Catalogue of the Alumni of the University of Pennsylvania
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The Pennsylvania Assembly's Conflict with the Penns, 1754-1768
Liberty University “The Jaws of Proprietary Slavery”: The Pennsylvania Assembly’s Conflict With the Penns, 1754-1768 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the History Department in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Arts in History by Steven Deyerle Lynchburg, Virginia March, 2013 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1 Chapter 1: Liberty or Security: Outbreak of Conflict Between the Assembly and Proprietors ......9 Chapter 2: Bribes, Repeals, and Riots: Steps Toward a Petition for Royal Government ..............33 Chapter 3: Securing Privilege: The Debates and Election of 1764 ...............................................63 Chapter 4: The Greater Threat: Proprietors or Parliament? ...........................................................90 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................113 1 Introduction In late 1755, the vituperative Reverend William Smith reported to his proprietor Thomas Penn that there was “a most wicked Scheme on Foot to run things into Destruction and involve you in the ruins.” 1 The culprits were the members of the colony’s unicameral legislative body, the Pennsylvania Assembly (also called the House of Representatives). The representatives held a different opinion of the conflict, believing that the proprietors were the ones scheming, in order to “erect their desired Superstructure of despotic Power, and reduce to -
Documenting the University of Pennsylvania's Connection to Slavery
Documenting the University of Pennsylvania’s Connection to Slavery Clay Scott Graubard The University of Pennsylvania, Class of 2019 April 19, 2018 © 2018 CLAY SCOTT GRAUBARD ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DOCUMENTING PENN’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 1 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 2 OVERVIEW 3 LABOR AND CONSTRUCTION 4 PRIMER ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE COLLEGE AND ACADEMY OF PHILADELPHIA 5 EBENEZER KINNERSLEY (1711 – 1778) 7 ROBERT SMITH (1722 – 1777) 9 THOMAS LEECH (1685 – 1762) 11 BENJAMIN LOXLEY (1720 – 1801) 13 JOHN COATS (FL. 1719) 13 OTHERS 13 LABOR AND CONSTRUCTION CONCLUSION 15 FINANCIAL ASPECTS 17 WEST INDIES FUNDRAISING 18 SOUTH CAROLINA FUNDRAISING 25 TRUSTEES OF THE COLLEGE AND ACADEMY OF PHILADELPHIA 31 WILLIAM ALLEN (1704 – 1780) AND JOSEPH TURNER (1701 – 1783): FOUNDERS AND TRUSTEES 31 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1706 – 1790): FOUNDER, PRESIDENT, AND TRUSTEE 32 EDWARD SHIPPEN (1729 – 1806): TREASURER OF THE TRUSTEES AND TRUSTEE 33 BENJAMIN CHEW SR. (1722 – 1810): TRUSTEE 34 WILLIAM SHIPPEN (1712 – 1801): FOUNDER AND TRUSTEE 35 JAMES TILGHMAN (1716 – 1793): TRUSTEE 35 NOTE REGARDING THE TRUSTEES 36 FINANCIAL ASPECTS CONCLUSION 37 CONCLUSION 39 THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 40 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 42 BIBLIOGRAPHY 43 DOCUMENTING PENN’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 2 INTRODUCTION DOCUMENTING PENN’S CONNECTION TO SLAVERY 3 Overview The goal of this paper is to present the facts regarding the University of Pennsylvania’s (then the College and Academy of Philadelphia) significant connections to slavery and the slave trade. The first section of the paper will cover the construction and operation of the College and Academy in the early years. As slavery was integral to the economy of British North America, to fully understand the University’s connection to slavery the second section will cover the financial aspects of the College and Academy, its Trustees, and its fundraising. -
Alullll'h ST. JOHN's COLLEGE at the Annual
J d ! / D)lLIVERED BEFORE THE ALUllll'H OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE At the Annual Commencement 011 the 22d February, IS36, RY THE ,v jf~ § . HON. ROBERT H. ~OLDSBOROUGH, lN THE PRESENCE OF THE VISITORS _AND GOVERNORS OF THE COLLEGE_. THE GOVERNOR, AND EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF.THE STA.TE THE TWO HOUSES OF THE _GENERAL ASSEMBLY- AND A LARGE CONCOURSE OF CITIZENS, --. ' JN THE COLLEGE HALL, ANNAPOLIS. ANNAPOLIS: .Printed at the request of the Visitors and Governors of the Colkge~ JONAS GREEN, fn!N'l'EI\, -,s February 23d, 1836, ta meeting of the Alumni of St. John's College, held this day, following resolution was unanimously' adopted: ,-Resolved, Tbat 'William Pinkney, Johri II. Culbreth, John G. otid, Jr., Thomas II.'Hagner, and George Grundy, be a Commit. we' to present to the Hon. Robert H. Goldsborough the thanks o:: -the Alumni of St. Jo[m's College, for the eloquent, interesting, an& instructive Address, deliverc,d oefore them at the recent Commence. nicnt of the College; and to request of him a copy for publication, ANNAPOLIS, February 24, 1836. \Ve have the honour to transmit to you the enclosed Resolution, passed at a meeting of the Alumni, held in this City ov the 23d instant. In discharging this duty, permit us to express tlw jiratificat10n it will afford us to receive for publication a copy of tlu, interesting and appropriate Address delivered by you on the 22d o~ February lust, in favour of the Institution, to which we are so mucb l,ndebted, and on which we look with g~atitude and affectionate in. -
The Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. 75 Less Than Two Months
The Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. 75 THE SECOND TROOP PHILADELPHIA CITY CAVALRY. BY W. A. NEWMAN DORLAND, A.M., M.D., F.A.C.S. Major, Medical Corps, U. S. Army; formerly First Lieutenant and Surgeon of the Troop (April 1, 1898-November 10, 1903.) [For references see pp. 90-9^.1 (Continued from Vol. XLVIII, page 382.) Less than two months after the notable and unique parade of December 26,1799, the Second Troop partici- pated in the first celebration of Washington's birthday as a national holiday, which occurred in Philadelphia on February 22, 1800, under the auspices of the Pennsyl- vania Society of the Cincinnati.440 The Troop on this occasion held the place of honor in the line of parade, acting as the escort of the State Society of the Cincin- nati. The following was the announcement issued by the Society of the Cincinnati for this memorable event.441 11 CINCINNATI. "At a meeting of the Pennsylvania State Society of the Cincinnati, held at the State House, in Philadelphia, on the 21st of December, 1799, Brigadier Gen. Mac- pherson in the chair, [the following card was author- ized] : '' In pursuance of a resolution of the Standing Com- mittee of the Penn. Society of the Cincinnati, the mem- bers of the Cincinnati belonging to our Sister States, who may be in the city on Saturday the 22d instant; such officers of the late Eevolutionary army, not members of the Society; the officers of the late army, navy, and militia, are respectfully invited to join in a procession, to be formed at the State House precisely at 12 o 'clock 76 The Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry. -
State of the Park Report, Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park, Georgia
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior State of the Park Report Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park Georgia November 2013 National Park Service. 2013. State of the Park Report for Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park. State of the Park Series No. 8. National Park Service, Washington, D.C. On the cover: Civil War cannon and field of flags at Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park. Disclaimer. This State of the Park report summarizes the current condition of park resources, visitor experience, and park infrastructure as assessed by a combination of available factual information and the expert opinion and professional judgment of park staff and subject matter experts. The internet version of this report provides the associated workshop summary report and additional details and sources of information about the findings summarized in the report, including references, accounts on the origin and quality of the data, and the methods and analytic approaches used in data collection and assessments of condition. This report provides evaluations of status and trends based on interpretation by NPS scientists and managers of both quantitative and non- quantitative assessments and observations. Future condition ratings may differ from findings in this report as new data and knowledge become available. The park superintendent approved the publication of this report. Executive Summary The mission of the National Park Service is to preserve unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of national parks for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations. NPS Management Policies (2006) state that “The Service will also strive to ensure that park resources and values are passed on to future generations in a condition that is as good as, or better than, the conditions that exist today.” As part of the stewardship of national parks for the American people, the NPS has begun to develop State of the Park reports to assess the overall status and trends of each park’s resources. -
Coates and Reynell Family Papers
Collection 140 Coates and Reynell family Papers 1677-1930 (bulk 1730-1850) 66 boxes, 147 vols., 40 lin. feet Contact: The Historical Society of Pennsylvania 1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107 Phone: (215) 732-6200 FAX: (215) 732-2680 http://www.hsp.org Processed by: Sarah Heim Processing Completed: May 2006 Sponsor: Processing made possible by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Restrictions: None. © 2006 The Historical Society of Pennsylvania. All rights reserved. Coates and Reynell Family Papers, 1677-1930 (bulk 1730-1850) 66 boxes, 147 vols., 40 lin. feet Collection 140 Abstract Mary Coates (1707-1773) and her husband John Reynell (1708-1784) presided over a successful dynasty of Quaker professionals and philanthropists, despite having no biological children who lived to adulthood. After the death of Mary’s brother Samuel in 1748, John Reynell took on responsibility for her three orphaned nephews, Thomas, Josiah, and Samuel Jr. Little Samuel (1711-1748) eventually succeeded his “Uncle Reynell” as the head of a prosperous international trade business, dealing in American lumber, Caribbean sugar, and European manufactured goods. A contemporary of Benjamin Franklin, Samuel was among the first shareholders of the Library Company of Philadelphia. His son, Benjamin H. Coates, was a poet and a physician, a founder of the North American Medical and Surgical Journal and an attending physician at several charitable institutions in Philadelphia. Josiah established his own shipping business with his friend Edward Randolph, and fathered a vigorous family. His son George Morrison Coates also became a merchant, specializing in hardware. George’s two unmarried daughters, Beulah and Mary, distinguished themselves as pillars of women’s charitable organizations in the mid-nineteenth century. -
Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY
THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY John Swanwick: Spokesman for "Merchant-Republicanism ' In Philadelphia, 1790-179 8 HE literature on the era of Jeffersonian democracy is largely- dominated by the great triumvirate of Thomas Jefferson, TJames Madison, and Albert Gallatin.* During the last dec- ade, however, historians have been paying more attention to state and local political leaders who played significant roles in the Demo- cratic-Republican movement.1 Among the more notable second-rank * In a somewhat abbreviated form this article was presented as a paper at the annual meeting of the Pennsylvania Historical Association held at Williamsport, Pa., on Oct. 22-23, 1971. The author wishes to express his gratitude to his colleague, Bernard Sternsher, for his helpful editorial suggestions. 1 Historians have given most of their attention to secondary Federalists, but since i960 the number of modern scholarly biographies of less prominent Republicans has increased. We now have first-rate biographies on Robert R. Livingston, David Rittenhouse, Aaron Burr, Daniel D. Tompkins, John Breckinridge, Luther Martin, Benjamin Rush (2), Samuel Smith, and James Monroe. There are also a number of good unpublished doctoral dissertations. Among the more notable studies are those on Elkanah Watson, Simon Snyder, Mathew Carey, Samuel Latham Mitchell, Melancton Smith, Levi Woodbury, William Lowndes, William Duane, William Jones (2), Eleazer Oswald, Thomas McKean, Levi Lincoln, Ephraim Kirby, and John Nicholson. Major biographies of Tench Coxe by Jacob E. Cooke, of John Beckley by Edmund Berkeley, and of Thomas McKean by John M. Coleman and Gail Stuart Rowe are now in progress. 131 132 ROLAND M. -
Philadelphia Merchants, Trans-Atlantic Smuggling, and The
Friends in Low Places: Philadelphia Merchants, Trans-Atlantic Smuggling, and the Secret Deals that Saved the American Revolution By Tynan McMullen University of Colorado Boulder History Honors Thesis Defended 3 April 2020 Thesis Advisor Dr. Virginia Anderson, Department of History Defense Committee Dr. Miriam Kadia, Department of History Capt. Justin Colgrove, Department of Naval Science, USMC 1 Introduction Soldiers love to talk. From privates to generals, each soldier has an opinion, a fact, a story they cannot help themselves from telling. In the modern day, we see this in the form of leaked reports to newspapers and controversial interviews on major networks. On 25 May 1775, as the British American colonies braced themselves for war, an “Officer of distinguished Rank” was running his mouth in the Boston Weekly News-Letter. Boasting about the colonial army’s success during the capture of Fort Ticonderoga two weeks prior, this anonymous officer let details slip about a far more concerning issue. The officer remarked that British troops in Boston were preparing to march out to “give us battle” at Cambridge, but despite their need for ammunition “no Powder is to be found there at present” to supply the Massachusetts militia.1 This statement was not hyperbole. When George Washington took over the Continental Army on 15 June, three weeks later, he was shocked at the complete lack of munitions available to his troops. Two days after that, New England militiamen lost the battle of Bunker Hill in agonizing fashion, repelling a superior British force twice only to be forced back on the third assault. -
The “Trenton in 1775” Mapping Project City of Trenton, Mercer County, New Jersey 1714 1781
THE “TRENTON IN 1775” MAPPING PROJECT CITY OF TRENTON, MERCER COUNTY, NEW JERSEY THE TRENTON HISTORICAL SOCIETY FUNDED BY: THE NEW JERSEY HISTORICAL COMMISSION Prepared by: Hunter Research, Inc. 1781 1714 120 West State Street Trenton, NJ 08608 www.hunterresearch.com Cheryl Hendry, Historian Marjan Osman, Graphic Specialist Damon Tvaryanas, Principal Historian/Architectural Historian Richard Hunter, Principal THE “TRENTON IN 1775” MAPPING PROJECT, CITY OF TRENTON, MERCER COUNTY, NEW JERSEY INTRODUCTION From the standpoint of geographic coverage, the County prior to the formation of Hunterdon County project focused on the historic core of the down- in 1714. The various deeds referenced in these A small cache of colonial manuscripts, includ- The purpose of this project, as expressed in a propos- town on the north side of the Assunpink Creek, an indexes are available on microfilm at the New ing several unrecorded deeds, was located in the al provided by Hunter Research, Inc. to the Trenton area bounded approximately by Petty’s Run on the Jersey State Archives. These documents, typically Trentoniana Collection of the Trenton Public Historical Society in August, 2006, is to develop “a west, the Trenton Battle Monument to the north referenced as “West Jersey Deeds,” were systemati- Library. These materials, totaling approximately detailed map of property ownership and land use for and Montgomery Street on the east. As described cally reviewed and copies printed for those proper- 25 documents of interest, were also systematically downtown Trenton north of the Assunpink Creek in greater detail below, the archival research con- ties within or close to the area of study. -
Genealogical Sketch Of
Genealogy and Historical Notes of Spamer and Smith Families of Maryland Appendix 2. SSeelleecctteedd CCoollllaatteerraall GGeenneeaallooggiieess ffoorr SSttrroonnggllyy CCrroossss--ccoonnnneecctteedd aanndd HHiissttoorriiccaall FFaammiillyy GGrroouuppss WWiitthhiinn tthhee EExxtteennddeedd SSmmiitthh FFaammiillyy Bayard Bache Cadwalader Carroll Chew Coursey Dallas Darnall Emory Foulke Franklin Hodge Hollyday Lloyd McCall Patrick Powel Tilghman Wright NEW EDITION Containing Additions & Corrections to June 2011 and with Illustrations Earle E. Spamer 2008 / 2011 Selected Strongly Cross-connected Collateral Genealogies of the Smith Family Note The “New Edition” includes hyperlinks embedded in boxes throughout the main genealogy. They will, when clicked in the computer’s web-browser environment, automatically redirect the user to the pertinent additions, emendations and corrections that are compiled in the separate “Additions and Corrections” section. Boxed alerts look like this: Also see Additions & Corrections [In the event that the PDF hyperlink has become inoperative or misdirects, refer to the appropriate page number as listed in the Additions and Corrections section.] The “Additions and Corrections” document is appended to the end of the main text herein and is separately paginated using Roman numerals. With a web browser on the user’s computer the hyperlinks are “live”; the user may switch back and forth between the main text and pertinent additions, corrections, or emendations. Each part of the genealogy (Parts I and II, and Appendices 1 and 2) has its own “Additions and Corrections” section. The main text of the New Edition is exactly identical to the original edition of 2008; content and pagination are not changed. The difference is the presence of the boxed “Additions and Corrections” alerts, which are superimposed on the page and do not affect text layout or pagination. -
Maryland's Lower Choptank River Cultural Resource Inventory
Maryland’s Lower Choptank River Cultural Resource Inventory by Ralph E. Eshelman and Carl W. Scheffel, Jr. “So long as the tides shall ebb and flow in Choptank River.” From Philemon Downes will, Hillsboro, circa 1796 U.S. Geological Survey Quadrangle 7.5 Minute Topographic maps covering the Lower Choptank River (below Caroline County) include: Cambridge (1988), Church Creek (1982), East New Market (1988), Oxford (1988), Preston (1988), Sharp Island (1974R), Tilghman (1988), and Trappe (1988). Introduction The Choptank River is Maryland’s longest river of the Eastern Shore. The Choptank River was ranked as one of four Category One rivers (rivers and related corridors which possess a composite resource value with greater than State signific ance) by the Maryland Rivers Study Wild and Scenic Rivers Program in 1985. It has been stated that “no river in the Chesapeake region has done more to shape the character and society of the Eastern Shore than the Choptank.” It has been called “the noblest watercourse on the Eastern Shore.” Name origin: “Chaptanck” is probably a composition of Algonquian words meaning “it flows back strongly,” referring to the river’s tidal changes1 Geological Change and Flooded Valleys The Choptank River is the largest tributary of the Chesapeake Bay on the eastern shore and is therefore part of the largest estuary in North America. This Bay and all its tributaries were once non-tidal fresh water rivers and streams during the last ice age (15,000 years ago) when sea level was over 300 feet below present. As climate warmed and glaciers melted northward sea level rose, and the Choptank valley and Susquehanna valley became flooded. -
Martin's Bench and Bar of Philadelphia
MARTIN'S BENCH AND BAR OF PHILADELPHIA Together with other Lists of persons appointed to Administer the Laws in the City and County of Philadelphia, and the Province and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania BY , JOHN HILL MARTIN OF THE PHILADELPHIA BAR OF C PHILADELPHIA KKKS WELSH & CO., PUBLISHERS No. 19 South Ninth Street 1883 Entered according to the Act of Congress, On the 12th day of March, in the year 1883, BY JOHN HILL MARTIN, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. W. H. PILE, PRINTER, No. 422 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Stack Annex 5 PREFACE. IT has been no part of my intention in compiling these lists entitled "The Bench and Bar of Philadelphia," to give a history of the organization of the Courts, but merely names of Judges, with dates of their commissions; Lawyers and dates of their ad- mission, and lists of other persons connected with the administra- tion of the Laws in this City and County, and in the Province and Commonwealth. Some necessary information and notes have been added to a few of the lists. And in addition it may not be out of place here to state that Courts of Justice, in what is now the Com- monwealth of Pennsylvania, were first established by the Swedes, in 1642, at New Gottenburg, nowTinicum, by Governor John Printz, who was instructed to decide all controversies according to the laws, customs and usages of Sweden. What Courts he established and what the modes of procedure therein, can only be conjectur- ed by what subsequently occurred, and by the record of Upland Court.