MAR 2 6 1971 A J NASA BUDGET ANALYSIS FY 1970 DATA PUBLICATIONS West Building - Washington National Airport Washington, D.C. 20001 (703) 684-8270 NASA Headquarters Library 300 E St. SW Rm. 1120 Washington, DC 20546 TABLE OF CONTENTS OUTLOOK.. *. 5 NEW RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS. 7 TENYEARGOALS. e . 10 TABLES Summary of Appropriations . 12 Summary of Appropriations (Adjusted). 13 Summary of Budget Plan by Appropriation by Budget Activity . - . 14 Budget Plan, Office of Manned Space Flight. e . * . 15 Budget Plan, Office of Space Science & Applications, Office of University Affairs. 16 Budget Plan, Office of Advanced Research and Technology Programs, Office of Tracking and Data Acquisition Programs, and Office of Technology Utilizatlon Program . 17,18 Number of Personnel Positions . 19 Research and Development - Program and Financing. 20-23 Summary of Research and Development Budget Plan by Cognizant Office. , . 24 Summary of Construction of Facilities Budget Plan by Locations. e . e e . 25 Research and Program Management - Program and Financing a . 26,27 Research and Program Management - Summary of Obligations by Installations. 28 NEW RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS . e . 29 PROGRAMS Apollo Program- .*.>.e./ 1 . 33 Space Flight Operations Program . I....... 40 Advanced Missions Program . I . 45 Physics and Astronomy Program . .......... 47 Lunar and Planetary Exploration Program . 52 Bioscience Program. , . - . I . 64 Space Applications Program. 70 Launch Vehicle Procurc>ment Program. e e . 79 Sustaining University Program . .I.... ..... 82 Basic Research Program. , a . .I ....... 86 Space Vehicles Systems Prc,yram. , LO..... 88 Electronic. Systtms Program. e . , - . 92 Human Factor Systems Program. ~ . 95 Space Power and Electric Propulsion Systems Program . 98 Nuclear Rockets Program ~ . I . 102 Chemical I’ropulsion Program . .. .. 104 Aeronautical Vehicles Program . 107 Tracking and Data Acquisition Program . 114 Technoloyy Utilization Program. a . I . 117 a1 NATIONAL AERQNAU'TTTCS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION FISCAL YEAR 1970 BUDGET REQUEST OUTLOOK The NASA FY 1970 Budget arrests the steady downward trend of NASA budgets in the past several years and is designed to pro- vide NASA with the same total program level -En FY 1.970 as It was allowed in its reduced FY J969 operatlng plans, even though the authorizatlon request before Congress shows an apparent decrease. For FY 1969, the total appropriated by Congress was $3,995 million, Under the requlrements of the Revenue and Expenditure Control Act last year, the President withheld $11'7 milllon, leaving NASA with a FY 1969 operating plan of $3,878 billion, including provlslon for the cavil service pay increases becoming effective during the year, For FY 1970, President ,JohnsonLsdecision was to provide NASA the same program level as in the final FY 1969 operating plan -- $3,878 mi.llion, The $117 milllon withheld in FY 1969 is "no-year funds" which can be applied to NASA's FY 1970 re- quirements without further Congresslonal action, Thus, the FY 1970 authorization and approprlatlon requests now before Congress total only $3,761 million, $117 milllon less than the $3,878 million program level the Budget recommends, Thls then is $3,168,900,000 for Research and Development (including the $117,473e000 of the FY 1969 appropsiatlon); $58,200,000 for Construction of Facilitres, and $650,900 000 for Research and Program Management j) Dr. Thomas 0, Palnew head of NASA, has characterized the FY 1970 Budget as a "holding" budget that provldes for progress, but defers critical and program funding decisions to the Nixon -5- a i Administration. NASA's FY 1969 Operating Budget was $762 million below FY 1968 and over one billion dollars below FY 1967. During this same period total nationwide employment on NASA work de- creased from an earlier peak of approximately 420,000 to 270,000 at the end of FY 1968, to about 215,000 at the end of FY 1969, and, under the FY 1970 Budget to about 190,000. The reduction of the NASA civil service during the same period placed a difficult burden on its program management, coming during the period of intense preparations to support the heavy schedule for manned space flight. It has not been easy to maintain a strong forward-thrusting program under these conditions and the problem has been com- pounded by the uncertainties on the funding level and future goals of the program. In recent years, the budgets submitted by the President and the funding levels finally approved have required deferral wher- ever possible of programs pointed at major new objectives. To maintain some momentum and preserve important options, NASA had to take uneconomical actions to defer programs, curtail scope and value of projects, stretch-out schedules, and reduce planning and preliminary design and development work on future programs. Virtually all of the $3,878 million requested for FY 1970 is required for the necessary costs of continuing in FY 1970 projects and programs approved and begun in previous years. These include the Apollo program, the limited Apollo Applications program which NASA finally was able to undertake within its reduced FY 1969 operating plan, the Titan-Mars 1973 program - now called "Viking" - which was also approved last year, and other lesser programs. -6- NEW RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS To carry forward previously approved programs in FY 1970 will require about $3.8 billion, The remainder of NASA's re- quest, about $70 million, is for prev-Lously anticipated extensions of some of its continuing space science and applications programs, such as a Mariner-Mercury 1973 mission and the synchronous meteorological satellite, and for starting three principal new programs or major developments They are: 1. The Earth Resources Technology Satellite Proqram - NASA has secured approval in this budget to move ahead with the actual development of experimental Earth Resources Technology Satellites now designated ERTS A and B. If this budget recommen- dation 1s approved by the Congress, NASA will be able to begin satellite testing of multi-spectral television systems which will enable experimenters in the several government agencles and universities cooperating in our program to assess experimentally the value of space-collected data in the study and understanding of a variety of earth resources. For many years NASA and the Departments of Interior, Agriculture, Commerce and other agencies have been enthusiastic about the great potential value of data that can be collected from space, Hitherto, NASA has been limited by budgetary constraints to experimentation on the ground and from aircraft, sensor develop- ment, and studies of satellite systems. This work has progressed to the point where NASA is now ready, if this budget recommenda- tion is approved, to carry out work from space whrch wlll enable it and the cooperating "user" agencies to assess with hard ex- perimental evidence the utility of earth resource data collected by satellites and begin to develop plans and systems for utilizing such data in their operations, ERTS A and B correspond to the - 7- first experimental meteorologlcal satellites and should have the same revolutionary impact on the many disciplines in the earth resource field as the original TIROS experiments had in the field of meteorology and weather forecastlng. 2, NERVA Fliqht Weiqht Enqine Development - A reduced budget level for FY 1969 prevented NASA from beginning develop- ment of the NERVA flight weight nuclear engine. Initiation of this development has now been approved in the FY 1970 Budget. By the end of FY 1969, Paine says NASA will have reached the point beyond which it would be impractical, from a technical or pro- gram standpoint, to proceed with further preliminary development and test work on the NERVA engine without a clear decision to proceed wlth actual development of the flight. weight engine. This is NASA's longest-term future major technological development effortI 3, Planetary Explorers - The third new program in the FY 1970 Budget calls for the start of a series of small "planetary ex- plorers.8' On flights to Venus starting in 1972 and later to Mars, they will supplement the more detailed and comprehensive data gathered by NASAns larger and more costly Marlner-class missions. NASA feels that in the field of planetary exploration, as in the scientific exploration of space around the earth, the greatest progress can be made at the least cost through a balance of small relatively unsophisticated satellites and larger more expensive spacecraft with sensors and instruments embodying the most ad- vanced technology available, In all other respects, the FY 1970 Budget must be regarded as a "holding" budget which does not set and support new goals for the nationOs space program to replace those achieved or which the nation is now close to achieving in the first decade -8- of space This is especially true in the area of manned space flight. NASA has felt and expressed the need for several years now for clear decisions and support for future manned space flight ob- jectives, believing that it is clear that the future goals in a balanced manned space flight program lie in two directions: One, continued exploration of the moon; and two in the develop- ment and utilization of a permanent manned space station in earth orbit. In his decisions on the NASA FY 1970 Budget, President John- son specifically deferred to President Nixon’s Administration decisions on both of these goals and on the initiation of