Aerospace Facts and Figures

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Aerospace Facts and Figures AEROSPACE FACTS AND FIGURES uJ7f\Jl, COl:.AC9 l tD0:>2B 044[ C4( L2042B Ull2Co: ~ uG82B Cltt(A l tt3 0o2u 034Cu6, )2122 8 0003CLh 1971/72 TL 501 oA818 I 1971"'" 72 OSPACE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC. -=--___) COMPILED BY THE OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS Vice President for Public Affairs • Carlyle H. Jones Editor • Gerald J. McAllister Statistician • Sally H. Bath Consultant • Rudolf Modley Art Director • James J. Fisner PUBLISHED BY Aviation Week & Space Technology A MCGRAW·Hill JI'UBLICATION 330 West 42nd Street New York, N. Y. 10036 Library of Congress Card 46-25007 ~·~· Aerospace Industries Association, Inc., 1971 $3.95 Per Copy FOREWORD Major areas of activities in the aerospace industry continued their predicted decline during 1970. However, sales volume in 1970 was the fourth largest in the indus­ try's history and there are firm indications that the downward curve will be reversed. Basic economic measurements of the industry in 1970 include: • Sales in 1970 dropped to $24.8 billion compared with $26.1 bil­ lion in 1969 with most of the decline in sales of military aircraft and space vehicles. • Average employment fell from 1,354,000 persons in 1969 to 1,159,000 in 1970, and the decline has continued into 1971. Nevertheless, the aerospace industry remained the nation's largest manufacturing em- ployer. • Erosion continued in aerospace profits (as a percentage of sales after taxes) with 2.0 percent reported in 1970 compared with 3.1 percent in 1969. The 1970 aerospace profit ratio compares with 4.0 percent for all manufacturing industries. • Backlog of the industry dropped approximately $3.5 billion in 1970 from $28.3 billion reported at the end of 1969. • Aerospace exports were a major factor in maintaining the nation's precarious balance of trade dur~n.g 1970. For the seventh consecutive year, aerospace exports increased, nsmg from $3.1 billion in 1969 to a new record of $3.4 billion. The past year also marked the fourteenth consecu­ tive year that aerospace exports have exceeded $1 billion. The firm indications of an upturn in aerospace activities include: 2 • Space sales for 1970, which dropped from $4.3 billion in 1969 to $3 .6 billion in 1970, were largely due to the virtual completion of the hardware phase of the Apollo program. However, the space shuttle pro­ gram, a major step forward in economic space exploration, and the E arth resources program for unmanned satellites, are moving ahead. • Nonaerospace sales, which remained virtually the same over the 1969-70 period, <:fre expected to increase as the advanced technology gen­ erated by the aerospace industry enters an application phase to domestic and social problems. The industry is already heavily involved in transpor­ tation hardware work for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration. The broadening development of a marketplace fo r aerospace technology in socio-economic fi elds appears promising. • Obligational authority for aerospace products fro m two major cus­ tomers-DoD and NASA-are estim ated to increase $ 1 billion in Fiscal Year 1972 (compared with FY 1971) to a total of approximately $18 billion. This 1971 / 72 edition of Aerospace Facts and Figures represents an effort by the Aerospace Industries Association to furnish an insight into the basic economics of the industry. The industry's record in such fields as research, development, test and evaluation and production of its diverse products is reported. This nineteenth edition is aimed at serving as a standard reference work for administrators and managers in Government and industry, writers and editors, legislators and analysts and students. K ARL G. HARR, JR. President Aerospace Industries Association 3 CONTENTS PACE 5 AEROSPACE SUMMARY 23 AIRCRAFT PRODUCTION 43 MISSILE PROGRAMS 51 SPACE PROGRAMS 64 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 70 FOREIGN TRADE 85 MANPOWER 96 FINANCE 105 AIR TRANSPORTATION 124 GLOSSARY 127 INDEX 4 Aerospace Summary 0 Sales of the aerospace industry continued the predicted decline in 1970, dropping to approximately $24.8 billion compared with $26.1 bil­ lion in 1969. A sales peak of $29 billion was achieved in 1968. Bulk of the sales decline was in aircraft and space vehicle sales. Mis­ sile sales in 1970 registered an increase of about $300 million over 1969. Sales to the Department of Defense declined more than $1 billion while sales to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration dropped $350 million. Non-government sales gained approximately $235 million over 1969 and non-aerospace remained at the same level. Backlog of the industry dropped to $24.8 billion in 1970 from $28.3 billion in 1969. This is a decline of approximately $6 billion from the peak backlog of nearly $31 billion. ,The backlog reported for 1970 breaks 5 AEROSPACE FACTS AND FIGURES, 1971 / 72 down to $13.1 billion in U.S. Government orders and $ 11.7 billion in other orders, principally civil aircraft. Aerospace expenditures by the D epartment of D efense are estimated at $13.9 billion for Fiscal Year 1972 which compares with approximately $14 billion in FY 1971. Obligational authority for aerospace products and services for both DoD and NASA for FY 1972 are estimated at nearly $18 billion, an in­ crease of $1 billion over the FY 1971 estimate. Average employment for the aerospace industry during 1970 was down to 1,159,000 workers compared with 1,354,000 in the previous year. Average employment in all manufacturing industries for 1970 was 19,- 393,000 compared with 20,169,000 in 1969. Exports continued to be a bright spot in the aerospace business pic­ ture. A new high of $3.4 billion in exports was reached during 1970. This compares with $3.1 billion in 1969 and marks the fourteenth year that exports have exceeded $1 billion. AEROSPACE SALES (IN BILLIONS OF DOLLARS) 15.0 ~------~~---------L--------~~~------~~------~ 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 SOURCE: AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION 6 AEROSPACE SUMMARY AEROSPACE SALES AND THE NATIONAL EcoNOMY Calendar Years 1960 to Date (Dollar Figures in Billions) I I AEROSPACE SALES AS SALES OF PERCENT OF Year Total Ending Gross Manu- Decem- National Manufac- Durable Aero- factur- Dur- ber 31 Product turing Goods space GNP ing In- able Industries Industry Industry dustries Goods 1960 $503.7 $368.7 $189.5 $17.3 3.4 4.7 9.1 1961 520.1 370.7 186.5 18.0 3.5 4.9 9.7 1962 560.3 397.4 205.2 19.2 3.4 4.8 9.4 1963 590.5 420.4 219.0 20.1 3.4 4.8 9.2 1964 632.4 448.0 235.6 20.6 3.3 4.6 8.7 1965 684.9 492.0 266.6 20.7 3.0 4.2 7.8 1966 747.6 538.5 295.6 24.6 3.3 4.6 8.3 1967 793.5 548.5 299.7 27.3 3.4 5.0 9.1 1968 865.0' 603.7 331.0 29.0' 3.4 4.8 8.8 1969 931.4' 655.6 363.7 26.1' 2.8 4.0 7.2 1970 976.5 665.7 361.7 24.8 2.5 3.7 "6.9 • I I r Revised NOTE: The AlA estimate of Aerospace Industry sales is arrived at by adding 1. DoD expenditures for "procurement" of aircraft and missiles, 2. DoD ex_penditures for research, development, test and evalua­ tion for aircraft, missiles, and astronautics, 3. NASA expenditures for research and development, 4. AEC expenditures for sj)ace propulsion systems and space electric power development, 5. Net sales to customers other than U.S. Government by approximately 55 aerospace companies (adjusted to eliminate duplica­ tion by subcontracting) and 6. Non-aerospace sales reported by the approximately 55 aerospace com­ panies reporting to the Bureau of the Census. Source: Manufacturing and Durable Goods Industries; Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, "Manufacturers' Shipments, Inventories, and Orders, Series M-3" (Monthly). Gross National Product; Department of Commerce, "Survey of Current Businl!!'s," (Monthly). Aerospace: Aerospace Industries Association estimates, based on latest available information. During 1969, the International Air Transport Association reported that there were 3,999 aircraft in operation on "World civil airlines, and 75 percent of them were manufactured in the U.S. The profits of the aerospace industry (as a percentage of sales after taxes) continued to decline. In 1970, the percentage was 2.0 compared with 3.1 in 1969. The profit percentage for all manufacturing corporations, measured by the same formula, was 4.0 percent in 1970. 7 AEROSPACE FACTS AND FIGURES, 1971/72 EsTIMATim SALES OF THE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY, BY CusTOl\11-:R (Millions of Dollars) Calendar Years 1948 to Date I I I Aerospace Products and Services Non- Year aerospace Ending TOTAL Government Products December SALES I Non- and 31 govern- Services Department NASA ment of Defense and Other - I 1948 $ 1,493 $ 1,182 - s 177 $ 134 1949 2,232 1,802 - 230 200 1950 3,116 2,598 - 238 280 1951 6,264 5,353 - 347 564 1952 10,130 8,568 - 650 912 1953 12,459 10,604 i - 734 1,121 1954 12,807 10,832 - 822 1,153 1955 12,411 10,508 - 786 1,117 1956 13,946 11,525 - 1,166 1,255 1957 15,858 12,833 - 1,598 1,427 1958 16,065 13,246 $ 1 1,372 1,446 1959 16,640 13,171 130 1,841 1,498 1960 17,326 13,196 I 363 2,208 1,559 1961 17,997 13,871 630 1,876 1,620 1962 19,162 14,331 1,334 1,772 1,725 1963 20,134 14,191 2,628 1,485 1,830 1964 I 20,594 13,218 3,635 2,020 1,721 1965 20,670 11,396 4,490 2,816 1,968 1966 24,610 13,284 5,026 3,663 2,637 1967 27,267 15,855 4,201 4,632 2,579 1968T 28,959 16,573 3,920 I 5,917 I 2,549 1969T 26,126 15,771 3,314 4,342 2,699 1970 24,848 I 14,642 2,952 4,578 2,676 I I I I r Revised.
Recommended publications
  • Space Administration
    https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19700024651 2020-03-23T18:20:34+00:00Z TO THE CONGRESSOF THE UNITEDSTATES : Transmitted herewith is the Twenty-first Semiannual Repol* of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Twen~-first SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS JANUARY 1 - JUNE 30, 1969 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D. C. 20546 Editors: G. B. DeGennaro, H. H. Milton, W. E. Boardman, Office of Public Affairs; Art work: A. Jordan, T. L. Lindsey, Office of Organiza- tion and Management. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402-Price $1.25 THE PRESIDENT May 27,1970 The White House I submit this Twenty-First Semiannual Report of the National Aeronautics and Space Aldministration to you for transmitttal to Congress in accordance with section 206(a) of the National Aero- nautics and Space Act of 1958. It reports on aotivities which took place betiween January 1 and June 30, 1969. During this time, the Nation's space program moved forward on schedule. ApolIo 9 and 10 demonstrated the ability of ;the man- ned Lunar Module to operate in earth and lunar orbit and its 'eadi- ness to attempt the lunar landing. Unmanned observatory and ex- plorer class satellites carried on scientific studies of the regions surrounding the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun; a Biosatellite oarwing complex biological science experiment was orbited; and sophisticated weather satellites and advanced commercial com- munications spacecraft became operational. Advanced research projects expanded knowledge of space flighk and spacecraft engi- neering as well as of aeronautics.
    [Show full text]
  • Desind Finding
    NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE ARCHIVES Herbert Stephen Desind Collection Accession No. 1997-0014 NASM 9A00657 National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC Brian D. Nicklas © Smithsonian Institution, 2003 NASM Archives Desind Collection 1997-0014 Herbert Stephen Desind Collection 109 Cubic Feet, 305 Boxes Biographical Note Herbert Stephen Desind was a Washington, DC area native born on January 15, 1945, raised in Silver Spring, Maryland and educated at the University of Maryland. He obtained his BA degree in Communications at Maryland in 1967, and began working in the local public schools as a science teacher. At the time of his death, in October 1992, he was a high school teacher and a freelance writer/lecturer on spaceflight. Desind also was an avid model rocketeer, specializing in using the Estes Cineroc, a model rocket with an 8mm movie camera mounted in the nose. To many members of the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), he was known as “Mr. Cineroc.” His extensive requests worldwide for information and photographs of rocketry programs even led to a visit from FBI agents who asked him about the nature of his activities. Mr. Desind used the collection to support his writings in NAR publications, and his building scale model rockets for NAR competitions. Desind also used the material in the classroom, and in promoting model rocket clubs to foster an interest in spaceflight among his students. Desind entered the NASA Teacher in Space program in 1985, but it is not clear how far along his submission rose in the selection process. He was not a semi-finalist, although he had a strong application.
    [Show full text]
  • O51739533 1970.Pdf
    MAR 2 6 1971 A J NASA BUDGET ANALYSIS FY 1970 DATA PUBLICATIONS West Building - Washington National Airport Washington, D.C. 20001 (703) 684-8270 NASA Headquarters Library 300 E St. SW Rm. 1120 Washington, DC 20546 TABLE OF CONTENTS OUTLOOK.. *. 5 NEW RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS. 7 TENYEARGOALS. e . 10 TABLES Summary of Appropriations . 12 Summary of Appropriations (Adjusted). 13 Summary of Budget Plan by Appropriation by Budget Activity . - . 14 Budget Plan, Office of Manned Space Flight. e . * . 15 Budget Plan, Office of Space Science & Applications, Office of University Affairs. 16 Budget Plan, Office of Advanced Research and Technology Programs, Office of Tracking and Data Acquisition Programs, and Office of Technology Utilizatlon Program . 17,18 Number of Personnel Positions . 19 Research and Development - Program and Financing. 20-23 Summary of Research and Development Budget Plan by Cognizant Office. , . 24 Summary of Construction of Facilities Budget Plan by Locations. e . e e . 25 Research and Program Management - Program and Financing a . 26,27 Research and Program Management - Summary of Obligations by Installations. 28 NEW RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS . e . 29 PROGRAMS Apollo Program- .*.>.e./ 1 . 33 Space Flight Operations Program . I....... 40 Advanced Missions Program . I . 45 Physics and Astronomy Program . .......... 47 Lunar and Planetary Exploration Program . 52 Bioscience Program. , . - . I . 64 Space Applications Program. 70 Launch Vehicle Procurc>ment Program. e e . 79 Sustaining University Program . .I.... ..... 82 Basic Research Program. , a . .I ....... 86 Space Vehicles Systems Prc,yram. , LO..... 88 Electronic. Systtms Program. e . , - . 92 Human Factor Systems Program. ~ . 95 Space Power and Electric Propulsion Systems Program .
    [Show full text]
  • Propers Stumped by Plane Disaster
    Feared Dead in Pakistan SEE STORY BELOW Windy and Gbol Breezy, cool today. Ctttrtftg,- PVAL cold tonight. Sunny, cool to- Red Bank* Freehold morrow. Milder WedneKiay. Long Branch EDITION .UIlI. I Monmouth County's Home Newspaper for 92 Years VOL. 93, NO. 100 RED BANK, N. J., MONDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1970 24 PAGES TEN CENTS Propers Stumped by Plane Disaster HUNTINGTON, W.Va. Today and tomorrow were Calling the football players on target for a safe landing. '(AP) — Federal Investigators declared days of mourning on "beautiful young people," He added that the pilot never have found "no evidence of the Marshall campus and Moore said, "These young reported any trouble in con- any particular problem" with throughout the city. Public of- people were our lives and we versation with the Tri-State fices and schools were closed. had looked to them for a fu- control tower. Related stories page 2 A special FBI disaster team ture." Reed speculated that the pi- a jetliner in which all 75 per- began today the task of iden- Michale Gant, president of lot, descending through cloud sons aboard, including most tifying the charred remains of the Marshall student body, cover estimated at 300 feet, of the Marshall University the 75 victims, brought to a said haltingly, "Something is might not have seen the football team, died in a fiery temporary morgue . estab- missing and we feel It very ridge, which was not marked weekend crash. lished in an airport hangar. deeply." by warning lights. "This town is dead," was At a makeshift Infirmary •He said it was three sec- This was reported yester- onds from the time when the day by John D.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-77300-3
    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-77300-3 — The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Space Fernand Verger , Isabelle Sourbès-Verger , Raymond Ghirardi , With contributions by Xavier Pasco , Foreword by John M. Logsdon , Translated by Stephen Lyle , Paul Reilly Index More Information Index Bold face entries refer to figures and figure Advanced Land Imager (ALI) 169, 232, 237 Agila 54, 297, 315 captions. resolution 274 chronology 291 Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS) 163, position 291 169, 270 spectral bands 289 A sensors 232, 237, 270, 274 AGN AAD VSAR 237, 274 see active galactic nucleus see Acquisition, Archiving and Distribution Advanced Land Remote Sensing System (ALRSS) agriculture 241 AATSR 252 Airborne Laser (ABL) 356, 358 see Advanced Along Track Scanning Advanced Landsat 252 air braking 174, 204 Radiometer Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer Air Density Explorer (ADE) 170 ABL (AMSR) 174, 262 Air Launch Aerospace Corporation 111, 126, 128 see Airborne Laser Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) 174 AIRS ABM METOP 243 see Atmospheric Infrared Sounder see antiballistic missile systems Advanced Orion 54 Akebono 175, 176, 177, 178, 178 ABM Treaty (1972) 355 Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Akjuit Aerospace Company 104, 110 accidents in space 48–49, 195, 362–363 Astrophysics (ASCA) 186 Alaska Aerospace Development Corp. 134 ACE Advanced Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV) 156, Alcantara space base 104, 108, 110, 157 see Advanced Composition Explorer 157 Alcatel Space 94, 294, 305, 308 see Atmospheric Chemistry Explorer payload
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence Report
    Evidence Report: Risk of Impaired Control of Spacecraft/Associated Systems and Decreased Mobility Due to Vestibular/Sensorimotor Alterations Associated with Space flight Approved for Public Release: June 6, 2016 Human Research Program Human Health Countermeasures Element National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Houston, Texas 1 CURRENT CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS: Jacob J. Bloomberg NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX Millard F. Reschke NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX Gilles R. Clément Wyle Science Technology & Engineering Group, Houston, TX Ajitkumar P. Mulavara Universities Space Research Association, Houston, TX Laura C. Taylor Wyle Science Technology & Engineering Group, Houston, TX PREVIOUS CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS: William H. Paloski NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX Charles M. Oman Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Scott J. Wood Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA Deborah L. Harm NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX Brian T. Peters Wyle Science Technology & Engineering Group, Houston, TX James P. Locke NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX Leland S. Stone NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. PRD RISK TITLE: RISK OF IMPAIRED CONTROL OF SPACECRAFT/ASSOCIATED SYSTEMS AND DECREASED MOBILITY DUE TO VESTIBULAR/SENSORIMOTOR ALTERATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SPACE FLIGHT................................................................................... 7 II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • NASA Is Not Archiving All Potentially Valuable Data
    ‘“L, United States General Acchunting Office \ Report to the Chairman, Committee on Science, Space and Technology, House of Representatives November 1990 SPACE OPERATIONS NASA Is Not Archiving All Potentially Valuable Data GAO/IMTEC-91-3 Information Management and Technology Division B-240427 November 2,199O The Honorable Robert A. Roe Chairman, Committee on Science, Space, and Technology House of Representatives Dear Mr. Chairman: On March 2, 1990, we reported on how well the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) managed, stored, and archived space science data from past missions. This present report, as agreed with your office, discusses other data management issues, including (1) whether NASA is archiving its most valuable data, and (2) the extent to which a mechanism exists for obtaining input from the scientific community on what types of space science data should be archived. As arranged with your office, unless you publicly announce the contents of this report earlier, we plan no further distribution until 30 days from the date of this letter. We will then give copies to appropriate congressional committees, the Administrator of NASA, and other interested parties upon request. This work was performed under the direction of Samuel W. Howlin, Director for Defense and Security Information Systems, who can be reached at (202) 275-4649. Other major contributors are listed in appendix IX. Sincerely yours, Ralph V. Carlone Assistant Comptroller General Executive Summary The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is respon- Purpose sible for space exploration and for managing, archiving, and dissemi- nating space science data. Since 1958, NASA has spent billions on its space science programs and successfully launched over 260 scientific missions.
    [Show full text]
  • November 2018
    Page 1 Monthly Newsletter of the Durban Centre - November 2018 Page 2 Table Of Contents Chairman’s Chatter …...…………………….…...….………....….….… 3 A Speedy Little Double Star In Ophiuchus ………....…….………….. 4 At The Eyepiece ……………...……….…………………….….….….... 7 The Cover Image - Sagittarius Star Cloud …….........………...……... 9 Animals In Space ……...…………...……..……….……..………….… 10 Chinese Astronomy …………..………...……………….....……….… 17 The Month Ahead ………………………………………..…….………. 28 Minutes Of The Previous Meeting ……………...……………………. 29 Members Moments …………………………………….……………… 30 Public Viewing Roster …………………………….………...…...……. 30 Pre-loved Astronomical Equipment ....…………...….…….........…… 31 Angus Burns - Newcastle, KZN Member Submissions Disclaimer: The views expressed in ‘nDaba are solely those of the writer and are not necessarily the views of the Durban Centre, nor the Editor. All images and content is the work of the respective copyright owner Page 3 Chairman’s Chatter By Piet Strauss Dear Members, I could unfortunately not be present at our meeting on 10 October, but gather that Nino Wunderlin’s talk on “Rocket Propulsion” was most interesting. The Winterton Star Party is planned for Saturday 4 November and please remember the daytime “Wagtail” event on 10 November. The course on Basic Astronomy will be held during March/April next year. Non-members are also welcome but ASSA members will get a discount on the course fees. The Astrophotography course curriculum and presenters will be finalised shortly. We have so far not had a good response from members paying their annual membership fees, but appreciate those who did. We appeal to those who have not done so to please pay. If you do not, you cannot enjoy the benefits that members get. These include: The Monthly ‘nDaba newsletter Free dinner at the December meeting A low price Sky Guide Discounts on Courses Exciting Outings with your fellow members I would also like to thank John Visser for fixing a couple of telescopes for a school and in so doing attracted a reasonably good donation to our Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Animals in Space: from Research Rockets to the Space Shuttle (Springer Praxis)
    Animals in Space From Research Rockets to the Space Shuttle Colin Burgess and Chris Dubbs Animals in Space From Research Rockets to the Space Shuttle Published in association with PPraxisraxis PPublishiublishingng Chichester, UK Mr Colin Burgess, BIS Bonnet Bay New South Wales Australia Mr Chris Dubbs Edinboro Pennsylvania USA SPRINGER±PRAXIS BOOKS IN SPACE EXPLORATION SUBJECT ADVISORY EDITOR: John Mason, M.Sc., B.Sc., Ph.D. ISBN 10: 0-387-36053-0 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer is part of Springer-Science + Business Media (springer.com) Library of Congress Control Number: 2006937358 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. # Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2007 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a speci®c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Jim Wilkie Project management: Originator Publishing Services, Gt Yarmouth, Norfolk, UK Printed on acid-free paper Contents Authors' preface ....................................... xvii Acknowledgements...................................... xxiii Foreword............................................ xxv List of ®gures ........................................ xxxi List of abbreviations and acronyms ...........................xxxvii Prologue ...........................................
    [Show full text]
  • John F. Kennedy Space Center
    https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19730024175 2020-03-23T00:36:47+00:00Z GP-589 Revised July 1973 JOHN F. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER (NASA-TM-X-69523) A SELECTIVE LIST OF N73-32908 ACRONIHS AND ABBREVIATIONS (NASA) 205 p HC $12.25 CSCL 05B Unclas G3/34 18468 A SELECTIVE LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS Compiled by THE DOCUMENTS DEPARTMENT KENNEDY SPACE CENTER LIBRARY Reproduced by NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE US Department of Commerce Springfield, VA. 22151 NASA-PAFB APR/70 N73-32908 A SELECTIVE LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS July 1973 DISTRIBUTED BY: KKn National Technical Information Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield Va. 22151 NOTICE THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED FROM THE BEST COPY FURNISHED US BY THE SPONSORING AGENCY. ALTHOUGH IT IS RECOGNIZED THAT CER- TAIN PORTIONS ARE ILLEGIBLE, IT IS BEING RE- LEASED IN THE INTEREST OF MAKING AVAILABLE AS MUCH INFORMATION AS POSSIBLE. July 1973 JOHN F. KENNEDY SPACE CENTER, NASA GP-589 Revised A SELECTIVE LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS KENNEDY SPACE CENTER LIBRARY APPROVAL (Mrs.)L.^. RusselT KSC Librarian . Date__—« bjA. —J. J7J17___ 3 PREFACE The Documents Department of the KSC Library has frequently been asked if there were available any number of lists con- taining acronyms, abbreviations, initials, code words and phrases generally used at the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC). After a careful search, only KSC GP-334, KSC Scheduling Abbreviation Glossary, was found. Therefore, to meet the need of the KSC Community, the Documents Department prepared KSC GP-589, the first selective list of - acronyms and abbreviations, with the issue date of October 28, 1969.
    [Show full text]
  • MULTISTAGE, MULTIBAND and SEQUENTIAL IMAGERY to IDENTIFY and QUANTIFY NON-FOREST VEGETATION RESOURCES By
    This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS IN FORESTRY MULTISTAGE, MULTIBAND AND SEQUENTIAL IMAGERY TO IDENTIFY AND QUANTIFY NON-FOREST VEGETATION RESOURCES by Richard S. Driscoll Richard E. Francis Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture Final Report 30 September 1972 A report of research performed under the auspices of the Forestry Remote Sensing Laboratory, School of Forestry and Conservation University of California Berkeley, California A CoordinationTask Carried Out in Cooperation with , The Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture For EARTH RESOURCES SURVEY PROGRAM OFFICE OF SPACE SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION r I PREFACE On October 1, 1965, a cooperative agreement was signed between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) authorizing research to be undertaken in remote sensing as related to Agriculture, Forestry and Range Manage- ment Under funding provided by the Supporting Research and Technology (SR&T) program of NASA, Contract No. R-09-038-002. USDA designated the Forest SerVice to monitor and provide grants to forestry and range management research workers. All such studies were administered by the Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station in Berkeley, California in cooperation with the Forestry Remote Sensing Laboratory of the University.of California at Berkeley. Professor Robert N. Colwell of the University of California at Berkeley was designated coordinator of these research studies. Forest and range research studies were funded either directly with the Forest Service or by Memoranda of Agreement with cooperating univer- sities.
    [Show full text]
  • November 2020
    FORECAST OF UPCOMING ANNIVERSARIES -- NOVEMBER 2020 85 Years Ago - 1935 November 11: Captains Stevens and Anderson, U.S. Army Air Corps, reached an altitude of 14 miles (74,000 feet) in stratospheric balloon Explorer II; take-off was at Rapid City, SD, and landing eight hours and 12 minutes later 340 miles away near Aurora, NE. 65 Years Ago - 1955 November 18: First powered flight of Bell X-2, piloted by Lt. Col. Frank Everest, Edwards AFB, CA. 60 Years Ago - 1960 November 3: Explorer 8 launched by Juno II, 12:23 a.m., EST, Cape Canaveral, Fla. November 8: Little Joe V failed, 10:18 a.m., EST, Wallops Flight Facility (WFF), VA. November 21: Mercury-Redstone (MR-1) failed, 8:00 a.m., Cape Canaveral, Fla. November 23: Tiros 2 launched by Thor Delta, 6:13 a.m., EST, Vandenberg AFB, CA. 55 Years Ago - 1965 November 6: GEOS 1 (Explorer 29) orbited by a Delta, 1:39 p.m., EST, Cape Canaveral, Fla. November16: Venera 3 crash-landed on Venus and became first spacecraft to reach another planet. November 18: Explorer 30 (Solar Explorer A) launched by a Scout, 11:48 p.m., EST, Wallops Flight Facility (WFF), VA. November 26: Asterix 1 Launch (France's 1st Satellite). First satellite to be launched by a nation other than the US and the USSR with the use of its own launch vehicle (Diamant A from Hammaguir, Algeria). November 29: Explorer 31, a small ionospheric observatory, was launched by Thor-Agena B from Vandenberg AFB, CA, 11:48 p.m., EST.
    [Show full text]