DOCSLIB.ORG

Reading List for Late European Imperialism (Professor Mccoy) Alvarez, José E

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Reading List for Late European Imperialism (Professor Mccoy) Alvarez, José E Piotr Puchalski, May 2017 Reading List for Late European Imperialism (Professor McCoy) Alvarez, José E. The Betrothed of Death: The Spanish Foreign Legion During the Rif Rebellion, 1920-1927. Contributions in Comparative Colonial Studies, no. 40. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2001. Baer, George W. Test Case : Italy, Ethiopia, and the League of Nations. Hoover Press, 1976. Balfour, Sebastian. Deadly Embrace: Morocco and the Road to the Spanish Civil War. Oxford University Press, 2002. Barker, A.J. The Civilizing Mission: A History of the Italo-Ethiopian War of 1935-1936. New York: The Dial Press, 1968. Barros, James. The Corfu Incident of 1923: Mussolini and The League of Nations. Princeton University Press, 2015. Brown, Frederic Joseph. Chemical Warfare; a Study in Restraints. Princeton University Press, 1968. Burkman, Thomas W. “Japan and the League of Nations: An Asian Power Encounters the ‘European Club.’” World Affairs 158, no. 1 (1995): 45–57. Callahan, Michael Dennis. Mandates and Empire: The League of Nations and Africa, 1914- 1931. Brighton: Sussex Academic, 2008. Caprotti, Federico. “The Invisible War on Nature: The Abyssinian War in Newsreels and Documentaries in Fascist Italy.” Modern Italy 19, no. 3 (July 3, 2014): 305–21. Chamedes, Giuliana. “The Vatican and the Reshaping of the European International Order after World War I.” The Historical Journal 56, no. 4 (December 2013): 955–76. Chandler, James A. “Spain and Her Moroccan Protectorate 1898-1927.” Journal of Contemporary History 10, no. 2 (1975): 301–22. Childs, Timothy Winston. Italo-Turkish Diplomacy and the War Over Libya: 1911-1912. BRILL, 1990. Del Boca, Angelo. The Ethiopian War, 1935-1941. University of Chicago Press, 1969. Dodge, Toby. Inventing Iraq: The Failure of Nation Building and a History Denied. Columbia University Press, 2005. Douglas, R. M. “Did Britain Use Chemical Weapons in Mandatory Iraq?” The Journal of Modern History 81, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 859–87. Fieldhouse, D. K. Western Imperialism in the Middle East 1914-1958. OUP Oxford, 2006. Fisk, Robert. The Great War for Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East. Knopf Doubleday, 2007. Piotr Puchalski, May 2017 Gerson, Luis L. “Woodrow Wilson and the Rebirth of Poland 1914-1920,” 1953. Harris, Walter. France, Spain and the Rif. London: Edward Arnold & Co., 1927. Hofmann, Reto. “Imperial Links: The Italian-Ethiopian War and Japanese New Order Thinking, 1935–6.” Journal of Contemporary History 50, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 215–33. Hunter, F. Robert. Egypt Under the Khedives, 1805-1879: From Household Government to Modern Bureaucracy. American Univ in Cairo Press, 1999. Jacobson, Stephen. “Imperial Ambitions in an Era of Decline: Micromilitarism and the Eclipse of the Spanish Empire, 1858-1923.” In Endless Empire: Spain’s Retreat, Europe’s Eclipse, America’s Decline, by Alfred W. McCoy, Josep Maria Fradera, and Stephen Jacobson, 74–91. University of Wisconsin Press, 2012. Labanca, Nicola. “Constructing Mussolini’s New Man in Africa? Italian Memories of the Fascist War on Ethiopia.” Italian Studies 61, no. 2 (October 2006): 225–32. Lu, David John. Agony of Choice: Matsuoka Yōsuke and the Rise and Fall of the Japanese Empire, 1880-1946. Lexington Books, 2002. Mack Smith, Denis. Italy: A Modern History. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1969. ———. Mussolini’s Roman Empire. New York: Penguin Books, 1977. Manela, Erez. The Wilsonian Moment. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. Mayer, Arno J. Wilson vs. Lenin: Political Origins of the New Diplomacy 1917-1918. Cleveland, 1964. McCormick, Thomas. “From Old Empire to New: The Changing Dynamics and Tactics of American Empire.” In Colonial Crucible: Empire in the Making of the Modern American State, by Alfred W. McCoy and Francisco A. Scarano, 63–79. University of Wisconsin Press, 2009. Mockler, Anthony. Haile Selassie’s War: The Italian-Ethiopian Campaign, 1935-1941. New York: Random House, 1984. Negash, Tekeste. Italian Colonialism in Eritrea, 1882-1941: Policies, Praxis, and Impact. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis 148. Uppsala : Stockholm: [Uppsala University] ; Distributor, Almqvist & Wiksell, 1987. Northedge, F. S. The League of Nations: Its Life and Times 1920-1946. Holmes & Meier, 1986. Pankhurst, Richard. “Italian Fascist War Crimes in Ethiopia: A History of Their Discussion, from the League of Nations to the United Nations (1936-1949).” Northeast African Studies 6, no. 1/2 (1999): 83–140. Pedersen, Susan. The Guardians: The League of Nations and the Crisis of Empire. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Piotr Puchalski, May 2017 Pennell, C. R. “Ideology and Practical Politics: A Case Study of the Rif War in Morocco, 1921– 1926.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 14, no. 1 (February 1982): 19–33. Powaski, Ronald E. Toward an Entangling Alliance: American Isolationism, Internationalism, and Europe, 1901-1950. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1991. Preston, Paul. The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2013. Puchalski, Piotr. “The Polish Mission to Liberia, 1934-1938: Constructing Poland’s Colonial Identity.” The Historical Journal, March 2017, 1–26. doi:10.1017/S0018246X16000534. Rutledge, Ian. Enemy on the Euphrates: The Battle for Iraq, 1914-1921. Saqi Books, 2015. Simons, Geoff. Iraq: From Sumer To Saddam. Springer, 1993. ———. Libya: The Struggle for Survival. St. Martin’s Press, 1996. Sluglett, Peter. Britain in Iraq: Contriving King and Country. I.B.Tauris, 2007. Tooze, Adam. The Deluge: The Great War and the Remaking of Global Order 1916-1931. Penguin UK, 2014. Tuchman, Barbara W. The Proud Tower. New York: Macmillan, 1966. Vinogradov, Amal. “The 1920 Revolt in Iraq Reconsidered: The Role of Tribes in National Politics.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 3, no. 2 (1972): 123–39. Williams, William Appleman. The Tragedy of American Diplomacy. W. W. Norton & Company, 1988. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Christians and Jews in Muslim Societies
    Arabic and its Alternatives Christians and Jews in Muslim Societies Editorial Board Phillip Ackerman-Lieberman (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA) Bernard Heyberger (EHESS, Paris, France) VOLUME 5 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/cjms Arabic and its Alternatives Religious Minorities and Their Languages in the Emerging Nation States of the Middle East (1920–1950) Edited by Heleen Murre-van den Berg Karène Sanchez Summerer Tijmen C. Baarda LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover illustration: Assyrian School of Mosul, 1920s–1930s; courtesy Dr. Robin Beth Shamuel, Iraq. This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Murre-van den Berg, H. L. (Hendrika Lena), 1964– illustrator. | Sanchez-Summerer, Karene, editor. | Baarda, Tijmen C., editor. Title: Arabic and its alternatives : religious minorities and their languages in the emerging nation states of the Middle East (1920–1950) / edited by Heleen Murre-van den Berg, Karène Sanchez, Tijmen C. Baarda. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2020. | Series: Christians and Jews in Muslim societies, 2212–5523 ; vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Britain in Iraq: Contriving King and Country'
    H-Albion Satia on Sluglett, 'Britain in Iraq: Contriving King and Country' Review published on Friday, February 1, 2008 Peter Sluglett. Britain in Iraq: Contriving King and Country. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. 318 pp. $24.50 (paper), ISBN 978-0-231-14201-4. Reviewed by Priya Satia (Department of History, Stanford University)Published on H-Albion (February, 2008) Lessons in Imperialism from Iraq's Past The current war in Iraq has had many ironic consequences, the least sordid being perhaps the belated interest in Iraq's history. As Peter Sluglett confesses in the opening pages of the reissue of his thirty-year-old classic, Britain in Iraq, his happiness about the book's new lease of life is severely undercut by his awareness of its unhappy cause. (One at once anticipates and dreads a similar resurrection of long-neglected works on Iranian history in the near future.) While the continued obscurity of important historical texts underscores the ignorance guiding the prosecution of American war and diplomacy in the Middle East, the irony lies as much in the pedagogue's self- defeatist awareness that if only such books had been read in the halls of power earlier, they would have remained neatly irrelevant to our wider political life. That said, the timely reissue of Sluglett's book is an opportunity to comment on scholarship as much as politics, and that is, happily, a notably less pathetic story. Sluglett's original 1976 edition has long been the definitive text on the period of the British mandate in Iraq, from World War I to 1932.
    [Show full text]
  • British Mandate of Mesopotamia 1 British Mandate of Mesopotamia
    British Mandate of Mesopotamia 1 British Mandate of Mesopotamia نيرهنلا نيب ام دالب ىلع يناطيربلا بادتنالا British Mandate of Mesopotamia Mandate of the United Kingdom ← 1920–1932 ← → ← Flag Capital Baghdad Language(s) Arabic, Kurdish, Aramaic Religion Islam, Christianity, Judaism Political structure League of Nations Mandate High Commissioner Sir Percy Cox National leader King Faisal I Historical era Interwar period - San Remo conference April 26, 1920 - Treaty of Sèvres August 10, 1920 - Anglo-Iraqi Treaty 1930 - Independence October 3, 1932 ) was a League of Nations Class Aقارعلا ىلع يناطيربلا بادتنالا :The British Mandate of Mesopotamia (Arabic mandate under Article 22 and entrusted to Britain when the Ottoman Empire was divided in August 1920 by the Treaty of Sèvres following World War I. This award was prepared on April 25, 1920, at the San Remo conference in Italy. France controlled the Mandates of Lebanon and Syria. Faisal ibn Husayn, who had been proclaimed King of Syria by a Syrian National Congress in Damascus in March 1920, was ejected by the French in July of the same year. British Mandate of Mesopotamia 2 The civil government of postwar Iraq was headed originally by the High Commissioner, Sir Percy Cox, and his deputy, Colonel Arnold Wilson. British reprisals after the murder of a British officer in Najaf failed to restore order. British administration had yet to be established in the mountains of north Iraq. The most striking problem facing the British was the growing anger of the nationalists, who felt betrayed at being accorded mandate status. Early unrest Three important anticolonial secret societies had been formed in Iraq during 1918 and 1919.
    [Show full text]
  • The Forty Thieves: Churchill, the Cairo Conference, and the Policy Debate Over Strategies of Colonial Control in British Mandatory Iraq, 1918—1924
    The Forty Thieves: Churchill, the Cairo Conference, And the Policy Debate Over Strategies Of Colonial Control in British Mandatory Iraq, 1918—1924 James D. Terry A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2008 Approved by: Dr. Richard H. Kohn Dr. Joseph T. Glatthaar Dr. Richard A. Soloway ©2008 James D. Terry ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii Abstract JAMES TERRY: The Forty Thieves: Churchill, the Cairo Conference, and The Policy Debate Over Strategies of Colonial Control in British Mandatory Iraq, 1918-1924 (Under the direction of Dr. Richard Kohn) After World War I, Great Britain found itself unexpectedly occupying vast swaths of the Middle East, including the modern-day nation of Iraq. The final disposition of its Middle Eastern possessions was initially unclear, and the British government explored several policy options before finally selecting air policing, a novel colonial control scheme wherein aircraft would be used in lieu of ground forces to provide a British military presence in Iraq. This thesis examines the process by which Britain chose air policing as its best strategy for Iraq. Air policing was intensely controversial from the very beginning. The internal debate it sparked within the government was intense and bitter. That air policing ultimately won out over rival policy options was due to a combination of factors, including Churchill’s advocacy, financial cuts, manpower reductions, and policymakers’ determining that air policing represented the best possibility for Great Britain to maintain influence in Iraq.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 ILARI Economic Warfare. the Western Way of Warfighting
    1 «Economic Warfare» The Western Way of Warfighting by Virgilio IIari Gasoline ration stamps being inspected at the United States Bureau of Engraving and Printing in Washington, D.C., 31 January 1974 It is part of a collection donated to the Library of Congress. Per the deed of gift, U.S. News & World Report dedicated to the public all rights it held for the photographs in this collection upon its donation to the Library. 2 «Economic Warfare» The Western Way of Warfighting by Virgilio IIari A detailed chronological and bibliographical fact-finding of the most relevant treaties, agreements, political decisions, legislation, definitions, theories, public documents and scientific studies in the field of the economic and financial warfare and their tools and tactics [market penetration, trade agreements, international aid (foreign economic as- sistance), preclusive purchasing (buying), dollar diplomacy, monetary policy, world investment banking, shipping assurance, economic and financial intelligence, business intelligence, economy as statecraft, foreign economic policy, geoeconomics, national emergencies, export/import controls, foreign asset control (freeze), proclaimed listing, sanctions and countersanctions, embargos, boycott, lawfare, extraterritorial jurisdic- tion, shipping insurance, predatory pricing, dumping and antidumping, bankrupting, counterfeiting, smuggling, color revolution, human rights, responsibility to protect, blockade, bombing, sabotage, espionage, covert operations] since 1900 ongoing. Contents I Offensive Economic Warfare (1900-1945) p. 3 Phase I – Imperialism (1900-1914) p. 5 Phase II – Great War (1914-1921) p. 11 Phase III – Interwar (1919-1939) p. 19 Phase IV – Second World War (1939-1945) p. 37 II The Economic Weapons of the Cold War (1945-1991) p. 56 Phase I – Containment (1945-1962) p.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: BETWEEN REBEL FLAGS: IRAQI
    ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: BETWEEN REBEL FLAGS: IRAQI VEXILLOLOGY AND STATE ICONOGRAPHY, 1921 – 2017 John T. Andrews, Master of Arts 2020 Thesis directed by: Professor Peter Wien Department of History In under a century of existence, the Republic of Iraq has adopted seven national flags. The circumstances of these modifications occurred under times of tremendous political transformation following wars and military coups. The evolution of Iraqi vexillology often corresponded to sub-national violence and direct challenges to state authority. This thesis considers Iraqi identity through the lens of its national flags and iconography from 1921 to 2017. It argues that Iraqi flags and iconography constitute an archive revealing a national identity organized around an emphasis on ethnicity and transhistorical relationships. BETWEEN REBEL FLAGS: IRAQI VEXILLOLOGY AND STATE ICONOGRAPHY, 1921 – 2017 by John T. Andrews Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts 2020 Advisory Committee: Professor Peter Wien, Chair Professor Shay Hazkani Professor Colleen Woods © Copyright by John T. Andrews 2020 ii For my family iii Table of Contents Dedication ………………………………………………………………………………………..iii Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………………………...iv List of Tables …………………………………………………………………………………….vi List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………………...vii Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………… 1 Chapter 2 ………………………………………………………………………………………….4
    [Show full text]
  • Creation and Collapse: the British Indian Empire in Mesopotamia Before and After World War I
    Creation and Collapse: The British Indian Empire in Mesopotamia Before and After World War I Austin McCleery Department of History Honors Thesis University of Colorado Boulder Defense: April 2nd, 2018 Committee: Primary Advisor: Susan Kingsley Kent, Department of History Outside Advisor: Nancy Billica, Department of Political Science Honors Representative: Matthew Gerber, Department of History 1 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I am deeply indebted to Professor Kent for her expertise, guidance, and willingness to work with my schedule. Her support and immense knowledge made this paper far less daunting and ultimately far more successful. I would also like to extend my deepest gratitude to Professor Gerber for leading me through the thesis process and helping me switch topics when my initial choice fell through. To Professor Billica, thank you for encouraging my interests beyond this topic and offering invaluable career advice and much appreciated edits. Finally, to all my friends and family who listened to me talk about this thesis for almost two years, your patience and support played a huge role in getting me to the end. To those who spent innumerable hours in the library with me, I greatly appreciated the company. 2 Abstract This paper explores British India and the Government of India’s involvement in Mesopotamia [modern-day Iraq] before, during, and after World War I. By bringing these regions together, this study challenges prior assumptions that India and the Middle East exist in entirely distinct historic spheres. Instead I show that the two regions share close, interrelated histories that link both the British Empire and the changing colonial standards.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Sunni and Shi'i Arab Identities in Iraq, 1861–2014
    The Struggle Over the State: The History of Sunni and Shi‘i Arab Identities in Iraq, 1861–2014 Emily K. Bader Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Prerequisite for Honors in International Relations–History under the advisement of Lidwien Kapteijns April 2018 © 2018 Emily K. Bader Bader 2 Acknowledgments I would not have been able to tackle this immense challenge if it were not for the countless people who have supported me along the way. I would like to start by thanking my parents, Wendy and Bruce, my brother, David (and of course, our beloved dog, Cassie) for their love, encouragement, and as always, humor. My family has taught me compassion, tenacity, and resilience—all of which were necessary to finish this thesis. Thank you for always supporting me, even when my ambitions involve words like “conflict” and “reporter.” Thank you to my mom, a Wellesley woman herself, who, when I called her several months ago in a state of panic that I would not be able to finish asked me, “well do you want to finish?” and when I answered of course said, “then finish it!” Thank you to my dad for always answering the phone with a joke, for sending me pictures of the dog, and for reminding me that I need to sleep. Funding my penchant for doing work at Starbucks did not hurt either. Thank you to my friends, both near and far, without whom I would likely have ended up as a ball of stress by now. Thank you for the countless texts and phone calls cheering me on, even when halfway around the world, for taking time out of your own hectic schedules to check in with me, for bringing me homemade smoothies at my thesis carrel, and even offering to do my laundry (an offer that, while greatly appreciated, was not taken up on) and so much more.
    [Show full text]
  • MESA ANNUAL MEETING 2012 November 17‐20 Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel, Denver, CO
    MESA ANNUAL MEETING 2012 November 17‐20 Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel, Denver, CO The following listing of CMES‐ and Harvard‐affiliated speakers was compiled from the MESA Program that was posted in October. Please note that there may have been updates since this time that we were unable to include. For the most current information on times and locations of these panels, visit: http://www.mesa.arizona.edu/annual‐meeting/program.html Pages 1‐2 Harvard Affiliate Listing with session times Pages 3‐36 MESA Program with Harvard Affiliate names highlighted (actual program page numbers will be listed as 10‐43) Harvard Affiliate listing with day(s)/time(s) of MESA sessions Harvard Faculty: . Abo‐Haggar, Dalia (Preceptor in Arabic) – Tues, 8:30‐10:30 . Granara, William (Professor of the Practice of Arabic on the Gordon Gray Endowment) – Mon, 5‐7 . Tamari, Salim (Shawwaf Visiting Professor of Arabic & Islamic Studies, Spring ’13) – Tues, 11‐1/ 1:30‐3:30 Harvard Students: . Eroglu Sager, Zeyneb (Hale) (IAAS) – Mon, 2:30‐4:30 . Orkaby, Asher (G4 History/MES) – Mon, 2:30‐4:30 . Sultany, Nimer (Law) – Sun, 2‐4 . Tusalp, Ekin (G8 History/MES) – Sun, 4:30‐6:30 . Vodopyanov, Anya (Government) – Sun, 8:30‐10:30 Current Visiting Researchers: . Bishara, Fahad A. (History Department Fellow) – Sun, 8:30‐10:30 . Cammett, Melani C. (CMES Visiting Scholar) – Mon, 5‐7 . Jackson, Maureen (Center for Jewish Studies Starr Fellow, Spring ‘13) – Sat, 5:30‐7:30 . Salem, Rania (HSPH Research Fellow) – Mon, 5‐7 CMES & Harvard Alumni/ae: . Bacharach, Jere L. (AM ’62, MES) – Mon, 11‐1 .
    [Show full text]
  • PROPAGANDA, STATE POWER and the PRESS in the POST-OTTOMAN MIDDLE EAST by CHARLES SILLS (Under the Direction of Kevin Jones )
    PROPAGANDA, STATE POWER AND THE PRESS IN THE POST-OTTOMAN MIDDLE EAST By CHARLES SILLS (Under the Direction of Kevin Jones ) ABSTRACT This study explores the relationship between socio-political change in Mandatory Iraq and the transformation of European imperialism, while expanding the analytical lens through the incorporation of the colonial press. The transnational dimension of anti-colonial nationalism reveals the existence of a causal link between the evolution of British rule in India and the subsequent spread of anti-colonial nationalist sentiment into Mandatory Iraq. British officials viewed anti-colonial nationalism as an ideological contagion: if it emerged in the mandate territories it could spread elsewhere. At the front-lines of this process, the colonial press played an active role in reshaping the meaning of empire through its interactions with British officials, the Iraqi government, and the Iraqi public. Comparative analysis of the colonial press in India and Iraq reveals the agency of the colonized alongside British anxieties, while simultaneously shedding light on relations between British officials and their local intermediaries. INDEX WORDS: Mandatory Iraq, India, Transnational, Imperialism, Colonial Press, Nationalism, Agency, Comparative Analysis PROPAGANDA, STATE POWER AND THE PRESS IN THE POST-OTTOMAN MIDDLE EAST By Charles Sills B.A., Georgia State University, 2016 B.A., Georgia State University, 2016 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
    [Show full text]
  • Read Crown Paper 7
    Brandeis University Crown Center for Middle East Studies Crown Paper 7 July 2012 “Statisquo” British Use of Statistics in the Iraqi Kurdish Question (1919–1932) Fuat Dundar Crown Papers Editor Naghmeh Sohrabi Consulting Editor Robert L. Cohen Production Manager Benjamin Rostoker Editorial Board Abbas Milani Stanford University Marcus Noland Peterson Institute for International Economics William B. Quandt University of Virginia Philip Robins Oxford University Yezid Sayigh King’s College London Dror Ze’evi Ben Gurion University About the Crown Paper Series The Crown Papers are double-blind peer-reviewed monographs covering a wide range of scholarship on the Middle East, including works of history, economics, politics, and anthropology. The views expressed in these papers are those of the author exclusively, and do not reflect the official positions or policies of the Crown Center for Middle East Studies or Brandeis University. Copyright © 2012 Crown Center for Middle East Studies, Brandeis University. All rights reserved. Table of Contents Introduction 1 British Plebiscites in Iraq (1919–21) 10 Determining the Fate of Mosul Using Statistics (1922–24) 18 The Frontier Commission (1925): Determining the Mosul Population’s Wishes 26 Statistics in the Delineation of Kurdish Districts (1932) 34 Concluding Remarks 46 Endnotes 49 About the Author 62 Figure 1. Mosul and Its Districts in the 1930s Source: This map is drawn based on the ethnographic map, which was most likely prepared in 1931. See Records of Iraq, V.7, pp. 596–97. 1 Introduction In post-2003 Iraq, the Kurds have continuously appealed for territorial rights in the regions where they claim to be the majority and have demanded a quota in the Iraqi State apparatus.1 They have also passionately demanded a new census, which would include questions intended to assess inhabitants’ ethnicity and define their mother tongue and nationality.
    [Show full text]
  • LIONS and KINGS: the Transformation of Lions As an Index of Power in the Middle East
    INTLSTD 499 Honors Plan Natalie Salive LIONS AND KINGS: The Transformation of Lions as an Index of Power in the Middle East Natalie Salive Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the College of Literature, Science, & Arts at the University of Michigan in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts (International Studies with Honors) 2017 Thesis Committee: Doctor C. Jay Crisostomo Doctor Anthony Marcum ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: Lions and Kings: The Diachronic Transformation of Lions as an Index of Power in the Middle East Natalie Salive, Bachelor of Arts with Honors, 2017 Thesis directed by: Dr. C. Jay Crisostomo This thesis will analyze secondary sources about the usage of lions in the Middle East from around 3000 BCE to the present day. Images and examples will be analyzed along two semiotic dimensions-discourse and genre. Discourse refers to motifs and context, and genre refers to material aspects of the work. History, discourse, and genre will be used to make connections across time in order to present a unified theory on the transformation of lion use throughout time. Beginning in the Ancient Near East, the important functions, discourses, and motifs become illuminated. Lions are used for good, bad, and protective functions, and found in genres from seals to literature, and wall reliefs. Then, Cyrus the Great starts the Achaemenid Empire, and the Persians begin to dominate the Middle East. Discourses like the lion and the bull and lion hunt continued to be used across genres which came to include textiles, carpets, and more. In the Seventh Century CE, Islam sweeps across the Middle East, and the lion takes on new meaning associated with Ali ibn abi Talib.
    [Show full text]