Calendrical Calculations: the Millennium Edition Edward M
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The Surrender Software
Scientific image rendering for space scenes with the SurRender software Scientific image rendering for space scenes with the SurRender software R. Brochard, J. Lebreton*, C. Robin, K. Kanani, G. Jonniaux, A. Masson, N. Despré, A. Berjaoui Airbus Defence and Space, 31 rue des Cosmonautes, 31402 Toulouse Cedex, France [email protected] *Corresponding Author Abstract The autonomy of spacecrafts can advantageously be enhanced by vision-based navigation (VBN) techniques. Applications range from manoeuvers around Solar System objects and landing on planetary surfaces, to in -orbit servicing or space debris removal, and even ground imaging. The development and validation of VBN algorithms for space exploration missions relies on the availability of physically accurate relevant images. Yet archival data from past missions can rarely serve this purpose and acquiring new data is often costly. Airbus has developed the image rendering software SurRender, which addresses the specific challenges of realistic image simulation with high level of representativeness for space scenes. In this paper we introduce the software SurRender and how its unique capabilities have proved successful for a variety of applications. Images are rendered by raytracing, which implements the physical principles of geometrical light propagation. Images are rendered in physical units using a macroscopic instrument model and scene objects reflectance functions. It is specially optimized for space scenes, with huge distances between objects and scenes up to Solar System size. Raytracing conveniently tackles some important effects for VBN algorithms: image quality, eclipses, secondary illumination, subpixel limb imaging, etc. From a user standpoint, a simulation is easily setup using the available interfaces (MATLAB/Simulink, Python, and more) by specifying the position of the bodies (Sun, planets, satellites, …) over time, complex 3D shapes and material surface properties, before positioning the camera. -
Report Resumes
REPORT RESUMES ED 019 218 88 SE 004 494 A RESOURCE BOOK OF AEROSPACE ACTIVITIES, K-6. LINCOLN PUBLIC SCHOOLS, NEBR. PUB DATE 67 EDRS PRICEMF.41.00 HC-S10.48 260P. DESCRIPTORS- *ELEMENTARY SCHOOL SCIENCE, *PHYSICAL SCIENCES, *TEACHING GUIDES, *SECONDARY SCHOOL SCIENCE, *SCIENCE ACTIVITIES, ASTRONOMY, BIOGRAPHIES, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, FILMS, FILMSTRIPS, FIELD TRIPS, SCIENCE HISTORY, VOCABULARY, THIS RESOURCE BOOK OF ACTIVITIES WAS WRITTEN FOR TEACHERS OF GRADES K-6, TO HELP THEM INTEGRATE AEROSPACE SCIENCE WITH THE REGULAR LEARNING EXPERIENCES OF THE CLASSROOM. SUGGESTIONS ARE MADE FOR INTRODUCING AEROSPACE CONCEPTS INTO THE VARIOUS SUBJECT FIELDS SUCH AS LANGUAGE ARTS, MATHEMATICS, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SOCIAL STUDIES, AND OTHERS. SUBJECT CATEGORIES ARE (1) DEVELOPMENT OF FLIGHT, (2) PIONEERS OF THE AIR (BIOGRAPHY),(3) ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES,(4) MANNED SPACE FLIGHT,(5) THE VASTNESS OF SPACE, AND (6) FUTURE SPACE VENTURES. SUGGESTIONS ARE MADE THROUGHOUT FOR USING THE MATERIAL AND THEMES FOR DEVELOPING INTEREST IN THE REGULAR LEARNING EXPERIENCES BY INVOLVING STUDENTS IN AEROSPACE ACTIVITIES. INCLUDED ARE LISTS OF SOURCES OF INFORMATION SUCH AS (1) BOOKS,(2) PAMPHLETS, (3) FILMS,(4) FILMSTRIPS,(5) MAGAZINE ARTICLES,(6) CHARTS, AND (7) MODELS. GRADE LEVEL APPROPRIATENESS OF THESE MATERIALSIS INDICATED. (DH) 4:14.1,-) 1783 1490 ,r- 6e tt*.___.Vhf 1842 1869 LINCOLN PUBLICSCHOOLS A RESOURCEBOOK OF AEROSPACEACTIVITIES U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION K-6) THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. 1919 O O Vj A PROJECT FUNDED UNDER TITLE HIELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ACT A RESOURCE BOOK OF AEROSPACE ACTIVITIES (K-6) The work presentedor reported herein was performed pursuant to a Grant from the U. -
In the Name of Krishna: the Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town
In the Name of Krishna: The Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Sugata Ray IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Frederick M. Asher, Advisor April 2012 © Sugata Ray 2012 Acknowledgements They say writing a dissertation is a lonely and arduous task. But, I am fortunate to have found friends, colleagues, and mentors who have inspired me to make this laborious task far from arduous. It was Frederick M. Asher, my advisor, who inspired me to turn to places where art historians do not usually venture. The temple city of Khajuraho is not just the exquisite 11th-century temples at the site. Rather, the 11th-century temples are part of a larger visuality that extends to contemporary civic monuments in the city center, Rick suggested in the first class that I took with him. I learnt to move across time and space. To understand modern Vrindavan, one would have to look at its Mughal past; to understand temple architecture, one would have to look for rebellions in the colonial archive. Catherine B. Asher gave me the gift of the Mughal world – a world that I only barely knew before I met her. Today, I speak of the Islamicate world of colonial Vrindavan. Cathy walked me through Mughal mosques, tombs, and gardens on many cold wintry days in Minneapolis and on a hot summer day in Sasaram, Bihar. The Islamicate Krishna in my dissertation thus came into being. -
1 Practical Rendezvous Scenario For
PRACTICAL RENDEZVOUS SCENARIO FOR TRANSPORTATION MISSIONS TO CIS-LUNAR STATION IN EARTH–MOON L2 HALO ORBIT Naomi Murakami(1), Satoshi Ueda(1), Toshinori Ikenaga(1), Maki Maeda(1), Toru Yamamoto(1), and Hitoshi Ikeda(1) (1)Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8505, Japan (1)+81-50-3362-3725, [email protected] Abstract: Plans to establish a new international space station in the vicinity of the Moon have drawn attention as a potential gateway for future missions. Assuming that such a station will be constructed, various rendezvous missions will be performed, including logistics flight and crew transportation missions. In the low Earth orbit (LEO), many logistics flight missions have been performed, such as the H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV) and the Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) missions for the International Space Station (ISS), and rendezvous operation technology has been well established. However, in cis-lunar orbits, the dynamics of relative motion are different from those in LEOs, and the GPS- based navigation scheme, which is the key navigation method in LEO rendezvous missions, cannot be applied. Hence, a different type of rendezvous scheme is necessary for application to rendezvous missions in cis-lunar orbits. In this study, we suggest a practical rendezvous scenario for logistics flight missions to the future cis-lunar space station in the Earth–Moon L2 halo orbit and clarify the problems and requirements regarding guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C) for cis-lunar rendezvous. Keywords: Rendezvous, Cis-lunar station, Earth–Moon L2 halo, GN&C. 1. Introduction The updated Global Exploration Roadmap delivered by the International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG) outlines strategies for human and robotic exploration to the Moon, asteroids, and Mars [1]. -
Project Selene: AIAA Lunar Base Camp
Project Selene: AIAA Lunar Base Camp AIAA Space Mission System 2019-2020 Virginia Tech Aerospace Engineering Faculty Advisor : Dr. Kevin Shinpaugh Team Members : Olivia Arthur, Bobby Aselford, Michel Becker, Patrick Crandall, Heidi Engebreth, Maedini Jayaprakash, Logan Lark, Nico Ortiz, Matthew Pieczynski, Brendan Ventura Member AIAA Number Member AIAA Number And Signature And Signature Faculty Advisor 25807 Dr. Kevin Shinpaugh Brendan Ventura 1109196 Matthew Pieczynski 936900 Team Lead/Operations Logan Lark 902106 Heidi Engebreth 1109232 Structures & Environment Patrick Crandall 1109193 Olivia Arthur 999589 Power & Thermal Maedini Jayaprakash 1085663 Robert Aselford 1109195 CCDH/Operations Michel Becker 1109194 Nico Ortiz 1109533 Attitude, Trajectory, Orbits and Launch Vehicles Contents 1 Symbols and Acronyms 8 2 Executive Summary 9 3 Preface and Introduction 13 3.1 Project Management . 13 3.2 Problem Definition . 14 3.2.1 Background and Motivation . 14 3.2.2 RFP and Description . 14 3.2.3 Project Scope . 15 3.2.4 Disciplines . 15 3.2.5 Societal Sectors . 15 3.2.6 Assumptions . 16 3.2.7 Relevant Capital and Resources . 16 4 Value System Design 17 4.1 Introduction . 17 4.2 Analytical Hierarchical Process . 17 4.2.1 Longevity . 18 4.2.2 Expandability . 19 4.2.3 Scientific Return . 19 4.2.4 Risk . 20 4.2.5 Cost . 21 5 Initial Concept of Operations 21 5.1 Orbital Analysis . 22 5.2 Launch Vehicles . 22 6 Habitat Location 25 6.1 Introduction . 25 6.2 Region Selection . 25 6.3 Locations of Interest . 26 6.4 Eliminated Locations . 26 6.5 Remaining Locations . 27 6.6 Chosen Location . -
Lunar Station Protection: Lunar Regolith Shielding
Lunar Station Protection: Lunar Regolith Shielding By Nancy J. Lindsey, LMTO Suite 200, 7474 Greenway Center Drive, Greenbelt, MD 20770 International Lunar Conference 2003 Session 5: Science Of, From and On the Moon: Life Sciences and Habitation Hawaii Island, Hawaii ABSTRACT The Moon’s environment consists of a combination of atmospheric, thermal, meteoroids, radiation, magnetic field, and gravitational field mechanisms. However, shielding can only be used to protect a lunar station and its inhabitants from the effects of the thermal, radiation, and meteoroid mechanisms. This paper provides an evaluation the effectiveness of the in-situ resource, lunar regolith, to mitigate the effects of the lunar environment on lunar station and its inhabitants when used as a shield. It includes a lunar environmental human life threat assessment, calculates regolith required for crew protection, and provides a regolith usage viability summary showing how lunar regolith should be viewed as a viable and effective in-situ life support system resource today, due to its shielding properties, and in the future, due to its O2 generating and heat storage potential as well as its shielding properties. BACKGROUND Lunar Environmental Details The Moon’s environment consists of a combination of atmospheric, thermal, meteoroids, radiation, magnetic field, and gravitational field mechanisms. However, lunar regolith can only be used to shield a lunar station and its inhabitants from the effects of the thermal, radiation, and meteoroid mechanisms. Therefore only the magnitude of each of these environmental mechanisms on the Moon is detailed in the following sections, thereby establishing a reference environment for human risk and regolith protection effectiveness determination. -
Culture Box Aims to Provide Resources for Approaching Mexico in a Multidisciplinary Way, Featuring Items That Tell Stories of Mexico’S Past and Present
MEXICO INTRODUCTION: Mexico is the large country that shares a common border with the United States about 2,000 miles long. Ancient ruins such as Teotihuacan (Aztec) and Chichen Itza (Mayan) are scattered throughout the country. This culture box aims to provide resources for approaching Mexico in a multidisciplinary way, featuring items that tell stories of Mexico’s past and present. WHAT THIS BOX INCLUDES: 1. Copper Plate 2. Mexican Peso, Woven Coin Purse 3. Miniature Tamale 4. Miniature Indigenous Women 5. Game – Loteria (2) 6. Muñeca Maria 7. Spanish Vocabulary Cards 8. La Virgen de Guadalupe 9. Oaxacan Crafted Turtle 10. Clay Pendants 11. Aztec Calendar 12. Tablitas Mágicas 13. Maracas 14. Spin Drum Culture Box: Mexico COPPER PLATE DESCRIPTION This copper plate features the Aztec calendar. This sort of plate is sold in gift shops and can be used as decoration. The Aztec calendar is the system that was used by Pre-Columbian people of Central Mexico, and is still used by Nahuatl speaking people today. There are two types of Aztec calendars: the sacred calendar with 260 days (tonalpohualli in Nahuatl); and the agricultural calendar with 365 days (xiuhpohualli in Nahuatl). The tonalpohualli is regarded as the sacred calendar because it divides the days and rituals between the Aztec gods. According to the Aztecs, the universe is very delicate and equilibrium is in constant danger of being disrupted, and the calendar tells how time is divided between the gods. Culture Box: Mexico MEXICAN PESO, COIN PURSE DESCRIPTION The Mexican Peso is one of the oldest currencies in North America. -
Selling Mexico: Race, Gender, and American Influence in Cancún, 1970-2000
© Copyright by Tracy A. Butler May, 2016 SELLING MEXICO: RACE, GENDER, AND AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CANCÚN, 1970-2000 _______________ A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Tracy A. Butler May, 2016 ii SELLING MEXICO: RACE, GENDER, AND AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CANCÚN, 1970-2000 _________________________ Tracy A. Butler APPROVED: _________________________ Thomas F. O’Brien Ph.D. Committee Chair _________________________ John Mason Hart, Ph.D. _________________________ Susan Kellogg, Ph.D. _________________________ Jason Ruiz, Ph.D. American Studies, University of Notre Dame _________________________ Steven G. Craig, Ph.D. Interim Dean, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences Department of Economics iii SELLING MEXICO: RACE, GENDER, AND AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CANCÚN, 1970-2000 _______________ An Abstract of a Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Tracy A. Butler May, 2016 iv ABSTRACT Selling Mexico highlights the importance of Cancún, Mexico‘s top international tourism resort, in modern Mexican history. It promotes a deeper understanding of Mexico‘s social, economic, and cultural history in the late twentieth century. In particular, this study focuses on the rise of mass middle-class tourism American tourism to Mexico between 1970 and 2000. It closely examines Cancún‘s central role in buttressing Mexico to its status as a regional tourism pioneer in the latter half of the twentieth century. More broadly, it also illuminates Mexico‘s leadership in tourism among countries in the Global South. -
The Climate of the Last Millennium
The Climate of the Last Millennium R.S. Bradley Climate System Research Center, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America K.R. Briffa Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom J.E. Cole Department of Geosciences, University Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States of America M.K. Hughes Lab. of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, 105 W. Stadium, Bldg. 58, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States of America T.J. Osborn Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom 6.1 Introduction records with annual to decadal resolution (or even We are living in unusual times. Twentieth century higher temporal resolution in the case of climate was dominated by near universal warming documentary records, which may include daily with almost all parts of the globe experiencing tem- observations, e.g. Brázdil et al. 1999; Pfister et al. peratures at the end of the century that were signifi- 1999a,b; van Engelen et al. 2001). Other cantly higher than when it began (Figure 6.1) information may be obtained from sources that are (Parker et al. 1994; Jones et al. 1999). However the not continuous in time, and that have less rigorous instrumental data provide only a limited temporal chronological control. Such sources include perspective on present climate. How unusual was geomorphological evidence (e.g. from former lake the last century when placed in the longer-term shorelines and glacier moraines) and macrofossils context of climate in the centuries and millennia that indicate the range of plant or animal species in leading up to the 20th century? Such a perspective the recent past. -
Northwestern University “Mise En Vie” and Intra-Culturalism: Performing
Northwestern University “Mise en vie ” and Intra-culturalism: Performing the Life of Black Migrants to Italy A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS For the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Field of Performance Studies By Raffaele Furno Evanston, Illinois December 2008 2 ABSTRACT “Mise en vie ” and Intra-culturalism: Performing the Life of Black Migrants to Italy Raffaele Furno The dissertation aims to explore the intersection between the artistic performance of blackness in contemporary Italian theater and the country’s social stigmatization of black immigrants as a problem or national emergency. I argue that Italians live in a state of “historic forgetfulness” since they have not been able to absorb the racist discourse strongly implemented during the fascist regime. Tracing “historic forgetfulness” as an implicit ideology within contemporary restrictive immigration laws, and in the mass media focus on the illegal aspects of the migratory phenomenon, I use performance as a methodology and category to analyze the world and individuate viable alternatives to Italy’s (un)welcoming reaction to African immigrants. Through archival research, interviews and participant observation, I follow the work of the Afro-Romagnole ensemble Teatro delle Albe. The Albe perceives theater as a tool to show the richness and endless possibilities contained in religious, linguistic, and cultural differences. The group’s productions raise doubts on any dichotomous separation between right and wrong, legal and illegal, white and black. Working on the specificity of each individual, the Albe brings ethnic background to what it should be: one element of the far more complicated personal identity that encompass gender, sexuality, education, personal experiences, emotions, aspirations, and more. -
Dan-Gun Dan-Gun Is Named After the Holy Dan-Gun, the Legendary Founder of Korea in the Year of 2333 B.C
Dan-Gun Dan-Gun is named after the holy Dan-Gun, the legendary founder of Korea in the year of 2333 B.C. The history of the Dan-Gun Dangun Wanggeom was the legendary founder of Gojoseon, the first kingdom of Korea, in present-day Liaoning, Manchuria, and the Korean Peninsula. He is said to be the grandson of the god of heaven, and to have founded the kingdom in 2333 BC. Although the term Dangun commonly refers to the founder, some believe it was a title used by all rulers of Gojoseon, and that Wanggeom was the proper name of the founder. Dangun’s ancestry begins with his grandfather Hwanin, the “Lord of Heaven” (a name which also appears in Indian Buddhist texts). Hwanin had a son Hwanung who yearned to live on the earth among the valleys and the mountains. Hwanin permitted Hwanung and 3000 followers to descend onto Baekdu Mountain, then called Taebaek Mountain, where Hwanung founded Sinsi (“City of God”). Along with his ministers of clouds, rain, and wind, he instituted laws and moral codes and taught humans various arts, medicine, and agriculture. One day both a bear and a tiger came to Hwanung’s residence in prayer and asked to be transformed into humans. The god agreed to this gift but on the condition that they remain out of the sun for 100 days and eat only a sacred bunch of mug- worts and 20 garlic cloves. To this the animals agreed and followed his advice. The tiger was unable to keep up with the conditions, but the bear – a female called Ung- nyo – after only 21 days was transformed into a woman. -
Contents GUT Volume 52 Number 1 January 2003
contents GUT Volume 52 Number 1 January 2003 Journal of the British Society of Gastroenterology, a registered charity ........................................................ AIMS AND SCOPE Leading article Gut publishes high quality original papers on all aspects of 1 Is intestinal metaplasia of the stomach gastroenterology and hepatology as well as topical, authoritative editorials, comprehensive reviews, case reports, reversible? M M Walker Gut: first published as on 1 January 2003. Downloaded from therapy updates and other articles of interest to ........................................................ gastroenterologists and hepatologists. Commentaries EDITOR Professor Robin C Spiller 5s,M,L,XL...T Wang, G Triadafilopoulos 7 HLA-DQ8 as an Ir gene in coeliac disease SPECIAL SECTIONS EDITOR Ian Forgacs K E A Lundin 8 A rat virus visits the clinic: translating basic ASSOCIATE EDITORS discoveries into clinical medicine in the 21st David H Adams Immunofluorescence John C Atherton century C R Boland, A Goel staining of jejunal Ray J Playford ........................................................ Jürgen Scholmerich mucosa from a DQ8+ Jan Tack Clinical @lert AlastairJMWatson coeliac patient. (From the paper by Mazzarella 10 Dyspepsia management in the millennium: to EVIDENCE BASED GASTROENTEROLOGY et al, pp 57–62). test and treat or not? B C Delaney ADVISORY GROUP Richard F A Logan ........................................................ StephenJWEvans Science @lert Andrew Hart Jane Metcalf 12 RUNX 3, apoptosis 0: a new gastric tumour EDITORIAL