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Reading Anonymous: Old English (Anglo-Saxon) poems…see below Apocrypha: Ecclesiasticus Cadwallader J Bates: History of Northumberland (Sandhill Press) Richard Barber (sel): Chronicles of the Dark Ages (Folio Society) Bede: Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Penguin) S.A.J. Bradley: Anglo-Saxon Poetry (Everyman) John Blair: The Anglo-Saxon Age (A Very Short Introduction series) Culpepper: Complete Herbal (Wordsworth Reference) Angela Care Evans: The Sutton Hoo Ship Burial (British Museum Publications) Martin Carver: Sutton Hoo: Burial Place of Kings? (British Museum Publications) D. Dymond & E. Martin: Historical Atlas of Suffolk (Suffolk C.C. and Suffolk Inst. Arch. and History) Bill Griffiths: Aspects of Anglo-Saxon Magic (Anglo-Saxon Books) Anne Hagen: A Handbook of Anglo-Saxon Food (Anglo-Saxon Books) Richard Hamer (sel. and trans.): A Choice of Anglo-Saxon Verse (faber and faber) Gabrielle Hatfield: Country Remedies (Boydell Press) Kathleen Herbert; Looking for the Lost Gods of England (Anglo-Saxon Books) David A. Hinton: A Smith in Lindsey (Soc. For Medieval Archaeology) W.G.Hoskins: The Making of the English Landscape (Book Club Associates) John Kemble: Anglo-Saxon Runes (Anglo-Saxon Books) Tony Linsell and Brian Partridge: Rune Cards (Anglo-Saxon Books) Editors: Macmillan and Silk Cut Almanac (Macmillan) T.L.McAndrews: Amble and District (Sandhill Press) Sam Newton: The Reckoning of King Raedwald (Red Bird Press) Sam Newton: The Origins of ‘Beowulf’ (Red Bird Press) G.R.Owen-Crocker: Dress in Anglo-Saxon England (Boydell Press) Fr. Andrew Phillips: The Hallowing of England (Anglo-Saxon Books) Steven Plunkett: Suffolk in Anglo-Saxon Times (Tempus) Stephen Pollington: The Mead Hall (et al: see Links) (Anglo-Saxon Books John Porter: Anglo-Saxon Riddles (Anglo-Saxon Books) Oliver Rackham: The History of the Countryside (J.M.Dent) Bernard Scudder(trans): Egil’s Saga (Penguin) Francis Simpson: Simpson’s Flora of Suffolk (Suffolk Naturalists’ Soc.) Tom Williamson: Sutton Hoo and its Landscape (Windgather Press/Oxbow Books) .

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An Examination of the Role of Wealhtheow in Beowulf
Merge Volume 1 Article 2 2017 The Pagan and the Christian Queen: An Examination of the Role of Wealhtheow in Beowulf Tera Pate Follow this and additional works at: https://athenacommons.muw.edu/merge Part of the Other Classics Commons Recommended Citation Pate, Tara. "The Pagan and the Christian Queen: An Examination of the Role of Wealhtheow in Beowulf." Merge, vol. 1, 2017, pp. 1-17. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ATHENA COMMONS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Merge by an authorized editor of ATHENA COMMONS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Merge: The W’s Undergraduate Research Journal Image Source: “Converged” by Phil Whitehouse is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Volume 1 Spring 2017 Merge: The W’s Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 1 Spring, 2017 Managing Editor: Maddy Norgard Editors: Colin Damms Cassidy DeGreen Gabrielle Lestrade Faculty Advisor: Dr. Kim Whitehead Faculty Referees: Dr. Lisa Bailey Dr. April Coleman Dr. Nora Corrigan Dr. Jeffrey Courtright Dr. Sacha Dawkins Dr. Randell Foxworth Dr. Amber Handy Dr. Ghanshyam Heda Dr. Andrew Luccassan Dr. Bridget Pieschel Dr. Barry Smith Mr. Alex Stelioes – Wills Pate 1 Tera Katherine Pate The Pagan and the Christian Queen: An Examination of the Role of Wealhtheow in Beowulf Old English literature is the product of a country in religious flux. Beowulf and its women are creations of this religiously transformative time, and juxtapositions of this work’s women with the women of more Pagan and, alternatively, more Christian works reveals exactly how the roles of women were transforming alongside the shifting of religious belief.
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The Mead-Hall Community
Journal of Medieval History 37 (2011) 19–33 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Medieval History journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ jmedhist The mead-hall community Stephen Pollington* 46 Beeleigh East, Fryerns, Basildon, Essex, SS14 2RR, UK abstract Keywords: Mead-hall The paper provides background context to the Anglo-Saxon concept Feasting of the ‘mead-hall’, the role of conspicuous consumption in early Gift giving medieval society and the use of commensality to strengthen hori- Ritual zontal and vertical social bonds. Taking as its primary starting point Anglo-Saxon England the evidence of the Old English verse tradition, supported by linguistic and archaeological evidence and contemporary compar- ative material, the paper draws together contemporaneous and modern insights into the nature of feasting as a social medium. The roles of the ‘lord’ and ‘lady’ as community leaders are examined, with particular regard to their position at the epicentre of radiating social relationships. Finally, the inverse importance of the mead- hall as a declining social institution and a developing literary construct is addressed. Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. The term ‘mead-hall’ is no longer current among English-speakers; it is used here as a shorthand notation for the Germanic customs and observances surrounding the consumption and distribution of food and drink in a ceremonial setting, the giving and receiving of honoriﬁcs and rewards, and the establishment of a communal identity expressed through formal relationships to a pair of individuals whom we may call the ‘lord’ and ‘lady’. It further relates to a set of traditions concerning hospitality offered to strangers, informal entertainment and the maintenance of wider social relationships.
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Beowulf: God, Men, and Monster
Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato Volume 10 Article 1 2010 Beowulf: God, Men, and Monster Emily Bartz Minnesota State University, Mankato Follow this and additional works at: https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/jur Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Bartz, Emily (2010) "Beowulf: God, Men, and Monster," Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato: Vol. 10 , Article 1. Available at: https://cornerstone.lib.mnsu.edu/jur/vol10/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Research Center at Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato by an authorized editor of Cornerstone: A Collection of Scholarly and Creative Works for Minnesota State University, Mankato. Bartz: Beowulf: God, Men, and Monster Emily Bartz Beowulf: God, Men, and Monsters The central conflict of the Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf is the struggle between the decentralising and supernatural ways of the ancients (Shield Sheafson, Grendel, and Grendel‟s Mother) and the centralising and corporeal values of the modern heroes (Hrothgar, Beowulf, and Wiglaf.) The poet traces a definitive move away from the ancient‟s pagan heroic values to his own Christian heroic values. However, as in the poet‟s contemporary culture, certain pagan traditions, such as familial fidelity, persist in Beowulf due to their compatibility with Christian culture. The poet‟s audience, the Anglo-Saxons, honoured their pagan ancestors through story telling. The Christian leadership discouraged story telling since the Anglo-Saxons‟ ancestors were pagans and thus beyond salvation.
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Old English Ecologies: Environmental Readings of Anglo-Saxon Texts and Culture
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 12-2013 Old English Ecologies: Environmental Readings of Anglo-Saxon Texts and Culture Ilse Schweitzer VanDonkelaar Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons, and the Medieval Studies Commons Recommended Citation VanDonkelaar, Ilse Schweitzer, "Old English Ecologies: Environmental Readings of Anglo-Saxon Texts and Culture" (2013). Dissertations. 216. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/216 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. OLD ENGLISH ECOLOGIES: ENVIRONMENTAL READINGS OF ANGLO-SAXON TEXTS AND CULTURE by Ilse Schweitzer VanDonkelaar A dissertation submitted to the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of English Western Michigan University December 2013 Doctoral Committee: Jana K. Schulman, Ph.D., Chair Eve Salisbury, Ph.D. Richard Utz, Ph.D. Sarah Hill, Ph.D. OLD ENGLISH ECOLOGIES: ENVIRONMENTAL READINGS OF ANGLO-SAXON TEXTS AND CULTURE Ilse Schweitzer VanDonkelaar, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2013 Conventionally, scholars have viewed representations of the natural world in Anglo-Saxon (Old English) literature as peripheral, static, or largely symbolic: a “backdrop” before which the events of human and divine history unfold. In “Old English Ecologies,” I apply the relatively new critical perspectives of ecocriticism and place- based study to the Anglo-Saxon canon to reveal the depth and changeability in these literary landscapes.
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Mead-Halls of the Oiscingas: a New Kentish Perspective on the Anglo-Saxon Great Hall Complex Phenomenon
Mead-halls of the Oiscingas: a new Kentish perspective on the Anglo-Saxon great hall complex phenomenon Article Published Version Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY) Open Access Thomas, G. (2018) Mead-halls of the Oiscingas: a new Kentish perspective on the Anglo-Saxon great hall complex phenomenon. Medieval Archaeology, 62 (2). pp. 262-303. ISSN 0076-6097 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00766097.2018.1535386 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/76215/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00766097.2018.1535386 Publisher: Maney Publishing All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online Medieval Archaeology ISSN: 0076-6097 (Print) 1745-817X (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ymed20 Mead-Halls of the Oiscingas: A New Kentish Perspective on the Anglo-Saxon Great Hall Complex Phenomenon GABOR THOMAS To cite this article: GABOR THOMAS (2018) Mead-Halls of the Oiscingas: A New Kentish Perspective on the Anglo-Saxon Great Hall Complex Phenomenon, Medieval Archaeology, 62:2, 262-303, DOI: 10.1080/00766097.2018.1535386 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00766097.2018.1535386 © 2018 The Author(s).
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Instances of Religious Roles of the Anglo-Saxon Warrior Class - 2 Persons Or Group
Jessica McGillivray Instances of Religious Roles of the Anglo- Saxon Warrior Class Jessica McGillivray received three Bachelors of Arts in Anthropology, History, and Religious Studies in Spring of 2013 from University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and served as former President of Pagan Student Fellowship and Faith'N'Queers student organizations at UWM. Her favorite area of interest is Northern European history and culture studies. She feels it is important for religion to be discussed. One cannot ignore the base reality of existence for so many people on our planet and then pretend to say they understand all of the complications in politics and social change. Understanding our historical and cultural past helps us understand who we are today. The motto for the Faith'N'Queers club applies to scholarship and social activism. "Put down the stones. Climb out of the trenches. Let's talk." Introduction Looking back into history to discover the roles of religious rituals and beliefs as practiced by a certain part of society can be arduous, particularly when there are not historical annals written about the precise rituals being practiced by those in power. However, in the case of Anglo-Saxon Britain, which would have lasted from the fall of Roman influence around AD 400 until the Norman Conquest in the 11 th Century, many texts of literature have survived. These include "Beowulf", "The Wanderer", "Judith" and "The Dream of the Rood". These were all written in Anglo-Saxon, and likely recorded by monks in the scriptoriums of the monasteries of Britain. Although the original manuscripts of these stories are lost, much can be learned from these copies that did survive.
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The Mead-Hall
HEOROT: THE MEAD-HALL 0. HEOROT: THE MEAD-HALL - Story Preface 1. ROME LEAVES A POWER VACUUM 2. WOLVES ENTER THE FOLD 3. INVADING ANGLO-SAXONS 4. DEFENDERS BECOME INVADERS 5. A CHANGING CULTURE 6. WHO WERE THE GEATS? 7. SOURCE of the STORY 8. THE STORY SETTING 9. HEOROT: THE MEAD-HALL 10. TROLLS 11. GRENDEL 12. BEOWULF 13. GRENDEL'S MOTHER 14. BATTLES and RUNE STONES Mead halls, like Heorot, were communal places where kings, like Hrothgar, met with their warriors (among other things). This image depicts a reconstructed mead hall—from the ring castle Fyrkat near Hobro, Denmark—as it appeared on September 14, 2002. Photo by Malene Thyssen; online via Wikimedia Commons. License: CC BY SA-3.0 Hrothgar, according to the Beowulf story, had a great hall which he called "Heorot." The king and his warriors would gather in the hall to eat, plan battles, hear entertainers and drink mead (an alcoholic beverage made from fermented honey and water). Sometimes they would also sleep there. Danish archaeologists have uncovered such long halls in the Lejre area of Zealand, the island on which the country's capital - Copenhagen - is located. Excavation layers at one site reveal two diﬀerent long halls, built over each other, likely used between the years 660 to 890. Not far away is athird long hall - from about the time in which the Beowulf epic takes place. If we were able to step back in time, and could inspect a Danish long hall, what would we see? Reconstructions, based on archaeological ﬁndings, help us to visualize them.
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2013 Collaborative Middle School Tournament Round 3
2013 Collaborative Middle School Tournament Round 3 Tossups 1. One character in this story is sold by her father and is partially deaf. The protagonist reveals himself to Princess Pea and is then sentenced to death in the dungeon. Spoons, bowls, kettles, and soup are outlawed after the queen dies of fright when a (*) rat falls in her food. For 10 points, name this 2004 novel which became a 2008 film, a Newbery Medal winner by Kate DiCamillo. ANSWER: The Tale of Despereaux 2. This woman allied with Walter White to push the failed Costigan-Wagner anti-lynching bill, but the President refused to publicly endorse it. She and Wendell Wilkie were the first honorary chairpersons of Freedom House. She arranged Marian Anderson's concert at the Lincoln Memorial. As a delegate to the UN from 1945-1952, she also helped draft the Declaration of Human Rights. (*) For 10 points, name this First Lady, the wife of Franklin D. Roosevelt. ANSWER: (Anna) Eleanor Roosevelt [prompt on "Roosevelt"] 3. One former player for this team was the 1986 NFL MVP as well as the defensive player of the year, but that player may be more famous for the hit that broke Joe Theismann's leg. Lawrence Taylor played for this team that also defeated a (*) Tom Brady-led Patriots team to win the 2012 Super Bowl. Hakeem Nicks and Victor Cruz play on, for 10 points, what NFL team that features Eli Manning at quarterback? ANSWER: New York Giants [prompt on "New York"] 4. One structure in this organ, the Bowman's capsule, is divided into several layers including the visceral and parietal layers.
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There and Back Again: the Epic Hero's Journey Through Gift-Giving." the Downtown Review
The Downtown Review Volume 1 Issue 2 Article 1 March 2015 There and Back Again: The Epic Hero's Journey Through Gift- Giving Emily J. Tomusko Cleveland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/tdr Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons, Medieval Studies Commons, and the Modern Literature Commons How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! Recommended Citation Tomusko, Emily J.. "There and Back Again: The Epic Hero's Journey Through Gift-Giving." The Downtown Review. Vol. 1. Iss. 2 (2015) . Available at: https://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/tdr/vol1/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at EngagedScholarship@CSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Downtown Review by an authorized editor of EngagedScholarship@CSU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Tomusko: Epic Heroes and Gift-Giving Beowulf and The Hobbit are two pieces of literature that the average high school student will have some familiarity with, whether from actual experience or cultural notoriety – the latter especially being popularized by Peter Jackson’s film franchise, the 2001-2003 The Lord of the Rings and the more recent 2012-2014 The Hobbit. With this resurgence, it has become somewhat more common knowledge that Tolkien was a Beowulf scholar and that he is responsible for a major piece of criticism, “The Monsters and the Critics,” that spurred literary interest in the text. However, few comparisons have been made between the gift-giving culture present in both tales and the stories’ own possible use as ethical guidance by the authors.
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INTRODUCTION the Fury of the Northmen
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The Fury of the Northmen Finally the chieftain took his high seat. The warrior band had waited eagerly on the benches around the great hall, warmed by the crackling fire, quaffing bountiful mead. The chief- tain’s servant girls had spent weeks this fall mixing honey and water, brewing barrels full for his famous party at Yule, the old Scandinavian festival of midwinter. Now the chieftain was there in his best clothes demanding to know why his famed warriors had been given such simple drink. Did they not deserve better hospi- tality after all they had accomplished in Frankland? Had they not hauled home barrels of the best Frankish wine from the rich cellar of that monastery last summer and paid dearly for their loot with their blood? The appearance of the pitcher, its perfect regularity so unlike the clumsy local earthenware containers that most of them were used to, hushed the rowdy warriors in the vast hall. Tin foil in sev- eral horizontal lines and, between them, sequences of rhombuses decorated the pitcher, a glorious vessel for an exotic drink. The chieftain, served first, received a chalice with an artful decoration of blue glass in delicate strands after which the man in the seat of honor was handed a matching glass. The rest of them drank out of horns or simple mugs, but now everyone drank wine instead of mead to celebrate their bravery and their success when they had gone on Viking raids during the summer.
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The Anglo-Saxon War-Culture and the Lord of the Rings: Legacy and Reappraisal
PRITHA KUNDU The Anglo-Saxon War-Culture and The Lord of the Rings: Legacy and Reappraisal he literature of war in English claims its origin from the Homeric epics, and the medieval accounts of chivalry and the crusades. In modern war- literature, produced during and after the two World Wars, themes of Texistential trauma, alienation of man as victim, horrors of the nuclear warfare and the Holocaust, and the evils of a totalitarian government, critique of narrow nationalism have become dominant; yet some memories of the Classical and the Medieval war-culture can be found, either as subtle allusion, or as a means of irony or satire, as in Catch-22 or Mother Courage. However, another ancient culture of war—that of the Anglo-Saxons—has failed to hold its sway over the thoughts of the modern war-poets and novelists. In fact, the process of oblivion began as early as the 12th century, when the image of loud and boasting warriors, bursting the mead-halls with their genial laughter, and fighting to death for the love of their lords, was replaced by the courteous Christian knights on their quest for the Holy Grail, rescuing damsels in distress, representing abstract virtues and ideals of a feudal culture. In the long run, the medieval image of the knight-warrior, alongside the raw and ‘real’ quality of the Homeric battles, has found ways into the modern imagination, and produced modern reappropriations of these old materials, whereas re-works on Anglo-Saxon literature are of a poor amount. John Gardner’s Grendel offers an existentialist and psychoanalytic approach toBeowulf , rewriting it from the monster’s point of view, and G.K.
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Review of Higgins, Anglo-Saxon Community in J.R.R. Tolkien's The
University of South Dakota USD RED Faculty Publications University Libraries 2017 Review of Higgins, Anglo-Saxon Community in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings Carol A. Leibiger University of South Dakota, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://red.library.usd.edu/ul-fp Part of the Literature in English, British Isles Commons Recommended Citation Leibiger, Carol A. Review of Anglo-Saxon Community in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings, by Deborah A. Higgens. Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts, vol. 27, no. 3, 2017, pp. 539-542. This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the University Libraries at USD RED. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of USD RED. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Carol A. Leibiger Deborah Higgens. Anglo-Saxon Community in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings. N.p.: Oloris Publishing, 2014. 120 pp. E-book. ISBN 978-1-940992-05-1. $15.00 In a recent article, “The Problem of Transformation: The Use of Medieval Sources in Fantasy Literature,” Michael Drout states that “…fantasy literature [is] the way that the majority of the general public encounters medieval materials (albeit transformed medieval materials)” (2004, 17). Deborah Higgens, Director of the C.S. Lewis Study Center at The Kilns, makes two claims about J.R.R. Tolkien’s engagement with Anglo-Saxon literature in this short book. The first claim, that Tolkien entered an Anglo-Saxon community of writers through his scholarly and creative work (5-6), is questionable and in the end not an important issue for this work.
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