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History of New South Wales from the Records

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History of New South Wales from the Records This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world's books discoverable online. It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you. Usage guidelines Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. 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About Google Book Search Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web at http : //books . google . com/ HISTORY OF NEW SOUTH WALES VOL. II PHILLIP AND GROSE 1789-1794 VOL. IL—a GOVERNOR HUNTER. Reproduced by Heliotype from an original oil painting in the possession of Governor Hunter's descendants at Leith, Scotland. HISTORY OF NEW SOUTH WALES FROM THE RECORDS by Vol. II.—PHILLIP AND GROSE 1789-1794 BY ALEXANDER BRITTON RDITBD BY F. M. BLADEN BABUSna-lT-LAW jj^fllfl^ ttft Sttttarity SYDNEY: CHARLES POTTER, GOVERNMENT PRINTER 1894 [Registered under the Copyright Aet, 1879] &.l. rr 3785Q.4 I • • • *• ^ NO TE. UPON the death of the Author—Mr. Alexander Britton—his manuscripts and rough proofs were placed in the Editor's hands to prepare them for the press. The publication of Vol. II of the HISTOBICAL RECORDS OF NEW SOUTH WALES, containing the State Papers on which, for the most part, the present volume is founded, absorbed a large portion of the time which has elapsed since the Author's death. The work has not, however, suffered from the delay. It has been the Editor's aim to carefully keep in view the known intentions of the Author, and to present the volume to the public as nearly as possible in the form it would have taken had Mr. Britton lived to supervise its publication. The Editor desires to acknowledge the obligations he is under to the members of the History Board—Messrs. R. C. Walker, Chairman; Alexander Oliver, M.A., President of the Land Appeal Court, and formerly Parliamentary Draftsman; and Professor 6. Arnold Wood, M.A., Challis Professor of History in the Sydney University. F. M. B. Sydney, December, 1894. CONTENTS. Page Phillip and Boss ... 1 The Famine of 1789-90 16 The Wreck of the Guardian 38 The Second Fleet 52 Despatches from England ... 71 The New South Wales Corps 89 The disposal of Crown Lands under Phillip 112 Progress of the Settlement after the arrival of the Second Fleet 136 Settlers on the Soil 155 The Third Fleet 172 Emancipation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 189 The Natives 197 Phillip and Dawes 203 State of the Settlement in 1792 .., 209 Phillip resigns 229 Lieutenant-Governor Grose—a change of Government... ... 236 Food Supplies under Grose ... 244 Grose and the Land ... ... ... 252 The Progress of Agriculture 265 The Traffic in Spirits 270 Religious Instruction under Grose ... ... 276 V1U CONTENTS. Page Changes effected by Grose 288 Grose's treatment of King 293 APPENDICES :— A. Services of Brevet-Major Robert Ross ... 321 B. Disaster to H.M.S. Guardian 322 C. Ground in Cultivation, 16th October, 1792 333 D. Enabling Act—Remission of Sentences 334 E. Form of Absolute Pardon 336 P. Form of Conditional Pardon 338 G. Form of Ticket-of-Leave 340 ILL USTRA TIONS. Governor Hunter ... Frontispiece Lord Grenville to face page 71 Facsimile of Grose's Handwriting » 93 Autographs of Officers of New South Wales Corps » 95 Captain Macarthur »> 98 Tombstone of the First Settler »» 157 Facsimile of Deed of First Land Grant ... » 158 Flan of Land Grants near Parramatta ... »> 162 Charts of Jervis Bay >> 172 "Viscount Melville (Henry Dundas) >> 209 Maj or Johnston >> 230 Judge-Advocate Collins >> 265 Rev. Richard Johnson »> 276 Rev. Samuel Marsden )> 282 Governor King >» 293 The Duke of Portland ft 315 VOL. II.—b HISTORY OF NEW SOUTH WALES. PHILLIP AND ROSS. PROK August, 1789, to February, 1790, the Records are silent 178* concerning the relations which existed between Governor Phillip and Major Ross. This very silence may, however, be an indication that the terms upon which they were well known to stand with each other had not improved. It is evident from the correspondence of August, 1789,* that the Governor and Lieutenant-Governor had each taken steps to represent his case to the authorities in England. Phillip, Phillip's in the meantime, displayed the greatest forbearance and self-control. He was, apparently, content to let matters rest; and if he did not forget the disagreeable subject, he kept it out of view as much as possible. Ross, on the other Ro^a. hand, seems to have nursed his wrath to keep it warm. At length the resentment that had been smouldering for six months showed itself openly in February, 1790, when Phillip was given to understand—the intimation seems to have come from Ross—that he had not paid proper attention to certain complaints which the Lieutenant-Governor had compiainte * against made regarding the conduct of the Judge-Advocate, Captain coiiins. Collins. The matter is dealt with at some length in Phillip's letter to Nepean, 12th February, 1790.f Tie complaints made by Ross were trivial in the extreme; and—such as they were—had been explained, at the timej • Historical Becords, vol. i, part 2, pp. 262-265. f Ib-> P- 301. VOL. IL—A 2 PHILLIP AND ROSS. 1789 in a manner that would have satisfied anyone whose judg­ ment was not warped by jealousy and pride. The cir­ cumstances out of which they arose were as follows :— Phillip, on the morning of Saturday, 22nd August, 1789, directed Captain Collins, who acted as his secretary as well as Judge-Advocate, to communicate certain instructions to an officer who was superintending some works at Sydney Cove. Collins forgot all about the order until the following Monday, when he carried it into effect. In the interval, Phillip had gone to Rose Hill, and Ross was in charge at Sydney, by virtue of his Commission as Lieutenant-Governor, ^breach According to official etiquette, instructions intended to be etiquette, executed during the Governor's absence should have been given through the Lieutenant-Governor; and because this rule was not observed, Ross made a formal complaint to the Governor, declaring that an insult had been offered to him, "in my character of Lieutenant-Governor." The matter was fully explained by both Phillip and Collins; and the incident, which was not worth a moment's attention, might well have been allowed to drop. Ross having revived it, Phillip was induced to give an explanation to Nepean, and at the same time to take notice of other points which he had passed over in his correspondence with Ross. In his letters to the MajcJr he kept as nearly as possible to the subject in hand, refraining from allusions of a personal nature. Ross, on the contrary, was nothing if not personal. He prefaced his complaint about the Judge-Advocate with an ill-con­ cealed sneer:— status of the "It would be presumption in the extreme in me to suppose Governor, your Excellency not to know that when either duty, business, or pleasure may at any time induce your Excellency to absent your­ self from this Cove, there cannot then remain in it any authority superior to that of the Lieutenant-Governor."* inrinuition.
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