 CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY : GENEALOGICAL SKETCH OF THE DESCENDANTS OF Samuel Spencer OF PENNSYLVANIA BY HOWARD M. JENKINS AUTHOR OF " HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS RELATING TO GWYNEDD," VOLUME ONE, "MEMORIAL HISTORY OF PHILADELPHIA," ETC., ETC. |)l)Uabei|it)ia FERRIS & LEACH 29 North Seventh Street 1904 . CONTENTS. Page I. Samuel Spencer, Immigrant, I 11. John Spencer, of Bucks County, II III. Samuel Spencer's Wife : The Whittons, H IV. Samuel Spencer, 2nd, 22 V. William. Spencer, of Bucks, 36 VI. The Spencer Genealogy 1 First and Second Generations, 2. Third Generation, J. Fourth Generation, 79 ^. Fifth Generation, 114. J. Sixth Generation, 175 6. Seventh Generation, . 225 VII. Supplementary .... 233 ' ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Page 32, third line, "adjourned" should be, of course, "adjoined." Page 33, footnote, the date 1877 should read 1787. " " Page 37, twelfth line from bottom, Three Tons should be "Three Tuns. ' Page 61, Hannah (Shoemaker) Shoemaker, Owen's second wife, must have been a grand-niece, not cousin, of Gaynor and Eliza. Thus : Joseph Lukens and Elizabeth Spencer. Hannah, m. Shoemaker. Gaynor Eliza Other children. I Charles Shoemaker Hannah, m. Owen S. Page 62, the name Horsham is divided at end of line as if pronounced Hor-sham ; the pronunciation is Hors-ham. -
Biddle Family
PREFA E C . T HE wish to acquire as au then ti c an d definite a kn o wl edge as po ssible o f the pro genito r o f my patern al family an d o f his es e a ts Am e a l ed m e so m e ea s a o d c nd n in ric , y r g to begin coll ecting from o th er members o f the family co es f the ea ee s o ss In o pi o rly D d in th eir p sse io n . d ing this there was al so gradu ally accumul ated a goo d deal o f info rmatio n abo u t the family ge n eal ogy ; an d there is so ’ much satisfactio n in kn owing o ne s ancesto rs— where they sett e e an d e an d w at t e an d w at l d , liv d di d , h h y did , h b ecam e o f their d esc end ants— that I h av e tho ught it worth while to pu t into print the pro min ent parts o f this fo mat o to et e w t an a st a t o f the mo e m o in r i n , g h r i h b r c r i p r t e s tan D ed . I cann ot h ere n am e all who hav e assi ste d me in the e ea o a a t o f m wo k b u t I am e s e a o g n l gic l p r y r , und r p ci l bli M f m N i n r A B o a e . -
Loyalists in War, Americans in Peace: the Reintegration of the Loyalists, 1775-1800
University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2008 LOYALISTS IN WAR, AMERICANS IN PEACE: THE REINTEGRATION OF THE LOYALISTS, 1775-1800 Aaron N. Coleman University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Coleman, Aaron N., "LOYALISTS IN WAR, AMERICANS IN PEACE: THE REINTEGRATION OF THE LOYALISTS, 1775-1800" (2008). University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations. 620. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/620 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF DISSERATION Aaron N. Coleman The Graduate School University of Kentucky 2008 LOYALISTS IN WAR, AMERICANS IN PEACE: THE REINTEGRATION OF THE LOYALISTS, 1775-1800 _________________________________________________ ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION _________________________________________________ A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Kentucky By Aaron N. Coleman Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Daniel Blake Smith, Professor of History Lexington, Kentucky 2008 Copyright © Aaron N. Coleman 2008 iv ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION LOYALISTS IN WAR, AMERICANS IN PEACE: THE REINTEGRATION OF THE LOYALISTS, 1775-1800 After the American Revolution a number of Loyalists, those colonial Americans who remained loyal to England during the War for Independence, did not relocate to the other dominions of the British Empire. -
Martin's Bench and Bar of Philadelphia
MARTIN'S BENCH AND BAR OF PHILADELPHIA Together with other Lists of persons appointed to Administer the Laws in the City and County of Philadelphia, and the Province and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania BY , JOHN HILL MARTIN OF THE PHILADELPHIA BAR OF C PHILADELPHIA KKKS WELSH & CO., PUBLISHERS No. 19 South Ninth Street 1883 Entered according to the Act of Congress, On the 12th day of March, in the year 1883, BY JOHN HILL MARTIN, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. W. H. PILE, PRINTER, No. 422 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Stack Annex 5 PREFACE. IT has been no part of my intention in compiling these lists entitled "The Bench and Bar of Philadelphia," to give a history of the organization of the Courts, but merely names of Judges, with dates of their commissions; Lawyers and dates of their ad- mission, and lists of other persons connected with the administra- tion of the Laws in this City and County, and in the Province and Commonwealth. Some necessary information and notes have been added to a few of the lists. And in addition it may not be out of place here to state that Courts of Justice, in what is now the Com- monwealth of Pennsylvania, were first established by the Swedes, in 1642, at New Gottenburg, nowTinicum, by Governor John Printz, who was instructed to decide all controversies according to the laws, customs and usages of Sweden. What Courts he established and what the modes of procedure therein, can only be conjectur- ed by what subsequently occurred, and by the record of Upland Court. -
Legal Profession in Colonial America Anton-Hermann Chroust
Notre Dame Law Review Volume 33 | Issue 3 Article 4 5-1-1958 Legal Profession in Colonial America Anton-Hermann Chroust Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndlr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Anton-Hermann Chroust, Legal Profession in Colonial America, 33 Notre Dame L. Rev. 350 (1958). Available at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndlr/vol33/iss3/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Notre Dame Law Review by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE LEGAL PROFESSION IN COLONIAL AMERICA* Anton-Hermann Chroustt VI. NEw YORK New York accepted the common law of England as the basis of its own law at a relatively early stage. This favorable attitude towards English law is to a large extent probably due to the fact that the colony was acquired by conquest rather than settlement. Soon after the English had taken over New Amsterdam from the Dutch in 1664 and had renamed it New York, a code of laws was promulgated under the title of the Duke's Laws. In 1673 the Dutch retook New York and re-introduced the old Dutch laws, but lost it again in 1674 to the British who restored the code of 1665. This code, which is mainly the work of Matthias Nicolls, a barrister from Lincoln's Inn (1649), drew alike from the com- mon law, the Dutch colonial laws and from some of the local laws in force in the New England colonies.