SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON Aviation Sector in India “Submitted in the Partial Fulfillment for the Requirement of Post Graduate Diploma in Management” (PGDM) Submitted to: Submitted by: Mr. Sandeep Ranjan Pattnaik Biswanath Panigrahi Marketing and Sales Manager Roll No: 121 At Air Uddan Pvt.ltd (2011-2013) Jagannath International Management School Kalkaji, New Delhi. 1 | P a g e Acknowledgment I have made this project report on “Aviation Sector in India” under the supervision and guidance of Miss Palak Gupta (Internal Mentor) and Mr.Sandeep Ranjan Pattnaik (External Mentor). The special thanks go to my helpful mentors, Miss Palak Gupta and Mr.Sandeep Ranjan Pattnaik. The supervision and support that they gave truly helped the progression and smoothness of the project I have made. The co-operation is much indeed appreciated and enjoyable. Besides, this project report making duration made me realize the value of team work. Name: Biswanath Panigrahi STUDENT’S UNDERTAKING 2 | P a g e I hereby undertake that this is my original work and have never been submitted elsewhere. Project Guide: (By:Biswanath Panigrahi) Mr. Sandeep Ranjan Pattnaik Marketing and Sales Manager Air Uddan Pvt.ltd (EXTERNAL GUIDE) Ms. Palak Gupta (Astt. Professor JIMS) S.NO. CHAPTERS PAGE NO. 01. CHAPTER 1 5 3 | P a g e EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 02. CHAPTER 2 8 COMPANY PROFILE 03. CHAPTER 3 33 Brief history of Indian Aviation sector 04. CHAPTER 4 40 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT 05. CHAPTER 5 43 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 06. CHAPTER 6 46 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 07. CHAPTER 7 57 FINDINGS AND INTERFERENCES 08. CHAPTER 8 60 RECOMMENDATION 09. CHAPTER 9 62 APPENDICES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 4 | P a g e CHAPTER 01 Executive Summary 5 | P a g e Aviation sector in India has been transformed from an over regulated and under managed sector to a more open, liberal and investment friendly sector since 2004. Entry of low cost carriers, higher house hold incomes, strong economic growth, increased FDI inflows, surging tourist inflow, increased cargo movement, sustained business growth and supporting government policies are the major drivers for the growth of aviation sector in India. While there are a lot of new avenues in aerospace services in the coming decades, the constraints associated need to be addressed to enable the smooth growth of the sector. Some of the issues faced by the sector include mounting losses of the airlines, rising aviation fuel prices, congestion at airports, shortage of qualified pilots and technical manpower, up gradation of security, land acquisition, high taxation, high airport charges etc. There is a need to study the causes of the issues and address the same thereby paving an unobstructed growth path for the various opportunities. This framework would act as a platform to scale new heights and make India one of the leaders in the global aviation industry. The framework would require prioritization of various issues on the basis of importance (high, normal or low). This would ensure a focused approach to understand the root cause of the issue and to address the same by taking necessary remedial actions. The framework would also emphasize on the time lines for leveraging the opportunities abound in the sector. 6 | P a g e CHAPTER 02 COMPANY PROFILE 7 | P a g e In 1946 it was a dream of Mr. Biju Patnaik, an aeronautical engineer, navigator, an ace pilot, industrialist, an eminent freedom fighter and above all a crowning statesman of national and international repute. Although man had dreamt of flying for centuries, on December 17,1903 the Wright brothers made the world's first flight in a power-driven, heavier-than-air machine. The plane flew 120 feet in twelve seconds. This flight lasted only twelve seconds, but it was nevertheless the first in the history of the world in which a machine carrying a man had raised itself by its own power into the air in full flight had sailed forward without reduction of speed and finally landed at a point as high as that from which it started. In Civil Aviation, only Licensed Pilots can fly the aircraft and only Licensed Engineer (A.M.E) can do maintenance of the aircraft. Only a competent Flayer, trained and licensed by the DGCA, Government of India can operate the "Flying Machine" after obtaining training from the approved Flying Training School 8 | P a g e CHAPTER 03 A BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIAN AVIATION SECTOR 9 | P a g e A Brief History of Indian Aviation Sector 1912 — First flight from Karachi to Delhi started by Indian State Air Services and Imperial Airways UK collaboration. 1932 — Tata Airline introduced by JRD Tata. 1946 — Tata Airlines was transformed into Air India. 1953 — The Government of India nationalized the airline industry in 1953 through enactment of the Air Corporations Act. Pursuant to this Act, there were only two players left in the Indian aviation sector, both of which were owned and controlled by the government: (a) Indian Airlines, primarily serving domestic sector with operations to select international destinations; and (b) Air India, serving the international sectors. 1990 — Liberalization in the aviation industry began in 1990, with private-sectors players being allowed to operate as air taxi operators, but not permitted to operate scheduled services. A number of private players (including Jet Airways, Air Sahara, Modiluft, Damania 10 | P a g e Airways, NEPC Airlines and East West Airlines) commenced domestic operations as air taxi operators. 1994 — With repeal of the Air Corporation Act, private carriers were permitted to operate scheduled-carrier status upon fulfillment of certain applicable criteria. 1995 — Jet, Sahara, Modiluft, Damania, NEPC, East West granted scheduled carrier status 1997 — 4 out of 6 operators shut down. Jet & Sahara continue 2003 — Air Deccan, India’s first low carrier, started operations in August 2003, taking the total number of private players providing scheduled service to three. The Naresh Chandra Committee Report was set up to chart out a road map for the civil aviation sector. Private domestic airlines were given permission to fly to international destinations in the SAARC region with effect from December 2003. 2004 — Some of the Naresh Chandra Committee’s recommendations were implemented. 2005 till now— On 11 January 2005, Jet and Sahara obtained permission to operate internation services 11 | P a g e to and from Singapore, Malaysia , Thailand, Hongkong, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. However, the Persian Gulf routes were reserved for three years for public carriers Air India and Indian Airlines. Kingfisher, SpiceJet and GoAir launched services in the domestic sector. Scope of Aviation Sector in India. With a growth rate of 18 percent per annum, the Indian Aviation Industry is one of the fastest growing aviation industries in the world.. The government & apposes open sky policy has led to many overseas players entering the market and the industry has been growing both in terms of players and number of aircrafts. Today, private airlines account for around 75 per cent share of the domestic aviation market. India is the 9th largest aviation market in the world. According to the Ministry of Civil Aviation, around 29.8 million passengers traveled to/from India during 2008, an increase of 30 per cent on previous year. It is predicted that international passengers will grow up to 50 million by 2015. Further, due to enhanced opportunities and international connectivity, 69 foreign airlines from 49 countries are flying into India. Growth Rate 24% annual growth. AAI manages 128 airports, which include 15 International Airport, 08 Customs Airports, 81 Domestic Airports and 28 Civil Enclaves at Defense airfields. There are over 450 airports and 1091 registered aircrafts in the country. The genesis of civil aviation in India goes back to December 1912 when the first domestic air route between Karachi and Delhi became operational. In the early fifties, all airlines operating in the country were merged into either Indian Airlines or Air India and, by virtue of the Air Corporations Act 1953, this monopoly continued for the next forty years. 12 | P a g e Classification of Indian Aviation Sector The Indian aviation sector can be broadly divided into the following main categories: 1Scheduled Air Transport Services- It includes domestic and international airlines. 2. Non-scheduled air transport service - It includes charter operators and air taxi operators. 3. Air cargo service - It includes air transportation of cargo and mail. Scheduled air transport service: It is an air transport service undertaken between two or more places and operated according to a published timetable. It includes: 1. Domestic airlines, which provide scheduled flights within India and to select international destinations. Air Deccan, Spice Jet, Kingfisher Airline and Indigo are some of the domestic players in the industry. 2. International airlines, which operate scheduled international air services to and from India. Non-scheduled air transport service: 13 | P a g e It is an air transport service other than the scheduled one and may be on charter basis and/or non-scheduled basis. The operator is not permitted to publish time schedule and issue tickets to passengers. Key industry characteristics 1) Under-penetrated markets Despite recent growth in air passenger traffic, India continues to have relatively high under penetration of air services. According to the CMIE, domestic air traffic in the year ended March 31, 2005 reached 20 million. For a country with a billion plus population, this amounts to an average Indian making 0.02 trips per annum which is one of the lowest in the world, compared to an average of 2.02 trips per person per year in the United States for the same period. Consequently, there is a high level of potential demand which may be generated as the Indian economy grows and air travel becomes more affordable for a larger population.