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Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42534-6 — English in Multilingual South Africa Edited by Raymond Hickey Index More Information Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42534-6 — English in Multilingual South Africa Edited by Raymond Hickey Index More Information Index A Dictionary of South African English on Historical education Principles, , multilingualism, Afrikaans, African educators, Afrikaans English, African roots, Australian English, contributions from outside South Africa, Bantu languages, decolonising, functional form, Cape Flats English, inherent fluidity, code-switching language repertoire, English and isiXhosa, linguistic citizenship, , borrowing, position in South Africa, conversational data, post-apartheid era, findings, conferences on language planning, occurrences of English prepositions, Department of Education, preposition before, Early Language Resource Unit, preposition by, English as lingua franca, preposition for, English as linking language, preposition from, Language Plan of Action for Africa, preposition towards, language policy, preposition under, Linguistic Human Rights, isiXhosa grammatical affixes, linguistic resources, language contact, local voice considerations, levels of language, National Language Project, , closed-class items, Pan-South African Language Board, isiXhosa, policy implementation, susceptibility to transfer, Project for the Study of Alternative social factors, Education in South Africa, speaker interaction, role of northern scholarship, time factor, theoretical debates, typological relatedness, phrasal correspondences, Inner Circle varieties, theoretical framework, International Corpus of English (ICE-SA), , Differential Access Hypothesis , (Myers-Scotton), embedded language, language contact matrix language, Afrikaans and English, Matrix Language Frame model (Myers- ‘zef’ culture, Scotton), Afrikaans as medium of instruction, © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42534-6 — English in Multilingual South Africa Edited by Raymond Hickey Index More Information Index language contact (cont.) linguistic landscape, Afrikaans Historical Corpus, signage, Afrikaans in the Western Cape, indexicality, Afrikaans prescriptivism, linguistic malleability, Afrikaans used by Coloured population, local forms of Afrikaans and English, present-day communities, attitudes to language mixing, District Six, code-mixing, – Chapel Street neighbourhood, code-switching, – data collection, intrasentential, role of education, contact-induced change, role of music, District Six, ballads, Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Societies, lyrical duels, status of English, First Afrikaans Language Movement, Wesbank Township, grammatical patterns, isiXhosa, assessment of change, languages of foreigners, complement clauses, youth behaviour, complement clauses English and Northern Sotho, statistics, additional language, demonstratives, bilingualism, changes in function over time, Central Processing Hypothesis, , endogenous development in Afrikaans, cognitive-linguistic skills, orthography, English influence, phonological awareness, functions in the Afrikaans Historical transfer, Corpus, vocabulary, English as model, cross-linguistic transfer, indefinite pronoun een ‘one’, educational issues, collocations with adjectives, literacy levels, diachronic attestations, educational policies, Dutch usage, Linguistic Interdependence Hypothesis, structural transfer, historical and present-day rates of change, Linguistic Threshold Hypothesis, – issues of terminology, primary school survey Kaapse Taalargief ‘Cape Language Archive’, conclusions, correlational analysis, language mixing by non-Coloureds, discussion, letters as data, findings, lexical influence, methodology, perceived threat from English, partcipants, Ponelis Corpus of Spoken Afrikaans, phonological awareness, Cape Town, statistics, attidues towards standard Afrikaans, vocabulary correlation, field work ( and ), vocabulary knowledge, historical context, vocabulary vs. phonology, apartheid era, second language, Khoekhoe, teaching policies, migrants from Eastern Cape, Africa and language planning Europe, econo-language planning, period of VOC control (-), African languages, position of Dutch, Afrikaans in Namibia, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie cultural identity, (VOC) [United East India Kiswahili, Company], multilingual reality, © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42534-6 — English in Multilingual South Africa Edited by Raymond Hickey Index More Information Index national considerations, Romance languages national language, colonial history, post- developments, National Development Plan, South Africa role of language, change in English, Tshwane Municipality, development of English, role of technology, language and society, digital divide, multilingualism, working language, present-day provinces, globalisation, reaserch on English, hegemony of English, South African Black English multi-dimensional needs, language contact, role of English, segmental properties, situation in South Africa, sentence intonation, socio-economic factors, assumed uniformity, language shift, bilingual speakers, analysis of census data, data collection, increase in English as home language, analysis, methodology, assessment, bilingualism, , auditory judgements, English–Afrikaans bilingualism, number of speakers, English-language skills, online method, first home language, existing models, English and Afrikaans, focus in modified noun phrases, future of Afrikaans, focus marking, home language instruction, focus prosody Iscamtho, analysis, Kaapse Afrikaans, general, L speakers of Afrikaans, information structure, Language-in-Education Policy, methodology, language maintenance, new and given information, language of learning and teaching, New Englishes, language terminology, range of contours, language use among coloureds, Northern Sotho, Afrikaans, perceived prominence rating, combinations, phoneme detection task, second language reporting, phonetic alignment, loss of minority languages, pitch accent, loss of multilingualism, production, movement to English, production experiment, National Language Policy Framework, prominence patterns, national trends, relationship to General South African post-apartheid South Africa, English, , School Governing Bodies, wider linguistic context, second home language, South African English and , regionality, – combinations, development in last two centuries, shift from Afrikaans, editorial practices, position in Coloured communities, acceptance and spread of norms, socio-economic mobility, assessment, threat to language diversity, corpus, Tsotsitaal, Black and White South African English academic writing, Outer Circle Englishes, frequency patterns, Oxford English Dictionary, micro-analysis © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-42534-6 — English in Multilingual South Africa Edited by Raymond Hickey Index More Information Index South African English (cont.) postcolonial Englishes, downtoners, Three Circles Model (Kachru), possibility modals, , wheel model (Görlach), results and discussion, wheel model (McArthur), statistical analysis, nativization, data survey, ownership of language, editing in post-colonial contexts, phonology editors’ treatment of norms, vowel, establishment of norms, regionality, –, , possible convergence, historical research, South Africa and World Englishes, Kugel English, general variety, reference variety, historical background, speaker awareness, pre-South African War situation, Reverse Short Front Vowel Shift, , , waves of immigration, historical development, , ‘Third Dialect’ in America, Afrikaans-speaking community, Californian Shift, Bantu Education, Canadian Shift, black middle-class, vowel, borrowing from Afrikaans, interpretation as chain shift, convergence, vowel, dating issues, low back merger, incipient regional differentiation, Northern Cities Shift, influence of Afrikaans, possible motivation, influence of standard English, realisation of , koinéisation, South African Chain Shift, L varieties, Southern Shift, language contact, vowel, pressure towards convergence, summary of changes, situation in the Rand, survey Social Identity Theory, acoustic analysis, timeline, FAVE suite, regionality, – data collection, major urban centres, sociolinguistic interviews, modelling statistical testing, centripetal and centrifugal forces (Bakhtin), vowel, semantics, Dynamic Model (Schneider), , , contact-induced change, , applicability to South African English, data and analysis, endonormative stabilisation, diachronic developments, , five phases, diffused innovation, indigenous strand (IDG), factors in change, Phase , Foundation, feature frequencies, Phase , Exonormative Stabilisation, infleunce of Afrikaans, , Phase , Nativisation, meaning extensions, Phase , Endonormative Stabilisation, adverbs, Phase ,Differentiation, exclamations/interjections, postcolonial Englishes, nouns, reappraisal, verbs, settler strand (STL), role of bilingualism, native, second and foreign language, time lag in borrowing, New-Dialect Formation (Trudgill), , survey of regional features, accommodation, cluster assibilation, criticism, consonants, identity,
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