Research Suggestions on Convicts and Irish Immigrants to Australia
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History of New South Wales from the Records
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Brisbane's Convict Stories
City’s harsh past revealed in Life in Irons: Brisbane’s Convict Stories Moreton Bay penal colony was established by the British Government to “… reinstate transportation as an object of real terror to all classes of society”. It succeeded. Museum of Brisbane’s upcoming exhibition, Life in Irons: Brisbane’s Convict Stories, 18 May – 28 October 2018, provides a vivid insight into daily existence in the settlement from 1824 – 1839 using original documents, new research and personal accounts brought to life with immersive technologies that literally gives a voice and face to the past. Chairman Sallyanne Atkinson AO said Museum of Brisbane is the city’s storyteller and revealing our convict history deepens understanding of our modern city. “From place names to a lingering sense of isolation, Brisbane’s convict history shapes our city’s contemporary culture,” Mrs Atkinson said. “Life in Irons is particularly exciting as, due to our partnership with Queensland State Archives, it features precious, rarely-seen, original documents from the settlement that are part of the UNESCO Australian Memory of the World Register.” Director Renai Grace said Life in Irons conveys the brutality and isolation of life for the 3,000 men and women imprisoned here from Moreton Bay’s founding in 1824 to the penal colony’s closure in 1839 by complementing the official documents and historical objects with artwork commissions and performance. “We have commissioned international sound artist, Brisbane-based Lawrence English, to create a new soundscape that will resonate throughout the exhibition space conjuring up the heat, isolation, danger and loneliness of the settlement,” Ms Grace said. -
The Legend of Moondyne Joe These Notes to Accompany the Legend of Moondyne Joe Provide Suggestions for Classroom Activities Base
The Legend of Moondyne Joe These notes to accompany The Legend of Moondyne Joe provide suggestions for classroom activities based on or linked to the book's text and illustrations and highlight points for discussion. Synopsis Not known for gunfights or robbing banks, it was the convict bushranger Moondyne Joe’s amazing ability to escape every time he was placed behind bars that won him fame and the affection of the early settlers. Wearing a kangaroo-skin cape and possum-skin slippers, he found freedom in the wooded valleys and winding creeks at Moondyne Hills. Joe was harmless, except possibly to a few settlers whose horses had a ‘mysterious’ way of straying. When blamed for the disappearance of a farmer’s prize stallion the colonial authorities were soon to find out that there wasn’t a jail that could hold Joe! On Writing “The Legend of Moondyne Joe” By Mark Greenwood I wanted to create a fun story, accurate in detail, about a strength of spirit that was nurtured by life in the new colony. A book that would bring to life a legend from our colourful history. I believe by having an appreciation of their own history, children better understand themselves, their community and their culture. The Legend of Moondyne Joe aims to encourage interest in our convict history to a wide audience of middle to upper primary and lower secondary age children. The picture book format allows illustrations to bring characters and settings to life. Illustrations help readers to develop a feel for bygone eras that words alone cannot portray. -
Transportation for Life the Story of John Woolliscroft 1799-1869
Transportation for life The story of John Woolliscroft 1799-1869 John Woolliscroft was the son of Joseph Woolliscroft and Elizabeth Mills and christened at Cheadle, Staffordshire on the 23 Feb 1799. His father died in 1817. At the time he was farming at Peakstones, Alton, Staffordshire, a tenant of James Beech of Kingsley. Peakstones was located on the road (present day B5032) from Alton to Cheadle. Joseph left his estate to his wife including the tenancy of Peakstones. In 1819 John's mother Elizabeth remarried to publican and widower Thomas Swetnam at Alton in Staffordshire.1, 2 John married Sarah Wright in 1818 at Swynnerton, Staffordshire. The marriage was witnessed by George and Rosehannah Mills. The marriage appears to have been troubled and in 1827 John was in a relationship with someone else. On the 2 August 1827 John Woolliscroft appeared with John Malbon (Malabone) at Stafford Assizes on two counts. Firstly for assaulting Solomon Smith on the Highway, robbing him of 7s 6d on the 15 June 1827 in Denstone Lane on his way back from Ashbourne. The newspaper report of the trial states that “the prisoners were men of truly ferocious character and appearance and formed part of a desperate gang with which the neighbourhood had been infested”. John Malbon had given a false statement after him arrest placing the blame on John Woolliscroft and his brother Thomas. In his defence John Woolliscroft brought forward a woman with whom he was living in a “habitual state of criminal intercourse”. The newspaper report of the trial states that the lady in question was aware John was a married man. -
Man Robbery—A Gender Signifier in Convict Australia 1827–1836
societies Article Man Robbery—A Gender Signifier in Convict Australia 1827–1836 Carol Liston 1,* and Kathrine M. Reynolds 2 1 Humanities and Communication Arts, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia 2 Arts and Social Sciences, Department of History, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 19 May 2020; Accepted: 24 June 2020; Published: 30 June 2020 Abstract: This paper investigates the use of the anomalous term ‘man robbery’ in historical records relating to convict women in New South Wales. We question its accuracy as a criminal offence and conclude that its use in the 1830s was an administrative code that summarized an assessment not only of the women’s criminality but also of their morality. Its use in the historical records has been accepted uncritically by modern historians. The anomaly was identified through a large-scale study of these records. Often used to trace the histories of individual women for genealogical research, recurring patterns in the records are more noticeable when considering the crimes of some 5000 women transported to New South Wales, especially when their court records held in Britain are compared with those held in Australia. Evidence has emerged that the criminality of the women has been reduced by this gendered criminal offence. Inconsistency in the application of the term ‘man robbery’ led us to question it accuracy. Violence and participation in gangs were airbrushed from the records by the use of a term that implied that the women’s crimes related to their sexuality rather than their skills as criminals. -
31 July 2020 Fremantle Prison Celebrates 10 Years As Perth's Only World Heritage Listed Site. Fremantle Prison Will This Week
31 July 2020 Fremantle Prison celebrates 10 years as Perth’s only World Heritage Listed Site. Fremantle Prison will this week celebrate the 10th anniversary of their World Heritage listing as part of the Australian Convict Sites. Inscribed on the prestigious World Heritage List on 31 July 2010, the Australian Convict Sites, which includes 11 properties from around Australia, tell an important story about the forced migration of over 168,000 men, women and children from Britain to Australia during the late 18th and 19th centuries. Fremantle Prison Heritage Conservation Manager, and current Chair of the Australian World Heritage Advisory Committee, Luke Donegan, said, “Fremantle Prison is a monument to the development of Western Australia as we know it today.” “It is the most intact convict-built cell range in the nation and was the last convict establishment constructed in Australia.” The Australian Convict Sites World Heritage Property also includes Cockatoo Island Convict Site, Sydney, NSW (1839–69); Hyde Park Barracks, Sydney, NSW (1819–48); Kingston and Arthur’s Vale Historic Area, Norfolk Island (active 1788–1814 and 1824–55); Old Government House and Domain, Parramatta Park, NSW (1788– 1856); and the Old Great North Road, Wiseman’s Ferry, NSW (1828–35). Brickendon-Woolmers Estates, Longford (1820–50s); Darlington Probation Station, Maria Island National Park (1825–32 and 1842–50); Cascades Female Factory, Mount Wellington (1828–56); Port Arthur Historic Site, Port Arthur (1830–77); and Coal Mines Historic Site, Norfolk Bay (1833–48). Fremantle Prison marks the place where the practice of forced migration through transportation ceased with the arrival of the convict ship Hougoumont in January 1868, and is an essential part of the Australian convict story. -
Get to Know Some Local Parramatta Tree Treasures This Year!
28 July 2013 - Get to know some local Parramatta tree treasures this year! Centen ary Square: Norfolk Island Hibiscus (Lagunaria patersonia) Also known as white oak (on Norfolk Is.) and cow itch tree (in Qld.) In the foreground of St Johns Cathedral, the Norfolk Island hibiscus was named for Lt.Col.William Paterson, one-time superintendent of Norfolk Island, acting NSW Governor and amateur botanist. In summer these have pink or lavender hibiscus-like flowers and later very bristly seed pods, hence the 'itch' name. There’s another one on the south-east of Old Government House. Also in the square is a fine old 'English' (actually European) oak, surrounded by raised circular bed and studded with plaques to Councillors who presided over the Church Street pedestrian mall going in. Watch out for the jacarandas flowering south of the Cathedral and around Lennox Bridge in November! Parramatta Park: Cook's pine (Araucaria columnaris) Parramatta Park is full of great trees, both locally native (some 3-700 year old forest red gums and narrow-leaved ironbarks, some with Aboriginal carved trunks (for making coolibahs, shields etc) providing landscape framing and identity. A couple of introduced conifers worthy of a gaze are the Cook's pine that lines up directly with George Street and its Tudor Revival gate house, between that and Old Government House. Native to New Caledonia, this tree commemorates James Cook the navigator and always grows 'off straight' - spiralling one way in the southern hemisphere, the other in the north! You might recognise it in tourist posters for New Caledonia – it’s “Ile des Pins” is covered in these pencil-like trees. -
A Man of Many Names: an Archival Insight Into the Life of the Convict Sheik Brown
A man of many names: An archival insight into the life of the convict Sheik Brown DANIEL MCKAY Abstract Sheik Brown was a man of many names; the legend of Sheik Brown, ‘Black Jack’, ‘Jose Koondiana’ and ‘Marridaio’ spread widely through early colonial Australia. Originally from India, Sheik Brown, a sailor by trade, was caught stealing at his lodgings in London and transported to Australia as a convict. But seemingly never wanting to linger in captivity, he became first a recidivist and then a notorious runaway, whose attempts at realising his freedom would define the rest of his life: from bamboozling the colonial authorities to living beyond the frontier with Indigenous people. Although evidence of his life is fragmentary, remarkably the ghostly footprints of his life can be found in archival holdings throughout Australia and the United Kingdom. His relationships with the colonial authorities, other convicts, free settlers and Aboriginal people provides a glimpse into the interactions, lives and experiences of the period. It illuminates not just a fascinating story about the early colonial era, but shows that Australian history is much more global, multicultural and interesting than is sometimes characterised. This research, charting the narrative of Sheik Brown, forms part of a larger team project investigating the multicultural history of early Queensland as part of a residence at the Queensland State Archives with the aid of a University of Queensland Summer Scholarship. The results and the process of this archival research were originally presented on an online blog (studentsatthearchives.wordpress.com). Introduction Of all the recidivist convicts that were sent to Moreton Bay, Sheik Brown, also known as ‘Black Jack’, ‘Jose Koondiana’ and ‘Marridaio’, would have to be one of the more unusual. -
A Colony of Convicts
A Colony of Convicts The following information has been taken from https://www.foundingdocs.gov.au/ Documenting a Democracy ‘Governor Phillip’s Instructions 25 April 1787’ The British explorer Captain James Cook landed in Australia in 1770 and claimed it as a British territory. Six years after James Cook landed at Botany Bay and gave the territory its English name of 'New South Wales', the American colonies declared their independence and war with Britain began. Access to America for the transportation of convicts ceased and overcrowding in British gaols soon raised official concerns. In 1779, Joseph Banks, the botanist who had travelled with Cook to New South Wales, suggested Australia as an alternative place for transportation. The advantages of trade with Asia and the Pacific were also raised, alongside the opportunity New South Wales offered as a new home for the American Loyalists who had supported Britain in the War of Independence. Eventually the Government settled on Botany Bay as the site for a colony. Secretary of State, Lord Sydney, chose Captain Arthur Phillip of the Royal Navy to lead the fleet and be the first governor. The process of colonisation began in 1788. A fleet of 11 ships, containing 736 convicts, some British troops and a governor set up the first colony of New South Wales in Sydney Cove. Prior to his departure for New South Wales, Phillip received his Instructions from King George III, with the advice of his ‘Privy Council'. The first Instructions included Phillip's Commission as Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief of New South Wales. -
A Medical Study of Health and Hygiene on Board the Swan River Colony’S Private Merchant Vessels of the Nineteenth Century
A Medical Study of Health and Hygiene on board the Swan River Colony’s Private Merchant Vessels of the Nineteenth Century A doctor’s medical kit from 1850 (Soetens 2001:82).82 Rebecca Ryan Archaeology, School of Social and Cultural Studies at the University of Western Australia Bachelor of Arts with Honours 2013 Supervisors: Associate Professor Alistair Paterson & Dr Jennifer Rodrigues Report—DepartMent of MaritiMe Archaeology, Western Australian MuseuM No. 249 9 8 I declare that this is my own composition, and contains only sole-authored work. No part of this thesis has been submitted in any form for another degree at this or another university. Information derived from the published or unpublished work of others has been acknowledged in the text and a list of references is provided. Rebecca Ryan October 2013 i I would like to acknowledge and thank the following people. Dr Jennifer Rodrigues, for constant support and wisdom throughout the year and for pushing me to be involved in the maritime archaeology community. Thank you! Associate Professor Alistair Paterson, for guidance and support. And putting my work into perspective. Madeleine McAllister, for encouragement and support throughout the year. And for her enthusiasm for maritime archaeology. Corioli Souter for advice and help. I would like to thank the Western Australian Museum as well as Steve Howell, senior subject specialist at the Battye Library for their support and assistance. ii Table of Contents List of Figures……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….v List of Tables………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………viii Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………ix Chapter 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………………….1 1.1. Research Aims………………………………………………………………………………………………….3 1.2. Chronological Overview……………………………………………………………………………………5 Chapter 2. -
Shipwrecks: Images and Perceptions of Nineteenth Century Maritime Disasters
4 Shipwrecks: Images and Perceptions of Nineteenth Century Maritime Disasters Mark Staniforth In the nineteenth century the long sea voyage across thousands of miles of open ocean to Australia was a step into the unknown. International migration at this time usually involved travel by sea, as it had in previous centuries. Ships were the primary long distance transportation method and the movement of passengers was one of their most important functions. It has been estimated that more than 1.6 million immigrants travelled to Australia by ship between 1788 and 1900, nearly half of these people were assisted immigrants of one type or another and they came primarily from Great Britain with smaller numbers from Europe (Barrie 1989:121). In the popular imagination the ocean represented hazard and uncertainty - an alien environment in which the possibility of shipwreck loomed large. Passengers felt themselves to be at the mercy of the elements and being directly exposed to the extremes of the weather in a moving structure was a new and disconcerting experience. This fear of shipwreck can be seen in a letter from P. Harnett to his brother from Cape Town in 1832 who writes that: 'you and the family must have been frequently tormented by anxious hopes and fears of my safety or probably have heard that the vessel was wrecked and as a matter of course that I was lost' (Harnett 1832). In most respects shipwrecks, like other tragedies involving transportation, are civil or 'man made' disasters yet they also exhibit some of the 45 46 Disasters: Images and Contexts characteristics of natural disasters.l These include evoking in the victims feelings of powerlessness in the face of overwhelming natural forces and a timeframe which sometimes extends over a period of hours or even days. -
Ludwig Leichhardt: a German Explorer’S Letters Home from Australia
Ludwig Leichhardt: A German Explorer’s Letters Home from Australia Heike Hartmann Seventeen letters sent by Ludwig Leichhardt from 1842–48 vividly depict his stay in Australia. In this exhibition curated by historian Heike Hartmann, we are introducing a brand new English translation of the letters and a timeline tool with which to view those, this virtual exhibition documents Leichhardt’s adventurous stay in Australia and opens up new perspectives for the environmental history of the land, Europeans’ engagement with its indigenous population, and international scientific networks at the time. Click here to read the letters. Exhibition texts by Heike Hartmann (2015) under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 International license. This refers only to the text and does not include any image rights. For copyright information on the above images, please click here. http://www.environmentandsociety.org/exhibitions/leichhardt/copyright-information How to cite: Hartmann, Heike. “Ludwig Leichhardt: A German Explorer’s Letters Home from Australia.” Commentaries translated by Brenda Black. Environment & Society Portal, Virtual Exhibitions 2015, no. 1. Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society. doi.org/10.5282/rcc/6348 . ISSN 2198-7696 Environment & Society Portal, Virtual Exhibitions Source URL: http://www.environmentandsociety.org/node/6348 PDF created on: 27 January 2021 12:38:07 About Ludwig Leichhardt’s life is inextricably bound with the European exploration of Australia. His first expedition (1844–1845) found a viable route between the east and north coasts of the colony and established Leichhardt’s reputation as the “Prince of Explorers.” In 1848 he set out on an expedition to cross the continent from east to west; the entire expedition party disappeared and was never found.