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Harbour Development Works at Milandhoo, Shaviyani Atoll

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Harbour Development Works at Milandhoo, Shaviyani Atoll Ministry of housing, transport and environment Environmental Impact Assessment Report Harbour development works at Milandhoo, Shaviyani Atoll January 2010 Land and Marine Environmental Resources Group Pvt Ltd, Maldives Declaration of the Consultant I hereby certify that the statements made in this environmental impact study for the development of harbour at Milandhoo, Shaviyani atoll are true, complete and correct Hussein Zahir EIA Consultant (Registration Number: EIA 04/07) Date: 31 December 2009 Table of Content EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 4 a) Purpose of the Report and Need for the EIA ............................................................ 4 b) Structure of the Report ......................................................................................... 4 2. PROJECT SETTING ...................................................................................................... 5 a) Environment Protection and Preservation Act of Maldives ...................................... 5 b) Second National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP II) ......................................... 6 c) National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) ............................................. 7 d) Protected Areas and Sensitive Areas ....................................................................... 7 e) Cutting down, uprooting, digging out and export of trees and palms from one island to another ........................................................................................................................... 8 f) Guidelines for land use planning ................................................................................ 9 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................ 10 a) Project Proponent .................................................................................................. 10 b) The Project ......................................................................................................... 10 c) Need for the Project ............................................................................................... 10 d) Location and Extent of Site Boundaries .............................................................. 11 e) Construction Phase and Schedule for Implementation .......................................... 12 f) Major Inputs ........................................................................................................... 14 i) Construction material ......................................................................................... 14 ii) Mobilization and material unloading .................................................................. 14 iii) Workforce ...................................................................................................... 14 iv) Heavy machinery and power generation ....................................................... 14 g) Construction methods ........................................................................................ 15 i) Excavation method ............................................................................................. 15 i) Construction of wharf and harbor protection structure ...................................... 15 h) Major Outputs ........................................................................................................ 16 i) Harbour design .................................................................................................. 16 i) Dredge material ................................................................................................. 16 i) Risks Associated with the Project .......................................................................... 17 4. Methodology ............................................................................................................. 19 EIA for Construction of Harbour at Sh. Milandhoo Page ii 5. Public Consultation ................................................................................................... 22 a) Institutional Arrangements .................................................................................... 22 b) Community consultations and stakeholder meetings ......................................... 23 c) Design consultant .................................................................................................. 24 d) Consultation with MHTE ..................................................................................... 25 e) Consultation with EPA ........................................................................................... 25 6. Existing Environment ................................................................................................ 27 a) General Setting ...................................................................................................... 27 b) Geographical location and general setting of .................................................... 28 c) Climate and Oceanography .................................................................................. 28 i) Wind climate ...................................................................................................... 28 i) Wave and current ............................................................................................... 32 d) Beach Environment ............................................................................................ 39 e) Marine Surveys ...................................................................................................... 43 i) Coral community ................................................................................................ 43 i) Reef fish community ........................................................................................... 46 ii) Seawater quality ................................................................................................. 49 f) Hazard vulnerability, area vulnerable to flooding and storm surges .................... 50 g) Social Environment ............................................................................................ 53 h) Sensitive habitats near the proposed harbour area ............................................... 54 7. Environmental Impacts ............................................................................................. 56 a) Limitation and uncertainty of impact prediction .................................................... 57 b) Construction Impacts ......................................................................................... 57 i) Schedule, logistics and loading and unloading construction materials .............. 58 i) Construction materials and solid waste .............................................................. 58 ii) Impacts due to construction methods ................................................................. 59 iii) Impact on vegetation (sand stock pile area and harbour front area) .............. 60 iv) Coastal structures ........................................................................................... 61 v) Social impacts, noise and air pollution ............................................................... 61 vi) Effects on Groundwater Quality ...................................................................... 62 c) Operational Impacts .............................................................................................. 62 i) Impact to hydrodynamic patterns ...................................................................... 62 i) Social impacts .................................................................................................... 63 ii) Wastewater Disposal or littering of harbour ...................................................... 64 8. Alternatives ............................................................................................................... 65 EIA for Construction of Harbour at Sh. Milandhoo Page iii a) Considered alternatives ........................................................................................ 65 i) Location of harbour ............................................................................................ 65 ii) Construction method .......................................................................................... 65 iii) Excavation method ......................................................................................... 66 iv) Dredged material disposal site ...................................................................... 66 v) Location of entrance channel ............................................................................. 66 vi) The No project scenario ................................................................................. 66 b) Assessment of alternatives ................................................................................. 66 c) Selected alternatives ............................................................................................. 73 i) Location of harbor .............................................................................................. 73 ii) Construction method .......................................................................................... 73 iii) Excavation method ......................................................................................... 73 iv)
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