DOCSLIB.ORG

Eighteenth-Century Food Inthe Sydney Settlement

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Eighteenth-Century Food Inthe Sydney Settlement FOODWAYS UNFETTERED EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY FOOD IN THE SYDNEY SETTLEMENT Jacqueline Anne Newling Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the coursework requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Gastronomy School of History and Politics, University of Adelaide October 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………………………………i TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………………………………ii ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………………………iv DECLARATION…………………………………………………………………………………………. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………………………………………… vi CHAPTER ONE: HISTORY ON THE MENU – Introduction and Methodology…………………...3 1.1 INVISIBLE BAGGAGE – B.Y.O……………………………………………………………………8 1.2 AN APPETITE FOR HUNGER? OR AN ADEQUATE SUFFICIENY? LEGEND AND INTERPRETATION - Literature Review……………………………………….10 1.3 PROOF IN THE PUDDING? OR COOKING THE BOOKS? – Evaluation of primary sources……………………………………………………………..15 FETTERED FOOD……………………………………………………………………………………..19 CHAPTER TWO: SET MENU………………………………………………………………………. 20 2.1 MANAGED FOOD – RATIONS & RATIONING…………………………………………………20 2.2 CONTROLLED FOOD – RATIONING & SOCIAL CONTROL ………………………………..25 CHAPTER THREE: SPECIALTIES OF THE HOUSE………………………………………………29 3.1 WILD FOOD – INDIGENOUS FOODS………………………………………………………… 29 3.2 NATIVE FOOD – EXISTING FOODWAYS………………………………………………………35 3.3 CULTIVATED FOOD – INTRODUCED FOODS………………………………………………..39 ii CHAPTER FOUR: SIGNATURE DISHES……………………………………………………………47 4:1 FAMINE, A FAVOURED FLAVOUR?…………………………………………………………….47 4:2 FAMILIAR FOODS, FAVOURED FARE…………………………………………………………53 UNFETTERED FOOD………………………………………………………………………………….62 CHAPTER FIVE: MENU ‘A LA CARTE’…………………………………………………………….. 63 5.1 AQUIRING THE TASTES OF FREEDOM……………………………………………………… 63 5.2 CAPITALISM, A CONSUMING PASSION……………………………………………………… 67 CHAPTER SIX: THE PROOF… IS IN THE EATING – Conclusion……………………………… 72 APPENDICES…………………………………………………………………………………………. 75 7.1 1788 Map of Sydney Cove ………………………………………………………………………. 75 7.2 Colonial Seal 1790 ……………………………………………………………………………... 76 7.3 John Easty’s Rations Log January 1788 – December 1792 ………………………………… 77 7.4 Livestock inventory 1788…………………………………………………………………………. 81 7.5 Livestock inventory 1796…………………………………………………………………………. 82 7.6 Market list 1792……………………………………………………………………………………. 83 7.7 Market list 1793……………………………………………………………………………………. 85 7.8 Market list 1796……………………………………………………………………………………. 88 7.9 Wages 1796 …………………………………………………………………………………….. ...89 7.10 HMS Guardian Food Provisions Inventory …………………………………………………….90 7.11 HMS Guardian Extra Provisions Inventory……………………………………………………..92 7.12 Account of Births and Deaths November 1791 – September 1796………………………… 93 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………………...94-104 iii ABSTRACT The received perception of food in eighteenth-century Sydney is that colonists survived on meagre and monotonous rations. Having failed to engage with the local environment, or to learn from Aboriginal people and utilise indigenous resources, the salt rations dependent newcomers found themselves victims of hunger and starvation. This view is largely due to the predominant historical interpretation of British penal colonisation in Australia, where New South Wales was settled in an atmosphere of ignorance and governmental neglect. This received view is overly narrow and simplistic. The colony developed from penal settlement to a vibrant commercial centre by the turn of the century. Food was a vital factor in this process. Rations, which were controlled by the authorities, underpinned the colonists’ diet, however other foods, both introduced and indigenous, were used to supplement it. Primary sources reveal much about the foodways of the eighteenth-century settlers, and the factors that affected availability and distribution. Where most studies on food in early settlement focus on convicts and rations, this thesis takes a more comprehensive approach, which encompasses rationing and the broader, more liberated aspects of colonists’ dietary patterns. It explores contributing factors such as established English cultural practices, governance, socio-political forces and the natural environment, which influenced colonists’ consumption. This study provides a fresh interpretation of eighteenth-century food in Sydney, establishing that whilst having to work within a corporate victualling system, the early colonists were not passive victims of a food supply controlled entirely from above, but played an active role in food procurement and consumption, exercising individual and collective rights and preferences. The evolution of their foodways reflects the transformation from penal colony to a prospering colonial society, as the first settlers made new lives in New South Wales. iv DECLARATION This work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited in the University Library, being available for loan and photocopying. SIGNED: Jacqueline Anne Newling DATE: December 31, 2007. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge Dr Nancy Cushing for her significant contribution to this project as supervisor, and for her commitment to the thesis topic, and support and guidance throughout the research and documentation process. The University of Adelaide Library has made a significant contribution to facilitating research through their electronic access provision and Remote Lending Service. In particular I would like to thank Margaret Hosking and Margaret Galbraith from University of Adelaide Library for their continued support and assistance. The staff at the Mitchell Library and State Library of New South Wales should also be acknowledged for their willing assistance in finding reference sources and materials. I would also like to acknowledge Le Cordon Bleu and the Food Media Club Australia for their support in the form of an educational scholarship, which contributed towards the financial cost of the final component of the Master of Arts in Gastronomy, 2007. My thanks extend to Dr Barbara Santich and Dr Rachel Ankeny from the University of Adelaide Graduate Program in Gastronomy, for their assistance and ongoing support throughout this research dissertation. My family must be acknowledged for their patience and for the sacrifices they have made to allow me the time and effort this thesis has required. vi FOODWAYS UNFETTERED 2 CHAPTER ONE HISTORY ON THE MENU This thesis examines the foodways of the eighteenth-century European settlement in the Sydney region of New South Wales. It constructs a clearer picture than has yet been established of food availability, distribution and consumption in the colony, by considering the foodways, social practices and expectations that were imported from England with the colonists, and how they were shaped by governance, social forces and the natural environment, all which contributed significantly to this picture. This examination extends beyond convicts and rations, taking a more comprehensive approach to food across the wider community. This thesis challenges the received view that the first settlers endured and existed on starvation rations by clinging to English foodways in ignorance of indigenous resources. 1 New South Wales was established as a penal colony, however the broader objective was strategic colonial settlement and agricultural development in the region. 2 Food was a prime consideration and concern for the viability of the settlements, and had significant bearing on colonial labour systems and social organisation. 3 A well-established victualling system based on preserved, transportable staples, was adopted to support the settlements in New South Wales. Free settlers only started to arrive to from 1793, and took time to establish themselves, so all efforts towards the establishment and development of the colony, including food procurement, 1 Jones , S. Colonial Food and Drink. : Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales. , 1985 p2; Davey L, Macpherson M, Clements FW. "The Hungry Years: 1788-1792." Historical Studies 3, no. 11 (1947) (1947): 187-208, p206 2 HRNSW. Historical Records of New South Wales . Edited by Government Printer Charles Potter. Vol. 1, Part 2 - Phillip. 1783- 1792, Phillip : facsimile published by Landsdown Slattery and Co. NSW, 1892. Reprint, 1978. p87. Phillip’s Instructions April 25, 1787; Collins, David. "An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales Volume 1 with Remarks on the Dispositions, Customs, Manners &C. Of the Native Inhabitants of That Country. To Which Are Added, Some Particulars of New Zealand: Complied by Permission, from the Mss. Of Lieutenant-Governor King [Online]." Place Published: Prepared from the print edition published by T. Cadell Jun. and W. Davies 1798, 1798. http://purl.library.usyd.edu.au/setis/id/colacc1 (accessed May - August 2007). p13, February 1788 3 Wilk, Richard. "The Extractive Economy: An Early Phase of the Globalization of Diet and Its Environmental Consequences." Review - Fernand Braudel Center for the Study of Economies, Historical Systems, and Civilisations 27, no. 4 (2004): 285 - 306. p289,290 3 production and distribution, were overseen by civil servants and military personnel using convict labour. The attitudes and actions of the Administration and founding governors regarding food management, access and distribution, had a direct impact on the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Parramatta's Archaeological Landscape
    Parramatta’s archaeological landscape Mary Casey Settlement at Parramatta, the third British settlement in Australia after Sydney Cove and Norfolk Island, began with the remaking of the landscape from an Aboriginal place, to a military redoubt and agricultural settlement, and then a township. There has been limited analysis of the development of Parramatta’s landscape from an archaeological perspective and while there have been numerous excavations there has been little exploration of these sites within the context of this evolving landscape. This analysis is important as the beginnings and changes to Parramatta are complex. The layering of the archaeology presents a confusion of possible interpretations which need a firmer historical and landscape framework through which to interpret the findings of individual archaeological sites. It involves a review of the whole range of maps, plans and images, some previously unpublished and unanalysed, within the context of the remaking of Parramatta and its archaeological landscape. The maps and images are explored through the lense of government administration and its intentions and the need to grow crops successfully to sustain the purposes of British Imperialism in the Colony of New South Wales, with its associated needs for successful agriculture, convict accommodation and the eventual development of a free settlement occupied by emancipated convicts and settlers. Parramatta’s river terraces were covered by woodlands dominated by eucalypts, in particular grey box (Eucalyptus moluccana) and forest
    [Show full text]
  • History of New South Wales from the Records
    This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying. We also ask that you: + Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for personal, non-commercial purposes. + Refrain from automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google's system: If you are conducting research on machine translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us.
    [Show full text]
  • Life on Board
    Supported by the Sydney Mechanics’ School of the Arts Life on Board Australian Curriculum: Stage 5 – The Making of the Modern World – Depth Study 1 (Making a Better World) – Movement of Peoples (1750-1901) Australian Curriculum - Content ACOKFH015: The nature and extent of the movement of peoples in the period (slaves, convicts and settlers) ACDSEH083: The experience of slaves, convicts and free settlers upon departure, their journey abroad, and their reactions on arrival, including the Australian experience Australian Curriculum – Historical Skills ACHHS165: Use historical terms and concepts ACHHS170: Process and synthesise information from a range of sources for use as evidence in an historical argument NSW Syllabus: Stage 5 – The Making of the Modern World – Depth Study 1 (Making a Better World) – Topic 1b: Movement of Peoples (1750-1901) NSW Syllabus - Outcomes HT5-6: Uses relevant evidence from sources to support historical narratives, explanations and analyses of the modern world and Australia 1 Supported by the Sydney Mechanics’ School of the Arts HT5-9: Applies a range of relevant historical terms and concepts when communicating an understanding of the past Assumed Knowledge ACDSEH018: The influence of the Industrial Revolution on the movement of peoples throughout the world, including the transatlantic slave trade and convict transportation Key Inquiry Questions What was the experience of convicts during their journey to Australia? 2 Supported by the Sydney Mechanics’ School of the Arts Time: Activity overview: Resources 40 -45 mins Students are given the ‘Life on Board’ worksheet and Dictionary of Sydney articles: a copy of the article on the ship the Charlotte. As a class, teacher and students work through the article First Fleet picking out the information that indicates the nature of life on board a First Fleet ship.
    [Show full text]
  • ROLLINGS, John Aboard Second Fleet Neptune 1790
    JOHN ROLLINGS - SECOND FLEET - One of 502 Convicts Transported on “Neptune” 1790 Sentenced to 7 years at Launceston Assizes Transported to New South Wales NAME: JOHN ROLLINGS TRANSPORTED AS: JOHN ROWLING ALSO KNOWN AS: John Rawling, John Rowling AGE: TRIED: 24 March 1787, Launceston Assizes SENTENCE: Death Sentence recorded; Reprieved; Transportation for 7 Years CRIME: Stealing a Bay Mare GAOL REPORT: SHIP: Neptune (transferred from “Surprize”) - Departed Portsmouth 19 January 1790, arrived Botany Bay 26 June 1790, a voyage of 160 days. On board were 502 convicts - 424 male convicts (147 of whom died), and 78 female convicts (11 of whom died); in addition, 12 survivors of the “Guardian” joined the vessel in February 1790. Master Donald Trail, Surgeon William Gray CONVICT VESSEL “NEPTUNE” – The “Neptune” was one of three vessels (Neptune/Surprise/Scarborough) that made up the Second Fleet to New South Wales. She embarked her convicts in December 1789 and sailed from England on 19 January 1790. Charles Bateson (“The Convict Ships 1787-1768”) claims that the “Neptune” carried 436 male convicts and 78 female convicts (a total of 514 convicts). She relanded three convicts before leaving England. One hundred and fifty eight convicts died aboard the “Neptune” during the voyage to Port Jackson – 147 men, and 11 women. The three ships of the Second Fleet arrived at the Cape of Good Hope, in company, on 13 April 1790, following a passage of just 84 days from Portsmouth. The “Neptune” embarked an additional twelve convicts at the Cape of Good Hope – survivors of the “Guardian” shipwreck. On 28 June 1790 the “Neptune” made landfall at Port Jackson, 158 days after leaving England.
    [Show full text]
  • Golden Yearbook
    Golden Yearbook Golden Yearbook Stories from graduates of the 1930s to the 1960s Foreword from the Vice-Chancellor and Principal ���������������������������������������������������������5 Message from the Chancellor ��������������������������������7 — Timeline of significant events at the University of Sydney �������������������������������������8 — The 1930s The Great Depression ������������������������������������������ 13 Graduates of the 1930s ���������������������������������������� 14 — The 1940s Australia at war ��������������������������������������������������� 21 Graduates of the 1940s ����������������������������������������22 — The 1950s Populate or perish ���������������������������������������������� 47 Graduates of the 1950s ����������������������������������������48 — The 1960s Activism and protest ������������������������������������������155 Graduates of the 1960s ���������������������������������������156 — What will tomorrow bring? ��������������������������������� 247 The University of Sydney today ���������������������������248 — Index ����������������������������������������������������������������250 Glossary ����������������������������������������������������������� 252 Produced by Marketing and Communications, the University of Sydney, December 2016. Disclaimer: The content of this publication includes edited versions of original contributions by University of Sydney alumni and relevant associated content produced by the University. The views and opinions expressed are those of the alumni contributors and do
    [Show full text]
  • 13.0 Remaking the Landscape
    12 Chapter 13: Remaking the Landscape 13.0 Remaking the landscape 13.1 Research Question The Conservatorium site is located within one of the most significant historic and symbolic landscapes created by European settlers in Australia. The area is located between the sites of the original and replacement Government Houses, on a prominent ridge. While the utility of this ridge was first exploited by a group of windmills, utilitarian purposes soon became secondary to the Macquaries’ grandiose vision for Sydney and the Governor’s Domain in particular. The later creations of the Botanic Gardens, The Garden Palace and the Conservatorium itself, re-used, re-interpreted and created new vistas, paths and planting to reflect the growing urban and economic importance of Sydney within the context of the British empire. Modifications to this site, its topography and vegetation, can therefore be interpreted within the theme of landscape as an expression of the ideology of colonialism. It is considered that this site is uniquely placed to address this research theme which would act as a meaningful interpretive framework for archaeological evidence relating to environmental and landscape features.1 In response to this research question evidence will be presented on how the Government Domain was transformed by the various occupants of First Government House, and the later Government House, during the first years of the colony. The intention behind the gathering and analysis of this evidence is to place the Stables building and the archaeological evidence from all phases of the landscape within a conceptual framework so that we can begin to unravel the meaning behind these major alterations.
    [Show full text]
  • An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales [Volume 1]
    An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales [Volume 1] With Remarks on the Dispositions, Customs, Manners &c. of the Native Inhabitants of that Country. To Which are Added, Some Particulars of New Zealand: Complied by Permission, From the Mss. of Lieutenant-Governor King Collins, David (1756-1810) A digital text sponsored by University of Sydney Library Sydney 2003 colacc1 http://purl.library.usyd.edu.au/setis/id/colacc1 © University of Sydney Library. The texts and images are not to be used for commercial purposes without permission Prepared from the print edition published by T. Cadell Jun. and W. Davies 1798 All quotation marks are retained as data. First Published: 1798 F263 Australian Etext Collections at Early Settlement prose nonfiction pre-1810 An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales [Volume 1] With Remarks on the Dispositions, Customs, Manners &c. of the Native Inhabitants of that Country. To Which are Added, Some Particulars of New Zealand: Complied by Permission, From the Mss. of Lieutenant-Governor King Contents. Introduction. SECT. PAGE I. TRANSPORTS hired to carry Convicts to Botany Bay. — The Sirius and the Supply i commissioned. — Preparations for sailing. — Tonnage of the Transports. — Numbers embarked. — Fleet sails. — Regulations on board the Transports. — Persons left behind. — Two Convicts punished on board the Sirius. — The Hyæna leaves the Fleet. — Arrival of the Fleet at Teneriffe. — Proceedings at that Island. — Some Particulars respecting the Town of Santa Cruz. — An Excursion made to Laguna. — A Convict escapes from one of the Transports, but is retaken. — Proceedings. — The Fleet leaves Teneriffe, and puts to Sea.
    [Show full text]
  • Port Jackson Transcripts
    Port Jackson – Journal and letter Transcripts A Journal of a voyage from Portsmouth to New South Wales and China in the Lady Penrhyn, Merchantman William Cropton Server, Commander by Arthur Bowes Smyth, Surgeon, Jan-Feb, 1788 Manuscript Safe 1/15 Arthur Bowes Smyth (1750-1790), known as Bowes while in the colony, sailed with the First Fleet as Surgeon on board the Lady Penrhyn. He was responsible for the women convicts. Bowes Smyth took a great interest in natural history, collecting specimens and making drawings including the earliest extant illustration by a European of the emu. It is probably not the first sketch of an emu, as has sometimes been claimed; this may have been drawn by Lieutenant John Watts, also of the Lady Penrhyn, reproduced in Arthur Phillip's published account of the First Fleet and now lost. He returned to England on the Lady Penrhyn travelling via Lord Howe Island, Tahiti, China and St Helena. On Lord Howe Island he described or drew six of the islands birds. Three, including, the white gallinule, are now extinct, and a fourth is rare. Bowes Smyth arrived in England in August 1789. He died some months after his return and was buried on 31 March 1790 in Tolleshunt D'Arcy, Essex, where he had been born Jany. 23d. This day the Governor return'd from exploring the Coast & determin'd to go to Port Jackson, abt. 5 miles distant from Botany Bay by land, but 10 or 12 by Sea. This is Certainly in the Opinion of everyone one of the finest Harbours in the World, not excepting that of Trincamale in the East Indies, & was the adjacent Country fertile instead of being so barren as it is, it wd.
    [Show full text]
  • March 2016 1
    March 2016 Journal Issue Article/Comment AFTC February, 2016 . Muller Bach Hertzog Photo Album . A new Tapestry: The stories of Huguenot Families in Australia . Long Lost Relatives Peninsula Past Times – Mornington # 141, February 2016 . Murder in Cannanook (sic) Creek Peninsula FHS Inc. Locked in the Morgue . Migrant Settlement Act 1922 Ancestor – Genealogical Society of Vol 33, # 1, March 2016 . Finding Paddy Mullane – how one researcher is conducting her research Victoria (GSV) . Almost Without A Trace- Shinnick Siblings in Early Victoria . Exploring the new Births Deaths Marriages Victoria Historical Indexes – a few hints . Writing about your Ancestors’ Houses . Parkhurst Exiles – boys from the Parkhurst prison on Isle of Wight sent to Australia . Easter Rolls – From “Doncaster Ancestor” Paschal/Easter Rolls maintained by Anglican Church pre 1836 – tithes . PRO Victoria – personal Victorian histories in newly opened archives . Judging for the people – establishment of a judiciary in Port Phillip The Chronicle - Convict Connections February, 2016 . Surgeon Arthur Bowes Smyth with the 1788 Landing – digital journal can be GSQ Inc read online from State Library of NSW . Interesting articles on the First Fleet ships . Mortimer William Lewis, Colonial Architect . Coldbath Fields Prison, Clerkenwell . A visit to an Irish workhouse - http://irishworkhousecentre.ie/ . An E-Book to consider – Early Australian History, Convict Life in New South Wales and Van Diemen’s Land http://gutenberg.net.au/licence.html Endeavour – Cessnock Dist. Hist & FH Vol 46 # 1, Jan 2016 . My Strongest Memories – Joel Fitzgibbon (Local member) Soc Inc. Early Hunter Vineyards Murrumbidgee Ancestor – Wagga # 117, February 2016 . A Bag of Coins: Family history in a Money Bag Links ‘N’ Chains - Liverpool Genealogy # 112, February 2016 .
    [Show full text]
  • New Evidence on Arthur Phillip's First Landing Place 26 January 1788
    New evidence on Arthur Phillip’s first landing place 26 January 1788 Michael Flynn and Gary Sturgess The location of Governor Arthur Phillip’s first landing and the flag-raising ceremony in Sydney Cove on 26 January 1788 has been an issue of dispute and uncertainty among historians since the 19th century. The cove was divided into an east and west side by the Tank Stream and it was clear that the ceremony was held very close to the landing place, as described by Judge-Advocate David Collins. None of the generally known eyewitness accounts mentioned on which side of the cove the landing took place. History is full of blind spots where chroniclers failed to record something that seemed obvious or commonplace at the time, or because there was so much else going on. Since 2011 we have been working on a close analysis of sources, which allow the spot to be pinpointed with much greater accuracy. Early maps and paintings of Sydney Cove and manuscript journals collected by various institutions over time are now readily accessible through online digitisation. New evidence has emerged, the most significant item being an obscure letter from a First Fleet sailor John Campbell identifying the site as lying on the west side of the cove, the only surviving primary evidence from a First Fleeter. This is supported by the 1847 obituary of First Fleet convict John Limeburner and an entry in the 1806 NSW Pocket Almanack, published when Philip Gidley King (an eyewitness) was Governor. All three sources accord with the persistent 19th century oral tradition of a landing at a spot near the bottom of Bethel Steps, The Rocks (behind the south end of the present Overseas Passenger Terminal),i and a flag raising ceremony held on or very close to George Street, between Cadman’s Cottage and the former Mariners’ Churchii at the corner of Hickson Road.iii In 1789 John Campbell, a seaman on the Lady Penrhyn transport, sent a letter specifically indicating the west side location.
    [Show full text]
  • Old Government House and Domain, Parramatta Park Management Plan
    OLD GOVERNMENT HOUSE AND DOMAIN, PARRAMATTA PARK MANAGEMENT PLAN 2008 A New South Wales Contributory Site: Australian Convict Sites World Heritage Nomination Cover illustration: Montage of Old Government House, Governor Brisbane’s Bath house, and the Flat Rocks in Parramatta River: Photographer: David Wallace/Parramatta Park Trust The cover of this management plan is badged with a representation of the Great Seal of NSW used between 1790 and 1832. The seal shows on its obverse (front) a design that alludes to the intended redemptive qualities of the convict settlement, and was described in the Royal Warrant granting the seal as follows: Convicts landed at Botany Bay; their fetters taken off and received by Industry, sitting on a bale of goods with her attributes, the distaff [a spindle for spinning wool or flax], bee-hive, pick axe, and spade, pointing to an oxen ploughing, the rising habitations, and a church on a hill at a distance, with a fort for their defence. Motto: Sic fortis etruria crevit [So, I think, this is how brave Etruria grew]; with this inscription round the circumference, Sigillum Nov. Camb. Aust. [Seal of New South Wales] Image source: State Library of NSW, Digital image a1328002 Crown Copyright 2008 Disclaimer Whilst every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that this document is correct at the time of printing, the State of New South Wales, its agents and employees disclaim any and all liability to any persons in respect of anything or the consequences of anything done or omitted to be done in reliance upon the whole or any part of this document.
    [Show full text]
  • 5Th PRESIDENT BERYL LEWIS HONOURED in MEMORIAM
    1788 AD Magazine of the Fellowship of First Fleeters ACN 003 223 425 PATRON: Professor The Honourable Dame Marie Bashir AD CVO Volume 48, Issue 5 49th Year of Publication October-November 2017 To live on in the hearts and minds of descendants is never to die 5th PRESIDENT BERYL LEWIS HONOURED IN MEMORIAM The Southern Highland Chapter’s June Meeting was I will never forget – just 12 guests in right royal company – very special indeed. Mr Howard Lewis humbly engifted a magnificent dinner, served by attendants in formal cos- the Chapter with a beautiful eternal memorial to his tume in honour of the occasion.” much beloved wife, our Past Patron, Mrs Beryl Lewis. Beryl and Howard attended the Inaugural Meeting of Howard lovingly related Beryl’s fervent involvement our Chapter in November 2004.Beryl was the proud Pa- with the Fellowship over 44 years. Beryl became Vice tron of the Southern Highlands Chapter from June 2007 President at the 1973 AGM. She was elected President until her passing in July 2013. at the 1975 AGM having acted in that capacity for a few The memorial was a very treasured possession of weeks after the death of Beryl’s. The framed minia- Edgar Kable. Beryl re- tures of the Ships of the First signed her Presidency at Fleet were in her study close the Executive Committee to her desk where she could meeting in June 1983. see it as she worked (along A highlight of Beryl’s with portraits of her heroes Presidency was represent- Captain Cook & Governor ing the Fellowship in May Phillip).
    [Show full text]