DOCSLIB.ORG

Effect of Lactobacillus Sp. Isolates Supernatant on Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Enhances the Role of Organic Acids Production As a Factor for Pathogen Control1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effect of Lactobacillus Sp. Isolates Supernatant on Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Enhances the Role of Organic Acids Production As a Factor for Pathogen Control1 Pesq. Vet. Bras. 35(4):353-359, abril 2015 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2015000400007 Effect of Lactobacillus sp. isolates supernatant on Escherichia coli O157:H7 enhances the role of organic acids production as a factor for pathogen control1 Larissa B. Poppi2, Javier D. Rivaldi2,4, Thais S. Coutinho2, Claudete S. 3 3* and Ismael M. Mancilha2,5 ABSTRACT.-Astolfi-Ferreira , Antonio J. Piantino Ferreira Mancilha I.M. 2015. Effect of Lactobacillus sp. isolates supernatant on Escherichia coli O157:H7 enhancesPoppi L.B.,the roleRivaldi of organic J.D., Coutinho acids production T.S., Astolfi-Ferreira as a factor C.S., for Ferreira pathogen A.J.P. con &- trol. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35(4):353-359. de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Mar- ques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: Departamento [email protected] de Patologia, Faculdade Many attempts have been made to establish the control of foodborne pathogens through Lactobacillus isolates and their metabolism products with success being obtained in sev- eral situations. The aim of this study was to investigate the antagonistic effect of eight Lac- tobacillus isolates, including L. casei subsp. pseudoplantarum, L. plantarum, L. reuteri and L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, on the pathogenic Escherichia coli strain O157:H7. The inhibitory effect of pure cultures and two pooled cultures supernatants of Lactobacillus on the growth of pathogenic bacteria was evaluated by the spot agar method and by monitor- L. reuteri and L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii and for a pool of lactic acid bacteria. The neutralized supernatant of the pool ex- ing turbidity. Antimicrobial activity was confirmed for - tic acid and acetic acid were produced during growth of the Lactobacillus isolates studied. INDEXerted a TERMS: higher Lactobacillusantimicrobial, antagonism, activity than Escherichia that of the coli individual O157:H7, organic strains. acid. Furthermore, D-lac RESUMO.- [Efeito do sobrenadante de isolados de Lac- isolados de Lactobacillus, incluindo L. casei subsp. pseudo- tobacillus sp. sobre Escherichia coli O157:H7 reforça o plantarum, L. plantarum L. reuteri e L. delbrueckii subsp. del- papel da produção de ácidos orgânicos como fator de brueckii, sobre Escherichia coli amostra O157:H7. Os efeitos controle patogênico.] Muitas tentativas têm sido feitas inibidores de culturas puras e de dois “pools” de cultura de para se estabelecer o controle de patógenos de origem ali- Lactobacillus sobre o crescimento da bactéria foram avalia- mentar através do uso de estirpes de Lactobacillus e dos dos através do método de inibição em ágar e através do mo- seus produtos de metabolismo, com sucesso sendo sucedi- nitoramento da turbidez da cultura bacteriana. A atividade do em várias situações. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investi- Lactobacillus reuteri e gar o efeito antagônico do sobrenadante de culturas de oito Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii e para o “pool” deantimicrobiana bactérias acido-láctica. foi confirmada O sobrenadante para neutralizado do 1 Received on January 13, 2015. “pool” de Lactobacillus exerceu uma atividade antimicro- Accepted for publication on April 21, 2015. biana mais elevada do que aquela das estirpes individuais. 2 - Além disso, ácido D-láctico e ácido acético foram produzi- de de São Paulo (USP), Área I, Estrada Municipal do Campinho s/n, Lorena, dos durante o crescimento dos Lactobacillus estudados. SP 12.602-810,Departamento Brazil de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universida 3 - TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Lactobacillus, antagonismo, Escherichia ques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. *Corresponding author: coli O157:H7, ácido orgânico. [email protected] Departamento de Patologia, FMVZ-USP, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Mar 4 INTRODUCTION Universitaria, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. 5 Facultad de Quimica, Universidad National de Asunción, Barrio Villa Escherichia coli O157:H7 represents one of the most impor- de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG tant enteropathogenic bacteria; it is responsible for nume- 36570-000, Departamento Brazil. de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal rous reports of diarrhea is transmitted through food, water 353 354 Larissa B. Poppi et al. and the environment, affecting mainly infants and immu- of toxic anions. The decrease in the cell’s internal pH affects nosuppressed adults, all over the world (Monteiro-Neto et - E. coli sipates the proton-motive force, reducing cellular energy O157:H7 is attributed to the production of potent entero- the influx of protons through the cell membrane, which dis- toxins,al. 1997, the Fábrega Shiga-like et al. toxins 2002). (Stx1 The and pathogenicity Stx2, also called of ve- rocytotoxins), that directly affect the activity of cells in the (ATP)Several and affectingin vitro and substrate in vivo studiesuptake indemonstrated the cell (Axe the & Bai an- intestinal wall, resulting in hemorrhage and thousands of tagonismley 1995, Diez-Gonzalezof numerous strains & Russell of Lactobacillus 1997). , including L. deaths annually (Kudva et al. 1996, Cantarelli et al. 2000, delbrueckii var delbrueckii, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. Garcia et al. 2010). Many different types of food were iden- reuteri and L. casei, against a variety of pathogens (Poppi et Escheri- chia coli (STEC), including raw and undercooked foodstuffs Jin et al. 1996). In spite of many detailed studies concer- (Garciatified as etpotential al. 2010). sources The ofnatural Shiga-toxin-producing hosts of Escherichia coli ningal. 2008, the Servinantagonistic & Coconnier effects 2003,of these Kalantzopoulos bacteria on patho 1997,- O157:H7 are wildlife and farm ruminants, mainly cattle and gens, there is still a need for new bacterial strains with an- swine. In the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), studies con- ducted by Cerqueira et al (1999) reported the presence of In vitro screening STEC in 71 % of the fecal samples of healthy cattle from dai- methodstimicrobial such properties as agar forspotting clinical and and the commercial monitoring benefits of tur- bidity(Chaucheyras-Durand represent a fast &and Durand effective 2010). tool for this purpose. report concerning the isolation of STEC from the intestines Therefore, it is desirable to use these methods to select pro- ofry farms,dairy and beef beef farms cattle and inslaughterhouses. Brazil, although This several was thestudies first mising strains of Lactobacillus for the development of new had already reported the presence of other enteropathoge- probiotic preparations at the industrial scale. nic strains in the food industry (Cerqueira et al. 1999). The main objective of this work was to evaluate the in One approach that led to the reduction and, in a number vitro performance of eight strains of Lactobacillus isolated of cases, the elimination of intestinal pathogenic bacteria from poultry litter with respect to their inhibitory effect on in humans and animals includes the ingestion of probiotics the growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7. 2001). Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when ad- MATERIALS AND METHODS in the diary diet (Guarner & Schaafsma 1998, Gopal et al. Lactobacillus isolates and Escherichia coli strain O157:H7 on the host by altering indigenous microbiota and pre- Eight isolates of Lactobacillus, previously isolated from poul- ministered in adequate amounts, confer beneficial effects try litter (Paço et al. 2003), were selected to study their antago- (LAB) with probiotic properties, such as Bifidobacterium nistic effects on an Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain that was kin- spp.venting and infectionsLactobacillus (FAO/WHO spp. were 2001). used toLactic prevent acid somebacteria in- dly provided by Dr. Isabel Scaletsky (Department of Microbiology, testinal pathogenic infections and to stimulate the host’s São Paulo, Brazil). The bacterial isolates subsp. immune system in both humans and animals (Perdigón et L. casei pseudo- plantarumImmunology (isolates and Parasitology, 30b and 30c), Federal L. plantarum University of São Paulo, 22c and 41b), L. reuteri (isolates 18fa and 19fa) and L. delbrueckii documented that Lactobacillus spp. with probiotic proper- subsp. delbrueckii (isolates 11fb,- tiesal. 1999, prevent Fang the et growthal. 2000, and Nakazato toxin production et al. 2011). of Itbacteria is well tory of Avian Diseases at the School of Veterinary Medicine and such as Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes, He- Animal Science of (isolatethe University 17fb) were of São obtained Paulo, Brazil. from the The Labora Lacto- licobacter pylori, Salmonella, Shigella and Escherichia coli bacillus isolates were maintained at 4°C in MRS (Manosa-Rogosa and Sharpe) agar slant. The pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli 2003, Poppi et al. 2008, Scapin et al. 2013). 0157:H7 was grown in BHI broth (Difco, Sparks, MD, USA) under (JinThe et al. antagonist 1996, Kalantzopoulos activity of probiotics 1997, Servin on pathogenic & Coconnier bac- aerobic conditions at 37°C for 18h. teria could be associated with the competition for nutrients The physiological characteristics and purity of the Lactoba- and sites of adhesion in the mucosa of the small intestine cillus isolates were analyzed by observation of their morphological characteristics using a light microscope, Gram staining, a catalase and the production of carbon dioxide, hydrogen peroxide test, a motility test and their ability to ferment various substra- tes. Sugar and sugar- alcohol assimilation tests were
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Effect of Selected Herbal Extracts on Lactic Acid Bacteria Activity
    applied sciences Article The Effect of Selected Herbal Extracts on Lactic Acid Bacteria Activity Małgorzata Ziarno 1,* , Mariola Kozłowska 2 , Iwona Scibisz´ 3 , Mariusz Kowalczyk 4 , Sylwia Pawelec 4 , Anna Stochmal 4 and Bartłomiej Szleszy ´nski 5 1 Division of Milk Technology, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW (WULS–SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland 2 Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW (WULS–SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 3 Division of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW (WULS–SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 4 Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland; [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (S.P.); [email protected] (A.S.) 5 Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW (WULS–SGGW), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-225-937-666 Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of plant extracts (valerian Valeriana officinalis L., sage Salvia officinalis L., chamomile Matricaria chamomilla L., cistus Cistus L., linden blossom Tilia L., ribwort plantain Plantago lanceolata L., marshmallow Althaea L.) on the activity and growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) during the fermentation and passage of milk through a digestive system model. Citation: Ziarno, M.; Kozłowska, M.; The tested extracts were also characterized in terms of their content of polyphenolic compounds and Scibisz,´ I.; Kowalczyk, M.; Pawelec, S.; antioxidant activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Chronic Administration of Probiotic L. Rhamnosus Increases Anxiety-Like Behavior in Group-Housed Male Long Evans Rats
    University of Dayton eCommons Honors Theses University Honors Program 4-2018 Chronic Administration of Probiotic L. rhamnosus Increases Anxiety-like Behavior in Group-housed Male Long Evans Rats Parker Maddison Griff University of Dayton Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.udayton.edu/uhp_theses Part of the Biology Commons, and the Psychology Commons eCommons Citation Griff, Parker Maddison, "Chronic Administration of Probiotic L. rhamnosus Increases Anxiety-like Behavior in Group-housed Male Long Evans Rats" (2018). Honors Theses. 157. https://ecommons.udayton.edu/uhp_theses/157 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the University Honors Program at eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Chronic Administration of Probiotic L. rhamnosus Increases Anxiety-like Behavior in Group-housed Male Long Evans Rats Honors Thesis Parker Maddison Griff Department: Psychology and Biology Advisor: Tracy Butler, Ph.D. and Yvonne Sun, Ph.D. April 2018 Chronic Administration of Probiotic L. rhamnosus Increases Anxiety-like Behavior in Group-housed Male Long Evans Rats Honors Thesis Parker Maddison Griff Department: Psychology and Biology Advisor: Tracy Butler, Ph.D. and Yvonne Sun, Ph.D. April 2018 Abstract Early life stress is a risk factor for later development of alcohol use disorders and anxiety disorders in humans. Using rodent experimental models, we know that rats experiencing social isolation as early-life stress exhibit greater anxiety-like behavior and alcohol consumption than rats housed in groups. Examining potential preventive strategies, we investigated the effects of probiotics, which have previously been shown to decrease rodent anxiety-like behavior, on the relationship between early-life stress and anxiety-like behavior in rats.
    [Show full text]
  • Antifungal Activity of Lactobacillus Pentosus ŁOCK 0979 in the Presence of Polyols and Galactosyl-Polyols
    Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-017-9344-0 Antifungal Activity of Lactobacillus pentosus ŁOCK 0979 in the Presence of Polyols and Galactosyl-Polyols Lidia Lipińska1 & Robert Klewicki2 & Michał Sójka2 & Radosław Bonikowski3 & Dorota Żyżelewicz2 & Krzysztof Kołodziejczyk2 & Elżbieta Klewicka 1 # The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract The antifungal activity of Lactobacillus pentosus Keywords Antifungal activity . Galactosyl-polyols . ŁOCK 0979 depends both on the culture medium and on the Lactobacillus . Metabolites . Polyols . SEM fungal species. In the control medium, the strain exhibited limited antagonistic activity against indicator food-borne molds and yeasts. However, the supplementation of the bac- Introduction terial culture medium with polyols (erythritol, lactitol, maltitol, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol) or their galactosyl deriva- Filamentous fungi and yeasts are present in almost all types of tives (gal-erythritol, gal-sorbitol, gal-xylitol) enhanced the an- ecosystems due to their high adaptation ability and low nutri- tifungal properties of Lactobacillus pentosus ŁOCK 0979. Its tional requirements. Filamentous fungi are widespread food metabolites were identified and quantified by enzymatic spoilage microorganisms responsible for significant economic methods, HPLC, UHPLC-MS coupled with QuEChERS, losses in the agri-food industry [6]; they are also a major and GC-MS. The presence of polyols and gal-polyols signif- health concern due to mycotoxin production. The most com- icantly affected the acid metabolite profile of the bacterial mon genera of spoilage fungi include Penicillium, Fusarium, culture supernatant. In addition, lactitol and mannitol were Aspergillus, Cladosporium,andRhizopus [21]. Commercial used by bacteria as alternative carbon sources. A number of foodstuffs are usually protected from such microorganisms by compounds with potential antifungal properties were identi- physical and chemical techniques.
    [Show full text]
  • A Proteomic View of Probiotic Lactobacillus Rhamnosus GG
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Department of Veterinary Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland A proteomic view of probioƟ c Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG KerƩ u Koskenniemi ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Helsinki, for public examinaƟ on in the Walter Auditorium, Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2, Helsinki, on January 13th 2012, at 12 o’clock noon. Helsinki 2012 Supervisor Docent Pekka Varmanen Division of Food Technology Department of Food and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Reviewers Professor Sirpa Kärenlampi Department of Biosciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio, Finland Docent Jaana Mättö Finnish Red Cross Blood Service Helsinki, Finland Opponent Professor Oscar Kuipers Department of Molecular Genetics Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Groningen, the Netherlands. Layout: Tinde Päivärinta Cover fi gure: A 2-D DIGE gel image (photo Kerttu Koskenniemi) ISBN 978-952-10-7403-5 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-10-7404-2 (PDF) ISSN 1799-7372 http://ethesis.helsinki.fi Unigrafi a Helsinki 2012 CONTENTS Abstract List of abbreviations List of original publications 1. Review of the literature ..........................................................................................1 1.1. Probiotic bacteria .....................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Promoting a Healthy Microbiome with Food and Probiotics
    PROMOTING A HEALTHY MICROBIOME WITH FOOD AND PROBIOTICS DEFINITIONS • Prebiotic: The food that probiotics need to sustain themselves (e.g. fructooligosaccharides) • Probiotic: A living organism that benefits the health of the host (e.g. bacteria and yeast) • Synbiotic: A supplement that contains both a prebiotic and a probiotic • Postbiotic: A metabolic byproduct of probiotics (e.g. n-butyrate from fermentation of fiber and bacteria) NUTRITION: THE ULTIMATE PREBIOTIC Although a person’s population of bacteria is inoculated at the time of birth, most of the microbiome is established in the human gut with the introduction of food. Breast milk includes milk oligosaccharides (MOS) that provide bacteria with nutrients to grow, particularly Bifidobacteria. Diets that contain the most fiber, fruit, and vegetables are known to engender the most diversity and richness of bacteria growth in the gut. Healthy bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids, such as n-butyrate, that support the health of the intestinal lining.[1] Foods rich in choline and carnitine (e.g. red meat and eggs) are metabolized by the intestinal microbiota to form the gas trimethylamine (TMA). TMA is converted by the liver to trimethylamine oxide (TMAO). This substance (an unhealthy postbiotic) has been strongly linked to the development of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.[2] Eating a diet low in red meat and animal fat and rich in fibrous plants has been found to support bacteria in the gut that can reduce how much energy the body stores; our gut’s microbiome can influence one’s risk of obesity.[3] When humans were hunters and gatherers, it was harder to kill wild game, so eating meat and animal fat was less common.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychobiotics and the Gut–Brain Axis Open Access to Scientific and Medical Research DOI
    Journal name: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment Article Designation: Review Year: 2015 Volume: 11 Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment Dovepress Running head verso: Zhou and Foster Running head recto: Psychobiotics and the gut–brain axis open access to scientific and medical research DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S61997 Open Access Full Text Article REVIEW Psychobiotics and the gut–brain axis: in the pursuit of happiness Linghong Zhou1 Abstract: The human intestine houses an astounding number and species of microorganisms, Jane A Foster1,2 estimated at more than 1014 gut microbiota and composed of over a thousand species. An indi- vidual’s profile of microbiota is continually influenced by a variety of factors including but 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster not limited to genetics, age, sex, diet, and lifestyle. Although each person’s microbial profile is University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; distinct, the relative abundance and distribution of bacterial species is similar among healthy 2Brain-Body Institute, St Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada individuals, aiding in the maintenance of one’s overall health. Consequently, the ability of gut microbiota to bidirectionally communicate with the brain, known as the gut–brain axis, in the modulation of human health is at the forefront of current research. At a basic level, the gut microbiota interacts with the human host in a mutualistic relationship – the host intestine pro- vides the bacteria with an environment to grow and the bacterium aids in governing homeostasis within the host. Therefore, it is reasonable to think that the lack of healthy gut microbiota may also lead to a deterioration of these relationships and ultimately disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Lactobacillus Rhamnosus HN001 in Pregnancy on Postpartum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: a Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
    EBioMedicine 24 (2017) 159–165 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect EBioMedicine journal homepage: www.ebiomedicine.com Research Paper Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 in Pregnancy on Postpartum Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: A Randomised Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial R.F. Slykerman a,F.Hoodb,K.Wickensb, J.M.D. Thompson a,C.Barthowb,R.Murphyc,J.Kangb, J. Rowden a, P. Stone d,J.Craneb, T. Stanley e,P.Abelsb,G.Purdief,R.Maudeg,E.A.Mitchella,⁎, the Probiotic in Pregnancy Study Group a Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand b Department of Medicine, University of Otago, P O Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand c Department of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand d Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand e Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, P O Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand f Dean's Office, University of Otago, P O Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand g Graduate School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Health, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand article info abstract Article history: Background: Probiotics may help to prevent symptoms of anxiety and depression through several putative mech- Received 2 July 2017 anisms. Received in revised form 31 August 2017 Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (HN001) given in Accepted 13 September 2017 pregnancy and postpartum on symptoms of maternal depression and anxiety in the postpartum period.
    [Show full text]
  • Technological Characterisation of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria As Starter Cultures for Dry Fermented Sausages
    foods Article Technological Characterisation of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria as Starter Cultures for Dry Fermented Sausages 1 2,3,4 4 1, Nadia de L. Agüero , Laureano S. Frizzo , Arthur C. Ouwehand , Gonzalo Aleu y and Marcelo R. Rosmini 3,4,* 1 Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Catholic University of Córdoba, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina; [email protected] (N.d.L.A.); [email protected] (G.A.) 2 Laboratory of Food Analysis “Rodolfo Oscar DALLA SANTINA”, Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral—National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), 3080 Esperanza, Argentina; [email protected] 3 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of Litoral, 3080 Esperanza, Argentina 4 Global Health and Nutrition Sciences, DuPont Nutrition and Biosciences, 02460 Kantvik, Finland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +54-342-479-7991 Members of HealthyMeat-Network CYTED (ref. 119RT0568). y Received: 10 April 2020; Accepted: 1 May 2020; Published: 7 May 2020 Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate probiotic microorganisms for use as starter cultures in dry fermented sausages production. A total of eight strains were studied evaluating technological and safety characteristics including the ability to grow, lactic acid production, gas formation, catalase activity, nitrate reductase activity, proteolytic activity, lipolytic activity, hydrogen peroxide production, salt tolerance, performance at
    [Show full text]
  • A Taxonomic Note on the Genus Lactobacillus
    TAXONOMIC DESCRIPTION Zheng et al., Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.004107 A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae Jinshui Zheng1†, Stijn Wittouck2†, Elisa Salvetti3†, Charles M.A.P. Franz4, Hugh M.B. Harris5, Paola Mattarelli6, Paul W. O’Toole5, Bruno Pot7, Peter Vandamme8, Jens Walter9,10, Koichi Watanabe11,12, Sander Wuyts2, Giovanna E. Felis3,*,†, Michael G. Gänzle9,13,*,† and Sarah Lebeer2† Abstract The genus Lactobacillus comprises 261 species (at March 2020) that are extremely diverse at phenotypic, ecological and gen- otypic levels. This study evaluated the taxonomy of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae on the basis of whole genome sequences. Parameters that were evaluated included core genome phylogeny, (conserved) pairwise average amino acid identity, clade- specific signature genes, physiological criteria and the ecology of the organisms. Based on this polyphasic approach, we propose reclassification of the genus Lactobacillus into 25 genera including the emended genus Lactobacillus, which includes host- adapted organisms that have been referred to as the Lactobacillus delbrueckii group, Paralactobacillus and 23 novel genera for which the names Holzapfelia, Amylolactobacillus, Bombilactobacillus, Companilactobacillus, Lapidilactobacillus, Agrilactobacil- lus, Schleiferilactobacillus, Loigolactobacilus, Lacticaseibacillus, Latilactobacillus, Dellaglioa,
    [Show full text]
  • Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria–Gut–Brain Signals
    Review Psychobiotics and the Manipulation of Bacteria–Gut–Brain Signals 1 2,3 1 Amar Sarkar, Soili M. Lehto, Siobhán Harty, 4 5 6, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan, and Philip W.J. Burnet * Psychobiotics were previously defined as live bacteria (probiotics) which, when Trends ingested, confer mental health benefits through interactions with commensal Psychobiotics are beneficial bacteria fi gut bacteria. We expand this de nition to encompass prebiotics, which enhance (probiotics) or support for such bac- teria (prebiotics) that influence the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. We review probiotic and prebiotic effects bacteria–brain relationships. on emotional, cognitive, systemic, and neural variables relevant to health and – disease. We discuss gut brain signalling mechanisms enabling psychobiotic Psychobiotics exert anxiolytic and anti- depressant effects characterised by effects, such as metabolite production. Overall, knowledge of how the micro- changes in emotional, cognitive, sys- biome responds to exogenous influence remains limited. We tabulate several temic, and neural indices. Bacteria– important research questions and issues, exploration of which will generate brain communication channels through which psychobiotics exert effects both mechanistic insights and facilitate future psychobiotic development. We include the enteric nervous system suggest the definition of psychobiotics be expanded beyond probiotics and and the immune system. prebiotics to include other means of influencing the microbiome. Current unknowns include dose- responses and long-term effects. The Microbiome–Gut–Brain Axis The gut microbiome comprises all microorganisms and their genomes inhabiting the intestinal The definition of psychobiotics should tract. It is a key node in the bidirectional gut–brain axis (see Glossary) that develops through early be expanded to any exogenous influ- ence whose effect on the brain is colonisation and through which the brain and gut jointly maintain an organism's health.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effectiveness of Probiotic Lactobacillus Rhamnosus
    nutrients Article The Effectiveness of Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei Strains in Children with Atopic Dermatitis and Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study Bozena˙ Cukrowska 1,*, Aldona Ceregra 2, Elzbieta˙ Maciorkowska 3, Barbara Surowska 4, Maria Agnieszka Zegadło-Mylik 5, Ewa Konopka 1, Ilona Trojanowska 1, Magdalena Zakrzewska 3, Joanna Beata Bierła 1 , Mateusz Zakrzewski 3, Ewelina Kanarek 1 and Ilona Motyl 6 1 Department of Pathomorphology, the Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] (E.K.); [email protected] (I.T.); [email protected] (J.B.B.); [email protected] (E.K.) 2 Outpatient Allergology and Dermatology Clinic, Patriotów St. 100, 04-844 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] 3 Department of Developmental Age Medicine and Paediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna St. 37, 15-295 Białystok, Poland; [email protected] (E.M.); Citation: Cukrowska, B.; Ceregra, A.; [email protected] (M.Z.); [email protected] (M.Z.) 4 Outpatient Allergology Clinic, the Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, Maciorkowska, E.; Surowska, B.; 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected] Zegadło-Mylik, M.A.; Konopka, E.; 5 Outpatient Dermatology Clinic, Chodakowska St. 8, 96-503 Sochaczew, Poland; [email protected] Trojanowska, I.; Zakrzewska, M.; 6 Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wólcza´nska171/173, Bierła, J.B.; Zakrzewski, M.; et al. The 90-924 Łód´z,Poland; [email protected] Effectiveness of Probiotic Lactobacillus * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-22-815-19-69 rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei Strains in Children with Atopic Abstract: Probiotics seem to have promising effects in the prevention and treatment of allergic Dermatitis and Cow’s Milk Protein conditions including atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy.
    [Show full text]
  • International Journal of Food Microbiology Influence of Passion
    International Journal of Food Microbiology 292 (2019) 126–136 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Food Microbiology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijfoodmicro Influence of passion fruit by-product and fructooligosaccharides onthe T viability of Streptococcus thermophilus TH-4 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG in folate bio-enriched fermented soy products and their effect on probiotic survival and folate bio-accessibility under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions Marcela Albuquerque Cavalcanti Albuquerquea,b, Debora Satie Yamacitaa, Raquel Bedania,b, ⁎ Jean Guy LeBlancc, Susana Marta Isay Saada,b, a Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil b Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil c CERELA-CONICET, C.P. T4000ILC San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of passion fruit by-product (PFBP) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) Probiotic on the viability of Streptococcus thermophilus TH-4 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG in folate bio-enriched fer- Folate mented soy products and their effect on probiotic survival and folate bio-accessibility under in vitro simulated Passion fruit by-product gastrointestinal conditions during storage of the products at 4 °C for up to 28 days (at days 1, 14, and 28). Kinetic Fructooligosaccharides parameters and folate contents before and after fermentation were also evaluated. Four different bio-enriched Fermented soy product soy products in which the two microorganisms were used in co-cultures were studied and PFBP and/or FOS were Bio-accessibility added at 1 g/100 g, except for the control product.
    [Show full text]