Programme and Abstracts

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Programme and Abstracts PROGRAMME AND ABSTRACTS Budapest 7-10 June 2017 4th International Symposium on Ranaviruses June 7 - 10, 2017 Budapest, Hungary http://kabafalvi.wixsite.com/isvlv-2017 https://www.rana-2017.com/ Cover photo: Zsolt Sonnleitner 1 Thank You to our Sponsors! 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome from the Organizers .............................................................................................. 4 Contacts ................................................................................................................................. 5 Welcome from the Director of the GRC ................................................................................ 6 The Global Ranavirus Consortium Board .............................................................................. 8 Scientific Committee ........................................................................................................... 10 Maps .................................................................................................................................... 11 Budapest map .................................................................................................................. 11 University campus map ................................................................................................... 12 Program and Overview ........................................................................................................ 12 Oral Presentations ........................................................................................................... 14 Poster Presentations ........................................................................................................ 20 Field Trips ............................................................................................................................. 22 Oral Presentation Abstracts ................................................................................................ 23 Poster Presentation Abstracts ............................................................................................. 64 Author Index A-Z .................................................................................................................. 81 List of Participants ............................................................................................................... 84 3 WELCOME FROM THE ORGANIZERS Dear Colleague, We are delighted to welcome you to the 4th International Symposium on Ranaviruses (ISR) in Budapest. This is the first time that the ISR has been held outside the United States. Regular ISR participants may find certain conditions unusual, as Hungary is not one of Europe's most advanced or richest countries. This is also the first time that the ISR is being held adjacent to the International Symposium on Viruses of Lower Vertebrates. The idea of hosting the two conferences here consecutively came to Rachel Marschang since there is a considerable overlap between the scientific interests of the usual audiences of the two symposia. Rachel was right indeed. More than half of the registered guests took advantage of the reduced fee for the combined participation. Over 100 delegates representing more than 20 countries from five continents are expected so that we had to choose a slightly larger lecture hall for the first, joint day. We tried our best to keep up with the high standard of ISRs including the organization of hopefully intriguing field trips that provide insights into the problems and practices of nature conservation specific to Hungary. Please enjoy the proximity of the campus to the real downtown of Pest, but do not forget to climb at least one hill (Gellért or Castle Hill) on the Buda side. The best panorama can be viewed around sunset. We wish you a relaxing and fruitful meeting, and hope that you will enjoy your stay here as much as we have enjoyed the preparations. Special thanks are due to the members of the Scientific Committee and to the GRC Board for editing the abstract book and for technical and financial support, respectively. Sincerely, Mária Benkő, Balázs Harrach, Tibor Papp Local Organizers Rachel E. Marschang GRC Representative 4 CONTACTS In case of questions or emergency, please do not hesitate to contact us Tibor Papp: +36 20 618 6114; [email protected] Mária Benkő: +36 30 569 8165; [email protected] H-1143 Budapest, Hungária krt. 21. Hungary 5 WELCOME FROM THE DIRECTOR OF THE GRC The mission of the Global Ranavirus Consortium (GRC) is to facilitate communication and collaboration among professionals and students interested in ranaviruses. The GRC is dedicated to: (1) advancing knowledge in all areas of ranavirus biology and disease, (2) facilitating multi-disciplinary research collaborations, (3) disseminating information on ranaviruses, and (4) providing technical guidance and training opportunities. The first GRC Board was elected and formed in April 2013, and consists of a Director (Dr. Matthew Gray), Associate Director (Dr. Jesse Brunner), Secretary/Treasurer (Dr. Amanda Duffus), and five continental representatives (Drs. Ellen Ariel, Rachel Marschang, Rolando Mazzoni, Yumi Une, and Thomas Waltzek). In addition, Dr. Greg Chinchar serves as an honorary advisor to the Board. During the 2017 International Symposium on Ranaviruses (ISR), the Board will transition to the following leadership: Past-Director (Dr. Matthew Gray), Director (Dr. Jesse Brunner), Associate Director (Dr. Tom Waltzek), Secretary/Treasurer (Dr. Amanda Duffus), and five continental representatives (Drs. Ellen Ariel, Marja Kik, Claudio Soto, Qiwei Qin, and Maria Forzan). Thank you to all of the officers that served for the past four years and congratulations to the incoming Board! Since 2013, there have been several milestones for the GRC: (1) bylaws were drafted and approved, (2) the GRC became incorporated as a non-profit organization, (3) application for 501c tax-exempt status in the USA was submitted, (4) a new website with various resources was created and maintained (http://www.ranavirus.org/), (5) three international symposia were hosted, (6) a workshop on ranaviruses was organized in Harbin, China, (7) workshops on designing ranavirus studies, analyzing surveillance data, and diagnostic techniques were delivered at the 2015 ISR, (8) the Global Ranavirus Reporting System (GRRS, https://mantle.io/grrs) was created, (9) an open access eBook on ranaviruses was published (http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-319-13755-1), and (10) an online course over ranaviruses was instructed; 27 GRC members contributed to instruction with 46 course participants from 7 countries. Future activities of the GRC will be discussed during the 2017 ISR, but might include: (1) concerted efforts to populate the GRRS, (2) establishing continental discussion groups that meet online to discuss ongoing research, publications and opportunities for collaboration, and (3) organizing regional workshops and other outreach activities. As part of (3), we hope to offer the online course over ranaviruses again, but to allow participants the option to take portions of the full course that align most with their interests. We encourage all symposium attendees to become members of the GRC ($15 students, $30 professionals). Membership fees help maintain the GRC website, generate funds for travel grants and outreach activities, and defer costs of the biennial symposia. The GRC also maintains a LISTSERV ([email protected]) to enhance communication, which can be joined via the GRC website. 6 Factors responsible for the emergence of ranaviruses in ectothermic vertebrate communities are complex. In order to unravel the causes of ranavirus emergence and identify disease mitigation strategies, it requires teams of professionals with various areas of expertise. The GRC strives to foster development of new professional relationships that lead to the advancement of knowledge on ranaviruses. Please take a part in this mission by becoming a member of the GRC, serving on a GRC ad hoc committee, participating in a GRC continental discussion group, and attending future symposia. The GRC Board looks forward to interacting with you during this symposium and in the future! All the Best— Matt Gray Director, Global Ranavirus Consortium, Inc. http://www.ranavirus.org/ 7 THE GLOBAL RANAVIRUS CONSORTIUM BOARD 2013-2017: DIRECTOR ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR SECRETARY-TREASURER Matthew J. Gray, Ph.D. Jesse L. Brunner, Ph.D. Amanda L. J. Duffus Ph.D. University of Tennessee, USA Washington State University, Gordon State College, USA [email protected] USA [email protected] [email protected] ASIA REPRESENTATIVE AUSTRALIA REPRESENTATIVE EUROPE AND AFRICA REPRESENTATIVE Yumi Une, D.V.M., Ph.D. Ellen Ariel, Ph.D. PD Dr. vet. med. Rachel James Cook University, Marschang Azabu University, Japan Australia Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, une@azabu‐u.ac.jp [email protected] Germany [email protected] NORTH AMERICA REPRESENTATIVE SOUTH AMERICA HONORARY ADVISOR REPRESENNTATIVE Thomas B. Waltzek, D.V.M., Rolando Mazzoni, D.V.M., V. Gregory Chinchar, Ph.D. Ph.D. Ph.D. University of Mississippi University of Florida, USA Universidade Federal de Goiás, Medical College, USA [email protected] Brazil [email protected] [email protected] 8 2017-2021 PAST DIRECTOR DIRECTOR ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR Matthew J. Gray, Ph.D. Jesse L. Brunner, Ph.D. Thomas B. Waltzek, D.V.M., University of Tennessee, USA Washington State University, Ph.D. [email protected] USA University of Florida, USA [email protected] [email protected] SECRETARY-TREASURER
Recommended publications
  • Changes to Virus Taxonomy 2004
    Arch Virol (2005) 150: 189–198 DOI 10.1007/s00705-004-0429-1 Changes to virus taxonomy 2004 M. A. Mayo (ICTV Secretary) Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, U.K. Received July 30, 2004; accepted September 25, 2004 Published online November 10, 2004 c Springer-Verlag 2004 This note presents a compilation of recent changes to virus taxonomy decided by voting by the ICTV membership following recommendations from the ICTV Executive Committee. The changes are presented in the Table as decisions promoted by the Subcommittees of the EC and are grouped according to the major hosts of the viruses involved. These new taxa will be presented in more detail in the 8th ICTV Report scheduled to be published near the end of 2004 (Fauquet et al., 2004). Fauquet, C.M., Mayo, M.A., Maniloff, J., Desselberger, U., and Ball, L.A. (eds) (2004). Virus Taxonomy, VIIIth Report of the ICTV. Elsevier/Academic Press, London, pp. 1258. Recent changes to virus taxonomy Viruses of vertebrates Family Arenaviridae • Designate Cupixi virus as a species in the genus Arenavirus • Designate Bear Canyon virus as a species in the genus Arenavirus • Designate Allpahuayo virus as a species in the genus Arenavirus Family Birnaviridae • Assign Blotched snakehead virus as an unassigned species in family Birnaviridae Family Circoviridae • Create a new genus (Anellovirus) with Torque teno virus as type species Family Coronaviridae • Recognize a new species Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the genus Coro- navirus, family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales
    [Show full text]
  • The DNA Virus Invertebrate Iridescent Virus 6 Is a Target of the Drosophila Rnai Machinery
    The DNA virus Invertebrate iridescent virus 6 is a target of the Drosophila RNAi machinery Alfred W. Bronkhorsta,1, Koen W. R. van Cleefa,1, Nicolas Vodovarb,2, Ikbal_ Agah Ince_ c,d,e, Hervé Blancb, Just M. Vlakc, Maria-Carla Salehb,3, and Ronald P. van Rija,3 aDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen Institute for Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; bViruses and RNA Interference Group, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 3015, 75015 Paris, France; cLaboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; dDepartment of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey; and eDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, Giresun 28100, Turkey Edited by Peter Palese, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, and approved October 19, 2012 (received for review April 28, 2012) RNA viruses in insects are targets of an RNA interference (RNAi)- sequently, are hypersensitive to virus infection and succumb more based antiviral immune response, in which viral replication inter- rapidly than their wild-type (WT) controls (11–14). mediates or viral dsRNA genomes are processed by Dicer-2 (Dcr-2) Small RNA cloning and next-generation sequencing provide into viral small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs). Whether dsDNA virus detailed insights into vsiRNA biogenesis. In several studies in infections are controlled by the RNAi pathway remains to be insects, the polarity of the vsiRNA population deviates strongly determined. Here, we analyzed the role of RNAi in DNA virus from the highly skewed distribution of positive strand (+) over infection using Drosophila melanogaster infected with Invertebrate negative (−) viral RNAs that is generally observed in (+) RNA iridescent virus 6 (IIV-6) as a model.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology and Pathology of Amphibian Ranaviruses
    Vol. 87: 243–266, 2009 DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published December 3 doi: 10.3354/dao02138 Dis Aquat Org OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS REVIEW Ecology and pathology of amphibian ranaviruses Matthew J. Gray1,*, Debra L. Miller1, 2, Jason T. Hoverman1 1274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building, Center for Wildlife Health, Department of Forestry Wildlife and Fisheries, Institute of Agriculture, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-4563, USA 2Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 43 Brighton Road, Tifton, Georgia 31793, USA ABSTRACT: Mass mortality of amphibians has occurred globally since at least the early 1990s from viral pathogens that are members of the genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae. The pathogen infects multiple amphibian hosts, larval and adult cohorts, and may persist in herpetofaunal and oste- ichthyan reservoirs. Environmental persistence of ranavirus virions outside a host may be several weeks or longer in aquatic systems. Transmission occurs by indirect and direct routes, and includes exposure to contaminated water or soil, casual or direct contact with infected individuals, and inges- tion of infected tissue during predation, cannibalism, or necrophagy. Some gross lesions include swelling of the limbs or body, erythema, swollen friable livers, and hemorrhage. Susceptible amphi- bians usually die from chronic cell death in multiple organs, which can occur within a few days fol- lowing infection or may take several weeks. Amphibian species differ in their susceptibility to rana- viruses, which may be related to their co-evolutionary history with the pathogen. The occurrence of recent widespread amphibian population die-offs from ranaviruses may be an interaction of sup- pressed and naïve host immunity, anthropogenic stressors, and novel strain introduction.
    [Show full text]
  • Emerging Viral Diseases of Fish and Shrimp Peter J
    Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp Peter J. Walker, James R. Winton To cite this version: Peter J. Walker, James R. Winton. Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp. Veterinary Research, BioMed Central, 2010, 41 (6), 10.1051/vetres/2010022. hal-00903183 HAL Id: hal-00903183 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00903183 Submitted on 1 Jan 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Vet. Res. (2010) 41:51 www.vetres.org DOI: 10.1051/vetres/2010022 Ó INRA, EDP Sciences, 2010 Review article Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp 1 2 Peter J. WALKER *, James R. WINTON 1 CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL), 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, Victoria, Australia 2 USGS Western Fisheries Research Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington, USA (Received 7 December 2009; accepted 19 April 2010) Abstract – The rise of aquaculture has been one of the most profound changes in global food production of the past 100 years. Driven by population growth, rising demand for seafood and a levelling of production from capture fisheries, the practice of farming aquatic animals has expanded rapidly to become a major global industry.
    [Show full text]
  • Cefas PANDA Report
    Project no. SSPE-CT-2003-502329 PANDA Permanent network to strengthen expertise on infectious diseases of aquaculture species and scientific advice to EU policy Coordination Action, Scientific support to policies WP4: Report on the current best methods for rapid and accurate detection of the main disease hazards in aquaculture, requirements for improvement, their eventual standardisation and validation, and how to achieve harmonised implementation throughout Europe of the best diagnostic methods Olga Haenen*, Inger Dalsgaard, Jean-Robert Bonami, Jean-Pierre Joly, Niels Olesen, Britt Bang Jensen, Ellen Ariel, Laurence Miossec and Isabelle Arzul Work package leader & corresponding author: Dr Olga Haenen, CIDC-Lelystad, NL ([email protected]) PANDA co-ordinator: Dr Barry Hill, CEFAS, UK; www.europanda.net © PANDA, 2007 Cover image: Koi with Koi Herpes Virus Disease: enophthalmia and gill necrosis (M.Engelsma acknowl.) Contents Executive summary 5 Section 1 Introduction 7 1.1 Description of work 7 1.2 Deliverables 8 1.3 Milestones and expected results 9 1.4 Structure of the report and how to use it 9 1.5 General remarks and links with other WPs of PANDA 9 Section 2 Materials and methods 10 2.1 Task force 10 2.2 Network 10 2.3 Workshops and dissemination 10 2.4 Analysis of data 10 2.5 Why harmonization throughout Europe background and aim 11 2.6. CRL functions 11 Section 3 Results 12 3.1 Task force 12 3.2 Network 12 3.3 Workshops and dissemination 12 3.4 Analysis of data 14 Diseases/pathogens of fish 14 3.4.1 Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating Environmental DNA-Based Quantification of Ranavirus Infection
    Molecular Ecology Resources (2015) doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.12461 Evaluating environmental DNA-based quantification of ranavirus infection in wood frog populations EMILY M. HALL,* ERICA J. CRESPI,* CAREN S. GOLDBERG† andJESSE L. BRUNNER* *School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, PO Box 644236, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA, †School of the Environment, Washington State University, PO Box 646410, Pullman, WA 99164-2812, USA Abstract A variety of challenges arise when monitoring wildlife populations for disease. Sampling tissues can be invasive to hosts, and obtaining sufficient sample sizes can be expensive and time-consuming, particularly for rare species and when pathogen prevalence is low. Environmental DNA (eDNA)-based detection of pathogens is an alternative approach to surveillance for aquatic communities that circumvents many of these issues. Ranaviruses are emerging pathogens of ectothermic vertebrates linked to die-offs of amphibian populations. Detecting ranavirus infections is critical, but nonlethal methods have the above issues and are prone to false negatives. We report on the feasibility and effectiveness of eDNA-based ranavirus detection in the field. We compared ranavirus titres in eDNA samples collected from pond water to titres in wood frog (Lithobates sylvaticus; n = 5) tadpoles in sites dominated by this one species (n = 20 pond visits). We examined whether ranavirus DNA can be detected in eDNA from pond water when infections are present in the pond and if viral titres detected in eDNA samples correlate with the prevalence or intensity of ranavirus infections in tadpoles. With three 250 mL water samples, we were able to detect the virus in all visits with infected larvae (0.92 diagnostic sensitivity).
    [Show full text]
  • Genome Analysis of Ranavirus Frog Virus 3Isolated from American Bullfrog
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Genome analysis of Ranavirus frog virus 3 isolated from American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in South America Marcelo Candido 1*, Loiane Sampaio Tavares1, Anna Luiza Farias Alencar2, Cláudia Maris Ferreira3, Sabrina Ribeiro de Almeida Queiroz1, Andrezza Maria Fernandes1 & Ricardo Luiz Moro de Sousa1 Ranaviruses (family Iridoviridae) cause important diseases in cold-blooded vertebrates. In addition, some occurrences indicate that, in this genus, the same virus can infect animals from diferent taxonomic groups. A strain isolated from a Ranavirus outbreak (2012) in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, had its genome sequenced and presented 99.26% and 36.85% identity with samples of Frog virus 3 (FV3) and Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) ranaviruses, respectively. Eight potential recombination events among the analyzed sample and reference FV3 samples were identifed, including a recombination with Bohle iridovirus (BIV) sample from Oceania. The analyzed sample presented several rearrangements compared to FV3 reference samples from North America and European continent. We report for the frst time the complete genome of Ranavirus FV3 isolated from South America, these results contribute to a greater knowledge related to evolutionary events of potentially lethal infectious agent for cold-blooded animals. Among the major viral pathogens, worldwide distributed and recent history, Ranavirus (Rv) is highlighted, on which, studies in South America remain limited. Rv are part of the family Iridoviridae that is divided into fve genera, of which three are considered more relevant by infectious severity in aquatic and semi-aquatic animals: Lymphocystivirus, Megalocytivirus and Rv. Tey are enveloped and unenveloped viruses, showing double-stranded DNA whose genome ranges from 103 to 220 kbp.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Genomic Analyses and Expression of a Set of Overlapping Open Reading Frames of Frog Virus 3, Type Species of Ranavirus (Family Iridoviridae)
    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 4-2006 Comparative Genomic Analyses and Expression of a Set of Overlapping Open Reading Frames of Frog Virus 3, Type Species of Ranavirus (Family Iridoviridae) Wendy Guat Hoon Tan Western Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, Biology Commons, and the Cell and Developmental Biology Commons Recommended Citation Tan, Wendy Guat Hoon, "Comparative Genomic Analyses and Expression of a Set of Overlapping Open Reading Frames of Frog Virus 3, Type Species of Ranavirus (Family Iridoviridae)" (2006). Dissertations. 995. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/995 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMPARATIVE GENOMIC ANALYSES AND EXPRESSION OF A SET OF OVERLAPPING OPEN READING FRAMES OF FROG VIRUS 3, TYPE SPECIES OF R A N A V IR U S (FAM ILY IRIDOVIRIDAE) by Wendy Guat Hoon Tan A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Biological Sciences Dr. Karim Essani, Advisor Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan April 2006 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. COMPARATIVE GENOMIC ANALYSES AND EXPRESSION OF A SET OF OVERLAPPING OPEN READING FRAMES OF FROG VIRUS 3, TYPE SPECIES OF RANAVIRUS (FAMILY IRIDOVIRIDAE) Wendy Guat Hoon Tan, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • A Field Guide to Common Wildlife Diseases and Parasites in the Northwest Territories
    A Field Guide to Common Wildlife Diseases and Parasites in the Northwest Territories 6TH EDITION (MARCH 2017) Introduction Although most wild animals in the NWT are healthy, diseases and parasites can occur in any wildlife population. Some of these diseases can infect people or domestic animals. It is important to regularly monitor and assess diseases in wildlife populations so we can take steps to reduce their impact on healthy animals and people. • recognize sickness in an animal before they shoot; •The identify information a disease in this or field parasite guide in should an animal help theyhunters have to: killed; • know how to protect themselves from infection; and • help wildlife agencies monitor wildlife disease and parasites. The diseases in this booklet are grouped according to where they are most often seen in the body of the Generalanimal: skin, precautions: head, liver, lungs, muscle, and general. Hunters should look for signs of sickness in animals • poor condition (weak, sluggish, thin or lame); •before swellings they shoot, or lumps, such hair as: loss, blood or discharges from the nose or mouth; or • abnormal behaviour (loss of fear of people, aggressiveness). If you shoot a sick animal: • Do not cut into diseased parts. • Wash your hands, knives and clothes in hot, soapy animal, and disinfect with a weak bleach solution. water after you finish cutting up and skinning the 2 • If meat from an infected animal can be eaten, cook meat thoroughly until it is no longer pink and juice from the meat is clear. • Do not feed parts of infected animals to dogs.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly (TSA) Database on 29 November 2020 (Ftp://Ftp.Ddbj.Nig.Ac.Jp/Ddbj Database/Tsa/, Table S3)
    viruses Article Discovery and Characterization of Actively Replicating DNA and Retro-Transcribing Viruses in Lower Vertebrate Hosts Based on RNA Sequencing Xin-Xin Chen, Wei-Chen Wu and Mang Shi * School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; [email protected] (X.-X.C.); [email protected] (W.-C.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: In a previous study, a metatranscriptomics survey of RNA viruses in several important lower vertebrate host groups revealed huge viral diversity, transforming the understanding of the evolution of vertebrate-associated RNA virus groups. However, the diversity of the DNA and retro-transcribing viruses in these host groups was left uncharacterized. Given that RNA sequencing is capable of revealing viruses undergoing active transcription and replication, we collected previously generated datasets associated with lower vertebrate hosts, and searched them for DNA and retro-transcribing viruses. Our results revealed the complete genome, or “core gene sets”, of 18 vertebrate-associated DNA and retro-transcribing viruses in cartilaginous fishes, ray- finned fishes, and amphibians, many of which had high abundance levels, and some of which showed systemic infections in multiple organs, suggesting active transcription or acute infection within the host. Furthermore, these new findings recharacterized the evolutionary history in the families Hepadnaviridae, Papillomaviridae, and Alloherpesviridae, confirming long-term virus–host codivergence relationships for these virus groups.
    [Show full text]
  • (Bufo Bufo) in Switzerland Published: Xx Xx Xxxx Francesco C
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Bufonid herpesvirus 1 (BfHV1) associated dermatitis and mortality in free ranging common toads Received: 19 January 2018 Accepted: 17 September 2018 (Bufo bufo) in Switzerland Published: xx xx xxxx Francesco C. Origgi1, Benedikt R. Schmidt 2,3, Petra Lohmann4, Patricia Otten5, Roman K. Meier1, Simone R. R. Pisano1, Gaia Moore-Jones1, Marco Tecilla6, Ursula Sattler1, Thomas Wahli1, Veronique Gaschen7 & Michael H. Stofel7 Here we report the discovery and partial characterization of a novel herpesvirus tentatively named Bufonid herpesvirus 1 (BfHV1) from severe dermatitis in free ranging common toads (Bufo bufo) in Switzerland. The disease has been observed in toads every year since 2014, in spring, during the mating season, at diferent and distant locations. The virus is found in the skin and occasionally in the brain of infected toads. The genome of the virus is at least 158 Kb long and contains at least 152 open reading frames with a minimal length of 270 nt. The genome of BfHV1 contains all the signature genes that are present in alloherpesviruses. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequence of the DNA polymerase and terminase proteins positions the novel virus among the members of the genus Batrachovirus, family Alloherpesviridae. This is the frst herpesvirus ever characterized in common toads. Amphibians are undergoing a major decline worldwide1,2. Te reasons for this unprecedented loss in biodiversity are only partially understood3. Among potential contributors, infectious diseases have recently raised attention as important players4,5. In addition to well-characterized amphibian pathogens including chytrids6–9 and rana- viruses5,10,11, it is likely that other pathogens or putative pathogens, whose role in amphibian disease ecology is basically unknown, though not irrelevant, are still to be discovered and better investigated12.
    [Show full text]
  • The-Dictionary-Of-Virology-4Th-Mahy
    The Dictionary of VIROLOGY This page intentionally left blank The Dictionary of VIROLOGY Fourth Edition Brian W.J. Mahy Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta, GA 30333 USA AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or trans- mitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Departmentin Oxford, UK: phone (ϩ44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (ϩ44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected]. Alternatively visit the Science and Technology website at www.elsevierdirect.com/rights for further information Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 978-0-12-373732-8 For information on all Academic Press publications visit our website at www.elsevierdirect.com Typeset by Charon Tec Ltd., A Macmillan Company.
    [Show full text]