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A Review on Maha Paishachika Ghrita - an Ayurvedic Formulation Used in Psychiatric Disorders

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A Review on Maha Paishachika Ghrita - an Ayurvedic Formulation Used in Psychiatric Disorders © NOV 2020 | IRE Journals | Volume 4 Issue 5 | ISSN: 2456-8880 A Review on Maha Paishachika Ghrita - An Ayurvedic Formulation Used in Psychiatric Disorders DR. UMAKANT N. RABB1, DR. AMOL DESAI2, DR. DHIRAJ K. PATIL3 1 Associate Professor, Department of Dravyaguna Vijnana, Acharya Deshbhushan Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Shamnewadi -Bedkihal, Tal: Chikkodi, Dist: Belagavi, Karnataka, India. 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Kayachikitsa, Acharya Dheshabhushan Ayurved Medical College and Hospital, Shamnewadi-Bedkihal, Tal: Chikkodi, Dist: Belgavi, Karnataka India. 3 Prof. Dept of Kayachikitsa Acharya Deshbhushan Ayurved Medical College and Hospital, Shamnewadi- Bedkihal, Tal: Chikkodi, Dist: Belgavi, Karnataka, India. Abstract- Ayurveda is not only a science of longevity attempt is made to highlight the formulation, but also have spiritual aspects. The equilibrium of ingredients, their botanical source, preparation, its health is achieved by the proper acquaintance of administration. The Maha Paishachika Ghrita is Tridosha, Sapta Dahatu, Trimalas and proper co- advised to consume daily with warm milk to avoid ordinance with sense organs and Manas. Here the psychological disorders. Manas refers the mind. The clarity of the mind is achieved by the balance in the Satva, Raja and Tama Indexed Terms- Ayurveda, Manas, Triguna, Maha Gunas. The imbalance in these attributes leads to Paishachika Ghrita, Manasa Rogas, Psychological psychological as well as somatic diseases. In disorders etc. Ayurveda the psychological disorders refer to Manasa Rogas. Viz; Unmada, Apasmara, I. INTRODUCTION Chittodvega, Atatvabhinivesha, Vishada, etc. This imbalance in the attributes leads to Dhi, Dhriti and A healthy mind and healthy body is constitutes healthy Smriti Vibhramsha ie the mind unable to recognize well being. The mind is also termed in classics as the which is good and which is bad. To attain the Satva. It is synonyms of Manas(Mind)[1]. The Satva is Samyak Jnana. Ayurveda enumerated various kinds of three types viz; Pravara- Strong will power who of formulations. In these formulations most of them can sustain the and endure the pain full situations. It is are Ghrita preparations. Because the Ghrita crosses predominated by Satva Guna. The second one is the blood brain barrier,and gives the desired effect. Madhyama Satva- Has moderate will power and Among these Ghrita preparation the Maha moderate capacity to tolerate the disease. It is Paishachika Ghrita is majorly used by our ancestors. predominated by Rajo Guna. The third one is Avara The main ingredients of these Ghrita are; Jatamansi, Satva- Has weak mental capacity and unable to endure Haritaki, Bhutakeshi, Carati(Kumbhi), the pain and situations. It is predominant by Tama Markati(Shoka Shimbhi), Vacha, Trayamana, Guna. The mind is responsible for the thinking pattern Jaya(Jayanti), Veera(Ksheera Kakoli or and activity. The disequilibrium of the Satva, Raja and Shalaparni), Choraka, Katuka Rohini, Tama attributes affects the mental health. Kayastha(Sookshma Ela), Shukari(Varahikanda), Chatra(Madhurika), Atichatra(Shatapushpa), As per Acharya Sushruta [2] the mental health is Palankasha(Guggulu), Mahapurusha Prasannata of the mind ie healthy mind with Danta(Shatavari), Vayastha(Bramhi), Nakuli, emotional well being, appropriate thinking and Gandhanakuli(Rasna), Katambara (Katabhi), behaviour along with proper coordination with Vrischikali, Shalaparni. The prepared Ghrita is Indriya(Sense organs), and Atma(Soul). A Satvik well administered with milk and also administered as being person whose Dhee(Intellect), Dhriti(Patience), Nasya ie through nasal route and through the rectal and Smriti(Memory), and who is able to differentiate route in the form of medicated enema. Here an the right and wrong, wholesome and unwholesome, IRE 1702524 ICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS 10 © NOV 2020 | IRE Journals | Volume 4 Issue 5 | ISSN: 2456-8880 who has proper control over the Indriyas(Sense mid are Krodha(Anger), Shoka(Sorrow), Bhaya(Fear), organs), Chintya(Thinking pattern), Uhya(Proper Harsha(Happiness), Vishada(Depression), reasoning), Dhyeya(Determination) and Irsha(Jealousy), Abhyasa(Continuous efforts), Sankalpa(Strong will power). The abnormal Dainya(Dejection), Matsarya(Cruelty), Kama(Lust), condition of the mind leads to impairment of mental Lobha(Greed), Maana(Pride), Mada(Neurosis), functions, like improper coordination with sense Moha(Ignorance and Dellusion), organs, thinking pattern, analyzing capacity, Buddhi, Amarsha(Intolerance), Dambha(Sense of boosting), Smriti(Retention capacity), Sense perception Karpanya(Unable to take decisions), Udvega(Anxiety Chesta(Activities or functions), and also on life style. neurosis), Roudra(Short temperament). Acharya This causes Alpa Satva(Weak will power), and 20Charaka enumerated the description of Manasika psycho-somatic disorders. Therefore Mind is regarded Vikara like Unmada(Psychosis), as Ashraya(Substratum) of diseases along with Apasmara(Convulsive disorders), Sharira(The body) [3]. Atatwabhinivesha(Psycho neurosis), Personality disorders. II. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES V. GENERAL PATHOGENESIS OF MANO • Preparation of the Maha Paishachika Ghrita. VIKARA • To Study the role of Maha Paishachika Ghrita in Manasa Rogas. Due to Mithya Ahara Vihara and Alpa Satva there will be Sharirika and Manasika Dosha Prakopa. Which III. MATERIAL AND METHODS leads to Manovaha Stroto Vaigunya. This leads to further impairment in Mano Karma causes Mano • Preparation of Maha Paishachika Ghrita as per Vikaras. Ayuvedic standards. VI. SYMPTOMS OF MANO VIKARA [9]- IV. DISCUSSION The symptoms of Manovikara are categorized under The mind is an instrument or the factor by which one two groups viz; Udvega Lakshana(Hyper active can perceive the knowledge [4]. The mind is the symptoms) and Vishada Lakshana(Hypo active constituent of the subtle body and it is under the symptoms). control of Atma. Due to Atma mind is active and conscious. The properties of mind is Repulsion and The Hyper active symptoms are Bhaya(Fear), Attraction and it is concerned with Jnanendriyas and Asthairya(Lack of resolution), Vepathu(Tremors), Karmendriyas. Therefore it is called as Ubhayatmaka Hritkampa(Palpitation), Sheeghra Kopa(Short Manah.(Concern with both sensory and motor temper), Sweda Bahulata(Excessive perspiration), centers). The action of mind[5] are perception and Tritbahulata(Excessive thirst), motor control, Swanigraha( Self control), guessing, Mukshashosha(Dryness of mouth), thinking, control over sensory and peripheral Galashosha(Dryness of throat), organs,ability to differentiate between right and Vakshoparodha(Chest congestion). The Hypo active wrong, possibilities and non possibilities, acceptable symptoms includes Vishada(Depression), and non acceptable. The factors responsible for Utsahanasha(Lethargy), Shoka(Greif), Asha abnormal functions of the mind are impairment in the Bhanga(Loss of expectation leads to mental faculties, Alpa Satva, vitiation of Sharirika frustration/depression), Apravartana(Lack of and Manasika Doshas. Vitiation of Manovaha Strotas motivation), Anannabhilasha(Lack of interest in food due to Raja and Tama Doshas, which impairs mental intake), Alpavak(Reduces speech), faculties like Dhi(Power of intelligence[6], Alpachestha(Reduces activity), Anidra(Loss of sleep), Dhriti(Power of retention[7] and Smriti(Power of Saada(Fatigue). recall)[8]. Acharya Sushruta [8] enumerated entities of IRE 1702524 ICONIC RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING JOURNALS 11 © NOV 2020 | IRE Journals | Volume 4 Issue 5 | ISSN: 2456-8880 VII. TREATMENT OF MANO VIKARA [9]- 8. Jaya(Jayanti) ref raja nigha (Sesbania aegyptiaca Pers, Fabaceae)[17] - Jayanti is Tikta • Daiva Vyapashraya Chikitsa- Spritual Therapy Katu in Rasa, Ushna Veerya, Vatahara(Subsides • Satvavajaya Chikitsa- Psychotherapy Vata Dosha), It is specifically indicated in • Yukti Vyapashraya Chikitsa- Logical Treatment Galaganda The administration of Maha Paishachika Ghrita in 9. Veera-Ksheera Kakoli [18] is Madhura(Sweet), Manovikarasa comes under logical treatment. Guru(Heavy), and Sheeta Veerya(Cold in potency). It alleviates Vata Dosha, VIII. INGREDIENTS OF MAHA PAISHACHIKA Daha(Burning sensation), GHRITA- Asrapitta(Haemorrhagic diseases), Shosha(Emaciation), Trishna(Thirst), The main ingredients of Maha Paishachika Ghrita are; Jwara(Fever). 1. Jatamansi(Nordostachys jatamansi Dc, 10. Choraka(Angelica glauca Edgew, Vallirianaceae)[10]- The Jatamansi acts as Umbelliferae)[19]- Choraka is Laghu(Light), Medhya(Brain Tonic), Twachya(Good for skin), Teekshna(Penetrating), Katu(Pungent), Kanti Vardhana(Improves complexion). Tikta(Bitter in taste), Katu Vipaka(Pungent in 2. Haritaki(Terminalia chebula Retz, post digestive effect), Ushna Virya(Hot in Combretaceae) [11]- Haritaki is Medhya(Brain potency). It acts as Medhya(Brain tonic), tonic), Vayasthapana(Anti oxidant), and Deepana(Appetizer), Pachana(Digestive), Deepana(Appetizer). Jwargna(Cures fever), Kusthagna(Skin 3. Bhutakeshi(Vitex negundo Linn Verbenaceae) diseases). [12],[13]- Nirgundi or Bhuta Keshi is 11. Katuka Rohini(Picrorrhiza kurrao Royle ex Krimighna(Anti helmenthic), Benth, Scrophulariaceae)[20]- Katuka Rohini is Shophagna(Reduces edema), Kustha(Skin Tikta(Bitter), Katu Vipaka(Pungent in post diseases), Vatahara. It promotes digestive effect), Ruksha(Dry), Sheeta(Cooling), Smriti(Memory), Keshya(Good for hair), and Laghu(Light), It is Bhedini(Softens the hard eyes. stools), Deepana(Appetizer), Hridya(Good for 4. Carati(Kumbhi)- (Careya arborea
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