PEACE Info (March 2, 2021)

− Defying Military Regime, ’s CRPH Names Four Acting Ministers − Myanmar’s Military Council Labeled 'Terrorist Group’ − Myanmar Military Cracks Down on Journalists with Arrests and Lawsuits − Myanmar Security Forces Beat Pregnant Woman, Loot Her Home During Rampage in Myeik − Police and protesters resume running battles in for fourth day − Communities rally against ‘pets of the junta’ in local administration − Myanmar Military Detain More Than 1,200 Since Coup − Myanmar junta asks forces not to use live bullets on protesters − New UEC seeks suggestions from political parties over initiation of PR system − Protesters in Hong Kong, Myanmar, Unite Under Banner of 'Milk Tea Alliance' − Myanmar situation an 'enormous, tragic step back', use of lethal force unacceptable: PM Lee − Asean must help bring Myanmar back to normalcy, says Hisham − ASEAN Foreign Ministers Call for End to Violence in Myanmar − ASEAN Urges Peaceful Solution to Myanmar Coup Standoff − Who Represents Myanmar at UN? − State Administration Council Chairman Senior General delivers address at Council meeting − အစ���ရ ဝန��က��မ��� CRPH ခန��အပ� − အ�ဏ�သ�မ���က�င�စ�အ�� တရ��မဝင�အဖ���အ�ဖစ� လ�မ�����ပ�င��စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ�သပ�တ��က��မတ�က ��ပ� − ဆ���ပပ��သတင��ယ�ရင�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသည�� ရန�က�န��မ ���ရ�� သတင���ထ�က���ခ�က�ဦ� ရ�ဇသတ��က�� ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) �ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံရ − ���င�ငံတစ�ဝန�� ဖမ��ဆ��တရ��စ��ခံရတ�� သတင���ထ�က� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ၁၀ �ယ�က�ရ�� − CDM လ�ပ�သည�� ဝန�ထမ�� �ထ�င�ခ�� တ���လ� − �ပည�သ��အစ���ရ �ပန�တက�မ� တ�ဝန�ထမ��မည�ဟ� ဗန���မ�� CDM သစ��တ�ဝန�ထမ��မ��� ထ�တ��ပန� − KNU နယ���မရ�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��သ�� ၁၀ ဦ��က��� CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�တ�င� ပ�ဝင�လ� − စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�ဆန��က�င��ရ� ���င�ငံအ��ံ�ဆ���ပပ��မ�� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ��ခ�က��ယ�က� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ − မတ� ၁ ရက�အထ� ဖမ��ဆ��၊ တရ��စ��ဆ��၊ �ပစ�ဒဏ�ခ�မ�တ�ခံရသ� ၁၂၀၀ �က���ရ��လ��ပ�� �သဆ�ံ�သ� ၃၀ ခန��ရ����က�င�� AAPP ထ�တ��ပန� − အ�ရ�တက�� အ�ရ�အပ�ဆ�ံ� လမ��ဆ�ံလမ��ခ� သ���မဟ�တ� �မန�မ����င�ငံက�� �ပန�လည�ပ�ံ�ဖ��ခင�� − �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������ အ��ဖရ��ရန� အ�ဆ�ယံ ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က��မ��� �တ�င��ဆ�� − �မန�မ�သမ�တန�� အတ��င�ပင�ခံပ�ဂ� ��လ�က�� �ပန�လ�တ�ဖ��� အ�ဆ�ယံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ� တ��က�တ�န�� − အ�ဏ�သ�မ��စစ��ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ�က�� ICC မ�� တရ��စ�����င�ဖ��� က���ရ��ယ���ရ���န�တ� �က ���ပမ���န − လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�သ�မ���က�� ဒဏ�ခတ��ရ� က�လသမဂ� က�မ��က�င�သ� သ�ံ�ဦ� အ�ကံ�ပ�မည� − �မန�မ��အ�ရ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ�တ�င� အ�ပင��အထန��ဆ������ရန� အ�မရ�ကန� တ�န��အ���ပ��န − နမ�တ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င�� လက�နက��က��က�၊ အရပ�သ��မ��� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ − �က��က��က���ဒသတ�င� လ�ငယ���စ�ဦ� မ��င��နင��မ� �သဆ�ံ�

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Defying Military Regime, Myanmar’s CRPH Names Four Acting Ministers

By 2 March 2021

U Tin Tun Naing (top left), U Lwin Ko Latt (top right), Daw Zin Mar Aung (bottom left) and Dr. Zaw Wai Soe.

YANGON—In its latest challenge to the legitimacy of the country’s military regime, a committee representing elected Myanmar lawmakers from the overthrown ruling National League for Democracy (NLD) appointed four acting ministers on Tuesday.

In a statement, the Committee Representing (CRPH) said that since the military’s “illegitimate” arrest of President U Win Myint and State Counselor Daw Suu Kyi, the cabinet had not been able to perform its duties. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is Myanmar’s Union Parliament.

According to the statement, four people, three of them from the NLD, have been appointed as acting ministers “to assume the duties on behalf of cabinet members.”

Daw Zin Mar Aung, who was elected to the Lower House representing Yangon’s Yankin Township in the Nov. 8 general election, was appointed acting foreign affairs minister. She is a member of the CRPH.

The committee also appointed U Lwin Ko Latt to serve concurrently as acting President’s Office minister and Union Government Office minister. In the Nov. 8 vote, he was elected as a Lower House lawmaker representing Thanlyin Township in Yangon. He is currently a member of the CRPH.

Another elected Lower House lawmaker from the NLD, U Tin Tun Naing, was appointed acting minister for three crucial three economic ministries: Planning, Finance and Industry; Investment and Foreign Economic Relations; and Commerce.

The CRPH also chose Dr. Zaw Wai Soe as acting minister for three ministries: Labor, Immigration and Population; Education; and Health and Sports. The University of Medicine 1 Yangon rector has played a leading role in Yangon’s COVID-19 fight since last year.

He strongly condemned the military coup and is participating in the Civil Disobedience Movement against the military regime, having refused to serve in the military’s cabinet.

Among the CRPH’s members are 17 elected NLD lawmakers. The self-declared parliamentary committee was formed after the coup to counter military rule.

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The NLD won Myanmar’s Nov. 8 general election in a landslide. NLD candidates won 920 of the 1,117 elected seats nationwide, including seats in both houses of the bicameral Union Parliament and the state/regional parliaments, as well as ethnic affairs minister posts.

On Feb. 1, the military staged a coup just hours before the new NLD-dominated Parliament was set to convene, claiming it was forced to act over what it called electoral fraud in the Nov. 8 general election.

https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/defying-military-regime-myanmars-crph-names-four- acting-ministers.html ------

Myanmar’s Military Council Labeled 'Terrorist Group’

By The Irrawaddy | 2 March 2021

The CRPH, the committee representing the elected lawmakers of the ousted National League for Democracy, labeled Myanmar’s military governing body, the State Administrative Council (SAC), as a “terrorist group” on Monday for its lawlessness in arresting democratically elected leaders and for terrorizing protesters with killings and violence.

The announcement followed the nationwide bloody Sunday crackdown on peaceful protesters by the police and soldiers, which left at least 18 dead, according to the United Nations.

Since the Feb. 1 coup, 23 people, aged 17 to 59, have been killed, according to media reports and relatives’ testimony.

The military seized power from the democratically elected government on Feb. 1 and detained civilian leaders and pro-democracy activists.

The CRPH (Committee Representing the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw) said the military’s action is “in contravention of the existing laws”.

The military established the SAC with generals and few members from political parties, which had been defeated in the November general election. It changed the law, removing privacy legislation and freedom of expression and threatened to arrest anyone insulting the SAC.

Since the Feb. 1 coup, more than 1,000 people have been detained.

The CRHP said it “condemns in the strongest terms all atrocities and acts of terrorism committed by the putschists”.

The illegitimate putschists’ crimes include shooting live rounds, explosives, rubber bullets, tear gas and water cannons at protesters. They beat and arrest peaceful protesters, civil

Page 3 of 61 servants taking part in the civil disobedience movement, activists, community leaders and students, said the committee.

“Such crimes amount to the declaration of war on unarmed civilians.”

In late February protesters began using shields and making barricades to defend their neighborhoods from the authorities.

“Due to the atrocities and acts of terrorism of the military, streets and communities across Myanmar have become battlefields. There have been many civilian fatalities and the life, liberty and security of the people are under constant threats due to the acts of terrorism committed by the illegitimate military council,” said the CRPH. https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmars-military-council-labeled-terrorist- group.html ------

Myanmar Military Cracks Down on Journalists with Arrests and Lawsuits By The Irrawaddy | 2 March 2021 Ma Kay Zon Nway from Myanmar Now being detained by police on Saturday while covering a protest in Myaynigone, Yangon. / The Irrawaddy

YANGON — Myanmar’s security forces forcibly arrested a reporter from the Democratic Voice of Burma (DVB) on Monday night from his home in Myeik, Tanintharyi Region, where he has been reporting on anti-regime protests.

A DVB live-stream at around 10:20pm showed police and military personnel surrounded his home and shouting at him to come out. When Ko Kaung Myat Naing, also known as Ko Aung Kyaw, asked whether they had a warrant, they fired into the air. When Ko Aung Kyaw asked them to remain peaceful, the security forces started throwing stones at his house.

Ko Aung Kyaw can be heard shouting that a stone injured his head and appealing to neighbors for help before the security forces break into his house and arrest him. The arrest came after he live-streamed police and soldiers shooting at houses and destroying furniture and other possessions in their ongoing crackdown. He also reported that how a pregnant woman in Myeik was beaten and her home looted by the security forces.

DVB chief editor U Aye Chan Naing told The Irrawaddy that before Ko Aung Kyaw’s arrest, the security forces threatened his neighbors with guns to turn off their lights and stay silent.

U Aye Chan Naing said the editorial team is trying to find Ko Aung Kyaw’s whereabouts and if he faces charges.

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DVB said it has employed a lawyer and written to the International Committee of the Red Cross for help.

U Aye Chan Naing said: “The regime does not want to let people know its brutal acts. That’s why it is arresting journalists.”

Two detained reporters, Ma Kay Zon Nway from Myanmar Now and Ko Aung Ye Ko from 7Day News, have been charged with incitement under Article 505(a) of the Penal Code which carries up to three years’ imprisonment, according to Daw Nilar Khaing, their lawyer.

Both were arrested on Saturday while covering protests in Yangon.

Daw Nilar Khaing said she will ask to meet the reporters, adding that their relatives are not allowed to see them because of COVID-19 rules.

She said the court hearings will be conducted online due to COVID-19.

Since the military takeover on Feb. 1, the security forces have detained at least 29 journalists, of whom four have been charged under 505(a) and six are being held without facing any charges.

The US-based Committee to Protect Journalists said Myanmar’s junta must release all journalists detained while doing their jobs and allow reporters to cover protests without fear of reprisals.

Shawn Crispin, the NGO’s regional representative, said: “Myanmar authorities must release all journalists being held behind bars and stop threatening and harassing reporters for merely doing their jobs of covering anti-coup street protests.

“Myanmar must not return to the past dark ages where military rulers jailed journalists to stifle and censor news reporting,” he said.

https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-military-cracks-journalists-arrests- lawsuits.html ------

Myanmar Security Forces Beat Pregnant Woman, Loot Her Home During Rampage in Myeik By The Irrawaddy | 2 March 2021 The pregnant woman who was beaten in the head.

YANGON—A pregnant woman was reportedly beaten and her home looted, and a teenager was shot in the face as police and military personnel went on a rampage in Tanintharyi Region’s Myeik on Monday,

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ransacking and damaging homes and beating civilians.

In a video shared by Myeik residents on social media, the pregnant woman said soldiers and police broke into her house and destroyed the furniture. She claimed she was hit in the head by police and soldiers, who also took over 400,000 kyats (US$283) and an ATM card.

The Irrawaddy was not able to contact the woman, but her husband wrote on his Facebook page: “They took over 400,000 kyats, which we had saved to repair our house.”

In at least three wards in Myeik, police and soldiers shot at houses with guns, destroyed furniture and smashed windows and motorbikes.

The husband of the pregnant woman was also beaten.

A resident from Shwepyitan Ward who requested anonymity said: “Two groups consisting of around 30 soldiers and police came into our ward and smashed motorbikes parked outside houses. Six motorbikes were smashed near my house. They also beat a pregnant woman in Thukha Street, and took 400,000 kyats from her house.”

A teenager suffered a gunshot wound to his cheek in Shwepyitan Ward on Monday. Locals in Myeik have been taking to the streets to protest against the military regime for more than 20 days.

A man was killed and several others injured when police and soldiers carried out a crackdown on anti-military regime protesters there on Sunday. In response, protesters on Monday put up barricades against the police and soldiers, made from any available materials. Police and soldiers stormed the barricades, however, and hunted down protesters in the wards, ransacking houses.

The teenager who sustained a bullet wound in his cheek.

Monday’s shooting left several bullet holes in at least three houses in Inle Myaing Ward of Myeik. Police and soldiers also smashed furniture and windows of a number of houses in the ward.

“Residents in this neighborhood have stayed away from protests. It was not that protesters ran into houses to hide. Police and soldiers just broke open the doors for no reason, and smashed the furniture. Women were also beaten,” said a resident of Inle Myaing Ward who asked not to be named.

In another ward, police and soldiers reportedly beat civilians and detained four men. Eyewitnesses said they saw police and soldiers warning residents, “If you dare to do it again. We will not just beat you. We will burn your house down.”

Page 6 of 61 https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-security-forces-beat-pregnant- woman-loot-home-rampage-myeik.html ------

Police and protesters resume running battles in Yangon for fourth day March 2, 2021 | By FRONTIER Security forces have deployed tear gas, rubber bullets and stun grenades to dislodge protesters from their home-made barricades, with only limited success. Protesters are caught in a cloud of tear gas near Insein Road late this morning. (Frontier)

Yangon is today again a battle zone, with police and soldiers attempting to disperse thousands of peaceful protesters from sites across the city including Sanchaung, Insein Road in Hlaing Township and near Yuzana Plaza in Tarmwe Township.

There were also reports of crackdowns elsewhere in the country, including Kalay in Sagaing Region, where medics told AFP that three protesters had been critically injured when security forces fired live rounds at anti-coup protesters.

For a fourth straight day police used tear gas, rubber bullets and stun grenades to dislodge protesters from their home-made barricades. Although it often sent protesters running, and led to small numbers of arrests, they were usually able to find safe haven and then regroup as soon as the security forces left the area.

In Sanchaung, police moved in shortly after 9am to disperse protesters on Padonmar Street, and at 10:45am police and soldiers fired tear gas and rubber bullets on nearby Kyun Taw Road. A Frontier reporter who was close to the confrontation managed to take shelter in a nearby shop. At least three people were arrested, while a soldier was seen cursing as he destroyed a National League for Democracy flag.

A Frontier reporter hides from soldiers inside a store in Sanchaung. (Frontier)

On Mingalar Street in Sanchaung, rumours of snipers on rooftops created a tense atmosphere this morning. Police eventually moved in to disperse protesters, deploying smoke bombs and what appeared to be tear gas. Protesters took cover in nearby apartments. During this time a police officer was seen firing directly into a ground-floor room on Mingalar Street. Once the police left and a scout had given the all-clear, the protesters emerged to resume their demonstration.

A police officer is seen firing directly into a ground floor apartment on Mingalar Street in Sanchaung. (Frontier)

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Later in the morning, security forces broke up a protest near Yuzana Plaza, with a heavy military presence seen on nearby Ma U Kone Street, a Frontier reporter said.

Insein Road has been one of the key battlegrounds again, with police employing more ruthless tactics to disrupt protests.

Protesters man make-shift barricades on Insein Road near the Butaryone bus stop. (Frontier)

Yesterday protesters set up roadblocks and staged sit-ins at several points along the road north of Hledan junction, bringing traffic to a standstill. They were eventually forced to flee in the afternoon under police fire and sought shelter in nearby apartments.

In a now familiar scene, protesters wielding home-made shields had this morning erected makeshift barricades using rubbish bins near the Butaryone bus stop on Insein Road.

Protesters are caught in a cloud of tear gas near Insein Road. (Frontier)

They were forced to disperse after 11am when police unleashed tear gas and rubber bullets. Residents told Frontier the police crackdown came sooner today than yesterday. A Frontier reporter and photographer both narrowly escaped arrest by hiding in nearby apartments.

Frontier saw five people being arrested, while police were also seen releasing another nine people who had been detained in the same area.

Police have also been breaking the windows of cars that had been stopped on Insein Road to hinder their advance.

“The crackdown today is fast,” one demonstrator told Frontier. “They have even been going into the wards to arrest people.”Police have now reportedly blocked Than Lan and Butaryone streets, and Frontier also saw police and military near the Kan Lan bus stop on Insein Road.

Fleeing protesters left shoes and slippers near Insein Road when they were forced to flee from police. (Frontier)

One person in a densely populated ward in Hlaing Township near Insein Road told Frontier it was “basically a war zone”, with community leaders setting up temporary roadblocks around the entire ward. Security forces are said to have blocked off roads in all directions, and warned that anyone who tries to leave will be shot.

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Meanwhile, at the end of some streets within the ward residents have also set up temporary barricades with rebar, bamboo, or PVC tubing to stop and search any cars that try to enter, forcing all the passengers to get out of the vehicle.

Protesters in Mandalay this morning. (Frontier)

In Mandalay, rallies in Maha Aung Myay Township drew thousands of protesters this morning despite previously deadly crackdowns in the city.

“No matter how they crack down on us, we will fight … We will find any way to get back on the streets,” one defiant protester told Frontier. “This is the only way to show that we don’t want dictatorship.”

There was a lighter than normal police presence, but more plain-clothes officers were spotted in the vicinity, our reporter said.

Elsewhere in Myanmar’s second-largest city, motorcyclists have been riding in convoys in protest against the junta.

Meanwhile, people across the country have been coating their streets in X-ed out photos of junta chief Min Aung Hlaing’s face, then stomping on the images or using them as betel-juice bullseyes. Today our reporter caught protesters in Chan Aye Thar Zan Township joining in the fun. In some areas they’ve also been pasting the entire street with photos of Min Aung Hlaing, in an apparent attempt to dissuade security forces from entering, because it would require them to walk on his face. Nay Pyi Taw residents hold a ceremony for those killed in anti-military protests at Naung Pin Gyi stupa. (Frontier)

There have been no protests in Nay Pyi Taw today, but at Naung Pin Gyi stupa a ceremony was held for those killed in anti-coup demonstrations.

“We will forever respect and be proud of them … I pray they’ll never face such terror in the next life,” an event leader said.

After the ceremony, participants painted pro-democracy slogans on nearby streets.

“Let [the authorities] erase [these phrases] as much as they like,” a young participant told Frontier. “We are not afraid of their weapons – they’re afraid of our words.”

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While police and army crackdowns in Myanmar’s major cities have grabbed the most attention this week, protests have been violently dispersed and activists hunted down in smaller provincial hubs.

In Lashio, northern Shan State, the Kachin Youth Solidarity Network reported that 13 people were arrested on Monday from inside the town’s Kachin Baptist Church, after a morning demonstration was broken up with water cannons and teargas. The network said protesters were pursued down side streets by plain clothes officers, with some arriving at the Baptist church.

Eyewitnesses said the church was surrounded by about 50 police officers and soldiers. At 1pm the security forces broke down the gate, questioned those inside about the presence of an “ethnic youth group”, and forced themselves into a study room where the 13 were arrested. The network said theological students were among those arrested, and that they are believed to be being held at Lashio’s No 1 police station.

Correction: An earlier version of this article incorrectly said the 13 arrests in Lashio took place today.

https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/police-and-protesters-resume-running-battles-in- yangon-for-fourth-day/ ------

Communities rally against ‘pets of the junta’ in local administration March 2, 2021 | By FRONTIER

City residents are rejecting junta-appointed “security and rule of law teams” and instead forming parallel local government structures that answer to elected MPs. Residents of Yangon's North Okkalapa Township march on February 24 to protest the junta's appointment of ward "security" teams, which locals allege are stuffed with military stooges. (Frontier)

“They are the mad dictator’s appointed servants,” a demonstrator shouted as a crowd occupied a ward administration office in Yangon’s North Okkalapa Township on February 23. Others entering the small, empty room in the township’s Ward C shouted that they didn’t want any “dictators” directing the office, while some removed furniture in protest.

Similar demonstrations took place in townships across the country, and they continued for several days, while images spread online of ward offices padlocked or barricaded by defiant residents. One such protest on February 25 in Yangon’s Tarmwe Township was stormed by police wielding batons and firing rubber bullets. Local residents said at least 15 people were arrested that night.

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This outrage was sparked by the military junta’s announcement on February 22 that it would form Security and Rule of Law Teams in wards and village tracts nationwide. Given the task of ensuring law and order in local communities, they may prove vital to the junta’s attempts to control and monitor the population amid nationwide dissent.

“They are pets of the junta,” said Ko Myo Wai, a resident of Yangon’s Ahlone Township. He told Frontier he believed the junta-appointed teams would work with police to arrest dissidents at night.

U Thet Naing Swe, a North Okkalapa resident, said the new security teams were a “danger” to all citizens. “These people will stab residents in the back,” he said. “They will help the police and point to the houses of people who are active in the revolution.”

The creation of the new teams is the latest measure taken by the junta to remould the country’s administration. On February 3, it formed new district and township administration councils across the country, including in self-administered zones. Each are chaired by General Administration Department officers and include representatives from the military, police and immigration department, as well as the local community.

Depending on the size of a ward or village tract, the security teams consist of between five and 10 members of the community chosen by their township administration council. The junta’s February 22 announcement said the councils would pick those committed to “national politics”, as opposed to party politics, and who stand by the “three national causes” that the has espoused for decades. These are non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity and the perpetuation of sovereignty.

However, Yangon residents who spoke to Frontier said there were more political reasons for their appointment.

“Most of them are men from the USDP, or those who have good connections with the military,” said North Okkalapa resident Thet Naing Swe, referring to the military-aligned Union Solidarity and Development Party, which lost badly in the November election.

Residents of North Okkalapa, Ahlone and Hlaing townships in Yangon told Frontier that most of the security team appointees are USDP members, while some were local administrators during the party’s 2011-2016 term in government, or before that.

Former schoolteacher U Myint Swe, who was made head of the security team for North Okkalapa’s Ward B on February 22, told Frontier that he was planning to file criminal complaints against protestors who had “defamed” him. The day after his appointment, a crowd formed in front of his house and shouted insults, including references to a court trial he is facing for allegedly raping a child he was privately tutoring.

Myint Swe was a ward administrator under the former, pre-2011 junta. He denied being a USDP member but confirmed that his son is a high-ranking military officer. He said he accepted his new position because he wanted to protect his ward from “unscrupulous groups” and make it more “peaceful”.

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A ward office in North Okkalapa barricaded shut by residents, seen on February 24. (Frontier)

Self-governing wards

The security team’s role conflicts directly with that of neighbourhood watch groups, which communities have established across the country to protect residents from overnight arrests by police, as well as violence from so-called thugs who have allegedly been deployed by the military. Their simultaneous presence will likely spark tension within communities.

The teams’ formation also comes amid dissent in the ranks of ward and village tract administrators, who had been up for re-election in March. These administrators operate under the GAD and are the first point of contact most citizens have with the government. Their election by local communities allowed for a degree of accountability, despite the electoral process falling well short of international standards, for instance by restricting voting rights to one adult per household. (For more on this, read our earlier feature.)

The junta terminated their roles in mid-February. However, elected administrator U Thura Tun from North Okkalapa said that on the day after their dismissal, the GAD township administrator called the ward administrators into his office and asked them whether they wanted to serve under the junta.

“[The township GAD] told me they already had someone to replace me if I declined the offer, but that if I accepted, I would have to obey them,” he told Frontier.

Many administrators have refused to serve and been replaced with alleged military stooges, prompting local protests. However, Thura Tun said he and several others had decided they could do more to help the people from within the system.

“I met with 13 other administrator friends and we decided to continue in our positions because we don’t want their people to control our wards,” he said of the military’s appointees.

He said they were prepared to disobey orders from the township GAD, and that their resolve is already being tested by commands to collect lists of overnight guests from homes – a surveillance measure enabled by the junta’s amendment earlier in February of the Ward or Village Tract Administration Law – and to file criminal complaints against activists.

“I can’t not accept their instructions; these are really evil plans,” Thura Tun said, while conceding that the new security teams would likely carry out the orders instead. He believed the junta had created the teams partly in order to bypass uncooperative administrators like himself.

With this in mind, some administrators have vowed to actively obstruct the security teams. “As an [elected] administrator, I do not accept the new security team. I will not let

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them rule my ward,” U Kyaw Moe, the administrator of North Okkalapa’s Ward C, told protesters outside the ward office on February 23.

As some administrators go rogue and assist the popular movement against the coup, communities are also forming parallel structures to provide local administration and security in defiance of the junta. In several of the neighbourhoods where residents have padlocked administration offices, they have also put up posters declaring theirs to be a “self-governing ward” and saying, “We won’t accept anyone appointed by the junta.”

The Committee Representing the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, formed by elected MPs from the National League for Democracy and several other parties as a parallel government to the junta, invited communities on February 22 to form their own governing bodies for their townships, as well as for their wards and village tracts. The CRPH said these bodies should consist of at least 11 members – including elected MPs, youth and trusted community members – and must pledge allegiance to the CRPH.

On February 24, residents of North Okkalapa responded by gathering in a public park and forming their own township committee answerable to the CRPH. This has been replicated across the country, including in Mandalay and the Sagaing Region capital Monywa.

“We need to organise under a collective leadership,” said U Aung Zay, a proud member of the residents’ new governing committee for North Okkalapa.

“We know the dictator’s servants are well-organised, but strong community-based groups are also starting to form,” said U Min Swe, a lawyer who advises the new bodies in Yangon.

He told Frontier that cooperation within and across different communities would make them more secure. “If the ward and township self-governing groups form strong connections, people will not be arbitrarily arrested by the authorities and they can effectively support street protesters,” he said.

https://www.frontiermyanmar.net/en/communities-rally-against-pets-of-the-junta-in-local- administration/ ------

Myanmar Military Detain More Than 1,200 Since Coup By San Yamin Aung | 2 March 2021 More than 1,200 have been arrested since the Feb. 1 coup in Myanmar. Elected leaders, lawmakers, activists, protesters, striking civil servants, and journalists are among them.

More than 1,200 people, including elected leaders, lawmakers, activists, protesters,

Page 13 of 61 heads of election commissions and striking civil servants involved in the civil disobedience movement (CDM) have been detained in Myanmar since the February 1 coup.

According to the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP), which tracks detentions, at least 1,213 people had been arrested, charged or sentenced by March 1. Only 300 of the detainees were released and more than 900 are still being detained, the AAPP said, adding that 61 suspects face warrants and are evading arrest.

Elected leaders

State Counselor Daw , President U Win Myint, Vice-President U Henry Van Thio and the Union Parliament speakers are among those detained since Feb. 1.

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and U Win Myint face various charges and potentially long prison sentences.

More than 100 National League for Democracy (NLD) members are in custody, including members of state and regional branch offices and youth members. The military has issued arrest warrants for 21 elected representatives, including 17 of those who have formed the Committee Representing the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw (Union Parliament) to counter military rule. An economic adviser to Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, Professor Sean Turnell, an Australian national, is also being detained.

13 chief ministers in detention and five charged

All 14 state and regional chief ministers appointed by the NLD were detained on Feb. 1. On Feb. 26, the Chin State chief minister was released while the 13 others are in military custody, prison or under house arrest.

Mandalay Region chief minister Dr. Zaw Myint Maung, Magwe Region’s Dr. Aung Moe Nyo, Tanintharyi Region’s U Myint Maung, Sagaing Region’s Dr. Myint Naing and Rakhine State’s U Nyi Pu have been charged with incitement under Article 505(b) of the Penal Code which carries up to two years in prison.

148 election officials detained

A total of 148 Union Election Commission (UEC) officials across the country remain in detention.

UEC chairman U Hla Thein. / The Irrawaddy

UEC chairman U Hla Thein was detained on Feb. 1. The military claimed mass voter list irregularities to justify its coup and announced that it would hold a new election. The UEC rejected the military’s fraud claims in the November general election, in which a clear majority of voters supported the NLD.

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Ministers in detention

The military has detained Union ministers and state and regional cabinet members since the coup. Eleven Union ministers and three deputy ministers government and 71 state and regional ministers have been detained, with many remaining in custody.

Mandalay’s minister of natural resources and the environment, U Myo Thit, who signed an order on behalf of the detained chief minister stating that civil servants will be on public holiday until the democratic government returns, has been charged.

21 speakers detained

All elected parliamentary speakers and their deputies in all states and regions, except Rakhine and Shan states, have been taken into military custody or put under house arrest since Feb. 1. Only seven have been released and 14 remain in detention.

The Rakhine State speakers are selected by ethnic Rakhine politicians and military allies appointed the Shan State speakers.

Activists, writers and monks behind bars

Prominent democracy activist Ko , filmmaker Min Htin , student activist Ko Min Thway Thit, writer and Yangon City Development Committee member Daw Than Myint Aung and writers Maung Thar Cho and U Htin Linn Oo are being detained. Four monks, well- known military critic in Mandalay U Thawbita and Shwe Nya War Sayadaw, Sayadaw U Arriyawuntha and U Pyin Nar Wuntha, are also being held.

Military hunts protesters and strikers

In face of the growing resistance nationwide, the regime has stepped up detentions of anti- regime protesters and civil servants taking part in the CDM.

An anti-regime demonstrator being arrested by the police during a crackdown in Mandalay. / Zaw Zaw / The Irrawaddy

Hundreds of protesters are being detained and injured during violent crackdowns by riot police and soldiers. The AAPP said more than 300 civilians were in custody on March 1.

Around 80 student protesters, including numerous high school pupils, members and leaders of student unions, remain under detention, while more than 100 student protesters have been released.

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Civil servants, who went on strike against the junta, are also being targeted. At least 44 striking civil servants, including doctors, engineers, teachers, railway staff and administrative staff, were arrested and charged in February.

More than 150 civil servants have also been dismissed or suspended from their jobs for involvement in the CDM.

High-profile arrest targets

U . / The Irrawaddy

Those facing arrest warrants include U Min Ko Naing, Kyaw Min Yu (also known as Ko Jimmy) and Ma , veteran democracy activists from the 1988 uprising, singer Linn Linn, a former bodyguard of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, Myo Yan Naung Thein, the director of Bayda Institute for a Just Society, presenter Maung Maung Aye and Facebook personality Ei .

Celebrities, including actors PyaeTi Oo and Lu Min, directors Na Gyi, Wyne and Ko Pauk and rapper Anaga, opposing the regime face arrest warrants. The regime said they use their popularity to call on people to join the CDM and street protests. Among them, the Myanmar Academy Award winner Actor Lu Min was arrested on Feb. 20 while in hiding.

Protests against the regime and the CDM continue in several cities.

Journalists face lawsuits

Ma Kay Zon Nway from Myanmar Now being detained by police on Saturday while covering a protest in Myaynigone, Yangon. / The Irrawaddy

At least 29 journalists have been detained while covering demonstrations in Yangon, Myitkyina, Monywa, Hakha, Magwe, Pathein, Pyay, Mawlamyine and other cities. Six have been charged under 505(a). The non-bailable charge carries up to three years’ imprisonment for causing fear, spreading fake news and agitating for others to commit criminal offenses against a government employee.

On Monday night, a reporter from the Democratic Voice of Burma was forcibly taken from his home in Myeik, Tanintharyi Region. The arrest came after he live-streamed police and soldiers shooting at houses and destroying furniture and other possessions in their ongoing crackdown. He also reported on a pregnant woman in Myeik who was beaten and her home looted by the security forces.

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https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-military-detain-1200-since-coup.html ------

Myanmar junta asks forces not to use live bullets on protesters Published 2 March 2021 | The Straits Times/ANN

YANGON (BLOOMBERG) - Myanmar's military has asked security forces responsible for deadly attacks on anti-coup protesters over the weekend not to use live ammunition as international condemnation grows.

The announcement was made in a broadcast on state-run MRTV after Myanmar on Sunday (Feb 28) saw its deadliest day since the Feb 1 coup, with the United Nations saying at least 18 protesters were killed and 30 others wounded.

The military also said Monday that more than 1,300 protesters were arrested during nationwide demonstrations.

"When it comes to crowd dispersal methods, security forces have been instructed not to use live bullets," the broadcast stated, accusing protesters of instigating violence by using slingshots and petrol bombs.

"Security forces are allowed to protect themselves when protesters harm their lives by firing shots at the protesters below the waist."

It wasn’t immediately clear that troops would use only rubbers bullets in their defence.

A new wave of rallies began Tuesday after a Myanmar court brought additional charges against detained civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi that could keep her behind bars for an even longer period of time.

The rising death toll may increase pressure on governments around the world to take more action against Myanmar's generals, who refused to recognise a landslide election victory by Suu Kyi's political party in November.

The call to refrain from using live rounds comes as foreign ministers in the 10-member Association of South-east Asian Nations (Asean) are set to hold an informal meeting on Tuesday to discuss the situation in Myanmar for the first time since the coup.

Asean has long followed a policy of nonintervention in the domestic affairs of its members, which include Myanmar, and has thus far refrained from condemning the military for its actions or referring to the coup.

Thailand's Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-o-cha reportedly referred to it as a "political issue" that is "their country's matter."

Indonesia, on the other hand, issued a statement Sunday calling on security forces to "refrain from the use of force and exercise utmost restraint to avoid further casualties."

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"Instability in Myanmar ultimately creates danger for the rest of us in South-east Asia, so it's not a purely Myanmar situation alone," Singapore Minister of Foreign Affairs Vivian Balakrishnan said during an interview on Monday with local television outlet Channel 5. "Although, as I said, the responsibility for resolving this lies with the authorities in Myanmar."

https://elevenmyanmar.com/news/myanmar-junta-asks-forces-not-to-use-live-bullets-on- protesters ------

New UEC seeks suggestions from political parties over initiation of PR system Published 2 March 2021

The new Union Election Commission has sent a letter dated February 28 to Myanmar political parties to submit their reviews and suggestions about proportional representation (PR), one of the electoral systems.

According to the letter, such suggestions are being sought after some parties suggested that the existing FPTP system (first-past-the-post) should be replaced with PR during a coordination meeting between the UEC and political parties on February 26.

The commission has invited their suggestions as to when and for which parliament the PR should be adopted.

On February 26, the National Democratic Force (NDF) made a proposal to use the PR system instead of FPTP, and three other parties discussed in support of the proposal.

“I first submitted this proposal to review the electoral system. I said we could not go with the old electoral system to ensure all-inclusiveness. The remaining parties discussed in favour and some made such a demand,” said NDF secretary Aung Zin, who attended the meeting.

His party submitted a similar proposal during the first parliament but it didn’t work.

In its letter, the UEC said the papers the political parties submitted would be discussed and reviewed in next meetings.

The first coordination meeting between the new UEC led by Thein Soe and political parties took place on February 26. It was attended by 53 political parties including the Union Solidarity and Development Party and People’s Pioneer Party. However, 38 parties including the National League for Democracy, People’s Party and Shan Nationalities League for Democracy.

When contacted, some of the parties that did not attend the UEC meeting said they would not cooperate in the adoption of the PR system.

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https://elevenmyanmar.com/news/new-uec-seeks-suggestions-from-political-parties-over- initiation-of-pr-system ------

Protesters in Hong Kong, Myanmar, Unite Under Banner of 'Milk Tea Alliance' 2021-03-02 Protesters hold signs supporting the "Milk Tea Alliance" of Asian anti-authoritarian activists during a demonstration against the military coup in Yangon, Feb. 28, 2021. AFP

As protesters in Hong Kong gathered outside a court in the city in support of 47 pro-democracy politicians and activists charged with "subversion" under the national security law, some raised the mockingjay salute in solidarity with protesters in Myanmar.

The salute, first seen on the streets of Hong Kong during 2014 Occupy Central movement in a reference to the movie Hunger Games, has been taken up by thousands of unarmed civilians protesting the February military coup in Myanmar, where police are increasingly using live ammunition to disperse crowds.

The solidarity with protesters in another country isn't new: since Hongkongers and Taiwanese rallied on social media last year in support of pro-democracy protesters in Thailand, using the hashtag #MilkTeaAlliance.

The Milk Tea Alliance has also taken on the Little Pinks, supporters of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), in a number of meme wars, amid a growing sense of solidarity and resistance to authoritarian rule.

Myanmar’s military junta brought new charges against deposed country leader Aung San Suu Kyi on Monday, accusing the detained state counselor of incitement and violating telecommunication laws, as protests continued to rage in major cities following a weekend of violence and bloodshed that left at least 20 demonstrators dead.

In all, the 75-year-old politician faces four charges, carrying a total of up to nine years in jail, while President Win Myint is also being charged with incitement to defame the state.

The parallels between the post-coup crackdown on a pro-democracy opposition in Myanmar and the charging of 47 Hong Kong activists with subversion for taking part in democratic primaries in July 2020 aren't lost on protesters in Hong Kong, who chanted shouts of encouragement to Myanmar as well as Hong Kong outside the court building on Monday.

Four Myanmar-born residents of Hong Kong raised a banner that read: "Drink Milk Tea!

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Abolish Dictatorship! Fight for Freedom!" on the top of Hong Kong's Victoria Peak on Monday, accompanied by a group of Hong Kong protesters.

One of them, Debby Chan, who studies Sino-Myanmar relations, told the media that seeing protesters in Myanmar bravely facing down water cannons and bullets brought back painful memories of the 2019 protest movement in Hong Kong.

"Hong Kong went through all of that in 2019, and so we want to show our support now," Chan told reporters.

Pro-democracy protesters hold "Milk Tea Alliance" signs in support of Myanmar as they take part in a demonstration before a march toward the residence of Thailand's Prime Minister Prayut Chan- O-Cha in Bangkok, Feb. 28, 2021. Credit: AFP

Similar struggles against authoritarianism

Lennon Chang, senior lecturer in criminology at Australia's Monash University, said the Milk Tea Alliance is an enduring concept because all so many parts of the region are facing similar struggles against authoritarianism around the same time.

"Unfortunately, these places all happen to be going through same thing at a similar point in time," Chang told RFA. "There's also a kind of butterfly effect, because technology allows people to gather more quickly and learn from the experience of people overseas."

"That experience then becomes incorporated into practices in their own country," he said. "We can see that Myanmar are being run in a manner that is strikingly similar to the anti- extradition movement in Hong Kong."

A woman holds up posters against Myanmar military coup during a Milk Tea Alliance united rally in Taipei, Taiwan, Feb. 28, 2021. Credit: Reuters Kalvin Fung, research director ASEAN and East Asian Studies at Hong Kong's Global Studies Institute, said there is a strong sense of identification between protesters in Hong Kong and Myanmar.

"This has been bloody conflict, which has caught everyone's attention, and it ... reminds people of the equipment and methods they used during the 2019 protests," he said. "This makes people in Hong Kong feel that there is a fundamental connection."

"I think it's also about the China factor ... as people were talking a lot about whether China was behind the military coup in Myanmar during the first couple of weeks," Fung said.

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Myanmar's protesters have also been garnering support in Taiwan, Thailand, Japan and Australia, where many protesters have also raised banners representing the Milk Tea Alliance.

Meanwhile, in Indonesia and Malaysia, netizens posted support messages to the people of Myanmar using the #MilkTeaAlliance hashtag, which was used more than 1.7 million times on Twitter on Sunday alone.

In Thailand, police used tear gas, rubber bullets and water cannon to disperse protesters who gathered in downtown Bangkok on Sunday, calling on the King to give up his military command. At least 33 people were injured and 22 arrested at the protest.

Media reports also including references to solidarity with Myanmar among the protesters.

Reported by Man Hoi Yan for RFA's Cantonese Service. Translated and edited by Luisetta Mudie.

https://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/hongkong-milktea-03022021135951.html ------

Myanmar situation an 'enormous, tragic step back', use of lethal force unacceptable: PM Lee Published 2 March 2021 | The Straits Times/ANN

SINGAPORE - The military coup in Myanmar is an enormous, tragic step back for the country, and the use of lethal force against civilians and unarmed demonstrators is just not acceptable, said Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong on Tuesday (March 2).

And if the Myanmar population decides the government is not on their side, then the government has a very big problem, he added in an interview with the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).

Mr Lee also called for the military regime that seized power in February to release detained state counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi, to negotiate with her National League for Democracy (NLD) party, and to work out a peaceful way forward for Myanmar.

The ongoing political turmoil has sparked nationwide protests with at least 21 killed and over a thousand arrested. Amid growing global condemnation, and with Asean foreign ministers meeting to discuss the situation in the country on Tuesday (March 2), Myanmar's military has asked security forces not to use live ammunition to disperse crowds.

In the interview with BBC's Asia business correspondent Karishma Vaswani on Tuesday, Mr Lee said the situation in Myanmar was a throwback to 1988, when a cocktail of bloody riots, military power and martial law became untenable for the country's leaders, who eventually announced a seven-step in 2003. Page 21 of 61

"We were all sceptical, but they were serious about it, and they did move in that direction systematically, and eventually held elections," said Mr Lee.

Ms Suu Kyi and her NLD have succeeded at the polls since but for the military to now take over again is regressive - and "there is no future that way", said Mr Lee.

"They knew that, that was why they moved forward into elections and a civilian government," he added.

Arresting Ms Suu Kyi and other leaders, and charging her with offences - including one under an obscure law over walkie-talkies - will not help solve the problem, said Mr Lee.

Asked why Singapore had not yet imposed sanctions, he said: "Outsiders have very little influence on this. You can ostracise them, condemn them, and pass resolutions or not, but it really has very little influence on what Myanmar will do.

"It had zero influence the last time round, and the only impact was, for the lack of anybody (else) willing to talk to them, they fell back on those people who were willing to talk to them, which was China, and to some extent, India."

Added Mr Lee: "It was an uncomfortable position for them, but it did not cause them to decide that they must do what the Americans, Europeans, or even the Asean countries would have preferred them to do."

He said Singapore had to express disapproval for a situation that goes against the values of many other countries, and a large part of humanity for that matter.

But it had to also be realistic and consider what taking action would lead to.

PM Lee Hsien Loong (right) speaking to BBC's Asia business correspondent Karishma Vaswani during an interview on March 2, 2021. PHOTO: MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION

"Now, the demonstrators are saying military intervention in Myanmar? Is the 82nd Airborne going to arrive?" asked Mr Lee, referring to an elite US army division known for parachuting in to respond to global crisis contingencies.

He also said it was not a matter of economic considerations or benefiting from trade with Myanmar.

"The volume of trade is very small for us and for many other countries," Mr Lee noted. "Question is, what can make a difference to them, and if you do impose sanctions, who will hurt? It will not be the military, or the generals who will hurt. It will be the Myanmar population who will hurt. It will deprive them of food, medicine, essentials and opportunities for education. How does that make things better?"

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Asked how he saw the situation playing out, Mr Lee said he hoped that wisdom would prevail as it did after 1988, with the armed forces concluding that the military route does not lead anywhere, and that they would have to work out an arrangement with the civilian government, which has been democratically elected.

"I think sense can still eventually prevail. It may take quite a long time, but it can happen. It has happened before," said Mr Lee.

https://elevenmyanmar.com/news/myanmar-situation-an-enormous-tragic-step-back-use- of-lethal-force-unacceptable-pm-lee ------

Asean must help bring Myanmar back to normalcy, says Hisham Published 2 March 2021 |Hishammuddin Hussein | The Star/ANN

KUALA LUMPUR: Asean must play a more proactive role to contribute to Myanmar’s return to normalcy, says Foreign Minister Datuk Seri Hishammuddin Hussein.

He said it was crucial that Asean leads a sincere discussion and constructively engage with Myanmar and all stakeholders to show the regional grouping was united and effective in addressing the expectations of its external partners, and in avoiding unnecessary unilateral responses that might affect the region unfavourably.

“Two-way engagements are therefore pivotal in this regard, ” he said in a statement following his official visit to Brunei, where he had an audience with Brunei Ruler Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and met with Brunei’s Foreign Minister II Datuk Seri Setia Awang Erywan Mohd Yusof yesterday.

Hishammuddin said the military takeover in Myanmar was a setback to all the efforts made over the last decade towards achieving inclusive democratic transition, unity and economic progress in the country.

“We encourage the Myanmar authorities to uphold and respect democratic institutions and processes, the rule of law, human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to peaceful assembly and freedom of expression.

“All relevant parties must exercise utmost restraint from the use of violence that could affect the safety of members of the public and further escalate the situation in the country, ” he said.

Hishammuddin also pledged Malaysia’s support towards the convening of an Informal Asean Ministers’ Meeting this week to discuss this matter further.

Myanmar’s military launched a coup on the morning of Feb 1, hours before Parliament was set to sit, and detained State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi, President Win Myint and other senior members of the National League for Democracy (NLD).

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The junta also declared a one-year emergency and vowed to “take action” against alleged voter fraud during the Nov 8 general election last year, which the NLD party won.

On Feb 5, Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin and Indonesia’s President Joko Widodo jointly called for Asean to convene a special meeting to discuss the political situation in Myanmar, following the coup. — Bernama

https://elevenmyanmar.com/news/asean-must-help-bring-myanmar-back-to-normalcy- says-hisham-0 ------

ASEAN Foreign Ministers Call for End to Violence in Myanmar 2021-03-02

Southeast Asian nations called Tuesday for a halt to escalating violence in Myanmar, and dialogue to end the crisis there, as some countries demanded the immediate release of civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi and others detained by the military after it seized power last month.

Foreign ministers and representatives of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), including from Myanmar, appear on a screen during an online meeting, in Putrajaya, Malaysia, March 2, 2021. Malaysian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

But a special foreign ministers’ meeting convened to discuss Myanmar and attended by its representative also exposed rifts within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, with Singapore warning that the inability to reach a common position on the coup undermined the 10-member bloc’s credibility and relevance.

“We expressed our concern on the situation in Myanmar and called on all parties to refrain from instigating further violence, and for all sides to exercise their utmost restraint as well as flexibility,” Brunei, the current chair of ASEAN, said in a statement summarizing the meeting.

“We also called on all parties concerned to seek a peaceful solution, through constructive dialogue, and practical reconciliation in the interests of the people and their livelihoods.”

At least 18 people were killed when security forces fired on protesters in cities across Myanmar on Sunday, the bloodiest day in a month of mass demonstrations against the military’s ouster of Suu Kyi’s elected government.

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The special meeting of ASEAN’s top diplomats was held virtually and came after Malaysia and Indonesia jointly called for such a meeting days after the Myanmar military seized power on Feb. 1.

Amid criticism that the regional grouping had failed to take a strong collective stand on Myanmar, Singaporean Foreign Minister Vivian Balakrishnan said it was crucial for ASEAN that the bloc be united in upholding the principles of democracy, the rule of law, and human rights.

“It is critical that ASEAN continues to reiterate our guiding principles in light of the unfolding tragedy in Myanmar,” Balakrishnan said in a statement.

“If not, we will have no choice but to state our views on the situation as individual ASEAN Member States. But quite frankly, this would starkly underscore our lack of unity, and undermine our credibility and relevance as an organization.”

In individual statements issued after Tuesday’s special meeting, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Singapore urged Myanmar’s military rulers to free Suu Kyi and other political leaders who were arrested during the Feb. 1 coup.

“Malaysia calls for the prompt and unconditional release of detained political leaders in Myanmar, including Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, U Win Myint and their associates, and encourages dialogue between parties concerned,” Malaysian Foreign Minister Hishammuddin Hussein told his ASEAN counterparts during the online meeting.

Singapore also called for Myanmar armed forces to pledge to not use deadly force on protesters.

Suu Kyi and Win Myint, who served as state counselor and , respectively, from 2018 until the Feb. 1 coup, have been under arrest since the government was toppled. The coup took place after weeks of tensions that followed the Nov. 8 general election, which Suu Kyi’s party easily won, but which the military said was tainted by voter fraud.

Since the coup, at least 22 people – mostly pro-democracy demonstrators – have been killed and more than 30 wounded by Myanmar’s security forces. On Tuesday, Myanmar’ soldiers and police fired live rounds, rubber bullets and tear gas at anti-coup protesters, leaving at least three people critically injured, news agencies reported.

In an unusually strong statement for the Philippines, Manila on Tuesday urged the Burmese military to return power to the government that was democratically elected in November.

“Our call is for the complete return to the previously existing state of affairs: with respect to the preeminent role of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi; alongside the Army her father created for the protection of the people he led to freedom and the country he gave them at the cost of his life,” Foreign Secretary Teodoro Locsin Jr. said in a statement.

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“This is what is needed. And the first step should be for the immediate release of Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and subsequent dialogue among the parties involved in their country’s destiny.”

For her part, Indonesian Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi said that while ASEAN members must adhere to the bloc’s founding principle of non-interference, they have a duty to respect its values for democracy, human rights, good governance, rule of law and constitutional government.

“If ASEAN fails to uphold and implement these principles, Indonesia is concerned that ASEAN will not be able to fully serve its people, which would hinder the aspiration to build an ASEAN Community. … Indonesia is certain that ASEAN stands ready to play its role when required,” Retno said.

There had been harsh criticism of her “shuttle diplomacy” last week, during which the top diplomat of ASEAN’s largest nation met with her military-appointed Myanmar counterpart in Bangkok.

Last week, when Reuters reported that Indonesia endorsed a plan by the Myanmar junta to hold new elections – which Jakarta denied – hundreds of protesters gathered outside the Indonesian Embassy in Yangon. They said that Myanmar already had a legitimate government that was democratically elected four months ago.

Malaysia’s Hishammuddin on Tuesday also proposed that ASEAN form a group of “eminent persons or experts in electoral matters to help bridge the discrepancies found in the last general elections.”

Myanmar, he said, may consider allowing the secretary-general and chair of ASEAN to visit the country and give access to all parties involved.

ASEAN: Torn between the West and China

Analysts described what they said was ASEAN’s difficult position vis-à-vis Myanmar.

In issuing a “flat and normative” statement summarizing the meeting, ASEAN chair Brunei was likely trying “to avoid putting Myanmar in a corner,” said Teuku Rezasyah, a lecturer in international relations at Padjajaran University in Bandung, Indonesia.

“After all, ASEAN is currently in a difficult position, torn between the West and China. So what I’m worried about is if ASEAN takes an overtly hard line and is not trying to be accommodative, Myanmar will choose to consult China.”

Aaron Connelly, a research fellow at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in Singapore, noted that the regional bloc would not want another humanitarian disaster like the one that saw more than 700,000 Rohingya refugees flee Myanmar during a brutal military offensive in Rakhine state in 2017.

“It is in ASEAN’s interests to keep open lines of communication with the Tatmadaw so long as it holds power, if for no other reason than to use these channels to urge the army to

Page 26 of 61 return to its barracks post-haste,” Connelly said, using the official name for Myanmar’s military.

But, in engaging with the junta, “ASEAN risks legitimizing the very coup that gives rise to these risks,” he said.

Reported by BenarNews, an RFA-affiliated online news service. https://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/asean-coup-03022021134500.html ------

ASEAN Urges Peaceful Solution to Myanmar Coup Standoff By VOA News | March 02, 2021 Indonesia's Foreign Minister Retno Marsudi speaks during a virtual informal meeting with foreign ministers and representatives of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), in Jakarta, Indonesia, March 2, 2021. Members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) pushed for the release of Myanmar’s de facto leader Aung San Suu Kyi and a return to democracy after meeting Tuesday on the state of the country.

"Restoring democracy back on track must be pursued," Retno Marsudi, Indonesia’s foreign minister, said. The comments follow Myanmar’s February 1 military coup in which de facto leader Aung San Suu Kyi and other members of Myanmar's civilian government were removed from office and detained.

Foreign ministers representing each of ASEAN’s 10-member nations, which includes Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam, spoke via videoconference with their counterpart from member nation Myanmar. The virtual meeting came as Myanmar police opened fire on civilians protesting military rule.

ASEAN to Hold Talks on Myanmar Political Crisis Foreign ministers of ASEAN to discuss situation with Myanmar counterpart; Singapore says regional bloc is “appalled by use of lethal forces against civilians” by military

But not all ASEAN members had such strong words for Myanmar’s junta. The final statement from the bloc urged “all parties” to refrain from instigating violence.

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“We also called on all parties concerned to seek a peaceful solution, through constructive dialogue, and practical reconciliation in the interests of the people and their livelihood,” the statement from the chairman said.

Daily protests across Myanmar against last month’s coup have grown increasingly violent and deadly. At least 21 people have been killed, including 18 people on Sunday, the deadliest day of the unrest, according to the United Nations’ human rights office.

Witnesses to Sunday’s protests say police used tear gas, rubber bullets, water cannon, and in some cases, live ammunition in Yangon, Myanmar’s biggest city. According to The Associated Press, photos of shell cases from live ammunition were posted on social media. Media videos showed demonstrators dragging the injured away from the protests, leaving bloody smears on the pavement.

Crowds Again Protest Myanmar Coup, Defy Crackdown

Police also aggressively sought to break up protests in other cities, including Mandalay and Dawei.

Aung San Suu Kyi makes first public appearance since February 1 Coup

Hundreds of protesters wearing construction helmets returned to the streets of Yangon Tuesday chanting slogans as they stood behind makeshift barricades. Security forces responded by once again firing tear gas at the demonstrators to disperse them.

The military has claimed widespread fraud in last November’s election, won in a landslide by Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy Party, as justification for last month’s coup. Myanmar’s electoral commission denied the military’s claims of election fraud.

Suu Kyi appeared via videoconference at a court in the capital, Naypyitaw, her first public appearance since she was removed from office and detained by the military.

She was charged with two additional crimes during the session — attempting to incite public unrest and violating a section of the telecommunications law regarding operating equipment without a license.

FILE - Myanmar State Counselor Suu Kyi attends the opening session of the 31st ASEAN Summit in Manila, Feb. 1, 2021.

The 75-year-old Nobel Peace Prize laureate was already charged with illegally importing and using six unregistered walkie-talkie radios found during a search of her home, and for breaking the country’s natural disaster law by holding public gatherings in violation of COVID-19 protocols.

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Her next court appearance has been scheduled for March 15.

The United States and other Western nations have demanded Suu Kyi’s release, as well as that of her lieutenants, and called on the junta to restore power to the civilian government.

Senior Gen. Min Aung Hlaing said Monday during an address on state television that protest leaders and "instigators" would be punished. He said the army is also investigating financial abuse by the civilian government.

White House press secretary Jen Psaki said Monday the recent killings of protesters in Myanmar “represent an escalation” of the situation there and said the Biden administration was preparing “further costs on those responsible.”

The United States’ U.N. ambassador, Linda Thomas-Greenfield, urged the international community Monday to “ramp up pressure” on Myanmar’s military. The ambassador said she hopes to use Washington's presidency of the United Nations Security Council in March to push for more "intense discussions" on Myanmar, formerly called Burma.

“It is clear the world is watching the situation in Burma, and it’s clear that we can’t sit still and watch people continue to be brutalized and their human rights to be destroyed,” she said.

Anti-coup protesters, behind makeshift barricades stand off with Myanmar security forces in Yangon, Myanmar, March 2, 2021.

The United Nations said Monday that if serious international crimes have taken place in Myanmar, it would investigate. Nicholas Koumjian, head of the U.N. Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar, said if international law has been violated, “we will build case files to facilitate criminal trials to hold those responsible to account in international, regional or national courts.”

Tom Andrews, U.N. special rapporteur for Myanmar, has called on the international community to take collective action against the military junta, including a global arms embargo, sanctions against businesses owned or controlled by the junta, and the convening of the U.N. Security Council to discuss the issue.

Andrews also urged countries that have already established some sanctions to “immediately consider more.”

The junta has declared a one-year state of emergency. Min Aung Hlaing has pledged that new elections will be held to bring about a "true and disciplined democracy” but did not specify when they would take place.

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https://www.voanews.com/east-asia-pacific/asean-urges-peaceful-solution-myanmar-coup- standoff ------

Who Represents Myanmar at UN?

By Margaret Besheer | March 02, 2021 FILE - The United Nations logo is seen on a window at United Nations headquarters, in New York, Sept. 21, 2020.

Myanmar’s dueling governments each now claim to represent the country at the United Nations, making it likely that member states will have to step in and decide whose ambassador to recognize.

“I can confirm we received two letters,” U.N. Spokesman Stephane Dujarric told reporters. “They are currently under review.”

He said a letter was received Monday from Kyaw Moe Tun, the ambassador of Myanmar who took up his post in October, confirming he is still the U.N. representative. A second communication was received Tuesday from Myanmar’s Foreign Ministry, informing the secretary-general that Tin Maung Naing, the deputy ambassador at the U.N. mission, has been appointed as Charge d’Affaires as of February 28.

“Let’s be honest here, we are in a very unique situation we have not seen in a long time,” Dujarric said. “We are trying to sort through all the legal protocol and other implications.”

At a meeting Friday of the General Assembly, Myanmar Ambassador Kyaw Moe Tun made an emotional appeal to the international community, urging nations to reject the February 1 military coup, and “to use any means necessary” to protect the people. State television announced the next day that he had been fired.

FILE - Myanmar's ambassador to the U.N., Kyaw Moe Tun, holds up three fingers to the General Assembly, where he pleaded for international action in overturning the military coup in his country, as seen in this still image taken Feb. 26, 2021.

In his letter to the president of the General Assembly and copied to the office of the U.N. secretary-general, Kyaw Moe Tun said he was appointed by President U Win Myint, “the lawfully elected President of Myanmar” and by Foreign Minister Aung San Suu Kyi.

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Both the president and Suu Kyi are among dozens of officials who have been detained during the military’s power grab.

Popular protests across the country opposing the military’s coup have grown increasingly violent and deadly. Diplomats say the U.N. Security Council will discuss the situation on Friday.

“The perpetrators of the unlawful coup against the democratic government of Myanmar have no authority to countermand the legitimate authority of the President of my country,” Kyaw Moe Tun’s letter states. “I wish therefore to confirm to you that I remain Myanmar’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations.”

The communication from the Foreign Ministry is unsigned, but it has the official seal and announces that the “State Administration Council of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar terminated the duties and responsibilities of Ambassador U Kyaw Moe Tun” on February 27 – the day after his speech denouncing the coup.

“In this regard, the Ministry would like to request the Executive Office of the Secretary General of the United Nations to accept the decision made by the State Administration Council of Myanmar,” the letter read.

Traditionally, if there is a dispute over who is the accredited representative of a country, the U.N. credentials committee, made up of nine member states, would review the matter and make a recommendation.

“After that it would come to the General Assembly, as a whole, to consider the recommendation from the credentials committee,” said Brenden Varma, spokesman for the president of the General Assembly.

New U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, Linda Thomas-Greenfield, holds a news conference at U.N. headquarters in New York, March 1, 2021.

“We have not seen any official evidence – or request that he be removed, and for the time being he is the representative of the Myanmar government,” U.S. Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield said Monday when asked at a news conference who the U.S. recognizes as representing Myanmar at the United Nations.

FILE - U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres speaks during a news conference at U.N. headquarters in New York, Nov. 20, 2020.

U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has repeatedly called on the military to reverse its actions and respect the will of the people as expressed in

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November’s election – which saw the National League for Democracy party secure 82% of the vote.

U.N. Special Envoy for Myanmar Christine Schraner Burgener urged the international community Friday not to “lend legitimacy or recognition” to the military regime.

She said she was deeply troubled by the ongoing arrests of political leaders, including NLD legislators, government officials, civil society actors and journalists, and she condemned the use of lethal force against peaceful protesters and the rising deaths as “unacceptable.” https://www.voanews.com/east-asia-pacific/who-represents-myanmar-un ------

State Administration Council Chairman Senior General Min Aung Hlaing delivers address at Council meeting March 02, 2021 | Global New Light of Myanmar

Chairman of the State Administration Council Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Senior General Min Aung Hlaing delivered an address at the meeting 4/2021 of the State Administration Council at his office in Nay Pyi Taw yesterday afternoon.

State Administration Council Chairman Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Senior General Min Aung Hlaing presides over the fourth meeting 4/2021 of the Council in Nay Pyi Taw yesterday.

Also present at the meeting were Vice-Chairman of the Council Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Commander-in-Chief (Army) Vice-Senior General Soe Win, Council members General Mya Tun Oo, Admiral Tin Aung San, General Maung Maung Kyaw, Lt-Gen Moe Myint Tun, Mahn Nyein Maung, U Thein Nyunt, U Khin Maung Swe, Daw Aye Nu Sein, Jeng Phang Naw Taung, U Moung Har, U Sai Lone Hsaing and Saw Daniel, Secretary Lt-Gen Aung Lin Dway, Joint Secretary Lt-Gen Ye Win Oo, and Union Minister for Home Affairs Lt-Gen Soe Htut.

In his address, the Senior General said the State Administration Council has been discharging the duties of the State for a month now. The nation was peaceful during the first week of its administration, but riots and protests have been occurring since the second week. Those demonstrations are caused by the persons who are disgruntled by the action taken against the vote-rigging amidst the COVID-19 prevention and containment restrictions. The Myanmar Police Force is controlling the situation by using minimum force and through the least harmful means. The MPF is doing its work in accordance with democracy practices and the measures it is taking are even softer than the ones in other countries.

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New ward and village administrators have been appointed as the term of the old ones had expired. But there are acts against the appointment of the ward and village administrators. The government wishes to appoint only the persons who win the majority respect and who are free from party politics to a possible degree. Rejections against these appointments have appeared under the influence of party politics. Democracy tolerates whether it is pro or against a topic. Full democracies always accept appointments or assignments done in accord with the rule and law. As the township administrators are immediate superiors of the village administrators, they also should be free from political influence. Arrangements are being made to ensure this.

The State Administration Council has adopted five future programmes. Production must be boosted to improve the economic sector. The region, state, district and township councils must encourage regional production. Agriculture can be less affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, and it is a business that earns money easily. So, local farmers need to be encouraged to work hard on agricultural undertakings. Political, social and economic objectives have also been adopted. The social objectives include an objective such as enhancement of health, fitness and education standards of the entire nation. To contribute towards public health, nationwide outdoors sports and games must be held again. Myanmar’s traditional martial art should be among national sports. It is a kind of self- defence sport without the need for spare part equipment in training. Therefore, traditional sports should also be encouraged.

Action is being taken against the civil servants participating in the CDM. Some have taken their salaries without going to work, citing various reasons. Respective ministries will take action after systematic inspections. There are illegal contents and photos depicting those wearing indecent clothes contrary to Myanmar culture circulating, especially in social media. Such acts intend to harm the morality of people, so legal actions are necessary.

According to the findings from some ministries over- spending of the COVID-19 prevention and control, State funds and public-donated cash were found to have been spent for other purposes. The amount is billions of kyats. Relevant bodies are trying to expose embezzlement cases, the Senior General said.

Next, Council Vice-Chairman Vice-Senior General Soe Win, Council members U Thein Nyunt, Mahn Nyein Maung, U Khin Maung Swe, Jeng Phang Naw Taung, Daw Aye Nu Sein, Saw Daniel and U Sai Lone Hsaing and Union Minister Lt-Gen Soe Htut reported on illegal inflow of foreign money to associations, action to be taken against support of manpower and money behind riots and protests, taking of action against the Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw as it is an illegal organization, monetary support from foreign organizations, the need for the Union Election Commission to check and publicize the voter lists as quickly as possible, necessary help and measures for reoperation of factories, export of agricultural and livestock products, reassessment of Myanmar diplomats serving in the

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international community, boosting of electricity generation, amending and supplementing of the political parties registration law, election law and Hluttaw laws, conducting of agricultural census, construction of village production roads, sale of farm products from local farmers at correct prices, exposition of corruption cases under the previous government, illegal granting of leave of absence by officials at some people’s hospitals to doctors and health workers, exposition of local organizers and advisers outside the country encouraging civil servants to participate in the CDM, protests and lawless acts in regions and states, measures being taken by security forces to ensure community peace and the rule of law, mine clearance work in displaced areas and continued vaccination of COVID-19.

Concerning the reports, the Senior General said operations of some organizations are being scrutinized whether they are running their operations in accordance with rules and regulation or whether the foreign finance and assistance they received are legal or illegal. Action is being taken against the Committee Representing the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, which is illegally carrying out activities while the new Union Election Committee is launching an investigation into vote-rigging. Domestic tourism, hotels, factories and workshops have been allowed to resume their operations in accordance with COVID-19 prevention rules and regulations. Relevant ministries have been instructed to take action against physicians, specialists and staff who are taking part in the CDM. It is important to take measures not to develop staff housings, special economic zones and industrial zones on agricultural land, to prevent the use of agricultural land for other purposes and to push for rural development.

Efforts must be exerted to develop Myanmar sports into ones that are systemic and meet international standards and to support athletes in respective states and regions to participate in international events. All border crossings have been opened for the development of trade. Measures must be taken to enable internally displaced persons to return to their native places and to arrange their secure social- economic lives. Efforts will be continued to make to vaccinate people against COVID-19. It is found that riots and protests are being incited on social media, and authorities are exercising restraint as peacefully as possible. Efforts were made to repatriate Myanmar nationals detained in Malaysia, and a total of 1,086 Myanmar nationals from Malaysia were brought back by Tatmadaw vessels. Measures are being taken to bring back those who are still left in Malaysia. The repatriation of Myanmar nationals who were abroad is one of the achievements of the council.—MNA

https://www.gnlm.com.mm/state-administration-council-chairman-senior-general-min- aung-hlaing-delivers-address-at-council-meeting/ ------

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http://www.nmg-news.com/2021/03/02/13125

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လက�နက��ဖင�� အ�ကမ��ဖက��ဖ ��ခ�င�����မ�နင���ခင��က�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င��နသည�� စစ�တပ���င��ရ� တပ�ဖ���မ���က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� �သ�င�� က�န��သ�အဖ���အ�ဖစ���င�� အ�ဏ�သ�မ��ယ�ထ��သည�� စစ��က�င�စ�အ�� တရ��မဝင� အဖ���အစည��အ�ဖစ� သတ�မ�တ�လ��က�သည� ဟ� လ�မ�����ပ�င��စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ� သပ�တ��က��မတ�မ� ��ပ�ဆ��လ��က�သည�။

မတ�လ ၂ ရက��န� (ယ�န�)တ�င� လ�မ�����ပ�င��စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ� သပ�တ��က��မတ�မ� ထ�တ��ပန���ပ�ဆ��လ��က��ခင�� �ဖစ� �ပ�� ၎င��တ���၏ ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�ထ�တ�င� “အရပ�သ�� အစ���ရထံမ� မတရ��အ�ဏ�သ�မ��ယ�ထ��သည�� စစ��က�င�စ�က�� တရ��မဝင� အဖ���အစည�� အ�ဖစ� သတ�မ�တ�သည�။အ�ကမ��မဖက�သည�� နည��လမ��မ����ဖင�� ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ���န �သ� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ�ရ�� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ� အ��လ�ံ�က�� စစ�လက�နက��ဖင�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� �ဖ ��ခ�င�� ���မ�နင���ခင��က�� �ပ�လ�ပ��န သည�� စစ�တပ���င�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� �သ�င��က�န��သ�အဖ���အ�ဖစ� သတ�မ�တ�သည�” ဟ� ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��သည�။

ထ���အ�ပင� တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည��မ���ကလည�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� ခံ�နရသည�� လ�ထ�မ���က�� က� က�ယ��ပ����င��အ�င� �က ���စ��လ�ပ��ဆ�င��ပ�ရန� လ�မ�����ပ�င��စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ� သပ�တ��က��မတ�မ� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က� ထ�တ�င� ထည��သ�င�� �တ�င��ဆ��ထ��သည�။

၎င��တ���က “�င�မ��ခ�မ��စ�� ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ���န�ကသည�� �မန�မ��ပည� အနယ�နယ� အရပ�ရပ�ရ�� �ပည�သ�မ���က�� လက� နက�အ��က����ဖင�� အ�ကမ��ဖက��နသည�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�/ရ�တပ�ဖ���မ���က�� �ပန�လည�တ�န���ပန����င�ရန�အတ�က� တ��င��ရင�� သ�� လက�နက�က��င� အဖ���အစည��မ���ဘက�မ� တပ��ပ�င��စ�အ���ဖင�� �ပည�သ�၏ အသက�အ� �ရ�ယ�မ���က�� က� က�ယ����င�ရန� �က ���စ���ဆ�င�ရ�က�သ���ရန� �တ�င��ဆ��သည�” ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

ထ���အတ� တရ��ဝင� ���င�ငံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င�မ����ဖစ��သ� သမ�တ ဦ�ဝင���မင����င�� ���င�ငံ�တ��၏ အတ��င�ပင�ခံ ပ�ဂ� ��လ� �ဒ� �အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�အပ�အဝင� တက��ကလ�ပ�ရ���သ�မ���က�� ဖမ��ဆ���ခင��အ�ပင� စစ�အ�ဏ� သ�မ���ခင��မ�က�� မလ�� လ��သည�� �ပည�သ�မ���၏ ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ��မ�က�� လက�နက��ဖင�� အ�ကမ��ဖက��ဖ ��ခ�င�����မ�နင��သည�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� စ�မံ အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ��က�င�စ�အ�� �ပည��ထ�င� စ� လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ���ပ��က��မတ� CRPH က အ�ကမ��ဖက� အဖ���အ စည�� အ�ဖင�� သတ�မ�တ���က�င�� မတ�လ ၁ ရက��န� (ယမန��န�) ကလည�� ထ�တ��ပန� ��ကည�ထ��သည�။

တဖက�တ�င�လည�� အ�ဏ�သ�မ���က�င�စ��ဖစ��သ� ���င�ငံ�တ�� စ�မံအ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ��က�င�စ�က �ပည��ထ�င�စ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ���ပ� �က��မတ�အ�� စင��ပ ��င� အစ���ရက�� �ဖ ��ခ�င��သ���မည��ဖစ���က�င�� သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ထ��သည�။

�ပ��ခ��သည�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၄ ရက��န�ကလည�� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ�မ���က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� �ဖ ��ခ�င�����မ�နင���နသည�� အ� ဏ�သ�မ��စစ��က�င�စ�အ�� မတရ��အသင��အ�ဖင�� သတ�မ�တ���ကည���က�င�� ကရင�လ�ငယ� က�န�ရက�အဖ���က လည�� ထ�တ��ပန�ထ��သည�။

လ�မ�����ပ�င��စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ�သပ�တ��က��မတ�မ� ယ�န� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�ထ�တ�င� အဆ��ပ�အခ�က�မ���အပ�အဝင� အ ခ�က� ၅ ခ�က�က�� ထည��သ�င��ထ�တ��ပန�ထ���ပ�� တရ��မဝင� အဖ���အစည���ဖစ��သ� စစ��က�င�စ���င�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� �သ�င��က�န��သ� စစ�တပ�/ရ�တပ�ဖ���အ�� International Court Of Justice (ICJ) တ�င� အ�ရ�ယ�မည��အ�ပ� �ထ�က�ခံ�က ��ဆ��သည�ဟ� ဆ��သည�။

Page 36 of 61

လ�မ�����ပ�င��စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ� သပ�တ��က��မတ� အ�န�ဖင�� အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ဆန��က�င�လ�ပ�ရ���မ�တ�င� CDM ��င�� �ပည�သ� လ�ထ�အ��လ�ံ�၏ အခန��က�မ� အလ�န�အ�ရ��က���သ���က�င�� မ�မ�တ��� �က��မတ�မ�� CDM က�� အ�ပည�� အ၀ �ထ�က�ခံ အ���ပ���က�င����င�� အလ�ံ�စ�ံ က�ည����င�သည��ဘက�မ� အလ�ံ�စ�ံ က�ည��ထ�က�ပံ����င��အ�င� အစ�မ��က�န� ဆက�လက� �က ���ပမ��သ���မည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

�မန�မ����င�ငံတ�င� စစ�တပ�မ� မတရ��အ�ဏ�သ�မ���ခင��က�� ၃ �က�မ�တ��င�တ��င� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�ခ���ပ�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� က�လတ�လ��က�တ�င�လည�� �င�မ��ခ�မ��စ�� ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ��လ�က�ရ���သ� �ပည�သ�မ���က�� စစ�လက�နက�မ����ဖင�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� နည��လမ��မ��� အသ�ံ��ပ� �ဖ ��ခ�င��ခ��ရ� ယ�န� အခင��အက�င��တ�င�လည�� ၎င��တ���ဘက�မ� စစ�လက� နက��ဖင�� ပစ�ခတ�မ���က�င�� အ�ပစ�မ���ပည�သ� ၃၀ ဝန��က�င� �သဆ�ံ�ခ��ရ�ပ�� မတရ��ဖမ��ဆ�� ထ�န��သ�မ��ခံရသ� ၁၀၀၀ �က���ရ���ပ� �ဖစ�သည�ဟ� လ�မ�����ပ�င��စ�ံ အ�ထ��ထ� သပ�တ��က��မတ�က ဆ��သည�။

http://www.nmg-news.com/2021/03/02/13119

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ဆ���ပပ��သတင��ယ�ရင�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသည�� ရန�က�န��မ ���ရ�� သတင���ထ�က���ခ�က�ဦ� ရ�ဇသတ��က�� ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) �ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံရ

Published 2 March 2021

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇ ရက�က ရန�က�န��မ ���တ�င� ဆ���ပပ��သတင��ယ�ရင�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံခ��ရသည�� သတင���ထ�က� ခ�နစ�ဦ�ရ��သည��အနက� ��ခ�က�ဦ�က�� ရ�ဇသတ��က��ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) �ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခ���ပ��တစ�ဦ� �ပန�လည�လ�တ���မ�က�ခ����က�င�� အမ�လ��က�ပ��ဆ�င�ရ�က��ပ��နသည�� �ရ���နအခ���� ��ပ��က��ခ�က�အရ သ�ရသည�။

��မန�က�န����င�� လ�ည��တန�� အပ�အဝင� �မ ���နယ�အခ����ရ�� ဆ���ပပ��မ���တ�င� သတင��ယ��နသည�� �မန�မ��န�င��သတင��ဌ�နမ� သတင���ထ�က� မ�ကဇ�န�����၊ ဆ�ဗင���ဒ� သတင��ဌ�နမ� သတင���ထ�က� �အ�င�ရ�က��၊ MPA ဓ�တ�ပ�ံသတင���ထ�က� က��ရ�မ����ခန��၊ �အပ�သတင��ဌ�နမ� သတင���ထ�က� က��သ�န���ဇ��၊ ဇ��က�က�သတင��ဌ�နမ� သတင���ထ�က� က��ဟ�န���ပည���ဇ����င�� အလ�တ�တန��သတင���ထ�က� က��ဗည��ဦ�တ���မ�� အင��စ�န��ထ�င�တ�င� ဖမ��ဆ��ထ�န��သ�မ��ခံထ��ရ�ပ�� မတ� ၂ ရက�အထ� �ပန�လည�လ�တ���မ�က��ခင�� မရ���သ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

အဆ��ပ� သတင���ထ�က�မ���ထ�မ� �မန�မ��န�င��၊ ဆ�ဗင���ဒ���င�� အလ�တ�တန�� သတင���ထ�က� က��ဗည��ဦ�တ���က�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) �ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ထ����က�င�� အဆ��ပ� သတင���ထ�က� သ�ံ�ဦ�အတ�က� အမ�လ��က�ပ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��ပ��နသည�� တရ��လ�တ��တ���ရ���န �ဒ�န�လ�ခ��င�က ��ပ��က��သည�။

“ အထ�က (အင��စ�န�) �ထ�င� တ�ဝန�ခံဆ�က တရ��ဝင� သ�ရတ�ပ�” ဟ� တရ��လ�တ��တ���ရ���န �ဒ�န�လ�ခ��င�က ��ပ��က��သည�။

ဆ���ပပ��အတ�င�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသ�အခ����က�� ခံဝန�ထ����စက� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရ�ပ�� �န�က��န�တ�င� �ပန�လည� လ�တ��ပ�မ�မ��� ရ���သ��လည�� ၂၄ န�ရ�ထက� �က���လ�န� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသ�အခ����၏ အ��ခအ�န��င��ပတ�သက�၍ �ထ�င�တ� ဝန�ခံက�� စ�တင��မ��မန��ခ���ပ�� �ထ�င�တ�ဝန�ခံဆ�မ� �ပန�လည�သ�ရ��မ�အရ ဖမ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရသည�� သတင���ထ�က�မ�����င�� ဆ���ပ �ပည�သ�အခ����က�� ပ�ဒ�မတပ� တရ��စ��ဆ��ထ��သည�� အ��ခအ�နအ��သ�ရ���ခင���ဖစ���က�င�� �ဒ�န�လ�ခ��င�က ရ�င���ပသည�။

“သတင���ထ�က� မဟ�တ�တ�� �ပည�သ�ထ�က ဖမ��ခံထ��ရတ��သ��တ�က��လည�� ၅၀၅ (က) ပ� တပ�ထ��ပ�တယ�” ဟ� တရ��လ�တ��တ���ရ���န �ဒ�န�လ�ခ��င�က ��ပ��က��သည�။

Page 37 of 61

အလ��တ� MPA ၊ �အပ���င�� ဇ��က�က� သတင��ဌ�နမ���မ� သတင���ထ�က� သ�ံ�ဦ�လည�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ�ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) �ဖင�� တရ��စ��ခံရ��က�င��သ�ရ�ပ�� ဓ�တ�ပ�ံသတင���ထ�က� မရ�င�မ����မင��မ�� �ပန�လည�လ�တ���မ�က�ခ��သည�ဟ� သ�ရသည�။

မရ�င�မ����မင�� �ပန�လည�လ�တ���မ�က�မ���င��ပတ�သက�၍ သ���ခ��အတည��ပ����င��ခင�� မရ���သ��ပ။

တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံရသည�� သတင���ထ�က�မ���က�� လက�ရ�� �ဖစ�ပ���လ�က�ရ��သည�� ဆ���ပပ��မ�����က�င�� ဗ�ဒ�ယ��အ�န�လ��င��စနစ��ဖင�� ရ�မန�ယ�ခ����က�င�� �ရ���နအခ���� ��ပ��က��ခ�က�အရ သ�ရသည�။

ရ�ဇသတ��က��ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) တ�င� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�အစ���ရ၏ �ကည��၊ �ရ၊ �လတပ� တစ�ခ�ခ�မ� အရ�ရ��အ�� သ���တည��မဟ�တ� တပ�သ��အ��စစ�ပ�န�ကန��ခင��က�� လည���က�င��၊ သက�ဆ��င�ရ�မ�မ�၏ တ�ဝန�ဝတ�ရ��က�� မ�လ�စ���ခင���သ��လည���က�င��၊ ပ�က�က�က��ခင���သ��လည���က�င�� �ပ��စရန� အ�ကံရ��လ�င� သ���တည��မဟ�တ� ထ��သ��� �ပ��စရန�တန�ရ�သည�� အ��က�င��ရ��လ�င� ထ��သ�က���ထ�င�ဒဏ� ��စ���စ��ဖစ��စ၊ �င�ဒဏ��ဖစ��စ ဒဏ���စ�ရပ�လ�ံ� ခ�မ�တ����င�သည�� ပ�ဒ�မတစ�ခ��ဖစ�သည�။

https://news-eleven.com/article/205441

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���င�ငံတစ�ဝန�� ဖမ��ဆ��တရ��စ��ခံရတ�� သတင���ထ�က� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ၁၀ �ယ�က�ရ��

2021-03-02

တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ� အတ��င��အတ�န�� ဆ���ပ�နတ���ပည�သ��တ�က�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က အ�ကမ��ဖက��ဖ ��ခ��တ�၊ လ�စ�ခ��တ��တ� တစ��ပ ��င�နက� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��န�ပ�� ဆ���ပပ��က�� သတင��ယ��နတ�� သတင��သမ���တ�က�� ဖမ��ဆ��တ�၊ ပ�ဒ�မ မ����စ�ံတပ��ပ�� တရ��စ��ဆ��တ��တ� ရ��လ�ပ�တယ�။

�မ�တ��မ ���အ��ခစ��က� DVB သတင���ထ�က� က���အ�င��က���က�� မတ�လ ၁ ရက��န�ညမ�� စစ�တပ�န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က အ�ကမ��ဖက� ဖမ��ဆ���ခ��ဆ�င�သ���ခ��ပ�တယ�။ က���အ�င��က���ရ�� �နအ�မ�က�� စစ�က�� ၇ စ���လ�က�က လက�နက�အ�ပည��အစ�ံန�� လ��ရ�က�ဖမ��ဆ��ခ��တ��ဖစ��ပ�� ဖမ��ဆ��ရတ��အ��က�င��အရင��က���တ�� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ���ခင�� မရ��ပ�ဘ��။ က���အ�င��က���က�� ဘယ�မ��ဖမ��ဆ��ထ�န��သ�မ��ထ��တယ�ဆ��တ�က�� အတ�အက� မသ�ရ�သ�ဘ��လ��� က���အ�င��က���ရ�� အမ����သမ�� မ�န�ခည� က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"ဘယ�မ��ရ��လ�ဆ��တ��သတင��က�� ဘ�မ�မရ�သ�ဘ��။ ပ�လ�တ�� စစ�သ��အခ����က ဒ��န�လ�င��တ�� Live မ��သ�က မ�က����က�� မက�ဘ�န�� live လ�င��တယ�။ �တ���တ��က�� သတ��ရ��တ��အ�က�င�ဆ���ပ�� ��ပ�သံ�က��တယ�။ �ပ���တ�� သ��က���တ��တ��အခ��န�မ�� ဒ��က�င�ပ� �န�လယ�ကlive လ�င��တ� ဒ��က�င�ပ�ဆ���ပ���တ�� �ဘ�မ��ရ��တ�� စစ�သ���တ�က ဝ��င����ပ��ကတယ�။ �မန�မ����င�ငံရ�� မ�ဒ�ယ��လ�က�က��က စစ�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ�မ��အ�က�က�� �ရ�က��စခ�င�လ��� ဝ��င��ဖ����ပ��နတယ�လ��� �မင�တယ�။"

တနသ��ရ�တ��င�� �မ�တ��မ ���မ��ရ��တ�� အင���လ��မ ��င�ရပ�က�က�ထ�က�� စစ�တပ�န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ��� ပ���ပ�င���ပ�� ရပ�က�က��န �ပည�သ��တ�က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� ဝင��ရ�က�ဖမ��ဆ��ခ��တ���က�င�� ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ���တ�� �ပည�သ��တ�န�� �တ��ဆ�ံ�မ��မန�� တ�� Live လ�င���ပ�� သတင��တင�ဆက�ခ���ပ���န�က� အ�ဒ�ညမ��ပ� DVB သတင���ထ�က� က���အ�င��က���ဟ� အဖမ��ခံခ��ရတ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

ဆ���ပပ���တ�အ��က�င�� သတင��မ�တ�တမ��ရယ��နတ�� သတင���ထ�က��တ�က�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က ပစ�မ�တ�ထ�� တ��က�ခ��က��နတယ�လ��� ��မ�ပင�မ�� က�င��ဆင��သတင��ရယ��နတ�� သတင���ထ�က��တ�က ��ပ��ကပ�တယ�။

Page 38 of 61

Myanmar Now က မ�ကဇ�န�����၊ ဆ�ဗင���ဒ� သတင��စ�က က���အ�င�ရ�၊ AP သတင��ဌ�နက က��သ�န���ဇ��၊ MPA က က��ရ�မ����ခန��၊ ဇ��က�က� သတင��ဌ�နက က��ဟ�န���ပည���ဇ��တ���ဟ� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇ ရက��န�က သတင��ရယ��နခ��န� ဖမ��ခံခ��ရ�ပ�� ဒ��န�အထ� �ပန�မလ�တ��သ�ဘ� အင��စ�န��ထ�င�မ�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရပ�တယ�။

အ�ဒ�ထ�က မ�ကဇ�န�����န�� က��ရ�မ����ခန��တ���က�တ�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ�ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (ခ)န�� ��မန�က�န�� မ�� အဖမ��ခံရတ�� Myanmar Now က မ�ကဇ�န�����က�� စမ���ခ��င��တရ����ံ�မ�� ၅၀၅ (က) န�� အမ�ဖ�င��ထ��တယ� လ��� အမ�က�� လ��က�ပ��ဆ�င�ရ�က��ပ��နတ�� တရ��လ�တ��တ���ရ���န �ဒ�န�လ�ခ��င�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"မ�ကဇ�န�����က�� ၅၀၅ ( က ) န��စမ���ခ��င��မ�� ပ ရမန� ယ�ထ��ပ��ပ�။ ��ံ�က�တ�� မထ�တ��လ�က�ဘ��။ ဗ�ဒ�ယ��က�န�ဖရန��န��ပ� အမ�စစ�မယ�လ��� �က��ထ��တယ�။ အခ�ခ��န�ထ� မ�ကဇ�န�����န�� က�န�မတ����ရ���န�တ� �တ��ဆ�ံခ�င��မရ�သ�ပ�ဘ��။ မ�သ��စ�န���တ��ခ�င��က�တ�� ဘယ�သ�မ�မရဘ��။ က�န�မတ����ရ���န�တ�လည�� အမ�သည��ဖစ�တ�� မ�ကဇ�န�����န�� မ�တ��ရ�သ�ပ�ဘ��။ ဒ��န�က ��ံ�ပ�တ�ရက��ဖစ�တယ�။ ဒ���က�င�� က�န�မတ��� အမ�သည�န�� �တ�ဆ�ံခ�င���ပ�ပ�ဆ���ပ�� �ထ�င�က�� �လ��က�ဖ���အဆင�သင�� လ�ပ�ထ��ပ�တယ�။ "

AP သတင��ဌ�နက က��သ�န���ဇ��က��လည�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ�ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) န�� အမ�ဖ�င��ထ�� တယ�လ��� ���င�ငံ�ခ��သတင���ထ�က�မ���အသင��က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

MPA ဓ�တ�ပ�ံသတင���ထ�က� က��ရ�မ����ခန��က�� ���င�ငံ�တ��အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) န�� ကမ�ရ�တ� ရ�စခန��မ�� တရ��စ��ထ���ပ�� မတ�လ ၁၂ ရက��န�မ�� ဗ�ဒ�ယ��အ�န�လ��င��စနစ�န�� ��ံ�ထ�တ�စစ��ဆ�ဖ���ရ��တယ�လ��� Myanmar Press Photo Agency က က���ဂ�ပ��င�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ အခ�အခ��န�မ�� သတင��လ�တ�လပ�ခ�င�� �အ�က�ဆ�ံ�အထ�က�� �ရ�က��န�ပ�� သတင��တင��ပ�နတ��သ��တ�က�� ပစ�မ�တ�ထ���ပ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�တပ�ဖ����တ�က အ�ကမ��ဖက� ဖမ��ဆ��တ��တ� လ�ပ��နတယ�လ��� က���ဂ�ပ��င�က ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

"press freedom န��ပတ�သက�တ�� လ�တ�လပ�ခ�င���တ�က လ�ံ�ဝဇ������အဆင��က�� �ရ�က�သ���တယ�လ��� ��ပ�လ��� ရတယ�။ သတင��စ� လ�တ�လပ�ခ�င�� ဘ�မ�မရ���တ��ဘ��။ က�န��တ��တ���က က��ယ��လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� အ��ခအ�နက�� က��ယ��ကည���ပ��လ�ပ��နရတ�� အ�နအထ��မ��ရ��တယ�။ က�န��တ��တ���က�� က�က�ယ��ပ����င�တ� ဘယ�သ�မ� မရ��ဘ��။ က��ယ��က��ယ�က�� က�က�ယ�ရမယ�။ �ပည�သ��တ� က�က�ယ��ပ�ရမယ�။ က�န��တ��တ���က �ပည�သ��တ� အတ�က� သ�သင��တ��သတင���တ�က�� လ�ပ��နတ��အတ�က� အစ���ရက အမ�န��ထ���ပ���တ�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� ဖမ��ဆ��တ��တ� လ�ပ��နတယ�။"

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၂ ရက��န�ညက မ�ံရ���မ ��� နတ�လ�ထ�ပ�ပန�ရပ�က�က�မ�� မသက��ဖ�ယ�ရ� လ�တစ�ဦ�က�� ရပ�က�က��န �ပည�သ��တ�က စစ��ဆ��နတ�� ဗ�ဒ�ယ����ပ�သံတစ�ခ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� မ�ံရ���မ ��� အ��ခစ��က� MCN TV NEWS သတင��ဌ�နက သတင���ထ�က� မတင�မ��ဆ�န�� The Voice သတင��ဌ�နက သတင���ထ�က� မခင��မစန��တ��� ��စ�ဦ�ဟ� သတင���မ��မန��ဖ���ဆ���ပ�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၄ ရက� မနက�ပ��င��မ�� မ�ံရ���မ ���မရ�စခန��က�� သ���ခ��န�မ�� ဖမ��ဆ�� ခံခ��ရပ�တယ�။ သ�တ�����စ�ဦ�က�� �န�က�တစ��န�မ�� �ပန�လ�တ��ပ�ခ���ပမယ�� ���င�ငံ�တ��အ�ကည���� ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) န�� မ�ံရ���မ ���မရ�စခန��က အမ�ဖ�င��ခံထ��ရပ�တယ�။

���င�ငံ�တ��အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) ဟ� အ�မင��ဆ�ံ� �ထ�င�ဒဏ� ၃ ��စ�ထ� ခ�မ�တ����င�တ�� ပ�ဒ�မ�ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န�က အလ�တ�တန��သတင���ထ�က� မရ�င�မ����မင��၊ ခ�န��ဂ��နယ�က က���က����နမင��၊ ပ�သ�မ�အ��ခစ��က� သံ�တ��ဆင��သတင��ဌ�နက က��ရ�ရင��ထ�န��၊ �မ��လ�မ ��င� ရ�မညတ��င�� သတင��ဌ�နက က��လင��ထ�န�� တ��� ထပ�မံဖမ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရ�ပ�� ဘယ�မ��ဖမ��ဆ��ထ��တယ�ဆ��တ� မသ�ရ�သ�ပ�ဘ��။

သံ�တ��ဆင��သတင���ထ�က�က က��ရ�ရင��ထ�န��က���တ�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) န�� အမ�ဖ�င��ထ��တယ�လ��� ဧရ�ဝတ�တ��င�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���မ����ံ� က ရ�မ���က�� ထ�န���ရ� က RFA က�� အတည��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"ရ�ဇသတ��က��ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (က) န�� ဖ�င��ထ��ပ�တယ�။ ဟ�တ�ပ�တယ�။ "

Page 39 of 61

၅၀၅ (က) န�� အမ�ဖ�င��ရတ�� အ��က�င��န�� တရ��လ�� ဘယ�သ�ဆ��တ�က�� RFA က �မ��မန��ခ���ပမယ�� ��ဖ�က���ခင�� မ�ပ�ပ�ဘ��။

လက�ရ��အခ��န�မ�� �မန�မ�သံ�တ��ဆင��သတင���ထ�က� ဦ�ရ�ရင��ထ�န��က�� ပ�သ�မ��ထ�င�မ�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခ��ပ�����င�ထ�� တယ�လ��� သ�ရပ�တယ�။

သတင��သမ��က သ��အလ�ပ� သ�လ�ပ�တ��ဖစ�လ��� အ�မန�ဆ�ံ��ပန�လ�တ��ပ��စခ�င�တယ�လ��� ဦ�ရ�ရင��ထ�န�� ရ�� အစ�မ က RFA က�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"�ပန��ပ���တ�� လ�တ��ပ��စခ�င�တယ� သတင��သမ��က သ��အလ�ပ� သ�လ�ပ�တ�ပ��လ။ သ��အလ�ပ�သ� လ�ပ�တ�ပ� �ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� သ��မ�� အမ���မရ��ဘ�� လ��� ယ�ဆတ��အတ�က� သ��က�� အ�မန�ဆ�ံ��ပန�လ�တ� �စခ�င�တယ�။ "

ရန�က�န��မ ���က ဓ�တ�ပ�ံသတင���ထ�က� ရ�င�မ����မင�� လည�� ဒ��န�မနက� �ပန�လ�တ�လ�ပ�တယ�။

မတ� ၁ ရက��န�ကလည�� ဟ��ခ��အ��ခစ��က� The Chinland Post သတင���ထ�က� ဆလ��င���ဒ�ဗစ�လည�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံလ��က�ရ�ပ�� ဒ��န��န�လယ� �ပန�လည� လ�တ���မ�က�လ�ပ�တယ�။

လက�ရ��အ��ခအ�နဟ� ဥပ�ဒမ�� အ�ကမ��ဖက�လ�ပ�ရပ��တ�က�� က���လ�န��န�ကတ��ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� သတင��မ�ဒ�ယ�သမ���တ�အ�နန�� က��ယ��လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�က��သ� အထ��ဂ��စ��က��ကဖ��� သတင��စ�ဆရ� ဦ��ဇယ�လ�င�က သတ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"လက�ရ��အ��ခအ�နက ဥပ�ဒမ��အ��ခအ�န �ဖစ�သ����ပ�ဆ��တ�က�� သ�ထ��ဖ���လ��တယ�။ အ��တ�� ဥပ�ဒ အက�အက�ယ�က�� ယ�လ���မရ�တ��ဘ��။ အ��တ�� က��ယ��ရ���ဘ�ပတ�ဝန��က�င�က�� အ�မ�မ�ပတ� ဂ��စ��က��ပ���တ�� က��ယ��ရ��လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�က�� ဦ�စ���ပ�ဖ��� အ�ရ��က��တယ�။ ပ�သ����ပ�ဆ��ရင�လည�� ဥပ�ဒအက�က�ယ��တ�� ရမ��မဟ�တ�တ� က��န���သတယ�။ ဒ��တ�� �ကည���ရ��င� �ကည����ပ�ဖ���ပ� ရ��တယ�။"

လက�ရ�� �မန�မ����င�ငံ သတင��မ�ဒ�ယ�ဥပ�ဒ အခန�� (၃) ပ�ဒ�မ ၇ (က) အရ၊ သတင��သမ��တစ�ဦ�ဟ� စစ��ဖစ� ပ���ရ� �ဒသပ��ဖစ��ဖစ�၊ အဓ�က��ဏ���တ� အ�ရ�အခင���တ� ဆ���ပပ���တ�မ��ပ��ဖစ��ဖစ� စည��မ����စည��ကမ��န�� အည� သတင��ရယ�ခ�င��ရ��တယ�ဆ��တ�က�� အတ�အက� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�လ�� သတင��ရယ�ရ�မ��လည�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�အဖ���အစည���တ�က ဖမ��ဆ��ထ�န��သ�မ��တ�၊ သတင��မ�တ�တမ��ဖ�က�ဆ��တ�၊ သ�မ��ယ�တ��တ� မလ�ပ�ရဘ��လ��� အတ�အက� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၁၆ ရက��န�က ပထမဆ�ံ�လ�ပ�တ�� စစ��က�င�စ�သတင��စ�ရ�င��ပ��မ�� သတင���ထ�က��တ�ရ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�က�� ဘယ��လ�က�ထ� အ�မခံ���င�မလ�၊ သတင���ထ�က��တ� ဘယ��လ�က�ထ� လ�တ�လပ�စ�� သတင��ရယ� �ရ�သ��ခ�င��ရ��မလ�လ��� RFA က �မ��မန��ရ�မ�� �ပန��က���ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�န ဒ�ဝန��က�� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ� �ဇ��မင��ထ�န�� က “သတင��သမ���တ�ရ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�က�� အ�မခံမယ�၊ မခံဘ�� အတ�အက� မ��ပ����င�ဘ�� ” လ��� �ပန�လည� ��ဖ�က��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၁ ရက��န�က�န မတ�လ ၂ ရက��န�ထ� တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ�မ�� သတင��ရယ��နတ�� သတင���ထ�က� ၂၉ ဦ� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံခ��ရပ�တယ�။ �ပန�လ�တ��ပ�သ��တ�ရ��သလ�� �ပန�လ�တ��ပမယ�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံရတ�� သတင���ထ�က��တ� လည�� ရ��ပ�တယ�။ RFA က ရရ��ထ��တ��စ�ရင��အရ ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ�န�� အမ�ဖ�င��ခံရတ�� သတင���ထ�က� ၃ ဦ�ရ���န�ပ��ဖစ��ပ�� �ပန�မလ�တ��သ�တ�� သတင��သမ�� ၁၀ �ယ�က�ဝန��က�င� က�န��နပ�တယ�။ သတင��သမ��တခ����က���တ�� အင��စ�န��ထ�င�မ�� ထ�န��သ�မ��ခံထ��ရ�ပ�� အခ����က�တ�� ဘယ��နရ�မ�� ရ���နမ�န�� မသ�ရ�သ�ပ�ဘ��။

အခ�အခ��န�မ�� ဖမ��ဆ��တရ��စ��ခံ�နရတ�� သတင���ထ�က� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ၁၀ �ယ�က� ရ���နတယ�လ��� �ပင�သစ����င�ငံ အ��ခစ��က� RSF �ခ� နယ�စည��မ�ခ�� သတင���ထ�က�မ���အဖ���က ဒ��န�ထ�တ��ပန�ပ�တယ�။ ဖမ��ထ��တ��

Page 40 of 61

သတင���ထ�က�အ��လ�ံ�က�� �ခင��ခ�က�မရ�� ခ�က�ခ�င���ပန�လ�တ�ဖ���က��လည�� သတင��သမ��မ��� က�က�ယ� �စ�င���ရ��က��ရ�အဖ��� CPJ က မ�န�က�တ�င��ဆ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

���င�ငံ�ပ�င�� ၁၈၀ မ�� �မန�မ�ရ��သတင��လ�တ�လပ�ခ�င��အဆင��က ၁၃၉ မ��ရ��တယ�လ��� RSF အဖ���ရ�� �န�က�ဆ�ံ� ထ�တ��ပန�ထ��တ�� ��စ�စ��အစ�ရင�ခံစ�မ�� �ဖ���ပပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/two-journalists-charged-with-505a-03022021025455.html

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CDM လ�ပ�သည�� ဝန�ထမ�� �ထ�င�ခ�� တ���လ�

By ဧရ�ဝတ� | 2 March 2021

�န�ပည��တ��တ�င� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ဆန��က�င��ရ� က�န��မ��ရ�ဝန�ထမ��မ��� သပ�တ�စစ���က�င�� / ဧရ�ဝတ�

စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�က�� ဆန��က�င�သည�� အ�န�ဖင�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ�� �က�င�စ� လက��အ�က�တ�င� အလ�ပ� မလ�ပ����င���က�င�� လ�ပ� ရ���မ� Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) တ�င� ပ�ဝင�သည�� ဝန�ထမ�� �ထ�င���င��ခ�� တ���လ�လ�က�ရ����က�င�� CDM Supporting အဖ���မ���ထံက သ�ရသည�။

�မန�မ� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� အ�န�ဖင�� �ကည��လ�င� က�န��မ��ရ� က�သည� CDM ၁၀၀ ရ�ခ��င���န���ပည�� �အ�င��မင�သည�� က��ဖစ� ��က�င�� က�န��မ��ရ� ဝန�ထမ��မ���က သ�ံ�သပ�သည�။

“အက�န�လ�ံ� CDM ဆ���ပ�� သတ�မ�တ�လ��က�ရတ�မ�����တ�လည�� ရ��တယ�။ ဥပမ� �ဆ���ံ တ��ံမ�� ဆရ�ဝန� အ�ယ�က� ၂၀ �လ�က�ရ��ရင� ၁၈ �လ�က�က မသ����တ��တ�� အခ�က��တ�� အက�န�လ�ံ�က CDM �ဖစ�သ���တယ�။ Medical field က�န CDM �အ�င��မင�တယ�လ��� ��ပ�လ���ရတယ�။ ၁၀၀ ရ�ခ��င���န���အ�င��မင�တယ�လ����တ�င� ��ပ�လ���ရတယ�” ဟ� CDM တ�င� ပ� ဝင�သည�� ဆရ�ဝန��က��တဦ�က ��ပ�သည�။

“အစ���ရ �ဆ���ံ မရ��တ���နရ�တ��� �မ ���န��အလ�မ���ဝ�တ�� နယ��တ�မ�� ရ��တ���နရ�တ���က�တ�� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ�ရ�� အက����အတ�က� အ�ရ��ပ� အ��ခအ�န�တ�က�� CDM လ��� ��ကည�ထ���ပ���တ�� ဆက�လ�ပ��နတ�က���တ�� န��လည��ပ�ထ��တယ�” ဟ� ၎င��က ဆ��သည�။

က�န��မ��ရ� ဌ�နမ��� သ�မက တ��င���ဒသ�က����င�� �ပည�နယ�အသ��သ��ရ�� အ�ခ��ဌ�နမ���လည�� အလ��တ� CDM �ပ�လ�ပ�သ� တ���ပ���လ��န�ပ�� �ပည�ထ��ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�န လက��အ�က�ခံ ဌ�နမ�����င�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���မ���ပင� အပ�အဝင� �ဖစ�သည�။

CDM က�ည��ထ�က�ပံ��ရ� အဖ���မ���သ��� စ�ရင���ပ�သ�မ���သည� ပည��ရ� ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ က�န��မ��ရ���င�� အ��ကစ�� ဝန��က�� ဌ�န၊ စ��ပ����ရ���င�� က��သန�� �ရ�င��ဝယ��ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ စ�မံက�န�� ဘ���ရ���င�� စက�မ�ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ ပ����ဆ�င��ရ���င�� ဆက� သ�ယ��ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ သယံဇ�တ��င�� သဘ�ဝပတ�ဝန��က�င� ထ�န��သ�မ���ရ� ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ လ�ပ�စစ���င��စ�မ��အင� ဝန��က��ဌ�န တ���ရ�� ဝန�ထမ��မ��� အမ���ဆ�ံ� �ဖစ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

စစ�က��င��တ��င�� �ဒသ�က��တ�င� �န�စ�� Civil Disobedience Movement စ�ရင�� တက�လ�သ� ၄၀၀ မ� ၆၀၀ �က��ရ���န ��က�င�� စစ�က��င��တ��င�� �ဒသ�က��ှရ�� CDM �ထ�က�ပံ��ရ� အဖ���အစည��တခ�က သ�ရသည�။

Page 41 of 61

“က��န��တ���ဆ�မ��ဆ�� ၁ �န�က�� ၄၀၀ �လ�က� ဝင��နတ� ရ��တယ�။ ဒ��န�ဆ��ရင� �တ���တ�� မ���မ���တယ�။ တ�န�က�� ၄၀၀ က �န ၆၀၀ �လ�က�ရ��တယ�။ ပ�ံမ�န�ထက� ၃ ဆ�လ�က� ရ��တယ�” ဟ� အဆ��ပ� အဖ���မ� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� တဦ�က ဆ��သည�။

ပ�ခ��တ��င�� �ဒသ�က��၊ �န�ပည��တ����င�� ကခ�င��ပည�နယ�တ���တ�င� ၅ ရက�အတ�င�� CDM ဝန�ထမ�� ၆ �ထ�င��က���ခန�� စ�ရင�� �က�က�ယ� ရရ����က�င�� အဆ��ပ� တ��င���ဒသ�က����င�� �ပည�နယ�တ���မ� စ�ရင��မ��� �က�က�ယ��နသည�� CDM �ထ�က�ပံ��ရ� အဖ���က တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�တဦ�က ��ပ�သည�။

ရန�က�န�တ��င�� �ဒသ�က��တ�င�လည�� ရ�ဝန�ထမ��မ��� အပ�အဝင� ဌ�နအသ��သ��မ� CDM ဝန�ထမ��မ��� တ���ပ���လ��န�က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ၂၈ ရက�ကလည�� ရန�က�န�တ��င�� သတင��တပ�ဖ��� ယ�ယ�ရ�မ�� ဦ�တင�မင��ထ�န��က CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�တ�င� ပ�ဝင� လ��ပ��ဖစ���က�င�� ၎င��က��ယ�တ��င� ဗ��ဒ�ယ��ဖ��င��ဖင�� လ�သ�ရ�င��က�� ထ�တ��ဖ����ပ��က��ခ��သည�။

CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�မ��� ရပ�တန��ရန�အတ�က� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ�� �က�င�စ�က �ခ�မ����ခ�က�ဖ�အ���ပ��ခင��၊ ဖမ��ဆ���ခင��၊ မက�လ�ံ� �ပ� စ���ဆ�င��ခင�� စသည�� နည��လမ��မ����စ�ံက��လည�� အသ�ံ��ပ�လ�က�ရ��သည�။

သ����သ��လည�� CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�မ���မ�� တစထက� တစတ���ပ���လ��န�ပ�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ���က�င�စ�အ�န�ဖင�� လ�ံ�ဝ လ�ပ�ငန�� လည�ပတ�လ��� မရ�တ��သည�� အ�နအထ��သ��� �ရ�က�လ��ဖစ��ပ�သ�ဖင�� ဆက�လက� တ�န��အ���ပ� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�ရန� လ��အပ� ��က�င�� CDM �ထ�က�ပံ��ရ� အဖ���မ���က ��ပ�သည�။

“CDM လ����ခ�တ�� အ�ဏ�ဖ�ဆန�မ�မ�� ၁၀၀ ရ�ခ��င���န�� ပ�ဝင�လ��က�ပ�။ တကယ��က�� လက�ရ�� စစ��က�င�စ� ဘယ�လ��မ� ��န��ကန� လ��� မရဘ��။ ဘယ�လ��မ� လ�ပ�ငန�� လည�ပတ�လ��� မရဘ��။ ဒ� အရမ���သခ��တယ�။ ဒ���က�င�� CDM ဝန�ထမ���တ�က�� က�မတ��� က ဒ��နရ�က�န�ပ�� အ��လည�� အ���ပ�ပ�တယ�။ �လ�လည�� �လ�စ��ပ�တယ�။ အသ�အမ�တ�လည�� �ပ�ပ�တယ�”ဟ� CDM �ထ�က�ပံ��ရ�အဖ��� တခ�မ� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ�က ဆ��သည�။

“CDM ဝန�ထမ���တ� လ�ံ�ဝ အ��မ�လ���ပ�န��။ အ��တင��ထ���ကပ�။ က�မတ��� အ��လ�ံ� �အ�င�ပ��က�� သ���မယ�။ အခ��န�ဘ�မ� မလ���တ��ပ�ဘ��” ဟ�လည�� ၎င��က ဆက���ပ�သည�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၁ ရက� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� ရလဒ�က�� လက�မခံ���င� ဟ�ဆ��က� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အတ��င�ပင�ခံပ�ဂ� ��လ���င�� သမ�တအပ�အဝင� အစ���ရအဖ���ဝင�မ���၊ ပ�တ�ထ�ပ�ပ��င���ခ�င���ဆ�င�မ���၊ လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�မ���က�� ဖမ��ဆ��က� စစ�တပ�က အ�ဏ� သ�မ��ခ��သည�။

စစ�တပ�၏ အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�က�� ဆန��က�င�သည�� အစ���ရ ဝန�ထမ��မ���က လ�ထ� မန�ခံ�ရ� လ�ပ�ရ���မ��ဖစ�သည�� CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ� က�� �ပ�လ�ပ��နသလ��၊ တ��င���ဒသ�က����င�� �ပည�နယ�အ��ံ� �န�စ�� လ��ထ�င��သ�င��ခ���ပ�� ဆ���ပမ�မ��� �ပ�လ�ပ�လ�က�ရ���ခင�� ��က�င�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ�� �က�င�စ�ကလည�� လ�ရ��ပ�င��မ���စ��က�� ဖမ��ဆ����ံတင�မက လ� ၃၀ ဦ�ထက� မနည��က�� ပစ�ခတ� သတ��ဖတ�ခ��သည�။

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/2021/03/02/238812.html

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�ပည�သ��အစ���ရ �ပန�တက�မ� တ�ဝန�ထမ��မည�ဟ� ဗန���မ��CDM သစ��တ�ဝန�ထမ��မ��� ထ�တ��ပန�

Published By DVB | 2 March, 2021

�ပည�သ��အစ���ရ �ပန�တက�မ� လ�ပ�ငန��တ�ဝန��တ� �ပန�ထမ���ဆ�င�မ���ဖစ��ပ�� အ�ဏ�ဖ�ဆန��ရ�လ�ပ�ရ���မ� (CDM) ဆက�လက�ပ���ပ�င��ပ�ဝင�သ���မယ�လ��� ဗန���မ��ခ���င�အဆင�� �တ�အ�ပ��က�� ဦ��ဆ�င�တ�� သစ��တ�ဝန�ထမ���တ�က ��ကည�ခ�က� ထ�တ��ပန�လ��က�ပ�တယ�။

Page 42 of 61

ကခ�င��ပည�နယ� ဗန���မ��ခ���င���ံ�က သစ��တ�ဝန�ထမ�� ၃ ဦ�န�� ဗန���မ��၊ မံစ�၊ �ရ�က� စတ�� �မ ���နယ�သ�ံ�ခ�က CDM လ�ပ�ထ��တ�� သစ��တ�ဝန�ထမ�� ၁၆ ဦ�တ���က မ�န�က ��ကည�ခ�က�ထ�တ��ပန�လ��က�တ�ပ�။

တ�ဝန�ထမ���ဆ�င�တ��က�လတ�လ��က� တည�ဆ�ဥပ�ဒ နည��ဥပ�ဒ�တ�က�� �လ�စ��လ��က�န�ခ���က�ပ�� �ပည�သ��တ�ရ�� အခ�န�အခန�� လစ�ခံစ���နတ�� ဝန�ထမ���တ��ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� �ပည�သ�ဘက�က ရပ�တည��ပ�� အခ�လ�� သ�ဘ�ထ��ထ�တ��ပန�တ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

CDM မ�� ပ���ပ�င��ပ�ဝင�တ�ဟ� အလ�ပ�ထ�က�တ�မဟ�တ�ဘ� �ပည�သ��အစ���ရ �ပန�တက�ခ��န�မ�� တ�ဝန��တ�က�� �ပန�လည�ထမ���ဆ�င�မ���ဖစ��ပ�� �ပည�သ��အ�ဏ� �ပည�သ��တ�ဆ� �ပန��ရ�က�တ��အထ� CDM �ပ�လ�ပ�သ���မယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

သ�ဘ�ထ��ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�အ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ���ပ��က��မတ� ( CRPH) က�� �ပ�ပ���ထ��တယ�လ��� သ�ရပ�တယ�။

ဗန���မ��ခ���င� �မ ���နယ��လ�ခ�ထ�က မ����မ�က��မ ���နယ� သစ��တ�ဦ�စ��ဌ�န ဝန�ထမ���တ�က�တ�� CDM မ�� မပ�ဝင�လ��သ�ဘ��လ���သ�ရပ�တယ�။ CDM သစ��တ�ဝန�ထမ��တဦ�က "က��န��တ��� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂ ရက��န�ကစ�ပ�� CDM လ�ပ��ကတ� အ��ဒ�ရက�ကစ�ပ�� အထက�အဆင��ဆင��အရ�ရ���တ�ရ�� ဖ�အ���ပ�တ�က�� �တ�က��လ��က�ခံရတ��တ�ရ��တယ�။ လက�ရ��မ��က�� က��န��အပ�အဝင� �တ���တ��မ���မ���က တစ��နရ�ထ�မ��မ�နရဘ� တ�မ���ရ��င��နရတယ�။ အ�မ�ပတ�ဝန��က�င�က���တ�� ရ�န��စစ�တပ�က တစ�ခ����လ��ကည��တ��တ�ရ���နတ�န��ပ�။ က��န��လည�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ��ပ��သ��ပ� အဆ�ံ�ထ�တ��က�ပ��ဝင�ဖ���က��။ မတရ��တ�� အ�ပ�ခ��ပ�မ��အ�က�မ�� ရ��ထ��တ�� ရ�ထ��က��ဖက�တ�ယ��နရင� က��ယ��ရ� က��ယ��မ����ဆက�ပ� သမ��င��တရ��ခံ�ဖစ�မ���လ၊ အ��လ��ဘဝမ�����တ��အ�ရ�က�မခံဘ��။ လ�ပ��ပ�သန��စ�� �ပည�သ�န��အတ� ရပ�တည�သ���မ��ပ�” လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

http://burmese.dvb.no/archives/448061

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KNU နယ���မရ�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��သ�� ၁၀ ဦ��က���CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�တ�င� ပ�ဝင�လ�

မတ�လ ၂ ရက�၊၂၀၂၁ခ���စ�။ �ကအ��င�စ�

လတ�တ�လ� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ဆန��က�င��ရ� အ�ဏ�ဖ�ဆန�မ� ( CDM) လ�ပ�ရ���မ�တ�င� �ကအ�န�ယ� - ကရင�အမ����သ��အစည��အ��ံ� (တပ�မဟ� ၅) နယ���မတ�င�� အ��ခခ�သည�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��သ�� ၁၀ ဦ��က��� ပ�ဝင�လ�သည�ဟ� သ�ရသည�။

�ကအ�န�ယ� တပ�မဟ� ၅ ��ပ�ခ�င��ရသ� ပဒ��မန��မန��မန��က “ အခ�က�တ�� ၁ဝ �က����ပ���ပ�� �န��။ �န�က�ထပ� လ����င�မယ�� အလ��အလ��တ�လည�� ရ�����င�ပ��သ�တယ�။ အ�ကမ��ဖက� စစ�အ�ပ�စ�ရ�� လ�ပ�ရပ��တ��ပ�မ��က�တ�� သ�မန�ဌ�နဆ��င�ရ�ဝန�ထမ���တ�မကဘ�န�� တပ�မ�တ�� သ���တ�ကလည��ပ�သ�လ�ပ��ပ��။ အ�ဒ�က�� အ��ရ�က ��ဆ��တယ�လ���ပ� ��ပ�ရမ���ဖစ�ပ�တယ�”ဟ� �ကအ��င�စ�သ��� အတည��ပ���ပ�သည�။

အဆ��ပ� CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�တ�င� ပ�ဝင�လ�သည�� တပ�မ�တ��သ��မ���ထ�တ�င� ဆယ��က��� သက�အရ�ယ� တပ�သ��အဆင��အမ���စ� �ဖစ��ပ�� အခ����မ�� လက�နက�ခ�ယမ��မ���အတ� ယ��ဆ�င�လ�က� လက�ရ��တ�င� ၎င��တ��� ၏ လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ���င�� �နထ��င�စ���သ�က��ရ�က�� �ကအ�န�ယ� တပ�မဟ� ၅က စ�စ��ထ��သည�ဟ�လည�� ပဒ��မန��မန��မန��က ဆက���ပ�သည�။

Page 43 of 61

�ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၆ ရက��န�က ထ�တ��ပန�သည�� �ကအ�န�ယ� မ���တ��ခ���င� (တပ�မဟ� ၅ ) ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ���က�င�� �ဖစ��ပ�လ��သ� အ�ကမ��မဖက�သည�� �င�မ�� ခ�မ��စ�� ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ���သ� လ�ထ�လ�ပ�ရ���မ�မ�န�သမ�က�� �ထ�က�ခံဝန��ရံပ�ံပ���သ���မည��ဖစ��ပ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ��စ��ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ���သ� လ�ထ�လ�ပ�ရ���မ�မ���အ�� အ�ဏ�သ�မ��အစ���ရမ� အ�ကမ��ဖက� ���မ�နင���ခင��မ���၊ ဖမ��ဆ���ခင��မ�����င�� တရ��စ��ဆ���ခင��မ���အ�� မ�ပ�လ�ပ�ရန� �တ�င��ဆ�� ထ��သည�။

http://kicnews.org/2021/03/knu-နယ္ေျမရ��-ျမ����တ�ပ�/

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စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�ဆန��က�င��ရ� ���င�ငံအ��ံ�ဆ���ပပ��မ�� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ��ခ�က��ယ�က� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ

�နရ�န��က���(ဝ�ရ�င�တန� ဒ�စ�) | 2021-03-02

စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��တ� ဒ��န�ဆ��ရင� ရက��ပ�င�� ၃၀ ရ���န�ပ��ဖစ��ပ�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က က�ည�အစစ��တ�သ�ံ��ပ�� �ဖ ��ခ��တ���က�င�� �သဆ�ံ�သ�ကလည�� ၃၀ ဝန��က�င�အထ�ရ���နပ�တယ�။ �သဆ�ံ�ဒဏ�ရ�ရ တ��တ�ရ���န�ပမယ�� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ကန��က�က�ဆ���ပတ��တ�က�တ�� �န�စ��ရက�ဆက�ရ���နပ�တယ�။ ဒ��န� မ��လည�� က�လ�၊ ရန�က�န�န�� ထ��ဝယ��မ ����တ�မ�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က အင�အ��သ�ံ� �ဖ ��ခ�င��ခ��လ��� ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ��သ��ပ�င�� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ��ခ�က��ယ�က�ရ���ပ��၊ ၂၀ �က���ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရပ�တယ�။

ရန�က�န��မ ���ထ�မ�� ဆ���ပ�ပည�သ��တ�က�� စစ�တပ�န��ရ�က ဒ��န�မ��လည�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ��တ�၊ အသံဗ�ံ��တ�န�� ပစ�ခတ��ဖ ��ခ��သလ�� �သနတ�န��ပ� အ�ကမ��ဖက�ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

တ��မ��မ ���နယ� န�� မဂ�လ��တ�င���န���မ ���နယ�အစပ� မဂ�လ��ဈ�န��မ�� စစ�တပ�န��ရ��တ�က ဒ��န� မနက�ထ�က �နရ�ယ�ထ���ပ�� ၉ န�ရ��လ�က�မ��တစ��က�မ� �သနတ�ပစ��ဖ�က�ခ��သလ�� ည�နပ��င��မ���တ�� လ�အ�ပ�က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက����မ�နင��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ဆ���ပသ��တ� အမ���အ�ပ��စ��ဝ��နတ�� ��မန�က�န��န�� လ�ည��တန��လမ��ဆ�ံ အန��ပတ�ဝန��က�င��တ�မ��လည�� စစ�တပ�န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က အင�အ��အမ���အ�ပ�� �နရ�ယ�ထ���ပ�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� �ဖ ��ခ���နပ�တယ�။ ��မန�က�န�� အန��က ဗ��ဂရ�လမ��န�� က�န���တ�လမ��မ��လည�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က မ�က�ရည�ယ�� ဗ�ံ��တ�သ�ံ��ပ�� လ�စ�ခ��ခ��တ��အ�ပင� အ�ဒ�ထ�က ဆ���ပသ� ��စ�ဦ�က��လည�� ဖမ��ဆ��သ���ပ�တယ�။

လ�င��မ ���နယ� ကမ�ရ�တ�ဘ�တ���ံလမ��မ��ရ��တ�� လ�ငယ�သပ�တ�စခန���တ�က�� ဒ��န��န�လယ� ၁၂ န�ရ��လ�က�မ�� ရ�ဘ�က�ည��တ�၊ မ��ခ���ဗ�ံ�၊ �လ�ခ��တ�န�� လ��က�လံပစ�ခတ� အ�ကမ��ဖက��ဖ ��ခ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

လ�င��မ ���နယ� ၉ ရပ�က�က�ထ�အထ� စစ�သ���တ� ဝင��ရ�က�လ��ပ�� မ��ခ���ဗ�ံ�၊ အသံမ��င��၊ ရ�ဘ�က�ည��တ�န�� ပစ�ခတ�အ�ကမ��ဖက�ဝင��ရ�က�ခ���ပ�� လမ��အတ�င��က အသံခ���စက��တ�က�� ���က�ခ����ဖ�က�ဆ��သ���ပ�တယ�။

ရပ�က�က�ထ�မ�� ရ��တ��သ��တ�၊ သပ�တ��မ��က��နသ��တ�န�� တစ�ဖက�န��တစ�ဖက� အ�ခ�အတင� ဆ�တ��တ�လည�� �ဖစ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။ �န�လယ� ၁ န�ရ�ခ��အထ� တစ�ဦ�ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��သ���တယ�လ���သ�ရ�ပ�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရတ�� အ��ခအ�နက�� �တ�� မသ�ရ�သ�ပ�ဘ��။

ရန�က�န��မ ���လယ�က အ�န��ရထ�လမ���ပ�မ�� ဆ���ပ�နသ��တ�က�� မနက�ပ��င��မ�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က �ဖ ��ခ�င��ခ��တ���က�င�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က မဟ�ဗ���လလမ���ပ�မ�� ��ပ�င���ရ��ဆ���ပခ���ကပ�တယ�။

စစ�က��င��တ��င��၊ က�လ��မ ���မ��လည�� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�စနစ�တ��က�ဖ�က��ရ� ဆ���ပ�ပည�သ��တ�က�� စစ�တပ�န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ��� က ပစ�ခတ��ဖ ��ခ�င��ခ��တ���က�င�� �လ��ယ�က� ဒဏ�ရ��ပင���ပင��ထန�ထန�ရခ��ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�ထ�က ��စ��ယ�က� က�တ�� စ���ရ�မ�ရတယ�လ��� မ�က��မင��တ��ရ��သ��တ�က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ သ�တ��� ၄ �ယ�က�က�� က�လ��မ ���က ပ�ဂ�လ�က

Page 44 of 61

�ဆ���ံတစ�ခ�မ�� က�သ�ပ��နပ�တယ�။ ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ� တစ�ဦ�ရ�� မ�သ��စ�ဝင�က �ဆ�ဝ��က�သဖ��� ပ��မ���က�င��မ�န�တ�� �နရ�က�� ��ပ�င���ရ��က�သဖ��� �ပင�ဆင��နတယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က �ဖ ��ခ�င��ရ�မ�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ��တ�၊ ရ�ဘ�က�ည��တ�အ�ပင� က�ည�အစစ��တ�က�� သ�ံ�ခ��တယ�လ��� မ�က��မင��တ��ရ��သ� တခ����က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ �ဆ���ံမ�� က�သ�နရတ�� �လ�ဦ�အ�ပင� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ� ထ�မ�န��ပ�� ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ��တ�ရ���ပမယ�� အ�ဒ�သ��တ�က�တ�� ဒဏ�ရ� မ�ပင��ထန�တ���က�င�� �ပင�ပမ�� က�သ�န တယ�လ��� ��ပ��ကပ�တယ�။

တနသ��ရ�တ��င��၊ ထ��ဝယ��မ ���မ�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က �မ ���တ�င��မ�� ဒ��န�လ�ည��ပ�� ဆ���ပခ��ပ�တယ�။ �ပ��ခ��တ���ဖ�ဖ�� ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န�က ဆ���ပပ��မ�� �သနတ�ထ�မ�န��သဆ�ံ�ခ��တ�� ထ��ဝယ��မ ���ခံ က��လ�င�လ�င�ဦ�ရ�� �နအ�မ��ရ��က�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က ဒ��န�သ����ရ�က� အ�လ��ပ�ခ���ကပ�တယ�။ အ��ဒ�လ�� ဆ���ပသ��တ� သ����ရ�က� အ�လ��ပ� �နခ��န�မ�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က �သဆ�ံ�သ���သ�ရ�� �နအ�မ�အန��ပတ�ဝန��က�င�က�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ��တ�သ�ံ��ပ�� ပစ�ခတ��ဖ ��ခ�� ခ��ပ�တယ�။

စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ကန��က�က�ဆ���ပရင�� �သဆ�ံ�သ���သ�က�� သ����ရ�က�ဂ�ရဝ�ပ�ခ��န�မ�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က �န�က�က�န လ��ပ�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ�န�� ပစ�ခတ�ခ��တ�လ��� �ဒသခံက��မင��လ�င�ဦ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

အ�ဒ�လ���ဖ ��ခ�င��ခံရတ���က�င�� �ပည�သ��တ�ဟ� အဖ����တ�ခ���ပ�� �မ ���တ�င��မ�� ဆက�လက�ဆ���ပခ���က ပ�တယ�။ ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� ဥတ�ံတ���က��လမ��ဆ�ံမ�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က အင�အ��သ�ံ��ဖ ��ခ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ ထ��ဝယ��မ ���မ�� ဆ���ပ သ��တ�က�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န�က ဖမ��ဆ��သ���တ�� ၁၈ �ယ�က�ထ�က တစ��ယ�က�က�� �ပန�လ�တ�လ��က��ပ�� ၁၇ �ယ�က�က�� ဆက�လက�ဖမ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရပ�တယ�။

မ�က��တ��င��၊ �စတ�တ�ရ��မ ���နယ�မ��လည�� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�စနစ�ဆန��က�င�သ��တ�ဟ� မ�န��တမံ �ပ�မ�� ဆ���ပခ��ပ�တယ�။ စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�ဆန��က�င��ရ�၊ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�ရရ���ရ�၊ ဖမ��ဆ��ခံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င�မ��� အ�မန�လ�တ��ရ� �တ�င��ဆ��ခ���ကပ�တယ�။

မ�က���မ ���မ���တ�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န�က ဆ���ပပ��မ�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသ� ၅၇ �ယ�က�ထ�က ၁၉ �ယ�က�က�� မ�န�က �ပန�လ�တ��ပ�လ��က��ပ�� က�န�တ�� ၃၈ �ယ�က�က�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (ဂ) န�� မ�က���မ ���နယ� တရ����ံ�မ�� ရမန�ယ�ထ��ပ�တယ�။ ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (ဂ) က���လ�န���က�င�� တရ�� ��ံ�က ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ရင� အ�မင��ဆ�ံ� �ထ�င�ဒဏ� ၂ ��စ�အထ� က�ခံရ���င��ပ�� �င�ဒဏ�လည��ခ�မ�တ�ခံရ���င�ပ�တယ�။

ဧရ�ဝတ�တ��င��၊ ပ�သ�မ��မ ���မ���တ�� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ကန��က�က�ဆ���ပသ� သ�ံ��ထ�င��က���က ရပ�က�က��တ�ထ�မ�� လ�ည���ပ�� ဆ���ပခ��ပ�တယ�။ တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က �မ ���လယ�မ�� �နရ�ယ�ထ��တ���က�င�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က အ�ဒ��နရ�က�� မသ���ဘ� �ရ��င��ပ�� ဆ���ပခ��တ�ပ�။

ကရင��ပည�နယ� ဘ��အံ�မ ���မ���တ�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က အဖ����တ�ခ���ပ�� အင�အ��အမ���အ�ပ��န�� လ�ည��လည�သ���လ��နတ���က�င�� �ဒသခံ�ပည�သ��တ�က �န�က�ရက�မ� ဆ���ပဖ��� �ရ��ဆ��င��လ��က�ပ�တယ�။ ဓ�တ�ပ�ံဆ��င��တ�န�� ဗ����င��ပ��စတ�ထ�တ�တ�� ဆ��င��တ�က��လည�� ဝင��ရ�က�စစ��ဆ� ဖမ��ဆ���နတယ�လ��� �ဒသခံ �တ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ ဘ��အံ�မ ���အဝင�က တံတ��မ��လည�� သ���လ�သ��တ�က�� တ��ဆ��စစ��ဆ��နပ�တယ�။

ကခ�င��ပည�နယ�၊ �မစ��က��န���မ ���မ��လည�� လ�ငယ��တ�က စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�အလ��မရ����က�င�� ပ��စတ�ကပ�တ�� လ�ပ�ရ���မ�က�� ကမ��န��လမ��မ�� ဒ��န�မနက�က လ�ပ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�ဗ����င���တ�က�� မနက� ၉ န�ရ�ဝန��က�င�မ�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က လ��ဖ�တ�သ���ပ�တယ�။ �မ ���တ�င��မ���တ�� လ�ငယ��တ�ကဆ��င�ကယ�န�� ပတ��ပ��ဆ���ပခ��ပ�တယ�။

ခ�င���ပည�နယ� ဟ��ခ���မ ���မ���တ�� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�က�ဆ�ံ��ရ� ဆ��တ�င��ပ��က�� ဒ��န�မနက�က လ�ပ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။ မင��တပ�၊ မတ�ပ�န�� ထန�တလန��မ ���မ���တ�� �ဒသခံ�တ�က စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ကန��က�က���က�င�� �မ ���တ�င��မ�� လ�ည��လည� ဆ���ပခ��ပ�တယ�။ ဟ��ခ��မ��မ�န�ကဆ���ပသ� ၂၃ ဦ�က�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က ဖမ��ဆ��သ���ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ� ထ�မ��

Page 45 of 61

ခ�င��တ�င��ပ���(စ�) သတင���ထ�က�တစ��ယ�က�လည�� ပ�ဝင�ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�ထ�က ၁၉ �ယ�က�က�� ဒ��န� �ပန�လ�တ��ပ�မယ�လ��� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က ��ပ�ထ��ပ�တယ�။

ဖလမ���မ ���မ�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န�က ဖမ��ဆ��သ���သ��တ�ထ�က သ�ံ�ဦ�က�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည����ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (ခ) န�� တရ��စ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ���က�င�� ဒ��န�တစ��န�လ�ံ� ဆ���ပပ���တ�မ�� ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ��သ� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ��ခ�က��ယ�က�ရ���ပ�� အဖမ��ခံရတ�� သ�က ၂၀ �က���ရ��ပ�တယ�။ စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��လ��က�တ�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၁ ရက��န�က�န မ�န�ကအထ� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���က ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� ပစ�ခတ��ဖ ��ခ��မ���က�င�� �သဆ�ံ�ခ��ရသ� ၃၀ ဝန��က�င�ရ���န�ပ�� ဖမ��ဆ��တရ��စ��ဆ�� �ပစ�ဒဏ�ခ�ခံရသ� တစ��ထ�င����စ�ရ��က���ရ����က�င�� ���င�ငံ�ရ�အက����သ��မ��� က�ည��စ�င���ရ��က��ရ�အသင�� AAPP က ထ�တ��ပန�ထ��ပ�တယ�။ ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသ��တ�ထ�က ၃၀၀ ဝန��က�င�က �ပန�လည�လ�တ���မ�က�လ��ပ�� ဆက�လက�ဖမ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရသ� က���ရ��က���ရ��တယ�လ���လည�� AAPP က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/military-shot-civilians-at-least-six-people-wound- 03022021054337.html

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မတ� ၁ ရက�အထ� ဖမ��ဆ��၊ တရ��စ��ဆ��၊ �ပစ�ဒဏ�ခ�မ�တ�ခံရသ� ၁၂၀၀ �က���ရ��လ��ပ�� �သဆ�ံ�သ� ၃၀ ခန��ရ����က�င�� AAPP ထ�တ��ပန�

Published 2 March 2021

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၁ ရက�မ� မတ� ၁ ရက�အထ� ဖမ��ဆ��၊ တရ��စ��ဆ��၊ �ပစ�ဒဏ�ခ�မ�တ�ခံရသ� ၁၂၁၃ ဦ�ရ���ပ�� �သဆ�ံ�သ� ၃၀ ခန��ရ����က�င�� ���င�ငံ�ရ�အက����သ��မ���က�ည��စ�င���ရ��က��ရ�အသင�� (AAPP) က ထ�တ��ပန�သည�။

၎င��တ���အနက� �ထ�င�ဒဏ�ခ�မ�တ�ခံရသ� �လ�ဦ�၊ အမ�ဖ�င��ဖမ��ဝရမ��ထ�တ��ခင��ခံထ��ရသ� ၆၁ ဦ���င�� �ပန�လည�လ�တ���မ�က�သ� ၃၀၀ ရ��၍ ဖမ��ဆ��၊ တရ��စ��ဆ��၊ �ပစ�ဒဏ�ခ�မ�တ�ခံရသ� အ�ရအတ�က�မ�� မတ� ၁ ရက�အထ� ၉၁၃ ဦ� �ဖစ�က� �သဆ�ံ�သ� ၃၀ ခန��ရ����က�င�� AAPP မ�တ�တမ��မ���အရ သ�ရသည�။

“အရင�က နယ��တ�မ�� �ဖ ��ခ�င��မ��တ� လ�ပ�တယ�။ အခ�က ရန�က�န�မ�� �ဖ ��ခ�င��မ��တ� လ�ပ�လ�တယ�။ လ�ပ�လ�တ��အခ�မ��လည�� မတရ��သ�ဖင�� ည�င��ပန�����ပ�စက��ပ�� ဖမ��ဆ��တ��က�စ��တ� က�န��တ��တ��� �တ��ရတယ�။ ဖမ��မ�သ���တ��သ�က�� က���ပ�က�� အတင��ကန��ပ���တ�� တင�တ�တ���၊ လမ��မ�� ���က�တ�တ���။ ဒ�က�စ��တ�က တကယ��က�� မတရ��ည�င��ပန�� ���ပ�စက�မ� �ဖစ�တယ��ပ���န��။ လ�တစ��ယ�က�က�� ဖမ��မ�သ����ပ�ဆ��ရင� အ�ဒ�လ�က ခ�ခံတ� ဘ�ည� မရ��ဘ��ဆ��ရင� ဘ�မ�အ�ကမ��ဖက�စရ�မလ��အပ�ဘ��။ ဒ�က�� သ�တ��� မတရ��သ�ဖင�� ည�င��ပန�����ပ�စက��ပ�� ဖမ��တ��တ� က�န��တ��တ��� �တ��ရတယ�” ဟ� AAPP ရန�က�န���ံ�တ�ဝန�ခံ ဦ��အ�င�မ�����က���က ��ပ��က��သည�။

ရန�က�န�ရ�� ဆ���ပလ�ထ� အဓ�ကစ��ဝ�ရ� ��မန�က�န��၊ လ�ည��တန�� အပ�အဝင� �မ ���နယ� အသ��သ��တ�င� �ဖစ�ပ���လ�က�ရ��သည�� ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ��မ�မ���က�� တပ�မ�တ����င�� ရ�တပ�ဖ���ဝင�မ���က �ရ��ဘ�က�ည�၊ မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ�၊ အသံဗ�ံ���င�� အခ�����နရ�မ���တ�င� �ဖ ��ခ��မ�မ�����က�င�� �သဆ�ံ�သ�အခ������င�� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ� အမ���အ�ပ��ရ����က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

ထ����ပင� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၆ ရက�မ�စ၍ �ဒသအမ���စ�တ�င� ဆ����ပလ�ထ�စစ���က�င��မ��� စတင�မထ�က�ခ��မ�မ��ပင� �ဖ ��ခ��မ�မ��� �ပ�လ�ပ�ခ��ရ� �န�စ��ဆ���ပ �ပည�သ�ရ�ဂဏန��ဝန��က�င���င�� သတင��ရယ�လ�က�ရ��သည�� သတင���ထ�က�အခ����ပ� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရ�ခင��မ���ရ���နသည�။

Page 46 of 61

ယခ�က��သ��� �ဖ ��ခ�����မ�နင��မ�မ���သည� ဂ��န�ဗ�သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�အ�ပင� အ�ပည��ပည�ဆ��င�ရ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ��ကည�စ�တမ��တ�����င�� ရ�င��လင��စ��ဆန��က�င��န�ပ�� ည�င��ပန�����ပ�စက�မ�က�� က���လ�န���န�ခင���ဖစ�သည�ဟ� AAPP က ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� မ�တ�ခ�က��ပ�ထ��သည�။

ထ����ပင� သဘ�ဝ�ဘ�အ� �ရ�ယ�ဆ��င�ရ� ဥပ�ဒ၊ ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�ဥပ�ဒတ����ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရသည�� ���င�ငံ�တ��သမ�တ ဦ�ဝင���မင����င�� ���င�ငံ�တ��၏ အတ��င�ပင�ခံပ�ဂ� ��လ�တ���က�� မတ� ၁ ရက�က ဇမ��သ�ရ��မ ���နယ� တရ����ံ�တ�င� ��ံ�ထ�တ�စ�� ရ�ဇသတ��က��ဥပ�ဒ ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅ (ခ) ၊ ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�ဥပ�ဒပ�ဒ�မ ၆၇ တ����ဖင�� ထပ�တ���တရ��စ���ခင��မ���က ���င�ငံ�ရ� �သဇ�ရ���ပ�� �ပည�သ��ထ�က�ခံမ�က��ရရ��သည�� ���င�ငံ��ခ�င���ဆ�င�မ���က�� ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က�ရ��ရ���ဖင�� ��စ�ရ�ည��ထ�င�ဒဏ�မ��� ခ�မ�တ����င�ရန� ပ�ဒ�မမ����စ�ံတပ�က� တရ��စ��ဆ���ခင���ဖစ���က�င�� AAPP ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� �ဖ���ပပ�ရ��သည�။

လက�ရ�� �ဖစ�ပ���လ�က�ရ���သ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ�မ�����က�င�� ���င�ငံတက� အသ��က�အဝန��အ�န�ဖင�� ထ�တ��ပန� ��ကည�ခ�က�မ��� ထ�တ��ပန��န��ံ�ဖင�� မလ�ံ�လ�က��တ����က�င��၊ ထ��ရ�က��သ� အ�ရ�ယ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ�မ��� �ပ�လ�ပ�ရန� လ��အပ��န�ပ� �ဖစ���က�င�� AAPP ၏ ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� �ဖ���ပထ��သည�။

https://news-eleven.com/article/205445

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အ�ရ�တက�� အ�ရ�အပ�ဆ�ံ� လမ��ဆ�ံလမ��ခ� သ���မဟ�တ� �မန�မ����င�ငံက�� �ပန�လည�ပ�ံ�ဖ��ခင��

Ashley South | 2 March 2021

တ��င��ရင��သ��လ�ငယ�မ���၏ သပ�တ�စစ���က�င��က�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လအတ�င��က �မင�ရစ�� / GSCN

ယခ�အခ��န�သည� �မန�မ����င�ငံအတ�က� အန�ဂတ� လ�မည����စ�မ���စ��က�� ပ�ံ�ဖ��ပ�မည�� လ�န�စ��ထ���ခ��လ��သ� အခ��န�အခ��ဖစ�သည�။�မန�မ�စစ�တပ�၏ စ�က�ဖက�မ�သည� ကပ�ဆ����ဖစ��သ��လည�� ဗမ�အမ���စ���င�� တ��င��ရင��သ��လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��မ���အ�က�� ဆက�ဆံ�ရ�က�� �ပန�လည�ပ�ံ�ဖ��ခင��သ��� ဦ�တည�သ������င�သည�။ တ��င��ရင��သ��လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���အစည��မ���သည� အ�ရ�ပ��သ�အခန��မ� ပ�ဝင�ရမည��ဖစ�သည�။

ယခ�အခ��န�သည� ၁၉၈၈ ခ���စ��န�က�ပ��င�� �မန�မ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အ�ရ��တ��ပ�ံတ�င� အထ���ခ��ဆ�ံ��သ� က�လ�ဖစ�သည�။

�ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁ ရက��န� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�အတ�က� စစ�တပ�က�ပ��သ� ဆင���ခမ�� ၂၀၂၀ �ပည����စ� ���ဝင�ဘ�လက က�င��ပ�သ��ရ���က�က�ပ��မ���တ�င� မ�မသမ�မ�ရ��သည�ဆ��သည�� လ�ပ�ဇ�တ��ဖစ�သည�။

သ����သ��လ�န�ခ���သ���စ�က �ရ���က�က�ပ����င��ပတ�သက�သည�� အဓ�က �ပဿန�မ�� သန���ပ�င��မ���စ���သ� တ��င��ရင��သ�� ���င�ငံသ��မ��� အထ��သ�ဖင�� �ပည�ပတ�င� အလ�ပ�လ�ပ��န�သ� သ���မဟ�တ� ပဋ�ပက��ဒသတ�င��နထ��င�သ�မ��� မ��ပ�ခ�င��မရ�ခင��ပင��ဖစ�သည�။

တခ��န�တည��တ�င� အမ����သ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အဖ��ခ��ပ� NLD အစ���ရသည� အ�ဏ�ရအစ���ရဆ��သည�� အက�����က��ဇ��က�� ခံစ���န�ပ�� အထ��သ�ဖင��ဆ��ရပ�က က��ဗစ���င��ပတ�သက��သ� ကန��သတ�ခ�က�မ�����က�င�� ပ�တ�ငယ�မ���သည�

Page 47 of 61

မ�ဆ�ယ�ခ�င��မရ�က�ပ။ တ��င��ရင��သ�����င�ငံသ��မ���၏ အခ�င��အ�ရ�က�� စစ�တပ�က အ�ဏ�သ�မ��ခ��န�တ�င� ထ�တ��ဖ���ပ�ဆ��မ�မရ���ခင��သည� အံ��သစရ�မဟ�တ��ပ။

တ��င��ရင��သ�� လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��မ���အတ�က� ထ���ခ��မ� ရ��မရ��က�� မ�တ��ဆ�အမ���အ�ပ��က အ�ဏ�သ�မ���ပ�� ပထမအပတ�အတ�င�� �မ��မန��လ��ကသည�။ မ�တ��ဆ�တဦ���ပ�သည��အတ��င�� ��ပ�ရပ�က “ပ�လ�မန� အ�ဏ�ရ�င�စနစ�က�န စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�စနစ�က����ပ�င��သ���တ�က တ��င��ရင��သ���တ�အတ�က� ဘ�မ� အဓ�ပ��ယ�သက��ရ�က�မ��မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ NLD အစ���ရက တ��င��ရင��သ�� လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန���တ�က�� ဘ�မ�မက�ည�သလ�� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ���အ�င��မင��အ�င�လည�� မလ�ပ����င�ဘ��။ သ�တ���အတ�က� အခ�ဘ�မ� လ�ပ�မ�ပ����င�ဘ��” ဟ� �ဖစ�သည�။

သ����သ���ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၆ ရက��န�က စတင�သည�� �က��မ���သ� ဆ���ပပ��မ�����င�� စစ�အစ���ရက အ�ကမ��ဖက� ဖ����ပ��ခင����က�င�� ���င�ငံသည� နယ�ပယ�သစ�သ��� ဝင��ရ�က�လ��ပ�� ယခ�က��သ����သ� အ�ရ�ပ�သည�� အခ��န�တ�င� ���င�ငံသ��အ��လ�ံ� ပ�ဝင�လ�သည�။

���င�ငံ�တ�� စ�မံအ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ� �က�င�စ� သည� အတ��က�အခံမ���က�� �သ��ခ��ရန� �က ���စ���နပ�ံရသည�။ စစ�အစ���ရ၏�သနဂ�ဗ��ဟ�မ�� ယခင� NLD အစ���ရ�ထ�က�ခံသ�မ�����င�� ယခင�က ���င�ငံ�ရ�က�� အမ���အ���ဖင�� စ�တ�မဝင�စ���သ� ဂ�န�န�ရ�ရ�င�� Z လ�ငယ�မ���အ�က�� �သ��ခ���ပ�� လ�မ�အ�ဏ�ဖ�ဆန��ရ� လ�ပ�ရ���မ� CDM က�� �ဖ ��ခ��ရန��ဖစ�သည�။ တ��င��ရင��သ���ခ�င���ဆ�င�အနည��ငယ���င�� တ��င��ရင��သ��ပ�တ� ��စ�ခ�မ�က�� �က�င�စ� တ�င� ထည��သ�င��ထ���ပ���န�က� စစ�အစ���ရသည� ပ��မ��က�ယ��ပန���သ� CDM တ�င� တ��င��ရင��သ��လ�မ���� တက��ကလ�ပ�ရ���သ�မ��� မပ�ဝင��စရန� �က ���စ��သည�။

ထ��သ����သ� အ��ခအ�န��က�င�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� ဆန��က�င��ရ� ဆ���ပပ��မ���က�� တ��င��ရင��သ��လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���မ��� EAOs တ��� မ�ထ�က�ခံ�ခင��က�� အခ����က �ဝဖန��ကသည�။ လက��တ��တ�င�မ� EAOs မ���အ�က��တ�င�လည�� သ�ဘ�ထ��အမ����မ�����ဖစ��နသည�။

EAO မ���၏ ရပ�တည�ခ�က�

�မန�မ����င�ငံ��မ�က�ပ��င����င�� အ�န�က�ပ��င��မ� EAOs မ���အ�န�ဖင�� �က��ဝင�မစ�က�ရန� ဖ�အ���ပ�ထ���သ���က�င�� လ�ပ�ရ���ရန� နယ�ပယ� အနည��ငယ�သ�ရ��သည�က�� အ�ငင��ပ���ဖ�ယ�ရ� မရ���ပ။ သ����သ�� အစဦ�တ�င� �����က���န�သ� �တ�င�ပ��င��မ� EAOs မ���သည� ပ��မ�� �က ��တင��ပင�ဆင�လက�ဦ�မ� ရယ�ထ��သည�။

�ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁၃ ရက��န�တ�င� မ�န��ပည�သစ�ပ�တ� (NMSP) သည� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ���င��အတ� ပ�င��လင��စ�� ရပ�တည��သ� ပထမဆ�ံ� EAO �ဖစ�လ��ပ�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�က�� တည�တ��တ�တည�� ဆန��က�င��ပ�� CDM က���ထ�က�ခံသည�� ��ကည�ခ�က�ထ�တ�သည�။ �န�က�တ�န�တ�င� ကရင�အမ����သ��အစည��အ��ံ� ( KNU) ကလည�� အလ��တ� �ပင��ထန��သ� ��ကည�ခ�က�ထ�တ�သည�။

စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ���ပ���န�က�တရက��ဖစ��သ� �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၂ ရက��န�တ�င� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ�သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ုပ� (NCA) လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���ထ��သည�� EAOs အဖ��� ၁၀ ဖ���ပ��သ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� ဦ��ဆ�င�အဖ��� (PPST) က လ�န�စ��စ���ရ�မ�ပ�ပန���က�င�� ��ကည�ခ�က�ထ�တ��ပန�သည�။ ထ����ကည�ခ�က�သည� NCA က�� အတ�အလင��ဖ�က�သ�မ���ခင��မ�ပ��သ��လည�� တရ��မဝင� စစ�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ�က�လအတ�င�� ထ��သ�ဘ�တ�ည�ခ�က�က�� ထ��ရ�က�စ�� ဆ��င��ငံ�လ��က����င�သည�။

အ�ခ�� EAOs မ���မ�� သ�ဘ�ထ��အမ����မ�����ဖစ��နသည�။ �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁၁ ရက��န�တ�င� ကယန���ပည�သစ�ပ�တ�သည� ကယ���ပည�နယ�မ� တက��ကလ�ပ�ရ���သ� ၇ ဦ�လ�တ���မ�က��ရ�အတ�က� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�အ�ဏ�ပ��င�မ�����င�� ည����င��ခ��သည�။ ကရင�န�အမ����သ��တ���တက��ရ�ပ�တ�က CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�က�� �န�က�က�ယ�မ��ထ�က�ခံသည�။ ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည�ထ��ထ�င��ရ��က�င�စ� ( RCSS) က ၎င��တ���စခန��မ���က�� စစ�တပ�က တ��က�ခ�ိ�က��ခင��သည� NCA က�� ခ�����ဖ�က�သည�ဟ� ကန��က�က��ခင��အပ�အဝင�

Page 48 of 61

��ကည�ခ�က�အမ���အ�ပ�� ထ�တ��ပန�သည�။ ကခ�င�လ�တ�လပ��ရ�အဖ���ခ��ပ�က �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁၇ ရက��န�တ�င� ��ကည�ခ�က�တ�စ�င� ထ�တ��ပန��ပ�� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ�၏ အ��ထ�တ�မ�က�� �ထ�က�ခံ�ပ�� ဆ���ပသ�မ���က�� က�က�ယ�ရန��တ�င��ဆ���သ��လည�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� သ���မဟ�တ� SAC က�� �ပစ�တင���တ�ခ��ခင�� မရ���ပ။

��မ�ပင�အ��ခအ�နတ�င�မ� KNU ၏ ကရင� အမ����သ��လ�တ���မ�က��ရ�တပ�မ�တ�� (KNLA) ဆ���ပသ�မ���က�� က�က�ယ�ရန� ဝင��ရ�က�လ�ပ��ဆ�င��န�ပ�� ဆ���ပသ�မ��� လ�တ�လပ�စ�� သ���လ�ရန� လ�ပ��ဆ�င��ပ��နသည�။ ဥပမ�အ���ဖင��ဆ��ရပ�က �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁၁ ရက��န�တ�င� �တ�င�င�တ�င�လည���က�င��၊ �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁၉ ရက��န�တ�င� �က��ကရ�တ�တ�င�လည���က�င��၊ �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၁ ရက��န�တ�င� �မဝတ�တ�င�လည���က�င� ထ��သ���လ�ပ��ဆ�င��ပ�သည�။ အ�ဏ�သ�မ���ပ�� ရက�သတ�ပတ�က�န�တ�င� ဒ�မ��ကရက�တစ�ကရင�အက�����ပ�တပ�မ�တ��တပ�ဖ���ဝင�မ���သည� �မဝတ�မ� လက�နက�က��င�ရ�မ���ထံမ�� ဆ���ပသ�မ���က�� က�က�ယ��ပ�ခ��သည�။

ထ���ဖစ�ရပ�မ���အ��လ�ံ�သည� စစ�တပ�က တ��င��ရင��သ���ဒသအခ����တ�င� ပ��မ��က����က���ရန�စ�နသည�� အ��ခအ�နတ�င� �ဖစ��ပ��န�ခင���ဖစ�သည�။ ဒ�ဇင�ဘ�လလယ�မ� စတင��ပ�� စစ�တပ�သည� စစ�အင�အ��တ����မင��ရန� အတ�က� လမ��မ����ဖ�က��ခင��၊ �ဒသခံမ���က က����က���လ��သ�တပ�မ���အ�ဖစ� သတ�မ�တ�ထ��သည�� စစ�စခန��မ���သ��� ရ�က���ပန�လည��ဖည��တင���ခင��မ��� လ�ပ��ဆ�င��ပ�� ကရင��ပည�နယ���မ�က�ပ��င����င�� ပ�ခ��တ��င��အ�ရ��ပ��င��တ�င� အရပ�သ��လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��မ���က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက�တ��က�ခ��က�မ�မ��� လ�ပ��ဆ�င��နသည�။ အရပ�သ��မ���က�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က အ��မ�က��ဖင��ပစ�ခတ��ခင����င�� အ�ခ��တ��က�ခ��က�မ�မ�����က�င�� ဒ�ဇင�ဘ�လလယ�မ� စတင��ပ�� ကရင�စစ���ပ� ဒ�က�သည� ၆၀၀၀ ခန�� �နရပ�စ�န��ခ�� ထ�က���ပ��နရသည�။

Free Burma Rangers အဖ���၏အဆ��အရ �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၀ ��င�� ၂၁ ရက�တ�င� KNU တပ�မဟ� ၅ နယ���မအတ�င�� ထ�က���ပ��နရ�သ� အရပ�သ�� ၇၀၀ ရ��သည�ဟ� သ�ရသည�။ �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က ဆက�လက�တ��က�ခ��က��န�သ���က�င�� က�က�ယ�ရန���င�� က�ည�ရန� လ�န�စ��လ��အပ��နသည�။ ဆ���ပပ��မ���က�� ပ��မ��ဖ����ပ�လ��ခင����င�� �မ ����ပ�ဒသမ� အရပ�သ��လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��မ���က�� တ��က�ခ��က��ခင��တ����ဖင�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ� က����က���ရန�စမ�မ�����က�င�� ပ��မ��မ����ပ��သည�� �ပည�သ�အမ���အ�ပ�� ထ�က���ပ�ရ���င�သည�။

KNU သည� ၁၉၈၈ မ� ၁၉၉၀ ခ���စ�မ���ကအတ��င�� အ�ကမ��ဖက��ဖ ��ခ��မ� �ဖစ�လ�ပ�က ဆ���ပပ��မ���မ� မည�သည�� စစ���ပ�ဒ�က�သည� ( �ပည�တ�င���နရပ�စ�န��ခ��) က��မဆ�� လက�ခံရန� �က��မတ�တရပ� ဖ���စည��ထ��သည�။ ထ��စ��က �မ ����က��မ���မ� ဆ���ပသ�မ���သည� အ�ကမ��ဖက�ဖ����ပ�မ�မ�����က�င�� နယ�စပ�ရ�� EAO ထ�န��ခ��ပ��ဒသမ���သ��� ထ�က���ပ��ကသည�။ KNU သည� အ�ရ��ပ�စ�မံခ�က�မ����ရ�ဆ���ပ�� က��ဗစ�-၁၉ မ�ဖစ�ပ����စ�ရ�အတ�က� က��ရန�တင�� ဝင�ရန� �နရ�မ���က��လည�� စ�စ���နသည�။ NMSP ကလည�� အလ��တ��က��မတ�တရပ�က�� ဖ���စည��ထ��သည�။

အ�ရ�တက�� အ�ရ�အပ�ဆ�ံ� လမ��ဆ�ံ

လ�န�ခ���သ� ၄ ပတ�က�လသည� �ဒ�သ��င�� ဝမ��နည��မ�မ���က�လ�ဖစ�သည�။ ထ��လ�င��မန��သ� အ��ပ�င��အလ���င�� ���င�ငံ�ရ��ပန�လည�ခ��န�ည��မ�က�လ (သ���မဟ�တ� အ�ရ�ပ��သ�လမ��ဆ�ံ) သည� �မန�မ����င�ငံ �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�တည��ဆ�က�ရ�တ�င� �လ�နက��သ� အသ�င�က����ပ�င���ဖစ��စ���င��သ� အလ��အလ�ရ���နသည�။

အ�ဏ�မသ�မ��မ�က တ��င��ရင��သ�� လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��မ��� အထ��သ�ဖင�� ပဋ�ပက�ဒဏ�ခံရ�သ� �ဒသမ���မ� လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��မ���အတ�က� အ��ခအ�နမ�က�င��လ��ပ။ အပစ�အခတ�ရပ�စ��ရ�သည� တ�ံ�ဆ��င���န�ပ�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က အရပ�သ��မ���က�� တ��က�ခ��က��နသည�။ ယခ�အက�ပ�အတည��သည� စစ�အစ���ရသစ�က�� ဆန��က�င�သည�� တ��က�ပ��တ�င� မတ�ည��သ� လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��မ���အ�က�� ဆက�ဆံ�ရ�က�� အသ�င���ပ�င���စ�ပ�� ထ��အ��ခအ�နက�� ��ပ�င��လ�သ����စ�ပ�� �မန�မ�က���ပန�လည�ပ�ံ�ဖ�မည�� အခ�င��အ�ရ��ဖစ����င�သည�။

ဆ���ပပ��မ���တ�င� NLD အဖ���ဝင�မ���၊ တက��ကလ�ပ�ရ���သ�မ���၊ တ��င��ရင��သ��မ�����င�� တ��င��ရင��သ��အဖ���မ�����င�� ဂ�န�န�ရ�ရ�င�� Z မ����ဆက�လ�ငယ�မ���အ�က�� အ�ရ�ပ��သ� မဟ�မ�တ� သ���မဟ�တ� တပ��ပ�င��စ�

Page 49 of 61

တခ��ဖစ�လ�သည�က�� �တ���နရသည�။ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အ�ရ��တ��ပ�ံက�� စစ�တပ�က အ�ကမ��ဖက�သည�� ၁၉၈၈ ခ���စ�က ပ��တင�သံမ���လည�� ရ���နသည�။ ထ��စ��က �က��င��သ��မ����ဆက�တဆက�သည� စစ�အစ���ရက�� တ��က�ပ��ဝင��နသည�မ�� က�လ�က��မင���ပ��ဖစ��သ� တ��င��ရင��သ��လက�နက�က��င�မ�����င�� လက�တ��ရန� နယ�စပ�သ��� ထ�က�ခ��သ���ခ���ကဖ��သည�။ စစ�အစ���ရက လ�ထ�အ�ပ�ဖ����ပ�မ�၏ ရလဒ�တခ�မ�� �မန�မ��လ��အဖ���အစည��မ� က���ပ���သ� အစ�တ�အပ��င��မ���က�� သစ�လ�င�ဆန��သစ��သ�နည���ဖင�� အတ�တက� စ�စည���ပ�မည�� ဘ�ံအ�တ��အ�က�ံကခ� ဖန�တ��လ��က��ခင��ပင��ဖစ�သည�။

ယခ��မန�မ����င�ငံတ�င� �ဖစ��ပ��န�သ� ���င�ငံ�ရ���င�� လ��အဖ���အစည�� �ပန�လည�ခ��န�ည��မ�သည� မ����ဆက�တဆက�အ�က�တ�င� �ပ��ပ�က�လ��ခင���ဖစ�သည�။ �သ��စည��ခ�စ��ကည�မ� အ�ပ�အ��ခခံ�ပ�� သ��ပ�လက�ဏ���င�� အက���စ��ပ���မ���က�� နက���င��စ�� �ပန�လည�ဦ�တည�ခ�က� ခ�မ�တ��ခင����င�� ပ�ံ�ဖ��ခင��သည� ���င�ငံက�� ပ��မ��ည�မ� အ��လ�ံ�ပ�ဝင��သ� ပ�ံစံ�ဖင�� �ပန�လည�တည��ဆ�က�ရန� အခ�င��အလမ��က�� �ပ�သည�။ ဥပမ�တခ�အ�န�ဖင��ဆ��ရပ�က �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ��မ� တရ��ဝင��ရ���က�က�ခံမ����ဖင�� ဖ���စည��ထ��သည�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ���ပ� �က��မတ�က �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၈ ရက��န�တ�င� ထ�တ��ပန�သည�� ��ကည�ခ�က�တ�င� EAOs မ���၏ အခန��က�ပ�ဝင��သ� က�ယ�က�ယ��ပန���ပန�� အ��ခခံသည�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�ဆန��က�င��ရ� ��န���ပ�င��တပ�ဦ�တခ�၏ အ�ရ�ပ�မ�က�� အသ�အမ�တ��ပ�ထ��သည�။

တရ��မဝင� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�က�� ဆန��က�င�သည�� တ��က�ပ��မ� မဟ�မ�တ�သစ�မ���သည� လ�မ���စ� ဗမ�လ�မ����စ�ဝင�မ���၏ လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��ဝင�မ�����င�� တ��င��ရင��သ���ပည�သ�မ���အပ�အဝင� မတ�ည��သ� ပ�ဝင�ပတ�သက�သ�မ���အ�က�� ��ပ�င��လ�လ��သ�ဆက�ဆံ�ရ�က�� �က ��တင��ပသလ��က��ခင���ဖစ�သည�။ စစ�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ� ဆယ�စ���စ�မ���စ��အတ�င�� ဗမ�လ�မ���စ� လ�မ�အသ��င��အဝန��ဝင� အနည��ငယ�သ� ပဋ�ပက��ဒသမ� တ��င��ရင��သ��မ���၏ ပကတ�အ��ခအ�န၊ ပ�ပန�မ�မ�����င�� �မ���လင��ခ�က�မ���က�� န��လည�ရန� အခ�င��အ�ရ�ရ�ကသည�။ စ�စည��ည���တ�မ�သစ�မ���က�� ယခ�အခ� တည��ဆ�က��န�က�ပ� �ဖစ��ပ�� ထ��စ�စည��ည���တ�မ�သစ�သည� �မန�မ����င�ငံ အန�ဂတ�အတ�က� အ�ရ�ပ��သ� သက��ရ�က�မ�မ��� ရ�����င��ပသည�။

(Dr Ashley South သည�သ���ခ��လ�တ�လပ��သ� သ��တသ���င�� ခ�င��မ��င�တက�သ��လ�မ� �မန�မ���င�� အ�ရ��အ�ရ�မ� ���င�ငံ�ရ���င�� လ�သ��ခ�င��စ�န�မ� �ပဿန�မ���က�� အထ���ပ��သ� ပည�ရ�င��ဖစ�သည�။ ၎င��၏ Re-imagining Myanmar – The Mother of All “Critical Junctures” က�� ဆ��လ����အ�င� ဘ�သ��ပန�ဆ��သည�။)

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/opinion/viewpoint/2021/03/02/238805.html

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�တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������ အ��ဖရ��ရန� အ�ဆ�ယံ ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က��မ��� �တ�င��ဆ��

By ဧရ�ဝတ� | 2 March 2021

ရန�က�န� လ�ည��တန��တ�င� ရ�က မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ�မ��� ပစ�ခတ��ပ�� ဆ���ပသ�မ���အ�� �ဖ ��ခ��စ�� / ဧရ�ဝတ�

အ�သအ�ပ��က�မ����သ� အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ�မ���ရပ�တန���စရန� အ��ထ�တ�မ�တခ�အ�န�ဖင�� အ�ဆ�ယံ ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ� ဝန��က��မ���က �မန�မ�စစ�တပ���င�� �ဆ������မ�မ��� �ပ�လ�ပ��ပ�� ခ��ပ�တည��ထ��ရန� �တ�င��ဆ���နခ��န�တ�င� ရန�က�န��မ ��� မ� ဆ���ပသ�မ���က�� လ�စ�ခ��ရန� ရ�မ���က အသံဗ�ံ�မ����ဖင�� မတ�လ ၂ ရက��န� တ�င� ပစ�ခတ��နခ���ကသည�။

Page 50 of 61

�ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�၏ �ရ��ခ�ယ�တင���မ�က�ခံ NLD အစ���ရက�� �ပ��ခ��သည�� တလက စစ�တပ�က ဖယ�ရ���ခ��သည�� အခ��န�မ�စ၍ �မန�မ��ပည� အ��ံ�အ�ပ��တ�င� �က��မ���သ� လမ���ပ� ဆ���ပပ��မ��� �ဖစ�ပ����န�ပ�� �သ��ထ�က�သံယ�� အမ���ဆ�ံ� ၂ ရက� က�� �ဖတ�သန��ခ��ရသည�။

အမ���စ�က ဦ�ထ�ပ�အမ�မ��� �ဆ�င��ထ���ပ�� လက��ဖစ� ဒ��င��မ���က�� ဆ�ပ�က��င�ထ�� �က�သ� ဆ���ပသ�မ���က စစ�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ�က�� ဆန��က�င��သ� ��က���က��သံမ���က�� ��က���က���ပ�� ရန�က�န�၏ မတ�ည��သ� �မ ���နယ� အမ���အ�ပ��ရ�� လက�လ�ပ� အတ��အဆ��မ��� �န�က�က�ယ�တ�င� စ���ံ�က� စစ�သ����င�� ရ�မ���က�� အံတ��န�ကသည�။

စမ���ခ��င���မ ���နယ�တ�င� စစ�သ��န�� ရ� အ�ယ�က�၂၀၀ �က���က လမ���ပ�ဆ���ပသ�မ���အ�� ��စ�ဘက�ပ�တ�ဖမ��က� အသံဗ�ံ�ပစ��ဖ�က� လ�စ�ခ���ပ�� လ�ငယ� ၁၆ ဦ�က�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခ��သည�။

ရန�က�န��မ ���၊ လ�င��မ ���နယ�၊ ရ��မ�က��င��လမ��တ�င� နံနက� ၁၁ န�ရ� ဝန��က�င�၌ စစ�သ����င��ရ� အင�အ�� ၁၀၀ �က���က �သ�င����င��ခ���သ� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�ဆန��က�င��ရ� ဆ���ပ�နသ�မ���က�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ�၊ အသံဗ�ံ�မ��� ပစ�ခတ��ဖ�က�ခ���ခင��၊ ���က���က��ခင��မ��� �ပ�လ�ပ��ပ�� �ဖ ��ခ��ခ��သည�။

ထ��က��သ��� �ဖ ��ခ�င��မ���က�င�� လ�ငယ�အမ���အ�ပ�� ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ��သလ�� ဝင��ရ�က� ကယ�ဆယ�က�ည��ပ�သည�� �စတန��ဝန�ထမ��တခ����လည�� ���က���က�ခံရမ�မ��� ရ��ခ��သည�။

တ��မ��မ ���နယ� ယ�ဇနပလ�ဇ��ရ��တ�င�လည�� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င� ဆန��က�င��ရ� ဆ���ပသည��လ�ငယ�မ���က�� ရ�တပ�ဖ�����င�� စစ�တပ�က မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ�၊ အသံဗ�ံ�မ���၊ �သနတ�ပစ��ဖ�က��ခင��တ����ဖင�� ပစ�ခတ�လ�စ�ခ��ခ��သည�။ အဆ��ပ��ဖ ��ခ�င��မ�တ�င� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရသ�မ���ရ��သည�။

အ�ခ���မ ����က��မ���တ�င�လည�� ဆ���ပမ�အ�ပ� ရ�မ���က �ဖ ��ခ�င���ခင��မ��� ရ���ပ�� စစ�က��င��တ��င���ဒသ�က��၊ က�လ��မ ���တ�င� စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�ဆန��က�င��ရ� ဆ���ပလ�ထ�က�� စစ�တပ���င��ရ�က ပစ�ခတ� �ဖ ��ခ�င��သ�ဖင�� ၁၂ ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ထ��သည�ဟ� သတင��ရရ��သည�။

က�ည�ထ�မ�န�ထ��သ� ၁၂ ဦ�ထ�မ� ၅ ဦ�မ�� ဗ��က�၊ ရင�ဘတ���င�� �ပ�င�တ���တ�င� �ပင��ထန�သည�� ဒဏ�ရ�မ��� ရရ��ထ��သည�ဟ� မ�က��မင��တ��ရ��သ�မ���က ��ပ�သည�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၁ ရက� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�သည� အ��စ� ၅၀ န��ပ�� �က��မင��ခ���သ� စစ�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ� �ပ��ဆ�ံ�ခ���ပ���န�က� �မန�မ����င�ငံ၏ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�သ��� ဦ�တည�သည�� ��ခလ�မ��မ���က�� ရပ�ဆ��င��သ����စခ���ပ��၊ အ�မရ�ကန��ပည��ထ�င�စ���င�� အ�ခ�� အ�န�က����င�ငံမ���၏ �ပစ�တင���တ�ခ�မ�မ�����င�� ဒဏ�ခတ� အ�ရ�ယ��ခင��မ���က�� ရင�ဆ��င�ခ��ရ�ပ�� အ�မ�န��ခ�င�����င�ငံမ����က�� စ���ရ�မ�မ�မ��� တ���ပ���လ��စခ��သည�။

�မန�မ��အ�ရ� အ�ဆ�ယံအသင�� ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က��မ��� အလ�တ�သ�ဘ� အစည��အ�ဝ�က�� ယ�န� မတ�လ ၂ ရက��န�တ�င� က�င��ပခ���ပ�� မ�လ�ရ�����င�� စင�က�ပ����င�ငံက ဖမ��ဆ��ထ���သ� �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည� လ�တ��ပ��ရ� �တ�င��ဆ��ခ���ကသည�။

အဂ���န� အစည��အ�ဝ�အ�ပ�� အင�ဒ��န��ရ��� ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က�� ရတ����မ�ဆ�ဒ�က �မန�မ��ပည�တ�င� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� �ပန�လည�တည��ဆ�က�ရမည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

“�မန�မ��ပည�သ��တ�ရ�� အက����စ��ပ���က�� �လ�စ��ရမယ�လ��� အင�ဒ��န��ရ���က အ�လ�ထ�� ��ပ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�ဟ� အ�တ��အ�မင��တ� လ�တ�လပ�မ�၊ ဆက�သ�ယ�မ�န�� ��ပ�ဆ��ဆက�ဆံမ��တ�က�� �လ�စ��ပ�တယ�” ဟ� ရတ����မ�ဆ�ဒ�က ��ပ�သည�။

“ပ�ဝင�ပတ�သက�သ��တ� အ��လ�ံ� �တ��ဆ�ံ ဆက�သ�ယ� �ဆ������မ��တ� စတင�ဖ��� ���င�ငံ�ရ�အက����သ�� အ��လ�ံ� လ�တ��ပ��ရ�လ�� အ�ထ�က�အက��ဖစ��စမယ�� အ��ခအ�နက�� ဖန�တ���ပ�ဖ��� အင�ဒ��န��ရ���က �တ�င��ဆ��ပ�တယ�။”

Page 51 of 61

” �မန�မ��ပည�တ�င��က ပ�ဝင�ပတ�သက�သ� အ��လ�ံ� �က��မ�� ဆက�သ�ယ���ပ�ဆ���ရ�က အ�မ�တမ�� အ�က�င��ဆ�ံ� �ရ��ခ�ယ�မ�ပ�။ တကယ�လ��� �တ�င��ဆ��လ�ရင� ဒ��တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������မ�က�� လ�ယ�က��ခ���မ���အ�င� အ�ဆ�ယံက အဆင�သင���ဖစ��နတယ�လ���လည�� အင�ဒ��န��ရ���က ယ�ံ�ကည�ပ�တယ�”ဟ� ရတ����မ�ဆ�ဒ�က ��ပ�သည�။

မတ�လ ၁ ရက��န� ည�နပ��င��က �ပ�လ�ပ�သည�� ��ပ��မင�သံ�က�� အင�တ�ဗ���တခ�တ�င� စင�က�ပ� ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က�� ဗ�ဗ�ယန� ဘလ�ခရစ�ရ�နန�က အ�ဆ�ယံ အ�န�ဖင�� �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည���င�� စစ�တပ��က��တ�င� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ�������ရ�က�� အ���ပ�မည�ဟ� ��ပ��က��ခ��သည�။ “သ�တ��� စက����ပ�ဖ��� လ��ပ�တယ�။ သ�တ��� အတ�တက� လ�ပ����င��အ�င� က��န��တ���က က�ည�ဖ��� လ��ပ�တယ�” ဟ� သ�က��ပ�သည�။

�မန�မ� အ�ဏ�သ�မ�� စစ��က�င�စ�ကမ� ���င�ငံ�တ��၏ အတ��င�ပင�ခံပ�ဂ� ��လ� �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�က�� မ�န�က ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ� ဥပ�ဒ ပ�ဒ�မ ၆၇ ၊ ���င�ငံ�တ�� အ�ကည� ���ပ�က��စမ� ပ�ဒ�မ ၅၀၅(ခ)တ����ဖင�� အမ� ၂ မ� ထပ�တ��� ဖ�င��လ�စ�ခ��သည�။

�ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�က�� ယခ�ပ�ဒ�မ ၂ ခ� မတ��င�မ� သဘ�ဝ �ဘ� စ�မံခန��ခ��မ� ခန��ခ��မ� ဥပ�ဒ ပ�ဒ�မ ၂၅၊ပ���က�န�သ�င��က�န� ပ�ဒ�မ ၈ တ����ဖင�� အမ�ဖ�င�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ထ���ပ�� �ဖစ�သည�။

�မန�မ�စစ�တပ���င�� ထ��တ��ဆက�ဆံရန� အ�ဆ�ယံ၏ �က ���ပမ��မ�က�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� �ထ�က�ခံသ�မ���က �ဝဖန�ခ���ကသည�။ �ဖ�တ�ခ�ခံထ��ရ�သ� �မန�မ�ဥပ�ဒ�ပ� လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�မ���က စစ�အစ���ရ က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက�အ�ပ�စ�ဟ� ��က�င�ခ���ပ�� အ�ဆ�ယံ၏ ထ��တ��ဆက�ဆံမ�က ၎င��၏ တရ��ဝင�မ�က�� �ဖစ��စလ�မ��မည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

�ပည��ထ�င�စ� လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ���ပ� �က��မတ�(CRPH) က ခန��အပ�သည�� က�လသမဂ� ဆ��င�ရ� သံတမန��ဖစ�သ� �ဒ�က�တ� ဆ�ဆ�က အ�ဆ�ယံအ�န�ဖင�� စစ�တပ�က ဦ��ဆ�င�သည�� တရ��မဝင� စစ�အစ���ရ��င�� ဆက�ဆံမ�မ�ပ�သင����က�င�� ��ပ�သည�။

�မန�မ����င�ငံရ�� အ�ဆ�ယံလ�ငယ� အစ�အစ��မ���မ� �က��င��သ��မ���က အ�ဆ�ယံ အဖ��� အ�န�ဖင�� စစ�အစ���ရ��င�� မဟ�တ�ဘ� �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�၏ အစ���ရမ� ���င�ငံတက� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�မ�����င�� စက����ပ�သင��သည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

“အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� သ���မဟ�တ� စစ�အစ���ရက ကတ��ပ�ထ��တ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� �ပန�လည� က�င��ပ�ရ� ဆ��တ��တ�က �မန�မ��ပည�သ��တ�အတ�က� လ�ံ�ဝ လက�ခံ���င�စရ� မရ��တ�က�� အ�ဆ�ယံအ�န န�� န��လည� သ�ဘ��ပ�က� ထ��ရပ�မယ� ” ဟ� အ�ဆ�ယံသ��� �ပ�ပ���သည�� သ�တ���၏ စ�တ�င� �ဖ���ပထ��သည�။

ဖ�လစ�ပ��င� ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ� ဝန��က�� Teodoro Locsin က အ�ဆ�ယံသည� �မန�မ� �ပည�သ�မ�����င�� အတ� ခ��င�မ�စ�� ရပ�တည�မည��ဖစ���က�င����င�� အဖ���ဝင�မ���၏ �ပည�တ�င���ရ�က�� ဝင��ရ�က� စ�က�ဖက��ခင�� မရ��သည�� အဖ���၏ မ�ဝ�ဒသည� အမ����ပ�လ�ပ��ခင��အတ�က� ခ�င���ပ�ခ�က�တခ� သ���မဟ�တ� အသံတ�တ�လ��က��လ�� သ�ဘ�တ��ခင��တခ� မဟ�တ� ��က�င�� Twitter တ�င� �ရ�သ��ခ��သည�။

တပ�မ�တ�� အ�ဏ�သ�မ��သည�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၁ ရက�မ� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၈ ရက��န�အထ� တလအတ�င�� ဖမ��ဆ��၊ တရ��စ�� �ပစ�ဒဏ�ခ�ခံရသ� ၁၁၃၂ ဦ� ရ���ပ��ဖစ��ပ�� မတရ��အ�ကမ��ဖက� �ဖ ��ခ�င��ခံရ၍ က�ဆ�ံ�သ���ခ��သ� ၃၀ ဦ�ခန��ရ����က�င�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� အက����သ��မ��� က�ည��စ�င���ရ��က��ရ�အသင�� (AAPP) က ထ�တ��ပန�ထ��သည�။

ဗ�ဗ�ယန� ဘလ�ခရစ�ရ�နန�က မ�န�က စင�က�ပ�လ�တ��တ��သ��� ��ပ�ရ�တ�င� အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ���င�� ပတ�သက�၍ သ�တ��� စ�တ�ပ�က�တ�န�လ�ပ� ရ��က�င��က�� “�မန�မ�စစ�တပ� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�”သ��� ��ပ��က��မည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

�မန�မ� စစ�အ�ဏ�ပ��င�မ���၏ က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�ဆ��သည�မ�� ဦ�ဝဏ��မ�င�လ�င�က�� ရည���န���ခင���ဖစ��ပ�� �မန�မ����င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က��ဟ� �ခ��ဝ�သ�ံ�စ���ခင�� မရ���ပ။ ယင��အစ�� ဗ�ဗ�ယန� ဘလ�ခရစ�ရ�နန�၏ မ�န��ခ�န��တ�င� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရ�သ� သမ�တ ဦ�ဝင���မင����င�� ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က�� �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�ဟ� သ�ံ���န��ခ��သည�။

Page 52 of 61

BBC ��င�� အင�တ�ဗ���တခ�တ�င� စင�က�ပ�ဝန��က��ခ��ပ� လ�ရ�န�လ�ံ�က လက�နက�မ��ဆ���ပသ�မ���အ�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က လ�သတ�လက�နက�မ��� သ�ံ��ပ�� ပစ�ခတ��ခင��သည� “ဆ���ရ����သ�” အ�ပ�အမ�ဟ� �ဝဖန�သ���သည�။

“အရပ�သ���တ�န�� လက�နက�မ�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� �သ�စ�လ�က�တ�� အင�အ��သ�ံ�တ�က ဘယ�လ��မ� လက�ခံစရ� မရ��ဘ��လ��� က��န�� ထင�တယ�” ဟ� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ��သည�။

က���က��။ ။ Nikkei Asia, Reuters

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/2021/03/02/238841.html

------

�မန�မ�သမ�တန�� အတ��င�ပင�ခံပ�ဂ� ��လ�က�� �ပန�လ�တ�ဖ��� အ�ဆ�ယံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ� တ��က�တ�န��

02 မတ�၊ 2021 | မစ�ု�မတ�မ�န�

�မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� သမ�တဦ�ဝင���မင��န�� ���င�ငံ�တ��အတ��င�ပင�ခံ �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�တ���က�� ဖမ��ဆ���ပ�� တပ�မ�တ��က�က�ယ��ရ�ဦ�စ��ခ��ပ�က အ�ဏ�သ�မ�� အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��နတ��က�စ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� အ�ဆ�ယံ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က���တ� အလ�တ�သ�ဘ� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ဆ������ခ��ပ�တယ�။ �မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� သမ�တဦ�ဝင���မင��န�� ���င�ငံ�တ��အတ��င�ပင�ခံ �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�တ���က�� အ�မန�ဆ�ံ��ပန�လ�တ��ပ�ဖ��� စက��ပ����င�ငံက �တ�င��ဆ��လ��က�ပ�တယ�။ �မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� လက�နက�မ�� အရပ�သ���တ�အ�ပ� �သ�စတ�� လက�နက��တ� သ�ံ��နတ� ရပ�ဖ���၊ �န�က�ထပ� �သဆ�ံ�မ��တ�၊ �သ��ထ�က�သံယ��မ��တ� မ�ဖစ��အ�င� စစ�အ�ဏ�ပ��င��တ�အ�နန�� ခ�က�ခ�င��လ�ပ�ရမယ�လ��� စက��ပ����င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က�� Dr. Vivian Balakrishnan က��ပ��က��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

သ�က သမ�တဦ�ဝင���မင��လ��� သ�ံ�စ���ခ��ဝ�ခ��သလ�� �မန�မ�စစ�အ�ဏ�ပ��င��တ�လ��� အ�ဏ�သ�မ��ယ�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��နသ��တ�က�� သ�ံ���န��ပ�တယ�။ စက��ပ����င�ငံအ�နန�� �မန�မ����င�ငံ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အ��ပ�င��အလ�အတ�က� ဆက��ပ���ထ�က�ခံ�နပ�တယ�လ���လည�� စက��ပ����င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က��က သ��ရ� မ�န��ခ�န��ထ�မ�� ��ပ��က��ပ�တယ�။ �မန�မ����င�ငံ အ��ခအ�န ဆက�မဆ����အ�င� အ�ရ�တ�က�� ဦ�စ���ပ�လ�ပ�ဖ��� လ��အပ�တယ�ဆ��တ�က��လည�� သ�က အ�သအခ����ပ�ပ�တယ�။ �မန�မ�အ�ဏ�ပ�်�င��တ�အ�နန�� အ��ခအ�နက�� အတတ����င�ဆ�ံ� ထ�န��ထ�န��သ�မ��သ�မ�� လ�ပ�ပ�မယ�။ �သ�စ���င�တ��လက�နက��တ� အသ�ံ��ပ�တ� ရပ�ပ�မယ�။ �န�က�ထပ� အ�ကမ��ဖက� �သ��ထ�က�သံယ�� မ�ဖစ��အ�င� အ�မခံပ�မယ�ဆ��တ�က�� ဒ��န� လ�သ�ရ�င��က�� ကတ��ပ�ပ�လ���လည�� စက��ပ����င�ငံက �တ�င��ဆ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

အင�ဒ��န��ရ���န�်�င�ငံကလည�� ဖမ��ဆ��ထ��သ��တ�က�� �ပန�လ�တ��ပ�ဖ���န�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�တပ�ဖ����တ�ဘက�က အင�အ��သ�ံ��နတ�က�� ထ�န��ဖ��� �တ�င��ဆ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

"လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ�တပ��တ�အ�နန�� အ�ကမ��ဖက�လ�ပ�ရပ��တ�က�� ရပ�ဖ��� အင�ဒ��န��ရ���က �တ�င��ဆ��ပ�တယ�။ �မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� လ��သ�စတ��အထ� အ�ကမ��ဖက��နမ�အတ�က� အင�ဒ��န�ရ������င�ငံက စ���ရ�မ�တယ�။ အရပ�သ���တ� ထ�ခ��က� �သဆ�ံ��နတ�၊ ဖမ��ဆ��ခံ�နရတ��တ�ဟ� စ���ရ�မ�စရ��ဖစ�တယ�။" လ��� အင�ဒ��န��ရ������င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က�� Retno Marsudi က ��ပ��က��သ���တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

မ�လ�ရ������င�ငံကလည�� �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�အပ�အဝင� ဖမ��ဆ��ထ��တ�� အစ���ရ �ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ�က�� �ပန�လ�တ��ပ�ဖ����တ�င��ဆ��ပ�တယ�။ �ပ��ခ��တ�� ���င�ဝင�ဘ��ရ���က�က�ပ��မ�� မ�မသ�မ��တ�ရ�����င�တယ�ဆ��တ�� စစ�တပ�တ�� စ�ပ�စ��ခ�က��တ�က�� စ�ံစမ�����င��ရ� အ�ဆ�ယံက က�မ��က�င�သ�အဖ��� ဖ���စည���ပ�ဖ��� အဆ���ပ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ��န� အ�ဆ�ယံ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က���တ� Online �ပ�မ�� အလ�တ�သ�ဘ� �တ��ဆ�ံ�ပ�� �မန�မ��အ�ရ�အတ�က� ဘယ�လ�� အ��ဖရ�����င�မလ�ဆ��တ� �ဆ������ခ���ကတ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 53 of 61

က�လသမဂ�လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ��က�င�စ�မ���တ�� အ�မရ�ကန��ပည��ထ�င�စ� ဥက��တ�ဝန�ယ�တ�� က�လအတ�င�� �မန�မ����င�ငံအ�ရ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� ထ�ထ�ဝင�ဝင��ဆ������ဖ��� တ��က�တ��က�တ�န��တ�န��လ�ပ�သ���မယ�လ��� က�လသမဂ�ဆ��င�ရ� အ�မရ�ကန�သံအမတ��က�� Linda Thomas-Greenfield က မ�န�က ��ပ��က��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

"�မန�မ����င�ငံက အ��ခအ�နက�� ကမ ���က��က �စ�င���ကည���နတယ�ဆ��တ� ရ�င��ပ�တယ�။ �ပည�သ��တ� ရက�ရက�စက�စက� လ�ပ�ခံ�နရတ�၊ လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�ခံ�နရတ�က�� ဒ�တ��င�� ထ��င��ကည���နလ��� မ�ဖစ�ဘ��ဆ��တ�လည�� ရ�င��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�က�စ�က�� က�မ သ�ပ�က�� အ�လ�အနက�ထ��ပ�တယ�။ လ�မယ��ရက�ပ��င���တ�အတ�င�� �မန�မ��အ�ရ�က�စ�က�� �ဆ������သ���ဖ���ရ��ပ�တယ�လ��� က�လသမဂ�လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ��က�င�စ� အလ�ည��က� ဥက�� အ�မရ�ကန�သံအမတ��က�� Linda Thomas-Greenfield က��ပ��က��ခ��တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ အ�မရ�ကန��ပည��ထ�င�စ�အ�နန�� �မန�မ��ပည�သ��တ�ဘက�က ခ��င�ခ��င�မ�မ� ရပ�တည��နတယ�။" လ���လည�� မ�န�ကသတင��စ�ရ�င��ပ��မ�� သ�က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

�မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� အ�ဏ�သ�မ��ထ��တ�� စစ�တပ�က အရပ�သ��အစ���ရက�� အ�ဏ��ပန��ပ��အ�င� အ�မရ�ကန��ပည��ထ�င�စ�အ�နန�� New York �မ ��� က�လသမဂ�မ���ရ� ���င�ငံတက�မ�� ခ����ကပ��က ���စ��ဖ��� သ���ဌ�န� ခ�ထ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� အ�ဏ�သ�်မ��ထ��သ��တ�ဖက�ကလည�� လ�ယ�လ�ယ� �လ����ပ�မယ��ပ�ံ မရတ��အတ�က� သ�တ���အ�ပ� ဖ�အ��တ����ပ�ရမယ�လ���လည�� သံအမတ��က�� Thomas-Greenfield က တနလ���န�က ��ပ��က��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ က�လသမဂ�ဆ��င�ရ� �မန�မ�သံအမတ��က�� ဦ��က���မ���ထ�န��န�� ပတ�သက�လ���လည�� က�လသမဂ�ဆ��င�ရ�သံအမတ��က��အ�ဖစ� သ��က�� ဖယ�ရ���ဖ���အတ�က� တရ��ဝင� �တ�င��ဆ��တ�မ���� မ�တ��ရ�သ���က�င��န�� လက�ရ��မ���တ�� သ�ဟ� �မန�မ����င�ငံက��ယ�စ���ပ� သံအမတ��က���ဖစ�တယ�လ��� က�လသမဂ�လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ��က�င�စ� အလ�ည��က� ဥက��က ��ပ��က��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

အလ��တ� အ�မရ�ကန��ပည��ထ�င�စ�ကလည�� �မန�မ����င�ငံန�� ပတ�သက�တ�� မ�ဝ�ဒ အ��ပ�င��အလ�မရ���သ�တ��အတ�က� NLD အစ���ရက��သ� လက�ရ�� အစ���ရအ�ဖစ� သတ�မ�တ�ထ��ဆ��ဖစ�တယ�လ��� ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဌ�န��ပ�ခ�င��ရ Ned Price က မ�န�တ�န��က သတင��စ�ရ�င��ပ��မ�� ��ပ��က��သ���ပ�တယ�။

"NLD အစ���ရသ� ���င�တက�အသ�အမ�တ� �ပ�ထ��တ�� အစ���ရ�ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။" လ��� မ�န�က လ�ပ�တ�� သတင��စ�ရ�င��ပ��မ�� ��ပ��က��သ���တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�က�� ဆန��က�င��ပ�� ���င�ငံတဝန�� သတ��ရ��စ�� �င�မ���င�မ��ခ�မ��ခ�မ�� လမ���ပ�ထ�က�ဆ���ပ�န�က �ထ�င��ပ�င��မ���စ��န��အတ� အ�မရ�ကန��ပည��ထ�င�စ�က ရပ�တည��နတယ�လ���လည�� သ�က ထပ��ပ���တ�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�အ�နန�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�နည��က� �ရ���က�က�ခံထ��ရတ�� အစ���ရလက�က�� အ�ဏ��ပန�အပ�ဖ��� �ငင��ဆန��နမယ�။ �င�မ��ခ�မ��စ��ဆ���ပ�န�ကသ��တ�က�� အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ� မရပ�ဘ��ဆ��ရင� အ�မရ�ကန�က �န�က�ထပ� အ�ရ�ယ� ဒဏ�ခတ�မ��တ� လ�ပ�သ���မ���ဖစ�တယ�လ���လည�� ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဌ�န��ပ�ခ�င��ရ Ned Price က တနလ���န�က သတင��စ�ရ�င��ပ��မ�� ��ပ��က��သ���ခ��ပ�တယ�။

�ရ���က�က�ခံ NLD လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ�န�� ဖ���စည��ထ��တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ���ပ��က��မတ� CRPH က ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က��အပ�အဝင� �ခတ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�ဝန��က�� �လ� �ယ�က� ခန��အပ�လ��က�ပ�တယ�။ ���င�ငံ�ခ���ရ�ဝန��က��အ�ဖစ� �ဒ�ဇင�မ��အ�င�၊ သမ�တ��ံ�ဝန��က��အ�ဖစ� ဦ�လ�င�က��လတ�၊ စ�မံက�န��၊ ဘ���ရ���င�� စက�မ�ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ ရင�������မ�ပ���ံမ���င�� ���င�ငံ�ခ�� စ��ပ���ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ� ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ စ��ပ����ရ���င��က��သန���ရ�င��ဝယ��ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�နစတ�� ဝန��က��ဌ�န သ�ံ� ခ�က�� တ�ဝန�ယ�ဖ��� ဦ�တင�ထ�န�����င�က�� ဝန��က��အ�ဖစ�တ�ဝန��ပ�သလ��၊ အလ�ပ�သမ��၊ လ�ဝင�မ��က���ကပ��ရ���င�� �ပည�သ��အင�အ�� ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ ပည��ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�န၊ က�န��မ��ရ���င�� အ��ကစ��ဝန��က��ဌ�နစတ�� ဝန��က��ဌ�န သ�ံ� ခ�အတ�က� �ဒ�က�တ��ဇ���ဝစ��� တ���က�� CRPH က �ခတ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�ဝန��က�� ခန��အပ�တ�ဝန��ပ�လ��က�တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ သမ�တဦ�ဝင���မင��န�� ���င�ငံ�တ�� အတ��င�ပင�ခံ �ဒ��အ�င�ဆန��စ��ကည�တ���ဦ��ဆ�င�တ�� အစ���ရက�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��အ�ပ�စ�က အဓမ�နည��န�� ဖယ�ရ��� အ�ဏ�သ�မ��ယ�ထ��တ���က�င�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�ဝန��က���တ�အ�နန�� လက�ရ��တ�ဝန�ထမ���ဆ�င����င�တ�� အ��ခအ�န မရ��တ���က�င�� အခ�လ�� �ခတ�ဝန��က���တ� ခန��အပ�တ��ဖစ�တယ�လ��� CRPH ရ�� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�မ�� ��ပ�ထ��ပ�တယ�။ ���င�ငံ�တ��အစ���ရရ�� လ�ပ�ငန��တ�ဝန��တ�က�� ထ��ရ�က�စ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ���အတ�က� သင���တ��တ�� ပ�ဂ� ��လ��တ�က�� လ��အပ�သလ�� ဆက��ပ��

Page 54 of 61

တ�ဝန��ပ�သ���မယ�လ���လည�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ���ပ��က��မတ� CRPH က��ပ��က��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� ဆန��က�င�ဆ���ပပ���တ� �မန�မ����င�ငံတဝန��မ�� ဒ��န�လည�� ဆက�လ�ပ��န�ကသလ��၊ လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ��တ�ကလည�� အင�အ��သ�ံ��ဖ ��ခ��မ��တ� �မ ����တ���တ��မ���မ���မ�� �ဖစ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။ ရန�က�န��မ ���ထ�မ��က�� စမ���ခ��င��၊ ကမ�ရ�တ�၊ ဗ��လ�တ�ထ�င�၊ ပ�ဇ�န��တ�င�၊ တ��မ�၊ သက�န��က�န��စတ���နရ�အ��ံ�မ�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ��တ�၊ အသံဗ�ံ��တ�၊ ရ�ဘ�က�ည��တ�န�� ပစ�ခတ��ဖ ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ��တ� ပစ��နတ��အတ�က� ဝပ��န�ကဖ��� �အ����ပ��န�ကတ�� အသံ�တ��ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�လ��အ��ခအ�န�က��မ��ပ� ဆ���ပသ��တ�ဘက�ကလည�� အက�အက�ယ��တ�ယ��ပ�� အ�လ���မ�ပ� ဆ���ပခ���ကပ�တယ�။

"ဒ���အ�ရ�၊ ဒ���အ�ရ�။ ဖမ��ဆ��ထ���သ� �ခ�င���ဆ�င�မ���... ခ�က�ခ�င��လ�တ�၊ ခ�က�ခ�င��လ�တ�။"

ရန�က�န��မ ���မ�� ထ�ခ��က�၊ �သဆ�ံ�တ��သတင���တ� ဒ��န� မ�က��ရ�ပမ�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရ ဆယ�ဂဏန�� ရ��ပ�တယ�။ ခ�င���ပည�နယ� က�လ��မ ���မ���တ�� လက�နက�က��င�တပ��တ� က�ည�အစစ��တ�န�� ပစ�ခတ�မ���က�င�� �ပင���ပင��ထန�ထန� ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ� ��စ� �ယ�က�အပ�အဝင� တဒ�ဇင��က��� ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ မ� ��လ�၊ မ�ံရ��၊ �မစ��က��န��၊ ထ��ဝယ��မ ����တ�မ��လည�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�� အင�အ��သ�ံ� အ�ကမ��ဖက� �ဖ ��ခ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ �တ�င��က���မ ���မ�� ဆ���ပသ� အမ���အ�ပ�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရပ�တယ�။ ထ��ဝယ�မ��ဆ�� အရင��န��တ�က �သဆ�ံ�ခ��သ��တ�အတ�က� �အ�က��မ�ဘ�ယ� အခမ��အန��လ�ပ��နသ��တ�က�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ��တ� သ�ံ��ဖ ��ခ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ �မစ��က��န���မ ���က ဆ��င�ကယ�န�� ဆ���ပသ��တ�က�ိ��တ�� လ�ံ�ခံ��ရ��တ�က �လ�က��လ�ဂ�န�� ပစ�လ��� �တ���တ��မ���မ��� ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ���ကပ�တယ�။

https://burmese.voanews.com/a/dassk-u-winmyint-asean/5798453.html

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အ�ဏ�သ�မ��စစ��ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ�က�� ICC မ�� တရ��စ�����င�ဖ��� က���ရ��ယ���ရ���န�တ� �က ���ပမ���န

စမ��စမ��တင�(ဝ�ရ�င�တန�ဒ�စ�) | 2021-03-02

စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ���ခ�င���ဆ�င� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ�မ���က��မင���အ�င�လ�င�န�� အ�ပ�င��အပ��တ�က�� ���င�ငံတက�ရ�ဇဝတ�ခ�ံ��ံ�မ�� �တ�င�က��ရ��ယ��က တရ��စ��ဆ�����င�တ��အထ� �က ���ပမ���ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�လ��� က��ရ��ယ�����င�ငံ ဒ�မ��ကရက�တစ��ရ���နမ���အဖ��� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�တ�ယ�က�က မ�န�က ��ပ��က��လ��က�ပ�တယ�။

က�ယ�င�ဂ�ဒ���ပည�နယ�ဝန��က��ခ��ပ� မစ�တ� အ�ဂ����မ�င�န�� �တ�င�က��ရ��ယ��အ��ခစ��က� �မန�မ����င�ငံ စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� ဆန��က�င��ရ��က��မတ�ဝင�က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ� �တ��ဆ�ံခ��န�မ�� ��ပ��က��တ�လ��� �က��မတ�ဝင�တဦ��ဖစ�တ�� NLD- အမ����သ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အဖ���ခ��ပ�၊ ���င�ငံတက�စည����ံ��ရ� �က��မတ�ဝင� ဦ�ရန����င�ထ�န��က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

က��ရ��ယ�����င�ငံ ဒ�မ��ကရက�တစ��ရ���နမ���အဖ���က မစ�တ� �ဆ��ဆ�င��မင��က �ပည�နယ�ဝန��က��က�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ�� �ခ�င���ဆ�င�န�� အ�ပ�င��အပ��တ�က�� ���င�ငံတက� ရ�ဇဝတ�ခ�ံ��ံ�မ�� �တ�င�က��ရ��ယ��က တရ��စ��ဆ�����င�တ��အထ� �က ���ပမ���ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�လ��� တင��ပပ�တယ�။ ရ�ဇဝတ�မ���မ�က�တ�� အခ�က�အလက��တ� စ��ဆ�င��ထ��တ��တ�၊ အခ�က�အလက��တ�က�� တင��ပပ�တယ�။

မစ�တ� �ဆ��ဆ�င��မင��ဟ� ဂ�ယ�င�ဂ�ဒ���ပည�နယ� ဥပ�ဒ�ရ�ရ� အ�ကံ�ပ�ပ�ဂ� ��လ�လည���ဖစ��ပ�� သ�တင��ပတ�က�� �ပည�နယ�ဝန��က��ခ��ပ�က အတည��ပ�လ��က�ပ�တယ�။ ဂ�ယ�င�ဂ�ဒ�� �ပည�နယ�သ�မက က��ရ��ယ��အစ���ရကပ� �မန�မ����င�ငံက စစ�အ�ဏ�ရ�င�စနစ� ခ��ပ��င�မ���ပ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ��ပန�လည�ရ�င�သန��ရ�က�� က�ည��ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�လ��� �ပည�နယ�ဝန��က��ခ��ပ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 55 of 61

စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��တ�က�� �ပစ�တင���တ�ခ�တ��အ��က�င��န�� ဖမ��ဆ��ထ�န��သ�မ��ခံထ��ရတ�� �ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ�အတ�က� အလ�န� စ���ရ�မ�ပ�ပန�မ�ပ���က�င��၊အ�မန�ဆ�ံ� �ပန�လည�လ�တ���မ�က�လ��စ�ရ�အတ�က� ဖ�အ���ပ��တ�င��ဆ��မယ��အ��က�င�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဦ�ရ����င�ထ�န��န�� အတ� �မန�မ��အလ�ပ�သမ��လ�မ�ဖ�လ�ံ�ရ� စင�တ� ဦ�စ���မ���သ�န�� �ဆ�င�ဂ�ံ�ဝ��တက�သ��လ� က��ရ��ယ��ဘ�သ�ရပ� ဆ��င�ရ� �က��င��သ� �ဒ���င��ဝတ�ရည�တ��� �ပည�နယ�ဝန��က��ခ��ပ�န�� �တ��ဆ�ံခ���ကတ�ပ�။ စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�ဆန��က�င��ရ� �က��မတ�ဝင��တ�ကလည�� �မန�မ�သံ��ံ�န�� �မန�မ�စစ�သံ��ံ�က ဝန�ထမ���တ�က�� အသ�မ�တ�မ�ပ�ဖ���၊ �မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� စ��ပ����ရ� ရင������မ�ပ���ံထ��တ��တ�ရပ�ဆ��င��လ��က�ဖ���န�� CRPH �ပည�သ��လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ���ပ� �က��မတ� က�� �မန�မ�အစ���ရအ�ဖစ� အသ�အမ�တ��ပ� ဆက�ဆံ�ပ�� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ���၊ CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�က�� အ���ပ��ထ�က�ခံဖ���န�� �မန�မ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အ�ရ� အတ�က� ကမ ������င�ငံ�တ�န�� က��ရ��ယ��က ပ���ပ�င��က�ည��ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ���တ��က�တ�န��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

"�ပည�နယ�ဝန��က��ခ��ပ�န�� မ�န��လ�� ၄ န�ရ�မ���တ��ဆ�ံခ��တ��ဖစ��ပ�� မ�န��တည�� ၁၂ န�ရ�က ၃ န�ရ�ထ�CDM လ�ပ�ရ���မ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� အ��က�င��တစ�ံတရ� မ�ပန��က��တ�� �မန�မ�သံ��ံ��ရ��မ�� ဆ���ပပ�တယ�။လက�ကမ���က ��ဆ��မယ�� ပန��စည��တဖက�န�� လ�မ��သ��ပန���ခ�တဖက�န�� သံ��ံ��ရ��သ����ကတ�၊ သံအမတ��က��လည�� ထ�က�မလ�ဘ��၊ သံမ��လည��ထ�က�မလ�ဘ��။ ဒ��တ��စ�တ�မ�က�င��စ��န��ပ� လ�မ��သ��ပန���ခ�ခ�ခ��ရပ�တယ�"

ဆ���လ��မ ���မ��ရ��တ�� �မန�မ�သံ��ံ� လ�မ�က�န�ရက�မ���တ�� သံ��ံ�က�န ကယ�ဆယ��ရ��လယ����တ� တပတ�တ�က�မ� ပ�ံသန����ပ�ဆ�����င�ဖ��� စ�စ���ပ��န�ပ�� ၄၆ �က�မ� ��မ�က� ကယ�ဆယ��ရ��လယ���န�� လ� ၉၂ �ယ�က��မန�မ����င�ငံက�� မ�န�က �ပန�သ���တယ�လ��� �ဖ���ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

�မန�မ����င�ငံမ�� �တ�င�က��ရ��ယ�� စ��ပ����ရ�လ�ပ�ငန���တ�ရ���န�ပ�� POSCO သံမဏ�လ�ပ�ငန���က��ဟ� စစ�တပ�ပ��င� �မန�မ��စ��ပ����ရ� ဦ�ပ��င�လ�မ�တက�န�� ဖက�စပ�လ�ပ�ငန����စ�ခ� လ�ပ�က��င��နပ�တယ�။ Pan-Pacific South Korea က�တ�� ဦ�ပ��င�န�� အထည�ခ��ပ�လ�ပ�ငန�� လ�ပ��န�ပ�� ဦ�ပ��င�လ�မ�တက�ပ��င�တ�� စက�မ�ဇ�န�မ�� ��မင���ရမ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/korea-lawyers-trying-to-sue-minaunghlaing-at-icc- 03022021171011.html

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လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�သ�မ���က�� ဒဏ�ခတ��ရ� က�လသမဂ� က�မ��က�င�သ� သ�ံ�ဦ� အ�ကံ�ပ�မည�

By ဧရ�ဝတ� | 2 March 2021

ယန�ဟ�လ�၊ မ�ဇ�က� ဒ�ရပ�ဇ�မင����င�� ခရစ� ဆ��ဒ��တ�

စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ��ဖစ�ပ����ပ�� တလ�က��သ�အခ� �မန�မ����င�ငံ��င�� ပတ�သက�သည�� ���င�ငံတက� က�မ��က�င�သ� ၃ ဦ�သည� �မန�မ��ပည�သ�မ���၏ လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�၊ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�၊ �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�၊ တရ��မ�တမ���င�� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�မ���က�� ဒဏ�ခတ��ရ� လ�ပ�ရ���မ�က�� �ထ�က�က�ရန� လ�တ�လပ��သ� အဖ���တဖ��� ဖ���လ��က�သည�။

ထ���မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� အထ��အ�ကံ�ပ��က�င�စ�(SAC-M) က�� �မန�မ����င�ငံမ� လ�မ�အ��ခ�ပ�အဖ���အစည��မ���၊ လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�က�က�ယ�သ�မ�����င�� တက��ကလ�ပ�ရ���သ�မ���အတ�က� ���င�ငံတက� စင��မင��တခ�ရရ���စရန� မတ�လ ၁ ရက��န�က ဖ���စည��လ��က��ခင���ဖစ�သည�။

Page 56 of 61

SAC-M က��တည��ထ�င��သ� အဖ���ဝင�မ���တ�င� �မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� က�လသမဂ� အထ��အစ�ရင�ခံစ� တင�သ�င��သ��ဟ�င�� ယန�ဟ�လ�၊ �မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� က�လသမဂ� လ�တ�လပ��သ� ���င�ငံတက�အခ�က�အလက�ရ���ဖ��ရ�အဖ��� ဥက�ဌ�ဟ�င�� မ�ဇ�က� ဒ�ရပ�ဇ�မင����င�� �မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� က�လသမဂ� လ�တ�လပ��သ� ���င�ငံတက� အခ�က�အလက�ရ���ဖ��ရ�အဖ��� အဖ���ဝင��ဟ�င�� ခရစ� ဆ��ဒ��တ�တ��� ပ�ဝင�သည�။

လ�န�ခ���သ� ဆယ���စ�အတ�င�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�သည� ၎င��တ����ရ�ဆ��ခ���သ� ၂၀၀၈ ခ���စ�ဖ���စည��ပ�ံအရ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�နည��က� �ရ���က�က�ခံအစ���ရမ���သ��� အ�ဏ�က�� အကန��အသတ��ဖင�� �ပ�အပ�ထ��ခ��သည�။ လ�န�ခ���သ� ��စ� ���ဝင�ဘ�လတ�င� အမ����သ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�အဖ���ခ��ပ�သည� ခ��င�မ�သည�� �ရ���က�က�ပ���အ�င��မင�မ���က�င�� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံအရ ဒ�တ�ယသက�တမ��အတ�က� တ�ဝန�ယ�ရမည��ဖစ�သည�။

သ����သ�� ဆက�လက��ဖစ�ပ����န�သ� �ပည�တ�င��စစ�၊ က��ဗစ�-၁၉ က��စက�မ���င�� �မန�မ��ပည�သ�မ��� ရင�ဆ��င��နရသည�� စ��ပ����ရ� �န�က�က�န�က�မ�တ���က�� လ�ံ�၀ ဂ��မစ��က�ဘ� စစ�ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ�မ���သည� ထ���ရ���က�က�ပ��ရလဒ�က�� မ�က�နပ��သ���က�င��ဟ�ဆ��က� �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁ ရက��န�တ�င� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံအ��ခခံ ဥပ�ဒ��င�� က��က�ည��ခင��မရ��သည�� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ��ပ�လ�ပ�လ��က��သ���က�င�� ���င�ငံသည� �န�က�ထပ�အက�ပ�အတည��တခ�ထ� ထပ�မံက�ဆင��သ���ရသည�။

“�မန�မ�စစ�တပ�ဟ� �မန�မ��ပည�သ��တ�က�� ရ�စ���စ�ဝက��က��� ဖ����ပ�ခ��တယ�၊ ဖက�ဒရယ� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�ထ��ထ�င�ဖ��� �မန�မ��ပည�သ��တ�ရ�� အ��ထ�တ�မ��တ�က�� ခ��န��သ����အ�င�လ�ပ�ခ���ပ���တ�� �ပည�သ��တ�အ�ပ� �ပင��ထန�တ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ��တ� က���လ�န��ပ�� �ပစ�ဒဏ�ကင��လ�တ�ခ�င��ရ�န�ကတယ� ” ဟ� SAC-M က��တည��ထ�င��သ� အဖ���ဝင�တဦ��ဖစ�သ� ယန�ဟ�လ���ပ�သည�။

“�ပ��ခ��တ��လက တ�န�လ�ပ�စရ� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�ဟ� �ပည�သ��တ�ရ��ဆ��န�� ���င�ငံတက�စံ��န���တ�က�� ဗ�ိ�လ�ခ��ပ��တ�က လ�ံ�ဝဂ��မစ��က�ဘ��ဆ��တ�က�� ထပ�မံ�ပသလ��က�တ��ဖစ�တယ�” ဟ� သ���ပ�သည�။

စစ�တပ�၏လ�ပ�ရပ���က�င�� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� �ဒသ�ပ�က�က��ခ��သည�။ ���င�ငံတဝ�မ�� က�ယ��ပန��သည�� လ�မ�အ�ဏ�ဖ�ဆန��ရ� လ�ပ�ရ���မ���င�� အစ���ရ��င�� ပ�ဂ�လ�ကက� အလ�ပ�သမ��မ���၏ အ�ထ��ထ� သပ�တ���က�င�� အစ���ရလ�ပ�ငန��မ��� ရပ�တန���နသည�။

တခ��န�တည��တ�င� သ�န����င��ခ���သ� ဆ���ပသ�မ���သည� စစ�တပ�က အင�တ�နက�ပ�တ�ဆ���ထ��သည�က�� �ရ��င�ရ���ရန� နည��လမ��ရ���ဖ��န�ပ�� ၂၄ န�ရ�ဆ���ပပ��မ��� �ပ�လ�ပ��နသည�။ “�မန�မ��ပည�သ��တ�က အ��က�က�တရ��ကင��မ��စ�� ထ�တ��ဖ���ပ�ဆ���န�ပ�� သ�တ���ရ��သတင��စက��က ရ�င��လင��ပ�တယ�။ က��န��တ���ရ�� �န�က�မ����ဆက�တခ�က�� ရက�စက��ကမ���က�တ�တ�� စစ�အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ��အ�က�မ�� ဒ�က�မခံစ���စခ�င�ဘ�� ဆ��တ�� သတင��စက��က�� သ�တ����ပ��န�ကတယ�” ဟ� SAC-M ၏ အ�ခ��အဖ���ဝင�တဦ��ဖစ�သ� မ�ဇ�က� ဒ�ရပ�ဇ�မင�� ��ပ�သည�။

“သ�တ���ရ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�၊ �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�၊ ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�၊ တရ��မ�တမ�န�� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ��တ�က�� အ�ပစ��ပ��ရ� တ��က�ပ��မ�� က��န��တ���အတ� ရပ�တည�တယ�” ဟ� သ���ပ�သည�။

စစ�သ��မ�����င�� ရ�မ���က ဆ���ပပ��မ���က�� �ခ�မ����ခ�က��ခင��၊ ဖမ��ဆ���ခင��၊ အ�ကမ��ဖက��ခင��၊ လ��သ�စ�သ� လက�နက�မ��� ပ��မ��အသ�ံ��ပ��ခင�� စသည�တ����ဖင�� တ�ံ��ပန��ကသည�။ အ�ကမ��ဖက�ဖ����ပ�မ�မ��� ပ��မ���မင��မ���န�ပ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�တပ�မ���၏ သတ��ဖတ�ခံရ�သ�၊ ဒဏ�ရ�ရ�သ�၊ ���က���က�ခံရ�သ� ဆ���ပသ�အ�ရအတ�က�မ�� တရက��ပ��တရက� �မင��မ��လ���နသည�။

ထ��သ����သ� �ဖ ��ခ��မ�မ���သည� ဆက�လက��ပင��ထန�လ�မည�က�� အ�လ�အနက� စ���ရ�မ��နရသည�။ �မန�မ����င�ငံမ� မ����ပ��လ��သ� တ��င��ရင��သ��မ�����င�� ဘ�သ��ရ�လ�နည��စ�မ���အတ�က� စစ�တပ�၏ ရက�စက��ကမ���က�တ�မ�က�� ��က�က�လန��ရ�ခင��မ�� �န�စ��ဘဝ၏ ��က�က�မက�ဖ�ယ�ရ� အစစ�အမ�န� အခ�က�အလက��ဖစ��နသည�။

Page 57 of 61

လ�န�ခ���သ� ဆယ�စ���စ�တ�င�� တ��င��ရင��သ��မ�����င�� ဘ�သ��ရ�လ�နည��စ�မ���မ� အရပ�သ��မ���က�� စစ�တပ�က အ�သအ�ပ��က�မ����သ� ထ��စစ�ဆင�မ�မ���သည� မ�က�ံဘ���သ� အတ��င��အတ�အထ� �ရ�က�ခ��ရ�ပ�� လ�မ����တ�န��သတ��ဖတ�မ�၊ စစ�ရ�ဇဝတ�မ���င�� လ�သ��မ������ယ�အ�ပ�က���လ�န��သ� ရ�ဇဝတ�မ� စ�ပ�စ��ခ�က�မ���က�� �ဖစ��စသည�။

“ဒ�လ��အ�ပစ�ဒဏ� ကင��လ�တ��နတ�က�� ရပ�တန���ပ�� အ�ပစ�အတ�က� တ�ဝန�ရ��မ�က�� အ�မ မခံ���င�ရင� �မန�မ����င�ငံရ��အတ�တ�က ��ကက��စရ��ဖစ�ရပ��တ�ဟ� ဆက�လက��ဖစ��ပ��နဦ�မ��ပ�။ စ��ပ����ရ�လ�ပ�ငန���တ�အ�နန�� ရပ�တည�မ� ရ��ရ��န�� စစ�တပ�န��အဆက�အသ�ယ�အ��လ�ံ� �ဖတ�ဖ��� အခ��န�က��ပ� ” ဟ� SAC-M ၏ တတ�ယ��မ�က�အဖ���ဝင� ခရစ� ဆ��ဒ��တ� က ရ�င���ပသည�။

၎င��တ���၏ အဆ��အရ SAC-M သည� �မန�မ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�အဖ���မ���၊ က�က�ယ�သ�မ�����င�� တက��ကလ�ပ�ရ���သ�မ���က�� ၎င��တ����သနဂ�ဗ��ဟ�မ���အတ�က� အ�ကံ�ပ�မည��ဖစ��ပ�� ၎င��တ���၏ အသံမ��� ပ��မ��က�ယ��ပန���စရန� လ�ပ�က��င��ပ�မည��ဖစ�သည�။

တည��ထ�င�သ� ၃ ဦ�ရ���သ� ထ���က�င�စ�သစ�က�� �မန�မ��အ�ရ���င��ပတ�သက��သ� အ�ခ��က�မ��က�င�သ�မ��� လ��ရ�က� ပ���ပ�င�����င�မည��ဖစ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

SAC-M သည� Zoom မ�တဆင� ဗ�ဒ�ယ�� သတင��စ�ရ�င��လင��ပ��က�� လ�မည���က�သပ�တ��န� (မတ�လ ၄ ရက��န�) တ�င� က�င��ပ�ပ�� ၎င��တ���၏ လ�ပ�ငန��မ���က�� မ�တ�ဆက�က� လတ�တ�လ�အ�ရ��ပ���င�� ဆက�လက��ဖစ��ပ��နသည�� အက�ပ�အတည��မ���က�� �ဆ������မည��ဖစ�သည�။

က���က��။ ။ The Online Citizen

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/2021/03/02/238825.html

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�မန�မ��အ�ရ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ�တ�င� အ�ပင��အထန��ဆ������ရန� အ�မရ�ကန� တ�န��အ���ပ��န

By ဧရ�ဝတ� | 2 March 2021

ဝ�ရ�င�တန�သည� ၎င��၏ က�လသမဂ���င�� အသစ�တဖန� �ပန�လည�ထ��တ��ဆက�ဆံ�ရ�က�� အသ�ံ��ပ�ရန� အသင��ရ����က�င����င�� �မန�မ� စစ�တပ�က�� ၎င��တ���၏လ�ပ�ရပ�မ��� �ပန�လည���ပ�သ�မ���စ�ပ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�နည��က��ရ���က�က�ခံအစ���ရက�� �ပန�လည�ခန��အပ�ရန� ���င�ငံတက���င��အတ� ဖ�အ���ပ�လ����က�င�� လင�ဒ� �သ�မတ� ဂရင��ဖ��လ�က ��ပ��က��လ��က�သည�။

မတ�လတ�င� အ�မရ�ကန�၏ က�လသမဂ�လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ� ဥက��တ�ဝန�က�� အသ�ံ��ပ��ပ�� �မန�မ����င�ငံ��င��ပတ�သက�သည�� ပ��မ���ပင��ထန�သည�� �ဆ������ပ��က�� တ�န��အ���ပ�လ����က�င�� က�လသမဂ�ဆ��င�ရ� အ�မရ�ကန� သံအမတ� လင�ဒ��သ�မတ�ဂရင��ဖ��လ�က တနလ���န�တ�င���ပ�သည�။

�မန�မ����င�ငံမ� �ရ���က�က�ခံအရပ�သ��အစ���ရက�� �ဖ�ဖ�ဝ�ရ�လ ၁ ရက��န� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�တ�င� �ဖ�တ�ခ�လ��က�သည�။ က�လသမဂ�ဆ��င�ရ� �မန�မ�သံအမတ� ဦ��က���မ���ထ�န��က �မန�မ����င�ငံတ�င� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�က�� လ��အပ�သည�� မည�သည��နည���ဖင��မဆ�� အ�ရ�ယ��ပ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� �ပန�လည�ထ�န��သ�မ��ရန� �သ��က��န�တ�င� က�လသမဂ�သ��� �မတ��ရပ�ခံခ��သည�။

“အ�မရ�ကန����င�ငံက က�လသမဂ�လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ� ဥက��တ�ဝန�ယ�ခ��န�မ�� ပ��မ���ပင��ထန�တ�� �ဆ������မ��တ�က�� တ�န��အ���ပ�ဖ��� က�မ �မ���လင��တယ�”ဟ� �သ�မတ�ဂရင��ဖ��လ�က သတင���ထ�က�မ���က�� ��ပ��က��ရင�� �မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ�အစည��အ�ဝ�က�� အ�မန�ဆ�ံ�က�င��ပရန� စ�စ��ထ����က�င����ပ�သည�။

Page 58 of 61

လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ��က�င�စ�သည� လ�န�ခ���သ�လက ထ�တ��ပန�သည����ကည�ခ�က�တ�င� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က အ�ရ��ပ�အ��ခအ�န တ��စ���ကည��ခင��က�� စ���ရ�မ�ပ�ပန���က�င����ပ��က���သ��လည�� တ��တ���င�� ��ရ���တ���၏ ဆန��က�င�မ���က�င�� အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ�က�� ��တ�ခ����င��ခင�� မရ��ခ���ပ။

�မန�မ� ရ�မ���သည� စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� ဆန��က�င��ရ� ဆ���ပပ��မ���က�� မ�က�ရည�ယ��ဗ�ံ�မ���၊ အသံဗ�ံ�မ���၊ ရ�ဘ�က�ည�မ����ဖင�� �ဖ ��ခ���နသည�။ တနဂ�����န�တ�င� ရ�မ���က �နရ�အမ���အ�ပ��တ�င� လ�အ�ပ�က�� ပစ�ခတ��သ���က�င�� လ� အနည��ဆ�ံ� ၁၈ ဦ��သ��က�င�� က�လသမဂ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ���ံ�က ဆ��သည�။

ဝ�ရ�င�တန�သည� ၎င��၏ က�လသမဂ���င�� အသစ�တဖန��ပန�လည�ထ��တ��ဆက�ဆံ�ရ�က�� အသ�ံ��ပ�ရန�အသင��ရ����က�င����င�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က�� ၎င��တ���၏လ�ပ�ရပ�မ��� �ပန�လည���ပ�သ�မ���စ�ပ�� ဒ�မ��က�ရစ�နည��က��ရ���က�က�ခံအစ���ရက�� �ပန�လည�ခန��အပ�ရန� ���င�ငံတက���င��အတ� ဖ�အ���ပ�လ����က�င�� �သ�မတ� ဂရင��ဖ��လ�က ��ပ��က��လ��က�သည�။

“ဒ��ပမယ�� က�မတ���အခ��တ���နရတ�� အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ��တ�က က�မအ�မင� ဒ��လ�က� လ�ယ�က�တ�� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ�ခ�က��လ�က�� ခ�ဖ��� သ�တ��� အဆင�သင���ဖစ�တယ�ဆ��တ�� လက�ဏ�က�� �ပသ�ခင��မရ��ဘ��။ ဒ���က�င��မ��� က�မတ���က ဖ�အ�� ထပ�မံ�မင��တင�ရမယ�” ဟ� သ���ပ�သည�။

က�လသမဂ� အ�ထ��ထ�အတ�င���ရ�မ��ခ��ပ� အန�တ��န�ယ�� ဂ�တ��ရက�က စစ�အ�ဏ�သ�မ��မ� မ�အ�င��မင��ရ�အတ�က� ကမ ��ဖ�အ��က�� အသ�ံ��ပ�မည��ဖစ���က�င�� ကတ��ပ�ထ��သည�။

ဦ��က���မ���ထ�န��သည� ���င�ငံက�� သစ���ဖ�က��သ���က�င�� ရ�ထ��မ� ထ�တ�ပယ�လ��က���က�င�� �မန�မ� စစ�တပ���ပ�သံက စ�န�န�တ�င���ကည�သည�။ “က��န��က�တ�� အတတ����င�ဆ�ံ� �ပန�လည�တ��က�ခ��က�သ���မယ�” ဟ� ဦ��က���မ���ထ�န��က Reuters သတင��ဌ�နသ�����ပ�သည�။

စစ�အစ���ရသည� အစ���ရအ��ပ�င��အလ��ဖစ��ခင����င�� က�လသမဂ�တ�င� က��ယ�စ���ပ�မ� အ��ပ�င��အလ��ဖစ���က�င�� အ��က�င���က���ခင�� မရ���သ���က�င�� က�လသမဂ�သည� စစ�အစ���ရက�� �မန�မ����င�ငံအစ���ရသစ�အ�ဖစ� အသ�အမ�တ�မ�ပ��ပ။

“�မန�မ����င�ငံက�� က��ယ�စ���ပ�မ�န��ပတ�သက�တ�� အ��ပ�င��အလ�က�� နယ���ယ�က�က က�လသမဂ�က�� အ��က�င���က��စ� မ�ရ�က�ဘ��” ဟ� က�သလမဂ���ပ�ခ�င��ရသ� စတက�ဖန� ဒ�ဂ���ရစ�က တနလ���န�တ�င���ပ�သည�။ “သံတမန��ရ�ရ�ဌ�နက က�မတ��� လ�ပ��ဖ�က��င�ဖက��တ�ကလည�� �မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� အ�မ�တမ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�အဖ���ဆ�က အစ���ရအ��ပ�င��အလ��ဖစ�တ�� ဘ�သတင��အခ�က�အလက�မ� မရဘ��” ဟ�လည�� သ���ပ�သည�။

က���က��။ ။ Reuters

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/2021/03/02/238816.html

------

နမ�တ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င�� လက�နက��က��က�၊ အရပ�သ��မ��� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ

သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ� က�န�ရက�။ ၂၀၂၁ ခ���စ�၊ မတ�လ ၂ ရက�။

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ� ��မ�က�ပ��င��၊ နမ�တ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င�� လက�နက��က��က�ည�က��ရ�က��ပ�က�က��မ���က�င�� �ဒသခံ �ပည� သ�အခ���� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရရ��ခ��သည�ဟ� �ဒသခံမ���က ��ပ�သည�။

Page 59 of 61

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ ၂၈ ရက��န� က�ခ��သည�� လက�နက��ပ��က�ည���က�င�� နမ�တ��မ ���နယ� မန�စံ�က��ရ��က �ဒသခံ ရ��သ�� ၆ ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ� ရရ��ခ��သည�ဟ� �ဒသခံမ���က ��ပ�ငည�။

မန�စံ�က��ရ��က ရပ�မ�ရပ�ဖတစ�ဦ�က “၂၈ ရက��န�က �ဖစ�တ�ပ�။ လက�နက��ပ��က ၇ လ�ံ��လ�က��တ�င�မ� ရ�� ထ�က�� က�တ�ပ�။ လ��တ�လည��ထ�သ���တယ�။ ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ��လ��တ�က အခ� ဒ�လ������ဆ���ံမ��ပ�။ စစ��ဆ���ံမ�� ပ�။ စ���ရ�မ�ရတ��လ��တ�လည��ပ�တယ� အရမ��စ���ရ�မ�ရတ�က ၂ �ယ�က�ပ�။ နည��နည��ပ��ပ�� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ� ရ တ��တ�လည��ရ��တယ�” ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

အဆ��ပ� တ��က�ပ��မ�� ရ��ထ�တ�င� �ဖစ�ပ����ခင��မဟ�တ� ဟ�လည�� �ဒသခံမ���က ��ပ�သည�။

မန�စံ�က��ရ��အန���ဖစ�ပ���ခ��သည�� အဆ��ပ� ပစ�ခတ�မ�မ�����က�င�� ရ��သ��မ��� နမ�တ��မ ���ဘက�သ��� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င��န �ကရသည�။

“ရ��ထ�က က�� �တ�လည�� ထ�တယ�။ လက�နက��က��ထ��ပ���သသ���တ�။ က��က တစ��က�င�၊ ဝက�က ၄-၅ �က�င� ရ��တယ� �သသ���တ�။ �ခ��လည�� ထ�တ� ရ��တယ� �သသ���တယ�။ အ�မ�မ���လ�င�သ���တ�လည��ရ��တယ�။ အ�မ�ဆ�� တ�က ရ��မ�� ��ပ�င��ဖ���တ��လ��င�ထ��တ�� အ�မ��ပ�� အ��ဒ�မ���လ�င�တယ�။ တခ����အ�မ��တ�က�တ�� လက�နက� �က��က�ည�ဆမ�န�တယ�။ တ��က�ပ��က ၂၇ ရက��န�ကလည�� �ဖစ�တယ�၊ ၂၆ ရက��န�ကလည�� �ဖစ�တယ�။ ဆက�တ��က� ပ�� ဒ�ရက�ပ��င���ဖစ�တ�။ ရ�� ဘ�န���က��လည�� အရင��န�က က�ည�စထ�သ����သ�တယ�။ သ�က�တ�� မစ���ရ�မ�ရပ�ဘ��” ဟ� မန�စံ�က��ရ��က �ဒသခံတစ�ဦ�က ဆက���ပ�သည�။

�ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ� ၂၇ ရက� ကလည�� မန�စံ�က��ရ��အန���ဖစ�ပ���ခ��သည�� တ��က�ပ����က�င�� မန�စံဘ�ရ���က��င�� က�� က�ည� ထ�မ�န�ခ���ပ��၊ အဆ��ပ��က��င��မ� �က��င��ထ��င�ဆရ��တ�� က�ည�စ ထ�မ�န�ခ��သည�ဟ� မန�စံ�ဒသခံမ���က ��ပ�သည�။

�ပ��ခ��သည�� �ဖ�ဖ��ဝ�ရ�လ လလယ�ခန��က စတင��ပ�� တအန��တပ��တ�� PSLF/TNLA၊ ရ�မ���ပည�တပ�မ�တ�� (��မ�က�ပ��င��) SSPP/SSA ပ���ပ�င��တပ�မ�����င�� ရ�မ���ပည�တပ�မ�တ�� (�တ�င�ပ��င��) RCSS/SSA တ���အ�က�� နမ�တ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င�� တ��က�ပ��မ��� �ဖစ�ပ����န�ခင�� �ဖစ�သည�။

အလ��တ� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ���မ�က�ပ��င��၊ �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င��က �က��ရ���အခ����တ���တ�င�လည�� အဆ��ပ�တပ�မ��� အ�က�� တ��က�ပ��မ����ဖစ�ပ���ခ��ရ� �ဒသခံမ��� �နရပ�စ�န��ခ�� စစ��ဘ�တ�န���ရ��င��နရသည�မ�� ယ�န�အခ��န�ထ� �ဖစ� သည�။

နမ�တ��မ ���နယ���င�� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င��က တအန��တပ��တ�� PSLF/TNLA၊ ရ�မ���ပည�တပ�မ�တ�� (��မ�က� ပ��င��) SSPP/SSA ��င�� ရ�မ���ပည�တပ�မ�တ�� (�တ�င�ပ��င��) RCSS/SSA တ���အ�က�� �ဖစ�ပ����နသည�� အဆ��ပ� တ��က� ပ��မ���၊ စစ��ရ�တင��မ�မ�မ�����က�င�� �ဒသခံ�ပည�သ� ၂၀၀၀ န��ပ��ခန�� စစ��ဘ�လ�တ�ရ� �နရ�မ��� သ��� ထ�က���ပ� �န�ရ��င��န�ကရ�ပ�� စ��နပ�ရ�က��မ���လည�� လ��အပ��နသည�ဟ� အက�အည��ပ�သ�မ�����င�� �ဒသခံမ���က ��ပ� သည�။

ထ���အ�ပင� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ���မ�က�ပ��င��၊ မ�ဆယ��မ ���နယ�အတ�င�� တပ�မ�တ��မ� အ�ဏ�သ�မ���ပ�� ရက��ပ�င�� ၂၀ အ�က�ခန��ကစတ��ပ�� ကခ�င�လ�တ�လပ��ရ� တပ�မ�တ�� KIA ��င�� တပ�မ�တ��တ���အ�က�� တ��က�ပ��မ��� �ပန�လည��ဖစ� ပ���ခ���ပ�� ယ�န�အခ��န�ထ�လည�� ��စ�ဖက��က�� စစ��ရ�တင��မ�မ�မ��� ရ���နဆ��ဖစ�သည�။

http://www.nmg-news.com/2021/03/02/13122

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Page 60 of 61

�က��က��က���ဒသတ�င� လ�ငယ���စ�ဦ� မ��င��နင��မ� �သဆ�ံ�

မတ� ၂ ရက�၊ ၂၀၂၁ ခ���စ�။ �ကအ��င�စ�

KNU-ကရင�အမ����သ��အစည��အ��ံ�၊ တပ�မဟ�-၃ နယ���မ၊ �က��က��က���မ ���နယ�၊ မ�သယ�ရ��၌ �နထ��င��သ� လ�ငယ� ၂ ဦ�သည� �က��က��က���မ ���သ��� ပစ�ည��ဝယ�ရန� ယမန��န�(မတ�လ ၁ ရက�)တ�င� ရ��အ�ပင�သ���ထ�က�သ���ခ��န� မ��င��နင��မ��ပ�� ၂ ဦ�စလ�ံ� �သဆ�ံ�ခ��သည�ဟ� သ�ရသည�။

အဆ��ပ� လ�ငယ� ၂ ဦ� မ��င��နင��မ�သည��လမ��မ�� KNU မ� �ဖတ�သန��သ���လ�ခ�င�� မ�ပ�ထ��သည�� လမ��မ�ဖစ��ပ�� �ထ�င�ထ��သည�� မ��င��မ��လည�� မည�သည��အဖ���က�ဖစ���က�င��က�� မသ�ရ��ရ�သ���က�င�� �ည�င��လ�ပင�ခ���င� Free Burma Rangers (FBR) အဖ��� တ�ဝန�ခံ �စ�ကလယ�မ�ထ��က ��ပ�သည�။

“လမ��က KNU က ပ�တ�ထ��တ�၊ အ�ဒ�လ�ငယ��တ�က �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�ဆ�မ�� ခ�င���တ�င���ပ��သ���တ�၊ �ဖစ�သ���တ�က မ�န� မနက�ပ��င��မ��ပ�။” ဟ� �ကအ��င�စ�သ��� ယ�န�(မတ� ၂ ရက�)တ�င� ��ပ�သည�။

ဆ��င�ကယ��ပင�လ�ပ�ငန��လ�ပ�က��င�သ� အမ����သ��တစ�ဦ���င�� အ�ဖ��အ�ဖစ� လ��က�ပ�ခ��သ� အမ����သမ��တစ�ဦ�တ���သည� ယမန��န� နံနက� ရ န�ရ��က���ခန��တ�င� �က��က��က���မ ���သ��� ဆက�စပ�အပ��ပစ�ည��မ��� ဝယ�ယ�ရန� ရ���ပင� အထ�က� တ�င� မ��င��ထ�မ�န� �သဆ�ံ�ခ���က�ခင���ဖစ�သည�ဟ� သ�ရသည�။

အဆ��ပ� အခင���ဖစ�ပ���သည���နရ�တ�င� �ကအ�န�ယ���င�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��တ���အ�က�� စစ��ရ�တင��မ�မ�ရ�� သည�� �နရ��ဖစ�သလ�� �ပ��ခ��သည�� ဒ�ဇင�ဘ�လတ�န��က �ဖစ�ပ���ခ��သည�� ��စ�ဖက�ပစ�ခတ�မ���က�င�� �ထ�င���င��ခ��သည�� �ဒသခံရ��သ��မ���မ�� �တ��တ�င�ထ�သ��� ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င�ခ��ရ�ပ�� ယခ�အခ��န�ထ� �နရပ��ပန����င��ခင��မရ�� �သ��ပ။

http://kicnews.org/2021/03/ေက�ာက္ႀက��ေဒသ�တင္-လ�ငယ္/

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