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UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. FRANCE.
Juse 24TH, 1873. May i6th, 1877. May i8th, 1877.
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UNITED states. GREAT BRITAIN.
\ Registered No. 5,896.- Registered No. 15,979.
DIRECTION^.
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*. . * _ • DANIEL SLOPE & COMPANY,
NEW YORK. %
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»■ enrolled. Out of this material our im- ! mediate and complete organization of the j Reserve Corps was effected, i One of the first orders issued by the Com- mauding General enjoined on examining surgeons the rejection of all recruits who i did not fully meet the physical requirements of the regular army. This, together with the fact/that the standard of moral courage ! and the spirit of intelligent patriotism were i on a par with the physical excellence of the !men, accounts for the efficiency of the division in the discharge of every soldierly I duty.
®3,OOO,OOO for Military Purposes. The organization was effected in compli¬ Gallant Sons of the Keystone ance with Governor Curtin’s recommenda¬ tion to the Legislature, convened in extra State Who Were the session April 30, 1861, to “recruit and equip 1.5 l egiments exclusive of those called iuto First to March the service of the United States.” ---- May 15 a bill was passed authorizing a loan of 83,000,000, and empowering the Gov¬ ernor to carry out his recommendation. The TO RELIEF OF WASHINGTON. following day George A. McCall, of West --- i Chester, an experienced and competent sol- dier, was appointed and promptly confirmed Made Up of the Rest and Most Sol¬ as Major General, and assigned to the duty 'of organizing the “Pennsylvania Reserve dierly Men, and Aided by N o unteer Corps.” General McCall immedi¬ ately entered upon duty, and labored with such energy that, on June 21, the First Rifles (Bucktails), the Fifth Infantry and Battery GOY. CURTIN’S WISE PATRIOTISM. B, First Artillery, commanded respectively bv Colonels Kane and Simmons and Captain Haston, responded to a call from General Their Grand Military record Unsurpassed in Scott and marched to the support of the Eleventh Indiana, commanded by Colonel the War’s Annals. Lew Wallace, at Cumberland, Md. As fast . as transportation could be furnished after the battle of Bull Run, July 31, the entire BATTUES MANY AND LOSSES ENORMOUS division was thrown into Washington City and there mustered into service. Though the division continued to be designated as
[WRITTEN FOR THE DISPATCH.J the “Pennsylvania Reserves,” it generally led in forward movements, and frequently Among the few prominent statesmen of covered the rear of the army in retreat. the late war period who had sagacity to measuie and wisdom to provide against the First Signs of Hostility. due emergency precipitated by the South¬ . En route to the nation’s Capital the first ern d.sumomsts in the early days of 1861 indication of liostilo sontimont was obsorvod none is more deserving of the gratitude of on reaching Baltimore, where scowling laces and murmurs of indignation greeted the American people than Andrew G. Cur- the Pennsylvania boys. The advance was . tm, -the great war Governor of Pennsyl¬ led by the First Regiment, commanded by vania. He is one of the three surviving , Colonel R. Biddle Roberts, a prominent Governors of the loyal States during the lawyer of Pittsburg, who voiced the senti- war epoch. 6 ' menis of his followers when, in reply to a i pompous policemen who volunteered the in- Ihe Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, the first tormation that it would not be sale to march rehef1* ofd S°ldiei'S to march to the through Baltimore, he said with emphasis: J relief of the beleaguered Capital of the | “Sir, we are not here looking for safe nation, was his own conception and, in 1 places!” great measure, his own creation ' Rhl there was no outbreak ou the part of the citizens. Perhaps a knowledge of the th?wwrSTreSOf the time Predicted fact that every rnusKet was loaded, that 40 [ , "hat they termed the Governor’s folly ' rounds of ammunition reposed in every and extravagance in pushing his pet military | cartridge box, and that an opportunity to scheme would prove his discomfiture, yet • a\ enge the dastardly assault by these same people on the Massachusetts troops on the Cor reC°ld,°f the Penns.vlvania Reserve I Corps stands an imperishable tribute to the ; 19th of April would not be shunned, may have exercised a restraining influence, G Curt’inagaClty ^ patriotism of Andrew i From Washington the regiments were f ■ matched uo ieniialiytown, five miles west Such was the spontaneous and general re¬ where camps were established. There the r sponse to the President’s call that, when the : division was organized into three brigades, ? iequired
soldiers. It v as a complete surprised The Second Bull Run. but the attack ceased shortly after On the 29th the battle of Groveton oc- i our batteries got the range of aud curred, and on the 30th the final and more opened up on the bold rebels. Tne next day disastrous conflict of Manassas or the second j the Reserves were thrown across the river Bull Run was fought. In this engagement! on a pontoon bridge, and occupied that po¬ the division lost heavily. Colonel Morton sition until the evacuation of the Peninsula, D. Hardin, commanding the Third Brigade, j when they were carried on transports to was carried from the field seriously wound- ; Fortress Monroe, and thence to Aquia Creek ed. Captain Kern, commanding Battery i on the Potomac. Proceeding by rad to Fal¬ G, was also severely wounded, taken pris- l: mouth, many of the regiments pitched their I oner and subsequently died. Captain James , tents on the same ground they evacuated i T. Shannon, of the Ninth Regiment, a brave two short mouths before. The anticipated officer, who had served with credit in the rest was of short duration. On the evening Mexican War and showed the instincts of of the 21st, marching orders were received. a true soldier in his conduct on the Penin¬ After three days of forced marching, by sula. was mortally wounded. Many others night and day, a union was effected with equally brave and deserving of honorable McDowell’s Corps, to which the division had mention were recorded as killed and been assigned. Then commenced that marching and coun¬ wounded. ter marching—a veritable play at “hide aud At Centerville on the fol lowing day some seek” between maneuvering detachments of kind of ordor was restored to the disorgan¬ the respective armies—which the Union ized army which sought shelter within the soldiers were informed, sub rosa, was but fortifications of that place, and soon the preliminary to the “bagging of the whole march toward Washington was taken up. rebel army," but which proved to be a com¬ The spirits of the men became elated when pulsory effort along the line of self-preser¬ they caught sight of the dome of the Capi¬ vation. tol and received the joyful news that Gen¬ eral McClellan had been restored to com¬ mand.
* @3 Ou the 7th of September the Reserve I through the trials/and tribulations of the Corps, with General {John P. Reynolds as Peninsula, and the expressions of indigna- division • commander, Mas assigned to the tiou with which his forced retirement was First Army Corps udder General Hooker. received were oped, loud and bitter. Sub- Preparations were at dnce made to enter on | sequently the Army of the Potomac became the historic Marvlanri campaign. That as loyal to the new as it had been to its tried night the Long Bridge was crossed and, and beloved commander. Under General marching through Washington to Meridian Burnside the army was organized into three Hill, the troops were there bivouacked and gran l divisions of two corps' designated as supplies of shoes and clot hing, much needed. the right, center and left, and commanded ; were issued. respectively by Generals Sumner, Hooker The following day a start was made in and Franklin with a fourth division consist search of the invading rebel army. The ing of the Eleventh Corps under Sigel as a search was,crowned with success, and about reserve. noon on the 14ch the object fought was Meade’s Pennsyvanians attached to Rey¬ | found, strongly ensconced on the rugged nolds’ Corps in Franklin's Division occupied | crest and slopes of South Mountain. the extreme left of the Union line, and were selected to attack Lee’s right flank in the The Invaders Driven Away. hope of compellin; the Confederates to { It was not a permanent location, how¬ abandon their impregnable position on ever, which the “Johnnies” had selected, for Mary’s Heights in the rear of Fredericks¬ the Reserves on the right started up that burg. mountain side, scrambling' through tangled Off to Battle Again. underbrush, scaling stone walls and charging On the afternoon of the 13th, when the rifle pits, driving the presumptuous invaders command “forward” was given, the divi¬ from behind their intreuchments and plant- sion, including the One Hunlred and i ing their Pennsylvania banners beside Twenty-first and One Hundred and Forty- their regimental colors on the mountain second Regiin nts, recently added, num- crest, A glorious victory for the Union Army! i bered 4,509, the three brigades beint com¬ manded, the First and Second by Colonels Colonel Gallagher, commanding the | Sinclair and Magilton, aud the Third by Third Brigade, was severely wounded, as General C. F. Jackson. was Colonel Bolinger, of the Seventh Never did troops respond more gallantly Regiment. The division losses were seven to an order on the field of battle than did officers and 95 men killed, 18 officers and 285 enlisted men wounded. these sons of Pennsvlvania in that charge ou the left at Fredericksburg. On a double On the afternoon of the 16th the com- quick they rushed ou tile Southerners, driv¬ : batauts, with all their forces concentrated, ing them from their intronchrneuts along ' faced each other on the banks of Antietam the railroad, out of their rifle pits ana creek, the Pennsylvania division holding the breastworks, back in haste on the first line right of the Union line. Active hostilities of battle, breaking and scattering this, and of a desultory character commenced about driving it to shelter behind the reserve line 14 o’clock and continued until after dark, on the crest of the wooded heights. This when the armies bivouacked on the ground was accomplished though at terrible cost. where they stood when the engagement Had a corresponding advance been made closed. So close were they that ordinary on the right amd left of the Reserves this i conversation on the picket line of one side | could be distinctly heard on the other. Yet ! charge would have compelled the enemy’s in this position, conscious that to-morrow’s j evacuation of his impregnable position ou ! sun would ripen a harvest of death that Mary’s Heights and insured a Union vic¬ j would number by thousands the killed and tory. But our forces were forced to choose between the alternative of annioilation or j wounded, the men slept on their arms and slept soundly. , retreat, and driving before them 300 pris¬ I At break of day the conflict was renewed oners and bearing standards captured out all along the line and continued with un- of the rebel camps as trophies of the fight, i abated fury on the part of the Reserves they reluctantly returned to the plain be¬ low, having accomplished all that was re¬ j until 10 o’clock, when, hungry and worn, their ammunition exhausted and their quired. all that was expected of them. ranks terribly decimated, thejr were relieved While the divison stood in iine of battle by Mansfie.d’s division. just prior to the charge a field report was taken, which showed 4,500 men present for Losses Enormous. duty. The next day similar report showed The loss was 502 killed and wounded— the casualties to ’ be 176 killed, 1.197 about 25 per cent of the number taken into wounded and 469 missing: a total of 1,842, action. Among the former was Colonel or over 40 per cent of those engaged. Hugh W. McNeil, of the “Bucktails,” than Among the killed were General C, F. whom there was no more meritorious officer Jackson, commanding the Third Brigade; or exemplary type of the Christian soldier Colonel Bayard, of the First Cavalry; Major in either army. Among the severely , Frank Zitzmeyer, Adjutant J.. T. Ingrahm, wounded was Colonel—afterward General— of the Eighth; and Lieutenant 'Reuben M. A. J. Warner, of the Tenth Regiment, who Long, of the Ninth. since the war has become a national A Gallant Pittsburger. | champion of currency reform along the line General C. F. Jackson, a citizen of Pitts¬ ; of bimetallic standard. burg, entered the service as Colonel of the From the Potomac to the Rappahannock Ninth Regiment and received his promotion was the next move on the military chess j for meritorious service duriug the Peninsula board, the most important incident of which, i campaign. He was a superior drill officer, prior to the day of actual collision, was the and brought his regiment toadegre? of : removal of General McClellan, General perfection in the evolutions of the battalion Burnside succeeding to the command of the that elicited commendations from his su¬ army. The woful experience during Pope’s periors in command. He was strict in dis- | campaign and the brilliant victories imme¬ cipline without resorting to needless se¬ diately following {JcClellan’s restoration verity, and won the respect and devotion of I but served to intensify the affectionate ad¬ his men. miration of the soldiers for their young com¬ Among the many wounded men were mander who had brought them "safely Major T. Brent Swearingen, Assistant Ad- jUtaut General of the Third Brigade; Cap¬ that he would, in all probability, attempt tain C. K. Chamberlain, aid on General an invasion of Pennsylvania, the First and Jackson’s staff; Captain Charles W. Or- Third Brigades were relievedrirom duty at reston, commanding Company A, and Cap¬ Washington and ordered to join the Army tain O. S. Mcllwain, Company D, of the j of the Potomac. On the 28th of June near Ninth, all Pittsburgers. Frederick, Md., they were joined to the Major Swearingen had bravely recovered Fifth Corps and there learned that General from his severe wound received at Gaines’ Meade, their old division Commander, had Mill, when he returned to duty after the been appointed to command the army—a battle of Antietam. In the battle of Fred¬ piece of welcome and encouraging news. ericksburg, which followed soon after, he It was no holiday • excursion in which the was shot through the body, left for dead on division engaged from the time of breaking the field and taken prisoner by the enemy. camp near Washington to its arrival on the But being of rugged constitution, correct battlefield of Gettysburg. Constant and and temperate in habits, and through a rapid marching long into the night, to-day fortuitous circumstance falling into the under a scorching sun, to-morrow through a hands of some good Samaritans who gave | , drenching storm. But these soldiers inured him careful nursing after the battle, he re¬ * to such exposure in d ie time arrived at their covered, was exchan ed and afterward as- j destination and, skirting the rocky slopes of signed to,duty in the Departments of Monon- Little Round Top, charged into that whirl gahela, Susquehanna and Arkansas, and opposite Devel’s Den. served to the close of the war. It was an opportune arrival. The as¬ Captain C. W. Orreston, another young signed duty was quickly and effectually PHtsburger, like Major Swearingen, was i performed. It crusned the last hope of Lee supposed to be killed and was so reported. — was the coup de grace that crowned with His aged father, who was well known and victory the Union arms at Gettysburg. The honored in this city, refused to believe that fruits "of the charge of the First Brigade un¬ his son, though missing, was dead. But the der Colonel McCandless with the Eleventh possibility and uncertainty in the matter so Regiment of the Third under Colonel Jack- j oppressed him that he took to his bed, and son, numbered one Napoleon gun, three! no physician could medicine his grief. caissons and over 7,000 muskets captured. Letter From Libby Prison. Losses in the Bis Battle. A few months later a young man occupy¬ The loss of the division in Gettysburg was ing a -position as distributing clerk in the only 26 killed, 181 wounded out of about postofiice, who was a friend of Orreston and 3,000 engaged. Colonel Charles F. Taylor, familiar with his penmanship, while engaged of the Bucktails. the worthy successor of the in his work came across a letter the sight of brave McNeil who fell at Antietam, was which startled him. It was postmarked killed. Lieutenant Colonel A. E. Miles, of , Washington, D. C., was addressed to the the same regiment, and Lieutenant Colonel senior Orreston and bore on one corner of D. S. Porter, of the Eleventh, were among the envelope the inscription, “Libby Prison, the wounded. Richmond.” He knew the writing to be the As soon as it was learned that the Confed- Captain’s, and forgetting his official duties, erates had withdrawn from Gettysburg the forgetting that he was hatless and coatless, Union columns were put in motion, follow- [ ■forgetting everything but that letter before ing the bend of South Mountain and cross¬ him and the grief-stricken father of his ing the Potomac at Berlin, July 17. Then , friend, he snatched the letter, rushed into the same route was taken over which the the street, in breathless haste up Fifth and army passed after the battle of Antietam, i Wylie streets to the Orreston residence on the year before, with the variation that, ;■ » Center avenue, and, sans ceremony, dashing after reaching Warrenton, Rappahannock , into the house, sought the bed chamber and station, and not Fredericksburg, was made ; thrusting the letter into the hands of the the objective point. ■ father exclaimed: “There’s a letter from The months that followed witnessed a sue- ■ Charley. He’s not dead.” cession of skirmishes and strategic maneu¬ Trembling with excitement, tears in his vers, resulting in sharp engagments at eyes, but joy in his heart, the old gentleman Bristow, Rappahannock and Brandy sta¬ tore open the envelope and read how his son tions, in which the Reserves took an iiupor- j had been taken prisoner, marched to Rich¬ tant parr. It was very evident that Meade j mond, and how, the first opportunity of did not intend to be trapped by his wiiyj sending word home presenting itself that adversary, while the latter’s experience at! day through a paroled fellow prisoner who Gettysburg had made him wary of the new ! was going North, he had written the letter. commander of the Union army. The father, rejuvenated and rejoicing, Respite from severe marching was en-! arose, dressed himself and walked down¬ joyed at Rappahannock station, during town to spread the glad news and receive ! which two important events varied the! the hearty congratulations of his friends. monotony of camp life. The first of these Others among the wounded that day were was the presentation, by the officers and Colonel S. M. Baily, of the Eighth; Lieuten¬ men of the Reserves, of a handsomely! ant Colonel Woolworth, of the Fourth; Lieu¬ mounted sword, with sash and belt and tenant Colonel Dare, of the Fifth; Colonel spurs to General Meade. Many noted per- ’ Taylor, of the Bucktails; Assistant Adjutant sons in civil and militai-y life were present! McMurtrie and Captain Chill W. Hazzard, as invited guests. General Crawford, who | of the Twelfth. had been in command of the, division from the time it started in the Gettysburg cam-! To Washington and Gettysbu-g. paign, made a brief presentation speech, I After the battle of Fredericksburg the Re¬ which was responded to in length and with serves returned to their camps near Belle much feeling by General Meade. Plain; participated in the famous “Mud Five Deserters Shot. March” in January, ’63, and the following mon h were transferred to the defenses of The other event was the shooting to death ! Washington, where they were distributed of five men who had been tried and con- [*’ at various points for the purpose of guard¬ victed by court martial for desertion and | ’ ing the railroads and repelling any raids bounty jumping. The entire corps was< that might be made by Mosby’s guerrillas. marshaled to witness the execution. The! W hen it was learned that General Lee had culprits were marcaed from the guard house ! •\rted northward with his entire army and wnere they were confined, each accom- _ paniod by a'spiri'tuaJ adviser, between flies 3Ianv Re-JEnlisted. oi soldiers, to the slow measure of tae dead Of the little over 2,000 officers and men march. Their five graves had been du=- j (which includes the Eighth and Ninth regi- and in front of each had been placed a j meats, whose terms of service had expired rough coffin. Taking their seats on them earlier in the month than the 31st) who re- bandages were placed over their eves, the I turned to the State and were mustered out command, “Ready, aim, fire!” was given, mauy returned as officers of other companies and ere the echo of the volley had ceased and regiments, mauy others re-enlisting in the bodies of the mercenary wretches | the ranks after they had spent a season with swayed forward and fell to the ground. their friends at home. The surgeon’s examination followed, life | It would be unjust to thousands upon was pronounced extinct, the drum corps thousands of brave men and true soldiers in struck up a lively march and the different other regiments of Pennsylvania and of regiments filed right and left and to the j other States to assert—fer it would uot be rear and returned to their camps. true—that the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps On Thanksgiving Day, November 26, the was superior in its personnel, was better division crossed the Rapidan and partici¬ officered, better disciplined, more efficient pated in the Mine Run campaign. The in action, and rendered greater service than weather was intensely cold, and a number any other division of the army. There is of men were frozen to death on the picket honor enough in the verity that, while it line. This movement did not result in a was not unequaled it was unsurpassed general engagement, and on December 1 by any other in soldierly attributes and the troops were brought back to the north ! efficiency in the line of duty. j the river, and went into winter quarters. Its ranks, recruited at a time when the The Reserves were placed along the line stimulus of large bounties and the coercive of the Orange and Alexandria Railroad to ! power of conscription had not yet given an guard the line of communication with impetus to enlisments, recruited from the ' Washington. During the winter there were farms, the workshops, the mines, the count¬ occasional bouts with Mosby’s marauding ing houses, the schools, colleges and the guerrillas, in one of which Colonel Harding, professional walks of life, represented the of the Twelfth, had his horse killed, while ’ typical volunteer soldier who unlentands he was so badly wounded in the arm that and appreciates the blessings and privileges amputation was deemed necessary. At and is willing to share the duties and re¬ another time Major J. H. Larimer, of the sponsibilities of citizenship in this free Fifth, serving on General Crawford’s staff, 1 country. was killed by these bushwhackers. The' Major was a man of flue appearance, : Its Record Untarnished. superior social qualities and of undaunted It was among the first of the volunteers to courage. respond to duty’s call in the hour of danger, Massed at Culpepper Court Mouse. was composed exclusively of Pennsylvania soldiers and participated in all the cam¬ In the spring of ’64 the entire army was paigns of the Army of the Potomac during massed at Culpepper Court House. General its three years’ term of service, with the Grant was assigned to command, and that single exception of that of Chaneellorville, 1 “fight it out on this line if it takes all sum¬ prior to which time it had been ordered to mer’ campaign was commenced. The First the defenses of Washington City. i and Third Brigades marched out of camp May Its banner untarnished, though tattered i 4, from which date up to May 31, when the and torn by shot and shell, now reposing in throe years’ term of service expired, it was the State depository department at Harris¬ ; an uninterrupted period of marching and burg, bears the inscriptions of battles fought fighting, including the battles of Wilder¬ and victories won within its self. When ness, Hpottsylvania Court House, North Anna aud Bethesda Church. the war was over its surviving members again took up their peaceful callings, and The First Brigade, which was at Alexan- their many triumphs iu the walks of civil life ! when the Wilderness campaign com¬ attest them worthy citizens, as their glorious menced, was divided, the Seventh and record of camp and field attest their martial Eighth Regiments joining the division while skill and courage. the Third and Fourth were sent to West v irginia to join General Crooks on the Kana¬ -—- _I_Bj wha. These regiments, with two others, were placed under the command of Colonel ! Sickles and participated in the battle of From, Cloyd s Mountain. Colonel Woolworfch, commanding the Third Regiment, was killed in the fight and Captain Lennart, who was commanding the Third, was seriously . wounded. These regiments returned to Har¬ I .I risburg via. Pittsburg June 17, and were there mustered out, the division from the Army of the Potomac having been mustered Bate, rj /S' 'S' out ten days before. Siphon’s “History of the Pennsylvania | Reserves,” to which the writer is indebted for the list of casualties, and other data in ‘THE STATE OF BEAVER”- this article says: ! The Reserves entered on the campaign May HOW THE PEOPLE WENT TO WORK [ 1 with a force of 3,400 officers and men. Of WHEN WAR BROKE OUT. I f ■n9®.' s‘?, officers and 9J enlisted men were killed, .bony-one officers and 63U enlisted men were wounded, 3J officers and 504enlisted Inspired by the “Marseillaise,” They Sent unm captured. One hundred and twenty-four officers and 2.U38 meu were all that remained Sons to the Front and Cared for Loved of the Reserves in the Army of the Potomac Ones Left Behind—In AH of Western on tne 1st of .June. From tile 13 regiments of Pennsylvania’s Famous Regiments, infantry 1,759 re-enlisted and were organized Beaver Men Were Found—Some Mention into the One Hundred and Ninetieth and the One Hundred and Ninety-first regiments, of Where They Fought, and Where Some marched with the Army of the Potomac and Fell-Beaver County Furnished Many participated in all its subsequent operations. Brave Soldiers to the Union Armies. V
Thirty-three years ago patriotism til he was made assistant commissary general of Pennsylvania. The com¬ was at its flood-tide in Beaver county. pany had its death roll made at Gaines One week after the Stars and Stripes Mills, second Bull Run, Fredericks¬ had been hauled down from over burg, Charles City cross roads and Wil¬ Sumter’s battered walls, Judge Daniel derness. Many of its men were trans¬ Agnew presided over a large and en¬ ferred to the One Hundred and Ninety- first Regiment when their three-years’! thusiastic meeting of the citizens of the enlistment expired. Company K was! county, called to assemble in Beaver to recruited in Beaver and Lawrence! take steps to meet the exigencies of the counties. Capt. Samuel Miller died of times. David Critchlow sang the soul¬ wounds received at Charles City cross | stirring “Marseillaise,” and the meet¬ roads, and the command devolved upon j Capt. A. M. Gilkey. At second Bull ing adopted patriotic resolutions, called Run, Mechanicsville, Gaines Mills and on loyal men to enlist in defense of the the Wilderness men of Company K fell Union, formed a committee of safety of bravely fighting, and some pined and 100 members, and arranged for sub¬ died in Southern prisons. committees of six in each election dis¬ Company C, Sixty-third Regiment, j was from Beaver county. It had four | trict to look after the families of those captains, J. R. Hanna, C. W. Taylor, j who donned the blue. These several George W. Gray and George Weaver, committees went to work in earnest. and at Fair Oaks, Chancellorsville, They made no light duty of it. Each • second Bull Run, Spottsylvania and on member took a solemn oath to support other hard-fought fields many of its the Constitution of Pennsylvania and members lost their lives. Company G, the Constituticn of the United States, Seventy-eighth Regiment, was re- and “to maintain, support and defend f cruited in Beaver county by Capt. the Government of the United States David S. Cook. It shared in the regi- j against treason and rebellion.” ment’s services with the Army of the ■ In May Company H, Ninth Reserves, Cumberland and was with Sherman in was organized. John Cuthbertson, his famous march. wounded at Charles City cross roads, There was a Beaver county company was its first captain, succeeded by in the “Roundheads,” or One Hun¬ Jacob S Winans, who won the rank of dredth Regiment. This was Company brevet major, and brought the company D, commanded first by Wr. C. Shurlock, j home. Company H shared the fighting then by Thomas J. Hamilton, who be¬ and fortunes of the regiment during its came major, and by John L. Johnston, I who, having been a prisoner and wounded at Cedar Creek, brought the company home. Company D had men killed at Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Weldon railroad. Cold Harbor, North Anna and Petersburg, and its history , is a part of that of the “Roundheads” ; and too well known to need repetition here. Companies E and I, of the One Hun- ; dred and Thii ty-fourth Regiment, went ' out from Beaver county. Company E was commanded by J. Adams Vera, .and lost men at Fredericksburg and; Chancellorsville. Capt. John W. Hague j led Company I. Pie was wounded at
J. S. LITTELL,. three years service, had men killed at Antietam, Gaines Mills, Bristoe sta- i tion and Fredericksburg, and some of its members died in rebel prisons. At the expiration of its enlistment. May 12, 1864, many of its men were transfer-; red to the One Hundred and Ninetieth Regiment, and served till the close of, the war. Company F, Tenth Reserves, was organized in Beaver county in June,! 1861. Capt. Milo R. Adams, the first; M. S. QUAY. commander, was discharged for wounds received at Charles City cross roads, Fredericksburg. First Lieut. Hugh I in 1862, and Abner Lacock, promoted Barnes was killed there, with three; from sergeant, brought the company privates, and Corporals Joseph Me-! home. Matthew S. Quay was its first Millan and A. M. Cunningham, and lieutenant, but only served six days un¬ eight others were wounded. Three of 'Mic-g'. ft■moDEMMl wounds received at Farmville, Va., these died from their wounds. The April 7, 1865, just as the war was clos¬ One Hundred and Thirty-fourth’s first ing. Two privates were also killed that . colonel was a Beaver man, M. S. Quay, day. The company suffered severely • now United States Senator. He was at Gettysburg and Spottsylvania. Com¬ compelled by ill health to resign, but at pany I was first commanded by Capt. Fredericksburg, although much en¬ James Darrah. Capt. 'William McCal- feebled by sickness, volunteered as an lister was wounded at Gettysburg, at aid on Gen. Tyler’s staff. In his official which battle ^tnd at Spottsylvania, I re port Gen. Tyler says: Wilderness and Petersburg Company I "Col. M. S. Quay, late of the One had heavy losses. j Hundred and Thirty-fourth was upon Company A, Seventeenth Cavalry, my staff as a volunteer aid- went from Beaver county. Its com¬ de-camp, and to him I am manders were D. M. Donehoo, James jgreatly indebted. Notwithstanding q>. Anderson, promoted to brevet major, Jp-jhis feeble health, he was in and Pius A. English, wounded at Five the saddle early and late, ever prompt Forks. The Seventeenth fought through [ and efficient, and especially so during the Virginia campaigns, and was at the engagement.” Gettysburg, one of its battalions, com¬ Company H, One Hundred and Thir¬ manded by Maj. J. Q. Anderson, being ty-ninth Regiment, was from Beaver the first troops on the right of the di- county. It was first commanded by : vision line to receive and return the fire Capt. John A. Donald, and afterwards of Early’s rebels. by James J. Conway, wounded at Cold The One Hundred and First Pennsyl¬ I Harbor. Its members fell at Salem vania had two companies, F and H, jHerghts, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Fort from Beaver county. Company F was I j Stevens and Opequan, and at Gettys¬ commanded by Capts. C. W. May, W. burg had some men captured, two of F. Dawson and Thomas B. Dawson. whom died in prison. It shared in the The latter was a prisoner eight months. achievements of the One Hundred and The late James S. Rutan, State Sena¬ fThirty-ninth, and these are well known, tor from Beaver and Washington and j Capt. Richard P. Roberts, who took from Allegheny, was first lieutenant in out Company F, One Hundred and For¬ Company F. This regiment was in the tieth Regiment, had a glorious career. early campaigns in Virginia, and after¬ He was a native of Beaver county, and wards went South where it was captur¬ a lawyer of great ability. When the ed at Plymouth, N. C. Sergt. J. R. war broke out he was one of the most Bruce, Corp. John S. McCarroll and 11 [active in raising troops. Companies F, others captured there died at Anderson- H and I, of the One Hundred and For¬ ville, Florence and other rebel prisons. tieth, were from Beaver county, and ! Company H was commanded by Capt. Capt. Roberts became colonel of the Alexander Taylor, afterward made regiment. At Gettysburg, on the sec¬ major, and Capt. William Mays. Corps. ond day, while bravely leading his reg¬ B. M. Fisher, John W. Barnes and iment in the rocky woodland near the James C. Kelly and nine privates died “Wheatfield,” Col. Roberts fell pierced , in Andersonville. by many bullets. He tvas carried to Beaver county had soldiers in other the rear dead, while his men continued regiments, but the above are the com¬ the deadly contest. No Beaver county panies organized or mainly enlisted soldier’s memory is more proudly re¬ there. It furnished four colonels vered than is that of Col. R. P. Rob¬ to the Union armies—Richard P. erts. Company F was afterward com¬ I Roberts, One Hundred and For¬ manded by Thomas Henry, who sub¬ tieth Pennsylvania; M. S. Quay, sequently became major of the regi¬ One Hundred and Thirty-fourth; ment. W. S. Shallenberger was pro¬ John Smith Littell, Seventy-sixth, and moted from sergeant of Company F to Warren S Dungan, Thirty-fourth Iowa. adjutant. He was slightly wounded at Gen. Littell was born In 1822, and was Chancellorsville and at Gettysbur g was a captain in the Pennsylvania militia’ shot in the thigh. At Corbin’s Bridge, i as early as 1853, becoming brigade in¬ Va., he was again severely wounded, spector of the Nineteenth Division. He and compelled to retire from the ser¬ entered the Union service as captain of vice, the bullet not being extracted un¬ a company in the Seventy-sixth Regi- til two years after. Gen. Hancock said: i ment, and was in the Department of “This young officer, I think, made more the South. He participated in the cap¬ recruits for us in Western Pennsyl¬ ture of Fort Pulaski, first and second vania in the winter of 1863-4 than any assaults on Fort Wagner, Morris Island other officer.” Adjutant Shallenberger, and other battles. At Morris Island he who still lives, was Congressman from was wounded slightly, but remained at the Twenty-fourth Pennsylvania dis¬ his post, and the next day was wound¬ trict for six years from 1S7G. At Gettys¬ ed twice. At Fort Wagner his regi-' burg First Lieutenant John D. Stokes, I ment lost one-half its strength. In of Company F, was so badly wounded 1864 his regiment was transferred to , he was discharged from the service, . Virginia, and on May 31 he was pro¬ and First Lieutenant Andrew M'. Purdy moted to lieutenant colonel. The next was killed at Petersburg. At Chancel¬ day, at Cold Harbor, he was shot lorsville it had two killed and four through both thighs. On August 17 he w-ounded. At Gettysburg two were was made colonel. In January* 1865, killed and 16 wounded, three of whom he sailed with his regiment for Fort' died. Two corporals and three privates Fisher, Wilmington harbor, North Car¬ were killed at Spottsylvania, and out olina. He led his regiment after Gen. of six wounded two died. : Pennypacker in that desperate assault Company H, One Hundred and For¬ on Fort Fisher and a ball went through tieth, was first commanded by Marcus his thigh and lodged in his body. At Ormond, who afterward became chap¬ Fortress Monroe, where he was taken, lain. Capt Samuel Campbell was the bullet was extracted. On recom¬ wounded at Gettysburg and Capt. mendation of Gen. Terry, Col. Littell Samuel Kerr, brevet major, died of was brevetted brigadier general, and thus attained the highest rank won by any Beaver county soldier in the war. He still lives, honored and respected. Senate he re joined bis command in the Val¬ ley of the Shenandoah, and was just in time for the summer campaign of ’63. He re¬ mained with his command'until his captnre by Lee’s army, June 15, 1863. From this period his history is the history of the rebel prison pens—from aristocratic Richmond to the ignominy of a smoke-house in Salis¬ bury, N. C., where for a week he was in solitary confinement, his crime being his importance at this juncture to the Federal Government and his effort to escape from Libby prison. The story of this escape has become his¬ toric and is one of the most dramatic inci¬ CAREER OF HARRY WHITE. dents of Southern prison life. It is one of ff \ the unwritten laws of war that surgeons and chaplains shall not be held as prisoners. But, contrary to all established precedents, .Ihe Pennsylvania Judge Advocate the autumn of ’63 found many surgeons and chaplains in the prison pens of the Confed¬ Had a Most Dramatic Record. eracy. A mighty effort was made at Wash¬ ington to effect the exchange of surgeons, as they were sorely needed all thro’ the army. HIS MANY ATTEMPTS AT ESCAPE This effort proving successful, a time was appointed for the exchange to be made. Needed in the State Senate. From Prisons in Which the Rebels Were While in the field, the fall of 1862, he was unanimously nominated as the Republican Anxious to Keep Him. candidate for the Senate of Pennsylvania. At the opening of the session of 1863 Mr. Lincoln sent him a leave of absence for j THE RESIGNATION FROM THE SENATE three months, so he could attend its sittings. Going then to Harrisburg, January of that | year, at the opening of the Legislature, he i was made Chairman of the Committee on! (WRITTEN FOR THE DISPATCH.] Military Affairs, and framed much of the General Harry White, the present Judge important military legislation of the State. ] Advocate of the G. A. R. of Pennsylvania, Returning to the field on the adjournment is the son of the late Hon. Thomas White, of the Legislature in the spring, the events ! a distinguished jurist and cotemporary of the following summer were destined to justice of Jeremiah S. Black and Thaddeus have an important influence on the Legisla¬ ture and General White’s life. Falling into Stevens. When little more than a boy the hands of the enemy at the battle of Win¬ General White was nominated for Congress. chester, Va., which was preliminary to that I This nomination he refused because he felt of Gettysburg, there was little prospect for J himself too young and inexperienced to release except by escape until the close of t assume the responsibility of so important the war. Our Government having armed \ an office. negroes as soldiers, the Richmond Govern¬ ment refused then to exchange them, when Close following upon this came the sound captured, as prisoners of war. This led to of t he firing of the first gun of the War of retaliation and the stopping of all exchanges. the Rebellion. Young, ardent and patriotic All prisoners then were doomed to the hor¬ Harry White determined no effort of his rors and tortures of Salisbury, Macon, An- should be lacking to prove to the world that aersonville, Columbia, Floreuce and else¬ the principles of Republicanism were the where in the Confederacy. General White realized this and acted accordingly, taking only true ones. He materially assisted in all chances for escape that could’ possibly raising several regiments. Then with others present. As the late fall of 1863 approached recruited the Sixty-seventh Regiment, Penn¬ the necessity of his presence in Pennsylva¬ sylvania Infantry, and was elected its nia became more apparent. Major. He went at once to the front and The Situation at Harrisburg. served until the autumn of 1862, when, hav¬ The Senate was then composed of 33 mem¬ ing been elected from his district to the bers, there being then no Lieutenant Gover¬ State Senate and the army having gone into nor. A presiding officer was selected from winter quarters, he obtained leave of absence ' the members. The practice was to elect a to take his seat in the Senate. This he did presiding officer at the close of each session, at the earnest solicitation of President Lin¬ who held over till opening of the next, when a successor was elected. The Hon. J. P. coln and Secretary Stanton. Penney, of Pittsburg, had been elected at the Uncertain and Chaotic. , close of the session of 1863. The fall elec¬ For at this period affairs were in a very tion of that year made the Senate practic¬ uncertain and chaotic state. Clear heads ally 17 Republicans and 16 Democrats. With General White absent it was left 16 to and patriotic hearts were needed sorely to 16. When it met in January, 1864, General guide the Ship of State throughthe reefs and White was still a prisoner and the Senate quicksands of legislative seas. Immediately was left a tie. Speaker Penney took the upon his admission to the Senate he was ap¬ chair, but the 16 Democrats refused to recog¬ pointed Chairman of the Committee on nize him, and hence the commencement of a Military Affairs, and was of great aid to | contest by a tie vote on every motion that Governor Curtin in placing the military . delayed the organization of the Legislature 1 for over two months, thus preventing that organizations of the State in harmonious co¬ co-operation between Pennsylvania and the operation with the General Government. Immediately upon the adjournment of the National Government so necessary at that time. The interest on the public debt then .v ■■ 9: M
had to bo paicfm gold, which cost to pro¬ Several Breaks for Liberty. cure it many thousand dollars of apromium, and legislation was required to authorize Ho escaped and was recaptured several the payment in greenbacks or legal tenders. times. Once, when being removed from Co¬ ' A United States Senator and State Treas- lumbia, S. C., to Andersonville in June, j urer had to be elected and much legislation 1861, he, with some others, dropped from a was necessary to aid in raising troops and moving train and concealed themselves in a supporting the arm of the National Govern- wood, creeping from its shelter to that of a > Iment. All these things were delayed by the barn. After lying under the straw in its j Democratic Senators refusing to proceed mow a few hours they heard a noise, and ■with business while General White was in a « breathless with fear listened for what they believed would prove v rebel dungeon. The authorities at Washington had a searching party sent out offered in exchange for him the release after them. But no. They heard instead of a Confederate officer of highest rank. the musical voice of a negro talking to his W This being refused, Major White made all mules as he gave them their noon-time feed honorable efforts to escape and succeeded in and rest. Major White, speaker for the ,' ^eluding the vigilance at Richmond of rest, thrust his head a little ways through ;the Confederate Commissioner of Exchange. the hay hole and seeing a very black negro Judge Uld, passing out with the surgeons, man, he said in a hoarse whisper: “Who jwas released as one of them. Some years are you?” The negro dropped his hands, !ago it was my good fortune to hear from an stood as though transfixed, then managed to eye-witness, an old Confederate steamboat gasp out: “Lord a mighty, who you be?” captain, the history of the affair. “I’m a Yankee soldier,” said Major White. “Fo’Gawdt Isyou?” “Yes, I am.” “How ■ : Said he: “’Twas one of the most dramatic episodes in my life. We had come yo’ mean dat?” said the negro, incredulous. • down as far as City Point, firm in the be- “Yes, I do, We have escaped from the r lief that all we had were surgeons. As we rebels and are hiding here until night, | neared the wharf, a messenger rode furi- when we will move on, but we are nearly ■ I ously down the steep road-way from the starved. Won’t you—can’t you get us bluffs to the landing, waving a paper. something to eat?” “Yaas, massa; dat I Quick as we could we got him aboard, when kin. Yo’ jis wait.” In suffocating anxiety he asked for Judge Uld. Ho was taken to and fear they waited, and almost gave up. his presence and presented his message. The desired food seemed never coming. But, The commissioner frowned and only using hark, another sound. What is it? Ah I a such language as he knew how, ordered the black hand thrusting great cakes of corn [ prisoners to form a line on deck. This be- bread, bacon fried and put between it—a ( ; ing done, he stepped forward, a not impos¬ rude attempt at a sandwich. “Dar you is, ing figure, but mighty in his idea of author¬ boss. I bring youse more when it gits ity. ‘Gentlemen,’ho said, ‘it was, under the dark.” But, alas, before the longed-for conditions of exchange, understood only night fell they had been pursued, traced surgeons were to be released; these have and recaptured. been violated. I am informed by the au¬ But Major White learned then, as did thorities at Richmond there is among you many others, that the poor negro field hands one Major White, of the Sixty-seventh were the ones to trust, not the pampered Pennsylvania Regiment. If Major White house and body servants. i does not surrender, the exchange will not Chased by Bloodhounds. he made.’ Again in Georgia, not far from Sherman’s A Dramatic Incident. lines, he was chased by those fearful beasts, * T was nervous as a cat and as anxious as Russian bloodhounds, caught and so man¬ a girl to see what manner of man this might gled by them he carries the scars to this day ' (be, and we all save Uld admired his pluck and will to his grave. Were we to follow and rather hoped he would yet get away. him from prison to prison—know as 1 »But no—in response to Uld’s remarks a way those who know him best do of the extent of E i down the line, there stepped out from among his sufferings and privations, we would . !!the prisoners a tall figure, gaunt, almost to wonder how he survived it. But it inured emaciation, and clad in a suit of faded, him to hardship and developed his marvel¬ fragged Yankee blue, upon his head an old ous powers of endurance. In connection with his prison life there is slouch hat. He looked every inch a soldier, one anecdote never before told, which, while and, as his clear, earnest eyes met those of ' it amuses, one is touched by its pathos. the Commissioner, he said in inquiring Food, we all know, was a scarce commo- tones: “Sir, I am the man. I have violated modity, and anything outside the uninviting no law. I have done no man wrong—liberty prison fare was regarded as rarest treat. is every man’s birthright, and I made only This morning some kind soul gave Major an honest effort to obtain it. Plaving failed, White three sweet' potatoes—not very fine ' I am again your prisoner, sir.’ I tell you,” ones, but they were precious as diamonds to said the old Captain, “before Major White him. He hid them in his clothes in some was through speaking every man in that way, and by and by thrust them carefully ! boat’s crew was his friend, but they took into the ashes of the smouldering fire, then, • him back to Richmond and I dunno what covering them, went away to lie down, for became of him.” It was my pleasure to tell he was ill, and to wait until the char pota¬ i ' the old man much of General White’s subse¬ toes should be ready. But other eyes than quent career. his had been gloating over the prospect of a After his recapture he was put in a dun¬ sweet potatoe dinner, and when Major geon in Libby, and yet he managed to send White went gleefully toward his promised his resignation as Senator home to the Sen- ^ tidbits and searched the ashes he found ate in a fly leaf of a Testament. But the nothing. Some Goth had stolen them. But worst was to come. Libby not being con¬ who could have been mean enough? Only sidered vile enough he was transferred to one who has drunk deep of the bitter water Salisbury, N. C., where he wasconfined in a of prison privations can understand the deep dungeon eight feet long by four wide. There disappointment which resulted from the he remained for some time. From the dun¬ stealing of the potatoes. geon he was removed to a smoke house which had been used as a morgue or dead A Sequel to the Story. j house. In this he was confined six long Now for the sequel. Years after, when weeks and subjected to all sorts of indigni- General White was in Congress, a foreign . ties. HBr' Among al! the counties of Pennsylvania, Allegheny certainly ha(l an enviable rec¬ looMf w j self by saying- Maj di tely a flood I; ord in the matter of sending out troops to defend the nation's honor. The follow¬ ing roster of companies J and regiments back iic-'cn and a most cordial”“b? greeting"V1”^ as back agai remembered. with the principal battles in which they HiTname wb notthatof the great ltahan were engaged during the war and in the field, were recruited in Allegheny county, of riot but like stage names prison life pro §uced often a nomenclature as aPPr°Priato and is thought to be nearly, if not unite, Tbo man was anativeof xoland, \ correct: but haqd become a ctoen and later a soldier Company I of 3d regiment, recruited at « tue United States and was captured and East Liberty, Allegheny! county: mus¬ nut in Libby some time after Major White j tered in April 28, 1861; mustered out July j Hf ^r some little conversation this strange 23, 1861. Alter some n White, I owes you Companies A, B. and K, of 5th regiment, mau ? I did you one mean trick. You recruited in Allegheny county; mustered in April 20, 1861; mustered out July 23, 1861. Companies A, B, E, F and K of 7th regiment, recruited in Allegheny county; I mustered in April 23, 1861; mustered out ■ but d,at toV°teli you. But I vants July 23, 1861. ' WonIord«.poSr ?1- Companies A, B, C, D, I and K of 12th regiment, recruited in Allegheny county; 1 CfSnYri ™Sl d.iy«r.." *■*£! mustered in April 28, 1861; mustered out suit of this and to make a long story short, August 5. 1861. . _ Portrait of General White, done by I Companies A, B, C, D, E, F, I and IC | fv,6 Xihful Srid of old “Garibaldi,” adorns of 13th regiment, recruited in Allegheny county; mustered in April 25,1861 ;mustered the walls of General White’s beautiful home out August 6, 1861. This regiment organiz¬ ed again for three years’ service, and \ was known as the 102nd regiment. Company K, of 14th regiment, Company , of prison life cannot but be full of interest¬ L, of 28th regiment, recruited in Alle- ’ ing episodes of that tragic time, nearly 30 gheny county. Knapps battery, Company j E of the 28th Pennsylvania vol¬ years ago. -__ unteers, were also attached to the regiment. The regiment participated
From, Izsgs.4 !
Date, [t/SL S ' TREY inK Allegheny County Soldiers’ Envia¬ ble War Record.
ROSTER OF TROOPS IN FULL.
Over 20,000 Go Fourth on Land
and Sea to Battle.
.«»-
LONG LIST OP ENGAGEMENTS.
-o--
Fought on Every Field from Gettys¬
burg- to the Sea—Participated in I in the following battles, in which Com¬ ma nyL and Knapps battery took part. tlie Raid on Richmond — Suf¬ Pitcher’s Mills, Point ot l-tocks, Beilin, Knoxville, Bolivar Heights Loudon fered in the Wilderness—Turned Heights, Midd’.eburg. Salem, White Plains, redar Mountains, Antletam. second bat¬ the Tide at Bulls Run-Were at tlie tle of Bulls Run. Murfreesboro, Warrenton, Piedmont, Winchester Cham- Surrender at Apiiomatox—Their cellorsville, Gettysburg, Fiont Royal, Mission- Wauhatchie, Lookout Moutam, Flags Were Ever in the Front. Ringgold, MiU Creek .and Snake SEVENTY-FOURTH PENNSYLVANIA MONUMENT, GETTYSBURG. Creek gaps7“New Hope church. Pine ~ Hope church. 7’ ket, Charles City. Quaker Roads Chan¬ Knob, Pine Hill, Lost Mountain, Muddy tilly, Turners Gap, Antietam,' Freder¬ Creek, Nose Creek, Kolb's farm Kene- icksburg and Rouna Top. saw Mountain. Marietta. Peach Tree Company K of 4ith regiment, First cav- Creek, Pace’s Ferry, and March to Sea - airy, recruited in Allegheny and Wash¬ Mustered in June 28. 1861; mustered out ington counties; mustered in September July IS, 18G5. Thirtieth regiment, first re¬ serve. 1861; mustered out September 9, 1864 Bat¬ tles—Strusburg, Woodstock, Harrison¬ burg. They supported Knapps batterv at Companies E, B and C of 37th regiment Cedar Mountain, Bull’s Run, Fredericks¬ eighth reserve, recruited in Allegheny burg, Brandy station, Aldie, Gettysburg' county; organized June 28, 1861; mustered Muddy Run. Beverly Ford, Mine Run! out May 4 1864 Battles—Mechanicsville, Gen. Sheridan’s raid on Richmond, Mal¬ Gaines Mill, Bulls Run, Antietam Fred¬ vern Hill, Grovel Hill, twin sister to Mal¬ ericksburg and the Wilderness. vern Hill, Reams station and front of Thirty-eighth regiment, ninth reserve Petersburg. recruited in Allegheny county exceDt Companies B and F of 46th regiment re¬ companies F and H: organized on June cruited in Allegheny county; mustered in 28, 1861; mustered out May 13, 1864 Bat¬ wi,te5lt’eL 1861.1 mustered out July 16, tles—Dranesville. Mechanicsville Gaines’ 2°65- Battles—First engagement in front Mill, Bulls Run, Junction Newmar- of Winchester, Cedar Mountain, Gettys¬ burg, Resaca, Atlanta, Chancellorsviile, m
Kenesaw Mountain, Dallas, Peach Tree Ttoads. Fredericksburg, Malvern Hifl, Sa¬ Creek and Sherman’s marc-h to the sea. lem Heights, Cold Harbor, Gettysburg, Company 1C of 49th regiment, recruited Winchester and Shenandoah valley. at Pittsburgh; mustered in April 14, 1861; Two extra companies, G and Hw of 83d mustered out July 16, 1865. regiment, recruited in Allegheny county; Companies C. and E of 57th regiment, | mustered in March 2, 1865; mustered out recruited in Allegheny and Mercer coun¬ ■June 28, 1865. ties; mustered in June 29, 1865. Extra companies, G and F, of 87th regi¬ ment, recruited in Allegheny county; mus¬ Companies B, C, E, F, H and K of 61st tered in March 1, 1865; mustered out June, regiment, recruited in Allegheny county 1865. Companies I and E, 101st regiment, recruited in Allegheny county, and Com¬ previous to August, 1861. Companies H. panies A and G, partially recruited; mus- I and K were mustered in February, I tered in at various dates in the f?j'. of 1861. The regiment was organized in 1861; mustered out June 23, 1865. Battles— August, 1861; mustered out June 28, 1865. Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Siege of Little Washington. The entire regiment with Battles, Fair Oaks, Turkey Bend, pre¬ the exception of a few were captured at liminary to the battle of Malvern Hill, Plymouth. _E*«l*r-icksburg, Marys Heights, Rap- | pahannock i station, Wilderness, Win¬ One Hundred and Second regiment, chester, Anyietam and Cedar Creek. which sprang from the 13th regiment. The Companies A, B, F, G, K and L of 62d whole regiment recruited in Allegheny regiment, recruited in Allegheny county. county except part of Company H; mus¬ Mustered in July, 1861. Mustered out . July 13, 1864. Battles, Malvern Hill, Har¬ tered in chiefly in August, 1861; mustered rison’s Bar, Gainesville, second battle of out June 28. 1S65. Battles—Williamsburg, Bulls Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellors- Fair Oaks. Malvern Hill, Chancellorsville ville, Gettysburg, Chickahominy, Antie- and Gettysburg. This regiment was re¬ tam,Marys Heights,Spottsylvania, Norfolk enlisted from the 13th, nearly all respond¬ and Petersburg railroad, Jerusalem plank ing, and became a veteran regiment, and road and the Wilderness. was entitled to a veteran’s furlough. La- : Companies A, B, C, D, E, H, I and K ter battles—Wilderness, Spottsylvania, j and part of G of 63d regiment, recruited Cold Harbor, Petersburg Siege, 'Winches¬ in Allegheny county; mustered in August, ter, Appomattox, Salem Heights and Fish¬ 1801; mustered out September 9. 1864. ers Hill. Battles, Charles City, Cross Roads, Mal¬ Company C of 103d regiment, and part of, vern Hill, second battle ef Bulls Run, 1 Companies F, K and I, recruited in Alle¬ Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, North gheny county; mustered in February 24, ’ Ann river, Locust Grove, Coal river, 1861; mustered out June 25, 1865. Battles- Gettysburg, Kells Ford and siege of Fair Oaks, “Williamsburg and Malvern Petersburg. Hill. Surrendered at Plymouth. Companies B, E and G of 61th regiment. Part of Company D, 105th regiment; Fourth cavalry, recruited in Allegheny Company E of 107th regiment-. county; mustered in October 18, 1861; Of the 123d regiment, Companies F and mustered out, July 1, 1865. Battles, Pen- I recruited at Tarentum; part of Corn-, irsula campaign, Chickahominy, Malvern pany H. from Greene county, and the rest Hill, Harrisons Landing, Mechanicsville, from Allegheny county; equipped and Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, armed the 29th of August, 1862; mustered Wilderness.: Second Swamp, Plank Road, out May .13, 1863. Battles—Chancellors¬ Hatchers Run and Dinwiddie. ville and Fredericksburg; in nine months’ Companies L and M of 65th regiment, re¬ service. cruited in Allegheny county, part of M Companies E. F. G and H, of 136th regi¬ being secured in Venango county; mus¬ ment, recruited in Allegheny county; or¬ tered in from July 7 to October 15; mus- ganized August 20, 1862; mustered out May Jtered out August 7, I860. Battles, Chan- 29, 1863. Battles—Fredericksburg, Mud March and Chancellorsville; in nine eellorsville, Peninsula campaign and Petersburg campaign. months’ service. One Hundred and Thirty-ninth regiment Company I of 67th regiment, recruited were all from Allegheny county, except in Allegheny county. Mustered in April, part of Companies E and I; Organized at 1865. Mustered out July 14, 1865. Camp Howe Semptember 1, 1SC2; mustered out June 21, 1865. Battles—Fredericksburg,. j Companies B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Rappahan¬ part of K of the 35th Pennsylvania regi¬ nock Station, Wilderness, in the opera¬ ment, afterwards 74th regiment, recruited tions about Spottsylvania Court Housj, in Allegheny county. Mustered in as the Fisher’s Hill, Cedar Creek and Winches' 34th Pennsylvania regiment on the 14th ter, in the Shenandoah valley. of September, 1861. Mustered out Au¬ Of the 149th regiment and 14th cavalry gust, 1865. Battles, Chancellorsville, many men were from Allegheny county. Cross Keys, Cedar Mountain, Freemans The regiment participated in a number Ford, Fredericksburg. Gettysburg and of battles. service in South Carolina. Part of Com¬ All the companies, except G and H, com¬ pany K of the 76th regiment. posing the 155th regiment, were recruit¬ Companies B, C, D and E of the 77th ed in Allegheny county; mustered In Sep¬ .recruited in Allegheny county. tember 5, 18S3; mustered out June 2, 1865. B mustered in September 8, 1861. Battles—Antietam, Fredericksburg, Mary’s Mustered out December 6, 1865. Other two Heights, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Capt. J. C. Delaney Awarded a Modal of Honor by the President. Harrisburg, Sept. 4.—Capt. John D. \De- laney of this city, late receiver of publlo moneys in Oklahoma territory, was re¬ cently awarded a medal of honor for go¬ ing between the battle lines at Dabney’# Mills and February 6, 1865. and bringing into the federal lines a wounded com¬ rade. Capt. Delaney at* the time was a ser¬ geant in Company I, 107th Pennsylvania Volunteers, in which he enlisted at a pri¬ vate when only 14 years old. He was pro¬ moted to first lieutenant on July 7, 1865, and was mustered out a week later. At Dabney’s Mills Warren’s corps was try¬ ing to turn Lee’s right flank and had mads four charges, each time being repulsed. i "Companies A, P>, C and D, 1st bat¬ 63» PENNSVliSSii talion artillery; 100-day men. Company G of 1st Maryland cavalry. | Two companies of negro troops in the 51th Massachusetts regiment. Friend rifles in a N»w York regiment. Thompson’s battery, independent bat¬ tery C; mastered in November 6, 1661: mustered out June 80, 1SS5. Battles—Ce¬ dar mountain. Second Bull Run, South mountain, Fredericksburg, Chancellors- ville, Gettysburg, Mitchell’s Ford. Hampton’s battery, independent battery F, mustered in October, 1881, mustered out June 26, 1865. Battles—Cross Keys, South mountain, Middletown, Winchester, White Sulphur, Waterloo, Second Bull Run, Chantilly, Fall’s church. White Hall church, Antietam, Charlestown, Peach orchard, Blackburn’s Ford, Mine Run, C'’''need lore ville. Young's battery, independent battery G, mustered in August 21, 1862, mustered out June 18, 1865, mostly employed in garrison duty. Nevln's battery, inde¬ pendent battery H, mustered in September 30, 1882, mustered out June 18, 1885. Knapp’s battery, see 14th regiment. In¬ dependent battery, six-months’ men% cne •| company. Union cavalry and Morehead cavalry, one company each. Pittsburgh Fire Zouaves, mustered in June 14. 1861, three years. Of this company no record appears of its assignment, or when mus¬ 63D REGT’S GETTYSBURG MONU* tered out. Fifteenth regiment, Pennsyl¬ MENT. vania militia, mustered in September 15, 1862. 100-day men. The 107th Pennsylvania was on the ex¬ Pittsburgh independent scouts, Spang treme end, and it was on the return from infantry. Wood guards. Minute riflemen,, the fourth charge that Capt. Delaney Plummer guards, Anderso n infantry, one heard a cry for help from a wounded, company each. member of Company C. i Pennsylvania dragoons. National caval- The impetus at which he was going rv. Young’s cavalry. Faith's cavalry. Bag- aley cavalry, Keystone cavalry, one com¬ took him to the federal breastworks with his company, but once there he appealed pany each. There were, no doubt, other single com¬ to the men of Company C to go out with panies from Allegheny county who were him and help bring in the wounded, but accepted in the regiments of other states. ■ all refused. Then Capt. Delaney appealed but there are no records that enables to the men of his own company, but they them to be traced. Of these there were refused. To go, they, was certain death. two companies among the West Virginia Then it was that young Delaney, leap¬ troops. It has been computed by thosa ing the breastworks, ran out to his com¬ | best informed that over 20,000 of the men rade. and, lifting him on his back, start- 4 ed on the return amidst a storm of bul-j Second !” They went in, and in less lets that nipped his clothing and cut the) than 20 minutes Company H had three ground from beneath his feet. But he1 killed and 20 wounded. At Cbancellors- saved his man. He has forgotten the| man’s name now. It is probable that some ville three more were killed and many of the old comrades cafri gi\% t»e liame.^ wounded. The regiment followed Lee into Pennsylvania, but were not in the t Gettysburg fight, being guarding the reserve artillery. Becoming a veteran, I From, regiment by re-enlisting in January, 1863, 30 days’ furlough was given to see home and friends, and then Company H ■j)//O 'i -.( /) as a rule, good fighters and possess¬ Mercer Men Were Found in the “Round- I ed of much daring and they made heads,” Tenth Reserves, the Fifty-Sev- j a very creditable record. enth. One Hundred and Thirty-Ninth and Many Other Famous Pennsylvania Regi- j The veterans of this vicinity uoents -Her Soldiers Were Present on! have organized thcmse'vcs into « Many Fields, and Did Valliant Service I two command'", Col. S. W. B aek for Country and Flag. post No. 50, Grand Army Repub-! The first soldiers to leave Mercer j ic, and S. W. Fry, command No. county for defense of country and flag were Companies B and G, of the Thir¬ 28, Union Veteran Union. Col. ty-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, af¬ Black, after whom the first of these terward known as the “Tenth Re¬ two takes its name, was a Colonel serves.” Company G was raised at n the Mexican war and a member j Mercer, the county seat, in May, 1861, of the 62nd regiment, Pennsylvania by A. J. Warner, then principal of the public schools of the town. He was its j Volunteers. While not on the first captain, and subsequently rose to j battle fic’d the Colonel was a law-j be lieutenant colonel and colonel of the 1 ye rand resided in Pittsburg. He regiment, was wounded at White Oak was* killed in the struggle at Swamp and Antietam, and was mus¬ Games' mil’. The post was organ¬ tered out at the close of the war as brevet brigadier general. Removing to ized on July 3,1877, with 30 mem¬ Ohio, he entered politics, served a term bers, it now has a membership of or two in Congress, where his advocacy 03. W. P. -Gilbert is commander, j of free silver won him the sobriquet of Henry Stewart is quartermaster "Silver bill Warner.” and J. T. Gctiy is adjutant. Hie Company G was first known as the “Mercer Rifles,” and associated with | Fry command came into existence Capt. Warner in its command were first | m September 10th, 1803, it's! and second lieutenants, T. B. Rodgers and C. W. Whistler. On the day of its j membership being composed for departure for the scenes of strife and j the most part of members of Gen-! bloodshed, the people of the surround- i ing country flocked into town to bid j oral Ord Command No. 16, and} farewell to sons, brothers and friends. John A. Logan Command No.. 2,[ The parting exercises were held in the i both of which di-'banded some time court house square, where John Trun- key, afterward a justice of the State ago. It's roll now contains the Supreme Court, presented the company 'fames of 132 old soldiers. Fry,J tle four of its companies, under a flag [with a silk flag, the gift'oT the women' of truce, escorted the body of “Dashing of Mercer. Capt. Warner responded for Phil Kearney” into the Union lines. At his men, and amid tearful farewells the Fredericksburg 21 were killed, 76 little band left in wagons for New Cas¬ !wounded, among them Col. Campbell, tle. Here they were joined by Com¬ and 78 missing. Capt. Ralph Maxwell, pany B, or the “Middlesex Rangers,” a son of the first colonel, and captain which had been raised in the vicinity - of Company F, a Mercer county com¬ of West Middlesex by Capt. Thomas pany, commanded the regiment until McConnell. J. B. Pattee, who after¬ 'Capt. Peter Sides, of Company A, was ward succeeded McConnell as captain, promoted to the colonelcy. was first lieutenant and - Jack- At Chancellorsville the Fifty-seventh son, second lieutenant of the “Ran¬ had 13 killed and 48 wounded. On Get¬ gers.” At New Castle they took the tysburg’s famous field it played a con¬ canal boat to New Brighton and came spicuous part. Twelve were killed thence to Pittsburg by river. On July there, 45 wounded, among them Col. 21, 1861, the regiment was mustered into Sides, and 45 missing. In January, 1864, the three yeais’ service. After guard¬ it was re-enlisted as a veteran regi¬ ing Washington for several months, ment, and, after a brief furlough, was they joined the Army of the Potomac again in the field. In May Col. Sides in 1862. At Mechanicsville Capt. Mc¬ was again wounded, this time in a se¬ Connell, of Company B, was wounded. vere fight at Brook and Plankroad in¬ It is needless to recite the record of the tersection. Here 22 were killed and 128 “Tenth Reserves.” It was made with wounded. It fought at North Anna and Pope at second Bull Run, with McClel¬ Cold Harbor. Col. Sides resigned, and lan at South Mountain and Antietam, Lieut. Col. L. D. Bumpus, a Mercer with Burnside at Fredericksburg, with county boy, and one of the youngest Meade at Gettysburg, and with Grant men who ever commanded a regiment in the earlier campaigns before Rich¬ in the war, was made his successor. mond. In all these scenes the Mercer Then its decimated ranks were consol¬ county companies did their share. The idated into six companies and joined regiment was mustered out in June, with the Eighty-fourth, Col. Zinn, of 1864. the latter regiment, being placed in The Fifty-seventh regiment was command. The new regiment went raised largely in Mercer county. Its through the war then from Petersburg first colonel, William Maxwell, was a to Appomattox, and was mustered out Mercer lawyer, who had graduated at on June 22, 1865. West Point in 1827. He was afterward Mercer county joined with Lawrence judge of the Mercer district, and died and Butler in forming the One Hun¬ but a few years ago. The lieutenant dredth, or “Roundheads.” Company G colonel, E. W. Woods, was also a resi¬ was recruited mainly in and around the dent of Mercer. In February, 1862, the little village of Mill- j Fifty-seventh joined the Army of the brook, and render¬ Potomac. Col. Maxwell resigned and ed a good account was succeeded by Charles T. Campbell, of itself in all that of Franklin county, a Mexican war vet¬ regiment’s varied field of service. Its .first captain,Simeon A. Brown, was kill¬ ed at second Bull Run. He was suc¬ ceeded in turn by Capt. Thomas S. Curt, John P. Blair and S. R. Grace. The latter, who brought the com¬ S. R. GRACE. pany home, was wounded at Chantilly and Petersburg. He still lives, a worthy and honored citizen of the quiet little village which sent so many brave sons to the country’s defense. The One Hundred and Thirty-ninth was another fighting regiment, in whose ranks Mercer county men were found. Company A was from there, A. H. Sny¬ der, its first captain, being a Mercer lawyer. Lieut. J. P. McKean was also from Mercer town; Lieuts. A. C. Doug¬ lass and W. S. Leech from New Leba¬ non; Lieuts. John Orr and McLean Thorn from. Leesburg; Lieut. A. T. Black from Liberty, and Lieut. E. C. Grace from Millbrook. Capt. Snyder, who had become major, and Lieut. eran. At Fair Oaks, 11 were killed, Grace were both killed on the same among them Maj. Culp, and 49 wounded. day at the Wilderness. Lieut. Doug¬ Capt. S. C. Simonton, of Company B, a lass became captain and brevet major. Mercer county man, was promoted to I The One Hundred and Thirty-ninth be major. During that summer the was at second Bull Run and Fred- regiment participated in nearly all the ! ericksburg, and at Chancellorsville had battles in Virginia. At Harrison’s 123 men killed and wounded. At Get-. Landing only 56 men out of a former tysburg Company A had one killed and strength of nearly 1,000 were fit for i several wounded. It was in the Rich¬ duty. It fought at second Bull Run mond campaign until July 9, 1864, when and Chantilly, and after the latter bat¬ it joined Sheridan in the Shenandoah. but after Early’s defeat returned to the and Gettysburg, and was with Grant in . Army of the Potomac and went through his campaigns before Richmond until1 the Petersburg siege to Appomattox. the close of the war. Its roll of killed Company B, Seventy-sixth Regiment, amounted to 205, and the regiment is was raised in Mercer county by Capt. « among the 45 which lost over 200 during D. C. Strawbridge, who was afterward the war. succeeded by Capts. D. B. Hoagland Companies A, Capt. John D. Hill, and and W. J. Brady. It saw hard service! D, Capt. Anthony Struble, of the One along the Atlantic coast from Hilton Hundred and Sixty-ninth Regiment of Head to Fort Fisher, and was mus¬ nine months’ men, were raised in Mer¬ tered out July 18, 1865. Part of Com-| cer county in October, 1862. It first did pany E, of the Seventy-seventh, wasj picket duty at Yorktown and Glouces- 1 also recruited in Mercer county. It ar-j ter, and was afterward attached to the I rived at Louisville, Ky., October 18, | Eleventh Corps and did good service 1861, and joined the Army of the Cum-1 in 1863 until mustered out in July. Com¬ berland. With Buell on the second day j pany D, of the Two Hundred and Elev¬ at Shiloh, the Seventy-seventh was af-I enth, a one-year regiment, organized in terward at Stone River, Chicltamauga September, 1864, was commanded by and through the Atlanta campaign. At Capt. W. A. Coulter. It was with the | the close of the war it was sent to Army of the James and the Army of i Texas, and was not mustered out until the Potomac, and was at the capture of January, 1866. Fort Steadman. In the final assault Company B, of the One Hundred and upon the enemy’s lines on April 2, 1865, Fortieth, was a Mercer county com¬ the regiment lost 135 men. Capt. Coul- I pany. Of its captains, T. B. Rodgers ter, of Company D, was, for gallant and Jason T. Geibner were from Mer- conduct, promoted to lieutenant colonel of the regiment. These were the only companies raised in Mercer county, but a number of men j from Greenville, among them ex-Treas- urer W. H. Beil, joined Company K, of the Eighty-third, Capt. T. M. Austin, i and when Capt. C. W. Taylor, of Frank¬ lin, now president judge of Venango county, raised Company I, Fourth Cav¬ alry, many residents of New Vernon!' township joined it, and John B. Hogue, j' of New Vernon, became one of its lieu¬ tenants. Part of Company K, Sixty-third Reg¬ iment, was from Mercer. It Was raised ! . at Sharpsville, and was commanded by Capt. C. W. Chapman. Robert Orr, of ■ Mercer, was color-bearer of the Sixty- * I third, a nd re-enlisted in the One Hun¬ dred and Fifth. There were also two Mercer county companies in the Fifty- cer town, A. C. Grove from New Leba¬ non and R. C. Craig from Pine Grove. Its first fighting was under Hancock, at Chancellorsville. At Gettysburg Col. R. P. Roberts was killed. Capt. T. B. Rodgers, of Company B, was promoted to major, dating from July 4, 1S63. The regiment fought gallantly through the succeeding campaigns till the war closed. Company A, of the One Hun¬ dred and Forty-second, was raised mainly in West Middlesex. Capts. H. N. Warren and F. M. Powell were from that town. Organized in 1862, it was Y3 At the recent reunion and organization of with the Army of the Potomac at Fred¬ the survivors of the Eleventh Pennsylvania ericksburg, Chancellorsville and Get-1 tysburg. Col. Cummins was mortally Cavalry at Lakemont Park, the following wounded, and Capt. Warren, of Com¬ history of the regiment was read by Mr. ■ 1 pany A, became successively major, Emery "West of John3town, who was chosen lieutenant colonel and colonel and secretary of the new association: brought the regiment home. The Eleventh Pennsylvania Calalry was Company G, of the One Hundred and organized October 5,1861, and was mus¬ Forty-fifth, was recruited about Green¬ ville by Capt. W. W. W. Wood. At Fred¬ tered out August 13,1865. I will endeavor ericksburg he and Lieut. John W. Vin¬ to give you a few facts of personal knowl¬ cent were mortally wounded. In this edge, from hooks and papers of the deeds battlgp with eight companies engaged, done, the hardships endured, the associa¬ tions formed, and the stiring scenes—some ft the One Hundred and Forty-fifth lost 91 men and 9 officers. At Petersburg pleasant, others sad—through which wei passed duriDg four years of service under many of its officers and men were cap¬ the old flag. tured. It fought at Chancellorsville O'. .. -Jt was organized with 1,089 on the Pamunkey river, officers, under the name of made on the 26thj, to the' ra r!an s Light Cavalry.’' It was raised .s an independent regiment by Colonel over the South'Anna river, near Hauove Josiah Harlan of Philadelphia, under the court house, where a mounted and dis¬ special authority of the secretary of war. mounted charge was made, which resulted Company A was from Iowa, portions of in the capture of the enemy’s works, one lieutenant colonel, and 126 prisioners. Companies E and P from Hew York, part of Company I from Hew Jersey, Company During this expedition the Rebel Gen¬ M from Ohio, and the remainder of the eral W. H. P. Lee and horse were cap¬ Regiment from Pennsylvania. tured; also 700 horses and mules and 80 At Hestonville, near Philadelphia, we first wagons. After destroying the bridge, the put on the blue. Prom there we went by regiment returned to the White House; rail to Washington, D. C,, and encamped uhis was one of the most successful raids on Seventh street, where we received our during the war, considering the amount of horses and equipments. The regiment men engaged in it. Prom the 25th of July marched from Camp Harlin, on Seventh 1 iH -d °f August, the Eleventh and the [Street, Washington, October 16 to Camp :hirst Hew York Mounted R'lies made a Palmer, Va., near Ball’s cross roads, where i raid into Horth Carolina, captured some 40 it went into camp for instructions and drill rebels and over 100 horses. Congress having authorized the raising of During the latter part of 1890 over 400 r,e,?lm,?n!s States only, the formation of veterans enrolled themselves for three more Harlin s Light Cavalry” was irregular years additional service. These veterans and it was attached to the Pennsylvania comprised the best material in the regiment organization on account of having more Early in Pebruar.y, 1864,“ the men from- Pennsylvania than any of the r*'Sllnent was sent to Williamsburg, where other Stares, under the name of the stables and camp were again established, {Eleventh Pennsylvania Cavalry—the one but only remained there a few weeks, when hundred and eighth in line of Pennsylvania the regiment was ordered, with General | regiments. On Hovember 17, 1861 the I VVistar s command, to march on to Rich¬ | regiment broke camp and marched to’ An¬ mond. We succeeded in getting only as napolis, Md., and from there it proceeded far as Bottom’s Bridge, the failure being | on transports to Camp Hamilton, near Por- due to a deserter giving the enemy notice of j tress Monroe, Ya. Here stables and quar- the expedition. j ters were built, and when the spring cam¬ The regiment then returned to Portsmouth paign opened the regiment was as efficient and General Kautz organized a cavalry di¬ in squadron drill and general instruction vision composed of the Eleventh Pennsyl- and condition of men and horses as any It® Mrst strict of Colum- I regiment in the service. Ip' ’11*0. Tln.rd New York and the Pifth In March, 1862, Companies M and C were Pennsylvania Cavalry. Long raids were ordered to Hewpoit Hews. On May 16th and ont0^e h^rt °f the enemy’s coutory® Companies A, E, G, H and L, under Lieu¬ ana on tlie 5th of May the division tenant-Colonel Spear, were sent to Ports¬ reached the Weldon Railroad, near ' the mouth, ,Yayvand a f«w days later marched Natfcoway river and drove the rebels from to.SufFolk, Va. The other five companies the railroad bridge and burned it, also de- of the regiment, under Colonel Josiah Har¬ Stltiol hpmrnmti.the “P® day at Jarrett’s lan, were ordered to join the army of the station. Prom there the command pro¬ Potomac atthe White House, in June, and ceeded direct to City Point, arriving on the on the 20th of August they joined the evening °f March 10 having marched 300 balance of the regiment at Suffolk, Va niiles m six days, with one man killed and Jf1?™ Harlan was mustered out August Lieutenant Prudhomme and 10 men wound- 20, 186.,, and Colonel Samuel P. Spear was Stim tY®, !' da7 we started for the Dan- commissioned colonel of the Eleventh The It1Co^irtll'raa?oan^ 8truck it the same night regiment remained at Suffolk for nearly Elft Pro vu •2amileS froru Richmond. At a year. Almost daily reconnoissances were DlaceCnn Sharp engagement took made to the Blackwater by companies V? which Lieutenant squadrons, or battallions, and frequent Shriver was killed. Prom there we went skirmishes and engagements with the across to the Southside Railroad by way of enemy took place. On December 2, the Jarrett’s Station, Sussex. Court Housed to regiment made a saber charge at Beaver City Point, arriving on the 17th. '* ; «*»«* capturing 25 prisoners and the „ tlus raid „the command destroyed I ine'll>arnted^Cket^attery’ taken from Mc¬ aiS0ll“t ,of railroad track on the I Clellan on the peninsula. Danville, Southside & Weldon Railroad On January 30, 1863, the regiment took a “oad stations, warehouses, locomo- prominent part in the defeat of Rebel Gen- tives and cars, averaging a march of nearly teLP/y0rAat battle of D eserted 50 miles a day. Our loss was one officer and [House. On March 17, 1863, two charges aUd eight men wounded. were made on the enemy’s works at Prank- Un the Jfch of June, after a rapid march to , hn, where Lieutenant Mowday was killed the rear of Petersburg, on the Jerusalem and many others wounded. During the plank road, the division made an attack on iieP^.Su^0lk,?y Dongstreet, from April the rebel works, captnring one gun and II to May 3, the regiment was actively 50 prisoners. On the 16th, the regiment .employed. During our stay at Suffolk took part, on the left, in the attack ®?°U'led the country from the James resulted in the capture of the I liver to the Albemarle Sound, in Horth oam line of works around Peters- * Carolina, capturing many prisoners and 7e 2i.st to the 30th Kautz’s much property. It is estimated that each [and Wilsons divisions raided the I company marched an average of 300 country; on the 25th, at Stanton river, an¬ miles per month during this nA-iYi other attack was made, resulting in the loss On the 21st of June the regiment marched [Of Captain Reynolds, who was killed, and to Portsmouth and took transports to the jMfJor Ackeriy severely wounded. On the White House. While in Damn ton Roads Tho^St°Dy Creek- and Ream’s Station on on this voyage, we were overtaken bv a tfie ^Jth, heavy engagements took place, in I storm and compelled to anchor for several which both divisions lost heavilv On thn hours; one horse was lost by falling over¬ raid the Eleventh lost 130 men—killed board. On arriving at the White House wounded and missing—Captains Reynolds’, Loomis and Bailey, and Lieutenant Tears being killed, and Captain Roberts mortally had not been surrendered. In this. short wounded. Major Aekerly and burgeon campaign the Eleventh took a conspicuous Harlan were captured and Lieutenant part, assisting in the capture of 110 pieces of Barclay wounded and captured. artillery, 41 mortars, six heavy guns, 126 lu the march and endurance of the carriages and caissons, seven forges, and a men this raid was not excelled during the large munition and otncr war_uearly 500 miles traveled in 10 days, stores Tuo lo-s» f uie rrgiment was three including the time engaged in fighting. officers killed aud one captured and 25 en¬ The command returned to Jones’ Neck, listed men killed and wounded. During after which the regiment received Spencer the latter part of July the regiment was or¬ carbines, and crossed the James river on dered to Richmond for the purpose of being the 29th. On the 7th of October we were, mustered out. It arrived there August 3 attacked, three miles from our infantry, by and went into camp near Manchester, and from five to seven thousand Rebels. With on the 14th it embarked on transports for the loss of artillery in this engagement, the Baltimore. ^ T . . , regiment suffered very heavily. Major At Fortress Monroe Company L rejoined Litus and Lieutenant Barber were wounded the regiment, having arrived from the east¬ and captured, and Captain Bacon and Lieu¬ ern shore of Virginia. On the 17 thof Au¬ tenant Beers were captured. Lieutenant gust the regiment passed through Philadel¬ Colonel Stratton had been wounded pre¬ phia to Camp Cadwallader, and on the 19 th vious to this. The command fell upon Major ir. was discharged and paid. The ongina Skelly. During the remainder of October enlistment was 1,130, and the number of re- the regiment had several skirmishes, in one cruits received 913, making a total of -^,043. of which Lieutenant Banks was severely Out of that number 832 were left, who were. wounded, and in November the regiment went into camp for the winter. The Eleventh held the right of the line enth Pennsylvania Cavalry alter four at New Market Hights, during the attack, years’ honorable service in the War of the Rebellion The bones of 120 whiten the and sustained a loss of several men killed battlefields of tbe South, 130 died in Union and wounded; Captain Tripp received a nr Rebel hospitals and Rebel prisons, and severe wound in this engagement. During 12 brave and gallant officers laid down their the fall, about 400 of the men and officers were mustered out, upon the expiration of lives in battle. . 950 their term of service. Near Five Forks, a mounted and dismounted charge was made r»"\y"ng eomr“.y. oh.ri.b tb.ir memo,, by the Eleventh, completely routing the with sad yet fond lhose who enemy, and it was afterward learned that great Republic proudly honors those wno the enemy’s forces in this engagement was have been permitted to return to their just double that of ours In this attack, homes to witness the fruits of their toils and Major Monroe and Captain Lancaster were danaers Brave fallen, rest in your glory! killed. Lieutenant Matthews mortally Ho mired survivors, a grateful country wounded, Lieutenant Wolf captured, and a number of men killed and wouoded. This greets you division joined the Fifth Corps on the right and in the final movement of theday, which , resulted in the caputre of 10,000 prisoners The Eleventh bore a conspicuous part in From, this movement. On the 4th of April, the Eleventh, haviug the advance, attacked the enemy’s rear guard at Deep Creek, and after an hour’s hard fighting, gained the position. The,enemy’s loss was 20 killed, including one colonel and one captain, while but two men of the Eleventh slielnlv wounffed. On the morniDg of the | Bate, j 9th of April, General McKenzie’s brigade, of which the Kleventh was a part, h-id The Skirmish In MoConnelxstmrg-A orders to engage the enemy foreward to the Lynchburg turnpike, about! Ileminiscence of the War. MU one mile west of Appomattox Court House, Capt. Abram Jone3, U. S. A.., wWwe| near which Lee’s army lay. This movement home is in Sing-.Sing, N-. ¥•, registered at j placed the brigade directly across Lee s line of escape, and, Lietenant-Colonel Strat¬ the Fulton KouSe, on Thursday last, and! ton having been ordered forward with his was called on by quite a numoer or ourj regiment (the Eleventh), we had the battle of the war. This movement to the rear was citizens, who remembered him, and thej reinforced by JTorter’s division of tne skirmish in our streets between .the cavalry Twenty-fourth corps, emerging from the rthich he commanded and a body of Con¬ woods in solid line of battle, moving for¬ ward rapidly, sweeping back the enemy federates. At our request a citizen of this nearly a mile to tbe sloap of the bill over- place has written us an account of the af¬ looking the rebel main position, and there halted. Other troops came up rapidly, fair taken from notes made at the time ana Forty pieces of artillery were placed in po¬ from memory: sition. In the valley below, only halt a About 8.30 a. m., on one of the gloomy mile distant, lay the shattered army of the Confederacy—infantry, cavalry, artillery war days of June, 1863, during tbe invasion and train8 crowded together in confusion,; of General Lee the citizens of McConnells- surrounded on all sides, and completely at,| the mercy of the boys in blue. burg were very much cheered by the sight While in this position hostilities w«rn«u«- of a company of cavalry coming into town pended, terms agreed upon, and the der took place. The next day the Eleventh, from the direction of Everett, where Gen¬ under Captain Elliott, found and took pos¬ eral Milroy was with his shattered com¬ session of 54 pieces of artiUerv which the mand, having been driven out of \V inches- rebels had buried at Red Oak Church and | ter, Va. Up to this time we had seen noth¬ | the captain’s file comrade fi3r uMIMlh' They toldmeonetroublewiththemwas their officersweregenerallyfromthe on accountof’theirpompouspresenceat wealthy familiesandnotlikedbythemen drills andpara3.essafeabsenceirorn and left.Itwas,supposed they tookthe wagons toremovecomrades that hadbeen pike abovewhichCaptain -Jonesdidnot wounded abovethefirstacute angleonthe follow, themenemptying theirpieces across thehollowintopell-mell ofre¬ flecting Kebs. G. One oftheguardandmyselfsatdown'orn The guardandIwentintoadiscussion He madesomeverystrongassertionshow This partyappropriatedawagon ortwo 'affords agreatopportunityinwhichloyal THE WOMEN’S^REI/tEy^PS^ jects hereinsetforth,andthroughanational to progressivewomen,appliedthem,which in thelineofmarch,weretheyevidence, Mary TempleBayard DISTINGUISHED WOMENATTHELATE WIVES OFOUR relief workinwhichtheheartleads for theireffortsalongthelineofsystematized numbers 140,000members,andcertainlyit fact issignificant.Thisorganizationnow term, “alotofcranks,”socommonlycharged and yetnotoncedidweheartheodions Grand Armyitselfandeverywhere,except Everywhere theydividedattentionwiththe and Pittsburg’swoodswerefullofthem. nent membersoftheWomen’sBeliefCorps,1 Pittsburg hasbeenmeetingthemorepromi¬ rules andregulationsforitsgovernment: convention doordainandenactthelollowing ters andsistersofUnionsoldiers,sailors large body: following extracttakenfromacopyofthe strong executiveability. hand andwherebothmustbedirectedby women ofthecountrymayfindanavenue during therecentgrandencampmentatj need helpandprotection;to extendneedful dead. assist theGrandArmyof Republicand establish apermanentassociationfortheob¬ bellion, do,withotherloyalwomen,uniteto marines whoaidedinputtingdownthere¬ wide asourUnion,maybelearnedfromthe sympathy and friends; tocherishandemu¬ aid tothewidowsanaorphans; tofindthem to perpetuatethememory of4 theheroic our country inherhour ofperil. late thedeeds of ourarmynursesandall "rules andregulations”whichgovernthe loyal womenwho renderedlovingserviceto homes andemployment andassurethemof Distinguished MembersofHerSex Unqualified Success. Army ReunionatPittsburg;Suchan Who HelpedtoMaketheCirancJ Objects: Section1.Tospecially aidana Section 2.Toassistsuchunion interestsas Preamble. We,themothers,wives,daugh¬ One ofthechiefpleasuresforawoman The aimsandobjectsoftheorder,now IR|iY VETERANS NATIONAL-ENCAMPMENT. Ch&ts Abki' •7. ‘ ,- ;3”s:s ,r^\o< t'rz°“:=' O-ETTITSBUBC3-, JPA-. Her pot ®nter!’r'® w-s whicb is on the cot- Home nt Waupaca, keep families tape P^u and their wives.! Tuesday Evening. Feb. 9, 1892. together. Old so1d^ soldiers’ widows are| mothers of^^VlSrted by the received. rh® ’ hlic and the Women s A Few words witli two Univer¬ grisrs ?r.ip— „» ^ sity P ofessors and one t-s-w B.*. h« «‘f •f”tr;,Sy! Confederate Colonel. dier breveted brigadier eenera^l g. ^ Her upon the battlefield o ^ ’ he bavins: One would naturally expect to find ^^r^c:^tho’timeofthe| accurate writing in the Atlantic Monthly. Yet in the February num-| " Another woman with dW her iu an article by Harvard Professor fathers is Mrs. Mary Sears Mctie y>minent national president a'nd w i p d during Shaler on “The Border State Men of the hanker in Dennison ^member the first I Civil War,” (o 256), he speaks of his the war. She is a chart the head of the conviction in 1861 that the "North was local corps of her city , ndant of Isaac I department. She is a esc: ag .. Kmg | right in making War for the preserva- Sears, known » "Company which went to : tion of the Union.” The fact is that Sears,” who led the P 3 tho stamps that. the Governor and demand^„stamp actf” the North did not “make" War at all.' had been sent over attended! It accepted War. War was beguc at U and secured a barrelFive him 1861 the tea party in Bosto d for his cap- l' Fort Sumter in April, , by the Con- dred pounds sterlings ^ went with a. & federate Government opening? fiie on ture, and in the fac york and in broad, ■ Fort Sumter. To that, President Lin-j dlyBght seized the°office of thea Tory I coin replied by his proclamation for 75,- pa|er" destroyed the: presses. on I 000 men. The Confederacy was then T^dDu^more The British commander, for land there the aggressor overtly, as it " damages, he rodo away. P During the administration of ^e made i had been for months an aggressor less Henry the Belief Corps is the I pronouncedly. progress all along t 'a iaTge body of, Again, this Professor speaking of work in the 1?a“ds „ 0f which these few I himself said that generally he had capable, patriotmw .shole wio can : mentioned but repre "For men I ‘ ‘held to the doctrine that a State had a, doubt that the work w 1 r. „ D0 longer must work and women must weep Womcn u right to secede whenever it teas sub¬ jected to inevitable and unendurable ills, ” as though this were that case. But 'SXSmS SwotUm ib.» to ou, to«- j this was not that case. The i Tethers during the revolution? I;, against which the South revolted was the A-a in l; election of Abraham Lincoln. He had I done nothing and proposed to do noth- S£CZE“ the land ^n TerTfitted | ment. Whole compares ofjenwei I ing, endurable or unendurable, justity- ont with uniforms by tl that the blue ■ ing secession aud War. The “uneu-' who frequently sewed au n foT flannel suits nnght be finished i^ ■ durable” came as a direct result of the the muster TiTTf wT-’ hurst in all their i War, and not because President Lm- I coin in 1861 proposed to bring it, or sisters and daushters^ast amidst carnage l was pledged to bring it, or was expected at the Tisk of their own yv. ^ shTink, that caused the Bfck wounded and dying? H to bring it. minister to the sica. » • ^ home do In fact, Mr. Lincoln in 1861 was i ABd did. Dt£ethey o°rgaSe" Christian i powerless to do anything injurious to war service when they o » and the South or any part of it. He could commissions, ,??? relief societies? And the numerous like re hamlet from the uot have made a Cabinet even, excep j were not women in , minis-tering to with the consent of the South. Con¬ Atlantic to tho Pacl®ft„]s and in forwarding the soldiers in hosP Thing and lint? gress was against his views on^ the |JJ stores of delicacies,ovidin- °home and living Slavery Question. The Supreme Court | | And now m ? KOidiers and their for destitute or disabled soldiers ^ fot was against his views on that question- dependent women Tin’s Belief Corps, local He was chosen only byv__ reason of a enllsplit war nurses the Women » «W>oton Tith the and national, are but fm "of war but still in the Democratic party. He received humane work begun in tim ^ AU holl0r found necessary in times ot p but a little over one-third of the whole to our women-solcBeis.^ TEMpLE Bayaed. . popular vote. The opposition vote ex¬ ceeded his by nearly ®ne million of . Tia was, thus, pre-eminently all minority President, and with both of [] to make and meet the prodigious sacri¬ the other departments of the Govern¬ fices of the conflict. With Union .-uc-| ment against his views on Slavery he cess Slavery went down—not, however, was wholly without power to harm, V :in the crash of battle—but by the de- even if he had had the disposition so to I liberate act of the whole people after- do. Then, how absurd to talk of the ] wards in a constitutional way, as a just right to secede as then hotly exercised, I and proper close to the bloody struggle. being an exercise of that power to es- , Equally misleading is the reported cape “inevitable and unendurable ills 1 ” statement by Col. Charles Marshall, of Equally inaccurate is a like statement I Baltimore, in that Confederate Memo¬ by Prof. Gildersleeve of Johns Hopkins rial Address, in which he says thatl University, in the January Atlantic while the secession of the Cotton States * Monthly. He was a Confederate sol- . in January and February, 1861, was dier and declares that the “cause we -■ ‘neither right nor politic nor neces¬ “fought for and our brothers died for sary,” the subsequent secession of the “was the cause of civil liberty, and not Border States, in response to President 1 “the cause of human Slavery.” This Lincoln’s proclamation of April 15, sounds well as a sentence, and we can 1861, was right because that proclama¬ understand how Prof. Gildersleeve, if tion assailed “civil liberty,” in assailing “only for his children’s sake,” intensely trial by jury, and the habeas corpus. desires that it be true. But it is plainly Col. Marshall ought to know that Pres¬ not true. It is a vain imagination. If ident Lincoln’s proclamation touched the issue between the two armies was neither of these things, but it called for "civil liberty.” pray when was it put troops “for the purpose of maintaining in issue, and what civil right was “the honor, the integrity, and the ex¬ wwe destroyed by the Union victory ? ( istence of our National Union and the What personal right did Prof. Gilder¬ “perpetuity of popular government and sleeve or any one else leave at Appo¬ “to redress wrongs already long mattox, destroyed by the surrender ? “enough endured.” And in it was de¬ What privilege of citizenship had he clared “that any devastation, any de before the Rebellion, which he has not “struetion of or interference with prop now ? How much less restricted is “erty, or any disturbance of peaceful American Liberty now than it was “citizens of any part^ofjthe country was then ? What did Southern citizenship as ’ “to be with the utmost care avoided.” I it was lose by defeat'( What did North¬ What was there in that to justify the ern citizenship as it was gain by victory ? charge that Mr. Lincoln sought to de-.fc The precise truth is, nothing came to stroy “civil liberty” ? After Sum- V either from it. The War did not touch ter was captured, was Lincoln supinely either. The direct issue of principle to await the capture of Fortress Mon- between the two forces was the alleged roe and all the forts of the Union within right of secession. That went down at reach of the insurgents V Was he to J vj Appomattox. Less directly .but actually, wait till every strategic point was oc- | did Slavery get into the issue, because cupied by the enemy, before respond¬ the Confederacy based its system of ing to their assaults ? On what ground, " * government and society on Slavery as is attack by one party to be justified and < a “corner-stone,” in the vivid language upheld, and defence by the other party of its Vice President. Had the Con¬ ip to be censured and denounced ? Mr. 1 federacy triumphed, Slavery would, Lincoln’s call was strictly within the '1 therefore, and avowedly, have been the line of highest duty when he appealed distinguishing mark, and the pre-emi¬ to the people for means to resist attacks | nent aim, of its life. No soldier who upon the “forts, places and property !-| fought in the Confederate army, there¬ seized from the Union.” fore, could, if he would, have helped As Col. Marshall puts it, “Lincoln ’ lighting—at once for the Confederate took away the right of trial by jury •; Cause, for the Confederate Constitu¬ and habeas corpus, and took away the | tion, and for the System of Slavery people’s money to carry on War against JJ whose safety and whose interests were us, and to vindicate these rights the ’* the subtle and the real power which i Confederacy took its stand, supported J nerved each of the Confederate States by the Border Slave States.” This isB -- pleasant rhetoric, but Co). Marshall lie officials, but “their action anc should have examined dates before words” were said to have been “hostile venturing such statements. When did to the Confederate cause.” Col. Wood Virginia, the leading Border State, said it will be a mere farce to arrest with its Convention in session watching them and then turn them over to courts, and waiting, join the Confederacy? for it will be “next to an impossibility On the 9th of April, by a vote of 128 to to convict them.” Some were confined 20, it recognized the Independence of in jail in Knoxville; others were sent | the seceding States. This was before to Nashville. Colonel Wood asked in-1 the attack on Sumter. On the 17th of structions from the Confederate Secre¬ April it passed in secret session its Ordi¬ tary of War—Judah P. Benjamin, then nance of Secession—88 to 55. On the lately a U. S. Senator. What was Sec-1 25th of April it made a military league retary Benjamin’s reply, no doubt un¬ with the Confederate States, gave Jef¬ der instructions from the President of I ferson Davis command of her military the Confederacy ? 1st. All the pris-f forces, and gave him all her munitions ’. - oners are to be treated as prisoners of! of war. Now, when did President War. That removed all of them from Lincoln “take away” trial by jury and the protection of civil law; and put the habeas corpus ? Not a step in the them all under military law. 2d. All direction of either, and then only for such as can be identified as having military purposes, was taken till after been engaged in bridge-burning are to the last of those dates. So that the be tried summarily by drum-head court- j statement that Virginia, which was martial, and. if found guilty, executed\ the pivotal State of the Border States, on the spot by hanging. The Secretary j seceded because Lincoln took away then interprets the spirit of his order habeas corpus and trial by jury is by adding the cold words: “It would! impossible to be true. “be well to leave their bodies hanging One would infer from Col. Marshall’s “in the vicinity of the burnt bridgeo.” j remarks that the Confederate Govern¬ This was done, and Confederate regard | ment was entitled to go into history as for trial by jury and habeas corpus re¬ the one Government which carried on a ceived an incontestable illustration. long War without interfering with the This was in November, 1861—only six j trial by jury and the habeas corpus. months after the opening of hostilities. But he certainly knows that the Presi¬ So that while Col. Marshall was in dent of the Confederacy as early as arms in order to protect “civil liberty” 1 March, 1862, declared the suspension of in its two great rights, that of trial by | the writ of habeas corpus “in cities jury and of the writ of habeas corpus, threatened with invasion that he af¬ the administration for which he ex-1 terward extended martial law over East posed his person was busy in breaking Tennessee, and suspended all civil juris¬ down both in a spirit of blood-thirsti¬ diction and the writ of habeas corpus ; ness, and in the exercise of executive and that he issued a like proclamation authority alone. to apply to certain counties named in Nor is this all. Col. Marshall ought to Virginia—all in 1862. know the fact that, as late as the Spring I All these were under authority of of 1865, only three months before the law. And what was the policy of that collapse of the Confederacy, their Con¬ administration on habeas corpus and gress passed a wider act, to suspend the I trial by jury, before the Confederate writ of habeas corpus in all cases of ar- Congress authorized the suspension of rest by order of the President, the Sec¬ both ? The East Tennessee case in retary of War or the general officer November, 1861, is the crashing an¬ commanding the Trans-Mississippi Mil-1 swer. Col. Wood, commanding thepost itary Department. So that, from first at Knoxville, reported the arrest of to last, the Confederate government re-1 Judge Patterson, State Senator Pick¬ garded both these great rights as prop-1 ens, several members of the Legislature er to be subordinated to the necessities of Tennessee and others of influence of the military campaign. and some distinction in their counties. The plea that Col. Marshall and These persons were not found in arms. his fellow Confederates from Maryland | They were civilians, some of them pub- who left their State and joined the l life. The Twejity4T]xth Tennessees had Army of the Confederacy in order to smelt the butchery and came march- ing to Stone river about 4 o’clock on save the writ of habeas corpus from des¬ ecration, and to preserve inviolable the right of trial by jury, reduces itself, in f the light of these facts, from the plane of the chivalric on which he places it, to the plane of the grotesque on which it is. E. McP. APTURED AT STONE RIVER. BONNY BLA'E FLAG TAKEN BY THH SEVENTY-EIGHTH. History of the Conflict Where the Emblem Was Taken—A Regiment of Western Pennsylvanians Makes Friday afternoon, January 2, blazoning a Gallant Fight—Colonel Blakely their arrival with the self-same stand¬ Now Has the Banner — Its Career ard now in Pittsburg. There were I 16.000 men striving northward. Facing Since the Great Rebellion. ' south were only 3,000 soldiers. Each side was thinking of Murfreesboro; the one whetted by defeat, the other rendered unduly sanguine by victory. Instead of floating proudly to the Gen. Breckinridge’s division charged breeze for the centuries to come, as to the left of the northern troops bo was once dreamed about for itself and boldly that General Van Cleave’s divi¬ its fellows, there is one flag of the sion was driven back, and the rebel* i Confederacy passing away a musty old were in the middle of Stone river with their faces set for Washington, D. C. age among- other trophies of the war The fifty-two pieces of northern artil¬ ' in Allegheny. Stowage has not im¬ lery were doing some deadly but un¬ proved whatever beauty it started out heeded execution, and heaven only in life with, and time is waging almost knows what had been in store but for as cruel a warfare with its triune the sudden appearance of a small body of men to the right of the main hues as did the bullets of the Union army. soldiers thirty-one years ago. Until a This was Colonel Negley’s division of few days since its fusty glory was the Seventy-eighth Pennsylvania, tucked away in the archives of General which charged down the hill, carrying Blakely in trust for the Seventy- everything before it. The southern eighth regiment, Colonel William Sir-' men stopped long enough in the waters well’s Own, which just paid out 1,200 of of Stone river to ponder and get its good and true men for the posses¬ scared. They wondered if the woods sion of these few yards of rebellious were full of the fiery Pennsylvanians, colors, but now it has been brought to and then they skedaddled, followed by light to have the story of its captura the northerners. It was at this time told as a proper encampment yarn. that the flag changed owners, but no The transfer of this particular sam¬ human eye looking out from a sentient ple of the “Stars and Bars” from the mind saw the transfer as it was made, | top of a flag-pole into the hands of and therefore no human tongue can northern soldiers happened January 2, tell the story. Conjecture has settled on i 1863, about 5 o’clock in the evening. 5 o’clock as the hour when the cap¬ 1 The event is set down in history as the ture took place, but beyond this it is ! battle of Stone River, which follows wrapped in the mystery that envelopes ! Shiloh and Chickamauga as the third ; many other great events. Little re¬ ' most sanguinary conflict of the civil mains to be told. Bearing the southern : war. Preceding this but two days be- colors, the Seventy-eighth Pennsyl¬ I fore was the repulse at Murfreesboro, vania regiment bore across the river, j Tenn., a few miles distant, when the wiped up the earth with the boys In j right wing of the Federal army was gray, carried off four pieces of crack ! crippled and almost crushed out of artillery that hacl_ already done duty '/at the first battle of Bull and to"~hi¥~boys was an act of kindness to made for Murfreesboro. Two days him, and the following letter, full of1 V later ihe town was evacuated and the the characteristic delicacy and apprecia¬ Pennsylvania boys peopled it tempo¬ tion of the loved president was written rarily, lived at the court house, and by Mr. Lincoln In thanks to Mrs. Egbert: thawed out their frozen toes. When “Executive Mansion, they came north the flag came with “Washington, Jan. 9, 1865. them, and from that time on its hts-j “Mrs. Milton C. Egbert, tory has been an uneventful one. “Col. Forney assures me that you will It has followed the fortunes of the not be displeased If I tender, as I most heartily do, my sincere thanks for your regiment ever since. Part of the time munificent Christmas donation of five it was in the possession of Colonel thousand dollars to the sick and wounded ! William Sirwell, of Kittanning, whose soldiers in the Philadelphia hospitals. parental care was not of the best, since “Your Obt. Servt, once it was almost lost. Colonel WiltViU-s “A. LINCOLN.” iam Blakely has charge of it at A number of the soldiers who enjoyed present time, i. Mr. and Mrs. Egbert’s Christmas dinner belonged to the Crocker Post, Des. Moines, Iowa. The story of the noble donation spread through the ranks of the post, and From, w < Mr. and Mrs. Egbert had many unknown friends among the Iowa boys. The grate¬ ful members of the post kept track of the whereabouts of their benefactors. The . result was that almost the first question they asked whey they arrived in Pitts-1 burgh was: “Do you know Dr. Milton) C. Egbert, and was Mrs. Egbert his wife?” Date, The doctor and his wife were found, of course, although not until yesterday, and just as they had opened their hearts to the boys in blue 30 years ago, so did they . THIRTY YEARS AFTER do again when the boys gathered round them yesterday. They invited the vet¬ erans to their home last evening and THE STORY OF A FIVE THOUS¬ there they made the boys royally welcome and entertained them in their own inim¬ AND DOLLAR CHECK. itable way. Mr. E. H. Dermott was pres¬ ent, and his “Way Down Upon the Su- wanee Elver” brought back old recol¬ How a Well-Known Pittsburgh Lady lections and feelings that filled the hearts of the veteran guests. Made Glad the Hearts of Sick and A tale of the war entitled “Home, Wounded Soldiers in 1864—Some Sweet Home,” recited in a beautiful of Them Now in the City and They manner by Miss Williams, of Indiana, brought many a tear to the eyes of her Personally Thank the Donor. listeners. Mrs. Celestia McDonald sang “Tenting Tonight on the Old Campi Ground,” and the guests joined her; Not all patriotic interest centered at in the chorus with a right good witl. Brinton last night. Miss Angel, also, in her beautiful way, i In 1864 the Philadelphia hospitals added to the joy of the evening by a! held 7,212 soldiers, sich and wounded. sweet solo. One of the good comrades It was drawing toward Christmas time. himself, Oapt. J. W. Muffly, sang an old war song, and his comrades and Perhaps the Christmas season was harder friends who were gathered about swelled than any other on the brave boys in the chorus. blue. Thoughts of home were hard to Then came talks and informal speeches bear then, and this was more especially by the veterans, and one and another true in the case of the wounded and the was called to the floor by his former sick. The Philadelphia sufforeers did not mates in arms. The good chaplain of the complain, but all the feeling that the post, the Eev. B. F. W. Cozier, spoke Christmas season suggested centered in first. His talk was beautiful—It is no —home. wonder that the Crocker Post loved their Mrs. Milton C. Egbert, a thoughtful chaplain. Mr. H. C. Windsor followed; woman, living at that time some 150 him; also Capt. Muffly and Capt. W. A. miles up the Allegheny, but for a num¬ Abbott, whose speeches were interrupted ber of years past a resident of South in delightful fashion every now and then Negley-ave, Pittsburgh, conceived the by the appreciative remarks and good- idea of giving the hospital sufferers a natured banterings of their other com¬ Merry Christmas in so far as she could. rades present, among whom were Lieut. She was a bride at the time, just 18 0. W. Green, Mr. J. C. Jamison, who, by 1 years of age. She and her husband the way, is a Pittsburgher, and a made inquiries as to the number of the former resident of Des Moines; Mr. <. sick and wounded in the Philadelphia William Bagly and Mr. F. Babcock. and Germantown hospitals and the cost The whole evening was full of good of giving them a first-class dinner. Tba feeling and warmth, and again and result was a $5,000 check placed in the again the speakers recurred to the occa¬ hands of one of the best of Philadel¬ sion of the gathering and the former phia’s caterers by Mr. and Mrs. Egbert, kindness and present hospitality of and a royal feast for the boys. That their warm-hearted host and hostess. the homesick sufferers appreciated this Seldom have the guests who were present beautiful act need hardly be mentioned. spent such a pleasant evening. The news of the Christmas festivities In addition to the comrades themselves in Philadelphia reached the ears of good the following were among the number Father Abraham. An act of kindness of guests: Mrs. H. C. Windsor, president of the Crocker Relief Corps, of Des duty at this critical time. The fine regi¬ Moines; Mrs. Jamison and Miss Hattie ment she sent into the field was second Jamison, of Pittsburgh; Mrs. Pavitt, to none that bore the eagles of the Re¬ sister of Mr. Jamison; Miss Hattie Ank- public to victory. You played no mean ney, Mrs. W. A. Abbott and Mrs. J. W, part, my oomrades, in the great struggle Muffly, all from Iowa; Mr. and Mrs. E. and deserve well of your country. Let H. Dermott and Mr. and Mrs. Weart, of us indulge a moment In retrospect. Re¬ Pittsburgh; Mr. Smith, of Warren; Mrs. call your assembling at the camp of In¬ Waite, of Oil City, and Mrs. Oelesfcia struction at Doylestown; your going to McDonald, of Pittsburgh. Washington, and the Winter spent at the National Capital. In the Spring you took the field with the Army of the Potomac, leading to the Peninsula the 1st Division, From, 4th Corps, and the early days of April found you In the mud and swamps before Yorktown. You now get a taste of real war, and no longer indulge in its “ pomp and parade.” You try to kill your enemy and your enemy tries to kill you. At the ■ banquet you sit down to, you have neither your mothers, your wives nor your sis¬ ters to pass round the ice cream and spongecake; the menu is less inviting; hard tack and salt pork are the leading delicacies, and now and then a shell or solid shot is served up for desert. Here you received your initial baptism of fire, Delivered at the Fifth Annual Re , - t ,7 the full rights being administered later. union of t.he Survivors’ Associa¬ You remember the trying day at Wil¬ -• . ■ / liamsburg where, after tramping round ' tion, 104th Pa. Volunteers, at New¬ for hours through the mud and soaked 1 .k ■ town, Bucks Co., Sept. 30, 1894, by with rain, you reached the battle field late in the afternoon, and supported Hancock. W. W. H. Davis. j What an awful night! The battle was My comrades: Although I have not over, and the dead were about us on all sides; in the grass, in the fence corners, been deputed to bid you weloome, that along the roads and paths, and the having been already done, and in a more wounded had laid down to die. The substantial way than by word of mouth, 104th was one of the regiments that kept I will do it nevertheless. A double wel¬ watch and ward through that night, sit¬ come can do no harm to this occasion. ting on the ground rifle in hand,ready I am so near my birthplace, I feel that to spring up at a moment’s notice should “ I am on my native heath,” and a little the enemy attempt to renew the fight. disposed to take liberties. My comrades, you recall the fatiguing The 104th Association could not have march up the Peninsula, and the varied selected a place in the county, for Its scenes of war daily and hourly passing, annual reunion, more redolent of history until we reach the historic Chlckahom- than Newtown. This was a trysting iny/.the enemy standing on the southern place of patriotism in “ the times that bank ready to dispute the passage. Here tried mens’ souls.” Here the men of ’76 additional honors came to the regiment, assembled and marched forth to light the for the 104th was the first to cross. battles of the Revolution. It was to New¬ From this time our regiment led the town Washington came with his Hessian march of the Army of the Potomac until prisoners from the victorious field of it set down before the Confederate Capi¬ Trenton, confining the privates in the tal. You recall the reconnoisance to church and jail, and the officers in the Savage Station, May 24, you, my com¬ taverns. He took quarters at the John rades, leading the column through Harris’ house, west of the creek; and rain and mud and pushing back the marched hence, December 29, to inau¬ enemy in front. The first to fall on gurate that brilliant campaign that that day was young Corporal Thompson, almost drove the enemy from New Company “ D.” and the scene attending Jersey. There is no more fitting place his taking off was quite dramatic. When for men to assemble who fought to pre¬ struck by the fatal bullet he leaned his serve the Union, than on the ground riflle against a tree, remarking to those where their fathers stood in arms in the who stood about him, “ Boys, I am done war that gave birth to that Union. for, but you stand up to the work.” But we are assembled to speak of events ; This gallant soldier lingered eighteen of the more recent past. Is there one months In hospital, and then died of his among you, my comrades, who has for¬ wound. gotten that April morning of 1861, when Do you remember the next man who Sumter’s guns reverberated through the fell on that morning and how he fell ? I land and called the loyal North to arms? was an interested witness and will relate How quickly you dropped the Implements it in a few words. The regiment was of peace, took up the weapons of war, and drawn up behind a worm fence, and I formed in serried ranks to defend what was sitting on the pony watching what freemen hold dear. As Lord Byron so was going on around us. I observed a ! forcibly wrote It In Childe Harold: shell from the enemy’s field battery com¬ ing through the wood In front, appar¬ i “And there was mounting In hot haste, the ently In my direction; knocking off the steed, ■ The mustering squadron and the clattering tops and branches of trees; now crossing car, the intervening field and taking the end Went pouring forward with impetuous off a stake in the fence; now into the speed, ranks of the regiment striking a front- And swiftly forming in the ranks of war.” , rank man on the forehead, and cleaning Bucks county was not remiss In her the brains out of his skull. It next hit Lieutenant Groff, Company H, on the ■ breast, but its force was so far spent it that fortress, and, on ,one~ occasion fell at his feet without killing him. This bringing me a brick as evidence the caused a shudder, for you were new at party had made a landing. Some of you the work. remember one particular night when the Additional honors await your regiment Boat Infantry was ordered out on some at Fair Oaks, the first of the bloody bat¬ desperate service, and a call was made tles in front of Richmond; you had the v?!un^e,®r* ^h0 " feared neither man privilege of firing the first volley from or the Devil when a young soldier rose i 400 death-dealing rifles into a solid mass up In one of the boats and accepted the of the enemy. You stood In the forefront duty. He Is with us to-day, but is too of battle; and, on that fatal day, 175 of brave and too modest to wish ’to be con¬ your comrades fell, killed or wounded ,and spicuous, hence I decline to name him 50 others were prisoners In the enemy’s Heroes are made of such material. While hands. That was a sad day for Bucks we were cooped up that Winter on Morris i county, and tears were shed over the loss Island, only a narrow sand spit, some of of fathers, sons and brothers from Mont¬ the time with a garrison of 10.000 epi¬ gomery to the Lehigh lines. The most sodes of a deeply interesting character, brilliant act of the day was the rescue of and some of them amusing, were con¬ the colors, an act more deserving to be tinually occurring. One I recall. Dur¬ immortalized by the pen of the poet and ing the early Winter, one afternoon, a the brush of the artist than Sheridan’s little negro boy was leading an old mule ride. In it Greek meets Greek, our Greeks hitched to a cart loaded with fixed am¬ the victor. Of the four immediate actors munition, ub the eastern beach. He was in the little drama, one was mortally espied by the enemy at Fort Moultrie wounded and died, and three wounded less two miles away, who fired at the outfit! severely. ihe aim was accurate; the ball struck , There stands one of the rescued flags, tbe tlle .h®ad- and the b°Y walked God bless it! its stars and stripes the off with the bridle rein in his hand un¬ symbal of our country’s power and great-1 harmed, but frightened almost white’. ness; Us tattered folds tell the story of You remember that September night your gallantry on many a well-fought my comrades, the night before the early field. Other honors await Bucks county’s morning when the last assault was to be regiment in the celebrated flank move¬ made on battery Wagner; the quiet - ment from the Chickakominy to the preparations for the struggle; the silent , James. The brigade, of which it formed assembling oi our regiment and brigade apart and was the leading regiment, was on the beach shortly after midnight; and the.rear guard on this occasion, and pro¬ our moving forward for the deadly fray. tected the retreating Federals from the You will recall one fact, my comrades assaults of the pursuing Confederates; the quietness that prevailed In the ranks! marching and fighting day and night, Lven the proverbial joker was silent, and and your lines were not once broken. the constitutional complainer, and he is You passed through this trying ordeal sometimes found amongthe best soldiers with all the honors, and rejoined the had nothing to say. You know the reason army In time to stand in battle array on of this, every man detailed to make this the field of Malvern. The episodes of assault wore his life upon his sleeve and that remarkable movement would make none had the hardihood to break the a volume of thrilling interest. solemn stillness. More than one officer ! Come with me down the Atlantic and man sought the tent of the chaplain coast, you have been there before, my that eventful night, said a little prayer at comrades, among the pines and sands of his side, placed his valuables in his hands 1 the Carollnas, where you did heroic ser¬ gave him a letter ora word for the “loved ' vice for almost two years in your coun¬ ones at home,” and went forth stronger try’s cause. Your service was of a varied for the expected bloody work. You also character, but always arduous. Your remember, my comrades, that when al- r- regiment bore its full part In the memor¬ most ready to enter the “ eminent deadly able operations against the defences be¬ breech ” that would have cost the lives of ! fore Charleston, one of the most remark¬ many, an undefined rumor runs through able sieges in military history. Your the ranks that the enemy had withdrawn. quota of service was 20,730 days; 6,445 of Nevertheless, wo moved up the beach by of fatigue in digging trenches, and build¬ the uncertain light of the moon and stars, t’1; ing forts and batteries, and 14,285 of and, when we entered the works, we military duty, guarding the trenches, found the rumor to be true. eto. As this was the record of a single May I ask what were the feelings of regiment, you have some data by which that body of 4.000 men when the pre- you may judge of the work done by the f,^m!?d«eertainty of faelne death was whole force, some 15,000 men during the lifted from their hearts ? What was active operations. You were in front of your feelings my comrades? Iwillboth that beleaguered city nearly a year, ask, and answer, the question; It was one never out of sound of the enemy’s guns, of profound thankfulness to Almighty and, most of the time, within reach of ”°d that the enemy had withdrawn, and their shot and shell. You were in the He had permitted us to win a bloodless trenches day and night; digging, guard¬ victory. I do not hesitate to say that I ing, fighting, frequently changing from was glad the enemy had gone, and with¬ the shovel to the rifle, and the reverse; out "standing upon the order of his on land during the day, and often on g?158rJ ^ was glad for your sakes and water during the night. glad for my own. I know we have a You vividly recall the Winter and class of soldiers, or pretended soldiers, Spring of 1864, from January to April, who differ with me; who will tell you, and the arduous service pertaining to it, had they been with us that eventful on land and water. The 104th furnished a morning, they would have been disap- heavy detail for “ Boat Infantry,” which pointed in not finding the enemy. Such was out every night prowling around the soldiers belong to the “ I’d as leave fight harbor of Charleston trying to Inter¬ as eat brigade, but are not the men who cept the enemy’s relief for Sumter, oc¬ fight the battles of their own, or any casionally scalling the battered walls of ojhe:r country. I consider our victory on that September morning a grander vic- r - [tory than if gained by shedding blood 'toldrop away at a single pull of the cord that I and bathing the .families of friends and holds it In place, stands prepared for the un¬ foe in tears, it was a moral victory and veiling. It Is filed and rubbed until it looks ! bespoke the power of the Union. as If its tons of bronze had been oast in one The closing of our great war, my com- piece. Tne spectators’stands, hung with the 1 rades, was as remarkable as its begin- flag of the Union and'^Ee'coTbfs of Phliadol-1 H | ning, and the operations that marked its piila in alternate festoons, are ready to re¬ i progress. It was emphasized by a meas- ceive the distinguished soldiers and civilians | ure of chivalry and generosity that had who will lake part In the patriotic cere- never been equaled, and cannot be sur- won y. | passed. It would be impossible to close a Militia of two States, United States regulars, j great war, especially a war like ours, in a veterans of the war and the young cadets of more telling way than marked the clos- the city are ready to parade. Bain or shine ! ing scene at Appomattox, when General they will march past the statue, the memory Grant gave back to the Confederate ofifl- of whose original is held by them In such high I cers the swords they had worn so worth- honor and deep affeclion. i ily, and allowed the cavalry to take home Given r half holiday, the children of the I their horses to put in a crop of corn. public schools will witness the parade, even These simple acts of generosity spoke Ilf they may not all see the unveiling. Alto¬ i more forciblyourkind feelings toward our gether, the celebration will be a fitting tribute j late enemy than could have been shown to the memory of Philadelphia’s superb sol¬ in any other way; and did more to restore dier, a credit lo the city Itscdf, a just acknowl¬ harmony between the sections than all edgment of the work of the men to whose the politicians have done, or attempted to efforts the erection of the statue Is due, and a do, from that time to the present. His¬ strong lesson In patriotism for all who may be tory furnishes no such remarkable trans¬ participants or spectators, ns well as for those forming of the sword into a pruning In every part of the Union who will hear or hook. It is to the honor and glory of our read of the memorable occasion. I country, that after the enemy had laid : down his arms, not a life was taken, not OFFICERS IN THE PARADE. I a drop of blood shed, no pains inflicted, i no penalties exacted. The Militia Division More than Five It is a gratifying reflection for you, my Thousand Strong. comrades, and a rich inheritance for your The following is announced as the list of children, that you bore such honorable officers of the First Division of the parade: partin the great events that led to the Ma|or General George R. Snowden, com¬ ] restoration of the Union of our fathers. manding the First and Third Brigades Na¬ tional Guard of Pennsylvania. Hisstaff: Lieuter.nnt Colonel G. H.Norlh, Assistant Adjutant General; I.ieutenant Col¬ onel \V. J. Elliott,Inspector; Lieutenant Col¬ onel C. S. Greene, Judge A-dvocate; Lieuten¬ ant Colonel U. F. Culiinan, Quartermaster; Lieutenant Colonel Austin Curtin, Com¬ missary of Subsistence; Lieutenant Colonel A. A. E. McCaudless. Surgeon-iu-Cnief; Lieu¬ tenant Colonel A. L. Wetherill, Ordnanre Officer; Lieutenant Colonel S. S. Hartranft, Inspector of Riffs Practice. Third Brigade. . Third Brigade, N. G. P., Brigadier General J. P. S. Got in commanding. Staff— Major M. A. Gherst, Assistant Ad¬ jutant General; Major J. R. Wright, Major H. P. Moyer, Major W. H. Egle, Major W. O. Coolbaugh, Major John G. Robb and Major John P. Aibro. Aides-de-Camp—Captain A. W. Schultz and Caplain E. W. Sedel. Eighth Regiment—Colonel F. J. Magee aojrnq commanding; Lieutenant Colonel T. F. Hoff¬ "A 'uq\\ ‘juodncx 'y a.. . man, Major Wallace Guss and Adjutant R. y jjoP1b.\v -tuAv -UOH •jqSj.rM S. Magee. PA isnojoo Mbjs.av, T T 'f,buo0 bu Aides-de-Camp—Major Barton D. Evans, jB 'A c '2^ 00H 'Q3pMo".,q -jj eSjoso lu.ta Major James A. G. Campbell, Major David 'isl '"Ttv ‘*1131**8 *f> -O Hua Lewis, Jr., Sergeant Major T. S. Martin; sl«qoxT n”r,± le.totoQ ‘Jauoj uqop zua Quartermaster Sergeant, C. B. Fuliaway; auaO uS "S uiAipjj 'nojj ‘tiusyp- Ordnance Sergeant, Robert Siberton; Color Ai -g uaqi.'jj Clause no Sergeant, C. Mitchell; Chief Musician, H. C. Nlllins. fflE iimrtettv“witt be"- X Thirteenth Regiment, N. G. P., Colonel Ezra H. Ripple, commanding; Lieutenant Colonel H. A. Coursen. Major C. C. Mattes and Adjutant W. S. Miller. UPWARDS OF 8000 MEN WILL MARCH ON Fourth It gitnent, N. G. P., Colonel D. Brsinard Case, commanding; Lieutenant BROAD STREET. Colonel C.T. O. Neice, Major John P. Earnest and Adjutant Edw. B. Eakman. Twelfth R-giment, Colonel James B. Cor¬ 1 The McClellan statue will be unveiled ibis yell, commanding; Lieutenant Colonel J. M. afternoon. The preparations that for weeks Caldwell, Major W. C. King and Adjutant F. have busied Major Veale and Colonel Ed¬ A. Snyder. wards and their assistants are at last com¬ Ninth Regiment, Colonel W. C. Price, eom- pleted. manding; Lieutenant Colonel C. B. Dough¬ Only the very small details mat must al¬ I erty, Major George Wallace, Jr., and Adju¬ ways be left to the last remain to be settled. tant J. S. Harding. The beautiful and massive statue itself First Brigade. covered only by the white cloth that Is ready First Brigade, Brigadier General John W. Police Regulations. Broad street, from Wharton to Norris gcha.ll, coinmandTrfg; Migo'r ThoinHS J. Stew- art Assistant Adjutant OeneMdf Majors f .G. streets, will be roped off and Kept clear foi the paruders. Colonel Edwards was In con- Sweeney B. R. Keirn, J. K. Weaver, J. W. O’Neill' Herbert Cox and Sheldon Potter. situation with Superintendent Linden and °££l» ghnent, N. O. P.. Colonel Wendell Captains Malin, Brown, Quirk, Edgar and p Bowman, commanding; Lien tenant Colo¬ Thompson, and was assured that every effor nel J. Lewis Good, Major C. T. ■Kensil and will be made by the police to preserve perfect erder. AThirdnKegimenL N°G. P„ Colonel El ward OTHER GENERAL ORDERS. Morrell Lautenant Colonel T. H. Maginms, Major L. W. Hall. Jr., and Adjutant W. D. Bulletins Issued to the Different Bodies That Will Take Part, PSecond Regiment, N. O. L Colonel John; Chief Marshal Richard S. Edwards, through Biddle Porler. commanding; Lieutenant Col¬ his Chief of Staff', Col. Charles H. Townsend; onel H. T. Dechert, Major Charles H. Wor- yesterday announced the appointment of th« mon and Adjutant A. H. Har.ung. following additional aides: Captain Joseplj Sixth Regiment, N. G. P,, Colonel F.M. Lapsley Wilson, M Jor C. S. Turnbull, Cap-j Washahiuigh, commanding; Lieutenant Col¬ Tain T. Jj. Vanderslice, Gen. B. F. Fisher, onel IX. A. Slienton, Major Jesse M. Bakei Clement R. Walnwright. and Adjutant S. Edward Clyde. To the bodies taking part in the Second Dl-i Battalion State Fencibles, Major Thurber T. vision of the parade the following genera: Brazsr, commanding, and J. F. Redtern.Ad- orders have been Issued by Col. A. R. GuntiJ Assistant Marshal, commanding the regular Invlnclbles, Captain Andrew F. Stev- army and navy voter ins: 4S8|xlFMiIm"ent, N. G. N efv Jersey. Colonel Tlio line of Veterans. Commanders will report in person (o Adju¬ U. H. Cooper, commanding. tant James B. Murphy at Durham Hall, Artillery Battalion—Battery C, Captain Seventeenth street, below South, with the John Denithorne; Batjfery A, Captain M. number of men in line, not later than 12.30 P. Stafford; Gatling Gun Battery B, Camden, M., ready lo march at 1 o’clock precisely, in N. J., Captain John R. Jones. order lo lake position, forming on the south Cavalry Squadron—Eiscx Troop, N. G.Isey Jersey, Captain Joseph K Fleming. J side of Wharton street,right resting on Broad street, facing north, in the following order: Governor’s Troop, N. G. I’., Captain F. Mi. 1. The Irish Volunteers, our Armed Escort, under Major P. C. B. O’Donovan. °FirstTrcor, Philadelplla, Captain E. Curd 2. The Color Guard, under Captain Ji Grubb. . The United States monitor Miantonoman Whalen. will turn out her blue jackets and marines, 3. Schofield Command, under H. A. Schil¬ ling. nearly 400 strong, to match at the head of the 4. McClellan Command, under C. F. Ku- column. | II eke. The Number of Men to be in Line. 5. Signal Corps, commanded by Lieutenant The out-of-town regiments will arrive durr • F. Hoppe. In" the morning, and will lunch as follows: Marching In plaloons of eights on Broad Bo-htli and Thirteenth regiments at the [ street. r First Regiment armory! Fourth and Ninth Salutes will be given at the reviewing stand ■ Regiments at the Third Regiment armory, only by assistant marshals, commanders of ! Twelfth Regiment at lie Second Regiment armed guards and those having immediate armory, the Giveirnor iTloop, with the Es-J commands. sex Troop of New Jersey, at the armo,y of Colors should he dipped six paces from the the City Troop, and tlje Sixth Regiment atj reviewing office:s and recovered when six fcho armory of the SlatcFcucibles. paces past. The following named comrades have beenj appointed aides: Colonel Daniel Coleman,! Captains A. M. Ehrslinc and Louis A.Buohy, Lieutenant S. C. Berger. Parade Notes. - "The Naval Veteran Legion, it is annonneed by Commodore John H. Do Barry, its com¬ mander, will not form part of the parade, a ballot taken among the members having re¬ sulted in such determination. Many of the men belonging to the Legion are also mem¬ bers of the G. A. XI., and will turn out with the posts to which they belong. The Pennsylvania Reserve Association will form at ils headquarters. Broad street, above Vine.ntnoon. Reserve Post, 191. G. AR., will n’.soform at the same place and time, and the two bodies will march together. A handsome wreath of ivy, three feet in diameter, bound with red, white and bluej ribbons, teas sent to the headquarters of the Reserve Association, North Penn Square, yesterdav. by Relief Council, Daughters of Liberty, No. 1°, Philadelphia, and will bej jplaced on the yedest.nl of the statue. \ PREPARATIONS AROUND THE STATUE. ! The Third Brigade, COO0 strong; the First, One Stand for the Review and Three 2400 strong; the New Jersey regiments witt [. Others for Spectators of the Ceremony, j 700 more, and 2500 Grand Army veterans, is The guests from Washlngfon will be met on: the estimate of ihe number ot men that wit their arrival at Broad Street Station, and es¬ parade, exclusive of the Girard College Ca¬ corted to the Stratford for lunch. At 1 dets and the half dozen smaller organ!- o’clock, escorted by the First City Troop, they allons that will make up the Third Division. Will proceed to the stand nearest the statue. i At half-past 1 o’clock. Major Moses Vc-ale years inTTie University of Pehn sylvan la—If I) 42—where he shared the honors of Ms class will call the assemblage to order, and the pro¬ gramme ns printed in yesterday’s Ledger In 1846 he graduated from West Point as Sec¬ ond Lieutenant of Engineers, and a: will be carried out. such serve! In (ho Mexican War, The ceremonies over, the officers will move securing promotion, however, for gal¬ to the reviewing stand, lacing wes', some lant and merllerlous conduct at Con- rods to the south, of the statue, and will re¬ treray and Cherebuseo. Between tliii view the parade from that position. time and tlie breaking out cf tlie Civil War \ For Seating the Spectators, Captain McCloMan was on engineer duly r'-w'hree large stands, with seating room for in the West, was sent to Europe as a memb.u several ttiousa nd people, have been erected. of the Military Commission, resigned the ser¬ 'A large one Is built behind and on botli sides vice in 1857, and when Fort Sumter fell wa: | of the statue, with chairs in tiers for the mili¬ President of the Eastern Division of theOhk tary men and high officials, who will be pre¬ and Mississippi Railroad. In April, 1861, sent, A second one, considerably smaller, McClellan ottered his services to the Govern¬ [with board benches, overlooks the first stand ment, and was appointed Major General o from the rear, and, with the third stand, Ohio Volunteers. His opcrullons In WfS’ .which is level amt siimted on the northern |Virsdn!a wero so brilliantly successful tha 'edge of the City Hall p'.azn, extending west (after the disastrous battle of Bull Run lie wa: from the .Reynolds statue, is intended for placed in command of tlie Army of tlie Po¬ other persons holding Invitations, members tomac and Ihen of all the armies of tht of the association and prominent citizens. {United States, to the great satisfaction of the Invitallons have been issued to enough per¬ whole country, which looked upon him a: sons to crowd all the stands to overflowing. the greatest military genius within Its bor¬ The reviewing stand, on the western edge of ders. the plazi, lias a capacity cf from 59 to 60 per¬ The new commander, however, had an al- sons. [most superhuman task before him in his en¬ To Keep Hie Square Clear. larged sphere. Tlie forces at Washington The northwestern part of the City Hall were dispirited, raw and frightened to a large square—Shat is, tlie part between tlie western (extent. McClellan had to bring order out of side of the northern entrance and the northern |chao=, to create an army and defend the city. 6ideofthe western entrance—will be fenced off His enforced delny was looked on with sus¬ and the police will keep it and the street on picion by the Government, and Secretary .■which it faces clear of everybody who has not Stanton in constantly urginga forward move¬ part in the unveiling or the parade. ment greatly embarrassed General McClellan. A box directly in tlie rear of the pedestal Is The plans of the campaign, loo, were the reserved for the speakers, while another, east cause of decided differences between the of It. is set aside lor the use of the McClellan General and the Secretary of War. Then family. came the Peninsula campaign, with tlie ad¬ Mr.-. G. B. McClellan and Miss Clarke reg¬ vance on Richmond, the battle of Fair Oaks, istered yesterday at the Lafayette. Gaines’s Mill and the great battle of Malvern Hill, where L=e was defeated, and the confu¬ AN IMPOSING WORK OF ART. sion and disorder in (he Confederate ranks The Sculptor was Henry J. Ellicott, and wore so great that Richnioud could have been It was Cast in Chicopee, Massachusetts. captured without delay had the Union forces The. McClellan Monument has cost about been in condition to advance. f25,C00, including (tie pedestal. The statue is •In the meantime. General McClellan had of heroic size, and measures 23 feet 6 Inches lost the confidence of 1 lie President and his from the pavement to the top of (he General’s 8dvisers, and his request for more troops was fatigue cap. It is of United States tested notlisened to. Hew is ordered to evacuate (lbronze, and represents the General infield the Peninsula, a nil was relieved of command ■uniform overlooking the battlefield of An- until after the Second Bull Run, when Pope .tletam, when tie checked Lee’s Army of resigned the command of the Army of Vir¬ Northern Virginia when it crossed Into Mary¬ ginia, and, in the emergency, the Govern¬ land on its way to invade Pennsylvania, ment looked to McClellan as the only man The pedestal of tlie monument Is of gray who could inspire confidence and restore or¬ Quincy granite, with polished panels, while der. When the soldiers knew that “Lillie 1 he rest of t.lic store is rr:iicli dressed Tha Mac’’ was again in command, their joy and ornamentations are bronze wreaths and fes¬ renewed hope were unbounded. Flushed toons, and the cost of the pedestal has been with his recent victories. Lee was marching 35000. Ttie large sum needed to complete the into Maryland, and McClellan had to cover work has been raised by popular subscrip¬ Washington aud at the same time stop the tion, and it is essentially a tribute of the rebel invasion. Antietam was the great bat¬ (people. The task of securing the required tleground of this movement, and, while It 1325,000 and of erecting the monument has has been often called a drawn battle, tho (been earrted out by the McClellan Monument forcing back of the Confederate line and the Association of Pennsylvania. retreat of Lee back aero s the Potomac stamp I Mr. Henry J. Ellicott, of Washington, D. Antietam as a decided success. .. |C., is the sculptor, and the statue was cast Had General McClelland attacked the Con¬ from his plaster model in a bronze foundry at federate forces with all the power at Ills dis¬ Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts. posal, instead of sending his forces in de¬ tached attacks, and h id he followed Lee hard, THE HERO OF ANTtETAM. It is claimed that Lee and his army could I have been crushed. Still General McClellan | A Sketch of tlie Soldier Who Was Proud o Philadelphia as His Birthplace. used up, and he did what was best in his General George Biinton McClellan,or “Lit Judgment. Soon after he was relieved of hi. tie Mac.’’ as lie was affectionately called b; command, which was conferred on Burnside, t his soldiers, was a Philadelphian, and hi": General McClellan, though set aside by tilt father, Dr. G orge McClellan, was one of tin Government, never lost, his hold upon tin founders of Jefferson Medical College, ant people. The army idolized him, and lib one of the most eminent, physicians in Phila popularity followed him. The most substnn- delphia’s distinguished medical history. Hi ‘tial proof of ids populariiy was his nomina¬ mother before her marriage was Miss Eliza tion, at Chicago, as the Democratic candldati belli Brinton.of the well-known Philadeiphi; for the Presidency in-1864. Although the timi family of that name. The future soldier wa was ill chosen, General McClellan receive) born December 3. 18:6, and was educated ii 1,800,003 against 2,200,000 in the popula. this city by private tutors. He spent lw< vote. For ihe first decade after me wnr nnd dur The Stresent Officer*, ‘ Ing the conflict GenernlMc-C'lellan was aevero ly crltlclsod nnd vigorously assailed for ovo ' The officers of the Assoclatlonatpresentare: cautiousness, alleged hesitancy nnd failure t< President, General W. F. Smith; Vice Presi¬ grasp the opportunities which Ills euemj dent, Charles W. Lautenback; Secretary, placed In his way. With later years Ills repn-1 Captain W. W. Frazier; Treasurer, Governor tstion has been cleared to a large extent o Robert E. Pattison; Second Vice President, blame for resulls which were often beyonc Colonel O. E. MoCtelland. his control, and lie is now given his dcservec Dlreotors—Major Moses Veale, 15. 9, Wap*. place among the great, leaders of the war, nee. M. ..D-. Michael Mctfeevef- .Tehft fit Turner, R. Martin Ulmer, Thomas Carey, His personal magnetism was unparalleled in military history, exc pt in that of the firsj Jacob G. Fcnnlmore, Colonel R. S. Edwards, Napoleon ; he was literally the Idol of his offl-j Colonel Rollln H. Wilbur. cersandmen. They would obey him whet; Honorary Vice Presidents—General Louis all other control failed. As a student of mili¬ Wagner. Charles Emory Smith, Alex. Mc¬ tary history he had no superior in his sys¬ Clure, Harrington Fllzgerald, Dr. Win. Pep¬ tematic knowledge of war, battles and tactics. per. Wm. Platt Pepper, Wm. Sellers, Dr. He was a man of irreproachable charaoler, s Francis W. Lewis. I. R. Wood, Hon. Cralt model Christian gentleman in every situation Biddle, Hon. Cbauticey F. Black, Wm. F of life. Stewart, Colonel J. P. Nicholson, Samuel L Until his death at Orange, N. J., in 1881, Perkins, A. .T. Cassatt, Major RobLB. Cruise! General McClellan lived an active life. He[ was Eng!neer-ln-Chief of the Department ol Docks iti New York In 1872. was elected Gov¬ ernor of New Jersey In 1877, and in 1881 was appointed by Congressa me viberof the Board of Managers of the National Home for Dis¬ abled Soldiers. He declined many tempting business offers and Invitations from colleges to accept their Pivs deucy. General McC ellan made several tours In Europe, visiting the East, and writing many magazine articles and military papers. Phys¬ ically he was about 5 feet 8 inches In height, finely built, with broad shoulders. He was very solid and muscular, and an excellent horse¬ man. Modestand retiring, he had withal a great self respect, a gracious dignity. In the hearts of his men and of the old soldiers liv¬ ing to-day, no leader of the war has held a warmer place. _ M’CLELLAN MONUMENT ASSOCIATION. j The Brief Story of ils Perseverance and Final Success. The history ot the McClellan Monument Association is one of reverses conquered, and of discouragements and lack of enthusiasm that woro finally overcome. On the day after the death of General McClellan, in October, 1£83, Mayor William B. Smith called a meet¬ J ing in his office to take action upon a fitting memorial. Addresses were made by Major General George R. Snowden, Colonel A. London Snowden, Mr. John B. Nicholson, and Major Moses Veale. A committee of fif¬ teen prominent cit zens was appointed to at¬ tend the funeral, and some time after the ob¬ sequies a second meeting was held, resulting In the organization of a Citizens’ Committee, which had for its object the raising of funds for a monument. The First Effort. John B. Nicholson was President, Major GEN. GEORGE B. M’CLELLAN IN 1864. Veale First Vice President and Dennis F. Dealy, Secretary. " "i Itseffoits were not continued long, for it was determined that if the money could not; be raised in a short time, It could not be Ifi PI0RY Of raised at all. Meanwhile the various clubs nnd military bodies in the clly had handed tegether in A DEAD HERO what was called the McClellan Monument Association. The funds that had been raised by the Citizens’ Committee were passed over to the Association, and the former body went AN EQUESTRIAN STATUE TO GENERAL out of existence. The association was reorganized, Governor M’CLELLAN UNVEILED. Pattison being elected Treasurer, General William Forrest Smith President, Captain W. W. Frazier Secretary, and Major Veale and; Dr. Ellwood Beatty Warner President and HONORED BY VETERAN WARRIORS Secretary of the Board of Directors. Under this management, wilh Major Veale! Imposing Ceremonies Mark the Unveiling acting as Treasurer, all the money for the pedestal and statue was raised. of a Heroic JBronze Statue of the Great Pennsylvania Soldier—His Widow and Other Members of His Family Witness the Event Along With Many of Bin Old Comrades and Distinguished Men From All Over the Country—Militiamen Join Army and Navy Veterans in Parade. Another has been added to the listof monu¬ ments to Pennsylvania’s heroic sons, and Philadelphia is to-day richer in art treasure hecause of the unveiling yesterday of the handsome equestrian statueof General George Brinton McClellan at the northwest corner of the City Hall plaza. Even the heavy rain-storm could not dampen the patriotism of the thousands who bad gathered to help do honor to the mem¬ ory of the distinguished soldier who carved a place for himself in the history of his coun¬ try by creating the great Army of the Po¬ tomac and giving it an organization and dis¬ cipline which made it the greatest of all the armies of the recent civil war. For years the GENERAL W. F. SMITH. McClellan Monument Association of Phila¬ delphia has labored under many adverse cir¬ jof the great station of the Pennsylvania R til- cumstances to secure the monument, and jroad were crowded clear to the top story yesterday, when the down-pour promised while the entrances were so blocked that to spoil the imposing ceremonies planned > [travelers were compelled to invoke the aid of toe police and the railroad employes in ^ain- to attend the unveiling, there was deep ing an entrance. and hitter disappointment. Thousands of The event was doubly celebrated, for the eyes were turned heavenward, and after a unveiling, with ail of its attendant cere- time disappointment gave way to feelings of monies. was followed by a grand parade, in joy when a rift appeared in the clouds aud which 10.000 persons made up the line. Over |the downpour ceased. Halting veterans, two-thirds of Pennsylvania’s citizen soldiers hearing tattered flags, hastened to the ren¬ were on the march, and they were joined by dezvous of their organizations. School chil¬ the various semi-military organizations of dren, to whom the civil strife is merely a the city and State aud by National Guards¬ men from New Jersey. 'matter of history, flocked to points from which they could obtain views of the parade DISTINGUISHED VISITORS ON THE STAND. which, to them,was the all-important feature The unveiling ceremonies came first, and of the day, and everyone else interested in though they were delayed for over an hour, the event began to move. they were entirely successful. Entrance to NOT TERRIFIED BY THE RAIN. the stand was gained through the northwest Never in the history of such events in this corridor of the City Hall, and about 2 city has there been such an outpouring of o clock those to whom cards had been issued people. They came from all over the coun¬ began to take their places. Soon Mrs. Mc¬ try. Pennsylvania was represented in very Clellan and her party appeared and took pos¬ large numbers, and it seemed that all Phila¬ session of the space reserved for them, while delphia had turned out. It was almost a I the other occupants of the stand watched holiday in this city. Business houses were them with an interest second only to that practically deserted and the schools were with which they regarded the big covered closed during the afternoon. The sidewalks statue near by. Mrs. McClellan’s party in- and the windows of houses along the line of the parade were crowded to their fullest ca¬ pacity. while around the City Hall, especially within sight of the cloth-covered statue of bronze, people were packed so closely that there was scarcely room for any more. For a long time the stands and platforms which had ! been erected for the accommodation of the active participants in the ceremonies, the family of the dead hero and the distinguished visitors were vacant, but when the clouds broke they began to receive their full share of visitors, and soon there, too, there was little room to spare. In front of the statue there had been erected a stand for the band which at in¬ tervals during the ceremonies rendered pa- I triotic music which set the crowd, wet and 'uncomfortable though it was, to cheering. In the rear was the speakers’ stand, to one side of it a space reserved for the widow of the dead soldier whose memory it was intended to honor and all around were chairs for the use of the visitors from a distance and those whom the monument association had invited GEN. GEORGE B. M’CLELLAN. to witness the consummation of the object for Governor of New Jersey. iwhich it has worked so long. The windows speakers were received, the frequent Ill bursts of applause and tho close attention given to what was said. An ode, written by Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, and read by his son, II DEAD |IEHO, Langdon C. Mitchell, was particularly well received. After the speech-making the crowds lingered to hear St. Mark’s Choir and the Orpheus Singing Society sing an ode Continued from First Page. written for the occasion by T. H. Graham and set to music by Chalia D. de H. Graham, and then sought places from which to view eluded Colonel G. B. McClellan. President of the grand parade, which was soon under the Board of Aldermen of New York city wav. Major Veale and his party, augmented and son of General McClellan ; Mr. and Mrs. O E. McClellan, the Misses McClellan. Mrs. by the staffs of the several Governors, ad¬ H B McClellan, Miss Mary P. McClellan, journed to the reviewing stand on the west Colonel Arthur McClellan, Mr. and Mrs. side of the City Hall. Mrs. McClellan and her party were given scats in the stand John M. McClellan and Dr. McClellan. Colonel McClellan wore the uniform of his which the band had vacated. military rank. For a half hour longer prom¬ inent people continued to arrive^ and then THE STATUE ILNVEILED. Major Moses Veale, whose devotion to Mc¬ Clellan’s memory and whose whole-souled Its Appearance Greeted "With. Cheers efforts secured the money for the monument, and the Roar of Cannon. appeared, accompanied by those who were to take part in the ceremonies and who were, In taking his place as the presiding officer, next to the dead hero’s family, the guests of for which position Major Veale had an¬ honor. In this party were : nounced his selection, General William Far¬ Governor Pattison, of Pennsylvania; Gov¬ rar Smith, president of the McClellan Monu- ernor George T. Werts, of New Jersey ; Gov¬ ernor R. J. Reynolds, of Delaware; Governor linent Association, made a short speech in McCorkle, of W est Virginia; Governor Fish- which he touched on a line of argument back, of Arkansas ; Major General Schofield, which General McClellan’s friends have al-j Commander-in-Chief of the United States Army; General Thomas H. Ruger, Adjutant ways advanced in replying to attacks on his General United States Army; General D. W. method of conducting the campaigns in which Flagler, Chief of the United States Ordnanoe Department; Rear Admiral Meade, com¬ he led. General Smith, in his address, said : ' manding the North Atlantic Squadron ; Rear “We are assembled here to-day to take Admiral- Calhoun, Eugineer-in-Chief of the part in the ceremonies attending the unveil¬ Navy Melville, Major General Wesley Mer¬ ritt, commanding the Department of Dakota ing of a statue to commemorate the charac¬ and the Northwest; Rear Admiral Irvin and ter and services of Major General George Commodore Edward E. Potter. Brinton McClellan, once general-in-chief of j Nearly all of the most prominent men of the armies of the United States and the first J Philadelphia, including members of the City commander of the Army of the Potomac. Councils, the Judges of the local and Federal courts, city officials, men who stand high in business and professional life, together with h i many ladies, also occupied seats on the plat¬ form. THE STATUE STANDS REVEALED. The appearance of Major Veale and his party was the signal for long and loud ap¬ plause. During the next few minutes Mrs. McClellan and the members of her party held '■ '$ an informal reception. The visitors, especially those who had seen service in the civil war,» were anxious to greet her. As the men who had known her husband shook her by the hand tears sprang into her eyes, and from that time until the ceremonies were ended , she had difficulty in concealing her emotion, j After going through with the formality of calling the assemblage to order Major Veale introduced General William Farrar Smith as the presiding officer and the long-looked-for event was soon a thing of the past. Bev. Dr. McCook, chaplain of the Military Order off the Loyal Legion, made a fervent prayer MAJOR MOSES VEALE. while the assemblage stood with bowed heads. The delay caused by the rain compelled the “He was a sincere patriot, a skilful gen¬ speakers to cut their remarks short, but eral and a steadfast friend. everything passed off nicely. WThen the, “This counterfeit presentment has been heroic statue was unveiled and stood forth in raised by the free-will offerings of those who all its beauty a cheer long and loud went up, loved and honored the man; from the mite’ and it was echoed by those who were too far of the scarred veteran to the larger gifts of away to see the veil fall. Then a detail from j others who appreciated him this bronze has Battery A fired a major general’s salnte of grown from pedestal to crown. seventeen guns, and the crowd ren’ewed the “The governmeut had uot lent its helping cheering. hand to honor McClellan, for it has forgotten That the event was a popular one was that he created the Army of the Potomac. shown by the way in which the various “ He found it as ore at the furnace, and he wrought of it a piece of perfect steel so finely TiStepered that.' though battered by defeat of the Potomac would have been successful through no inherent cause, it always had in the campaign of 1862 and Richmond would strength to-resist, and give a blow. have fallen. The result of such a campaign I That army, which repulsed two formida¬ would have brought McClellan to the front of ble invasions, finally followed its great the heroes of the war. the position in which (rival, the army of Northern Virginia under j he ought to have stood. His successful cam¬ andhfoived t“dier ”intil k was brol,"ht to bay paigns in West Virginia and Maryland, where (and lotted to lay down its arms, giving to us a blessed peace with honor.” he was allowed to depend upon his own niili- ,tary knowledge, ability and skill, combined . ben he had finished, the actual unveil- with his intense patriotism and extreme un¬ ing was done. Several men were kept busy selfishness, showed that he possessed all the lor a few minutes lor the cords and eoverin- requisites of a great goneral, and his con¬ were so wet that they stuck. But they were sistent Christian character showed that he. on cut away and as the whito covering fell was a noble Christian soldier.” to the ground there_was a mighty cheer, which was deadened only by the roar of can¬ non as the members of Battery A fired the PRAISED BY THE GOVERNOR. major general s salute of seventeen guns. The Statue to be as a Desson to tbe McClellan as a soldier. Comlug Generations. “Pennsylvania’s favorite Governor,” as General Franklin Points Out the Rea¬ General Smith called Governor Pattison sons for Erecting: a Monument. when introducing him to the people, was When the firing of the salute, the wild greeted with an outburst of applause when cheering of the multitude and the last his stalwart form appeared before the speak¬ strains of "The Star Spangled Banner ” had ers’ stand. He stood before tbe multitude a died away General Smith introduced General moment waiting for quiet, and then, in a William B. Franklin as another of Pennsyl¬ voice which reached far beyond the great vania's famous soldiers and a man who, from platform, he told of the deeds of Pennsyl¬ his intimate personal relations with General vania’s distinguished sons, laying particular McClellan, was well-fitted to deliver the ora- stress on the work of him whose memory tion of the clay. they had assembled to honor. During the General Franklin’s address, as prepared course of his speech he said: lor the occasion, was a masterpiece of biogra¬ "The sentiments by the presence of the phy, but the lateness of the hour and the distinguished guests of this great concourse still threatening condition of the weather of people, by this military demonstration, compelled him to leave out what be termed are all worthy of our highest commendation. a sketch of his deeds in connection with the " It would, indeed, for me, be out of place war, upon which, after all, must be deter- to attempt, in the presence of General Frank¬ tho Justice of rendering to him this lin, a review of the life and character of „reat honor by his fellow-citizens.” General Creorgo B. McClellan. You might st.^“”1al Franklin, looking toward the as well ask the stranger for the character of S ,r™'.ur[veile<1 but a moment before, said ■ trwiki Iarf® ?rowd of people is assembled (General Grant in the presence of Sheridan el* ne “emory of General George and Sherman, or of Washington in the pres¬ McClellan, one of the most distin¬ ence of Green or of Hamilton, or of Na¬ guished sons of Pennsylvania. poleon in the presence of Messina and of his Of -3o'dfuy hiS t,akes its I>lace with those marshals. These men were associated with alreX nher “ft so'diers ot Pennsylvania, their distinguished countrymen in the hour already honored by the State of their birth of peril. |«nd adoption, one of whom fell in_battle on “I am simply here to-day to voice the the bloody field of Gettysburg, bravely lead¬ great State of Pennsylvania. I speak of ing his troops into action, and the other won General McClellan as one of a younger gener¬ the immortal victory of that same field, a ation. I knew him after his history had been victory which convinced the most doubtiug made ; and so, here beneath the shadow of that whatever might be the emergency to this magnificent municipal building, tbe city which the Army of the Potomac was sub¬ of his birth. I come to express sentiments of jected, that army, the result of the genius regard for the services rendered by General skill and untiring energy of McClellan, would George B. MgClellan. So. as we assemble to in the end triumph over all enemies and lilt, unveil this monument, we cannot fail to re¬ as it did, the country out of a sea of trouble. ’ mind the present, generation that it is to ‘Although McClellan, young as he was at speak of the dead. Througli all the storms the beginning of the war, had already of winter, and througli all the burning heat achieved a military reputation in the army of summer, it is to speak of oile who was unequaled liy any of his years then living, moved by loyalty, patriotism and love of i and was already known as an engineer of dis¬ ,country. As future generations shall pass in tinction. his fame is due to the war and to his the great processions along these streets, they actions in it.” will ever turn to this rigid figure, and taking After announcing that he would forego the this view, will have a well-directed outlook Pleasure of reviewing General McClellan’s and path to the prosperity of our country.” record as a soldier, General Franklin con¬ tinued : PRESENTED TO THE CITY. “ I believe that if McClellan had been sus¬ tained in the winter of 1861-62 by his supe- Mayor Stuart Accepts tbe Gift and nors if his hands had been held up by pow- eiful lriends, if he had been allowed to dis¬ Hopes There May be More. pose o! the troops of his own army when and Acting with a view to allowing the assem¬ 2S hTth1°“-bt,be.st, if his army had not been blage to find more comfortable places, Major depleted by the detachment from it of fifty Moses Veale, to whose efforts the completion thousand men before he had struck a blow', if, in a few words, he had been allowed to of the handsome statue is mainly due, cut carry out his well-conceived plans, the Army short his remarks in presenting the monu¬ ment to tho city. Ke had prepared a speech jin which his love and respect for the man on Uvhose staff he served during the war ap- Hands have worked for the completion of this memorial to our loved Commander, and now '• to you. Mr. Mayor, as the chosen official head ' of this great City of Brotherly Love, in whoso keeping and care are so many memorials of great deeds and great men. I, in the name of the McClellan Memorial Association, deliver to you this monument!j.vhieh we fondly hope will not be the least of the city’s treasured memories.” Mayor Edwin S. Stuart, in accepting the monument for the city of Philadelphia, ex¬ pressed the hope that counterfeit present¬ ments of many more men famous in the annals of history may soon surround the great City Hall. In his speech he said: "On behalf of the city of Philadelphia I accept from the hands of the McClellan Monu¬ ment, Association, this statue of Major Gen¬ eral George B. McClellan. Thatinthis, thecity of bis birth, there should be erected a monu¬ ment to the commander of the great Army of the Potomac is particularly appropriate. It was here that he received his early school education ; it was from this city that he was appointed to West Point, and it was here his GEN. WILLIAM E. FRANKLIN. ancestors lived, his father being a thoroughly representative citizen of Philadelphia. peared in well-rounded “sentences of praise, “ Next to properly taking care, throughout but he contented himself with saying: the remaining years of their lives, of the sur¬ “ Loving minds have earnestly thought and : viving active participants in the suppression nlanned, loving hearts have beat and loving | of the rebellion who are, by reason of disa- biUEy from wounds, disease or advancing I Reserves and the McClellan Post. G. A. R., years, unable to provide for themselves, there were more boisterous and stopped in their is nothing that should appeal to the patriotic sentiment of a people more than memorials j march to wave their hats and cheer. such as this. They should be erected and The parade was formed in three divisions, the first of which was formed of United States I marines and sailors from the ironclad moni¬ tor Miantonomah and from the naval station jat League Island ; the Third and First Bri- jgades of the National Guard of Pennsyl¬ vania; tlie Sixth Regiment, First Troop, and Gatling Gun Battery B, of the National Guard of New Jersey. The second division was formed of thq members of the Grand Army of the Repub¬ lic, Union Veteran Legion, brigade and regi¬ mental organizations, regular army and navy veterans, Naval Veteran Legion and the Sons of Veterans. The third division comprised the'commis¬ sioned officers of the Pennsylvania Military College, the Girard College Cadets. Stetson's Union Mission Cadets. St. Joseph's College Cadets, the Keystone Rifles, tlie Hibernia Rifles and Boys’ Brigade, Seventeenth Com¬ pany. MILITIAMEN IN LINE. When the line began its march from Broad and Tasker streets it made a very fine ap¬ pearance, despite the fact that tlie men had, imany of them, como from distant places and erations may understand and appreciate what had been tramping about the city in the rain. a great debt of gratitude they owe to the men Following a platoon of mounted policemen who, at the country’s call in its hour of dan¬ rode Chief Marshal Edwards and his staff, ger. risked their lives, imperiled their health composed of Colonel C. H. Townsend, William and very often sacrificed their future in de¬ S. Ellis, Edward Biddle. Colonel T. E.Wiedcr- fending the flag of our couutry and securing the preservation of the Republic. During sheim, Henry R. Hatfield. Dr. William B. the entire period of the civil war no State in Hopkins. Francis E. Bond. C. Davis English, the Union furnished braver or more patriotic E. Gaw Flanigen. John W. Geary. Colonel soldiers than Pennsylvania, and no city in John I. Rogers. William H. Doyle, Fred Neil- the country has a better record lor services son. Owen Wister. Pierre Cambios, David S. rendered or for nobler sons, many of whom B. Chew, Boies Penrose. Robert Neilson. Linn fell in the heat of the conflict, than this great Hartranft, Colonel James C. Biddle. Charles American city of Philadelphia. It seems to T. Cresswell. Captain J. U. Crawford, Gene¬ me most appropriate that there should be ral B. Franklin Fisher and Clement B. Wain- erected at the various entrances of this build¬ wrigbt. ing monuments to these men, our illustrious Major General Snowden and the members dead. of his staff headed the first division, which “ We have now memorials to Reynolds and was made up of the militia, the local com¬ McClellan, and I do not believe that the work mands giving precedence to the visiting will he complete until the people of Philadel¬ Third Brigade and heing followed by the phia have placed around this building like New Jersey organizations. The military col¬ memorials to Meade, Hancock. Hartranft, Mc¬ umn was made up of 400 marines and sailors, Call, McCandless, Geary, Crawford and also to 2,000 men of the Third Brigade, National the great and patriotic War Governor, Andrew Guard of Pennsylvania; 2.400 men of the G. Curtin, in order that there may be ever First Brigade and 700 New Jersey troops. ] present and before us the name and fame of The City Troop was detached from the tlie patriots to whom we are indebted for the marching column and assigned to escort duty, blessings of constitutional liberty, which, by for which purpose it reported in front of the reason of their sacrifices, their bravery and Stratford Hotel at 1 o'clock. devotion to their country, we continue to The crowd watched the Third Brigade enjoy.” men andgave them a large share of applause. They wcjte also very generous to the crack THE MILITARY DEMONSTRATION. commands of the New Jersey force, but when the local commands began to pass they broke Over Ten Thousand Men March in loose and continuous cheering ^marked the Honor of McClellan, march of the Philadelphia troops. j Almost on schedule time the parade began CHEERS FOR PENNSYLVANIA’S VETERANS. jto pass the reviewing stand, and for over two The second division of the parade was a 'I hours the occupants of the staud were kept most interesting feature of it, composed as it Ibusy answering the salutes of the various or¬ was of the survivors of several of the famous ganizations. All along the line the marching regiments raised and equipped by the State men were greeted boisterously, and many a of Pennsylvania during the war and sent into 1 battle-scarred veteran was compelled to ac¬ action. knowledge the greetings of the spectators The column of war veterans was the first I who seemed particularly anxious to do honor that has appeared on the streets of this city to the men who fought to save the Union. ! in a continuous procession since the funeral of General Meade, and they were greeted The statue was looked upon by the veter¬ with cheers long and loud. There were ans with feelings which inspired them to pass thirty-six Grand Army Posts represented, but it with bared head. But the Pennsylvania the survivors appeared in line in the form of the organizations in which they fought in the war. . irst in the line came fhe old Philadelphia Brigade, composed of the Sixty-ninth Kesri- intended to read it. but who has not yet ruent, commanded in the war by the late reached home from Europe: General Joshua T. Owen : the Seventy-first When great commanders pass from life Regiment, known as Baxter’s California away, Regiment; Baxter’s Fire Zouaves, made up What monument Is needed ? Bronze or clay, of members of the old Veteran Fire Depart¬ The richest gold or whitest marble can ment, and the One Hundred and Sixth Regi¬ But give the outward, perishable man ; The vesture and the form, the face, the mien. ment. Pennsylvania Volunteers. When these are vanished from their earthly Following the Philadelphia Brigade came scene; the survivors of the Twenty-sixth Regiment, Butwho, what hand of power, what mightier the Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Cameron art, Dragoons, the Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry, Shall keep the dead man’s name withlnvour Rush’s Lancers, the Pennsylvania Reserves, heart? Make you remember him who long is laid the Seventy-third. Eighty-second, Eighty- With the great armies of the unhonored dead? eighth, Ninetieth, Ninety-fifth and Eighty- What art shall keep his memory fresh for-5 first Regiments. All these regiments were ever, noted in the Southern strife and won laurels And speak of him in tones that peiish never? in the cause. In addition to them the naval Nor art nor artist can—such powers inhere veterans came in for a share of the popular Only in noble deeds, that speak out loud and interest in the scarred heroes of the rebellion. clear: MANY ORGANIZATIONS ON PARADE. These live forever; and we need not raise Statues to them; great deeds are their own The Third Division formed at Broad and praise. Carpenter streets and fell into line with Son of this city, Pennsylvanian, Colonel Joseph R. C. Ward, commanding, Of a vast host, great captain and true man. with the following staff: Colonel John A. Beloved by all his men, Arm, temperate, true Wiedersheim, chief of staff. Aides, Captain , To his own conscience, and the best he knew, Such deeds were his—McClellan’s ! aud he Caleb B. Kimber, Thomas Voight, Dr. George needs F. Root, James B. Bydeheard, William Gil- No fame on earth more than his own bright ligan, James Simmington, Thomas E. Payne, deeds. Joseph S. Binns, Patrick O’Brien, D. P. E. Yet, though he need it not, do we, who still Loder, James B. McDevitt and N. M. Smith. Survive in peace that he made possible? The line was headed by the ten commis¬ Do we not need such monument ot fame ? sioned officers of the Pennsylvania Military Or do we ill to honor his great name? College at Chester, Lieutenant George McK. Williamson commanding. The Girard Col¬ Never will Peace on earth so calmly reign That memories of war will be in vain. lege Cadets, with their ovvn band, came next, | If we would live in commerce, and increase, attracting much attention by their military i If we would multiply the arts of Peace, bearing. They had six companies of seventy If we would make this blessed and favored boys each, under command of Lieutenant E. soil C. Brooks, U. S. A. The home notonlv of the hands that toil, The rest of the division was made up as But of the brains that think, the hearts that love; follows: If towards a nobler Life wa'still would move ; St. Joseph’s College Cadets, 200 men, Major! If in corruption and >n civic brawl R. P. Schellinger commanding. We would not sink, and In base ruin fall; Keystone Rifles, 80 men. Captain T. R. H still we hope our Land and Nation may Callahan commanding. Create from her past days a new and better Hibernian Rifles. 50 men, Captain Patrick day ; -If we indeed dare hope that on this spot. Brady commanding. A hundred years from hence, when we’re One company Third Regiment N. G. P. forgot, Cadets, commanded by Lieutenant Arthur: Over our children’s jthlldren still may wave Littler, Company C, Third Regiment, and The banner that their fathers fought to save preceded by the Eddington Boys’ Brass Band, The same bright banner, their loved emblem of Eddington. be First Battalion Boys’ Brigade, 130 men in j To tell the earth: Here men are free ! -If such our hope—the way is clear and four companies, with two bands of music, | bright ! Captain Edward Carlin commanding. Our stars of memory must not set in night! Seventeenth Company Kensington Metho¬ Each heaven-aspiring action, every name dist Episcopal Church, sixty men, Captain E. Of pure renown, must have its meed of fame. Carlin commanding. And those who fought and toiled for us that Two companies Fifth Baptist Church, sev¬ we Might live in honor—they must honored be ! enty men. Great nations cherish greatly their dear dead ; Bethany Battalion Boys’ Brigade, eighty And when the great, the wise, the good are men. Captain R. S. Murphy commanding. fled, Guard of Honor Cadets, Stetson’s Union Their memory is their nation’s daily bread. Mission, Fourth street and Columbia avenue, Heroic boys fed on such stuff will share one hundred and forty men. Major William Their father’s fire, and will as greatly dare. Hence, here beneath the open heaven met, C. Rowland commanding. Our meeting means that we would not forget. Guard of Honor, Fairhiil Methodist Epis-1 But here our hero’s statue we would place, copal Church, thirty men, Major George W. That after times and men may know- his face; Hackman commanding. May see him as he was, and as he moved, Independence Fire Company, No. 39, in Foremost in fight—the man his soldiers loved. full uniform, with about fifty men. Hereafter, therefore, underneath the sky The rear of the column was brought up by Of his own State, to every passer-by Captain Thompson and forty policemen. This brouze shall speak: to tell them this was he Who never swerved from his integrity, AN ODE TO THE HERO. But, with a conscience pure, a quiet breast, His duty did—and left to God the rest. Dr. S. Weir Mitchell Recounts Mc¬ How this was he who knew from a vast rout , Of patriot boys to forge an army out; Clellan’s Deeds iu Verse. From the gross rock, the iron rough and Daring the unveiling ceremonies Lanedon crude, To forge that Hammer—Hammer that held E. Mitchell read the following ode, written j good by bis father, Dr. S. Weir Mitchell, who hadj In whosesoever hand—and tempered not in vain Battered at last the Rebel gates In twain 1 it was thirty years ago, when it was yet How this was he whose soldiers loved him fresh in the minds of all the living, and its well, . ,. fearful sacrifices aud heroic achievements on And how-so much this silent bronze shall kgll !_ both sides were as living pictures in view of This was that Captain who, with loyal mind, the nation. It is now undisputed that it was Heard hut the word, and calmly then resigned the decisive battle of the war. When Loo His hopes, his sword. But who, ere yet that day formed his lines on Seminary Ridge he pre¬ Led forth his Host, and pushing on his way. sented the largest Confederate army that ever Burst through opposing force, and baffling all His foes, and knocked at the Rebel capital! appeared on any battle-field during the entire And with his cannon’s thunder from alar war. Never before had Leo commanded so Made Richmond tremble with the Northern many men and never thereafter was he able war! to approach the number who obeyed his orders on that fateful field. Had he been victorious in Pickett’s charge and driven Meade from his position it would not have been the decisive battle of the war. The NoTth bad abundant resources of men and money and its people were more than willing to maintain the unity of the Repub¬ lic regardless of the cost in life or treasure. Had Meade’s army been defeated it would have retired in reasonably good order; its A thinned ranks would not only have been filled up, but scores of thousands of fresh troops would have been summoned to his side. The gravity of such an emergency would have inspired the North to the most I heroic efforts to enlarge its army, and had i Meade retired from Gettysburg before the victorious Lee the Army of the Potomac would, within a few months thereafter, have been larger than at any time in its history. But Lee appeared at Gettysburg with the re¬ sources of the Confederacy exhausted to make his army equal to such an aggressive cam¬ paign, and when it suffered the loss of more than one-fifth of its entire number in that sanguinary conflict, and many more by de¬ sertion, the South could not supply its fallen heroes, and thus Lee’s defeat at Gettysburg irrevocably decided the fate of the Confed¬ eracy. The great conflict between Ctesar and Pompey on the Pbarsalia plains was not more decisive of the fate of Rome than was the battle of Gettysburg in deciding the over¬ ROBERT E. LEE. throw of the Confederacy. Lee fought great battles thereafter, and fought them with a skill and heroism that must ever make his name stand out among WHY LEE FAILED the great military chieftains of the world’s history, but he ever fought at a disadvantage, with steadily declining numbers, and with AT GETTYSBURG all his sources of supplies enfeebled until his army wasted to less than 30,000 to he surren¬ THE ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE AS dered at Appomattox. That the battle of Gettysburg should have ended the war is a GIVEN BY HIS NEPHEW. conviction easily attained by the dispassion¬ ate reader of to-day, but ail who understood the situation as it was then presented can REFLECTIONS ON LONGSTREET well understand that Leo was compelled to give battle after battle until his army was practically destroyed. The South was not pre¬ General Fltzhiiaffi Lee, in His Descrip¬ pared to accept the arbitrament of the sword, tion of tlie Gettysburg Campaign, Re¬ even in the face of what must have been veals the Doubts and Disagreements accepted as inevitable defeat, and it was not of the Confederate Officers and Prac¬ within the power of Lee or of the Confed¬ tically Lays the Blame of the Failure erate authorities to make peace on the basis of a restoration of the Union until the mili¬ ! to Win the Battle on General Lee’s tary power of the Confederacy was entirely Principal Lieutenant.* overthrown. I. The discussion of the battle of Gettysburg is more general to-day, not only throughout There have been volumes issued from both the country, but throughout the world, than Northern and Southern authors, discussing " _ the battle of Gettysburg. Genoral Lee has not doubted by any. The Union forces, with not given anything to the public directly but two corps present, both defeated and de¬ from himself, but his views have been ex-1; moralized and their commander dead, could pressed by several historians who can justly have been driven from Cemetery Hill on the claim to have shared his confidence and to afternoon of fhe 1st of July without a con¬ have fully and fairly understood his methods test. There Was not a single brigade or even and operations. The last and most important! regiment in line when they were first driven of these is a volume just issued in the series from the plains west of Gettysburg in utter of “ Great Commanders,” entitled “General confusion, on to what proved to bo one Lee, by Fitzhugh Lee, his Nephew and of the strongest defensive positions the Cavalry Commander.” Of all the many army could have found between Williams¬ Works issued purporting to give the history port and Washington. The success of the of General Lee’s military operations, this is! Confederate army might have been achieved altogether the most complete, although given on the morning of the second day had an in the brief space of less than 500 pages, and early and simultaneous attack been made, it may be accepted on questions about which and why these opportunities were lost has there has been dispute as to Generali been a theme of dispute from the day of Lee’s Lee’s views and actions as the most re¬ retreat until now. General Longstreet, the liable of any of the biographies given to the' senior officer of Lee’s army next to himself, public. General Fitzhugh Lee is not only has been criticised by many as responsible the nephew of General Robert E. Lee, but; for the disaster at Gettysburg, and he has was his cavalry commander in the most im¬ written several papers over lus own signature portant battles of the war, and probably held1 to vindicate his action as a soldier. Since the a closer place in General Lee’s affections and controversv began he has never attempted to confidence than any other of the Southern conceal the fact that he was earnestly op¬ lieutenants. This is clearly shown by Gene¬ posed to Pickett’s charge, having protested ral Lee’s repeated and always most kind and against it with such earnestness as to make many times confidential letters written to him unwilling to give the final order his nephew, relating alike to military move¬ for the assault except by bowing his head ments and to personal and family matters. to General Pickett when he came to Long- He grew up under his great chieftain and street for orders. He has also presented in relative, and is probably the only man living elaborate papers why that assault should not to-day who can unseal the lips of Robert E. have been made, and what he proposed to Lee on disputed questions relating to the General Lee as the movement that should movements of the Army of Northern Vir¬ have been made instead. It is not disputed ginia. The great Southern commander was that the disastrous charge made by Pickett conspicuous for his reticence and also for his was ordered by General Lee in person after generosity. If errors were committed by his it had been long delayed and after Longstreet lieutenants he rarely censured them ; he was had exhausted his persuasive powers to avert always glad to judge them most generously, it. He held that Lee’s campaign in Pennsyl¬ and even when he felt that censure was vania, while strategically aggressive, should merited the public never learned from him ! be tactically defensive, and he insisted that that failure was duo to faults of others. the Federal position should be flanked, be¬ Had he been a frank and outspoken man as j cause it was too strong for successful assault. | were Grant. Sherman and Sheridan, who On this point there is no dispute as to General called their subordinates to the swiftest and Longstreet’s attitude, but he has been cen¬ strictest account and who spoke of their sured by a number of Southern writers as the errors with freedom, it would not now he sole cause of Lee’s defeat at Gettysburg be¬ necessary to go to the confidants of General cause of his failure to be there with his Lee to learn why important political move¬ forces in timo to make them most effective. ments failed, or why the battle of Gettys¬ To this special point General Fitzhugh Lee burg was lost. It is this particular charac-! directs his pen with studied effort and places teristie of the Confederate General-in-Chief upon Longstreet the entire responsibility for that makes the work just issued by General Lee’s defeat in that great battle. Being the Fitzhugh Lee of especial value as a histori¬ close confidant, personal and military, of the cal volume, and it is especially interesting in Confederate commander, it may be safely as¬ view of the fact that he speaks with the ut¬ sumed that General Fitzhugh Lee speaks of most freedom of the causes which, in his! the details of the battle of Gettysburg as judgment, and in the judgment of General General Robert E. Lee believed them, and Robert E. Lee, lost the great battle of the his book will therefore be perused with more war. The book is therefore one of much than ordinary care and interest by all who more than ordinary importance as a contribu-; desire to be well informed ns to all the de¬ tion to the history of the war, and it will tails of the most memorable battle of the doubtless bo accepted as authority on many century, with the single exception of Water¬ points now in dispute relating to General Lee loo. _ when the future historian shall come to write the standard history of that greatest of all II. civil conflicts. It is known that both General Meade ana General Lee were moving toward each other There have been many articles written in when their advance forces met at Gettysburg, the newspapers and magazines, as well as in without either knowing the particular direc¬ books, to explain Leo’s failure at Gettysburg. tion of the other, and both armies were That he could have won that field if he had moved in such positions as to be able to con¬ town the condition of the Federal forces is centrate readily at different points. What was supposed at first to be a mere skirmish Ewell and Hill, and two hours must elapse at Gettysburg on the first day of July, was before they could receive reinforcements, and precipitated by General Hoth, who got per¬ then only at 6 P. M. of two divisions of the mission to move into Gettysburg for the pur¬ Twelfth Corps; but Johnson’s division of pose of supplying his men with shoes. That Ewell'* vorps reached the town at 6, and An¬ movement was met by the advance of Rey¬ derson’s, oi Hill’s, could have been there, too, if necessary, which would have maintained nolds’ corps that was making a reconnois- (the original status. * * * The Impartial sance in force, and the conflict began without military critic will admit Confederate camp either side supposing that a great battle was fires would have blazed at night and Confed¬ to be fought. Early in the afternoon Hill’s erate banners waved in the afternoon from whole corps was on the ground in action, and tbe high places south of Gettysburg had Howard’s corps had come to the support of Ewell and Hill marched again on tbe broken Reynolds, who had fallen early in the battle. and vanquished Federal battalions. Thus wbat opened as a skirmish precipitated This closed the first day of the memorable fully 50,000 men in the harvest of death battle of Gettysburg. It will be seen that within a very few hours, and the Union the only excuse given for Geueral Lee not army was defeated with the loss of four or following up the advantage gained by Hill in five thousand prisoners and driven in con¬ his battle with Reynolds and Howard, when fusion on Cemetery Hill. he defeated the Union forces and drove them General Fit-zhugh Lee thus sums up the back on to Cemetery Hill, was that he was un¬ situation at the close of the first day: willing to precipitate a general engagement General Lee reached McPherson Heights until Lougstreet’s troops had joined him and about 2.30 P. M. and, getting off his horse, got into line. Ho did not know how close swept with his field glass the country In his front. He saw the Union troops retreating j General Meade with his other corps were in I over the hills south of the town and ordered the rear of that portion of his army that had ; Waller Taylor, of his staff, to ride to Ewell been defeated, aDd fearing that an advance land tell him to move on and occupy them, upon Cemetery Hill might bring them into but that he did not want to bring on a gen- conflict with tho chief body of Meade’s leral engagement until Longstreet arrived. army without the aid of Longstreet’s im¬ A false report, however, caused Ewell to send out first one, then another brigade to guard portant corps he did not give any special his flank, and while waiting for them and order to pursue. His verbal order to his remaining division under Johnson to get Ewell was to pursue “ if practicable.” up the shades of comlDg night covered hi* He confidently expected to have his en¬ proposed field of operations. Lee had made tire army in battle line by daylight the a good beginning ; his troops had captured next morning, and thus could readily com¬ more than five thousand prisoners, including mand Culp's Hill and Little Round Top, two general officers, exclusive of a large num¬ ber of the wounded, and three pieces of artil- which seemed to be the key of the Union ■ lery. Heth had been slightly, General Scales position. It is evident that someone blun¬ I seriously wounded, and General Archer cap¬ dered in not taking possession of these im¬ tured; his enemy had been driven through portant positions on the afternoon or evening Gettysburg with great loss and General Rey- of the first day, and it is quite likely that I nolds, their commander, Killed. General Lee believed that they had been, or The Confederate success was not followed would be, occupied before the Union troops up. Lee wanted Longst.reet’s troops to be present before delivering a general battle and could possess them. General Meade arrived perhaps did not make his order for pursuit at 7.30 P. M. on the evening of the first day positive. He says Ewell was directed to pur¬ and assumed the command. He was thus sue “ If practicable,” Had Ewell decided to five hours later than General Lee in getting go forward on the 2d of July the Southern to the front, but he had reason to fear that troops would have been in line of battle on two of his finest corps, the Fifth and Sixth, Cemetery Heights that afternoon and Meade could not be brought to the field in time for would have been occupied during the night in forming defensive lines on Pipe Creek, ten tlie battle on the second day, and believing or twelve mile3distant,oreisewhere. Heth lost (that General Leo had his entire force on the on the 1st2,500 killed, wounded and missing, field, Meade very wisely took every precau¬ which left him 4,300. The losses in the other tion to provide for leaving the field at Get¬ division were not so heavy. Allowing them tysburg and falling back upon his supplies at :4,500 effectives at tnecloseof the action,would Westminster in case it should he deemed ne¬ give the four divisions 17,800 to pursue. cessary. A letter of Hancock's, the officer dispatched by Meade, on hearing of Reynolds’ death, to III. supersede Howard, his senior in command at Thus stood the two armies face to face on Gettysburg, says: “When 1 arrived upon the the evening of tho first day, Meade with a field, about 3 P. M., or between that and 3.80 very important part of his army yet in the P. M.,I found the fighting about over; the rear of our troops were hurrying through the rear, but believing that Lee had his entire town, pursued by the Confederates. There force before him, while Lee was waiting for had been an attempt to re-form some of the Longstreet, believing that Meade had his (Eleventh Corps as they passed over Cemetery army well in hand to oppose him. That Hill, but it had not been very successful. I Lee’s dispositions were wisely made for the nresume there may have been 1,000 or 1,200 battle of the second day cannot be doubted, troops of that corps in position on the hill.” and had his orders been carried out it is quite Twenty-four hundred and fifty men, the shat¬ tered remains ot the First Corps, were there likely that he might have achieved a de¬ too, and Buford’s cavalry were drawn up upon cisive victory before Meade’s army was tne plain, making a totalof 6,000 troops which strong enough to resist him. He conferred could not have offered much resistance with his corps commanders, and especially , against the victorious seventeen thousand of with Longstreet, who was on the field in ad- vance ot' his corps, and his orders personally delivered to his lieutenants were to attack “General Longstreet was to attack the flank early the next morning and Longstreet’s of the enemy and sweep down his line.” order was “ to attack on the flank at sunrise And General Long, of Lee’s staff, writes, in his opinion, orders were Issued for the move¬ the next morning.” Instead of doing this, ment to begin on the enemy’s leit as early as as we learn from the volume before us, practicable. “ Longstreet’s troops not long after day¬ Lee’s plan of battle was simple. His pur¬ break stacked arms near the battle-field,” pose was to turn the enemy's left flank with and instead of attacking the Union forces bis First Corps, and after the work began early in the morning, as Lee had planned thereto demonstrate against his lines with and ordered, the afternoon was well spent the other two in order to prevent the threat¬ ened flank from being reinforced, these dem¬ before any attack was made at all, and then onstrations to be converted Into a real attack it was precipitated by General Sickles getting as the flanking wave of battle rolled over the the Third Corps into an advance position troops in their lrout. that seemed to invite attack. When Lee went to sleep that night he was convinced that his dispositions for battle General Lee and General Longstreet seem next day were understood by the corps com¬ to have disagreed very seriously as to the ex¬ manders, for he had imparted them to each ecution of Lee’s orders, and the account one in person. On the morning of July 2 Lee we have, given by General Fitzhueh Lee, was up before light, breakfasted and was places General Longstreet in the attitude of “ready for the fray,” but his chariot of war had hardly started before he found his corps not only having opposed Lee’s orders very teams were not pulling together. The wheel- earnestly, but as exhibiting considerable irri- i horse selected to start it was balky and stub¬ tatiou. Pickett’s division was still in the born, and after stretching his traces did not rear, and Longstreet’s excuse for not execut-!■ draw his share of the load with rapidity ing Lee’s orders to attack early in the morn¬ enough to be effective. ing was because he did not wish “to go into; We hear from General Lonstreet that on battle with one boot on.” The reader can the evening of the 1st be was trying to influ¬ ence Lee not to attack, but manoeuvre, and get a just appreciation of the responsibility: on the 2d he “went to General Lee’s head¬ nut upon Longstreet for the failure of the i quarters at daylight and renewed my views second day’s battle at Gettysburg, by care-, against making an attack. He seemed re¬ fully studying the following extract from solved, however, and wedlscussed results." General Fitzhugh Lee’s work describing the In consequence of the reluctance of the offi¬ action of the second day : cer next iu command to fire the opening gun Lee, Impressed with the Idea of whipping Lee was induced to send Colonel Venable, of his opponent in detail, on the other band, was his staff, to Ewell at sunrise to see whether, practically ready and eager for the contest after viewing the position in his front by next day, and so was his confident army. He daylight, he could not attack from his flank, I was under no obligation, as has been affirmed, but the work of thousands of men during the to any one to fight a defensive battle. He night made the hills too strong to assault;! sought the enemy’s soil to gain a victory, Indeed, Meade was then massing there to ate whether by offensive ordefensive tactics, and tack Ewell. Later, Lee rode there himself,, his objective point was the Army of the Po¬ not wishing to drive his right corps com¬ tomac. He knew the Union army had not mander into battle when he did not want to yet concentrated, and was anxious to attack go, blit saw nothing could be done, so at 11 before it could. He had already talked with o’clock gave a positive order to Longstreet to LongNtreet, who, following Hill’s corps, joined move to his right and attack. It was clearly him at 5 P. M., the afternoon of July 1, on the duty of Longstreet to carry out his com¬ Seminary Ridge, where both made a careful mander’s views and not lapse into refractori¬ survey with glasses of the hostile heights op¬ ness. posite, and, It is presumed, attempted to im¬ Longstreet’s troops not long after daybreak press him with the Importance of an early at¬ stacked arms near the battle-field. Hood re¬ tack next day, and later that night saw him ports that he was in front of the heights of again. On the same evening he rode into the Gettysburg shortly after daybreak. General ! town of Gettysburg, and met, in an arbor at¬ Lee was there walking up add down under tached to a small house on the Carlisle road, ■ the large trees near him, and seemed full of north of the town, Ewell, Early and Rodes. hope, but at times buried iu deep thought. The Confederate com mander was anxlous He seemed anxious that Longstreet should at first that Ewell and Hill should commence attack, says Hood. “The euemy is here,” the battle, and seemed apprehensive that Lee said, “and n'we don’t whip him he will Longstreet might not get into position as whip us.” Hood states that Longstreet after-; • • soon as the condition demanded, but finally ward said, seating himself next the trunk of yielded to the opluion expressed—that Long¬ a tree by his side: "The General Is a little street should commence the battle by a for¬ nervous this morning. He wishes me to at¬ ward movement on Hill’s right, seize the tack. I do not want to do so without Pickett. [■« commanding positions on the enemy’s left ^?,Ver llke to e° lnto battle with one boot and envelop and enfilade the flank of the troops In front of the other two corps. Lee McLaws says that his orders were to leave left the conference. Early states, with the his camp at 4 A. M., but were afterward "distinct understanding that Longstreet! changed to sunrise ; that he reached Gettys¬ would be ordered to make the attack early burg at a very early hour, and halted the next morning.” General W. N. Pendleton, head of his column within a hundred yards his chief of artillery and his honored and of wnere General Lee was sitting on a (alien trusted friend, has put on record that General tree with a map beside him ; that he went to :• Lee told him that night, after he (Pendleton) Lee, who pointed out to him on the map the returned from a reconnoisance on the right road to his right as the one he wanted him to flank, that he “had ordered General Long¬ Place his division across, and that he wished street to attack on the flank at sunrise next him to get there, if possible, without being morning.” Hill, in his official report, says: seen by the enemy; that the line pointed out was perpendicular to the Emmlttsburg road, about the position be afterward occupied, and tbat Longstreet was then walking back and tack up the Emrnittsburg road, partially en¬ (forth some little distance from Genera! Lee, veloping the enemy's left," which X.ongstreet but came up, and, pointing to the map, “was to drive In.” There was much behind showed him bow he wanted his division lo¬ Sickles and Longstreet was attacking the cated, to which General Lee replied: “No, Marye Hill of the position only. “Sickles’ General, I wish it placed just the opposite,” right was three-fourths of a mile In front of and "that Longstreetappeared as If he were Hancock’s left,” says Meade, “and nls left (irritated and annoyed, but the cause I did not one-quarter of a mile In front of the base of jask.” the Little Round Top, leaving that key point I Longstreet admits that be was ordered at 11 unoccupied,” which should have been seized to move io tbe right to attack with the por¬ bv Longstreet before Meade did so with the tion of the command then up, but delayed j Fifth Corps. on his own responsibility to await General Slclues’ right rested on the Emrnittsburg McLaws’ brigade, which had been detached on road, and then his line was re-formed in the picket. His disobedience of orders in failing direction of the Round Top, making an angle (to march at once with bis command then at that point, his corps facing westerly and present, many believe to have lost Lee the southerly. Lee wanted to get possession of battle of Gettysburg. With a corps com¬ this point to assail and carry the more ele¬ mander who knew the value of time, obeyed vated ground beyond, but the Fifth Corps orders with promptness and without argu¬ had then been placed on the ground referred ment, Lee’s movement on Meade’s left could to, and the Sixth Corps, under sturdy old cave commenced at 7 or 8 o’clock A. M., with Sedgwick, had arrived, having marched j all the chances for success, and there would thirty-four miles since 9 P. M. the previous I probably have been no combat on the 3d. night, and was in position before tbe two di¬ The Third Federal Corps was not all up at visions of Lee's First Corps, which were in the hour the attack should have been made, bivouac only four miles in rear of the field. i or a division of the Fifth, or the reserve ar¬ The tired troops ot the Sixth Corps were tillery or the Sixth Corps. massed on the Taneytown road, in the rear j When McLaws and Hood advanced, eight of Little Round Top. When that gallant lor nine hours afterward, the condition had officer, Hood, was informed by bis Texas changed. Meade, having relinquished hie scouts tbat instead of attacking Sickles’ left plan to attack from his right, had been he could turn Round Top, he sent three offi¬ | steadily strengthening his left, and his whole cers at different intervals of time, to Long- army was concentrated on a splendid defen- street, asking to do It, but in every case was I slve line, for Lee had waited as if he did not answered, "General Lee’s orders are lo at¬ purpose to take advantage of his belDg first tack up the Emrnittsburg road.” As he was j prepared to fight. The fine Federal position going Into battle Longstreet rode up and would have been useless to Meade had Long¬ Hood again asked permission to make the street attacked only a few hours earlier, as he move, but was told “We must obey General might have done, for In that case be would Lee’s orders.” A strange acknowledgment have secured Round Top, six hundred and from one who a few hours before had disre¬ sixty-four feet high, and one hundred and garded them. i sixteen feet higher than Little Round Top, one thousand yards north of it, and crowned Thus ended the battle of the second day at It with artillery. “Little Round Top would Gettysburg. Instead of a simultaneous at¬ have been untenable, and Little Round Top tack upon the Union lines as General Lee’s was the key ot my whole position,” said plans contemplated, and as he had verbally Meade; “and if they ” (his opponents) “had ordered, no attack was made until late in the succeeded in occupying that it would have afternoon, thus enabling Meade to largely prevented me from holding any of the ground i increase his force and strengthen his position, I subsequently held to the last.” | Lee to the strong courage of the man united and when the attack was made it was a des- , the loving heart of the woman. His “ nature ! perate and bloody effort to gain Little Round was too epicene,” said an English critic, “to Top and Culp’s Hill, both of which could be purely a military man.” He had a reiuct- ! have been taken unopposed any time during iance to oppose the wishes of others or to the day before. Lee’s entire plan of battle order them to do anything that would bo hud miscarried, and his biographer sets forth disagreeable and to which they would not at every stage of failure how the responsibil¬ consent. “ Had I Stonewall Jackson at Get¬ tysburg X would have won a great victory,” ity was upon the tardiness of General Long¬ he said to Professor White, of the Washing¬ street. He did not attack in the morning at ton and Lee University, after the war, because daylight, as he should have done, because he knew it would have been sufficient for Pickett’s division was not yet there, and Jackson to have known his general views thus nearly the entire day was lost, during without transmitting positive orders, and every hour of which the strength of the that Stonewall, quick and impatient, would Union position was greatly increased by have been driving into the enemy’s flank ere (breastworks and tho numbers of the army the rays ot the morning sun lilted the mists from the Round Tops. If Lee had issued, by (multiplied. The author thus closes his rec- ; bis chief of staff, his battle order for tbe 2d iord of the second day’s battle: in writing, as is customary, Longstreet would The sentinel stars set their watch over a have carried it out probably in good faith, l ghastly field of dead, dving and wounded sol¬ and not have wasted most valuable time in diers, lying iu blue and gray heaps every- attempting to convince his commander it j whore. Both contestants sought rest, but bat¬ was faulty. tlefields are not pleasant eouches when dyed The attack on the right, commencing five in the blood of numerous brave men, who, or six hours after the positive orders had sleeping their last sleep, lie cold and quiet, been given, even then had some elements of while the piteous moan* or the wounded success. Sickles, with the Third Corps, had I pierce the ear and reach the heart. Tbe armies become dissatisfied with his location and bad i rested without pleasant anticipations ot the moved on about 12 o’clock nearly a mile in (morrow, knowing well that at the roll-call his front and taken a new alignment, which ] next evenlDg many would not respond. Tbe became salient to the main line. Lee was 1 pickets alone were on duty, the surgeons deceived by it and gave general orders to “at¬ alone at work. The result of the day’s opera- Hons, Lee reported, "Induced the bfelief that,, The assaulting column was at Inst formed. with propert concert of action, and with the Pickett’s division of three brigades, 6,000 men.1 Increased support that the positions gained1 was formed In two lines, Kemper on the! on the right would enable the artillery to right, Garnett on his left and Armlstead in render the assaulting columns, we should ul¬ the rear. Hill's troops—six small brigades— timately succeed, and it was accordingly de¬ having passed through the fiery furnace of termined to continue the attack." two days’ battles, did not number 7,000 men ; they were sent to support Longstreet’s corps, IV. but, curiously, were placed In an attacking On the evening of the second day it was column that had no support. evident to Lee that the position ofj the Fed¬ Four brigades—Pettigrew’s,Davis’ (a brother1 eral army was too strong to be broken on of the Southern President), Brockenbrough’s and Archer’s, of Heth’s division, under that either of its flanks, as he had sacrificed many fine officer, Pettigrew (Heth having been of his soldiers in vain efforts to get posses¬ wounded the day before)—were placed on sion of Cuip’s Hill and Round Top.. He was Pickett’s left, and two. Lane’s and Scales’, [ thus reduced to the necessity of adppting one about twenty-five hundred men of Pender’s I of three courses, viz.: To make An assault division, under Trimble, In a second line, I upon General Meade’s left eentte, at the while Wilcox’s was to march on the extreme | point where it was nearest to Loe’s lines; to! right to protect their flank. Thirteen thou-! sand five hundred, or at most fourteen then-1 make a flank movement around Meade’s left sand troops, had been massed to attack an! and thus attempt to force him out of his po¬ army, but with no more hope of success than sition, or to retreat. General Lee doubt¬ had the Spartans at Tbermopylse, the Eng- | less well considered all of these sugges- j lish cavalry at Balaklava or the Old Guard I tions. He had discussed the question of the French at Waterloo. of attempting a flank movement with Pickett’s division formed at 10.30 A. M. In line nearly parallel and In rear of the rise General Longstreet, who strongly urged upon which runs the Emmlttsburg road, but it, but it did not meet with Lee’s ap¬ rather diagonally to theUnlon position at the: proval, and after fully considering the matter contemplated point of attack. Kemper’s he expressed the belief that with proper con¬ rignt was ODe thousand eight hundred and certed action an assanlt could be made suc¬ sixty yards distant from It, while Pettigrew, cessfully, and his order* were given accord¬ prolonged the line somewhat en echelon.; ingly. General Pickett’s division had ar¬ Pickett’s first formation was in one line, j rived on the field in the afternoon of the Armlstead, Garnett and Kemper from left to right, Garnett’s troops were twenty yards second day and had not yet participated in only in rear of Wilcox’s brigade of Ander¬ any of the battles, and as Lougstreet’s corps son’s division, which had been sent out to was now complete, with more fresh men in it the front between daylight and sunrise! than any other, he was charged with the to protect guns then being put in posi¬ duty of assaulting the Union lines early in tion by Colonel E. P. Alexander, of the the morning. Wo cannot better convey to artillery. Wilcox states that the four the reader the story of Pickett’s luckless as¬ brigade commanaers were together nearly all the time before the artillery opened "In sault than to quote copiously from General' the yard near the Spangler House,” and that lutzhugh Lee’s story as it comes from his there was no officer present In that open field own pen : at any time higher in rank than a brigade “ General Longstreet's dispositions were not i general, which differs with an account by the completed as early as was expected,” con¬ right corps commander, who has said that tinues Lee, and before he could notify Ewell Lee rode with him "twice over the line to see imrf6!136!1117 attacked Johnson, was repulsed, I that everything was arranged according to ohnson, thinking the fighting was going his wishes and that there was no room for a on elsewhere, attacked in his turn and forced! misconstruction of his orders.” Lee’s object union troops to abandon part of their in- was to cut the Federal army at its left centre Lenchments, but "after a gallant and pro- as Marlborough split that of Veudome in the! *t(rUsr,?le ” was not able to carry the same month 165 years before, thinking, per¬ sti ongiy-fortlfied crest of the hill. " The pro- haps, its right wing could be destroyed first jected attack on the enemy’s left not having or driven bo far out of the wav that he could turn In whole or part against the left wing h^K?ndC’” Lee states’ ‘‘he was unable to before it could disentangle itself from the o 8 "'/I'1 WUh a force lar mf -I, necessary for him to retire to staff officers—Taylor, Venable and Long—I nls original position about 1 P. M.” The have recorded that the plan of assault In-1 Qttaclr on the right was but a volved an attack by Longstreet’s whole corps, waPs JnV«“ ^,the Preceding day’s tactics. It supported by one-half of Hill’s, or all of it if he called for it, or upon the bright shield of TsiVw‘PmSS ble t0 move from different flanks °Tfflcer acd a Prompt one “at the same the Southern chieftain there might have been • longstreet was delayed, General Lee’s a lasting blot. Taylor, the adjutant general rorW iln S “S\by ° force occupying the high, of the army, says it was originally Intended! which . i S,°n tbe eDemy’s extreme left from to make the attack with Hood and Mc¬ *h bl8,tro°Ps could be attacked In reverse Laws, re-enforced by Pickett, and it was only because of the apprehensions of Gen¬ to :riaDC;d' and he deeraed u necessary defend bis flank and rear with the dlvl- eral Longstreet that his corps was not strong enough that General HU1 was flre 8 “°°d a°d McLaws- “ He was there- hriLa6 ^Ced byHelh’8 division and two called ou to support him, and Hill, brigades of Pender’s (flill corps) to the corn-, In an official report, states that his troops were sent to Longstreet “ as a support to his assl£-nenf "b!cl:l AIaJ°r General Trimble was ford Pen’ aad, Geuera‘ Hill was ordered toaf- corps.” Lee “ rode aloug a portion of the line re„dGI"?ra' Longstreet further assistance If held by A. P. Hill’s corps and finally took a that mk,h’And avail hlniseli of any success position about the Confederate centre on an mat might be gained." elevated point, from which be could survey the field and watch the result of the move- ment.” Long: says tne order for 8fce assault he was convinced that Pickett was going to by the whole corps was given verbally by (lead his troops to useless slaughter. Long- General Lee In bis presence and that of jstreetthen rodo to Alexander’s position, and Major Venable and other officers of the army. (upon being told the artillery ammunition | Venable states that he beard the orders given I might not bold out, directed Alexander to to support Pickett’s attack by McLaws and istop Pickett and replenish it; but was told Hood, and that when he called General Lee’s there “ was very little to replenish with,” and attention to it afterward he said: “ 1 know that the enemy would recover from the effect It, I know it.” of the fire if there was further delay, and just A consummate master of war such as Lee then, says he, Pickett swept out and showed was would not drive en masse a column of the full length of the gray ranks und shin¬ fourteen thousand men across an open ter¬ ing bayonets—as grand a sight as man ever rene thirteen or fourteen hundred yards, looked on and that on the left Petti¬ nearly every foot of It under a concentrated grew stretched further than he conld and converging fire of artillery, to attack an see. General Garnett, just out of the sick army on fortified heights, of one hundred ambulance, and buttoned up in an old thousand, less Its two days’ losses, and give blue overcoat, riding at the head of his bri¬ bis entering wedge no support. Why, If every gade, passed just theD. and saluted Long¬ man In that assault had been bullet-proof, street. Alexander bad served with him on and if the whole of those fourteen thousand the plains before the war, and they “wished splendid troops had arrived unharmed on each other luck and a good-bve”—a lastfare- Cemetery Ridge, what could have been ac¬ I well for Garnett. Alexander followed Pickett complished? Not being able to kill them, with eighteen of his guns which had most there would have been time for the Federals (ammunition, whose fire was very effective to have seized, tied and taken them off In against Standard’s Vermont troops. The wagons before their supports could have small thunderbolt had been discharged, and reached them. Amid the fire and smoke of the red-crested wave of assault rolled forward, this false move these troops did not know destined to break Into fragments on the mur¬ ‘‘some one had blundered,” but had a right derous rocks athwart its path. to feel that the movement had been well con¬ Screaming shells broke in front, rear, on sidered and ordered because it had elements both sides, and among them; but the de¬ of success. But there was no chance to write voted band with their objective pointsteadllv victory upon their fluttering flags. The pages in view, kept step to their music. The space of history which record the magnificent ex¬ between them and the Federal lines grew hibition of human courage drip with the use¬ rapidly less, and soon they were in the less sacrifice of blood. “mouth of hell,” within range of the well- Longstreet was disappointed when he re¬ protected infantry, and then there came a ceived the order to make this attack and storm of bullets on every side, before which wanted to move to the Federal left, but Lee men dropped In their ranks as ripe fruit from knew his relations with Meade had been too a shaken tree. Still they closed the gaps and intimate during the last two days and the pressed forward, though canister was now relative hosts too close for such tactical folly. raining on flanks and front with a terribly ; His right corps chief says be took Pickett, destructive fire. Brave men along the who was to command t he charge, to the crest Union line could scarcely refrain from of Seminary Ridge, pointed out the direction cheering at the perfect order and splendid to be taken and the point to be assaulted; courage exhibited by the Southern soldiers that he “could see the desperate and hopeless as they staggered on amid death and I nature of the charge and the cruel slaughter destruction, like a great pugilist whose fast lit would cause,” and that bis “heart was falling strength denotes the loss of the con¬ ibenvy” when he left Pickett; that his objec¬ test, but resolves to stand in front of his an¬ tions to Pickett's battle bad been overruled, tagonist to the last. What was left of the and that the day was one of the saddest of right of the assaulting troops struck the por¬ his life, for he foresaw what his men would tion of the Federal lines held by Webb’s bri¬ meet and would gladly have given up his po¬ gade, Second Corps, and from the stone wall sition rather than share in the responsibili¬ drove two Pennsylvania regiments, captur¬ ties of that day. Lee, an contraire, was im¬ ing the three guns In charge of Lieutenant patiently waiting to see Longstreet’s corps A. H. Cushing, and mortally wounding this and one-halt of Hill's, or, if necessary, all of brave young officer, who had been fighting It, break, with the force of the tempest which for an hour and a half after being wounded In j strands navies, through the hostile lines, If both thighs by the cannonade. 'the testimony of his staff officers Is worthy of “They moved up splendidly,” wrote a credence. Northern officer, “deploying as they crossed The details of the attack were properly left the long sloping interval. The front of to the officer who was to make It. Lee did the column was scarcely up the slope and not care whether Hood and McLaws attacked, within a few yards of the Second Corps’-front reinforced by Pickett and Hill’s troops, as at and Its batteries, when suddenly a terrific fire first intended, or whether Plekett lea and the . from every available gun on Cemetery Ridge | remainder followed^ but he wanted the mus¬ burst upon them. Their gracelul lines under¬ kets numerous enough to plant the victory went an instantaneous transformation in a upon Ills standards. To fight to a finiBh a dense cloud of smoke and dust—arms, heads, protracted struggle was a bold conception ; blankets, guns and knapsacks were tossed in to give In audacious forma coup de grace to the air and the moan of the battle-field was his enemy was the acme ol daring. But Lee, heard amid the storm of battle.” Sheets of calm, quiet, conservative and self-controlled, missiles flew through what seemed a moving was fearless when occasion aemanded, as a mass of smoke ; human valor was powerless study of bis campaigns will demonstrate. and the death-dealing guns were everywhere Two minutes afterward the Federal fire throwing blazing projectiles in tbeir faces. ceased, and some of his guns limbered up and No troops could advance and live. The fiery vacated their positions. Then he (Anderson) onslaught was repulsed as Pickett’s division wrote to Pickett, “For God’s sake, come had been, and then the survivors of both quick.” Pickett bad taken his first note to came back to their former positions, but not Longstreet and asked him if the time for his one-half of the fourteen thousand. The fa¬ advance had come, and Longstreet bowed his mous charge was over. assent; he could not speak, because, he says, U I “This has been a snd clay to u57’rsala Lee, slve, and there was nothing to be done excepi “but we cannot always expect to win vic¬ to withdraw from Meade’s front. tories.” It was a sad day for the South, for Such is the story Gettysburg, as told by at that time it was “within a etone'B throw of peace.” Fate was against Lee. The hlgh-l General Fitzhugh Lee, and he may be rea¬ water mark of Southern independence had sonably regarded as reflecting the views of been reached, and irom that hour it began General Bobert E. Lee with more precision to ebb from the mountains of Pennsylvania than any man who has yet attempted to speak until lost in the hills of Appomattox. “It is on the subject: It will be seen that from the all my fault,” Lee exclaimed, and proceeded very first of the many unfortunate errors in person to rally and re-form his shattered committed on the Confederate side each one troops. “There was much leRS noiRe, fu«B or confusion of orders than at an ordinary field is charged to General Longstreet, and thus day; the men were brought up in detach¬ upon him, and him alone, is placed the re¬ ments, quietly and coolly,” said an English sponsibility for the loss of Gettysburg by colonel who rode by bis side. General Lee. and the overthrow of the great¬ With that wonderful magnanimity which est army the South ever had in the field. Lee so fully possessed he took all the responsi¬ From that day the cause of the Confederacy bility on his own broad shoulders, and some was the lost cause, as Pickett’s disastrous of it must be put there. First, the discretion allowed, which separated him from his cav¬ charge at Gettysburg irrevocably dated the! alry ; second, the omission of positive orders decline and fall of the military power of the to Ewell to advance on the evening of the South in its war for indenendatrea_ 1st, and the failure to replace an officer who, opposed his plans with one who would have entered into them heartily, and readily co¬ operated with him to “whip the enemy In FromM detail.” The delay in getting two or three miles to the right, after the early hour Longstreet’s ($(T21 < < r< F command got near Lee’s headquarters, can¬ not be wholly laid at the door of his guide— Lee’s engineer officer, Colonel S. P. Johnston. That officer states be called attention to the Date; fact that the road they were following would pass over a hill in view or the Federal line, ’ \ THEY ABE PAS8ING AWAY. and pointed out a shorter route across a field screened from observation ; but the corps The heroic characters of the war per¬ commander preferred the road, and followed iod are fast passing away. Each year’s it to the top of the bill, then halted, and changed the position of his divisions In col¬ review of the Grand Army shows its umn. At that time the distance to the place ranks decimated and many a brave and Hcod occupied was only a mile and a half, and could have been reached, Johnston says, gallant soldier no longer responds to the in less than an hour. And, finally, If the posi¬ roll call. It is not surprising that the tive assertions of Lee’s staff officers can be men who went through the war of the believed—and they must be from their well- known high characters—he disobeyed orders rebellion should be dropping out of the when he attacked with one-third and not ranks, even though they entered it in the wltn his whole corps. Lee knew all the facts, tor, in addition to what was said to Ewell, very flower of early manhood. The pri¬ Early and Pendleton, he told Governor Car- vations and hardships of the march and roll, of Maryland, “tnat the battle would have the field weakened the strongest system been gained if General Longstreet had obeyed the order given him and attacked early In¬ and broke down the defenses which stead of late ; that Longstreet was a brilliant vigor and health would naturally rear soldier when once engaged, but the hardest for their own protection. It is fair to man to move in my army.” Meade showed no disposition to assume the assume that no man who spent four offensive after Pickett’s repulse. Like Lee years of active service in the army is at Fredericksburg, he did not want to lose the advantage of position, and was not cer¬ likely to live as long as he would if he tain the battle was over. The relative num¬ had uot been subjected to that fearful bers In each army were still about the same, for their losses did not vary much, and the strain. greater part of Lee’s army was ready to re¬ Not only the Boldiers in the ranks and ceive him ; he might have been repulsed in the brave leaders who commanded them turn, producing perhaps other combina¬ tions and other results. Lee’s ammuni¬ are passing to j un the immortals, hut tion was short, It is true—a fact which . _Lho_Abi war irnvp.rnors whose services at was unknown to him when the as¬ home equaled in importance and effi¬ sault was made—but there was sufficient to still make “ many tongues of flame.” The ciency those of any commander in the ; natal day of American liberty br^)ke upon field are fast passing away. The nation both armies occupying nearly the same po¬ sition, except that Lee had drawn In bis left recently lost two notable characters; and retired it to a new line out of the town when ex-Gov. Kirkwood of Iowa and I covering his lines of communication and at Samuel T. Curtis of Pennsylvania passed the same time strengthened his right by defensive works at right angles to his main away. They were two of the greatest of line, to guard against any flank attack there. war governors and contributed as largely The Southern leader knew on the night of the 3d that he could no longer resume the offen- to the preservation of the union in their way as did any of the great commanders. WheD the whole country was calling FOR CEMETERY RIDGE Gen. Sherman a lunatic because, with his knowledge o 1 the south, he declared that it would be no easy matter and no holi¬ : A Noble Work for the Pennsylvania Gettys- day sport to put down the rebellion, Gov. bnrg Commission—The Sculptor of the Cuxlain, with equal foresight and clear Dickens Statue Produces a Most Accept¬ poreepMen, was preparing for a gigantic able Equestrian Statue. 8tru#gle. Within ten days after Lincoln had asked for 75,000 men at the begin¬ The model for the statue of General Han¬ ning of the war Gov. Curtain issued a cock to be placed on Cemetery Hill is now proclamation to the peopte"’*oF"TPennsyl- complete, and the bronze casting will soon be vania asking for twenty-five additional made. This important work was entrusted by the Pennsylvania Gettysburg Commission regiments of infantry and one of cavalry to F. Edwin Elwell, whose treatment of the to serve not for three months but three subject has been eminently successful. years. The authorities at Washington The statue will stand on the ridge where to underestimated the necessities of the Hancock checked the first day’s rout and 1 hour that his offer of these troops assumed full command, temporarily, under was promptly declined in a manner to ■Meade’s orders. The Meade statue, now growing in the studio of Bush Brown, at humiliate him, and to cause him not onlv Newburgh, N. Y., will stand, when finished, indignation, but surprise and sorrow at in front of the headquarters house on Get¬ their short sightedness. But it was not tysburg field. | long before the war department was glad The statue is of heroic size and stands upon an ornamental bronze base. The general is to receive the troops whom Gov. Curtain’s represented as sleuder of figure, as be was foresight and provided. during the war, his hair rather long. He is His work all through the war was that sitting upright on his horse, the reins tightly of magnificent support of Mr. Lincoln held in the left hand, while the right is raised and of great and enthusiastic devotion and reaches forward, as if commanding at¬ tention. The poise of the head and the ap¬ to the union cause. His whole talent pearance of the eyes, with their straightfor¬ and splendid abilities were devoted night ward gaze, suggest that he is watching a line and day to rousing the people of his of battle and considering the strategic points. state to a thorough appreciation of the The figure was made alter the most careful magnitude of the war and to enlisting study and after listening to suggestions from persons who were well acquainted with Gen¬ the services of as many as could be spared eral Hancock, including members of his fam¬ to join the army in the field. He was a ily and those who served as his aides-de-camp father to the fatherless and with tender during the war. affections he cared for the bereaved who The horse, which measures nine feet to the had sacrificed their dearest kinsmen upon withers, is a noble-looking animal. It stands on three feet, its left forefoot being raised in their country’s altars. He was a great a spirited attitude. Every detail of the uni¬ man in the largeness of his ideas, the form, his slouch hat and the trappings of his breadth of his charity, the vigor of his horse, have been treated with great care. manhood and the heroic virtues of his The model was recently inspected by Gen¬ rugged character. As he passes away, eral John P. Taylor, General J. P. S. Gobin one of the great figures of the war period and Lieutenant Colonel John P. Nicholson, is joined to the ranks of the immortal, secretary of the Pennsylvania Gettysburg Commission, in Mr. Elwell’s studio in New who will forever remain the pride ai|d York. They are said to have expressed the honor of American manhood and pat¬ themselves as being highly pleased with the riotism. work. What Mr. Elwell claims for the Hancock From,, statue—“dignity”—is no overdraft on the imagination. It much surpasses the very conventional and even woodeny Reynolds and McClellan as a product of individual genius. The horse and the rider accord with one another, and yet the ruling will is on the j saddle and not under it. It is not the easy Date, /.■ /...... * •' yf task that One may imagine to create a noble horse and a kingly rider and to indicate by the mere attitude that the animal obeys the man. MODEL FOR THE Mr. Elwell lives during the winter with his family at 131 West Eleventh street. New York. Through the summer he occupies a charming HANCOCK STATUE country house at Sandwich. Mass. His roomv and lofty studio is in the rear of the West Eleventh street mansion, and here IT HAS BEEN COMPLETED BY THE stands the Hancock statue previous to its shipment to the bronze founders. SCULPTOR EDWIN ELWELL. Mr. Elwell has been much abroad and has MODEL FOR THE EQUESTRIAN STATUE OF GENERAL HANCOCK. =1 filled his very Beautiful home with number¬ The face of this bust is marvelous as a sample less objects of “ bigotry and virtue,” as Mrs. of plastic art. As Mr. Elwell expresses it he Partington called them. On the mantel-pieces, in the hanging cabi¬ bad to “dig into it” over and over again nets, or suspended by wires from the frescoed with his scoops so as to build up all tbe walls may be seen the rarest bits of Doulton, wrinkles of the forehead and cheeks and chin of Sevres and of Limoges ware. in their full and moving expressiveness. He has an interesting collection of foreign It is a face brimful of the story of along, photographs of large size of the chefs d’ouvres active, eventful and humans life; told by the of great continental masters of brush and lineaments themselves without any running graver. commentary of text. Mr. Elwell exhibited his “ Dickens and The mao who modeled the speaking bnst is Little Nell ” in England and has many appre¬ not one who mingles freely in the rough-and- ciative letters from confreres in London tumble outer world of business and society. which are hanging framed on the walls of He is very fond of bis home and family and his den—if a place where he lives and smokes dearly loves his art. He makes no effort to and writes, but in which everything down to go out and hunt up work, but only tries to pins and penholders is in apple pie order can conscientiously execute with patience what be called a den. has been awarded to him on the strength of It will be remembered that this well-known his name and previous efforts. Some of Mr. “ Dickons aud Little Nell ” took an interna¬ Elwell’s ideas are so fresh and unconven¬ tional medal at the Chicago Fair. This group tional that they may be indicated in brief. was also cast, as will be tho Hancock, in Phil- j To him genius has always appeared in the adelphia. guise of a force operating through the intel- [ lect, spurring it on to still higher and higher There is a large print hanging framed in achievement, but absolutely outside of self. Mr. El well’s library of his bnst of Robert The three primal laws of art in his estima¬ Collyer, the celebrated New York clergyman. tion are spirit, mass of form and line. r 53 It may almost be guessed without the say¬ ’until they arrived in Baltimore. In that teity the plug-uglies and flre-ea.ers held ing that Mr. Elwcll does not believe in the imitation of classic or other models. Photography is able to do this and is not an art. Nor does good art attempt to rival God. It only humanizes his creations, spir¬ ituality dignifies everything that it touches. Power in art comes from developing the in¬ tellectual grasp and appetite and increasing the spiritual potentialities of the human mind. Mr. El well has very little method in life or, for that matter, in art either. He keeps the pores of his mind—the windows of his soul— open all the while for newer, stronger light, and when it comes be is quick to employ it. He wants to remain as youthful as he can, and always he able to change all his beliefs as soon as better ones present themselves. The Hancock statue was made without any sketch, model, drawing or anything else, ex¬ cept the burning likeness in the sculptor’s brain. On another occasion he might change all this and make twenty models. He does not agree with his cotemporaries as to the omnipotence of Form, hut regards it as only a means to an end. He realizes that in this feeling he stands almost entirely alone in America. He finds the art world of the day tearing as fiercely after Mammon as the herd of swine rushing pell-mell over some steep place into the sea. He is still willing to work at his art “ for art’s sake,” and to receive less recom¬ pense, provided he can keep himself open to every impulse of the Divine creative Spirit. From, . . Date, M-/.C /fl I - almost unchecked sway. In many locali¬ FIRST DEFENDERS’ MARCH. ties mobs fo excited men and women rioted, almost unchecked by the police, To Go Over the Ground Covered at the damaging property and threatening to Opening of the War. prevent any Northern troops from pass¬ 1 The Association of the First Defenders ing through to the defense of the National Capital. The ordinary route to Vi ashing- | will start on a four days’ cam¬ ton by way of the Nortnern Central paign from Pleading to Washington to¬ Railroad, was to halt at the President day. As nearly as possible those battle- i Street Station, whence 1lonf tea™*d°n 1 scared veterans will traverse the samel mules drew the cars to the Camden (route, under the same conditions, which Ithey took thirty-five years ago, when ' SSuch a^mob had collected along the intervening streets that it was deemed 'they responded to the call for the de- more prudent to march through the city ■ fense of the Capital. Colonel O. C. Bos- This the companies did with platoons of byshell, who is one of the ruling spirits' nolice marching front and rear, and of the association, gave the following” doin- the best they could to insure the history of how it originated to a “Press” safety of the volunteers. In fact, there reporter yesterday:— were only trifling hostile demonstrations Showers of stones occasionally fell but On April 18, the five companies were | fid no serious damage. The first volun- (mustered into the United States service teer who got an injury which he could [by Colonel Seneca G. Simmons, and were • carry away with him, was Colonel Bos- | thus the first volunteers so mustered. bvshell He was struck on the head Transportation was furnished over the bv a good-sized rock, which raisea a Northern Central Railroad, whose lines painful lump, but. caused no blood to had not been disturbed by the hostile flow. That was the first wound_ of the iMarylanders. In fact, the volunteers en¬ countered no manifestations of hostility l war- : IRST BLOOD OF THE WAR. The first bloodshed of the war occurred a few seconds later, when Nick Biddle the colored servant of the Captain of PROUD RECORD OF the Washington Artillerists, was struck on the cheek by a paving stone, cutting a triangular gash which bled freely Thus, the first blood of the war was shed 11 FIRST DEFENDERS. by a colored man. These are points upon •which history needs to be corrected. The blood spilled in Fort Sumter resulted from the premature explosion of a shell Will Celebrate ?heir Me¬ which Major Anderson’s men were about to ram into a cannon. No man of the gar¬ ry morabie Journey to De¬ rison was injured 1 y hostile shot. Many school histories, too, credit the fend Washington. Sixth 'Massachusetts Regiment with be¬ ing the first military body to arrive in Washington. As a matter of fact, the five companies named above are exceed¬ ingly proud of their indisputable claim OVER THE ROUTE OF ’61. to be the First Defenders in fact as well as name. They arrived in Washington on the evening of April 18, and were at once marched to the new capitol and Survivors of That Historic Kush to quartered there. The Sixth Massachu¬ setts arrived the next afternoon, after a Relieve the Capital Will Be much more serious experience with the hostile Baltimore mob. In fact, the wounds of several of the injured Bay Honored All Along the State men were bandaged by the Penn¬ sylvanians: .. _ . Way. The First Defenders were also the first volunteers sent out of Washington. After two weeks’ service In the capital they were ordered down the Potomac to gar¬ Special Correspondence of “The Press.” rison Fort Washington. This carried ■ Pottsville, April 11.—The passing years them in front of frowning cannon along add new luster to the undying fame of j the shore at Alexandria. The guns were the 530 men from Pennsylvania, the first! shotted there, but the rebel volunteers did not pull the lanyards, and the march volunteers from the Northern Free j to the Maryland fort was without inci¬ States to rush to the defense of the dent. The five companies saw the most imperiled national capital. The surviv¬ of their three months' service at Fort ors of this body, numbering between i Washington. At the expiration of their 125 and 150, have formed an organiza¬ enlistment the men were in great de¬ tion known as the First Defenders’ As¬ mand to drill the three years volunteers. sociation, and they will on the 18th of In this way nearly all the good material became commissioned officers. Matthews, this month celebrate the 35th anniver¬ orderly sergeant of the Logan Guards, sary of their memorable march through fought his way up to a brigadier gen¬ Baltimore, Md., running the gauntlet eral's commission, and was killed while through a howling secessionist mob, sub gallantly leading his brigade in the Wil¬ ject to the most insulting abuse. derness. Field officers below that rank The Defenders’ Association is made will be plentiful when the First De¬ up of the survivors of the original five fenders line up for their peaceful cam¬ paign to-day. companies, viz.: Logan Guards, of Lew¬ Every survivor is proud of the First iston; Ringgold Artillery, of Reading; Defenders’ badge, which was presented Allen Infantry, of Allentown; Washing¬ by Pennsylvania in recognition of their ton Artillerists and National Light In¬ patriotism. It is of blind steel in the fantry, of Pottsville. This year they shape of a Greek cross overlaying a sun¬ propose again to traverse the old route burst. “First in Defense of the Capital” is the legend on the obverse side and the they. took in 1861, and their plans are name of the wearer is on the reverse. elaborate in the extreme. As in 1861, th< “First Defender” is on the clasp which is first two companies to start on the trip connected with the medial by a tri-color will be the two local organizations, silk band. i which will leave Pottsville at 2.10 on The First Defenders will assemble In I the afternoon of the 15th Inst., and will Harrisburg on April 17. Governor and procede at once to Reading, where they Mrs. Hastings will give them a recep¬ tion which, with a banquet, will occupy will be joined by the company of that the first day. On the 18fh they will city and the one from Allentown. They march on Baltimore by way of the will be entertained at Reading by Mc- Northern Central, but on this occasion Leon Post, G. A. R., for an hour, and they will encounter only hospitality. A then the four companies will, leave for reception by the Mayor and a banquet Harrisburg, about 4 o’clock. Arriving will be the features of the second day. at the State capital, they will be joine. Governor Lowndes will assist at thes** hospitalities, and it is hoped that Gov¬ by the Lewistown company, the fifth ernor Hastings will also be present. The company of the organization. men will march through the city by the At Harrisburg the Defenders will be route they took thirty-five years ago. met by a reception committee, headed At Washington, on the 19th, the De¬ by Captain Frank R. Leib and Captain fenders will march upon the capitol first George G. Boyer, both formerly of Potts- and then will rendezvous at Willard’s, where a banquet and other festivities will ville, the latter a member of the Na¬ be enjoyed. A reception by President tional Light Infantry. During the even¬ Cleveland in the evening is on the card. ing they will be tendered a reception The men will march over their former by Governor Hastings and his wife at route to Fort Washington, and as many the Executive Mansion. At 8 o’clock on as possible reconstruct their experiences the following morning the veterans will as young warriors. This will close their •ompaign. leave for Baltimore and upon their ar- / ■ and preset y@u to the J^weTnor or rived they w#re at the train to meet j Maryland^ ahdTet him see now hale the them. The Committee- of Arrangements, old boys are that marched through Bal¬ timore first to the defense of the nation.” Major C. C. Davis, Captain George G. The Governor then invited the boys to Boyer, Major Prank R. Lelb and flail at the house where Mrs. Hastings Lieutenant Howard D. Potts, headed the m.nd the babies and he are living, and' following organizations to the station as said he had some pork and beans and an escort:— j hardtack for them. There was nothing The City Grays, Captain Hutchinson; l; too good for the old boys, he said. In i closing the Governor paid an eloquent Governor's troop, mounted. Captain Ott; tribute to the veteran soldiers and the’ Posts 58 and 116, Grand Army of the J Union and the American people and said Republic, Commander E. W. Jackson; this was the greatest country on earth. Harrisburg Zouave3, Captain Swartz, He set the old boys wild with his de¬ the latter a juvenile organization num¬ scription of what is good In this country. bering a hundred. ■ “Mayor Patterson extends you the free¬ On the arrival of the Reading train dom of the city,” said the Governor, “I 'open the doors and extend you the free¬ the First Defenders formed in line, dom of the Commonwealth. I trust your headed by Captain George G. Boyer, Ivisit South will be pleasant. You will Colonel Wynne and Colonel Renn, and miss many of your old comrades, who i preceded by their guests. General Gregg, sleep in the windowless palace of peace ' ex-Mayor Merritt of Reading, Senators beneath the palmetto and the pine, but i Keefer and Green and other distinguish- j it will be a pleasure to revisit old scenes.” ed Pennsylvanians were escorted up The Governor was loudly applauded Market Street. There were thousands of and the Defenders arose in a body and people on the sidewalks who cheered and gave him three cheers. applauded to the veterans most vocifer¬ Colonel Renn, of Pottsville, the oldest ously. Every house on the line of commisisoned officer of the First De¬ march was beautifully decorated with fenders, responded to the welcome from the city and State. He spoke of their flags and bunting and shields, and it coming to Harrisburg in 1851 and the I seemed as if Harrisburg had fairly . order that sent them to Washington. eclipsed all her previous efforts in the He believed it was an order of Provi¬ [way of extending a welcome. The pro¬ dence; their mission was to make Wash¬ cession ’countermarched on Market V ington, and as Pennsylvanians they de¬ (Street, and the escort halted while the termined to make that city. Ten miles from Baltimore they were warned of the 'guests of honor filed into the court mob and they held a meeting in the car house. and determined to go to Washington, no The large court room was handsomely matter what it cost. The proud statue decorated for the occasion. The De¬ of Liberty over the dome of the Capitol, fenders found awaiting them Governor if she could speak, would proudly pro¬ Hastings and Mayor Patterson, who claim that the first to the nation’s de¬ were to welcome them to the city and fense were the five companies from Penn¬ State. As they entered the room they sylvania. In closing he returned the were met with hearty applause from the . hearty thanks of his comrades. icitizens present. Mayor Patterson call¬ The announcement was made that the ed the meeting to order and said that business meeting of the association while thirty-three years have passed the would be held on the afternoon of the deeds of the first defenders are sweeet in 18th in Washington and the meeting came the memories of the people. “You were the to a close. The veterans then marched first of the great army to go forth,” he to the Bolton House, the headquarters, said, “and your highest hopes have been [ where they partook of supper. realized in seeeing a united country with At 8.30 this evening, headed by their one flag on land and sea. I welcome you , band, the Defenders marched to the Ex¬ in the name of the people of Harrisburg, ecutive Mansion, where they were ac¬ land trust your trip will be full of pleas- corded a reception by Governor and rare, recalling the time when you and Mrs. Hastings. The parlor and hallway jyour comrades marched to the defense were decorated -with roses and lilies, and of the nation’s capital." He then intro¬ the American colors were profusely dis¬ duced Governor D. H. Hastings, who played. Tl^e Governor and Mr3. Hast¬ was greeted with applause. ings were assisted in receiving by Sec¬ ; The Govenror said: “If there shall be retary of the Commonwealth and Mrs. no other one event in my term as Gov- Frank Reeder, Mayor J. D. Patterson , ernor, I shall be satisfied that I have and Miss Patterson, Mrs. R. J. Halde- ’ had the pleasure and the honor to wel¬ man and Mr. Lewis F. Beitler. Captain come the First Defenders. Here is an George G. Boyer, the president of the assemblage such as was never before , First Defenders, acted as master of witnessed in this country. There are no ceremonies, and presented his old com¬ other survivors of military organiza¬ rades by name. There were about 250 tions who have the honor of being First present. Defenders. This is one of the most im¬ Refreshments were served at small pressive spectacles I have ever seen. tables in the dining room, which was You were welcomed here by .old soldiers, beautifully banked with cut flowers. It national guardsmen and the small sol¬ was one of the most enjoyable informal diers, the past, present and future of affairs ever given in the Executive Man¬ the citizen soldiership that saved our sion, and the veterans were loud in Union. As you marched by I remarked their praise of the graceful and charm¬ among you men who held high rank ing way in which they were received by In the army, to-day you marched in the Governor and his wife: J place without any rank. I saw the be¬ To-morrow morning at 9.30 the De¬ loved Gregg (cheers) and ethers well fenders will leave for Baltimore, accom¬ known the world over. The proudest panied by Governor Hastings, Adjutant thing for a man to say is ‘I am a veter¬ General Stewart and others. an soldier.’ When you find a man with¬ out the metal button you find him with an excuse. He was too young or too old. He had to stay home to take care of the folks or he has to plead the baby act. An old soldier called on me to-day ( and said, ‘how do you do, young man.’ I told him that if I was a young man it was the proudest thing for me who could not join the army to welcome those who did. I will be proud to ac¬ company you to Baltimore to-morrow, \ rebellionsbellion mermerit. ‘ ' -— ! Whereas in Tsui, ui ihei rendezvous in ti ? r ns bury, they OUT TO GERMANTOWN. A ROMANCE OF THE WAR General Mulliolland, Department Commander Emsley and Colonel Edmund Randall See That a Com¬ rade Who Died in Battle Is Given Fitting Resting Plaee—Fonr Hun¬ dred More Bodies Will Follow. Three honored veterans stood around (in the snow storm in Machpelah Ceme¬ tery yesterday moVning and watched while the remains of a one-time com¬ rade, who had died under their eyes T atthe, were lifted up and made ' for shipment to the Soldiers’ THE REMAINS IDENTIFIED. ametery at Germantown. Yesterday, in company with Depart- Around the event is a most inter- 1 ment Commander Emsley, who was! also in the 116th, and Colonel Ed-' mund Randall, General Mulholland went down to see the coffin opened, and the remains made ready for ship¬ ment. The coffin was found in good condition, and the skull and clothing were well enough preserved to make identification positive. The army but¬ tons were taken from the coat and preserved by Colonel Randall. The re¬ mains will be buried with honors in the National Cemetery. The bodies of four hundred other soldiers rest in Machpelah Cemetery. Many of their graves are marked with government tombstones. Through the agency of General Mulholland these will all be taken to the National Cemetery at Germantown for re¬ interment. Lieutenant Montgomery. esting Story. The dead man was Lieutenant Robert B. Montgomery, of Company I, 110th Pennsylvania' Volunteers, of which General Mulhol- land, now Pension Agent, was then lieutenant-colonel. In marching out of the city the colonel was wounded and Mulholland took active command. When the regiment went gallantly in to the battle of Fredericksburg on December 13,. 1862, Lieutenant Mont- j gomery received his death wound. The ball, which entered his groin, j and crushed his bones in a terrible manner, struck him as he was leading W. R. Holloway, of Tltis City, Writes a charge across a frail bridge over the;, About tlie "War Governors. ! canal. As he was hit he toppled over!" To the Editor of the Boston Herald: into the water. His comrades pulled him out and he was sent to a hospital, Sbme friend has sent me a copy of the where he died a few days later. Heraid, containing a letter signed James -Vi. Clarke, in.which he criticises a state¬ BURIED WITH HONORS. ment made by a correspondent of the General Mulholland was wounded: Herald, to the effect that Governor Oliver soon after and was at his home in j P• Morton, of Indiana, and John A. An- j this city when the body of Lieutenant drew, of Massachusetts, were the war j Montgomery was sent on here for Governors "par excellence.” burial. The funeral was held on Sun¬ Mr. Clarke’s card does not furnish evi¬ day, December 28, 1863. On the oc- i dence of his right to sit in judgment on j casion the crowds on the streets were the war Governors, but shows a lamenta¬ immense. The young Lieutenant was ble want of information concerning the j interred with full military honors, history of that period. Captain R,ockafellow’s command firing the salute. He puts Henry S. Lane, of Indiana, in Lieutenant Montgomery had few the list, when, in point of fact, that gen¬ friends here, as he was a Virginian tleman served but two days as Governor I by birth, and at one time a slave¬ of Indiana, viz.: January 14 and 15, 1861, | holder. On the outbreak of the war, having been elected United Stares Senator however, he had abandoned every¬ two days after his inauguration as Gov¬ thing and joined the Union army. He ernor, and this was three months before had several brothers in the Confeder¬ the first gun was fired on Sumter. ate army. He further says: ”1 think Morton be¬ When the removal of the bodies from came Governor (instead of acting Gov¬ Machpelah Cemetery was begun Gen¬ ernor) of Indiana in the same year Sey¬ eral Mulholland thought of these mour succeeded Morgan in New York.” events of thirty years ago, and de¬ Now, Morton became Governor January i termined to see that the body- of •5, 1861, and served until March, :867, hav¬ the brave soldier was fittingly cared ing been re-elected in 1864 by over 20,000 | for. He hunted up the records of majority. the cemetery, but in them he could not Mr. Clarke was also in error in his state- ( find any trace of the Lieutenant’s in¬ ment that David Tod "was elected Gov¬ terment. But the General protested that the body was there, and went on ernor of Ohio contemporaneously with | to point out the grave. The owner of President Lincoln.” Mr. Clarke ignored the lot was hunted up and the Gen¬ William Dennison, who was Ohio’s first eral’s memory was found to be cor- r*THjp»yr l ,|for Gove Governor. 'David TqcF In an interview with rfie about the 20th in. 1862, and served but two years, and of Janua/y, 1864, In speaking of Governor was succeeded by John Brougn, in 1864. Morton, H’resident Lincoln said: “If 1 Mr. Clarke further says: ‘The war jshould fe asked to name the one man Governors whom Mr. Lincoln consulted above .-ill others s^ho has rendered the . more than any other was Governor Cur- greate/c service to the Government in her ham- of need, under the greateat dil'- i tin, and after him Governor Morgan.” j ficultifs and embarrassments, 1 should Governors Curtin and Morgan rendered name! Governor Morton without hesita- I valuable services to the Government, and tion.’Y did their whole duty. They deserved to Mr. Frank Carpenter, the artist who be consulted, not only about affairs that painted the historical picture of Mr. Lin- affected' their own States, but the policy ! coin and his Cabinet, called “Signing of the administration and the conduct of 1 the Emancipation Proclamation,” in one . of bis series of letters to the New-York the war, and I seriously doubt if they Independent, under the head, “Six Months were so consulted, except as such matters in the White House,” states that he en- were brought up during their visits to ! tered Mr. Lincoln’s room immediately Washington. : after the interview just referred to, and The fact was, Mr. Lincoln did not con¬ quotes President Lincoln as repeating the sult with the war Governors as frequent- j same statement to him. | ly as they thought he should about the In conclusion, I desire to quote one other authority as to Governor Morton’s ef¬ i conduct of the war or the policy of the ficiency, and the right of his friends to I administration. Of course, he consulted claim for him a place in the front rank them freely regarding such busi¬ of war Governors. ness as affectfed their States, but in mat¬ Just before Governor Morton sailed for ters pertaining- to the conduct of the war, Europe, in the fall of 1S85, the Hon S. P. such as its more vigorous prosecution, Chase, then chief justice of the Supreme the removal of such commanders as Mc- Court of the United States, wrote him a , Clellan, Buell et al., the enlistment of letter stating that in. a conversation with colored soldiers and the emancipation of Secretary Stanton the night before “we, the slaves, the war Governors urged ac¬ naturally turning- our minds, to the past, tion with a good deal of persistency, and, fell to talking of you. We agreed that no as is well known,,. Mr. Lincoln was slow Governor rendered such services, or dis¬ to act. played such courage or more ability in. ad¬ It was not necessary that Mr. Lincoln ministration; and we agreed that your re¬ should send for the war Governors to cent services were most meritorious of , visit Washington, or to write them all, because rendered under circumstances upon questions of public policy, as there of greater personal risk of health and life/ I and which would have been by almost any Is not one of their number that did not man regarded, and by ail accepted, as I visit Washington frequently. good reason for total inaction. I have I do not remember ever to have been seldom heard Stanton express himself so in Washington at any time during the earnestly.” war when there was not from one to I could quote columns of similar com¬ four war Governors in that city on mendations from Generals Grant, Sher¬ business with the Government, and there man and other prominent officers of the was not a month during the entire war army who were familiar with the services when one or more war Governors did not rendered by Governor Morton to his State, telegraph Governor Morton, asking him if . and the nation, but the above should suf¬ he could not meet him, and often others, fice. jin Washington, or at some convenient It should be remembered that when the I point, within a few days to urge some war broke out Indiana was without the j line of policy, or obtain the consent of shadow of a military organization, or i the authorities to change or modify some arms of any kind, and had a depleted ! order to make it more practical, and thus treasury, while the other States, especially facilitate recruiting, or to propose some those east of Indiana, had efficient mili¬ | such proposition as the one to raise 100,- tary organizations with plenty of money I 000 hundred-day men in the spring of 1864, to their credit and a united people at their j to relieve the veteran troops who were backs ready to aid them-In their, efforts I guarding railroads, depots of public storea to support the government, while in In¬ diana a large per cent, of the people were j and fortifications in the rear of the ad- in sympathy with the South. j vancing armies in order that our generals In determining the amount of credit due j might avail themselves of the services of t,b States and the war Governors for aid I the veterans engaged in that duty. That, ) endered the United States, these things j as well as many of the most important are important. W. R. HOLLOWAY. propositions to raise troops, came from Indianapolis, June 14, 1895. the war Governors. I was Governor Morton’s private secre¬ War Governors. tary, and enjoyed a personal acquaintance Cincinnati Tribune. with Governors Andrew, Curtin, Mor- | gan, Dennison, To’d," Brough, Yates, Colonel Holloway, who was Governor j Stone, Kirkwood and Blair. I visited ' Morton’s private secretary, wrote a let- ] most of these Governors several times |ter to the Boston Herald, not to defend 1 for Governor Morton on confidential mis- ^Governor Morton, but to 'Show what an ; sions, and met them frequently at Wash¬ important aid the Governor was to Lin¬ ington and at other places, when we ex¬ coln in the dark and troublous days. About changed confidences without reserve. j Colonel Holloway’s communication the I am familiar with their efforts to sup¬ Herald generously and justly says: port the Government during that critical He clearly proves the importance of ! period in its history. No more earnest or Governor Morton as a factor in the loyal patriotic men ever lived, and I am satis- i fied that each and every one of their nura- contest, and the high estimation in which j her did all that it was possible for him to, he was held by President Lincoln and I do under the circumstances; but when Mr. Secretary Stanton. His position, is shown Clarke places all of the other war Gov¬ to have been the most difficult of that of ernors above Governor Morton in point of any of the war Governors and the value efficiency, I beg to submit some testi¬ of his services is not overestimated. We mony upon that subject. j have been disposed to regard the ability 1 knew President Lincoln personally displayed by him as unexcelled in any and well. I visited him a great many | quarter. Governor Andrew was aiso a times on official and confidential business . ' war Gflv'Jrnor, j6ui?"fiii ct_,-v one of the two men who, in the Re¬ bl aii] furnished him by the loyal publican National Convention of 1S HOW A PLEASURE EXCURSION ON LAKE HICHIQAN MADE LINCOLN PRESIDENT. Instances of Lincoln’s Supreme Wisdom and Foresight—Always Equal to the Emergency—Influence of the October States in the Presidential Elections From the Very First—Work Done by Governor Curtin and Governor Lane to Make Lincoln’s Nomination Sure. (Copyright, 1S05, by S. S. McClure, Limited.) O MAN exerted a more decisive ber’would have an incalculable effect N influence upon the public ca¬ upon the November contest. Upon reer of Abraham Lincoln, or the other hand, weighted with a weak [. during the trying and critical Presidential candidate, both Mr. Lane: days of his administration and myself would probably fail of an; showed his confidence in larger meas¬ election, and our defeat would reacil ure than did Andrew Gregg Curtin, most disastrously upon the national! the great war Governor of Pennsyl¬ ticket. vania, who died in 18i>4. For these rea- “Before the assembling of the Na¬ | sons Governor Curtin’s recollections of tional ,Convention, called to meet ini f Mr. Lincoln, with which in his latter Chicago, on May lli, I860, all indi- '■ | days be was wont to delight his cations seemed to point to the nomina- ; 1 friends, had more than ordinary value tion of Senator Seward, of New York. j j and interest. He never found leisure His great abilities, his exalted char¬ j to put them on paper, but the follow- acter and his long and conspicuous Ij | ing is the result of several lengthy in- public services easily placed him in | tervlews which I had with him in the the lead of all the other candidates | winter of 1888, and as they later re¬ and caused a demand for his nomina¬ ceived the benefit of his revision and tion from the majority of his party, j i correction, can be accepted as accur- Despite these facts and though not a I ate and authentic. delegate. I went to Chicago resolved | “Governor,” said I, at the outset, “it to do all in my power to prevent the , : is a matter of record that you were nomination of Mr. Seward. I had no ] personal bias in the matter, for at that October by handsome majorities, but j time I had never met either Mr. Sew¬ that if Mr. Seward was nominated our) ard or Mr. Lincoln, who had been defeat was almost certain. These in- ! formally put forward as acandidate by terviews produced a marked effect and the Republicans of Illinois a few weeks as one of the results of our labors, it before I knew, however, that in my was agreed among the Pennsylvania own State at least, a large part of delegates after giving a compliment¬ ; those who would support Bell and ary vote for Simon Cameron on the Everett if Mr. Seward was nominated first ballot, their entire strength on would, under other circumstances, subsequent ballots should go to Mr. i come to us. Therefore, my sole oppo¬ Lincoln. The first ballot showed 1i3 sition to Mr. Seward was based upon 1-2 votes for Seward. 102 for Lincoln, his want of strength in Pennsylvania 50 1-2 for Cameron, 4!) for Chase, and as the natural and logical result of 48 for Bates. On the second ballot, as defeat in that State in October would had been previously arranged, the have been a national defeat in No- Pennsylvania delegation changed from vember. On my way to Chicago I Cameron to Lincoln, which caused an rode for some distance with Henry D. Immediate and fatal break in the lines Foster, my Democratic opponent in [ of the Seward men. Before the bal¬ the Gubernatorial campaign. Though lot closed the Vermont and New Jer¬ rivals in politics, we were otherwise sey delegates, among whom we had warm friends, and the conversation done effective work the night before, I I had with him was a lengthy one. I deserted Seward for Lincoln and the asked what he thought of political i announcement of the vote showed outlook and he replied that if Mr. 184% votes for Seward and 181 for Seward was made the Republican Lincoln. Changes to Lincoln followed Presidential nominee, as he seemed each other in rapid succession during confident he would be, Democratic the progress of the third ballot, and success was certain in the State cam¬ before it was ended Lincoln had 2,»1% paign. I then asked Mr. Foster if jv-otes. 2J33 being required to nominate. he thought he could be elected if some Then Garier swung four votes from oth-r man was nominated for Presi¬ the Ohio delegation to Lincoln, assur- dent by the Republicans. His reply ; ing his nomination, and before ihe was that such a contingency would i ballot closed 354 out of the 44(i dele- make the State contest a ciose and j gates had declared in his favor. Weed, doubtful one and he could not predict Evarts and Raymond, the Seward : its outcome. This conversation leaders, who, until the last, had been strengthened my previous conviction . confident of the nomination of their that the nomination of Mr. Seward favorite, were amazed and dum- would be suicidal. founded at the result. But Mr. Ev¬ LINCOLN’S NOMINATION. arts promptly moved that Lincoln’s nomination should be made unani¬ “Among the first gentlemen I met ‘ mous, and with ihe enthusiasm that after my arrival in Chicago was Henry usually attends a motion of this kind, S. Lane, the Republican candidate for the motion was carried. In Pennsyl¬ Governor of Indiana. I told him what vania Mr. Lincoln secured half of the were my fears as to the consequences i Democratic faction upon which the that would follow the nomination of Bell and Everett leaders had confi¬ Mr. Seward and he replied that the !; dently relied, and his nomination choice of the New York Senator as a proved, as I had all along believed candidate would prove equally fatal that it would, the very strongest that to Republicans in Indiana, and that could have been made.” the delegation from that State would vote solidly for Mr. Lincoln as long LINCOLN’S JOURNEY FROM HAH- i ag there was hope of his nomination. RISBURG. Together we visited the delegates as ! “When did you first meet Mr. Lin¬ they arrived, and advised them as to coln. Governor?” what, in our opinion, was the wisest “President Lincoln on his way to course to follow. However, we found Washington to take office arrived in the majority of them inclined to sup¬ Harrisburg on February 22, 1861, and port’ Mr. Seward, and when the con¬ it was then that I met him for the first vention met on Wednesday it was time. He addressed the State Legis¬ plain to be seen that he was the fa¬ lature in the afternoon, and later held vorite. An adjournment was taken a public reception. After the recep- over night, but on Thursday the situa¬ * tion a private conference was held in tion had changed but little, and had the parlor of the hotel, at which the the convention proceeded to ballot on Presidential party was stopping. There that day Mr. Seward would have been were present, besides Mr. Lincoln,Nor¬ nominated beyond the question of a man B. Judd, Ward H. Lamori, JDavid doubt. Fortunately for those of Us Davis, Colonel E. V. Sumner and one I who opposed his nomination, the busi- or two.,more of those who were travel¬ !j ness men of Chicago had tendered ing with the President-elect. Mr. Judd the delegates a ride on the lake. The told us that from tw odifferent sources temptation to enjoy the excursion —Allen Pinkerton, in the first, and a I proved stronger than the desire to party of New York detectives in the j ballot, and this, coupled with some second instance—Information had been ! I delay in the delivery of the balloka, received of a plot to assassinate Mr. the cause of which I have now for¬ Lincoln during his passage through gotten, postponed the voting until Baltimore, and, to guard against dan¬ Friday. ger, it had been arranged that he “Thursday night Colonel Lane and I should return on a special train to | i again saw all the State delegations j Philadelphia that evening and take the | and told the delegates that with Mr. night express on the Philadelphia, Wil- ; Lincoln as the candidate we could | mington and Baltimore Railroad, thus 1 carry Indiana^ and Pennsylvania in ujirowing the conspirators, who expect- • . 7.. : / i _ President asked me to make'-tne dec- p(l him to go to Washington over the laration he had in mind, I at once Northern Central Railroad, off the accepted the responsibility. I return¬ scent. Encouraged by Mr. Lincoln’s ed to Harrisburg on Monday morning, cool and collected bearing, I at first determined to send a message to the opposed the idea of a secret journey, Legislature that day, but some of my advising the President-elect to travel friends urged me to postpone action by daylight, volunteering to go with for the time being, and I finally yield¬ him in person. But when full and con¬ ed to their advice. Tuesday morning, vincing proof of the plot was laid be¬ however, brought a messenger from fore us by Mr. Judd, knowing that the the President with this note: ‘I see assassination of the head of the gov¬ you did nothing yesterday. I think ernment would bring national ruin, I if your action is to have any value instantly changed my mind and join¬ you ought to come out without delay ’ ed in devising means to secure his Upon receipt of this message I resolv¬ safety. In the evening a public din¬ ed to act forthwith, and before noon, ner was given the President-elect, and sent to the Legislature a message in at its close I invited him to go and which, in the strongest terms at mv spend the night at my house. He ac¬ command, I placed before the people cepted the invitation, and to allay sus¬ the doctrine that no State or combina¬ picion all the members of his party tion of States could voluntarily secede except Colonel Lamon were left be¬ from the Union, nor absolve them¬ hind at the hotel. We were at once selves from their obligations; that driven in a closed carriage to the out¬ the preservation of the Union was the skirts of the city, where a special train, j first thing to be considered and that consisting of an engine, tender and I to secure it, too great sacrifice could passenger car, was standing. I stood not be made. Events showed that on the street crossing until I saw Mr. I this message, as suggested and urged Lincoln and Colonel Lamon enter the by Mr. Lincoln, could not have been car, then went home. The wires be¬ better timed. A bill was at once in¬ tween Harrisburg and V^ashington troduced in the lower house of the and between the former city and Phil¬ Legislature giving me power to raise adelphia had already been cut to pre¬ and equip troops, and appropriating vent any news of his movements' get¬ half a million dollars for the purpose. ting abroad, and, with Colonel Lamon Startled at this proof of firmness of as his only companion, Mr. Lincoln purpose of the friends of the Union started on the journey to the capital. Early the next morning we received the members of the Legislature who word that the trip had been made in leaned to disloyalty joined hands in safety and that Mr. Lincoln was in a desperate attempt to prevent the Washington.” passage of the bill. Their efforts, how¬ ‘‘What were your first impressions ever, were in vain, and forty-eight of Mr. Lincoln?” I asked. hours after its introduction the bill ‘‘Mr. Lincoln,” said the Governor, was a law. After it had passed “when I first met him, did not impress the House, and was on its final pas¬ me as being a great man. His great¬ sage in the Senate, news of the firing on Fort Sumter was read from the ness was then in a measure, still clerk’s desk, silencing, for once and all, dormant. The war developed and the enemies of the bill. I made prompt brought out the latent qualities of use of the authority granted me, and leadership within him that would when the President issued his call never have become manifest, save un¬ for 75,000 men for 100 days, the Penn¬ der such trying conditions. As a judge sylvania soldiery were the first to of men, and as a gauger of public reach the imperiled capital. From that opinion, and sentiment, he was alrrOst time until the close of the war, I was infallible. His gifts in this respect one of those Mr. Lincoln called into were truly marvelous, and have never, counsel in every critical emergency.” to my knowledge, been equaled. Ev¬ “It was one of the shining traits of ery time that I met him, and for Mr. Lincoln’s greatness,” Governor four years I was with him almost Curtin “continued, "That no new de¬ weekly, I was more and more impres¬ mand, however delicate or trying, ever sed with the grandeur of his character found him unequal to it. His action brought into strong relief as it was by in 18G2, when the first army draft was the lights and shadows of the war. made in Pennsylvania, was a striking AN IMPORTANT CONFERENCE. case in point. Volunteers no longer “Soon after Mr. Lincoln’s inaugura¬ coming forward to fill up our depleted tion I received a message from him armies, and there being no national requesting me to come to Washing¬ | conscription law, a draft under the ton without delay, as he wished to ' State law became necessary to fill a confer with me. I went and found I requisition made upon Pennsylvania for troops. There wras instant and the President desirous that some of pressing need for re-enforcements, and the Northern States should take ac¬ the draft under the State laws was, tion recognizing that civil war ex¬ therefore, executed with all possible isted. Monthp before, from trusted speed. Within sixty days seventeen special agents whom I had sent regiments were organized and sent to through the South, I had learned that the front. Opposition to the draft the leaders were planning to set up an was shown only in a few sections, but independent confederation of States, in one place, Cass township, Schuyl¬ and I had also recognized that Penn¬ kill county, open revolt against it was sylvania, lying on the border of the threatened. Cass towmship wras a battle ground of the war, certain to Mollie Maguire centre, and infested follow such an attempt, would be with a lav/less and criminal element. especially subject to danger and to all Thirteen murders had been committed the evils growing out of a great mili¬ in this district in the short space of tary struggle. Therefore, when the five years, and not a single conviction camo and no reply had been receiveu had followed. The secret org'aniza- from Mr. Lincoln. The following morn¬ ! tion which prompted these crimes set ing, however, brought to Harrisburg the Federal as well as State author¬ General Townsend, of the United Stutes ity at defiance, and it was only with Army, with this verbal message from j extreme difficulty that the draft was the President: 'I am anxious that the made in the township. Worse still, laws should be fully executed, but it when the time came for the conscripts might be best in an extreme emergency to leave for Harrisburg, the bolder to be content, with the appearance of | ones not only refused to leave home executing them. Curtin and McClure themselves, but. gathered at the rail- will know best what to do.’ With this j road station and by' force prevented hint from the President a course of ac¬ the others from doing so. The emer- tion was instantly decided upon. The j gency was a critical one, and called commissioner of. draft for Schuylkill i foj prompt and sagacious action. county was Benjamin Bannan, of Potts- I Without delay the facts were reported villo, a man fertile in resource, and of j| to Secretary Stanton. That official, resolute and upright character. Mr. ' with equal promptness, replied that Bannan was summoned to Harrisburg the draft must be enforced at all haz- and reached the Capital the same day. J ards, and instructed me to send two Mr. Lincoln’s message was made known regiments, which he placed at my dis- j to him and it was also explained to him posal, for the purpose, one being sta¬ that in many cases evidence had been tioned at the time at Philadelphia, presented, after the quotas had been ad- I and the other at Harrisburg, at once, justed and the draft ordered, to prove ] to the scene of revolt. I clearly real¬ that the quotas had been filled by vol- I ized the probable and perilous conse- unteers who had enlisted in some town or city outside of their townships; and , quences of a conflict between the sol- that in all such cases, where the evi¬ dence was conclusive, the order for the draft had been revoked. Only by the production of such evidence from Cass township, it was pointed out to Mr. Bannan, could the impending collision between the military and the citizens be avoided. He saw at a glance what was needed. He left at once for Potts- town and returned to Harrisburg the following evening, bringing with him a number of affidavits executed in prop¬ er form by citizens of Cass township, to the effect that their quota was en¬ tirely full. A critical examination of this testimony was not thought neces¬ sary, under the circumstances, and Col¬ onel McClure at once indorsed upon it that as the quota of Cass township had, been filled by volunteers, the draft was inoperative in that district, and its con¬ scripts would not be held to service. Meanwhile I had halted at Pottsville the regiments put in motion by Stanton, and now that on their face the laws had been peacefully executed, they were ordered elsewhere. Stanton was never informed of the President’s interfer¬ ence in this affair, but I am fully per¬ suaded that had the Secretary been al¬ lowed to have his sway he would have inaugurated an internecine conflict in Pennsylvania that would have proved most disastrous to the loyal cause.” “Governor,” said I, “the conference of war Governors held at Altoona, Pa., in September, 18G2, has been a subject of frequent discussion. Is it true, as has often been stated, that the Presi¬ dent’s emancipation proclamation came as a surprise to these participating in j the conference?” Curtin, War Governor of "Most emphatically no,” was the re¬ Pennsylvania. ply. "As a matter of fact there was a full and complete agreement between j Mr. Lincoln and the gentlemen who took diery and citizens, and therefore tel¬ part in the Altoona conference. That egraphed a more detailed account of conference had its inception in a dispatch the situation to Mr. Stanton, urging which I sent to Governor Andrew, of » him to give the subject further and Massachusetts, early in September, 1SG2, more careful consideration. He re¬ telling him that in my opinion the time plied as before, that the law must be had come to give the war a definite aim and end, and that it seemed to me that enforced, and ordered the two regi¬ the Governors of the loyal States should ments to move at once. The soldiery take prompt, united and decided action in compliance with this order, reached in the matter. Governor Andrew replied Pottsville the following day. that he shared the same views, and a “I felt that a conflict between the mil¬ voluminous correspondence between us itary and citizens must be averted if and the Governors of the Northern possible, and so directed Colonel A. K. States followed. After this Governor Andrew and I went to see the President. McClure, who had charge of the draft, He told us that he was preparing a proc¬ , to telegraph the President in cipher, lamation emancipating the slaves, and [ asking him to give the matter immedi- asked us if it would not be advisable for iate and careful consideration. This mes¬ him to wait until he had requested him sage was dispatched early in the day to act before issuing it. We told him mud our anxiety was keen when night that by all means he should issue it first and we would at once follow it up with a strong address of commendation and Tlie Facts of tlie Construction. support. As a result of our Interview with the President it was agreed that i The words "original builder” in the para¬ the course Andrew and I proposed should ! graph quoted seems to imply that Mr. Hart be followed. With that understanding was the designer of the frigate, and that the conference met at Altoona September 24, 18(52. Though the President’s procla¬ therefore ;ts successful career was due lo mation had already appeared, we found him. This is not a fact, for the success of several of the Governors hesitating and doubtful. However, the majority fa¬ the constitution, as well as all of the old vored unswerving support of the Presi¬ frigates, was due to the talents of Mr. dent, and after a conference of several Joshua Humphreys of Philadelphia, the hours Andrew and I were selected to designer and architect of the American draft the address. Governor Andrew navy. The molds and instructions for the wrote it that evening. I sitting bv his side and making suggestions and changes' building of the frigate Constitution were ns he went along. When it was finished sent by Mr. Humphreys to Mr. Henry he arose and walked the floor nervously. Jackson, the navy agent at Boston, Mass., Both of us felt keenly the weight of the ;and she was there constructed. tremendous results that would follow our In a letter from Mrs. R. H. Humphreys, action; and I look back with pride and widow of Maj. Gen. and Chief of Engineers pleasure to the fact that I was the first A. A. Humpherys,recently addressed to The to sign the address. Governor Andrew Star,she states that Joshua Humphreys was signed next and the others an hour or so appointed chief naval constructor by Gen. later. The following afternoon, having, Washington, and copies of letters in refer¬ gone from Altoona to Washington for the purpose, we presented our address to ence to these frigates from Gen. Knox, the President. We feared at the time j then Secretary of War, and acting as Sec- tha. the bold stand we had taken would • retary of the Navy, there being at that cost us one election, but subsequent j time no Secretary of the Navy, are in the events showed that the President lm'J > possession of the _ late Gen. A. A. Hum¬ rr-V v ~ ^ c • . V. v < i ■ T. < ' ’• > v -f** - phrey's family. A model of some size of the frigate Constitution in wood cut by Joshua A. Humphreys’ own hands was sent to Charles Plumphreys of Philadelphia, a son of Joshua Humphreys, from the navy yard at Philadelphia, at the time of its dis¬ mantling, and is now at the old homestead of Joshua Humpherys in Haverford town4 ship, Delaware county. Pa. Date OLD IRONSIDES Josliua Humplr s Designed the Famous Frigate Constitution. Interesting’ Facts of Valne to tlie Early History of tlie Ameri¬ can Navy. Some time ago The Star reprinted from the Lewiston, Me., Journal, an article de¬ scriptive of the venerable old frigate Con¬ stitution of glorious memory, which now lies stark and gaunt at the dock in the al¬ most deserted navy yard at ICittery, Me. The article contained a paragraph reading as follows: "Of the original ship only a small section of the deck and a few iron stanchions re¬ From, ? r \j main, but she was rebuilt much upon her original lines in 1848 and 1876, first by the son and again by the grandson of Hart, . her original builder, so that she is prac¬ tically the same ship which outsailed Ad¬ miral Brook’s squadron and outfought everything at which she backed her top¬ Date, (S:‘l & <' '■/-< sails.” Historical Boats At League Island ELEVEN FAHOUS MONITORS WHICH WENT THROUGH THE CIVIL WAR. They Show Marks of Many Battles and Seeing. —,H. Some time ago Secretary of the Navy without delay to League Island Navy Yard, there to be repaired and kept in condition to await further orders. In pursuance of this order, for some time these famous relics of the rebel- T w \ w A war, the whole iroh-ciau lion have been gradually arriving at was laid up in the waters of the j League Island, until at the present Delaware, and presented at that time, time there are eleven anchored in the before our modern iron-clads and dyn¬ Delaware River, namely, the Nahant, • amite cruisers, which have to a de¬ Ajax, Jason, Catskill, Lehigh, Mon- gree superseded these old ships, had tauk, Canonicus, Mahopac, Manhat¬ been thought of, an imposing spectacle, tan, Miantonomoh and Vesuvius. which was regarded by^all who viewed If the present indications of peace it as a marvelous creation. count for anything, the chances are Anyone at all familiar with the his¬ greatly in favor of these old monitors tory of the late war will remember remaining in calm and peaceful quiet the great stir and surprise that John at the League Island Navy Yard un¬ Ericsson’s novel naval invention, til they fall apart from sheer old age; known as the Monitor, created in no one can tell, however, how soon Hampton Roads, Va., on March 9, they might be required for active ser¬ 1862, when she fought the powerful vice, and it is not the intention of the iron-clad frigate, Merrimao, for more government that they shall die before than three hours in the forenoon, and their day, as they are not to be dis¬ sent her back to Norfolk, Va., sinking. mantled. Following the success of the Monitor They will be in the hands of watch¬ in this fight, which was by the way ers on board each vessel who will see entirely unexpected by almost every¬ that everything is kept, ship shape one except Ericsson, there swept upon aboard ship and that the monitors the Inventor of this ship a great tide will always be kept in such a condi¬ of congratulation and applause from tion that at a few hours’ call, they people who had been previously only could answer any summons they may lukewarm towards his novel naval in¬ get to serve immediately in the na¬ vention. tion’s defense. The ultimate success of the victory The arrival of these monitors at of the Monitor over the Merrimac was | League Island with orders to be perm¬ a most important one, as it was the anently stationed here, recalls the in¬ real cause of the .Government decid¬ teresting and stirring war history, ing that armored vessels must super¬ connected with these curiously fash¬ sede wooden ones, in fact, the demand ioned ships, which an Englishman Sftrr armor clads immediately became once described as being something in Imperative, and by the 16th of March, appearance between a ship and a div¬ 1862, within one week from the en¬ ing bell. Many of them are battered counter in Hampton Roads, Ericsson in numerous places and show on their had received and accepted a proposi- ; turrets indentures made by the shot tion to construct six gun boats on the and shell of an infuriated enemy. plan of the Monitor, four were to lie This is the second time in times of j completed on or before the 31st of peace that a collection of the monitors July following, that is within a little I of the United States Navy has been over four months, and the remaining made here in Philadelphia, as at the two on or before the 31st of August. The.jyessels constructed under this or-, / THE HISTORIC FLEET AT ANCHOR OFF LEAGUE ISLAND NAVY YARD. I and displaced a far better gun than | pier were the Passaic, Montauk, Cats- her own with a fifteen-inch shell. In ' kill, Patapsco, Lehigh and the San- this fight she was struck twenty times gammon. Three of these monitors are and fired fifteen eleven inch shells and now at League Island. eleven fifteen inch shells. In the Ericsson had scarcely got these mon¬ operations of July 10 she was struck itors under way before orders were sixty times and though damaged con- j received by him for additional ships siderably. held her own to the end. of similar construction, and until ihe The enemy directed most of their close of the war the inventor was fire against the Catskill, and so rapid kept more than busy in his endea¬ was the firing from that monitor that vors to fill in an incredibly short an officer placing his hand against space of time orders for monitors to the turret was thrown down by the be used in the Government service. concussion. She fired 128 shots in this At Charleston in the attack on Fort fight and still came out in good con¬ Sumter, the Catskill and the Lehigh, dition. On July 19 she put to rout an together with the Weehauken, Nahant English steamer that attempted to and Patapsco, all did good service. pass into Charleston harbor, having In the first attack the Catskill ap- I proached withinjaf^vards <->f ths fort eluded the outside blockade, the Cats- kiH_drove the foreigner well up towards THE AJAX A^a £HE PIER COALING UP. she had been struck three times in Fort Moultrie and ran her into a snoai. almost exactly the same place. The Lehigh’s victories are those of Lying within a stone’s throw of the the Catskill, and her battered sides Lehigh, is the old Montauk, which was show that she has been a traget for struck 214 times during the war, and the enemy, one SDOt showing where SLIGHT REPAIRS. plainly shows by her battered and bent appearance, the experiences she has been through. The Montauk is memorable chiefly, however, because she carried the body of John Wilkes Booth and the other conspirators in the murder of Presi¬ dent Lincoln, down the Potomac River and kept them out of the reach of an infuriated mob in Washington, it was on board of her that the post mortem of the President’s assassin was held. In the attack at Mobile Bay, it was left for the monitor Manhattan to give the finishing stroke with her fif¬ teen inch gun to the Confederate iron clad ram Tennessee, after Farragut had engaged her at close quarters with all of his wooden vessels, and three of them had rammed her with more injury to themselves than to their adversary. The Tennessee is described as the most formidable vessel of her class that ever carried a Confederate flag, and yet she was helpless under the guns of the Manhattan. Describing the attack of the Man¬ hattan on the Tennessee, an officer of the latter vessel writes as follows: “A hideous looking monster came creeping slowly up to our port side, whose revolving turret revealed the cavernous depths of a Monmouth gun, ‘Stand clear of the port side,’I shouted, a moment after a thunderous report shook us, while a bJast__of dense sul- 7 s ia civilian soldier, was given command or phurous smoke covered our port holes I the army. and four hundred and forty pounds ; Previous to the adoption of the Constitu¬ of iron impelled by sixty pounds ol tion and the establishment of a permanent powder admitted daylight to our port government of the United States George side, where before it struck us there Washington was Commander-in-Chief of the had been over two feet of solid wood ! Continental Army, with the rank of general covered with five inches of solid iron. by act of the Continental Congress June 15, “The Tennessee could drive shot 1773. When Washington resigned. Decem¬ after shot and shell after shell through ber 23, 1783, Major General Henry Knox, the sides of the wooden ships, but the I who was serving at West 1’oint, became the solid projectiles through her eight I senior officer of the few remaining troops inch rifles were impotent against the iron clad, whose gunners from their of the Continental Army, but never received • places of safety and advantage in the designation as commander-in-chief. the shot proof turrets, could aim and fire Congress, on June 2, 17S4, passed a .esolu- with the coolness and security of par¬ tion disbanding the army, leaving only a ticipants in an artillery target match.” small artillery company of twenty-five men Regarding the other monitors at at West Point. By this resolution General Reague Island, it may be said that j Knox was mustered out of service. Captain they all did valiant service and were t John Doughty, who commanded the artil¬ successful in the greater number of lery at West Point, was then the senior of- engagements in which they engaged. k ; fleer of our army. The Congress passed a The Mlantonomoh, one of the latest resolution thanking Captain poughty for his monitors constructed, is perhaps the | services, and allowing him the pay and best pattern of these boats. In 1866 1 emoluments of a major of artillery. Thus, she crossed the Atlantic Ocean and at¬ j at one time, a captain was the senior officer j tracted a great amount of attention at | of our army. On June 3, 1784, a Congres¬ all the ports of Europe that she vis¬ sional resolution was passed directing the \ ited. At Portsmouth and in the maintenance of a regiment of eight com- j Thames she was visited by the Prince panies of 700 men as the standing army, j of Wales, the Duke of Edinburgh, the “for securing and protecting the Northwest- | Lords of the Admiralty and other ern frontiers of the United States. Josiah j high officials, who at first came to Harmar was appointed lieutenant colonel, : ridicule the latest Yankee wonder, but commanding the troops of this provisional , i went away in alarm at her powers. army, and remained in command until March j 4,1791. In the meantime a permanent govern- j ment was established; and_thus it \yas that j with the rank of lieutenant colonel, .Tosiah /h ■ Harmar became the senior commander of the first regular army of the United States. From,.^ CiUJ J.. From the date of the death of Lieutenant General George Washington, December 34, 1799, until Brigadier General Jacob Brown ..p£,l.r. assumed command June 1, 1821, there was no general officer in supreme command of the army, all orders being issued through the V/ar Department, “by command of the Date, _ President of the United States.” In those days all War Department formalities recog¬ nized in an official manner the fact that, under the Constitution, the President is OUR RMY’S vXEIENERAES s> \ THE COMMANDERS-IN-CFMEF OF THE UNITED STATES FORCES FROM GENERAL HARMAR TO GENERAL MILES AND THEIR CAREERS. Since the achievement of independence by ■ commander-in-chief of the army'and navy. our forefathers, there have been eighteen That Constitutional fact is never lost sight senior generals commanding the army, Gen- j of in the official transactions of the War eral Nelson A. Miles completing that num- ! and Navy Departments, but formal refer¬ ber by his recent advancement. Twelve of ] ence to the fact is seldom made in regular these soldiers—General Miles being the i orders. twelfth—have been without Military Acad- ; The commander of the army in the order emy education. Six of the commanding offi¬ of their designation and duration of ser¬ cer's have been favored with early education vice, has been as follows: in military science, at West Point, and three Josiah Harmar, September 29, 1789, to of them have attained the full rank of gen- March 4, 1791. eral. The last commanding officer who at¬ Arthur St. Clair, March 4, 1(91, to March 5 179” tained the ranking position in the army from ’Anthony Wayne, March 5, 1792, to Decem¬ I civil life was Lieutenant General Winfield | ber 15, 1796. ' Scott, and all of his successors have been James Wilkinson, December lo, 1(96, to I West Pointers, until Major General Miles, July 13, 1798. r . v. & r-,. JOSIAH HARMAR The Gallant Officer of the Pennsylvania Line anl His Rise. Josiah Harmar, a Philadelphian, was the first commander of the Army of the Pnited .States, by designation of President Wash¬ ington. General Harruer was born in Phila¬ delphia in 1753 and breathed his last in the city of his birth on August 20, 1813, during the second war with Great Britain. He was incapacitated for participation in that war because of age and consequent, infirmi¬ ties; just as General Scott was incapaci¬ tated for service during the late civil war. General Harmar was educated in the Quaker school conducted by Robert Proud. In 1776 he entered the Continental Army as captain in the First Pennsylvania Infantry. In 1777 he was made lieutenant colonel of his regi¬ ment and served until the conclusion of the war for independence. In 1778, 1779 and 1780 he served with the army of Washing¬ ton. In 1781 and 1782 he was in the army of the South under command of General Nathaniel Greene. In 1783 he was made brevet colonel of the First United States Infantry. In 1784 he carried to France a I ratification of the definite treaty, and upou j 1 his return was mtjde Indian Agent for the Northwest Territory, and on January 20, 1785, concluded the treaty at Fort’McIntosh. His services were in constant demand by his country and his life was a busy one. In 1784 he was made lieutenant colouel in the United States Army; and in 1J87, by ; special act of Congress, he was brevetted I brigadier general. On March 4, 1791, When he turned over the command of the army to General St. Clair, he returned to Phila¬ delphia, and while there was appointed adjutant general of the Pennsylvania State Guard, and held that position until 1799. He brought the State Guard to a high state of efficiency and conducted the troops iu the Wayne and other Indian campaigns. His final retirement from active military life was caused by age and impaired health, his infirmities having been originally caused by his hard campaigning during the war of the Revolution. He was held in high esteem by Washington and the other great soldiers | of that day. ARTHUR ST. CLAIR MAJOR GENERAL ALEXANDER MACOMB. | i He Fought Burgeyne at Ticonderoga and Con¬ demned Andre. George WashTngtonT July Kirfi'O*. Yo De¬ cember 14, 1799. Arthur St. Clair, the next commander of Alexander Hamilton, December 15, 1799 the army, was born in Thurso, Caithness, to June 15. 1800. Scotland, in 1734, and died in Greensburg, uan-m27 }|j!,kiuson’ Jl,ne 15> 1800, to Jan- Pennsylvania, August 31, 1818. He was educated in the Edinburgh University. Hav¬ Henry Dearborn, January 27, 1S12. to June lo. 1815. ing a fortune by inheritance, he purchased an ensign's commission and served in the r'4Jai«08 Brown’ June 21’ 1815’ t0 February British army until 1762, when he resigned or'Heo;,ilnder Macornt)’ 29, 1828, to June and settled in the vicinity of Bedford. Penu- lo41. j sylvanla. where he purchased lands and , 'VYi"field Scott- July 5. 1841. to November 1, loOl. I built a home. He was descended froni the Earl of Roslyn. and was proud of his lin¬ George B. McClellan, November 1, 1861, to March 11, 1862. eage; but made many friends in the Cum¬ berland Valley. While in the British army 9 ^864y W' Halleck’ Ju'y 23, l862- to March he was engaged at Quebec under General I860 S‘ Grant’ Mareh !)' 1-864, to March 4, Wolfe. In 1775 he was made a colonel of militia and was influential in bringing about vember t ^herman- March 8- 1869- to No- a treaty of peace with the Western tribes of Indians at Fort PJtt. He accepted a Augum 5HislsfridaU’ November n’ MSS. to commission as colonel of the Second Penn¬ John M. Schofield, August 14, 1888, to sylvania Infantry, January- 2, 1776, and im¬ September 29. 1895. mediately entered actively in defense of his Nelson A. Miles, October 5, 1895. adopted country. He was with Washing¬ k ton at the battles of Trenton and Princeton ■ the years .1785-7 Tie was a delegate in Con- i t ,j gross, and in 1787 its President. In 178!) | |he made a treaty with Indians at Fort ' Harmer, and, when the Northwest Terri¬ tory was formed he was appointed Governor j of the Territory, aud held that position until 1802. Although Washington warned him, j I when bidding him good-bye. saying, "Be¬ ware of Indian surprises,” General St. Clair forgot the warning aud was surprised i in November, 1791, by Indians under Blue Jacket, Little Turtle, and the renegade Simon Girty. General Washington refused to appoint a court of inquiry, but St. Clair resigned his commission. A Congressional committee investigated the case and exon- i crated St. Clair. President Thomas Jefferson removed him from the position of Governor, and the worn- out old man spent the remainder of his life in pitiful poverty endeavoring in vain to se¬ cure a settlement of his claims against the Federal Government. In 1813 the Legisla¬ ture of Pennsylvania granted him an an¬ nuity of $400. but he did not live to enjoy it. Just before his death the Congress appro¬ priated $2,000 to pay in full all of his | claims, and granted him a pension of $60 per ! month. He was a patriot, and served his country well, but his military errors were costly and brought upon him much criticism reflecting upon his loyally, all of which was I'unnii. He was appointed" brigadier gen- , undeserved. j eral and major general, and in 1777 he was j appointed to succeed General Gates in com¬ ANTHONY WAYNE mand of Tieonderoga. He was defeated, by General Burgoyne and evacuated Ticonder- A Hero of Pennsylvania’s Share in the Great j oga; but he had less than 2.000 men while Revolution. Burgoyne had over 7,000. He was eourt- I martialed and acquitted, “with highest Anthony Wayne was born in Easttown, honor’’ by the court. He fought against the ■r Chester county. Pennsylvania, January 1, | Six Nations, arranged cartel at Amboy, and | j 1745, and died iii Presque Isle (now Erie), was selected to command light infantry |. December 15, 1796. He was an only son of a prosperous farmer, and was educated at the Philadelphia Academy. When he was : only 20 years of age, upon the recommenda- tion of Benjamin Franklin, he was sent to Nova Scotia as financial agent of a wealthy land association. In 1767 he was married, began farming for himself, held several local offices and was popularly known as an ener¬ getic, ambitious young man. In 1774 be began to agitate the subject of colonial indepeud- *enee, and was a deputy to the first conveu- mi tion in Philadelphia to consider the reia- ifeS tions between the colonies and Great I Britain. He was a member of the Legisla- 1 I ture qf Pennsylvania and a member of the I . * committee of safety in 1775. During all this time he was studying such military books as ] he could get hold of, and drilled his young neighbors, making quite a well-disciplined | company of soldiers ready for the Held. In : 1776 he went with his company to join Gen¬ eral Thomas, and at Three Rivers he at¬ tacked the British, but was wounded and de¬ feated. In 1777 he was commissioned brig- adier general, and served under Washington in New Jersey. He was held in high esteem by Washington after the battle of Brandy-- f wine, where Wayne successfully fought all 1 day long and prevented the passage of Chadd’s Ferry by the Hessians under Ivnyp- hausen. He was constantly engaged during ■■ the revolutionary war, and rendered excel¬ lent services in securing and forwarding ■ supplies to the suffering Americans at Val¬ ley Forge. For bis brilliant capture of Stony Point, Washington in Virginia, and was with him the Congress voted him a medal, and passed 1 when Lord Cornwallis surrendered at York- a resolution thanking him for his “brave, 1 town. In 1783 he was a member of the soldierly and prudent conduct in (lie capture ' Pennsylvania Council of Censors. During r A. I #; 3L £ - $ of^,Stony Point.” He wax :t hustling soldier, t always after the enemy, and Iiis best coun- ,3 mies. Ho then organized troops for a ca | terpart in military history is the late Stone¬ paign against the Indians of the Northwest wall Jackson, of tlie Confederacy. At Green Territory, and spent nearly a year in drill¬ Springs, on July 6, 1781, Wayne turned de¬ ing his men for Indian fighting. His pre¬ feat into victory in as brilliant a manner as decessors, Generals Planner and St. Clair, Sheridan turned the tide at Cedar Creek. had not been successful, and Wayne de¬ He aided in the capture of Cornwallis at termined to succeed. On August 20, 1793, Yorktown, and after the surrender he went with 1,000 men, he defeated the Indians on Maumee river at Fallen Timbers. He was South to join General Greene. But on. the given absolute power as sole Commissioner i way his command was surrounded by a body to treat with the Indians, and on August 3, 1795, he procured a treaty of peace with twelve tribes of Indians. While on his way from Detroit to Fort Duquesue, he died on Lake Brie, December 16, 1796. In 1809 his son caused his body to be removed Presque Isle to his native MAJOR GENERAL ARTHUR ST. CLAIR. of allied British soldiers and Indians. Wayne did not await their onset, but assumed the aggressive at once, attacked the enemy and cut his way through their lines. He cap¬ tured Charleston, S. C., and thus closed his GENERAL WILLIAM T. SHERMAN. military career in the war of the revolution. But his country had other services to de¬ mand at his hands. After his return to buried in Radnor Churchyard, where the Pennsylvania the rank of brevet major gen¬ Society of the Cincinnati erected a monu¬ eral was conferred upon him on October 10, ment, which was unveiled July 4, 1809. 1788. In the following year he was elected to the General Assembly of Pennsylvania JAMES WILKINSON from Chester county. He was a member of the convention which considered, perfected The Only Man Twice in Command of the Regular and ratified the Constitution of the United Army. States. As an expression of appreciation of Brigadier General James Wilkinson, who the military services of General Wayne, the was in supreme command of our army twic/ State of Georgia donated to him a large as the above list will show, was a gallai. tract of land, and he went there to reside. soldier, and so was Benedict Aronkl. It was | In 1787 he was a member of the State Con¬ the misfortune of Benedict Arnold to be stitutional Convention of Georgia. He was found guilty of treasbn to his country, | elected to the National House of Represen¬ but it was the good fortune of AVilkinson to tatives and served from October 21, 1791, to be at heart a traitor and yet to escape pun¬ March 21, 1792. One of the first contested ishment. He was an intimate friend of Ben¬ election cases ever considered by the House edict Arnold, and no better man—in fact, an of Representatives was the case of a contest inferior soldier. He was born at Benedict, for Wayne’s seat.. The House declared the Md., in 1757, and died near the City of Mex¬ seat vacant and ordered a new election. ico December 28, 1825. He served under Ar¬ President George Washington was angry nold in the Canadian campaign. In 1776 he with the conclusion and action of the House V was made chief of staff to General Horatio and upon his advice Wayne declined to run | Gates. Colonel John Hardin, of Kentucky, for Congress again. Two weeks later, on under cover of darkness, captured the Brit¬ April 3, 1792, President Washington nomi¬ ish outposts just before the battle of Sara¬ nated Anthony Wayne to be General-in¬ toga. He informed Wilkinson, and re¬ chief of the army, with the rank of major quested that General Gates be notified. Ma¬ general. jor AVilkinson very promptly notified. Gen¬ He was promptly confirmed, and a few eral Gates, but stated that he (AA’ilkinson) days later he, walked into the House of had captured the British pickets. AA'hon Representatives with his full uniform, and Burgoyne surrendered Genera! Gates made received the congratulations of his friends, Wilkinson the bearer of dispatches to Con¬ while he glowered triumphantly at his ene- gress^ with a recommendation that AA'ilkin- sou tie promoted to be a brigadier general for his gallantry in the campaign, whereas Colo¬ nel Hardin shoull have been made bearer of dispatches and been commended, for promo¬ tion. He was so elated with the successful result of his treachery to Colonel Hardin I that he spent eighteen days junketing on his I way to Philadelphia. By that time the dis- | ! patches were stale, but a proposal to pro- ; mote him and give him a sword was intro- ; duced, and would probably have been passed but for the caustic remark of Dr. John | Witherspoon, who said: “I think ye'd bet- | ter g’ie the lad a pair o’ spurs.” The allu¬ sion to his dilatory delivery of dispatches was sufficient to defeat the resolution. The Congress a few weeks later, however, made him a brevet brigadier general, and he imme¬ diately entered into the intrigue to betray George Washington and cause the elevation of JHoratio Gates to the chief command. It While drinking with Lord Stirling one even¬ ing Wilkinson gave away the secret work¬ ings of the Gates managers, and the treach¬ ery became generally known. A petition signed by forty-nine officers of his command , was sent to Congress praying that his brevet appointment be rescinded, and Wilkinson LIEUTENANT GENERAL GEORGE WASHINGTON. sent in his resignation without waiting for ! Congressional action. He retained his rank ' of colonel, but was not again engaged in the I war, save when he was clothier general for a brief period. At the conclusion of the war Wilkinson went to Lexington, Kentucky, and there LIEUTENANT GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT. GENERAL JOSIAH HARMAR. disbovered that the Mississippi river was doled to American commerce. He loaded a flajboat with produce in the spring of 17S7 anfl sent it down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, to New Orleans, while he went over¬ land to that city. His boat load of produce win seized and confiscated by the Spanish au horities, but Wilkinson secured its re- lea ie. He made au agreement with the Sp: nish Governor of Louisiana whereby he GENERAL U. S. GRANT. was to have unlimited trading permission on the Mississippi river and a pension of $° 000 per annum from the Spanish Govern¬ ment, in return for which concession and pension he was to betray his eounti^. The closure of the Mississippi river to I iaiia, lie betrayed Aaron J’irr with whtbrnlie eBnuftercC caused great disaffection in the | was co-operating for the establishment of a region west of the Alleghenies, because | Southwestern Empire. lie notified the gov- American commerce was unprofitable, tens j eminent that Burr was plotting treason. of thousands of dollars worth of produce rot¬ Burr asserted that Wilkinson was in the ting annually on the wharves. Wilkinson's conspiracy until he deemed it best to be¬ idea was to unify these disaffected elements, tray his fellow-conspirators. General Jack- erect a new republic which was to be in son believed that Wilkinson was its orig¬ inator. In 1811 Wilkinson was tried by court-martial for complicity in the con¬ spiracy, and with being in the pay of Spain, hut he was acquitted for lack of evidence. Eater on it was proved by correspondence with the Spanish Government that Wilkin¬ son had been In the pay of Spain up to the year 1800; but no evidence of later pension could be ascertained. At the close of tbe second war with Great Britain Wilkinson removed to Mexico, where he finally died. In the year 1798 serious differences arose between this government and the gokeru- ment of France and war seemed imminent. harmony with Spain, and have Spanish as- I sistance; and Wilkinson would be first pres- [ ideut of the republic. There was a worse | than Benedict Arnold. Thus two weak re- I publics would exist, neither one of them | dangerous to Spain. Ultimately Spain might 'quietly witness the destruction of the lie- public of Washington by Great Britain. Wilkinson succeeded in the preliminary work of organizing a convention which was to ( meet on July 28. 1T8S, for the purpose of making h constitution for Kentucky; and secession was to follow. But the Spanish President Adams recommended and the Con¬ Governor wanted the entire west to secede 1 gress authorized a provincial army. George at once,, and he made known his desire to Washington was quietly engaged in agricul¬ John Sevier, who was leader of the West¬ tural pursuits at Mount Vernou. President ern sett ers south of Kentucky. But Sevier Adams called him to the command of the rejected the corrupt proposals, sent a mes- army, saying, "There will be more efficacy j senger ijuickly to Isaac Shelby, and dis- in your name than in many an army.” All . closed tlje plot in time to thwart it. Shelby of his distinguished friends urged Washing- | resided At Danville. He immediately com- ton to come from his retirement and assume municailed with Tom Marshall and George command of the army. He- did so and on I Muter, patriotic Kentuckians, and the con¬ July 3, 1798, was commissioned lieutenant vention/ was saved from secession. Wilkin¬ general and "commander-in-chief of all the son continued his treasonable efforts for armies raised or to be raised in the United 8 some fflme, but without success.. In 1791 he States.” He entered upon the work of i applhd for reinstatement in the army, and organization with all his old-time enthu- * 1 * * * * * * 8 was appcihUed lieutenant colonel. Tom siasm and skill. He made Alexander Hamil¬ | Marshall recommended his appointment, ton his chief of staff and preparations for saying that Wilkinson as a civilian was dan¬ war were about completed when Washington gerous to the public quiet and safety of died, on December 14, 1799. Kentucky. Wilkinson served under General Wayne in tbe Northwest, but continued to ALEXANDER HAMILTON receive a pension from Spain until the year 18(X>. His intrigues with Spain encouraged The Great Statesman at the Head of Our Forces that government to hope for the success of the proposed Western republic, and t\vel\e for a Short Time. years of the horrors of frontier warfare are Alexander Hamilton, who succeeded to the chargeable largely to that treachery. He command of the army upon the death of was nevertheless placed in supreme com¬ Washington, was born on the Island of mand of the army upon the death of General Nevis, West Indies. January 11, 1757, but Wayne. toere is no authentic1 account of his paren- | In 1805, while_helwas Governor of Louis- ■ tage or lineage. .No matter whence he and was beginning the practice of Tiis pro¬ sprung, he was one of the great men and fession when the battle of Lexington oc¬ patriots of the early days of this Republic. curred. The young physician immediately He was only 17 years of age when he at¬ raised a company of sixty minute men, and tended a mass meeting of indignant citizens inside of twenty-four hours was on the way and electrified the assembled crowds by his to Cambridge. He was appointed a captain outburst of eloquence in behalf of colonial in Stark’s regiment, and was engaged in the rights. He became a publicist of patriotic battle of Bunker Hill. He fought: tiuder I pamphlets, which attracted wide attention Arnold at Quebec, was captured, exchanged, I and established his literary reputation at and immediately returned to his regiment. once. The war of the revolution began and He was engaged in a number of battles and young Hamilton was given command of an distinguished himself at the battles of Mon¬ artillery company by the New York conven¬ mouth and Saratoga. Ho also served with tion. Here he developed an aptitude for Washington and participated in the siege I military affairs which astounded old sol¬ of Yorktown and the capture of Lord Corn- [ diers. He trained, disciplined and drilled wallis. After the war he went to Mon¬ his men like a veteran drill master. For mouth, Maine, and began the practice of 1 gallantry in the battles of White Plains and. medicine. He was appointed United States Long Island Hamilton and his command re¬ Marshal for Maine, and was afterward ceived the commendation of General Greene, elected to the Third Congress as a repre¬ and Washington called the young artillerist sentative of Maine. President Jefferson ap¬ to a place on his staff. He continued in pointed him Secretary of War, and he held the service until the close of the war and that office for eight years. President Madi¬ commanded a storming party at Yorktown. son then appointed him Collector of the He continued to serve his country in civil Port of Boston, and he was occupying that life until General Washington called him to office when appointed to command the army his aid as inspector genral of the provincial in 1812, during the second war with Great army, which was raised when there was a Britain. In 1813, when he was 62 years old. prospect of a war with France. After the General Dearborn took the field and man¬ aged successful campaigns. He was a physi¬ cal giant and a magnificent looking soldier. He led Tils troops in person at Fort tieorge and at Toronto, where he won substantial I victories. He subsequently served as Min¬ ister to Portugal, and then returned to Rox- bury, Mass., where he remained until his death. He published several pamphlets con¬ cerning his experiences during the two wars with Great Britain, and his account of the- battle of Bunker Hill is regarded as a vivid piece of descriptive writing. JACOB BROWN A Brilliant Career Had the Hero of the Battle at Lundy’s Lane. Jacob Brown was born in Bucks county. Pa., May 0, 1775. He was a poor boy, the son of Quakers, and imbued with the hab¬ its of life characteristic of that peaceful people. He educated himself, taught school, became a surveyor, studied law. and went to New York to practice his profession. He secured the position of private secretary to Alexander Hamilton, and thus became inter¬ ested in military affairs. When he settled in Brownville, N. Y., he was soon appointed LIEUTENANT GENERAL JOHN M. SCHOFIELD. colonel of militia, and elected county Judge. In 1810 he was made brigadier general of militia, and in 1812, when the war began, death of Washington Hamilton was placed he was placed in command of the northern j in command of the army. His death at the frontier, extending from Lake St. Francis hands of Aaron Burr is one of the most to Oswego. He fought superior numbers pathetic stories ever told of real life. Ac¬ and won victories at Ogdensburg and Saek- cording to the custom of that age Hamilton ett's Harbor. He was victorious also at felt called upon to accept a challenge to Chippewa, captured Fort Eri»e, and defeated fight Burr a duel. When the time came, the superior forces of British at Lundy's however, Hamilton fired into the air, while Lane, where he was twice wounded. His Burr deliberately killed the patriot soldier career was brilliant, and his countrymen and statesman, who declined to engage in le¬ delighted to honor him. He was voted the galized murder save as a victim of misguided freedom of New York city, the Congress public sentiment. passed a vote of Thanks to him and gave him a gold medal. He was continued in com¬ mand of the northern division of the army HENRY DEARBORN until he was called to the chief command. He then came to Washington to reside, and The Victor of Fort George and Toronto in the remained here until he^fied. and was buried War of i8t2. in the Congressional Cemetery. Henry Dearborn was boni February 23, 1751, in Northampton, N. (H. He was 61 ALEXANDER MACOMB j years of age when he was called to the com- I mand of the_army. He studied medicine fm The ODly Soldier Who Passed Through All Grades to Supreme Command. Alexander Macomb was born April 3, 17S2, at Detroit, Michigan. He is the only sol- GENERAL PHILIP H. SHERIDAN. pointment as captain of light artillery in' 1808, and in the following year he was ar¬ rested at Baton Rouge, Louisiana, tried by court-martial and suspended from the army for one year for having made public criti¬ cism of General James Wilkinson, his su¬ perior officer. He studied military affairs during his suspension, and when the war of 1812 began he was promoted to be lieutenant dier who passed through all the grades from colonel and ordered to the Northern frontier. ' the ranks to the highest command. General He arrived during the battle of Queenstown Miles began as an officer and rose to su¬ Heights, took part in the engagement and preme command by regular promotion; but was captured with his entire command. He Alexander Macomb entered the army as a was exchanged and joined the army under cornetist when a mere boy. He became a General Dearborn. He was dangerously captain in 1802, a major jn 1805, and was a wounded by the explosion of a magazine dur¬ lieutenant colonel of engineers at the com¬ ing the attack on Fort George. He distin- 1 mencement of the war of 1812. He was guished himself at the battle of Lundy’s made colonel of the Third Artillery in 181.3, Lane by his gallantry and fearlessness * in and brigadier general in 1814. He served great danger. He had two horses shot un¬ throughout the war and received his promo- I der him and was twice wounded before he i * tions for meritorious service. He was en¬ would leave the field. His left shoulder was gaged at Niagara and Fort George, and was i . shattered and his arm was ever afterwards ! l given command of the Northern frontier. partially disabled. His fame spread through- [ His greatest victory was achieved at Platts- j out the country aud military men all con- | burg, where he defeated the superior force I ceded that he was the coming soldier of the I of Sir George Prevost and drove the enemy j age. After the war he was tendered the po- ! across the border into Canada. The Con--] sition of Secretary of War, but declined it. I f gress voted him the thanks of the countryu saving- that ho preferred remaining in the | and a gold medal commemorative of hisu military successes. He remained in the army. He was then made major general, service after the close of the war as colo¬ and received the thanks of the Congress for nel of engineers, until he was placed in com; his miltary services. He also received a gold mand of the army after the death of Geu medal by direction of Congress. He tray- eral Brown. He resided in Washington oi! eled extensively in Europe for several duty at army headquarters. During tin. months in 1S1G, and after returning to this 1", Florida war he took the field in person and country devoted himself to the preparation managed the campaign. He wrote an elabo- . of a manual of tactics and firearms. * In 1832 ’’ rate volume on the history, precedents and He became prominent in civil affairs by rea¬ practices of courts martial. His grave in 1 son of his assignment to duty in Charles¬ the Congressional Cemetery is marked by a town, S. C., during the nullification excite¬ simple and modest monument. ment and threatened rebellion. His country¬ men gave him credit for being largely in¬ strumental in averting civil war. because of WINFIELD SCOTT his courage, determination aud his great rep¬ utation as a soldier. Upon the death of Gen¬ Life of the Great Captain of the War With eral Macomb, in 1841. General Scott became Mexico. the commander of the army. His achieve- - • Winfield Scott was born on June 13, 1786, ments dur'ng the war with Mexico, culmi¬ in Dinwiddle county, near Petersburg. Va., nating in the capture of the City of Mexico, and was educated at the celebrated William are known to nearly every school boy. He 1 Mary College, where so many Virginians was a eandiate for the Presidency on the r-e acquired education. He studied law, Whig ticket in 1S52, but received the elec¬ when 20 years of age was admitted to toral votes of only four States, Massacbu- % har. Friends secured for him an ap- II setts. Vermont, Kentucky and Tennessee. Horace Greeley, in kis history of the civil war, says that if Scott had possessed Na¬ poleonic ability he would have crushed the rebellion in sixty days. As a matter of fact. General Scott possessed sufficient ability to have dealt with the problem of 1861, but he was 75 years of age, infirm and unable to assume active command of the army. He voluntarily retired from command October 31, 1861. and General McClellan took his place. It is a well-known bit of secret his¬ tory. that, being a Virginian by birth, the leading spirits of the Confederacy expected General Scott to deliver the army to them, and exercised every conceivable influence to induce him to go with the rebellion. If they had succeeded the Confederacy might have been a success at once, because General Scott’s name and fame would have been potential with European governments. But Scott remained loyal to his country and turned over the command to a young soldier whom he regarded as the ablest in the army, after Colonel Robert E. Lee had gone over to the enemy. His patriotism at that time deserves high commendation and criticism should never have been made of the devoted old hero who had served his country so long and well. General Scott witnessed the rise, growth and development of the Military Academy at West Point, and often expressed regret BRIGAD1ER GENERAL JACOB BROWN. that he could not have had a military education in his youth. When death was approaching he went to West Point, say¬ ing: “I have come here to die.” He re¬ quested that he might be buried there, and his request was complied with, and he lies there where every day the flag he loved and served floats above him. THE LATER GENERALS Commanders-in-Chief During the Civil War and Since Then. The lives of the seVen following com¬ manders of the army - are household his¬ tory to-day, and need not be here recounted, except in a brief manner, to complete the | history. Major General McClellan commanded the I army from November 1, 1861, until March 11, 1862, and was constantly in the field directing the affairs in person. He fash¬ ioned the army most skilfully; but he was so deliberate and careless of public opinion that President Lincoln was obliged to ener¬ gize him so that in the spring of 1862 Mc¬ MAJOR GENERAL GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN. Clellan moved upon Richmond. His penin¬ sular campaign was criticised severely, and partmentr commanders, without any grand is yet a subject of discussion in military specific military purpose. circles. The highest encomium ever paid Lieutenant General U. S. Grant accepted McClellan was the silent and grim move¬ supreme command with the distinct under¬ ment of General Grant in 1864, when he standing that his campaigns were not to be adopted practically the McClellan plan for meddled with by Halleck. Stanton, or any the siege and capture of Richmond, and one else in Washington. Then and not until success resulted. There can be no doubt then did the war for the preservation of the that political considerations had much to Union assume definite shape. Grant directed do with the ultimate failure of General Mc¬ all of the armies, and selected his own as¬ Clellan as a commander, and his retirement sistants in the field. Sherman, Sheridan from command. Thomas, Gilmore, Terry, Canby, Schofield! Major General Henry W. Halleck was all acted under orders from Grant, and' ! senior commander of the army from July within one year after assuming supreme I 23, 1862, until March i), 1864; but he was command Grant had the Confederacy encir¬ j little more than a chief aid to the great cled with a wall of fire and steel, so that its War Secretary, Stanton. As a matter of collapse was inevitable. It may be truly I fact the army of the United States had no said, the actual war for the preservation I commander from the retirement of Scott un- of the Union lasted no more than fourteen ; til the accession of Grant. The war was months. ( conducted by corps commanders, and de- General William T. Sherman was ap¬ pointed to that high grade when Grant be- A V IpSSlpsiia® hi*tovy of the c such a. large part of I },f- recounted. tjp ‘ vvar that it need not i PlSlpSIfKl Rl. “2n^r,Fa”“ '>■» ”SS ' Partin ninefv-sfx baSfcember. 1863?took returned^ <*>* Sixt^i^ I «jr** "**"* "pS Ri’S^Sjl- p^sszs 1 From'> ^ ^ A the Loe?eral Schofield a, ? 118 retil'e- . rne Tu-ent.v-third Corn** c°aimander of .^c^~ ^«jo^^rf;Neel^“«or! 3,80 Stoi- assuined supreme ,- S°n APPleton Miles n/i a. a. SABEB UfGIMENr REUN/Oh sirvivohs - of The I -genera,. f°r blm the grade ofliStena“ ^PA. CAVALBVaaalry celebrate.ra SEVENTH 1 Nearly One Hundred ,,r,S Their Wives a n ter« i« ., ’t ves-and Daujrli- ers 111 «he City To-n„ * Their Rennio T to Attend Hennion at Old City n„i, Program for the Two n Meeting and H fW° Da,s «* the and Hegimentai History. Date, i ; airy of PennsyivTn^ent’ Voluni:eer cav- I eighteenth annual ret ^ h°ldin^ ‘heir the hall to-dav The / n at °ld City o’clock this afternoXonrC1Seh beean at 2 Veterans Celebrate the Anniversary of the ness of the assort? 6n the busi' The q Hattie of Cedar Creek ed- « consisted merl!°n ,Was transact- I ters. such as the refldi°f routine mat- ' Ballier-sU1fl8Vth°rRei?meCnfi0p °’f Co!ond ates of the Leced °f the min-. irssjaasy-fe * ”s« ”S report of the various cnS6SS-°n and the 228 N. Second Street bei A’ ?oItes Post, had been appointed °mrnittees which 1 terday afternoon The i W ^oplar- yes-,! flcers and the select-Th6 eIection of of- thirty-first anniversary ofTh^ WaS theK tie of Cedar Creek West ™ ,^eat baM the next meeting w™ °f a pIace for veterans brought ’ in 4 Vlrg1n!a. The | late in the T held unti> their families w/th them ^ tvfnStanc€s- Possible to get the and “ Was Join in the social event? the hal1 to rePort closed. results when this The veterans' ctliS be°-tn t The°r?Tereesome0fine' Sch,mid Presided, ty last e°an to reach this on mandolin and soon separated into little ofowdsT’taTk- Gen. Richard Johnson, at uauatin tng oyer the stories of thirty years Tenn., the force was assailed by Gens! ago like so many children, each de¬ Forrest and Morgan, completely out¬ siring- to tell his first. When the busi¬ flanked and surrendered. Gen. Johnson ness session was called to order bv decided to surrender. Col. Wvnkoop President Hutchison, of this city, there declined to allow his men to be made were nearly 100 persons present. This pi isoners, called the Seventh cavalry to number did not include the wives and saddle, cut his way through the rebel daughters of many of the members lines in a desperate charge, and made who had come along to see the cele¬ his escape, with practically the whole bration. The program for the reunion command, to Nashville. n;tlUdifSiia caJnPfire to-night at Old The regiment saw hard service at the City hall, and an excursion on the four days’ combat at Stone River, and river to-morrow afternoon, closing with afterward participated in Sherman's a banquet and dance in the evening Atlanta campaign. During that service ah^0n5,the reIics of ^one days they foi med a part of the command 2?ornir,g at the hall was'a with which Gen. Judson Kilpatrick letter from General Stanley, who com- made his celebrated raid, and after a 5lvision of Sherman’s army, ward the command was sent to Louis complimenting the regiment for its ville to get new horses and equipments at Sbelbyville, during the In the spring of 1865 the Seventh par¬ Zll iwG 'etter from the same gen- ticipated in General James H. Wilson’s *nowledging the receipt of the great cavalry expedition through the n-^itati0n to their reunion. gulf states, and was in hard fights at .e Seventh cavalry was a large or- Plantersville and Selma, Ala. At the AtTne tim C0"Sistin5 of 12 companies. latter place the members of the Seventh At one time it numbered 1,800 men It w-ere dismounted and made one of the was the 80th regiment of Pennsyl- finest charges of the war, storming the \ania volunteers, under the three years’ rebel works and driving a greatly supe¬ servme, and was recruited in the rior force of the enemy from their en¬ Ph&,0^.1861’ by Wi>liam B. Sipes, of trenchments. In this assault Colonel ' *afeIphia’ under the commission of Ciicii J6s C. McCormick, who held succeed- °f War Simon Cameron. Mr ed Colonel Wynkoop in the preceding GePoiaebrawe ,heutenant colonel and Geoige C. Wynkoop, of Pottsville was autumn, was severely wounded in the commissioned colonel. A majority of leg. He fell outside the rampart, but as he lay on the ground he had the su¬ servW^betn °f the re&iment had seen service as three-months men in the in¬ preme satisfaction of seeing his men go fantry. Most of the companies weue or- over the works with their cheers of vic¬ ganlzed in the counties bordering on the tory. The Seventh took part in the cap¬ ture of Jefferson Davis, May 10 1865 river—T ^ancI?es the Susquehanna river Lycommg, Northumberland, Clin¬ and was mustered out of service at Ma’ ton, Montour, Tioga, etc. Company M con. Ga„ August 13, 1865. was recruited from Allegheny county. The Seventh regiment, in its various Bartholomew Scanlin was elected cap¬ separated battalions and as a whole" tain of Company M, William Einstein participated in more than 100 battles and was first lieutenant, and James L Gra” skirmishes. In all its service, which ham, now a deputy collector of internal was of a hard character, only two mem¬ bers of Company M w-ere killed in bat¬ £eJ&nae' waft the second lieutenant. Stain Scanlin was discharged in April, tle. William Ainsworth, a private was 1863, and was succeeded by Joseph G killed at Big Shanty, Ga., June 9,’ 1864, vale, from Company K, and he was and Jesse Davis, a private, was killed succeeded in September, 1864, by Charles at Murfreesboro, Tenn., July 13 1862 Brandt, who served in command of the Two members of this company’ were company until the end of the war captured by Forrest at Murfreesboro The regiment was organized In three July 13, 1862, and seven w-ere made pris¬ battalions, and when it went to the oners by Forrest in Northern Georgia front, in January, 1862, the three bat¬ during the Kirkpatrick raid in October talions were separated, although all 1864. Five members of the company’ died of wounds received in battle. the Army of the Cumberland Until November, 1862, the battalions BATTLE OF BILL’S BLUFF. were on detached service in Tennessee, but at that date they were united by Survivors of the Philadelphia Brigade General Rosecrans and put into Gen¬ Celebrate the Anniversary. eral D. S. Stanley’s cavalry division During that year parts of the regiment The survivors of the Philadelphia Bri¬ , had many ugly arguments with the gade held a meeting at Fifth and Chest¬ I Confederate cavalry under such fighters nut Streets last evening to commemor¬ as General John Morgan and Genera' N ate the thirty-fourth anniversary of the B. Forrest. battle of Ball’s Bluff. There 300 of their comrades fell thirty-four years July 13, 1862, Gen. Forrest, with a ago yesterday, among them being Gen¬ [ strong force, made a dash upon Mur- eral Baker, who commanded the Phil¬ j freesboro, Tenn., where the third bat¬ adelphia Brigade. General Isaac J. Wis- talion was stationed with a Kentucky tar, commanding the California Regi¬ battery, and captured a large part of ment was wounded three times in the the command. Two of the cavalry' same battle. companies refused to surrender and cut Commander John W. Frazier, of the their way through the rebel lines. One Brigade Association, delivered an ad¬ of these companies was M, of which dress on the life and character of General only two men were made prisoners Baker. He said he was the only Eng¬ lishman he ever knew an Irishman to Five weeks later, when the regiment love as a father, and recounted many | with the Fourth Kentucky cavalry and of the incidents showing his kindness I the Third Indiana cavalry, was under to the men. The most interesting feature of the General Isaac J. Wlstar. fining was brought'out-in calls' for those present who were survivors of the disastrous battle to give some personal recollections of it. There were sho?r from Captain George L. Hitman' J- Simpson and Comrades Greg¬ ory, Taylor and Mason. ^u,araaes ^reS-| From Date, plinth will be 5 feet square and wergn i 15,765 pounds, and the shaft at the base will be 4 feet square and weigh 124,560 ANTIETAM’S GRANDEST SHAFT. pounds. The total height of the monument will Tlie Philadelphia Brigade's Monu¬ be 03 feet 2 inches, and in it there will ment to Be Immense. be 2110 feet in cubic contents. Its total A soldiers’ monument, at once the weight will be 380,605 pounds, or over largest, simplest and one of the most 101 tons. imposing of its class in all the count!?, The erection of the monument near will be erected by the famous Philadel¬ both the old Dunkard Church and the phia Brigade on the battlefield of An- turnpike, where it can readily be seen tietam, where 500 brave men of that by all who pass the historic- battlefield, patriotic body bit the dust. The project will begin at an early date—-probably and site of the monument have been in the spring—for contributions toward heretofore described, but the shaft itself the monument fund have been pouring will be of,a fashion worthy of separate in quite liberally. description. The Philadelphia Brigade It is worth while in this connection to Association has secured a design for the recall the fact that, in the memorable ; monument which is of a very simple, battle of Antietam, the Philadelphia but classic character. The design con¬ Brigade advanced more than a mile* un¬ sists of a plain shaft, of heroic size, and der a continuous fire, while the men fell as the immense monument is simply to by dozens at every round of musketry, commemorate the deeds of private the noble remnant finally making a soldiers who fell near its site, there heroic charge through the cornfield over will be no ornament or embellishment of the bodies of hundreds of dead and dy¬ any kind. ing Confederates. Suddenly confronting i The base of the shaft will be 12 feet the enemy in full force, the brigade stub- I square, and it will weigh 42,750 bornly, but slowly, fell back, but in ; pounds. The upper half of the base will I perfect order, and firing steadily. Its also be 12 feet square, and weigh 47.- gallant men ,bore the brunt of the battle 500 pounds. The die win be six feet here, and lost more men than any brigade i square, and will weigh 38,800 paunds in the Second Corps. General Sedgwick and the cap will be 8 feet. 2 inches was taken from the field, wounded, and square, and weigh 34,155 pounds. The afterward he said that the Quaker City boys lost more than one-third of tie men engaged. After Eee retired from AnttetaitT tne Philadelphia Brigade remained on the companies of Pennsylvania, locatecfsorn . field three days burying the dead and thing more than 100 miles from Wash¬ ington, without regimental organization, caring for the wounded. Five hundred had passed through Baltimore unopposed and fortv-five comrades fell, and among and almost unnoticed a fejv hours be¬ the killed were Captain Francis V. fore ‘the Sixth’ fought In Baltimore Buswith, Lieutenants Joseph McHugh streets? The Sixth was the first to fight and James Dunn, of the Sixty-mnth. and the first to win the palm of victory; Lieutenants John Conway and William Ithe first to shed Its own and the first to Wilson, of the Seventy-first; Captain ;draw the enemy’s blood in the great war Peter H. Willetts and Lieutenants A. of modern times; the first to strike down armed rebellion and teach it that the W. Peabody and Robert I. Parks, of INorth loved the Union and the Flag the Seventy-second, and Captain Dm- , even more than the ‘almighty dollar;’ .thy Clark and Lieutenant William , ithe first to throw Its thin ranks and Bryan, of the One Hundred and Sixth. 1 raw recruits against and to penetrate the barracks of a hostile city of 200,000 I inhabitants, interposed between the North and the nation’s capital, which (was in danger of being captured by the secessionists, who filled It and in all 'P directions surrounded it as -with a wall From,.p- . X-£ of treason; the Sixth was the first to reach and rescue and to hold until re¬ lieved from its beleaguered condition the capital and the Government, incur¬ ring therefor without grudging the dan¬ ger of possible, if not probable, anni¬ hilation, and paying the actual price of death to four and gunshot wounds to thirty-six of its gallant soldiers: the first to really arouse that spirit of patriot¬ ism which poured millions of soldiers and billions of treasure into the contest for the Union. The proofs are on every hand. Abraham Bincoln, on the 19th of ’MiK FIRST DEFENDERS. April, 1861, welcomed the 'Old Sixth’ to Washington with the statement that had The Claims of Pennsylvania and Massa¬ its arrival been delayed the city would have been In the hands of the rebels chusetts to This Honor. before the next morning. Gneral Scott To the Editor of “The Press.” on the 21st of April, 1861, declared that he depended upon the Sixth Regiment Sir:—Eastern Pennsylvania now claims to save the capital of the country.” the honor of having- sent the "First De¬ Thus It would seem from this eloquent fenders” of the nation’s capital in 1861. statement that both the Pennsylvania The Sixth Regiment of Massachusetts, volunteers and the Massachusetts Sixth familiarly called the “Old Sixth,” had are entitled to honors as first defenders long enjoyed this distinction unchal- i of the capital and of the country, but lenged. Curious to learn what the “Old I not In the same sense. The Pennsyl¬ Sixth” would say in regard to this Read¬ vanians should be honored for their early ing claim, John S. Cook, an officer of enlistment to save the nation and for this regiment, and now a member of the being the first to enter Washington, Massachusetts Division of the Loyal Le- 1 though unprepared to battle for its de¬ glon of the United States, was recently fense; the Sixth Massachusetts for actu¬ asked to give his version of this ques¬ ally saving the capital. With this view tion. In reply, I copy from hia letter of the case our Reading “First Defend¬ before me:— ers” should not claim too much, either There has been considerable contro¬ directly or by intimation. versy in relation to this matter, but we SIMEON BURT. I are undisturbed, believing that history Philadelphia, Jan. 2, 1893. will deal justly with us. While it does not much matter who was first on the ; ground, seeing that we are all one peo¬ ple, and the capital was saved, still we enjoy the distinction of being there at a critical moment. Dieutenant Colonel i Watson, of the Sixth, has gathered up the facts and on two occasions has de- j Hvefed them at regimental reunions \ with telling effect. I here give you some j quotations from his latest delivery, April ! 19, 1895. | “As a regiment, it was the first to ' volunteer; no one antedates its official offer of January 19, 1861, indorsed by the action of the Legislature and Governor of Massachusetts. Its rally in a single night from thirty towns and cities, scat¬ tered through four counties, was notable even in comparison with the unequaled alacrity of ‘Massachuetts’ minute men’ as a whole. It was first in the.field. ^TRE FIRST DEFENDERS. Its celerity in preparation and march was unparalleled. Fully armed and To the Editor oe The Evening Post: equipped and in advance of all others it left the Commonwealth, traversed Con¬ Sir: In your issue of January 20 there ap¬ necticut, passed through the city of pears a special despatch from Washington New York, through New Jersey, Penn¬ city in reference to the bill introduced by sylvania and Delaware, and encountered the foe in Maryland before any other Representative Erdman of Pennsylvania giv¬ regiment along that route of more than ing silver medals to the “First Defenders,” 500 miles was equipped and formed and faced to the front. Nor is this achieve¬ the 530, rank and file who composed the five ment in any degree impaired bv the companies of Pennsylvania volunteers, claim that local organizations in Wash¬ ington assumed a semi-military form, who were the first to respond to the call of and that three or four small unarmed their record is not surpasse'd by any. If any one Tfesiaent .Lincoln, and the lirst troops to desires to verify the truth of the foregoing, I reach and save the almost defenceless capital refer to Bates’s‘History of the Pennsylvania city and imperilled government. There are Volunteers, ’ volume I. ; to Lossing’s ‘History several inaccuracies and misstatements in the ot the Great Rebellion, ’ and to the archives of despatch referred to, which should be correct¬ the War Department. As a sample of what ed. In the first place, there is no hostility ex¬ records these companies made, let me cite isting between the gallant Sixth Massachusetts that, of the Logan Guards of Lewistown. Every Regiment and the First Defenders. The member of this famous command, with one Massachusetts boys never did claim to be the exception, reentered the Union army in first troops to reach Washington. They do various organizations. Bates’s History, vol. i., • claim that they were the first full regiment to says that these men volunteered from the arrive there. No one can question their right purest and most patriotic motives. Of their to this great distinction, and while the First number three became brigadier-generals, two Defenders fully and cordially accord them became colonels, two lieutenant-colonels, this honor, they claim fox themselves the great three majors, eighteen captains,and thirty-two | honor of being the first volunteers, not only lieutenants. The other companies did equally ! to encounter the bloodthirsty mob at Balti¬ as well. more, Md., on April 18, just twenty-four hours The surviving members of the gallant Penn¬ preceding the attack on the brave old Sixth sylvania commands ate proud of their own re¬ Massachusetts, but also to be the first to reach cord, and they cordially concede all the just the capital on the same evening. When the claims and honors of their comrades of the Sixth reached Washington, they found the five Sixth Massachusetts. While it seems that a j companies of Pennsylvanians occupying the grateful government has recognized the merits House wing of the capitol, which they had and claims of her loyal defenders, these First barricaded with the iron and other material Defenders, the advance of that mighty host of used in the construction of the then unfinished loyal and patriotic men who wore the blue, dome and building. There never has been who fought, to maintain the Union and the in¬ any dispute in regard to these facts, which tegrity of the government, have not received are matters of history, easily substantiated that recognition which is their due. It is a by the records of the War Department, as well fact that Congress did pass, in July, ’61, a re¬ as the recollections of the survivors and others. solution giving the thanks of Congress to the In proof of the foregoing I refer to the fact First Defenders from Pennsylvania. It is to that when the Grand Encampment of the be hoped that the bill bestowing a silver medal Grand Army of the Republic was held at will become a law. That the capital was Washington, the First Defenders and the saved from destruction and pillage, and the Sixth Massachusetts held the post of honor in government from dispersion or capture, by the the grand review, and at the head of that opportune arrival of these five companies of mighty army of veterans who wore the blue, Pennsylvania National Guard and the Sixth marched side by side in fraternal honor and Massachusetts is a matter of history easily pride, each conceding to the other all due i verified, and that President Lincoln, Secreta¬ ries Seward and Cameron, Gen. Scott, Gov. honor and consideration. Curtin,and other eminent men have so declar-A| That the Pennsylvanians were bands of ed, is equally true. Wm. F. McCay. . “Wide Awakes” is equally misleading. Washing-tost, D. C., January 24. —B ! It must be remembered that these five com¬ panies of loyal sons of the old Keystone THE FIRST DEFENDERS. State came from widely separated points in the state. There was no time to organize regi¬ ments. Obeying their patriotic impulses and StatemerKfs by Officers of the Sixth in responso to the frantic appeals of the gov- ' Massachusetts Regiment—Some In- ernment at Washington, as well as of the I teresting History. grand old war Governor, Curtin, they left their homes without an hour for preparation, [Special Despatch to The Evening Post.J and rendezvoused at Harrisburg on the 17th Washxngton, February 12.—The author of I of April. Everything was in chaotic disorder the recent communication to the Evening and confusion at. that early period, and early Post who from a long distance kindly cor¬ the ensuing morning they were sworn and rected these despatches as to what was going mustered into the service of the United States on in Washington, will doubtless be interested and started for the capital city. All of these in the following letter, written by ex-Lieut.- companies were regular militia companies Gov. Jones of New York to one of the Con¬ organized long before, some of them preced¬ gressmen who is espousing the cause of the ing the Mexican war. One company was trom Massachusetts “first defenders” against those Lewistown, one from Reading, two from of Pennsylvania: Pottsville,and one from the city of Allentown. “It has just come to my knowledge that an It is to their honor and credit that when their unjust claim is being made from Pennsyl¬ enlistment of three months had expired, prac¬ vania for recognition as having supplied the tically all of them reentered the service of first troops in the defence ot the capital in their country in various organizations, and j April, 1861. As Colonel of the Sixth Massa- ■ . ■ its 1 nighty army of veterans who wore the blue, ehusetts Regiment, which was prominently I marched side by side in fraternal honor and T ln evidence at that time, I must, in behalf of ! pride, each conceding to the other all due j D16 brave boys whom I had the honor to com- honor and consideration.” The fact is that i mand at that time, make a vigorous protest in response to the urgent request of the “First ; against the recognition of -such claim, and Defenders” for the right of the line, the com¬ ^sk your good offices as a member of the manding officer accorded the right to the House of Representatives to prevent this pro¬ “Old Sixth,” and assigned the “First De¬ posed injustice. I will appear before the com¬ fenders” to the lead of the second of the dou¬ mittee if it should be deemed necessary.” ble parallel-column formation in which that procession marched, the other column, led by the “Old Sixth,” being the directing flank, To the Editok op The Evening Post : the post of honor, as the march was right in Sir : In your issue of the 6th instant your I correspondent, William F. McCay, comment¬ front, and the guide, left. Persistent claim for first place thus secured for the “First De¬ ing on a special despatch printed in the Evening Post of January 20 with reference fenders” second place, which fact does not to the bill introduced in the National House amount to proof of acknowledged precedence, ! as claimed. of Representatives by Mr. Erdmann of Pennsylvania, conferring medals upon five A defender is “one who defends.” Whom companies of Pennsylvania volunteers as did these unarmed companies as such de¬ fend? The moral influence of their patriotic : ‘‘First Defenders” of Washington in April, presence, however reassuring to the capital j 1861, refers in very courteous terms to ‘‘the gallant Sixth Massachusetts Regiment,” and and creditable to themselves, could hardly be included in the category of defence in time j says, ‘‘There is no hostility existing between | it and the‘First Defenders.’” Although a of war. To what military service, as such companies, were they assigned in the twenty- j constant reader of the Evening Post for more than a quarter of a century, I failed to four hours which they passed in Washington ' notice the special despatch referred to, but I before the arrival of the “Old Sixth,” or at | impelled to correct some of the statements any other time during the eight days after its • • 5 % ; Massachusetts, but also to be the first to reachx^ jni after the war’that the “Old Sixth” learn- 1 the capital, on the same evening; ...” d that these were “First Defenders.” also they “were the first to respond to the call Irrespective of the question whether they of President Lincoln.” The mob in Balti¬ were defenders, were they “First”? If they more on the 19th of April, 1861, is well known were merely associated patriotic citizens, as to history. I confess that it is news to me they doubtless were, rushing unarmed to offer that there was a “bloodthirsty mob” there on their services to their distressed government, April 18. The only casualty ever reported or they were not,even as such,“First, ” for Wash¬ claimed before by the “First Defenders” ington, at the time of their arrival, contained while being escorted through Baltimore was more than one such unarmed association of a bloody nose, belonging to a colored attend¬ its own patriotic citizens, strenuously tender¬ ant of the “First Defenders,” and received at ing their services to defend the government. the hand of some Baltimorean who did not Moreover, how can they be said to be “First fancy a “Defender” of that particular com- I Defenders” when in fact they were escorted plexion. At other times and on proper occa- ! through Baltimore and to Washington on the sion6, by appointment of my surviving com¬ 18th of April by a battery of the regular army? rades, it has fallen to my lot to tell, for his¬ The regulars, as escort, certainly preceded tory, the story of the “Old Sixth” Massacu- these five companies, and, being armed, pos¬ setts Regiment’s affair in Baltimore, April sessed the essential qualification of defend¬ 19, 1861. I do not propose to repeat it now, ers, which the helpless volunteers lacked. except in so far as to endeavor to frustrate Mr. McCay refers to these five com¬ this attempt, after the lapse of thirty-five panies as “Pennsylvania volunteers who were years, to appropriate, by act of Congress, the first to respond to the call of President credit which belongs alone to the Sixth, and Lincoln, and the first troops to reach and save which history has accorded to it. the almost defenceless capital city and imper- The Sixth Regiment has long been a part of : riled government.” If by any military deeds the organized militia of Massachusetts. One they are entitled to medals for saving the if not more of its companies was chartered be¬ capital, those deeds should be disclosed. fore the Revolution. President Lincoln’s call, When the Sixth arrived, Washington had not April 15, 1861, for 75,000 troops, found the apprecia'ed such salvation. “Old Sixth” dispersed in forty cities and | Can unorganized companies of unarmed towns. This call reached Col. Jones about five militia, while outside the state having milita¬ o’clock on the afternoon of the 15th. That ry control of them, be properly termed night the call to arms was so effectively pro¬ “troops”? In the communication to which I mulgated that the regiment, fulljr organized, am referring no admission is made that the uniformed, armed and equipped, assembled “Defenders” were unarmed. An attempt to ex¬ at its headquarters at ‘ Lowell, early on the cuse such a defenceless condition of “Defend¬ morning of the 16th, proceeded to Boston, ers” seems to appear in the narrative, which twenty-five miles away,and reported read^ for says: “There was no time to organize regi¬ duty to the Governor of the state during the ments. ... In response to the frantic ap¬ afternoon of the 16th. This was before the peals of the government at Washington . . . “First Defenders” reported at Harrisburg in they rendezvoused at Harrisburg on the 7th their “chaotic” condition. Three months of April. . . . Everything was in chaotic before this time, on the 19th of January, 1861, disorder and confusion at that early period, the regiment had regularly volunteered its and early the ensuing morning they were sworn services in view of possible necessity, and and mustered into the service of the United this act of volunteering was endorsed by both States and started for the capital city. All of houses of the Legislature and by Gov. An¬ these companies were regular militia compa¬ drew, and was at the time communicated to nies, organized long before, some of them pre¬ President Lincoln. Therefore, in any event, ceding the Mexican war. ” Are the regular the “First Defenders” were not “first to vol-/1 militia companies of the “old Keystone State” unteer”or “first to respond.” On the 17th of ordinarily without arms? If not, why did April, the Sixth, under orders, started fqr these “Defenders” stack their arms at home Washington. The “First Defenders” clai£i and march for war in a defenceless condition? that they started for Washington from Harris¬ Such “chaotic” military “confusion” in it¬ burg on the 18th of April. They accomplishes self would hardly entitle the old Keystone State their 100 miles on the same day, while tha to a monopoly of medals, but this should not “Old Sixth” was on its 600 miles’ journey. It detract from the merit of its patriotic wide¬ travelled day and night, and reached Balti¬ awake men. more in the forenoon of the 19th of April, en¬ Mr. McCay again says: “The ‘First countering there a mob of many thousands Defenders’ . . . claim for themselves the expressly assembled to prevent its reaching great honor of being the first volunteers, not on¬ Washington to rescue it from its perilous con¬ ly to encounter the bloodthirsty mob at Balti¬ dition. In the conflict which ensued, and more, Md., on April 18, just twenty-four hours which lasted several hours, the “Old Sixth,” preceding the attack on the brave old Sixth among other losses, lost four men killed and forty wounded,and it inflicted greater damage sassins of Abraham Lincoln, which will upon its assailants. At about dark the regi¬ be found on page 33 of to-day’s “Press” is especially interesting and valuable in¬ ment reached Washington, where it was met asmuch as It is authoritative and throws by President Lincoln, who informed its much light on the stirring scenes of officers that its arrival would probably that time. save the city from capture that night. Gen. The following Is a copy of the general order issued to Captain Franklin:— Scott at once utilized the “Old Sixth” in va¬ Office of the rious ways for the defence of the city, and Special Comr. of the War Dept., New' York. stated, during the eight days next following, 82 Franklin St., May 2, 1865. that he depended upon the “Old Sixth” to eneral Order No. 23. The Special Commissioner of the War save the capital. Neither the President nor epartment gratefully acknowledges the the commanding General expressed or inti¬ ervices rendered in the pursuit of the ssassins of our late beloved President mated to us any reliance upon the five Penn- nd Secretary of State by the officers and I sylvania companies who since the war have en attached to this office. Disregarding [personal comfort and safety they were called themselves the “First Defenders.” always ready by day or night, answering It is true, as stated by Mr. McCay, that any call which might be made upon their time and courage. Part of them followed Congress thanked the five companies for the murderers into lower Maryland, lead¬ their patriotism in “passing through" Bulti- ing scouting parties of cavalry through more on their way to the capital. It is also swamps and woods, encountering priva¬ tion in the hope of being the first to true that Congress, in July, 1861, thanked the' catch the fugitives. Their patriotic and *: “Old Sixth” for “the alacrity with which they zealous services have been acknowledged by the Secretary of War in a communi¬ responded to the call of the President,and the cation dated War Department. April 29, patriotism and bravery which they displayed ’65, in which he states that “The thanks of the department are due and hereby on the 19th of April last in fighting their way tendered to you for the faithful and effi¬ through Baltimore, on their march to the de¬ cient mariner in which you have dis¬ charged your duties.” Without wishing fence of the federal capital. ” Gov. Andrew, to detract from the services rendered by in his order dismissing the “Old Sixth,” said’: other bureaus of the department the Commi9isoner claims for his men that I It was the first which went forward to the they have achieved at least one-half of defence of the national capital. It passed the aggregate result of the fortnight’s labor. They have captured the blood¬ through Baltimore despite the cowardly assault thirsty assassin who attacked the family | made upon it,and was the first to reach Wash¬ of the Secretary of State, have arrested the inmates of the house in which this ington. Its gallant conduct has reflected new most infamous plot was hatched and s lustre upon the commonwealth, and has given i where the conspirators lodged, arrested one noted rebel who has boarded the new historic interest to the 19th of April. ” murderers and produced in many ways The motto of the “Old Sixth” regiment is evidence of the highest importance to se¬ cure the conviction of the guilty. “First to volunteer—First in the field—First By order of the Special Commissioner to shed its blood—First to triumph.” History of the War Department. BANKSON I. MORGAN, « , has confirmed this claim. It is most unlikely Lieutenant Colonel Fifty-fourth Regi¬ that Congress will listen to a demand which ment N. Y. Volunteers arid A. A. A. G. is a virtual denial of it. B. F. Watson. To Captain S. D. Franklin, .Twentieth Pennsylvania Cavalry. 314 Lexington Avenue. New York City, Feb¬ ruary 8. [Having given both sides to this con¬ troversy a hearing, we must now con¬ sider the discussion closed so far as our From, columns are concerned.—Ed. Evening /FWt j i Hrwf I ri '/'l Pv From,..^ ^ AS HE LED IN BATTLE Bronze Equestrian Statue of fiaDCock Unveiled. An Interesting Document in the Case of Tracking the Lincoln Assassins. MR.CLEVELAND’S ELOQUENT WORDS, The story of tracking down the as¬ - ' __ _ ITTe figure in bronze bfre ,to the original Simultaneously the booming of cannon Senator Palmer Also Pays a High Tribute was heard in the distance as a Major Cen¬ to the Superb Soldier, and Recounts His tral’s salute of thirteen guns was fired in Achievements in War and His Acts of the White Lot. Wisdom in Peace—March of the Presi¬ Grouped About the Siatue, Following one of the most imposing mil¬ dential Escort from the White House to itary spectacles ever witnessed in Wash¬ Market Space—Great Crowd Present. ington, the scene at the stand adjoining the statue was hardly less impressive. Accommodations were ample for all the distinguished government officials and A grateful government to-day pays tribute to ' ■ their families, and blending with lavish the memory of one of our country’s noblest sons and decorations consisting solely of the Stars . bravest defenders. Willingly, prompted by patri¬ and Stripes, the many gorgeous uniforms otic inclination, we have assembled to witness a and brilliant costumes of the ladies pre¬ nation's appreciation of valiant deeds in time of sented a most attractive picture. war, and its recognition or civic virtue in time of For the especial accommodation of the peace. President and Cabinet and others taking We give this monument to the dead; but the part in the exercises a raised platform had been erected immediately adjoining dead endows our gift with a significance which the statue, facing the west, and under makes it of priceless value to the living. It is an canopy of flags which shielded the occu¬ open book constantly teaching tile lesson of sincere pants from the red-hot rays of the sun. and steadfast love of country. Those who look In front of the platform to the right seats upon its grand proportions in years to come will be were reserved for members of the Sen¬ reminded of such sacrifice and service as have made ate and the staff of Gen. Hancock, while our nation great and our people happy. With this on the left front seats were provided for monument before our eyes, those in public station, the relatives of Gen. Hancock and mem¬ who are charged with the people's interests and bers of the House of Representatives. -With the making and execution of their laws, can Parallel with the platform on the right baldly forget that honest effort to secure the public were seats reserved for the military com¬ weal and a stern insistence, at all times, upon a mittees of the House and Senate, the So¬ faithful and unselfish discharge of public duty in ciety of the Second Army Corps, the Loy¬ al Legion and G. A. R., the Chief Mar¬ the places they occupy, are as essential to the shal and his staff, the staff of the Com¬ . safety and preservation of all that Americans hold manding General of the Army, and mem¬ dear, as bravery and heroism on the field of battie. bers of the Supreme Court. The left was The perpetuity of cur popular government de¬ reserved for the diplomatic corps, the pending upon our fidelity to the principles upon army and navy, the District Commission¬ which it rests; the vast interests of a confiding peo¬ ers, the Governors of States, and the ple, promoted and guarded only by honesty and clergy. faithfulness in their service, and obedience to those Tne sun’s rays beat steadily down upon national obligations which our membership in the the unprotected portion of the stand, and family of nations exacts, should be sufficient to en¬ for this reason the number of distinguish force upon those trusted by their countrymen the ed people outside of those participating lessons which this monument teaches. in the exercises was not so large as it Let us all, however, open cur minds and hearts might otherwise have been. Still, before the arrival of the President and Cabinet to the sentiments especially appropriate to this the most advantageous seats on the occasion, and let our sense of public duty and our platform were well filled. patriotic aspirations be quickened and stimulated Seated on the Platform. by a voice from the grave, admonishing us that our Commissioners Ross, Powell, and Trues- obligators as servants of the people are made dell occupied seats together, Maj. Powell more sacred, and our incentives to vigilant citizen¬ in the uniform of his military rank. ship more impressive, because we have in our keep¬ Marshal A. A. Wilson, Rev. Hugh John¬ ing the fame and glory of our country's heroic ston, of the Metropolitan Church, Co!. dead. James L. Norris, and R. Ross Perry were These eloquent words, from the lips of also present. The relatives of GenJ Grover Cleveland, President of the United Hancock consisted of his brother^ States, preceded the unveiling yesterday Col. John Hancock, accompanied by) afternoon of the magnificent bronze statue his daughters and daughters-in-law of Gen. Winfield Scottr Hancock. The Mr. William Hancock Clark, i strain® of “Star Spangled Banner" were cousin; Col. Oliver B. Russell, Mrs still ringing in the air as Gwynn Han¬ Hancock’s brother; Col. and Mrs. Lud- cock, grandson of the famous warrior, in "low and Capt. Eugene Griffin and Mrs.; ids cadet’s uniform, pulled the cord which Griffin. Conspicuous on account of his held in place the Stars and Stripes about splendid physique and gorgeous uniform’ the statue. Half a dozen blue jackets was Brig. Gen. John R. Brooke, Marshal completed the unveiling by gently pulling of the parade and commander of United; away the flag and exposing to the gaze of States troops, who sat to the right, of the thousands one of the most artistic platform with a few members of ins Bio many splendid specimens M ; staff. Quite a number of the survivors of the sculptor’s art which adorn of Gen. Hancock’s staff were present. the public squares of Washing¬ The staff consists of Gen. R. N. Batch- ton. There were wild huzzas as the elder, Gen. Francis A. Walker, Gen. Jos¬ form of the soldier appeared in full view, eph S. Smith, Gen. H. H. Bingham,' Gen. followed a moment later by expressions of John G. Hazard, Col. Thomas L. Liver¬ admiration. Many of Gen. Hancock’f3.,rel- more, Col. G. A. Shallenberger, Col. Johnhn | d PVS-s, wore^a^red on the, stand, and all Hancock, Coi. James D. Brady, Col. Clay¬ty- reterred to the remarkable likeness which ton McMichael, Col. Finley Anderson, ■ . I < | Maj. Charles Smart, Maj. 'W. D. W. Mil- (keeping the eagerTrowds back, so anxious I ler Maj George A. Armes, Capt. John C. were they to throng about the statue for j Pelton, Capt. Richard P. Strong, Capt. a nearer view. A score of urchins eluded | Israel Thicksteen, Capt. C. S. McEntee, ,iheir vigilance and scrambled about the and Capt. Albert Hunter. The Second base of the statue, from whence they j Army Corps, the Loyal Legion, and the Q. A. R. were also well represented on Ichase °nly dlslod6ed after an exciting the stand. At the moment the bronze monument j The regular troops and other militarv was freed of its covering an officer of the organizations were drawn up in line on olgnal Corps stationed on the roof of the j all the streets surrounding the statue tall Saks building by direction of Gen. ! whe" jhe President’s party and escort Craig waved a flag, which was the signal reached the scene. Light Battery C for the battery over on the White Lot United States Artillery, however, kept to begin firing, and simultaneously the straight on, wheeled down Seventh street booming of cannon was heard. It was at a smart trot and dashed away to the some time before the enthusiasm had VVhlte Lot to be in readiness to fire the sufficiently subsided to permit the Presi¬ salute. As the President's carriage pass¬ dent to introduce Mr. De Witt C. Sprague, ed the troops they presented arms and who was to read a poem which he had | chief^i0US bandS struck UP “Hail to the |written for the occasion. By a singular coincidence it happened that Mr. Sprague The President’s entrance to the nlgt- form, however, Was attended with so lit¬ ;was a schoolmate of President Cleveland tle ceremony that he was in his seat be¬ afterward serving under Hancock, and fore the occupants of the platform were now a member of the Second Army Corps aware of it. He came up the steps on the The poem follows: left, followed by ..the members of the Cabi- Ml. Sprague's Poem. I net, and at once took up his position in Hancock, the noblest bard thy praise should sing I the center of the platform. On his left let In this simple verse I fain would bring sat Maj. Gen. John M. Palmer, United A token of my loyal love for thee, States Volunteers and Senator from Illi¬ ihat while this heart throbs on will constant be. nois, who was to deliver the oration of Comrades, we dedicate a monument the occasion. On the right were Bishop Of our heroice chief, who always led H. Y. Satterlee, Rev. W. H. Gotwald, Where duty called or patriotism,sent, post chaplain Department of the Poto¬ And e en his blood for country gladly shed, mac, G. A. R.,' and Mr. De Witt C. Sprague. Immediately behind the Presi¬ That blent0"*3 cvermore the ground with which It dent were grouped Secretaries Carlisle, Wilson, Herbert, Smith, Olney, Attorney He bled for thee, O, nation, disenthralled; For thee the measure of devotion filled; General Harmon, Gen. Nelson A. Miles, He felt that never yet had men been called Senators Cockrell and Hansborough, and To draw the sword for holier, cause. He thrilled Col. John M. Wilson, Superintendent of Our hearts , at Gettysburg—when many seemed ap¬ Public Buildings and Grounds. Seats had palled. also been reserved for Speaker Reed, Vice President Stevenson, Senator Mills, j 0. Hancock, the superb, thy deeds require and Sculptor Ellicott, but they were not *° storied column high, no flattering song; occupied. Mr. Ellicott, however, made Thy country’s precious heritage, they fire Our hearts with loyal zeal, for they belong his‘appearance on the platform for a few To our most glorious history, and shall ne'er ex¬ moments. pire. , As soon as the beat of drums and the marching of the troops had subsided, Col. Though perish every trophy of thy fame, John M. Wilson advanced to the front of Though massive sculpture crumble all away. the platform and said: "The ceremonies Still thy proud memory would live on the same. of this day will be presided over by the Preserved and honored to the latest day President of the United States.” There In humai hearts, where freedom keeps her vestal I flame. was a ripple of applause as Mr. Cleve¬ land came forward. He spoke very slow¬ With laureled Grant, in thy saved country's bright ly, and before he, had progressed very far Firmament of glorious names is thine; the people within the sound of hi9 voice And few more glorious there. A radiant light realized that they were listening to a Serene, imperishable, it will shine more than ordinarily eloquent tribute to Like an eternal star, ne'er to decline. the memory of a brave soldier. The Presi¬ Ah, well we know our brother foe was brave; dent was frequently interrupted by ap¬ We are not here vainglorious boast to make; plause, and as he took his seat there was His blood fur what he deemed his right he gave, an outburst of approbation. Mr. Cleve¬ Vhile we, we fought him for the country's sake_ land arose again to announce that Bishop His country s sake—we triumphed, but we triumph¬ Satterlee would offer prayer. The Bishop ed all to save. ^ began with the Lord’s Prayer, and fol¬ And when that fractricidal strife was done lowed with the regular Episcopal form of The boys in blue and boys in Southern gray. prayers. Who had 'mid battle's fire and thunder won Removal of the Veil. Respect for each side's splendid valor, they As soon as he had finished, the Marine Clasped hands; the nation’s grander era was begun. Band, located on the other side of the My country, how thy loyal sons have bled open space east of Seventh street, played On many a glorious field for freedom's right; ‘‘The Star Spangled Banner,” and imme¬ Whether into the deadly breach they led diately aftedward the veil was slowly lift¬ To break the tyrant's or rebellion's might. I ed from the statue amid tremendous They won an honored place with earth's illustrious cheering from vast throngs of people dead. which lined all the adjacent streets. A big force of policemen detailed from the various precincts had great difficulty in iw f’,,y dead rest well; but, 0, thy living brave; .•sides Hancock and hit start had come upoTTThe The maimed, the crtppled, wrecked in health, are field since Seminary Ridge was lost. Lee herd- tated to give the order to attack positions, M«t- there; Urully strong, winch appeared to have been vad- Naught, can restore what they so freely gave; These claim thy warm solicitude and care. deoly occupied by fresh troops, so brave was the 0. let them not, as mendicants, thy bounty crave. show of force everywhere made. He instructed liwcii to feel our line on the right, but not to bring on All tenderly, my country, should’st thou guard a general engagement. That delay saved the held Widow and orphan of thy hero’s dead; at Gettysburg to the Union arms. The lot of many a one is sad and hard; To be great is to be equal to the requirements of O. stand thou in the lost protector's stead, great occasions, and it Is to the skill, the courage And let his child or widow be thy honored ward. aud the resolute coolness of Hancock that Gettys¬ burg was selected as a battle-field, and it to the O. sun of peace, shine ever on our land! officers of al! rank? and grades, and to the hardy O, freedom, with thy sacred aegis guard! resolute coinage of the private soldiers of many 0, truth and justice, rule from strand to strand! States that the country owes tne crushing repulse O, light of progress, lead us still onward! of the Confederate forces. O, God. let us at all times feel Thy favoring hand! It is enough to Say for him that he was great, Senator Palmer's Oration. according to that best definition of greatness. He Mr. Cleveland next introduced Senator comprehended and seized great opportunities. Mr. President, it is a source of satisfaction to John M. Palmer, who delivered the ora¬ every patriotic mind that the- fame of Gen. Han¬ tion of the occasion. He said in part: cock is cherished in all portions and sections of When I accepted this invitation I promised my¬ this now perfectly United States. self an easy task, for I had met Lieut. Winfield No Confederate soldier envies the honors paid his Scott Hancock in St. Louis more than forty years memory to-day. They may compare his with Jack- ago, and was then impressed by his soldierly ap¬ son, whose greatness as a corps commander is pearance and his pleasant, genial manners. recognized, and of whose fame every American, who I again met him after he had won such rare dis¬ has the instincts of a soldier, is proud. They tinction, that he was empowered by the War De¬ may find in the long list of famous Confederate partment to raise a special veteran corps. I had officers soldiers, some of their groat names, who in watched his course during the civil war with their estimation is the equal of Hancock, but they profound interest, and I had formed the most favor¬ respected him while he lived, and honor his able opinions of his soldierly qualities. Influenced memory now that he is dead. by considerations like those I have mentioned, and Mr. President, our civil war had its origin in by my sincere reverence for the memory of him opposing opinions entertained in the different whose statue is to be unveiled to-day, I accepted States of the relative powers of the Federal gov¬ the duty. ernment and of the States. It has no doubt been observed by others, but There were also irreconcilable social and indus¬ it did not occur to me at the moment, that the life trial conditions, and there was also the challenge and the services of Gen. Hancock are better known of the two great sections of the Union, addressed to the American people than are those of any to the manhood of each other. other of the great soldiers who won distinction The suppression of the doctrine of the right of during the civil war. So much has been ftViftW any of the States to secede from the Union at and spoken of his great achievements that what I pleasure and the abolition of slavery in the States will be able to say to-d^y will, I fear, sound to where it existed fully con pensated the American my audience like an imperfect echo of what has people for the enormous sacrifices of blood and of been often better told. treasure made to secure those ends. But rhe war The speaker then referred at length t.o had another beneficent consequence, without which the social phases of [Gen. Hancock’s life, the suppression of the theory of the constitutional quoting frequently from the biography right of the States to secede from the Union and written by his wife. He continued: the abolition of slavery \ culd have been eompara- I tively valueless'. The- war sealed not only the The military qualities of Gen. Hancock are well quality but the equality of American manhood. known to the country. The story of his brilliant I cannot say with ahs< lute confidence that it was I services has been told in detail by biographers, but the Southern misconception of the martial qualities j Gen. Grant has condensed his real character and reputation into a few sentences. Hancock stands the most' conspicuous figure of all the general officers who did not exercise a separate command. He commanded a corps longer than any other one, and his name was never mentioned as having committed in a battle a blunder for which he was responsible. He was a man of very con¬ spicuous personal appearance. His genial disposi¬ tion made him friends, and his personal courage i and his presence with his command in the thickest I of the fight won for him the confidence of the I troops serving under him. It would not be lust to the memory of the dead | or to the well-founded fame of the surviving officers of rhe Army of the Potomac to say that Gen. Han¬ cock exceeded them all in the possesion of high soldierly qualities. He commanded brigades, divi¬ sions, and army corps with brilliant success, but he understood himself so well that he never as¬ pired to the command of that great army. Know thyself is one of the wisest and most useful of all of the proverbial injunctions, and Gen. Hancock observed and obeyed it. Hancock nr, Gettysburg. Gen. Hancock’s distinguished services at Gettysburg were next spoken of. Senator Palmer read from a biography a realistic description of the disorder in the Union ranks when “this prince of s.oliders” ar¬ Sculptor Ellicott. rived. He then continued: of the people of the Northern States which c; An hour had sufficed to make a great change them to accept, if not to invite, war for Ih within the Union lines; a vastly greater change as justment of the pending rational controversies^ seen from the enemy's ground. Though not a man ■A-- w TT" V ' 7 THE HANCOCK ____, __ |» /'n. Whatever lntluence an impression unfavorahTeTTr equally ready to offer tlielr lives in defense of Northern valor may have had upon the people of their convictions of right. Now that we have the South, their orators and writers often ex¬ ceased to struggle against each other, we know with pressed their belief that Northern men were desti¬ absolute confidence that the men of every section tute of courage and would not fight. We in the and of all parts of tile great republic are equally West always intended, in the language of the patriotic and alike willii g and ready to defend times, to "cut .our way to the Gulf" and that the the integrity of the Union and the honor of tile j Mississippi River should "flow unfettered to the nation against ail and every (oe. Americans of all sea." But how about the men of the East, the sections and of ail parts, of one common country, "Yankees," would they fight for the defense of the now know, respect and confide in each other, and Union. we will transmit that sentiment of respect and con¬ Later, after the name was baptised in the blood fidence to our children, which will adord a sure of the New England regiments on every field where guaranty for internal peace and the defense of na¬ they fought, ar.d was glorified by their valor, every tional honor. soldier accepted it and wore it with pride. But at the beginning of the strife between the State Riftlits ami Allegiance. sections tho officers of the army were embarrassed After Ponleson, Shiloh, Murfreesboro, and Chick- by difficulties of an altogether different character. amauga in the West, and the numerous battles in For the most part they had been educated together the East, including Gettysburg—the crowning strug- i in the National Military School; they knew each gle of the war—there remained no doubt but that 1 other well, and none of them doubted the courage Americans of all sections, North and South, East I | or the resolution of the others. They were citizens and West, were equally hardy, eqitally hraye, and Lot different States, and some of them were over¬ * ... o.i ft? r i* -tti --' come by the delusion that their paramount allegi- I PYeeidedt's Troop A, of the District Na¬ |HR: was due to the State of their birth or u( thrir umieile. tional Giuard, had been told that to them When I characterize the theory o£. primal al¬ would fail the honor, and, as a matter of legiance to the States as a delusion I confess fact, thfly had it for most of the distance that the embarrassments of the army officers born traveled; Troop H, of the Sixth Cavalry, in the seceding States were cruel. regularly army, had received that detail The war very soon assumed the apparent aspect several days ago, but their officers, some¬ of a struggle between rival governments sup¬ how, got wedged out of what they consid¬ ported by substantially the whole population of the ered their rightful position. Not until the opposing sections of the Union. corner of Twelfth street and Pennsylvania If some of the officers of the army erred even to a criminal extent, it must not be forgotten that avenue was reached was the matter their homes [were threatened with invasion, and brought to the attention of the marshal of they only shared the fortunes of those they the parade. There was a hurried consultai loved. tion with Gen. Albert Ordway, command¬ Mr. President, we stand in the presence of this er of the District militia, and President’s appropriate monument of a hero; we do all that Troop A was directed to stand in open or¬ we can to perpetuate his fame, conscious that as the der until all the other marching squads centuries recede his great name will be less and had passed, and then dutifully fell into less known, and less and less frequently mentioned. line in the rear. The great Napoleon, realizing that though his Regulars, militia, and veterans formed deeds then filled the world, said, near the last; "All on Seventeenth street before 2 o’clock, that he had done would be condensed Into the pages of history." We know, too. that and, after the various bands of music and "The cloud-capp'd towers; the gorgeous palaces, drum corps had been sandwiched at prop¬ The solemn temples, the great globe itself; er distances, the march began, moving . Yea, all which it inherit, shall dissolve, on Pennsylvania avenue in front of the And, like this insubstantial pageant faded, State, War and Navy Departments build¬ Leave not. a rock behind." ing and the White House to Executive But we feel that avenue, thence south in the rear of the "No pyramids set off his memories. Treasury building to the intersection of But the eternal substance of his greatness, Fifteenth street, and thence east on Penn¬ To which I leave him." sylvania avenue to the veiled statue, near "Hail Columbia," by the Marine Band, Market Square. It was a strikingly good was followed by the benediction, pro¬ parade. The several bands never played nounced by Rev. W. H. Gotwald, and the better music, and the several thousand . ceremonies were at an end. So great marchers never stepped more martially. was the crowd that the police had dif¬ ficulty in opening the streets for passage After a squad of mounted police came of vehicles after the ceremonies. Maj. Gen. Nelson A. Miles and the staff officers of Gen. Hancock, when he was in MARCH TO THE STATUE. command of the Second Army Corps, ac¬ companied by the battle-flags and colors of the corps, and then the veterans of A Splendid Martial Display on Pennsylva¬ the corps in columns of platoons. To the nia Avenue. United States Barracks Band fell the hon¬ An imposing parade was a fitting pre¬ or of furnishing marching music to these battle-scarred heroes. lude to the exercises attending the unveil¬ These were followed by the second di¬ ing. Washington people are accustomed vision, led by Brig. Gen. John R. Brooke to demonstrations of public character, but ' | and his special aids, all selected from the there were points about this one of yes¬ Regular Army lists. The Marine Band terday that left an indelible impress on was next and immediately following the the Fourth Artillery, a battalion of raa- the memory. President Cleveland made I rines, Light Battery C, and a squadron of his first public appearance on the streets the Sixth Cavalry. Then the famous in a long while, and naturally he was the Sixth Cavalry Band, more regulars, and I cynosure of all eyes. Nothing marred the a hosuital squad. pleasure of his brief outing until the car¬ The third division was' in command of Gen. Albert Ordwav. He and his staff riage in which he was seated halted for were followed by the First and Second an instant near the corner of Eleventh Regimentsjof the District National Guard, street and Pennsylvania avenue. There ~ the First under the command or Col. w. a brawny buffoon broke through the G. Moore, and the Second, under the di¬ crowd lining the curb , and bawled out, rection of Col. Cecil Clay. The First Reg¬ iment embraced the Engineer Corps, the "Hello, Grover!" The President lifted his ; Washington Light Infantry, the Corctran shining beaver from his head, and, bow¬ Cadets, and the National Rifles, and in ’.he ing, said: "Thank you, my friend." Those Second were the Treasury Guards, the in the dense throng who heard the words War Department Guards, the Ordway Ri¬ began a hand clapping and cheering that fles, and the Emmett Guards. The lest company was followed by the hospital shamed the buffoon into precipitous re¬ squad and the Bicycle Corps. treat. Here followed President’s Troop A, Dis¬ For spectators it came near being a trict 'National Guard, and then a line of perfect day for parade purposes. For the the Sixth United States Cavalry and the i marchers it was one of intense discom¬ carriages containing the executive party, i In the carriages were the president and ! fort. The regulars stood the heat much Col. John Wilson, Secretary Lamont, Sec¬ better than the militia boys. Only one retary Smith, Secretary Herbert, and regular was so overcome by the heat that other distinguished gentlemen, including he was forced to leave the ranks, and that Senators and Members of Congress. was Private Martin, ol' Troop H, Sixth Last in line were the organizations made up of survivors of the war—the Cavalry. Several members of the District Loyal Legion, Union Veteran Union, Un¬ Guard were similarly affected. ion Veteran Legion, the Old Guard, Grand A noteworthy feature of the parade was Army of the Republic, and kindred bodies. that it started from the point of congrega¬ tion promptly on time and was in the BORN A SOLDIER AND DEMOCRAT. alignment of the original marching orders with but one exception. There had been His Military Achievements Gave Him the some misunderstanding as to which troop Title of‘‘Hancock the Superb.” should be the immediate escort of Presi¬ Gen. Hancock was born a Democrat and dent Cleveland and party. The officers of - - * ms ardent rmi'Hiai tempera merit. H soldief. ris a politician, he led his party I gained a reputation for his mastei. into d feat, but Grant said he never com- army business and his knowledge of mittec “a battle blunder.” Gen. Sher- regulations. man cnce said he would sign the best Sewn Years n Quartermaster. thins hat could be written about Han¬ Returning to service, he spent seven cock as an officer and a gentleman. He years as Quartermaster, stationed at St. was acknowledged the most conspicuous Douis, serving under Gen. W. S. Harney of all the Federal officers who did not against the Seminole Indians in the Kan¬ have a separate command. What he sas troubles, and in the Gentile-Mormon knew about infantry and could do with complications. In 1861 he was called East infantry let Williamsburg, Fredericks¬ to aid in the organization of the Army of burg, Gettysburg, and the salient at the Potomac. At that time he was thirty- Spottsylvania testify. ‘‘He could conduct i seven years old. He served as a Captain a march over bad roads,” said one who under McClellan at Williamsburg, where served on his staff, ‘‘better than any other he made a reputation for displaying per- officer in the Federal or Confederate | feet command over his men at exactly army.” He had the reputation of being the proper mqment. It was just after the the most agreeable officer to serve under battle of Williamsburg that McClellan tel- in the Department of the Potomac, and i egraphed Dincoln that “Hancock was su¬ he was considered one of the most heroic¬ perb.” looking commanders in the civil war. He When Israel B. Richardson, command¬ was a perfect blonde, six feet tall, power¬ ing the First Division of Sumner’s Second fully formed, yet easy and graceful in Corps, was killed at Piper’s house, McClel- his movements, and possessed handsome, I lan unhesitatingly advanced Hancock from strong features, stamped with an expres¬ I a Captain to a Brigadier General and or- sion of authority. He was always well 1 dered him to command the First Division dressed, and few officers looked better in of the Second Corps. An hour later he a saddle. rode down the line at Antietam to take Gen. McClellan’s appellation, ‘‘the su¬ up the sword that had fallen from Rich¬ ardson’s dying hand. Without u mo¬ perb Hancock,” clung to him through his ment’s delay he stepped to the higher life, principally on account of his superb command and became a perfect division appearance in the saddle. Conscious of leader, commanding at Frazier’s Farm his otiSi appearance, he always rode a , and South Mountain. After the battle of horse (if “superb” appearance. Gen. Fran- | Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, by the retirement of Gen. Couch, Hancock cis A. Walker, who was on his staff, says was made full commander of the Second that he rode "a black charger.” It is re¬ Army Cors. From that time he was des¬ corded only once that he was seen on an tined to distinguish himself in a series of inferior horse. At Chancefi°rsvil*e his hard fights. Gettysburg was his first en¬ animal was shot from under him, and he i gagement after Gen. George G. Meade succeeded Gen. Hooker in the command could secure nothing but a horse hardly of the Army of the Potomac. When large enough to allow his feet to clear Meade learned that Reynolds was sudden¬ the ground. He was first called “the su¬ ly killed as the Gettysburg fight was com¬ perb” by McClellan, who telegraphed Din- ing on he at once ordered Hancock to coin the result of an engagement in Vir¬ take Reynolds' command. ginia, that “Hancock was superb.” Took Reynolds’ Sword at Gettysburg. Miperb as an Entertainer. Gen. Hancock had been made a division As an'entertainer he was also superb. commander only three weeks previously, He had'a reputation on the battle-field but without a moment’s delay he stepped as an en'tertainer, and yet he was always to the command of three army corps over a soldier and disciplinarian of the highest Howard and Sickles, both his seniors in degree. .Notwithstanding, he would fre¬ rank. Gen. Meade’s attention was called quently mtertain with a glass of wine a to that fact, but he said he must have subordin ite officer who might chance in Hancock, whom he could trust, and the his tent, and it was a common thing for Second Army Corps command was turned him to offer a glass of wine to any Con¬ over to Gibson. Hancock hurried to Get¬ federate1 officer brought to his tent as a tysburg. On his way he met the so!efrfy~ prisoner. But he was impulsive, and ambulance bearing the lifeless body of when his men blundered he indulged in the gallant Reynolds, whom he was to the most extravagant use of profanity. succeed in command. In the changes of time, two statues are He was one of twin brothers, born to be unveiled, one to Reynolds and one in a village knotvn as Montgomery Square, to Hancock. Although Reynolds died Montgomery County, Md., February 14, many years before Hancock, his statue 1S24, of English ancestry. He studied at will be unveiled last. It will stand on home and at the Norristown (Pa.) Acade¬ the spot where he fell at Gettysburg, and it is a singular fact that a part of the my, developing an early love for the army, same clay which composed the Hancock and entering West Point at the age of statue is now being used by Sculptor Elli- sixteen. He graduated July 1, 1844, and cott on his beautiful model of the Rey¬ was brevetted Second Dieutenant, Sixth nolds statue. Reynolds lost l.is life, and Infantry, being assigned to Fort Towson, the Superb Hancock succeeded him to reap the glory of Gettysburg, where he I. T. He was commissioned in 1847 and commanded the left center, the main ordered to the Mexican frontier, where point attacked by the Confederates. He he fought with Dongstreet, Pickett,, Ar- was shot from his horse, and, although mistead, and Ed. Johnson, all of whom he dangerously wounded, he remained on met as enemies in the civil war. He ad¬ the field until he saw the enemy’s assault vanced with Gen. Scott upon the Mexican broken. When he was carried off the capital and served in four other battles, field he sent a message to Ge.i. Meade, by for which he was brevetted First Dieu¬ his brother, John, saying that there wras tenant tor gallant and meritorious con¬ “not a rebel in sight, upright.” His com¬ duct. When he returned to his home in mand furnished 4,000, or about half the Pennsylvania from his first'campaign his I dead, at Gettysburg, and it captured 4.SU0 father wanted him to resign' from the prisoners. There was always a difference army and study law, but army life suited I between Gen. Howard and Gen. Han- w ■ ■ COCK anoui uic immun m—wnxcii'xiaTfCOCK HancoctTand BayaraJhaiTa close raceTOr assumed copimancl at Gs'ctf'shurg, but the Democratic nomination. On the third' the battle’s history binds the names of ballet Hancock was nominated unani¬ Hancock and Gettysburg inseparably to¬ mously. gether. In 1886 Congress passed -a special resolution, thanking Hancock for nis serv¬ His Defeat for the Rrosiilencv. ices at Gettysburg. He bore his defeat with dignity and A Wound in His Right T,eg. good humor. He gracefully retired once After the battle he was confined to his more to army life at Governor’s Island, room, and suffered greatly with an ugly where he entertained all comers with his wound, which was in the fieshy part of usual hospitality. At that period he had his right leg. and failed to heal. His ill¬ as many real admirers as any man in the j ness caused a decided physiological country. In the summer of 1881 he made change. He became very stout, and the im¬ his last conspicuous public appearance in j pressiveness of his carriage and hearing the discharge of all the Grant "funeral ar¬ was diminished. When he grow better he rangements. He commanded the column ! was engaged for a year recruiting the which poured through the streets of New Second Army Corps. Then he again be¬ York and laid the great chieftain to rest. came its commander, and took part in He did not perform any very active pub¬ the battles of the Wilderness, Spotsyl¬ lic duty after that. Many persons thought vania, Cold JIarbor, Petersburg, I>eep he would be made Lieutenant General be¬ Bottom, Ream’s Station, and Boynton fore he died, but it was not until he lay Road. At Spottsylvania he helpel to form upon his dying bed that Congress repent¬ the “bloody angle,” and captured 4,(TO ed for not having made him the head of prisoners. the army, and a bill was hurried through He was made Brigadier General in the both branches making him a General. regular army in 1864. In November, 1864, j While the President's signature was wet ithe parchment was Dlaced in his dying he was called to Washington and directec :o consider himself “specially charged with «hand. But he passed away still “Han¬ cock the superb” in the public £6tima- the security of the Capitol, the public Ition. buildings, and the President.” At that time of dread and suspense no officer's He was buried at Norristown, Pa., the coming could have brought more relief to home of his boyhood. A public subscrip¬ the city. It was under his command that tion was taken up for Mrs. Hancock, A fund of ?55,000 was invested for her h»n. the accomplices of Lincoln’s assassin were efit, and she was presented with a hand¬ brought to trial, convicted, and executed. some residence. She died in Gramercy When the middle military department was Park, N. Y., in 1893. A bust of Gen. Han¬ organized he was put in command and cock was placed in Hancock Square, New stationed in Baltimore. In 1866 he was ap¬ Y'ork, the same year. pointed Major General in the regular army and was sent to Kansas to suppress the turbulent Indians. In 1867 the President HANCOCK. ordered him to New Orleans in command of the Fifth Military District. Then lfe To-day we proudly dedicate came in collision with those who were di¬ A monument ot matchless mold " recting the course of reconstruction in the To this grand hero o£ the State, lately insurgent States. As soon as he Whose heart was pure as virgin geld. reached the South he discovered the disa¬ The victor’s crown rests on his head, X'o more his serried columns jar; greeable duty before him, and in his char¬ He views the heroas whom he led acteristic, artful fashion, he proceeded to On many a blooldy field o£ war. issue his famous “general order No. 40,” in direct opposition to the principles of Long ages yet shall look upon the reconstructionists. This glor'ous warrior brave and true* Who drew his sword in “Sixty-one,” ITlrposlv Sided with tile South. And battled for tiie Union “Blue;” In brief, he purposely sided with the A “Blue'’ that never yet knew fear South, because he had done his duty as a Of foreign or domestic foe. And with its stars from year to year soldier, and he believed that as peace had Shall shine as centuries come and go. been declared, the South had the “right to resume its natural dominion.” Com¬ And even when brass and bronze shall fade. And granite crumbles to the dust. menting on his order, Gen. Walker says, in His deeds shall shine o’er sea and glade. his life of Hancock: “He was a Democrat Unsullied by corroding rust. by birth and breeding, a thorough believer And while the Ke'ystone State shall live ■ To bind the arc-h that spans this land. in the honor, good feeling, and essential Our praise and love wre'll freely give patriotism of the Southern people.” He To one so noble,1 pure, and grand. requested to be transferred to a more Old Fredericksburg, the Wilderness, agreeable post, and was stationed at Gov¬ Cold Harbor with its bloody name. ernor’s Island, in command of the Division Shall still our minds and hearts impress of the Atlantic. To glorify his well-earned fame; And Gettysburg, with ail its woe. The war was over, and no man la d Shall keep his deeds as fresh and bright aside the bitter feelings more gracefully Within the soul of friend or foe than Hancock. In the Democratic Na¬ As glittering stars in arctic night. tional Convention of 1868 he was present¬ And while for freedom we shall sing, ed as a Presidential candidate. Grant We'll not forget our Hancock's name; ( being the Republican nominee, some Among rand men—a prince and king, .thought that a soldier should be put up A towering crag of earthly fame; against him. Gov. Seymour, of New The man that Spottsylvania’s field York, receiving the nomination, Hancock Shall long embalm in song and story, retired from the campaign, and when A hero who would never yield— Grant was inaugurated he was sent to A blaze of war's unfading glory. St. Paul to command the Department of At Petersburg, through shot and shell, Dakota. When Meade died, in 1872, and He held his onward, upward way. Sheridan having become Lieutenant Gen¬ Where crater fires were belching hell, eral, Hancock was the senior Major Gen¬ And Satan ruled the fearful day; eral of the army. He was again trans¬ With charge on charge he faced the foe ferred to the command of the division of Tovfly like leaves before the blast, the Atlantic. Political scandal was em¬ 'Twas^all he knew) or cared to know— ulated about the superb in the Tilden The CTiion cause [must win at last. se, but he outlived all of it. When the sidential campaign jof 1880 was on. 4* Into Harrisburg from some remote point he 'Hancock, the typs umtitti'iy Bimu, &hall teach to men and states unborn invariably finds his way to the flag room. That liberty Is out- stronghold | Under some of these banners, perhaps, lie From darkest night to brightest morn; tfought and bled. It not infrequently hap¬ That this republic, now, as then, Can stand against the world at large—■ pens, especially when some army reunion is With loaders and with loyal men held at the. capital, for a bystander to hear To face the fiercest, wildest charge. ■the old veterans recount story after story of the war. The flags arouse their eloquence No_ slave pollutes this glorious land. No tyrant breathes our radiant air. and reminiscence after reminiscence occurs From shore to shore we still withstand to them. The growling lion in his lair; The flags in themselves speak forcibly of And to the soldier we shall give The victor's wreath and laurel crown-. the awful struggle. They are torn by shot Imperial honors, while we live—• jand shell and in some cases but little re¬ Immortal glory and renown. mains save the flagstaff itself. He stooped not to the rabble crowd, : Many of them can boast a score of hot en¬ Nor cringed before a party lash. gagements and it is little wonder that the He d|d his duty plain and proud. (sight of these blood-stained and battle- A Sidney in his charge and dash; iscarred emblems brings a torrent of pulsing A mind where valor reigned alone, A cavalier of God-like form; memories to the hearts of the old soldiers. A bugle blast of purest tone— ■ These flags led them through many a hot A Bayard in the roaring storm. (Contest, the sight of of their folds, waving at And when the fires of war had eeftsed. [the front of battle, nerved many a faltering The Constitution was his guide; [heart, and they have the power to-day to To ail mankind he spread a feast, kindle an undying patriotism and a lofty | Proclaiming peace both far and wide; courage. The State of Pennsylvania has good ; And all his acts from day to day M ere honest, broad, and kind, and trus^ [reason to guard these flags with strictest j For justice for the conquered "Gray," [vigilance. They are a sacred history of the i And justice for the "Boys in Blue." past and a sure pledge for the future. No monument, however great, Can symbolize his word and deed; No flag has a more thrilling and romantic He looks the soldier of the State. history than that belonging to the Twenty- Bestride (hat bronze, heroic steed. And Ellicott may well be proud sixth Regiment. In reality the flag itself is To gaze upon his matchless art, gone, only the flagstaff remaining to tell the While cheers and praises from the crowd silent and eloquent story of those bloody Find echo in his heaving heart. days. From its first entrance into the war While lauding Hancock to the skies. the regiment was almost constantly engaged | And standing round his sculptured form. in active service. Although it was only for Let's not forget to recognize a brief period outside the boundaries of Vir¬ The rank and file who braved the storm; ginia, it endured many long and fatiguing Who bared their breasts where bullets flew Who fell in valley, glade, and glen; marches. Its campaigning commenced upon Who died in shot-torn rags of blue; the Peninsula and ended midway in the Who starved in loathsome prison pen. Wilderness; its first experience was in the Let's rear a towering shaft of stone. trenches before Yorktown; months of hot To pierce the blue and arching sky, fighting thinned the ranks most woefully, To some dead picket, name. “Unknown,’*' until at Pamunky only a few of the original Who gave our laud his parting sigh; And on the top we'll place his form members were left to dare the whizzing To catch eternal, morning light, shells and the roar of cannon. At the breast¬ To stand through sunshine and thr'oueh storm \ works of Pamunky the regiment, as a regi¬ For Freedom, Union, God. and Right! ’ \ ment, appeared for the last time. On the JOHN A. JOYCE. fifth of June, 1864, the regiment was for¬ mally disbanded at Independence Hall. The Twenty-sixth Regiment was organized soon after the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, and together with the Twenty-seventh it formed the From,.J Washington Brigade. In the latter part of January, 3.861, Colonel William F. Small, of Philadelphia, commander of the regiment, tendered the services of his men to President Buchanan. The President complimented the regiment upon its patriotism and prompt¬ ness, but declined the offer, believing that Date extreme measures would not be reached. When Sumter was fired on another tender Was made, and the Secretary of War, Simon (Cameron, immediately accepted the offer. s^-jjpFORIG^ ATTLE JfEAGS HOW THE FADED AND TORJN BANNERS CARRIED THROUGH . THE WAg ,JLY THE STATE’S BRAVE SOLDIERS :AREPRESERVED AT HARRISBURG. There is one place in Harrisburg which Un the eveirnig ofWprii IS the meiT'af; never fails to attract a crowd of visitors. pempted to reach Washington, but in Balti It is the old flag room in the museum of the f new building, and it is a never failing source of interest. The old veterans go there again and again, and whenever a soldier strays i A iSf nZ J ? Were iK"v"1-v assailed “s.w. One of the men was lulled and several were wounded. They were force* to vltLTZ THE FLAGS OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND NINETEENTH REGIMENT L Philadelphia. On May 25 they were mus¬ that regiment. Christian Snyder, a pri¬ tered in for three years, the muster being vate of Company F, fatally wounded in the dated back to May 5. battle of the Wilderness, voiced the feelings William F. Small, of Philadelphia, was of all his comrades when he cried with his made colonel; Rush Van Dyke, of Philadel¬ last breath: “I do not fear to die, but the phia, lieutenant colonel, and Casper M. flag, the flag!” Berry, of Philadelphia, major. The flag Another flag, eloquent by the very absence waved above the gallant soldiers at York- of silken folds, is that of the Fifth Cavalry, town. Fair Oaks, Bristoe Station, Bull Run, known also as the Sixty-fifth Regiment. Not Fredericksburg, the Rappahannock, Chancel- a vestige of the dear old flag remains to¬ lorsville, Gettysburg, Wapping Heights, day. There are only the battered flagstaff Mine Run, the Wilderness, at Pamunky, and the gay streamers left to tell of the gory and in many other lesser engagements. It fields and fearful carnage. The Fifth Cav¬ was not strange that the flag which followed alry was recruited under the authority of the them through all their defeats and victories, Secretary of War on July 6, 1861. At first and for whose sake they were jeopardizing it was known as the Cameron Dragoons. It all that mortality holds dear, should have be¬ was among the first of the three year regi¬ come sacred in the eyes of every man in ments raised. The first ten companies were - from Philallelphia. The last two from Pitts¬ 1 ohanicsnfl’IT pike,' 331 officers'ann men were burg. The' field officers were: Max Fried¬ ! mustered out of service. On June 6 the re¬ man? colonel; Philip Becker, lieutenant col¬ mainder of the Fifth was consolidated with onel: J. L. Moss, Stephen E. Smith and E. j the Third Pennsylvania, and on August 7 M. B'ofeler, majors. As fast as recruited ! all were mustered out at Richmond. jthe companies were sent to camp on'Ridge Near by the flag of the Fifth hang the torn avenue, near Girard College. On August 22 : and tattered folds of the flags of the Twenty- the regiment left-for Washington. | ninth Regiment. Under the call of the Presi¬ dent of May 3, 18(51, for forty additional regi¬ The Fifth was engaged in many daring ments. John K. Murphy was authorized to and exciting battles. It was much of the organize a regiment for three years' service. time on thfe Peninsula engaged in scouting The order to recruit was issued on May 15. and skirmishing. At Newmarket Heights, and the work was at once commenced in the Chopin’s Farm, Darbytown Road, Baltimore building which occupied the site of the pres¬ Cross Roads, Gravel Run, Stauton Bridge, ent Post Office in Philadelphia. The regi¬ Ream’s Station, Bermuda Hundreds, Notto¬ ment was recruited, uniformed and rationed, way Bridge, Appomattox Court House and previous to its muster, without any assist¬ at other pUaces as well the Fifth Cavalry ance from the government. The mustering again and again proved its dauntless in¬ commenced on July 1 and was completed on trepidity and sterling patriotism. More than July 29. At first it was known as the Jack- once the Fifth was personally complimented son Regiment, but later its name was by the commanding officer for its fearless¬ changed to the Twenty-ninth. The officers ness and promptness in the obeying of or-, were John K. Murphy, colonel; Charles A. ders. After the fight at Appomattox Court Parham, lieutenant colonel, and Michael House, in. which it fought with characteris¬ Scott, major. It was put in camp at Pleas¬ tic daring,-the tidings of Lee’s overtures for ant Valley and thoroughly disciplined. a surrender crept around. At first the ru¬ mors were heard incredulously. Then when At Winchester the Twenty-ninth held the the glad news at last received ample con¬ Louisiana Tigers in check for some five firmation the Fifth broke into wildest huzzas, hours, giving time for our train of five hun¬ and marched off towards Lynchburg playing dred wagons to get well on the way towards “Hail Columbia” with tremendous energy ! the Potomac. Seven officers, including Col¬ and spirit. On the 19th of May, at Me- onel Murphy, and 148 privates were taken niMKnne.rs_.at last by the “Tigers.” In the (npleasant experiences ALL THAT REMAINS OF THE TWENTY-ljllNTH’S COLORS THE SECOND RESERVES’ SHOT-TORN BANNERS the officers were regularly exchanged^htToh Ttr tne~ Twenty-ninth was conspicuous. It October 22 Colonel Murphy again assumed struggled on in the darkness, seeking to command of the crippled and weakened obey orders, amid plots and counterplots, on Twenty-ninth. He again got the regiment unknown ground, against a powerful veteran into condition, however, and it saw active division of Longstreet's army that knew service at Fredericksburg Road. Gettysburg, every foot of the ground, and which compre¬ Hill’s Lookout, Wauhatchie Junction and hended fully the weakness and ignorance of our men. Lookout Mountain. At Lookout the^bra'very ’ * l] mental organization was completed, the oC- The Twenty-ninth was with Sherman at J fleers being M. Schlaudecker, colonel: George Atlanta, and took part in that wearisome i A. Cobham, Jr., lieutenant colonel; Thomas but ever glorious march to the sea. There i M. Walker, major. Governor Curtin ordered were terrible hardships endured, there, long the regiment "to march on the 24th from i marches, incessant skirmishings, the toil of "I its present quarters, to the citv of Haiti- 1 crossing swamps and rapid streams, and the I more, reporting at Harrisburg on its wmy. I never-ending vigilance needed lest the enemy long enough to receive its equipments.” The should surprise them. On the 20th of De¬ men reached Harrisburg via Cleveland, Ohio, cember the enemy reached Savannah, and, and Pittsbug, and on the 26th were drawn after a feeble resistance, that city was cap¬ up in front of the arsenal, which was then tured. Then the victorious army marched i located on the Capitol Grounds. Arms and northward, reaching Goldsboro, N. C., on equipments were delivered to them, and the March 20, 1865. Here the Twenty-ninth State colors were presented to the regiment rested, and it well deserved to rest. On the by Governor Curtin in a stirring speech. On 17th of July it was mustered out of service March 1 the regiment reached Baltimore near Alexandria, Va. It was in the field and was quartered at the McKim Mansion four years and one month; it had a total Barracks. It urns at once put upon guard membership of 2,517, of which number only and drill duty until the middle of May, w-hen 718 were discharged at the expiration of it was sent to Harper's Ferry to reinforce their term of service. ; General Banks, w’ho tvas then retreating The One Hundred and Fifty-second Regi¬ j down the Shenandoah Valley before an over- ! ment, organized for garrison duty at Fortress i whelming force under Stonewall Jackson. Monroe, gained so many surplus recruits that The regiment from this time on was in the on April 1, 1864, the War Deperament or¬ ! thick of many tierce encounters. It left dered a call to be made for volunteers from imany heroes at Cedar Mountain, Antietam, this regiment to form a new one. Six hun¬ j Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Chattanooga, dred men at once responded to the call, and j Lookout Mountain, New- Hope Church and in less than a fortnight a new regiment, Atlanta. designated as the One Hundred and Eighty- eighth. was formed. George R. Bowen was On the second of September the One Hun- appointed lieutenant colonel and Francis H. Reicbard major. A large proportion of the I dred and Eleventh with other forces, all men had served in other organizations, more under Lieutenant Colonel Walker, was*sent than 300 having been in the Reserve Corps. in advance to the city of Atlanta. General As soon as the regiment was armed and i Ferguson's rebel cavalry retreated before \ equipped it was ordered to the field. The them. At 10 A. M. they arrived in front of ' regiment was engaged at Proctor's Creek, the city and soon the entire command with ; Bermuda Hundred and Petersburg. At Fort j the colors of the One Hundred and Eleventh Harrison the Union forces would hardly 1 and the Sixtieth New York at the head of the have been able to seize that strongly forti¬ column moved in and occupied Atlanta, and, fied position but for the timely aid of I amid the wild cheering of the soldiers, the the One Hundred and Eighty-eighth, well stars and stripes were flung to the Southern schooled in the use of the fortress guns. breeze above City Hall. Until November These they seized and turned upon the foe. 16 the One Hundred and Eleventh remained The rebel stronghold, with all its gunS and | on guard duty in Atlanta. Then it took part small arms, was taken. There was a dreary j in the capture of Savannah, in the Carolina season following in the fall, and then the | campaign, and, finally, after the surrender monotony of camp life was disturbed only of Johnston, the regiment marched to Wash¬ by sharp skirmishings occasionally until ington, where it participated in the grand re¬ March 4, 1865. On that day the brigade to ■ view of the national armies. The regiment which the One Hundred and Eighty-eighth [ wms here ordered to report to General Augur, belonged moved down the James and up the commandant of the city. By him it was Rappahannock to Fredericksburg. They assigned to the duty of guarding the Old landed at various places to the great con¬ Capitol, the Carroll and other prisons. It sternation of the rebels, destroying Confed¬ wms finally mustered out of service on the erate stores and seizing their supplies. These 19th of July. supplies they sent to Sheridan. On April 3 strange rumors reached them. The regi¬ Near the close of July, 1S62, Peter C. Ell- ment, tvith others, was hastily marched to maker, of Philadelphia, who had organized i Richmond, and were there in all the fearful in the spring of 1861 a regiment for home discord of exploding magazines and bursting duty knowm as the “Gray Reserves,” re¬ shells. After quiet was restored the regi¬ ceived authority from Governor Curtin to ment went into camp across the James. raise a regiment for three years’ service. There was little more of adtive service, al¬ Recruiting commenced on the 5th of August, though the regiment w’as on guard and pro¬ and on the 31st, before the organization had vost duty until Decen®>er 14, when the men been perfected, it wms ordered to Washing¬ were finally mustered out of service at City ton. There it was temporarily assigned to Point. Most of the men were veterans in duty at the Arsenal. The following officers the serv]iee, and no flag waved above more were appointed: Peter C. Ellmaker, colonel; loyal and patriotic hearts than did the flag Gideon Clark, lieutenant colonel; Charles C. of" the One Hundred and Eighty-eighth. Knight, major. Two days after the battle of Antietam it was ordered to fatigue duty on the nothern defenses of the capital and Torn and shattered and battle-scarred are was employed in the construction of Fort the three flags carried so bravely by the Mansfield and Fort Reno. A month later it One Hundred and Eleventh Regiment of joined the Army of the Potomac, still in Pennsylvania Volunteers. This regiment was camp near Antietam, and wms there assigned principally recruited in the counties of Erie, to the First Brigade, Second Division. Sixth Warren and Crawford, under authority Corps. It took a courageous part in the granted by the Secretary of War on Sep¬ Fredericksburg campaign; in the skirmishing tember 2, 1861, to M. Schlaudecker, a resi¬ jHpngJbe Jtappahannock; in the encounters dent of Erie. The men were sent to Camp at Salem Church, Gettysburg, Spottsylvania, Reed, near Erie, and were there mustered Winchester, Petersburg and Appomattox into service. On January 24, 1862, a regi- the one hundred and eleventh brought back bare poles Court House. After Lee's surrender the reg¬ iment remained in.camp at Burkesville Sta¬ last week of May. Old Christ Church* con- | tion until the 17th: on June 6 it proceeded to ! tributed some 4,500 articles of clothing for j the men. The men, in fact, were supplied , Philadelphia and was there mustered out of service on the 19th. with such clothing as was necessary by the j different congregations of the city. On May i 29 the regiment under Colonel Mann went The Second Reserve Regiment was princi¬ into camp at Camp Washington, near Eas- j pally recruited in the city of Philadelphia ton. Strict discipline commenced at once. under the supervision of William B. Mann. This regiment experienced much trouble in The companies were mustered into State ser¬ getting mustered into service. Confusion ] vice by Captain Henry J. Biddle during the » i existed-;at WWashington ; thfTotficers> to accept the men; they had trouble getting Unrchanommy, Malvern Hill, snarjisourg, rations; discontent broke out; then, when Fredericksburg and Gettysburg. When the the mustering officers finally appeared the invasion of Pennsylvania became imminent men were required to take the oath of alle¬ the Reserves were at Fairfax Station, Va. giance three times. Finally out of the 1,001 They sent on June 17, 1863, an urgent peti¬ •if: men who had marched so cheerfully from tion to the commander-in-chief asking that home only 400 remained; the rest entered they be allowed to march at once to the de¬ other organizations, declaring that a “man fense of their State. On the 25th the wel¬ in the Second Reserves needed to carry a come orders were received. The First Bri¬ Bible around with him al! of the time for the gade. together with the Third, was attached purpose of making oath.” The Reserves , to the Fifth Corps. took part in the engagements at Dranesville ' Manassas Junction, Tunstalls Station, at the On July 2 the regiment reached the battle- rjgrx | fielcf and at 5 o’clock in the afternoon; when ’“tten per' cent,'\and pver killed, in propor¬ ; the Third Corps was overpowered by the im¬ tion to their enrollment, six are from Penn¬ mense numbers of the enemy, the First sylvania, Wisconsin following hard on with 1 Brigade was ordered forward. They burst four regiments. The killed and mortally forth then gallantly and irresistibly. The wounded in these tables are always counted enemy retreated before their desperate on- I as killed. slaught. The regiment played a more cru¬ According to these same records, Pennsyl¬ cial part on the fateful field of Gettysburg vania furnished, reduced to a three years’ : than is generally realized. In the campaign basis, 265,517 soldiers for the war, and on j of the Wilderness the regiment acted with paper the regimental enumeration ran from I equal valor—it was idolized by all Pennsyl-! one to 215, but while figures cauuot lie, they vania. When the clouds of war began to very often, as In this case, are misleading, break honors and congratulations poured in for, by the same authority, our State raised ; upon the gallant Reserves. The first battle 254 regiments and 95 independent companies fought by the Second Reserves was at Me-* of infantry and cavalry and 19 batteries of ' chauicsville; its last battle, three years later, '■j artillery. occurred about the same place (near Shady This apparent discrepancy can be explained j Grove Church) and at about the same hour by stating that over forty regiments of mili¬ of the day—2 P. M. The regiment gained a tia were put in the field from time to time, brilliant victory; this, its last battle, was besides many independent companies. really fought five days after its term of ser- I vice had expired. Adding 40 to 215 the figures are not far J These are but a few of the reminiscences wrong. Some regiments, notably Coulter’s { that cluster around the battle flags of this old Eleventh and the Tw7enty-third, re-en¬ State, now permanently displayed in the new- listed from the three months’ service, retain¬ Capitol buildings. It is not strange that old ing their original numbers, while on the ! soldiers turn their feet thither, drawn as by other hand many embryo regiments failed to | an irresistible magnet. They speak to the ■ complete their organizations, notably the I young, as well as to the veterans, telling of Eighty-sixth, Ninety-fourth, One Hundred the high patriotism and unselfish loyalty and Twentieth, One Hundred and Forty- which saved the tattered folds from rebel I, fourth, One Hundred and Forty-sixth, One gesecratjon. jf If Hundred and Fifty-sixth, One Hundred and Sixty-fourth, One Hundred and Seventieth and One Hundred and Eighty-ninth, their recruits being assigned to fill up other in¬ complete regiments. A study of Pennsylvania’s fifty fighting ‘ regiments—that is, the first fifty regiments that lost the most men killed in action—re- veal many interesting facts and upset many popular fallacies of the fame and claim of certain regiments to the top notch of glory in the w'ar. The basis of the standing of the different regiments is deducted from the proportion of men enrolled to the num¬ ber killed and mortally w'ounded, and it will be w'ell to bear in mind, as some regiments ! had more than twice as many men enrolled | than others, and the only equitable rule ,is j ’ to take this standard. A remarkable fact is that the fourteen regi¬ our heroes m ments heading this ghastly list are country boys, nearly all being raised in the western part of the State. Not that the western regiments were better THE REBELLION fighters than those from the East, but they were ordered into hotter places and lost more men during those terrible four years of fight¬ MORE PENNSYLVANIA SOLDIERS KILLED ing. THAN FROM ANY OTHER STATE. Competent judges state that most of the city regiments were incomparable in disci¬ pline and pluck, and always went in and stayed where they were ordered, but the THE RECORDS OF THE REGIMENTS records show that the Western lads did \ harder fighting, if loss in battle counts, than any regiments from the east side of the 1 Out of Twenty-Two Regiments in the State. Another astonishing thing, that when ; Union Army That Uost Over 15 Per Cent. the percentages are stood up in line the j cavalry and artillery are not in it with the Killed, Six Were From the Keystone State. dough boys when good real hard fighting is A Surprising Fact is That the Second Year on the field. Regiments Lost More Mon Than the First. For the cavalry branch, the First Regiment heads the list with a percentage of 6.40, and According to the official records, Pennsyl¬ Cooper’s Battery B, First Pennsylvania Light vania soldiers suffered a greater percentage Artillery, leads off for the big gun's with a of killed in battle in the war for the sup¬ loss of 6.32 per cent., hut nearly seventy-five pression of the rebellion than the troops of infantry regiments exceed those figures. any other State in the Union. Of the forty- Another eye-opener is that the old regi¬ five infantry regiments In the Union army ments that so nobly marched to the front iu who lost in action over two hundred killed ’61, the first year of the war, do not head and mortally wounded, eleven are from the this glorious list, as might reasonably he Keystone State, six from New' York and six expected, but the regiments who went out In from Massachusetts. the second year of the strife are at the front. Of the twenty-two regiments losing fif- The One Hundred and Fifteenth was the last tal deaths. 252. regiment't.o leave tor tire war. the next No. 13. Sixty-third Regiment, Colonel A. Instalment marching away during the sum- Hays*, Third Corps; recruited in Allegheny liner of '02, and these are the men who served and Clarion. Enrolled, 1,341; killed, 186— the shortest time and went down fastest by 13.86 per cent. Total deaths, 320. the missiles of the enemy. No. 14. Fifth Reserves, Colonel Simmons*, The most of our regiments fought in the Army of the Potomac, hence their great loss, Fifth Corps; recruited in Centre, Uaueastev as the fiercest fighting unquestionably was and middle counties. Enrolled, 1,016; killed, between that army and the Confederate 141—13.48 per cent. Total deaths, 209. Army of Northern Virginia. The big fight No. 15. Eighty-first Regiment, Colonel began and practically ended in the East. Miller*, Second Corps; recruited in Phila¬ Of seventy Union generals killed in action delphia. Carbon and Luzerne. Enrolled, forty-nine went down in the East, and of 1,608; killed, 208—12.93 per cent. Total I seventy-three Confederate generals forty-five deaths, 306. ! lost their lives east of the Alleghenies, No. 16. Ninth Reserves, Colonel Jackson*, j In designating the regiments the name of Fifth Corps; recruited in Allegheny, Beaver the first colonels are given, the army corps and Crawford. Enrolled, 1,088; killed, 137— I to which the regiment was attached, where 1-2.59 per cent. Total deaths. 187. recruited, total number on the rolls, per¬ No. 17. One Hundred and Fifth Regiment, centage killed and mortally wounded, car- Colonel McKuight*, Third Corps, Wild Cat j ried in hundredths of a fraction, and total Regiment; recruited in Jefferson, Clarion number of deaths from all causes, including and western counties. Enrolled, 1,992; the killed in action. killed, 245—12.30 per cent. Total deaths, 384. A star after the colonel’s name indicates No. 18. One Hundred and Twenty-first Regi¬ that he was killed in battle. ment, Colonel Chapman Biddle, First Corps; recruited in Philadelphia and Venango coun¬ No. 1. One Hundred and Fortieth Regi¬ ty. Enrolled, 891; killed, 109—12.23 per cent. ment, Colonel Roberts*, attached to the Total deaths, 175. Second Corps; recruited in Washington, No. 19. Seventy-second Regiment, Colonel | Beaver, Greene and Mercer counties. En¬ Baxter, Fire Zouaves, Philadelphia Brigade, rolled. 1,132; killed, 198—17.40 per cent. Second Corps; recruited in Philadelphia. En¬ Total deaths, 326. rolled, 1,596; killed, 195—12.15 per cent. To¬ No. 2. One Hundred and Forty-second Regi¬ tal deaths, 264. ment, Colonel Cummins*, First Corps; re¬ cruited in Mercer, Union, western and cen¬ No. 20. Sixty-first Regiment, Colonel Rip- tral counties. Enrolled, 935; killed, 155—16.57 pey*. Sixth Corps; recruited in Philadelphia, per cent. Total deaths, 227. A-llegheny, Indiana and Luzerne. Enrolled, No. 3. Eleventh Reserves, Colonel Galla¬ 1,987; killed, 237—11.93 per cent. Total gher, Fifth Corps; recruited in Cambria and deaths, 338. Suffered a loss of 19 officers western counties. Enrolled, 1,179; killed, killed, more than in any regiment in the en¬ 196—16.44 per cent. Total deaths, 309. tire Union army. No. 4. One Hundred and Forty-first Regi¬ No. 21. Fifty-fifth Regimeilt, Colonel ment, Colonel Madill, Third Corps; recruited White, Tenth Corps; recruited in Bedford, in Bradford, Susquehanna and Wayne. En¬ Berks, Cambria, Dauphin, Indiana and rolled, 1,037; killed, 167—16.10 per cent. To-' Schuylkill. Enrolled, 1,758; killed, 20S—ll.SS tal deaths, 246. per cent. Total deaths, 479. ■ No. 5. One Hundred and Forty-eighth Regi¬ No. 22. One Hunderd and Nineteenth Regi¬ ment, Colonel Beaver, Second Corps; re¬ ment, Colonel Ellmaker, Sixth Corps; re¬ cruited in Centre, Clarion, Indiana and Jef¬ cruited in Philadelphia. Enrolled, 1,216; ferson. Enrolled, 1,339; killed, 210—15.60 per killed, 141—11.59 per cent. Total deaths, cent. Total deaths, 397. 213. No. 6. Eighty-third Regiment, Colonel Mc- No. 23. Forty-fifth Regiment. Colonel Lane*, Fifth Corps; recruited in Erie, Craw¬ Welsh, Ninth Corps; recruited in Tioga, Cen¬ ford and Forest. Enrolled, 1,808; killed, 282 tre and Lancaster. Enrolled, 1.960; killed, —15.06 per cent. Total deaths, 435. 227—11.58 per cent. Total deaths, 479. No. 7. Eighth Reserves, Colonel Hays, No. 24. Eleventh Regiment, Colonel Coul¬ Fifth Corps; recruited in western counties. ter, First Corps; recruited in Clinton. Cum¬ Enrolled, 1,062: killed, 158—14.87 per cent. berland, Allegheny, AVestmoreland, Lycom¬ Total deaths, 226. ing, Luzerne, Northumberland, Montour, No. 8. Forty-ninth Regiment, Colonel Ir¬ Carbon and Dauphin. Enrolled. 2,052; kill¬ win, Sixth Corps; recruited in Centre, Ches¬ ed, 236—11.50 per cent. Total deaths, 417. ter, Huntingdon, Mifflin and Juniata. En¬ No. 25. Ninety-sixth Regiment. Colonel rolled, 1,313; killed, 193—14.69 per cent. To¬ Jcake, Sixth Corps; recruited in Schuylkill tal deaths, 361. county. Enrolled, 1,153; killed, 132—11.44 No. 9. One Hundred and Thirty-ninth Regi¬ per cent. Total deaths, 219. ment, Colonel Collier, Sixth Corps; recruited No. 26. One Hundred and Forty-ninth Regi¬ in Allegheny.Armstrong, Mercer and Beaver. ment, Colonel Stone, Bucktail Brigade, First Enrolled, 1,070; killed, 191—14.11 per cent. Corps; recruited in Clearfield, Cameron, Al¬ , Total deaths, 236. legheny, Potter, Luzerne and Lebanon. En¬ i No. 10. One Hundred and Forty-fifth Regi¬ rolled,' 1,454; killed, 1Q4—11.28 per cent. ment, Colonel Brown, Second Corps; re- Total deaths, 336. 1 fruited in Erie, Warren, Crawford and No. 27. One Hundredth Regiment, Round- j Mercer. Enrolled, 1,456; killed, 205—13.91 heads, Colonel Leasure, Ninth Corps; re¬ j per cent. Total deaths, 207. cruited in Lawrence (six companies). But¬ No. 11. Tenth Reserves,Colonel McCalmont, ler, Beaver,Westmoreland,Mercer and Wash¬ Fifth Corps; recruited in Warren and west- ington. Enrolled, 2,014; killed, 224—11.12 I ern counties, Company D being from Jeffer- I per cent. Total deaths, 409. | son Cojlege and I from Allegheny College. No. 28. One Hundred and Fiftieth Regi¬ Enrolled, 1,150; killed, 160—13.91 per cent. ment, Colonel Wister, Bucktail Brigade, | Total deaths, 207. First Corps; recruited in Philadelphia, Craw¬ No. 12. Thirteenth Reserves, Old Buck- ford, McKean and Union. Enrolled, 1,008; tails, Colonel Biddle, Fifth Corps; recruited killed, 112—11.11 per cent. Total deaths, in Tioga, Perry, Cameron, Warren, Carbon, 207. ' , „ | Elk, Chester, McKean and Clearfield. En- No. 29. One Hundred and Eighteenth Reg¬ olled, 1,165; killedJ 102—13.90 per cent. To¬ iment, Corn Exchange, Colonel Prevost, Fifth Corps; recruited in Philadelphia. En- rolled, 1.270; killeh, 141—11.05 per cent. To- - No. 46. Eighty-eighth Regiment, Colon... ■ till deaths, 253. ' McLean, Cameron jilght Guard, First Corps; recruited in Philadelphia and Reading. En¬ No. 30. Sixty-second Regiment. Colonel rolled, 1,192; killed, 109—9.14 per cent. To¬ Black*. Third Corps; recruited in Allegheny, tal deaths, 181. Armstrong, Blair. Clarion and Jefferson. En¬ No. 47. First Reserves, Colonel Roberts, rolled. 1,571; killed, 169—10.09 per cent. Fifth Corps; recruited in Adams, Chester, Total deaths, 258. , Cumberland, Delaware, Lancaster and York, No. 31. Sixth Reserves, Colonel Ricketts, Company K, from Gettysburg. Enrolled, Fifth Corps; recruited in Bradford, Colum- 1,100; killed, 108—9.08 per cent. Total deaths i b bia, Dauphin, Franklin, Montour, Susque- 201. ■ hanna, Snyder, Tioga and Wayne. Enrolled, No. 48. Ninety-third Regiment, Colonel M. 1 1,050; killed, 110—10.47 per cent. Total Carter, Lebanon Infantry, Sixth Corps; re¬ deaths, 183. cruited at Lebanon. Enrolled, 1,908; killed No. 32. One Hundred and Eighty-eighth | 172—9.01 per cent. Total deaths, 274. Regiment, Colonel Bowen, Eighteenth Corps, No. 49. Forty-eighth Regiment, Colonel organized from the Third Heavy Artillery, Nagle, Ninth Corps; recruited in Schuylkill April, 1864. Enrolled, 1,201; killed, 124— county. Enrolled, 1,889; killed, 166-8 78 10.33 per cent. Total deaths, 192. per cent. Total deaths, 301. No. 33. Sixty-ninth Regiment, Colonel No. 50. One Hundred and Sixteenth Regi- • 'i Owens, Philadelphia Brigade, Second Corps; ment, Colonel Heenan, Irish Brigade, Second j recruited in Philadelphia. Enrolled, 1,715; Corps; recruited in Philadelphia, Schuylkill i killed, 178—10.32 per cent. Total deaths, and Pittsburg. Enrolled, 1,661; killed 145— 288. Composed largely of Irishmen. 8.72 per cent. Total deaths, 234. No. 34. Twelfth Reserves, Colonel Tag- ‘ gart, Fifth Corps; recruited in Philadelphia, After the One Hundred and Sixteenth the Bradford, Dauphin, Franklin, Huntingdon, regiments losing over 8 per cent, in killed Indiana, Northampton, Wyoming, Westmore- follow in this order: Fiftieth, Fifty-first I land and York. Enrolled, 1,100; killed 113— Seventy-sixth, Ninety-eighth, One Hundred ' 10.27 per cent. Total deaths, 181. and Second, Twenty-third, One Hundred and No. 35. One Hundred and Forty-third Reg¬ Eleventh and possibly the Seventh Reserves iment, Colonel Dana, First Corps; recruited Forty-seventh, Fifty-fourth ,and Seventy- in Luzerne, Lycoming,Susquehanna and Wy- ninth. In many cases the muster out rolls, * oming. Enrolled, 1,491; killed, 152—10.20 consolidations, etc., are so imperfect and in- ja .' per c'ent. Total deaths, 303. tricate that the totals can only be approxi¬ No. 36. Fifty-seventh Regiment, Colonel mated. Maxwell, Third Corps; recruited in Brad- In considering the total mortality in the' ford, Crawford, Mercer, Susquehanna, Tioga various regiments, deaths from wounds, dis¬ and AV.voming. Enrolled, 1,591; killed, 161— ease, etc., the One Hundred and Forty-eighth 10.12 per cent. Total deaths, 37S. leads the list with a percentage of 28.9—2S9 I No. 37. Second Reserves, Colonel Mann, dead men out of a thousand, and the One \ Fifth Corps; recruited in Philadelphia. En- Hundred and Fortieth stands next with . rolled, 850; killed, 86—10.11 per cent. Total | 28.8. deaths, 151. Those with the least mortality, that is out¬ side of the killed in action, whose men were No. 38. One Hundred and Sixth Regiment, unusually robust and healthy. Gosline’s Nine¬ Colonel Morehead, Philadelphia Brigade, Sec- ty-fifth heads the record with the very low ond Corps ".recruited in Philadelphia,Bradford, rate of 12.9, and the One Hundred and Six¬ Lycoming and Montgomery. Enrolled, 1,029; teenth follows with a per cent, of 14.1. killed, 104—10.10 per cent. Total deaths. 197. — — j No. 39. Fifty-third Regiment, Colonel Brooke, Second Corps; recruited in Blair, Chester, Centre, Clearfield, Montgomery, Pot¬ ter and Union. Enrolled, 1,993; killed, 200— 10.04 per cent. Total deaths, 394. No. 40. Forty-sixth Regiment, Colonel Knipe, Twelfth Corps; recruited in Alleghe¬ ny, Dauphin, Berks, Lehigh, Mifflin, North¬ ampton, Northumberland and Potter. En¬ rolled, 1,794; killed, 179—9.97 per cent. To¬ tal deaths, 317. No. 41. Twenty-sixth Regiment, Colonei Small, Third Corps; recruited in Philadel¬ phia. Enrolled, 1,523: killed, 120—9.78 per I cent. Total deaths, 222. No. 42. Seventy-first, Colonel Baker’s* Cal- 1 ifornla Regiment, Philadelphia Brigade, Sec¬ ond Corps-; recruited in Philadelphia. En¬ rolled, 1,655; killed, 161—9.73 per cent. Total deaths, 260. No. 43. Eighty-fourth Regiment, Colonel Murray*, Third Corps; recruited in Philadel¬ J phia, Blair, Lycoming, Westmoreland and From, other counties. Enrolled, 1,285; killed, 125— 9.72 per cent. Total deaths, 224. No. 44. Ninety-fifth Regiment Zouaves, Col- | 0% -c £ 1 > j onel Gosline*, Sixth Corps; recruited in Phil¬ <1 adelphia. Enrolled, 1,962; killed, 183—9.32 1 per cent. Total deaths, 255. No. 45. One Hundred and Fifty-fifth Regi- j Date, ./O' j .! ? , ment. Colonel Allen, Fifth Corps; recruited, in Allegheny, Armstrong and western coun¬ ties. Enrolled, 1.523; killed, 142—9.32 per¬ cent. Total deaths, 254. _ _1 The members of the Commonwealth Ar¬ tillery were foremost among the young men of culture in Philadelphia at the open- ing of the war, and Colonel Bowen, con¬ COLONEL E. ~ BOWEN, going tinuing, says: over Mr. Joh J. Kennedy's rec¬ "My old comrades who read this will doubtless recall with pleasure almost all ollections of i >rt Delaware, as the incidents of their sojourn at Fort Dela¬ published here in the notes and ware, especially being sent out of the tort queries of last Saturday, writes that Mr. and to the north of the pea patch to gather I Kennedy was inadvertently led into in¬ up hay for our bedding and the novelty and suddenness of the change in our accuracy on one or two points. According manner of living from the elegant and I to the Colonel, it was not “General Rey- luxury of the private citizen to the plain¬ I nolds, of Gettysburg fame,” but a Lieuten- ness and hardship of the private soldier. j ant Reynolds—who, he has heard, came We look back and smile as we remem¬ ber our first crude attempts at cooking from the South, and afterward went over the government rations which were issued to the Confederacy—that was ordered to ! to us; how relieved and thankful we were the front with a company of regulars. He when our kind friends sent us an exper¬ j also shows that none of the men at the ienced cook, and all that we had to do in the kitchen thereafter was to wait on fort in the summer of 1861' could have him, carry water, set the mess tables, [ been “rushed off to Antietam,” as the bat- wash the dishes, etc. Who of us will ever | tie of that name was not fought until the forget the visit of the “girls we left behind ! ! next year. Concerning the "Common- us,” who brought to us that beautiful flag : made by their own fair hands; its pre- : ! wealth Artillery,” which occupied the fort sentation to us by the Hon. Joseph a. j for three months. Colonel Bowen writes Clay; its reception by Captain Montgomery j me an interesting story. He says: and the characteristic and eloquent speech, The company had an existence prior to a eulogy' of woman, delivered by Captain the outbreak of the Rebellion and its de¬ Gibson? Who of us that heard it will ever 1 parture to’ Fort Delaware. When Pres¬ forget his description of woman as ‘that I harp of a thousand strings on which the j ident Lincoln called for 75,000 men for soldier always plays an octave higher ( three months, the company at once of¬ than a civilian?’ And how plainly the truth fered its services, and recruited its num¬ of the description was evidenced in the bers to the maximum. On the 24th of excursion parties from Delaware and New ! April, 1S61, captain commanding received Jersey, when the female portion of them orders to embark on the steamer Ariel immediately on landing on the island for¬ that evening. The company, ununiformed sook the beaux who had escorted them and j and without arms or accoutrements, had doubtless paid for their tickets, and marched from its armory on Broad street, clung to the arms of the ‘boys in blue?’ ‘ above Pine, to Independence Hall, where Who of us will ever forget the company speeches were made by Mayor Henry, meetings when our military status was Hon. Jos. A. Clay and others, while a discussed, and the question whether or not supper was being prepared at the Conti¬ we should provide our own uniforms was nental Hotel. We marched to the hotel, debated? How greatly our minds were re¬ | partook of the supper, and then moved lieved when we were by special orders of ! to the foot of Chestnut street and em¬ the War Department mustered into the barked on the Ariel. After putting on United States service? Do we not remem¬ board several boxes of arms and ammuni¬ ber those eight and ten-inch Columbias i tion from the United States Arsenal, the which now, in comparison with modern j Ariel steamed down the river, and by day¬ guns, are obsolete and worth only their , light we were off Fort Delaware, which weight as old metal, how we admired them j when captain commanding opened his or- and how we labored in mounting them on | . ders, was found to be our destination. We the parapet? How we left one fall from ! found the fort in command of Captain A. the parapet onto two others that were A. Gibson, Second United States Artillery, lying on the parade ground, ruining all and the garrison consisting of an ord¬ three, carrying away the guys and tackle nance sergeant and a few men of his and threatening destruction to all the de¬ department. We were quartered at first tail who were engaged in the work’ in the loft over the carpenter shop, out¬ Can we not also hear that gentle, undis¬ side the fort: but in a few days, or as soon turbed voice of him who never got ex¬ as the barracks inside the fort and quar¬ cited, as leaning over the parapet and see- ters inside the casemates could be pre- j mg no one was injured, he remarked: pared, we were moved to them. Shortly 1 Say, fellows, we dropped something.’ With after our arrival at the fort the detach¬ what enthusiasm and delight we fired the ment of regulars under Lieutenant Rey¬ national salute from them on the Fourth ■ 4 ,1 nolds arrived. The “Commonwealth Ar¬ of July! Do we not see in our mind’s eve tillery,” with them, constituted the entire as we stood on guard at the postern gate garrison of Fort Delaware during the Captain Gibson approaching and as we period of the former’s stay there. Our hailed him with the ‘Who goes there’’ duty began at once—guard, drills, mount¬ hear even now his answer, ‘Commandant ing guns on the parapets, etc., and con- | of the post. N ever mind the guard I onlv tinued without intermission from reveille went to see the sergeant.’ Will any of us to retreat. We were on a par with the regulars, and all were treated alike. Cap¬ o0f0theVrreg°ul!rs?”erS:eant PUrdy and °ther« tain Gibson was an old West Pointer of the old school, and at once manifested the 1 might so on and fill columns greatest interest in our company. The wl.th,,a. word or two of the histor J three months that the company spent at of trie individual members of the con-manv the fort under such auspices were of in¬ during the long four years that foUowcd calculable value to its members. No bet¬ its sojourn at Fort Delaware. I am done ter school could have been provided to fit Captain James E. Montgomery served with them for the duties of the rank as offi¬ distinction throughout the war pnhei- cers, from second lieutenants to brigadier- pally on the staff in the adjutant-general’- generals, which ninety per cent, of them department. Senior First Lieutomnr afterward held. Francis A. Lancaster was killed at Clian- * * * * cellorsville, Va.; Senior First Lieutenanr Archibald McIntyre Robertson was an pointed into the regular army and dfed of disease contracted in tile service- sec¬ K ond Lieutenant John W. Kester served E throughout the war, becoming- the colonci °f lPl® ,First New Jersey Cavalry. Of the enlisted men ninety per cent, became commissioned officers of the army a few F From, the ?avy- Many gave their lives v? and “any since the war have died of disease. The survivors keep up the association, and as each anniversary of the departure of the company for the scat [ (JA.±. of war rolls round as many as can meet together, dine and fight over again the occupation of Fort Delaware. Up to the present time, and as far as known, thirty- Date, seven members have died, and there are sixty-three surviving. Among the men at the Fort that spring from April 21 to August 5,.1861, were: 111 ., -y|t ' ' | « Captain James E. Montgomerv, Francis .U A. Lancaster, deceased; Archibald Mel Robertson, deceased; Thomas W. Neill Albert K. Waterman, Henry E. Clark de¬ ceased; Frank P. White, Paul T. Jones, Jr., deceased; P. Jones York, deceased- RAISING TROOPS E. Hunn Hanson, Edward J. Etting de¬ ceased; Frank W. Paul, I. Newton Dick-1 son, deceased; Andrew D. Cash, deceased- Frederick R. Kent, Charles S. Newlin de¬ ceased; George W. Banks, R. Dale Ben¬ FOR UNCLE SAM1 son, Edward R. Bowen, Joseph H. Bra¬ zier, J. Quincy Carpenter, Alfred L. Clay Robert D. Coxe, W. Ellery C. Coxe Mar- I ■ celin L. DeCoursey, Chandler P. Eakin George W. Farquhar, Louis Godey, Flor- How It Was Done in the Six¬ ance W. Grugan, deceased; Frank C Grugan, Alfred E. Hand, May Humphreys ties by the Union J. Wheaton Lynch, Henry McConnell William McMichael, deceased; Alfred W.’ Miller, deceased: J. Ridgway Moore, Wil¬ League liam Penn-Gaskill, George B. Phillips, E. Greenough Platt, deceased; Harry C Potter, James Riley, George B. Rodney Isaac D. Sailer, Norman M. Smith, Max¬ well Sommerville and B. Frank Williams I MOST EFFECTIVE WORK Dear Penn: Your most excellent ar¬ ticle about the First Baptist Church, Broad and Arch streets, was1 The Patriotic Organization j delightful reading, and is full of . truths. But, so far as the sale of thef church is concerned, you are wrong when Stands Ready to Repeat Its you say “is there not a pathos in the downfall of these abodes of joys and sor-! Efforts If Its Aid Is Needed rows, etc.?’’ The sale of the First Baptist ^Church was consummated only because itl has outgrown its capacity! and' cannot now contain the multitudes which flock there That stirring resolution adopted at a every service, week-days as well as Sun¬ meeting of the Union League directors days. The present congregation now in round figures numbers about 1,000. Vast last Tuesday, pledging its support to the numbers are turned away every Sabbath government in case of hostilities with the evening, and something had to be done, bare reference to the record of this stal¬ as well as to keep faith with the Beth Eden congregation; for it was agreed with that wart organization during the Civil War, church, at the time of consolidation with has a deep significance to the citizens the First, that a new edifice, with every who were old enough to shoulder a mus¬ modern appliance for industrial work, ket in the exciting days of the early ’60s. would be built, the money to coYne from the proceeds of the sales of the two prop¬ Not only did the League by pacific meas¬ erties at Broad and Arch and Broad and ures endeavor to foster and extend a spirit Spruce. The latter is still unsold. There is of patriotism throughout the State, but no “downfall’’ in the First Church. Under the able administration of Dr. Kerr Boyce under its auspices nine regiments of in¬ Tupper it has advanced as never before, fantry and one battalion of cavalry were j and Philadelphia will soon witness the raised. No organization of Pennsylvania erection of a new and beautiful and mod¬ ern church under his pastorate. The Volunteers carried themselves more brave¬ writer has some knowledge of the multi- ly or created greater havoc in the enemies’ udes which crowded into Broad and Arch lines that did the regiments enlisted by I uring the past year. A moderate esti- the League, and it is the proud boast of late would place it at 100,000 persons, many an old veteran that he marched to id a still larger number will be cared for the front with them. ' i the completion of the new building. W. M. W. In the same way the League proposes in case this country should become im- broiled in a war with Spain to place its services at the command of the President, and there is no doubt that this would materially help to make Philadelphia a centre for the enlistment of troops. During ’62 and ’63 the work accom¬ plished by the Committee on Enlistments and the Boaid of Publication of the League, then in its infancy, was enormous. ' The former committee was the result of superiors. After the full complement had a meeting held June 27, 1863, which was been made up the regiment joined the called in order to counteract the excite¬ Army of the Potomac, where it was as¬ ment caused by Lee’s invasion. J. Reese signed to the First Brigade, First Division Fry was made chairman, his associates be¬ of the Second Corps. The regiment during ing Samuel Felton, J. Edgar Thomson, the campaign was associated with the Six¬ Dr. Ellerslie Wallace, James L. Claghorn, ty-first New York, Eighty-first Pennsylva¬ Horace Binney, Jr., Morton McMichael, nia and the Twenty-sixth Michigan, under George H. Crossman, J. I. Clark Hare, the command of then Colonel Nelson A. W. 1). Lewis, Geo. Whitney and Andrew Miles. Wheeler. Advertisements were inserted On the fierce fighting in the Wilderness in The Inquirer and other papers for re¬ and near the Po River and Laurel Hill. cruits, and by July 4 one regiment was Miles’ brigade was in the thickest of it all, completed. In fact, by December three and the young men who had left the regiments were under arms, and under counting room, college and workshop bore the command of Colonel W. D. Whipple themselves like veterans. Owning to some they were known as the Union League Bri¬ misunderstanding with Milas, Colonel gade. McLean, Lieutenant-Colonel Powell, Ma¬ THE COMMANDS. jor Reynolds and Adjutant Theodore F. The first of these organizations was Mann resigned. Captain J. F. McCullough known as the First Pennsylvania Chas¬ then became colonel and was succeeded by seurs, headed by Lieutenant-Colonel T. Captain George T. Egbert. The regiment Elwood Zell; the second (Fifty-ninth P. was mustered out on July 13, 1865. V.), commanded by Colonel Gray, and the The One-hundred-and-ninety-sixth Reg¬ third by Colonel George P. McLean. The iment was mustered at Camp Cadwalador three regiments were the One-hundred- in the spring of 1864, and did garrison and-ninety-eighth, One-hundred-and-nine- duty until it went out of service in No¬ tv-sixth, One-hundred-and-eighty-third, vember. The officers were: Colonel. Har- Two-hundred-and-thirteenth, Two-hun- manus Neff; lieutenant-colonel, Arthur dred-and-fourteenth and Two-hundred- McGinnis: major, John A. Gorgas, and and-fifteenth. adjutant, William H. McMinn. The com¬ The One-hundred - and - ninety - eighth, manding officers of the Two-hundred-and- known as the Sixth Union League, was thirteentli, Two-hundred-and-fourteenth organized in the summer of 1864, the re¬ and Two-hundred-and-fifteenth, which cruiting commencing after the muster out were detailed on guard duty were, respect¬ of the Reserve Corps. The work of get¬ ively: Colonel, John A. Gorgas: lieuten¬ ting the men in shape was carried on by ant-colonel, Jacob M. Davis; major, E. R. Horatio G. Sickel, who afterwards became Artman; adjutant, James L. Mellhenney; colonel of the regiment, and James H. colonel, David B. McKibbin; lieutenant- Orne. In five weeks every company was colonel. W. H. Harrison: major, W. M. filled and on the 9th of September the of¬ Worrall, and adjutant. William M. Bud¬ ficers assumed formal commands. Under dy; colonel, Francis B. Wistar; lieutenant- the command of Colonel Sickel, with John colonel. Francis Jones; major, A. F. Good B. Murray as Lieutenant-Colonel and Ed¬ man; adjutant, Thomas C. Rea. ward A. Glenn as Major, the regiment, af¬ In the raising of colored troops the ITn ter receiving their State colors at th'e ion League was most active and furnishec Union League house, amid great enthu¬ many a company for the regiments thal siasm, started on their way to join the were being gathered. It may be that tin Army of the Potomac. Union League house on Broad street wil The One-hundred-and-ninety-eighth was be the scenes of events something lik< consigned to the First Brigade, First Di¬ those which stirred the patriotism o vision of the Fifth Corps. The Philadel¬ Philadelphians in years gone by. phia boys received their first baptism of shot and shell at the battle of Peeble’s Farm, when they drove the enemy back with great vigor. That winter the men of the regiment suffered badly from the cold, having all the time frequent brushes with the enemy. In the early part of Feb¬ ruary the Fifth Corps, under the command of Colonel SickeL assaulted the rebel works at Hatcher’s Run, and in this hel¬ ter-skelter run through the mud and wa¬ ter the One-hundred-and-ninety-eighth played a brilliant part. In the battles of White Oak Swamp, in which Colonel Glenn was mortally wounded, and of Lewis’ Farm, this regiment was promi¬ nent. CRACK ORGANIZATION. The record of the One-hundred-and- eighty-third Regiment (Fourth Union League) was in every way a brilliant one, and it is known that Confer te_ generals evaded encounters with this crack organi¬ zation. The regiment was recruited at the old Frankford depot and at a rendezvous near Broad and Chestnut streets. The of¬ ficers were: Colonel, George P. McLean; lieutenant-colonel, John Powell; major, John Reynolds. Colonel McLean had pre¬ viously served as major of the Twenty-sec¬ ond and as colonel of the Eighty-eighth, and was considered a valuable man by his . Minor of Events 1861-62-63-64. BATTLE DAYS 1861. BATTLE DAYS 1862. BATTLE DAYS 1862 BATTLE DAYS 1883. ■?irst shot ou Fort Sumter, Jeff. Davis inaugurated at Second Battle ot Bull Run. Battle of Hanover, Va., Stu¬ Charleston, S. C. Richmond. Aug. 30, 1862. art’s Cavalry defeated with a April, 12, 13, 1861. Feb. 22,1862. Rebel Privateer Alabama loss of 1000 prisoners. f^Baltimore, M<3. (attack on Nashville, Tenn., occupied by commenced her depredations. July 6, 1863. Massachusetts troops.) the Union Army. Battle of Brittons Lane, Tenn. Unconditional surrender of April 19, 1861. Feb. 23,1862. Severe Engagement at Chan¬ Port Hudson, La. Col. Ellsworth assassinated in Harpers Ferry, Va., entered tilly, Va. Battle of Boonsboro, Ark. Alexandria, Va. by Union troops. Sept. 1, 1862. July 9, 1863. May 24,1861. Feb. 24,1862. Cincinnati, O., Business sus¬ Yazoo City, Miss., captured, Battle of Philippa, Va. Successful gunboat expedition pended and Martial Law pro¬ enemy’s loss 500 Prisoners, June 3, 1861. up the Tennessee River. claimed. 6 guns and stores. j Battle of Great Bethel, \ a. March 1, 1862. Fight near Fairfax Court July 13, 1863. June 16, 1861. Brunswick, Ga., taken pos¬ House, Va. Battle of Falling AY aters, Va. Battle of Booneville, Mo. session of. Sept. 2,1862. a whole Brigade of Confed¬ June 17, 1861. March 2, 1862. The Rebels crossed the Poto¬ erates captured. Battle as Edward's Ferry, Columbus, Ky., occupied by mac into Maryland near Point July 14, 14, 1863. Va. our forces. of Rocks. 5000 Confederates defeated at June 13,1861. March 3, 1862. Sept. 5, 1862. Elk Creek, Ark. Battle of Cole Camp, Mo. Commencement of the three Battle at Washington, N. C. Enemy’s loss considerable. June 19,1861. days Battles at Pea Ridge, Sept. C, 1862. Sharp fighting at Jackson, I Battle of Patterson’s Creek. Ark. Gen. McClellan took the field Miss. Va. March G, 1862. at the head of the Army of July 16, 1863. June 28,1861. Leesburg, Va., occupied by the Potomac. Bombardmont of Charleston J | Battle ox Buckhannou, Va. U nion troops. Sept. 7,1862. IFort AA’agner.l I®attle of Falling W aters, Va. March 7, 1862. Battle of South Mountain, 'July 18, 1863. July 1, 1861. Battle in Hampton Roads Md. Recapture of Brashear City,] I Battle of Martinsburg, Va. between the Merrimac and Sept. 14, 1862. La. July 2.. 1861. Monitor. Harpers Ferry surrendered to July 22, 1863. Battle ot Carthage, Mo. March 9, 1862. the Rebels. Capture of Morgan and his July 5, 1861. Point Pleasant, Mo., taken Sept. 15, 1862. forces, Ohio. •Battle at Rid Mountain, Va. Union troops. The great Battle of Antietam, July 26, 1863. July 11, 1861. March 9, 1862. Md. Jelf. Davis complains of a Battle at Beverly, Va. Gen. Geo. B. McClellan, re¬ Sept- 17,1862. want of alacrity on the part July 12, 1861. lieved of the command in Battle of Iuka, Miss. of all classes in coming for¬ llBiEht at Garrick’s Ford, Va. chief of the United States Sept. 19,1862. ward in this most dismal hour July 13, 1861, Armies. Engagement at Donaldson- of the South. Aug. 1, 1863. [light at Blackburn’sFord, March 11,1862. ville, La. Battle of Newborn, N. C. Sept. 24, 1862. Fight near Culpepper. Aug. 8, 1863. July 18, 1861. March 14, 1862. Fight at Newtonia, Mo. Rebels defeated in Cumber¬ Sept. 29,1862. Gigantic: preparationsi ion Mor- i : Battle of Bull Run, Va. ris Island for the downfall of July 21,1861. land Mountains. Sharp skirmishing at Floyds March 16,1862. Fork, Ky. Charleston, S. C. Ijfort Fillmore, Texas (sur¬ Aug, 15,1863. rendered.) Engineer Corps commenced Oct. 1, 1862. cutting the Canal from New Battles near Corinth, Miss. iRosecrans’ Army before Chat¬ Aug. 2, 18G1. tanooga, Tenn. Fight at Athens, Mo. Madrid, Mo., to Island No. 10. Oct. 3/4,1862. | Battle at Hatchie River,’1 be¬ Sacking of the city of Law¬ Aug. 5, 1861. March 20,1862. tween Gen. Rosecrans’ Army rence, Kansas, by Quantrell’s I Battle of v> ilson’s Creek, Mo. Battle of Winchester Ilights, and the Confederates, the lat¬ Guerillas [the most fiendlike | Aug. 10,1861. Va. ter retreating from Corinth. act of the war.J Battle of Grafton, Va. March 23,1862. Battle near Santa Fe, New Oct. 5,1862. Aug. 21,1863. Aug. 13,1861. Steamer Madison at Vicks^ I Battle of Charlestown, Mo. Mexico. Battle of Lavergne, Tenn. March 28,1862. Oct. 6,1862. burg, Miss., loaded with am Aug. 18, 1861. munition, took fire and 156 Battle of Hawk’s Nest, Va. Appalaohicola, Fla., surren¬ Battle of Chaplin Hills, Perry- ville, Ky. men on board perished. Aug. 20,1861. dered to our navy, April 3, 1862. Oct. 8, 1862. Aug. 22, 1863. Battle of Summersville, Va. Fort Sumter demolished. Aug. 26,1861. Battle of Miiloh. or Pittsburg Rebels defeated between Ha 4 <1 Aug. 23, 1863. Forts Hatteras and 'Clark Landing. rodsburg and Danville, Ky.: Oct. 11,1862. Five Deserters were shot to (captured), N. C Surrender of Island No. 10. Fight at Waverly, Tenn. jtleath in presence of 25,000 Aug. 29, 1861. April 7, 1862. Oct. 13, 1862. Spectators at the Headquar- Battle of Boone 0. li Va. Surrender of Fort Pulaski, Ga. Battle at Pocataligo, S. C. : ters of the Army of the Sept. 1,1861. Capture of Huntsville, Ala. Battle at Garni fex Ferry, Va. April 11, 1862. Total rout of the Rebels at Potomac. Maysville, Ark. Fight with Sioux Indians in Sept. 10,1861. Engagement at Monterey, Va. Oet. 22,1862. j Dacotah Battle of Elk Water, Va. April 12, 1862. vVeitzel’s expedition Battle at Bayou Metre Bridge, Sept. 11,1861. Fredericksburg, Va., formally j Gen Battle of Cheat Mountain surrendered to the Union I from New Orleans arrived at -Ark. ■ Donaldsonville, La. Aug. 28, 1863. Summit, Va. troops. Clarksville,'Unconditional surrender of Sept. 12, 1861. April 18, 1862. Engagement at Mo. 2000 Rebels at Knoxville, Battle of Booneville, Mo. Battle at Camden, N. C. Oct. 26,1862. Tenn. Sept. 13, 1861. April 19, 1862. Batte at Labadieville, La. Sept. 4,1863. Battle of Wilson’s Mill, Mo. Capture of a Rebel redoubt Morris Island with Forts Sept. 27,1861. at Yorktown. Oct. 27, 1862. Gen. Rosecrans assumed com- Wagner nd Gregg evacuated Battle of Greenbrier, Va. April 26, 1862. by the Rebels. Oct. 3.1861. Surrender of New Orleans man<* °1, Army of the Sept. 6, 1863. Battle of Buffalo Hill, Ky. and the Forts. ; Cumber aud Capture of Chattanooga, Tenn. April 28, 1862. ®ct. 30, 186- Oct. 3,1861. ___ r Sept. 8,1863. Battle at Hillsboro, Ky. General Mitchel routed the Ashbys Gap occupied by the advance of the Army of thej^ittle Rock, Ark., occupied Oct. 8, 1861. Rebels at Bridgeport, Ala. Potomac. " jby Union forces. 2000 loyal Santa Rosa Island (attack April 29, 1862. Nov. 4, 1862. Arkansas men joined their upon Wilson’s Zouaves.) Union forces cut all the Rail¬ Cavalrv engagement near ranks. Oet. 9, 1861. road communication with the Chester Gap, Va. Sept. 19, 1863. Battle of Wet Glaze, Mo. country north of Corinth, Miss. Nov. 5, 1862. Fight at Culpepper, Va. Oet. 13,1861. April 30, 1862. The 39th Kentucky Moun- Sept. 20, 1863. Battle of Linn Creek. The Rebel Batteries captured taineers routed the Rebels atlHard fitting in Georgia near Oct. 14, 1861. on North Edisto Island, S. C. Piketon, Ky. j West Chickamauga River, un- Battle of Fredericktown, Mo. May 1, 1862. Gen. McClellan delivered bis decided battles. Oct. 16, 1861. Battle of Williamsburg, Va. Sept. 19—23, 1863. May 4. 1862. farewell address to the Army Battle of Hurricane Creek. According to official reports Mo. The Rebels burned their gun¬ of the Potomac. Nov. 7,1862. from Charleston : our guns Oct. 19,1861. boats on York'River. Skirmish at Little Washing¬ were making terrible havoc Battle of Wild Cat, Ky. May 6,1862. ton, Va. on Forts Sumter, Joonson and Battle of Ball’s Bluff, Va. Batiie of West Point, Va. Nov. 8, 1862. Simpkins. Oct. 21, 1861. May 7, 1862. The Rebels routed near Oct. 1, 1863. Battle of West Liberty, Mo. Battle of Farmington, Miss. Moorefield, Va. Skirmishing near the line of Oet. 23, 1861. ' May 9, 1862. the Rappahannock. Norfolk. Va., surrendered. Nov. 9, 1862. Charles Magnus’ New York Printing Establishment. Offices: 12 Fran., Deutsche und englische Buchdruckerci, lithographic . - i ‘ J. The negroes generally were delighted, and, many, in the narrative of presence of their owners, asked to be allowed to go along. A large number were thus gathered together who cheerfully trudged along with the cavalry, delighted at gaining there KILPATRICK’S freedom. Occasionally Union families were encountered who gave valuable information and freely offered what they had to cat and drink. feilrg Leaving Frederickshall on Monday they pushed on for Rich¬ mond—a detachment of five hundred men under Colonel February 28, to March 4.18S4 Dahlgren keeping well to tiie right, in the direction of Louisa Court House, while General Kilpatrick, with the main body, moved upon Ashland, both parties scouring the country thorougly, and doing all possible damage. ; Operations of the Union Cavalry Forces As the forces neared Richmond the two main parties began concentrating Colonel Dahlgren was to move (iown to the right within the lines of the Enemy.—The Dash of Richmond, destroying as hiuch of the James River Canal upon Richmond and its defences. as possible; then, taking the river road, was to cross if pos¬ sible and enter the city from the south side and attempt the deliverance of the prisoners on Belle Isle. starting on Sunday, at three o’clock in the morning from General Kilpatrick, with the main body, was to attack the rC th°USand cavaIr3'> Picked from his own and city by the Brooks turnpike, ^simultaneously "if possible with the other movement, it was hoped o reach the City on Mon¬ day night or early the following morning, when a partial if t0 Spotsylvania Court IIouTe," which'rdace’^ not a total surprise could be effected. cached wi thout encountering any of the enemy. Two of tiiose fatalities which more than once during this war From Spotsylvania Court House to the end of his darin- have snatched success from the very grap of those who by journey i>e was more or less harassed hy the rebels, and He theirA valor and daring have richly deserved the victor’s crown quently found that his lines had fallen in very unpleasant interposed to prevent the consummation of one of the best con¬ p aces. At the place last named the command ^as divided ceived and most brilliant plans of the whole war. ^.aderent parties, who were to scour the country aS tly Colonel Dahlgren hat taken a negro to pilot him to Rich¬ 1 v« ed towards a common centre - Richmond. Every rood mond. His detachment had rapidly moved across the country, was o he carefully scouted, that no concealed foes, even in destroying barns, forage and everthing which" could possibly woriyhim S’ ^ behind to ’Concentrate and be of service to the enemy. Pushing on so as to reach Rich¬ mond as soon as possible, Colonel Dahlgren discovered that his The expedition carried with'them hut two or three feeds negro guide had betrayed him, and left him toward Goochland each for their horses, and about as many days’ rations for the instead of to Richmond, and Tuesday midnight found himself men, the fiem-ral being determined that for once the celebrated miles in just the opposite direction from that which lie wished ordei, suusi.-t on the enemy’s country, should be faithfully to take. The negro was promptly hanged for his baseness. Exasperated by this treachery, tiie men burned the barns On Monday they reached the Virginia Railroad, and tore and outbuildings of John A. Seddous, tiie rebel Secretary of lip the track m four-places, destroying whatever property was useful. * War, and it is, perhaps, fortunate that the gentleman himself was not present. Retracing liis steps, Colonel Dahlgren At Frederickshall, on the Central Railroad, they came upon marched down the river road, destroying the Dover flour mills, a court martial, peacefully holding its sessions, and captured several private flouring establishments und saw mills. His a colonel, five captains ami two lieutenants. force also did considerable injury to the James River Canal, General Lee had passed over the' railroad on his wav to his burning canal boats and seriously damaging one or two locks. army but an hour before our men readied it. As they passed They did not reach the immediate vicinity of Richmond till t< trough the Country m the most good natured way, questioning afternoon, when every body was on the alert, Kilpatrick having many as to whether any Yanks had been seen there lately, the already made his attack. inhabitants could not believe it was Lincoln’s cavalry who were paying them a visit. Colonel Dahlgren’s detachment was divided into several .... "SUSSEX parties for the accomplishment of different objects, keeping .... - ...<» preparations were inane lve(1 and as the two together, however. One party attempted tu cross the river, but were repulsed. A very sharp fight ensued, and, finding .-ihri- the enemy in superior numbers and confronting them on every road, the force was compelled to fall back. them-—rd In attempting to out their way out Colonel Dahlgren and niUS' - i i - marked from tire fact that heretofore the Major Cook of the Second New York, with about one hundred TUSB , a. " and particularly the cavalry, have enter- Army Of .he 1 Am < > ^ c(|,wed tr00j,s. After resting a and fifty men, got separated from tlie rest. Theother detach¬ ■ ments succeeded iu rejoining General Kilpatrick, hue nothing whitc^he^resuined thLjl Genera! lms been heard of this one. The people on the road and some of the prisoners aver that a colonel who hud but one leg was captured by the rebels. If so, it is feared lie must have been, wounded; but strong hopes are entertained that with Ms us¬ nontenant aiul two^n^ ^ ^ ol„. of tl..hH Uich- ual determination lie has cut his way through with at least TUe f0rCt V‘ \ cJmoi Watkins, of an Ohio regiment. The part of his hundred and fifty men. Meanwhile (leiieral Kil¬ mond prisoners, a rnil|3 from Fort Mngruderon patrick had advanced down the Brooks turnpike from Ashland, W,ent. S^ndvlterda, were to move to Williamsburg having turn up the rails at that point, destroying the tele* Ttlm purS of procuring forage and rations -d resting graph as he marched. At one of the stations, however, the operator succeeded in sending a despatch to Richmond an¬ tuc command * ^ ^ tlie m0st daring of the war, and nouncing that the Yankees were coming. Tins raid ^ ' continued would have proved a He was a prisoner in less than fifteen minutes, but that short- but for Uie:. c • J auft jl0uses have borne the hard time put Richmond on the i/iii 'vwc ; and it has since been as¬ complete succeSb’ ' „ tlle sa?dles not being removed marching remark. > ’ , b ing given to the men. certained that about a dozen field pieces were put in battery and a new intreuehment thrown up while awaiting his arrival. —■•“ ""r°r. ss« -« ..a.... The troops reached the outer fortifications early oa Tuesday tants,*• and“T,:; the stocki* “Tr 1-a.o,i MI-.„ iv*«•,iIlg to lying—none of morning, and as the spires and houses of the city came in view, cheer upon cheer went up from our men. Riding rapidly toward creased. eat either for man or horse. Among the city, the outer line of works was-entered. The rebels them having a . " of confederates money were se- other acquisitions large P - u,ssnegg befittmg their easy therein threw flown their arms, many of them surrendering cured and squandere^w. ^ ^ aollars for a supper and others taking to their heels. ivcqiusi.ion. <- . . 1 t the house afforded. A fight then insued for the next line, hut the batteries were for eight comprising t!w best the^h^^ ^ ^ too much ur them ; and so with his battery General Kilpatrick The ratio w.th the numberof horses aiso found then- opened upon them and the city. one of greenbacks. - » soldier has memen- There is no doubt that the men would have dashed upon and over anything that stood in their way, so enthusiastic had «* *>™ iu”»«' «- they become, but General Kilpatrick acted the wiser part, and »rt »•» a- us the shrill whistle of the locomotive told of the bringing up pedition it was impossible to.a3certaine(1. Colonel of re-enforcements from Pickett s brigade, at Bottom s Bridge The casualties have nd^yut^^t Colonel Litchfield, with and vicinity, he reluctantly gave the order to move towards Dahlgren, Major oo • are missing. The latter Mechanicsvillo. about one hundred and fifty men a That this was difficult to do -ion became, apparent. On officer is known to havebeen Coloael Dahlgren, nor every road the enemy’s pickets confronted them, and a series Too much praiseca sed capture. Mot fully rc- of inanoeuvers look place, in Which the enemy were found to too much regret tel h chargeilpon Hagerstown, be on the alert at every point. Might coining on, Kilpatrick; with his accustomed audacity, halted and made preparations He volunteered his . command in the expedition.~ flf to. camp. He had chosen a place, however, too near a rebel assigned to tlie mos i 1 ailed jn Richmond during I camp, and of this fact be was reminded by being shelled out of The greatest conMerna mn ^3 w“o have been baffled his position. So the command groped its way on iu the dark¬ thefighting.as wel , mi:b ;tei_£(;ei ^ tfaey would have 1 ness and gloom, and with the tell-tale whistle of the locomo¬ ill.' of their piej-the rul * authorities at Washington tive now wanting them that troops were being hurried back been SlorM^es Bufler to co-operate with them and to Bottom’s Bridge iu the hope of cutting off their retreat. ; V,; On Monday General Butler received orders to send out a ^/picket infantry employed down the peninsula. force to meet General Kilpatrick and assist him if necessary. This movement was part of General Kilpatrick’s plan as pro¬ posed. Had he known of or even expected a force at Xew Kent Hourt House or at Bottom’s Bridge lie would not have then turned away from Richmond, but would have treated General Butler’s forces to tig’it lor the same prize. Two thousand Infantry, under Colonel Dunkin, iourth United States colored regiment ; eight hundred cavalry, under Colonel Spear ; Eleventh Pennsylvania cavalry, and Badger s lii-st Rhode Island battery, the whole under command of Colo¬ nel West, were ordered to Mew Kent Court House, theae to be governed by circumstances as to further movements. The in¬ fantry colored troops left on Monday afternoon, and reached Mew Kent Court House about noon the next day, having made an extraordinary night march through rain and mud. The cavalry left Williamsburg Monday night aud arrived Tuesday morning. About eight o’clock Tuesday afternoon Col. Spear took a portion of his cavalry force and proceeded to Tunstall Station, where lie destroyed a new steam saw mill and its machinery, burned a freight car and twenty thousand of lumber. sr ihhhhhi