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Title (Times New Roman 14-Heading Centred) th 5 European Conference on Severe Storms 12 - 16 October 2009 - Landshut - GERMANY ECSS 2009 Abstracts by session ECSS 2009 - 5th European Conference on Severe Storms 12-16 October 2009 - Landshut – GERMANY List of the abstract accepted for presentation at the conference: O – Oral presentation P – Poster presentation Session 11: Socio-economic aspects, e.g. damage analysis, wind speed vs. damage relation Page Type Abstract Title Author(s) Hail and wind damage in Finland: Societal impacts and J. Rauhala, J.-P. Tuovinen, D. M. 337 O preparedness Schultz Tropical cyclone losses in the USA and the impact of 339 O climate change — A trend analysis based on data from a S. Schmidt, C. Kemfert, P. Höppe new approach to adjusting storm losses Media communication of extreme events: a case study for 341 O L. H. Nunes Brazil Comparisons of low level radar winds, in situ 1-m winds, O J. Wurman, K. Kosiba and damage in tornadoes Reconstruction of near-surface tornado wind fields from 343 O V. Beck, N. Dotzek forest damage Radar parameters determining the kinetic energy of hail J. L. Sánchez, B. Gil, L. López, E. 345 O precipitation in the Iberian Peninsula García-Ortega A. Guerrero, M. van de Poll, K. 347 O The RMS U.S. and Canada Severe Convective Storm Model Nzerem Research aspects of Crisis Prevention and Risk & Crisis 349 O Management in Enterprises - Empirical data from A. Kulmhofer Austrian Enterprises N. Wever, G. Groen, R. Jilderda, O Climate and climate scenarios for Mainport Schiphol R. Leander, D. Wolters Cost-benefit Analysis of the Hail Suppression Project in 351 P M. Mitic, Z. Vucinic, Z. Babic Serbia Impact of two severe storm systems over the São Paulo D. H. Candido, L. H. Nunes, G. 353 P State, Brazil Held Variability of Indo-Pacific tropical cyclone activity and 355 P C. Welker, N. Dotzek, E. Faust related socioeconomic disasters I. Gladich, I. Gallai, D. B. 357 P Severe Local Storms Cultural Heritage Giaiotti, G. M. Morgan, F. Stel Fruitful cooperation between NMS and amateur M. Lacinová, J. Drahokoupil, L. P stormchasers Ronge An illustrated verbal description of the TORRO- and Fujita- B. Feuerstein, N. Dotzek, P. 359 P scales adapted for Central Europe considering building Groenemeijer, A. M. Holzer, E. structure and vegetation characteristics Dirksen, M. Hubrig, E. Rauch 335 336 5th European Conference on Severe Storms 12–16 October 2009 - Landshut - GERMANY HAIL AND WIND DAMAGE IN FINLAND: SOCIETAL IMPACTS AND PREPAREDNESS J. Rauhala,1 J.-P. Tuovinen,1 and David M. Schultz1,2 1Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Division of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (Dated: 15 September 2009) I. INTRODUCTION (3% or 6 cases). Understanding the consequences of severe On 5 July 2002, a severe thunderstorm outbreak convective storms on society helps develop preparedness for caused a 450-km-long damage area in Finland (Punkka et al. such events. First, understanding the severity and type of 2006). Most of the reported wind damage was F1 intensity, accidents caused by past events can guide the formulation of although a few small areas of F2 damage were also reported. guidance for authorities and the public. This information The Rescue Services performed 445 weather-related rescue may be also used to draft call-to-action statements, which operations. In the worst-hit province, the total number of may be included in a warning message. Second, knowing the rescue operations was 14 times the average (compared to the typical impacts of events can help authorities make site- average of the first Friday of July 1999–2001 and 2003– specific action plans for people, private and public 2005), and the number of Rescue Services rescue operations properties, and outdoor venues. All these preparedness stayed high for few days; the next day had four-fold the measures may be used during a severe-weather event to number of reports and the second day after the event still prevent casualties. Additionally, if severe weather is had double the number of reports. forecast, impact information can be used to mitigate Of the 445 rescue operations during 5 July 2002, 325 property damage and ensure society’s faster recovery by (73%) were related to falling trees, most commonly trees on planning ahead for the resources needed for both rescue road (54% or 178), trees on electric power lines (20% or 65), work and repairing damaged infrastructures. and trees on buildings (20% or 65). In some instances, the The potential impacts of a specific severe-weather trees were blocking a 100-m wide area of the road, making event are also influenced by local effects like topography, the rescue work difficult. vegetation, construction standards, and local human Apparently, the 26 August storm did not have an behaviour. Therefore, the local effects should be considered impact on the number of road accidents, as the statistics when defining the typical impacts or safety rules for a from the Finnish Motor Insurers´ Centres did not have certain area. This study describes the basis for defining higher than the average number of accidents in the affected localized call-to-action statements and impact descriptions area. However, coincident with the squall-line passage, four of convective storms producing wind or hail damage in traffic accidents with four injuries were reported to the Finland. Rescue Services. This included a truck crashing into a This presentation consists of two parts. In the first falling tree and a tank truck falling over. On 5 July, the part, we studied two convective storms that caused major insurance statistics showed an increase in the number of wind damage in Finland to understand the impacts to society accidents at the worst-hit area, where there was a 70% of these types of convective windstorms. In the second part, increase compared to the average (first Friday of July). The we studied media reports of the damage from 60 large-hail traffic accidents included two cases of cars crashing into cases and one severe-hail outbreak case in detail. In both fallen trees on the road and, in several cases, a car was parts, the data comes from the rescue operations of the trapped between fallen trees. The 5 July outbreak also Finnish Rescue Services and the statistics of paid included two cases where the railway was blocked by fallen compensations from the Finnish Motor Insurers´ Centres. trees. The impact description is followed by convective wind Most of the other reported casualties were also storm and severe-hail call-to-action statements. related to falling trees. On 26 August, one person was reported injured during tree-clearing work and, on 5 July, II. IMPACTS OF CONVECTIVE WINDSTORMS one person was injured when hit by a falling tree. In another On 26 August 2005, a severe frontal rainband caused location, an electric shock was reported shortly after the widespread wind damage in western Finland. Most of the wind damage. On 5 July, 5 cases of small boaters on lakes damage was caused by straight-line winds, although 9 short- were reported in distress, a common summertime problem lived tornadoes were also reported (Rauhala and Punkka on the more than 180,000 lakes in Finland. 2008). The reported damage was mostly F1 intensity. The The rescue operations related to building damage Finnish Rescue Services performed 377 weather-related were similar in both events and included detached roofs, an rescue operations across five provinces. The number of overturned tent, and, in one case, a collapsed outbuilding. rescue operations was 3–4 times the daily average. Most Several people were trapped in elevators because of power (62% or 234) of the rescue operations during the event failures. On 5 July, the Emergency Response Centres concerned danger caused by fallen trees. Most often (53% or suffered a power failure, telephone-line overload, and the 124) the fallen trees blocked road traffic, but cases also incapacity to transfer all assignments. concerned fallen trees over electric power line (21% or 49 cases), over a building (12%, 28 cases), or on top of a car 337 5th European Conference on Severe Storms 12–16 October 2009 - Landshut - GERMANY III. IMPACTS OF HAIL STORMS impacts in Finland, and, in co-operation with the Emergency Regardless of size, hail can flatten crops or make Services College, we have developed convective wind and roads hazardous to drive on with slippery conditions and hail storm call-to-action statements that can be included in rapidly decreasing visibility. At least seven injuries and one warning messages (Table 2). The purpose of the call-to- death have been reported in traffic accidents caused by hail action statements is to save lives, and they are intended to be in Finland since 2006. used only when the threat is imminent. The aim is to keep Based on damage caused by 60 separate severe-hail them as compact and clear as possible so that they are easily cases in Finland during the past 10 years (from the understandable when heard on the radio. Two levels of climatology by Tuovinen et al. (2009)), we have classified statements have been developed to highlight the possibility the typical reported damage for different hail sizes (Table 1). of extremely dangerous events (Smith 2000). The impact of the hail is not solely dependent on hail size, but also on the duration of the hail fall and the TABLE 2: Thunderstorm wind and hail call-to-action statements for accompanying winds (e.g. Parker et al. 2005). The most Finland. Large hail commonly reported hail damage in Finland includes broken General Move indoors away from windows and glass plastic or glass shields and windows, and dented cars.
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