HHAANNDDBBOOOOKK OONN CCIIVVIILL 2017-18 AAVVIIAATTIIOONN SSTTAATTIISSTTIICCSS

a glimpse of aviation statistics…..

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION

OVERVIEW

Directorate General of Civil Aviation is the regulatory body governing the safety aspects of civil aviation in . It is responsible for regulation of air transport services to/from/within India and for enforcement of civil air regulations, air safety and airworthiness standards. It also interfaces with all the regulatory functions of International Civil Aviation Organization.

DGCA’s Vision Statement:

“Endeavour to promote safe and efficient Air Transportation through regulation and proactive safety oversight system.”

REGIONAL AND SUB-REGIONAL OFFICES OF DGCA.

DGCA Head Quarters

Western Region Northern Region Eastern Region Sothern Region Bengaluru RO RO RO RO RO

Bhopal Patna SRO SRO SRO SRO SRO

Kanpur SRO SRO

Patiala Guwahati SRO SRO

RO: Regional office SRO: Sub-Regional office

S

DGCA has several directorates and divisions under its purview to carry out its functions.

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF CIVIL AVIATION

AIR TRANSPORT LEGAL AFFAIRS

STATE SAFETY PERSONNEL LICENSING PROGRAMME

FLIGHT TRAINING AND INTERNATIONAL SPORTS COOPERATION

INVESTIGATION AND AIRCRAFT CERTIFICATION PREVENTION

CONTINUING SURVEILLANCE AND AIRWORTHINESS ENFORCEMENT

INFORMATION AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS TECHNOLOGY

AERODROMES AND ADMINISTRATION GROUND AIDS

AIR NAVIGATION TRAINING SERVICES

Sl. No. CONTENTS PAGE No.

1. PASSENGER TRAFFIC STATISTICS 1-5

2. CARGO TRAFFIC STATISTICS 6-7

3. AIRCRAFT STATISTICS 8-10

4. NSOP STATISTICS 11-12

5. OPERATING ECONOMICS STATISTICS 13-15

6. HUMAN RESOURCE STATISTICS 16-19

7. AIR SAFETY STATISTICS 20

8. OTHER AVIATION RELATED STATISTICS 21-24

PASSENGER TRAFFIC

Air Passenger Traffic in India, both domestic and international witnessed a positive growth in the year 2017-18 compared to the previous year.

TABLE 1: PASSENGER TRAFFIC AT A GLANCE PASSENGER TRAFFIC UNIT 2017-18 2016-17

Departing 123.32 million 103.75 million Domestic Passengers Passengers (18.86) (21.77)

Revenue 117.04 billion 98.64 billion Domestic Airline Demand Passenger (18.65) (21.82) Kilometers (RPK)

Available Seat 134.54 billion 116.94 billion Domestic Airline Capacity Kilometers (ASK) (15.05) (19.66)

Departing and 60.58 million 54.68 million International Passengers Arriving (10.79) (9.84) Passengers

183.90 million 158.43 million Total Passengers (Domestic & International) (16.08) (17.37) Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage change over previous year. ASK is calculated as the sum of products obtained by multiplying the total number of seats that are available in each flight stage by the corresponding stage distance. RPK is calculated as the sum of the product obtained by multiplying the number of revenue passengers carried on each flight stage by the corresponding stage distance.

CHART 1. PASSENGER TRAFFIC CARRIED BY SCHEDULED CARRIERS OVER THE PAST DECADE

200.0 183.9

180.0 158.4 ----- 160.0 135.0 123.3 140.0 115.8 120.0 99.0 98.2 103.7 103.7 88.9 85.2 100.0 77.4 71.6 68.4 70.1 60.8 60.7 80.0 53.8 57.9 60.0 44.4 39.5 45.3 40.0 60.6 Passengers (In Million) (In Passengers 49.8 54.7 43.1 45.7 20.0 35.1 38.1 40.3 ----- 28.9 32.1 0.0 27.2

DOMESTIC PASSENGERS… INTERNATIONAL PASSENGERS TOTAL PASSENGERS

The domestic passenger traffic registered a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.76% during the period 2007-08 to 2017-18 while the international passenger traffic grew at 8.32% (CAGR) during the same period.

During the years from 2007-08 to 2017-18, the capacity (ASK) in the domestic market grew at a rate of 8.30% (CAGR) while the demand (RPK) grew at 10.87% (CAGR) during the same period.

TABLE 2: YEAR ON YEAR COMPARISON OF NUMBER OF SCHEDULED DOMESTIC PASSENGERS & PASSENGER LOAD FACTOR (PLF) PASSENGERS PLF (%) NAME OF THE (In Number) AIRLINE YoY 2016-17 2017-18 2016-17 2017-18 CHANGE (+/-) Growth(%) 13734192 14755383 7.4 79.2 80.5 1.3 110881 130787 18.0 59.3 60.7 1.4 625411 1281251 104.9 68.8 78.2 9.4 SPICEJET 13236143 16130815 21.9 92.9 94.7 1.8 16276098 18550776 14.0 81.8 84.3 2.5 INDIGO 41600088 48955983 17.7 85.2 88.2 3.0 GO AIR 8645969 10829141 25.3 88.0 88.6 0.6 JETLITE 2751042 2757497 0.2 79.2 85.3 6.1 AIR ASIA 2668553 4984419 86.8 85.6 86.0 0.4 600581 0 - 78.3 - - 2926586 4434987 51.5 78.0 85.9 7.9 TRUJET 424809 474123 11.6 78.0 75.6 -2.4 69927 0 - 79.2 - - 74725 1008 -98.7 63.3 66.7 3.4 3593 27077 653.6 70.1 74.0 3.9 AIR 0 117 - - 27.2 - DECCAN AIR 0 2552 - - 54.3 1.3 Note: DECCAN AIR AND started their operations since DECEMBER 2017 AND FEBRUARY 2018 respectively.

The high growth of 18.86 % in the total domestic passengers during 2017-18 is mainly due to the high growth in passengers carried by Air India, IndiGo, SpiceJet, Vistara, Air Asia and Go Air.

CHART 2: CAPACITY V/S DEMAND IN DOMESTIC MARKET OVER THE PAST DECADE

160000 100.0 84.3 87.0 82.8 90.0 140000 77.3 79.0 75.1 74.5

----- 73.3 70.3 72.0 80.0 120000 -----

63.7 70.0 134541

100000 60.0 116945

80000 50.0 97728 40.0

60000 84805

80716

78639 76148

117042 30.0

Pax Pax LoadFactor (%)

68216 98641

RPK RPK & ASK (InMillion) 40000

61091

59160

57901 80966

20.0 -----

-----

67023

59139 59084 20000 56739

52707 10.0

43959

40697 37704 0 0.0

RPK (DEMAND) ASK (CAPACITY) PAX LOAD FACTOR

In the year 2017-18, both ASK and RPK in the domestic market registered a positive growth compared to the previous year. The Passenger Load Factor in the domestic market, which fell to 73.3% in 2013-14, is steadily increasing thereafter. 2

CHART 3: MONTH-WISE YEAR ON YEAR GROWTH IN CAPACITY V/S DEMAND IN DOMESTIC MARKET, 2017-18

30.0 27.7 9.0 --- 23.2 8.0 ---- 14.8 25.0 14.2 7.0 13.3 20.8 20.9 18.7 6.0 20.0 18.0 13.1 17.5 17.5 17.9 16.4 18.1 5.0 15.4 16.0 16.8 13.9 16.5 4.0 15.0 14.8 15.6 11.9 3.0 10.2 10.0 2.0 1.0 5.0 0.0

YoY Growth in RPK & ASK (%) ASK & inRPK Growth YoY -1.0

--- 0.0 -2.0

APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR (%) Factor Load Pax in Growth YoY ----

YoY Growth in RPK YoY Growth in ASK YoY Growth in PLF

In the year 2017-18, domestic market experienced expansion in capacity as well as demand which is evident from the Chart 3 as both RPK & ASK witnessed positive growth in all the months as compared to the corresponding months in the previous year i.e. 2016-17. Also, in most of the months, YoY growth in RPK exceeded the YoY growth in ASK implying an improvement in the passenger load factor and hence efficiency except for the months of July.

CHART 4: MARKET SHARE(%) IN TERMS OF CHART 5: DOMESTIC MARKET SHARE(%) IN DOMESTIC MARKET DEMAND (RPK)-2017-18 TERMS OF PASSENGERS CARRIED-2017-18

12.0 12.2 8.8 8.8 13.1 1.0 4.1 0.5 12.3 4.0 3.6 4.3 2.2 1.9 14.6 15.0

0.4 0.2 0.1 40.9 0.1 39.7 0.02 0.03 INDIGO JET AIRWAYS SPICEJET INDIGO JET AIRWAYS SPICEJET AIR INDIA GO AIR AIR ASIA AIR INDIA GO AIR AIR ASIA VISTARA JETLITE ALLIANCE AIR VISTARA JETLITE ALLIANCE AIR TRUJET AIR INDIA EXPRESS OTHER AIRLINES* TRUJET AIR INDIA EXPRESS OTHER AIRLINES ^

*ZOOM AIR, , AIR CARNIVAL, AIR ODISHA. ^ ZOOM AIR, AIR DECCAN, AIR CARNIVAL, AIR ODISHA.

In the year 2017-18 both in terms of RPK and passengers carried, IndiGo had the maximum market share followed by Jet Airways, SpiceJet and Air India.

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CHART 6: PASSENGER LOAD FACTOR (PLF) OF SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS, 2017-18

100.0 94.7 88.6 88.2 90.0 86.0 85.9 85.3 84.3 80.5 78.2 75.6 ----- 80.0 74.0 70.0 66.7 60.7 60.0 54.3 50.0 89.4 82.8 83.0 40.0 79.4 76.5 27.2

30.0 Pax Load fcator (%) fcator Load Pax

20.0 ----- 10.0 0.0

DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL

In terms of Passenger Load Factor (PLF), a measure of capacity utilisation of airlines, for scheduled domestic operations, SpiceJet registered the highest PLF of 94.7 % followed by Go Air (88.6%), IndiGo (88.2%). SpiceJet also topped the position in terms of scheduled international operations with a PLF of 89.4% followed by Jet Airways (83.0%) and IndiGo (82.8%).

INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER MARKET SHARE

TABLE 3: MARKET SHARE (%) OF SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS AND FOREIGN CARRIERS IN TERMS OF INTERNATIONAL PASSENGERS CARRIED. YEAR FOREIGN CARRIERS INDIAN CARRIERS

2004-05 71.0 29.0

2009-10 65.5 34.5

2010-11 63.9 36.1

2011-12 63.4 36.6

2012-13 66.2 33.8

2013-14 64.1 35.9

2014-15 63.0 37.0

2015-16 63.4 36.6

2016-17 62.3 37.7

2017-18 61.1 38.9

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TABLE 4: MARKET SHARE (%) OF TOP 15 SCHEDULED OPERATORS – INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS, 2017-18.

NAME OF THE AIRLINE SHARE (IN %)

JET AIRWAYS 13.8 AIR INDIA 10.4 EMIRATES 9.2 AIR INDIA EXPRESS 6.2 INDIGO 5.3 ETIHAD 4.3 OMAN AIR 3.3 QATAR AIRWAYS 3.3 SPICEJET 3.2 SRILANKAN AIRWAYS 3.2 AIR ARABIA 3.0 SAUDI ARABIA AIRLINES 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.0

Out of total 93 scheduled international operators, top 6 operators accounted for nearly 50% of total international Passenger traffic and top 15 operators accounted for nearly three fourth of the total international Passenger traffic in the year 2017-18 . Jet Airways had the maximum market share (13.8%) followed by Air India (10.4%), Emirates Airline (9.2%), Air India Express (6.2%), IndiGo (5.3%) and Etihad Airways (4.3%).

CHART 7: DISTRIBUTION OF INDIA'S CHART 8: DISTRIBUTION OF INDIA'S INBOUND INTERNATIONAL OUTBOUND INTERNATIONAL PASSENEGER TRAFFIC, 2017-18 PASSENGER TRAFFIC, 2017-18

3.8 2.5 3.9 2.6

12.7 12.7

54.1 53.6 26.9 27.3

AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST ASIA PACIFIC AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE CHINA & NORTH ASIA EUROPE CHINA & NORTH ASIA THE AMERICAS THE AMERICAS

More than half of the passenger traffic to and from accounted for by the countries in the Africa & Middle East.

5

CARGO TRAFFIC

Air cargo carried by scheduled airline operators, both domestic and international witnessed a positive growth in 2017-18. TABLE 5: CARGO TRAFFIC AT A GLANCE.

CARGO TRAFFIC 2017-18 2016-17 6.97 Lakh MT 6.38 Lakh MT DOMESTIC (9.25) (2.24) 15.13 Lakh MT 15.13 Lakh MT INTERNATIONAL* (14.61) (7.76) Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage change over previous year; MT: Metric Tonne. * International Cargo figures include Freight only.

CHART 9: CARGO TRAFFIC CARRIED BY SCHEDULED CARRIERS OVER THE PAST DECADE 3000 1734 - 2500 1513 1368 1404 1292 1262 2000 1220 1238 1025 1072 1139 1500 1000 592 624 638 697 368 394 465 453 452 509

- 342 500 0

Cargo (ThousandMetricTonne) DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL* --

* International Cargo figures include Freight only.

The domestic cargo traffic registered a growth of 6.6% (CAGR) over the period from 2007-08 to 2017-18 while International cargo traffic grew at 5.4% (CAGR) during the same period.

CHART 10: PROPORTION OF DOMESTIC CARGO CARRIED AS BELLY CARGO AND IN DEDICATED FREIGHTERS 120.0

100.0 14.0 16.7 17.9 20.3 21.2 23.1 20.0 20.1 20.2 18.0 80.0

60.0

40.0 86.0 83.3 82.1 79.7 78.8 76.9 80.0 79.9 79.8 82.0 20.0

0.0

BELLY CARGO DEDICATED CARGO

Dedicated cargo refers to the cargo carried by aircrafts solely meant for freight carriage.

The proportion of the total domestic cargo carried as belly cargo to the total domestic cargo has generally been declining over the years since 2005-06 but since 2014-15 there is a revival in the proportion of the total domestic cargo carried as belly cargo. 6

TABLE 6: PROPORTION OF INTERNATIONAL CARGO* CARRIED BY INDIAN AND FOREIGN CARRIERS

YEAR INDIAN CARRIERS (%) FOREIGN CARRIERS (%)

2004-05 13.6 86.4

2009-10 16.1 83.9

2010-11 20.3 79.7

2011-12 21.1 78.9

2012-13 17.7 82.3

2013-14 18.3 81.7

2014-15 17.8 82.2

2015-16 16.9 83.1

2016-17 18.8 81.2

2017-18 20.5 79.5

* International Cargo figures include Freight only.

CHART 11: DISTRIBUION OF INDIA'S CHART 12: DISTRIBUTION OF INDIA'S INBOUND INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT OUTBOUND INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT TRAFFIC, 2017-18 TRAFFIC, 2017-18 1.5 1.5 7.3 20.7 27.5 16.0

51.6

23.3 23.6 27.0

AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST EUROPE AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST EUROPE ASIA PACIFIC CHINA & NORTH ASIA ASIA PACIFIC CHINA & NORTH ASIA THE AMERICAS THE AMERICAS

Freight traffic is coming to India in almost equal proportion from around the World except the freight traffic from the Americas while from India, more than half of the freight traffic is carried to the countries in the Africa & Middle East.

7

AIRCRAFT

TABLE 7: AIRCRAFT STATISTICS AT A GLANCE

SCHEDULED AIRCRAFT MOVEMENTS 2017-18 2016-17 (IN LAKHS)

DOMESTIC 9.22 (13.84) 8.10 (15.71)

INTERNATIONAL 3.79 (9.90) 3.45 (7.81)

Figures in parenthesis refer to percentage change over previous year.

As in the case of passenger and freight traffic, aircraft movements (both domestic and international) also have registered a positive growth in the year 2017-18 over 2016-17.

Chart 13: AVERAGE SEAT CAPACITY* OF SCHEDULED OPERATING INDIAN FLEET (2017-18)

250 233 ---- 186 181 180 200 186 163 159 160 179 180 178 146 158 156 150

100 72 71 49 42 Average Seat Capacity (In No.) (In Capacity Seat Average 50

---- 18 9 0

DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL

*Average Seat Capacity= Total ASK / Total Aircraft Km. Flown.

8

TABLE 8: FLEET STATISTICS OF SCHEDULED INDIAN OPERATORS AS ON 31st JULY, 2018. Sl. No. NAME OF THE OPERATOR TYPE OF AIRCRAFT NUMBER OF AIRCRAFTS SEAT CAPACITY A320- 216 13 180 1 AIR ASIA A320- 214 5 180 B747- 400 4 423 B777- 200 LR 3 238 B777- 300 ER 15 342 B787- 800 27 256 2 AIR INDIA A320- 231 15 168 A320- 214 9 140 A319- 112 22 122 A321-211 20 172 A320-251N 21 162 3 AIR INDIA EXPRESS B737-800 23 186 ATR 42-320 2 48 4 ALLIANCE AIR ATR72-600 15 70 5 AIR ODISHA Beechcraft 1900D 1 18 6 BLUE DART B757- 200 6 Cargo 7 AIR DECCAN Beechcraft 1900D 3 18 A320- 214 19 176 8 GO AIR A320- 271N 18 176 A320-232 112 180 A320-214 11 180 9 INDIGO A320- 271N 39 180 ATR72- 600 10 74 B737- 700 2 134 B737-800 67 168 B737- 900 6 184 B737-8 MAX 2 168 10 JET AIRWAYS B777- 300 ER 10 346 A330- 200 4 254 A330- 300 4 293 ATR72- 500 15 72 ATR72- 600 3 72 B737- 700 2 134 11 JETLITE B737- 800 5 170 B737- 700 3 149 B737- 800 28 189 12 SPICE JET B737- 900 4 212 Bombardier Q400 23 78 A320- 232 13 148 13 VISTARA A320- 251N 8 162 ATR 72-500 3 72 14 TRUJET ATR 72-600 2 70 15 ZOOM AIR CRJ-200 3 50 TOTAL 620 Source: Air Transport-I, DGCA

9

STAGE LENGTH

TABLE 9: AVERAGE STAGE LENGTH* FLOWN (IN KILOMETRES) BY SCHEDULED INDIAN FLEET, 2017-18. NAME OF THE AIRLINE DOMESTIC OPERATION INTERNATIONAL OPERATION AIR INDIA 1051.0 6471.9 JET AIRWAYS 796.1 2971.9 AIR INDIA EXPRESS 564.4 2618.5 INDIGO 927.6 2390.9 SPICEJET 765.0 1684.4 VISTARA 1133.3 GO AIR 944.5 AIR ASIA 936.2 ALLIANCE AIR 843.3 JETLITE 770.0 NO INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS ZOOM AIR 726.8 DECCAN AIR 644.1 AIR CARNIVAL 418.7 TRUEJET 397.2 AIR ODISHA 292.5 *Average Stage Length is calculated by dividing the total aircraft km flown by the total number of aircraft departure.

TABLE 10: SUMMARY OF AIR OBJECTS REGISTERED WITH DGCA AS ON 12th July, 2018.

LIGHT OPERATOR TYPE -

TOTAL

GLIDER

BALLOON

AIRCRAFT

HELICOPTER

ULTRA

HANG GLIDER HANG

EXPERIMENTAL

MOTOR GLIDER MOTOR

SCHEDULED 594 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 594

NON-SCHEDULED 214 229 11 0 1 0 0 0 455

`GOVERNMENT 83 42 0 5 23 0 0 0 153

PRIVATE 134 48 14 17 12 1 9 0 235

TRAINING 332 0 0 0 19 1 8 0 360

MISCELLANEOUS 1 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 27

GRAND TOTAL 1358 319 25 22 55 2 43 0 1824

Source: Directorate of Air Worthiness, DGCA.

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NON-SCHEDULED OPERATORS (NSOP)

CHART 14: NON-SCHEDULED OPERATORS

450 409 412 406 393 370 366 400 361 353 356 327 350

300 272

------229 250 183 200 156 147 Number 127 134 125 126 123 150 122 120 116 111 99 ------100 56 66 44 50

0

As on 31st Number of aircrafts (including helicopters) Number of Operators

Source: Directorate of Air Transport- I.

CHART 15: TOP 15* NSOP-DOMESTIC (AIRCRAFT) OPERATIONS (% SHARE)- 2017-18

Karnavati Aviation 1.6 Zest Aviation 1.7 VSR Ventura 1.8 Air Odisha Aviation 1.8 Air One Aviation 1.9 Ligare Aviation 2.2 Indian Flysafe Aviation 2.3 Turbo Aviation 2.7 VRL Logistics 2.8 Saraya Aviation 3.1 A R Airways 4.3 Air Charter Service 5.8 Reliance Commercial 6.5 Trans Bharat Aviation 8.3 Ventura Airconnect 13.4 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0

* In terms of number of flights operated.

Out of the total 76 NSOP domestic (aircraft) operators, top 15 operators accounted for more than 60 % of the total number of domestic flights operated in the year 2017-18.

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CHART 16: TOP 15* NSOP-INTERNATIONAL (AIRCRAFT) OPERATIONS (% SHARE)- 2017-18

Futura Travels (Essar) 2.0 Airmid Aviation 2.0 Spectrum Aero 2.2 Raymond Limited 2.2 Jupiter Capital 2.3 Karnavati Aviation 3.4 Indian Flysafe Aviation 4.1 A R Airways 5.3 Orbit 5.4 Zest Aviation 5.5 Reliance Transport 5.8 Poonawalla Aviation 6.0 Air One Aviation 6.9 Air Charter Service 10.1 Reliance Commercial 19.5 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

* In terms of number of flights operated.

Out of the total 35 non-scheduled international (aircraft) operators, top 15 operators accounted for more than 80% of the total number of international flights operated in the year 2017-18.

CHART 17: TOP 3* NON-SCHEDULED HELICOPTER OPERATORS (% SHARE)- 2017-18

Himalayan Heli Services 17.0

Pawan Hans Limited 18.9

Global Vectra Helicorp 38.0

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

* In terms of number of flights operated.

Out of the total 52 non-scheduled Helicopter operators, top 3 operators accounted for more than 70% of the total number of flights operated in the year 2017-18.

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OPERATING ECONOMICS

CHART 18: COMPARISON OF PASSENGER LOAD FACTOR (PLF) AND BREAK-EVEN LOAD FACTOR (BELF), 2016-17 -30.8 140.0 12.9 -12.6 -24.2 127.9 20.0 9.9 7.7 5.1 3.7 10.0 120.0 1.0 0.2 -0.9 108.8 -49.9 98.285.6 0.0 100.0 91.6 81.4 93.0 78.0

---- 76.4 88.0 84.8 86.5 70.1 81.2 80.1 78.0 77.1 79.2 78.0 -10.0 BELF) 75.9 75.4 68.8 - 80.0 66.4 63.0 -20.0 60.0 -30.0 40.0

BELF & PLF (%) PLF & BELF -40.0 ----

20.0 -50.0 DIFFERNECE (PLF

0.0 -60.0

BELF PLF DIFFERNECE (PLF-BELF)

PLF=RPK/ASK BELF=Operating Cost Per ASK/ Operating Revenue per RPK

A higher PLF implies that an airline is successful in selling available seats. However, higher PLF may not result in higher operating profit. When PLF is less than break-even load factor, the airline in question is running losses. Evidently, in the year 2016-17, only Air India Express, Go Air, Indigo, SpiceJet, Zoom Air, Air India and Jet Airways were operating at a PLF higher than break-even load factor (BELF). According to this measure of performance, Air India Express was the best performer and TruJet was the worst performer during the year 2016-17.

CHART 19: APPROXIMATE COST STRUCTURE OF AVIATION INDUSTRY IN INDIA, 2016-17 Fuel 4.6 3.8 3.4 5.5 Rentals of Flight Equipment 6.2 General and Administrative 9.7 31.2 Flights Equipment Maintenance & Overhaul User charges

9.8 Ticketing sales and Promotion

Other Expenses

11.7 14.2 Depreciation and amortization

Flight Crew salary & Expenses The chart depicting the general trend of cost structure of aviation industry has been Pax Services

While decomposing the airline industry cost structure, it can be seen that Fuel cost accounts for (31.2%) of the Operating Cost of Indian aviation industry (scheduled operations) followed by Rental of Flight Equipment (14.2%), General and Administrative costs (11.7%), Flight equipment Maintenance & Overhaul (9.8 %) and User Charges (including landing and associated airport charges and Air Navigation charges) (9.7%). 13

Chart-20: OPERATING COST PER ASK, 2016-17

12.0 10.8

---- Operating cost per ASK adjusted for industry average stage length of 1152.8 10.0 8.6 8.5 8.0

5.7 6.0 5.3 4.84.6 4.5 4.24.5 3.8 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.12.9 2.4 2.0

Operating Cost Per ASK (In Rupees) (In ASK Per Cost Operating 0.0 ----

UNADJUSTED OPERATING COST PER ASK ADJUSTED OPERATING COST PER ASK

The cost comparison was undertaken before and after adjusting Operating Cost to Average Stage Length. Because of high fixed cost of airlines unit cost decrease as distance increases. Hence, a stage length adjustment is necessary for fairer comparison. In the year 2016-17, in terms of cost efficiency of airlines, IndiGo and SpiceJet had the least operating cost (adjusted for stage length) per ASK, of Rs 2.9 and 3.1 respectively followed by Go Air (Rs 3.1) and Air Asia (Rs 3.2).

CHART-21: COMPARISON OF PASSENGER YIELD OF SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS, 2016-17

10.0 9.5 ----- 9.0

8.0

7.0 6.5

6.0 Rupees Per RPK Per Rupees 4.8

5.0 4.4 ----- 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6 4.0 3.1 3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0

Passenger Yield=Passenger Revenue/RPK Passenger Yield

Passenger yield is a measure of average fare paid per passenger km flown, calculated by dividing Passenger Revenue by Revenue Passenger Kilometers. In the year 2016-17, Air Asia had the lowest passenger yield followed by Zoom Air Air and Air India Express. 14

TABLE 11: FINANCIAL SUMMARY OF ALL SCHEDULED INDIAN CARRIERS- 2016-17

(RS. IN MILLION)

OPERATING REVENUE OPERATING EXPENSES OPERATING RESULT

SCHEDULED NATIONAL CARRIERS

AIR INDIA 218596.10 215615.90 2980.20

AIR INDIA EXPRESS 33299.34 27649.87 5649.47

ALLIANCE AIR 3756.90 5080.00 -1323.10

SUB TOTAL (A) 255652.3 248345.8 7306.57

SCHEDULED DOMESTIC PRIVATE CARRIERS

JET AIRWAYS 212576.65 212070.03 506.62

JET LITE (P) LTD. 12237.22 12369.08 -131.86

GO AIR 36205.00 32116.90 4088.10

SPICE JET 61912.66 58465.90 3446.76

INDIGO 185805.00 168897.04 16907.96

AIR ASIA 9519.39 10922.65 -1403.25

VISTARA 13899.22 19392.07 -5492.85

TRUJET 1261.44 2069.14 -807.70

BLUE DART 6188.40 5964.30 224.10

QUIKJET CARGO 330.38 474.51 -144.13

ZOOM AIR 26.14 24.75 1.39

SUB TOTAL (B) 539961.5 522766.4 17195.12

GRAND TOTAL (A+B) 795613.8 771112.1 24501.69

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HUMAN RESOURCE

TABLE 12: PERSONNEL STATISTICS OF SCHEDULED INDIAN OPERATORS FOR THE YEAR 2016-17. NAME OF THE Pilots & Other Cabin Maintenance Ticketing & All Other Total AIRLINE Co-Pilots Flight Crew & Overhaul Sales Personnel (All Crew Personal Personnel Personnel) JET AIRWAYS 1924 390 3702 2094 1104 6079 15293 INDIGO 2094 132 3880 916 217 7365 14604 AIR INDIA 1378 0 1984 754 4038 3758 11912

SPICEJET 598 0 1214 725 384 3981 6902

GO AIR 337 79 549 374 477 954 2770

VISTARA 168 0 435 79 55 749 1486 AIR ASIA 141 0 315 172 217 396 1241 Blue Dart 64 0 0 138 0 899 1101 AIR INDIA 181 0 516 157 26 193 EXPRESS 1073 JETLITE 141 1 298 304 0 10 754 ALLIANCE AIR 116 0 142 0 0 275 533

TRUJET 23 14 35 109 88 176 445

ZOOM AIR 10 0 14 16 25 35 100

QUIKJET CARGO 8 0 0 26 0 60 94 Grand Total 7183 616 13084 5864 6631 24930 58308 (All Airlines)

Out of the total scheduled airline personnel of 58308, 26.2% is employed by Jet Airways followed by IndiGo (25.0%), Air India Ltd (20.4%) and SpiceJet (11.8%).

CHART-22: PILOT LICENCES ISSUED BY DGCA

600 557

----- 492 500 461 460 431 419 395 384 400

300 182 177 200 156 162

66 65 100 47 41 26 15

Number of Licenses issued Licenses of Number 0

MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL ----- 2015-16 2016-17 CPL ATPL PPL

Source: Directorate of Training & Licensing, DGCA. CPL- Commercial Pilot License; ATPL-Air Transport Pilot License; PPL- Private Pilot License. 16

ASK PER EMPLOYEE

Available Seat Kilometer (ASK) per Employee is an indicator of efficiency both in terms of capacity planning and utilization of work force and is calculated by dividing Available Seat Kilometers by Number of Employees. In terms of the ASK per employee, JetLite is the most efficient after the National airlines.

CHART-23: ASK PER EMPLOYEE, (2016-17)

6.0

----- ASK Per Employee 4.9 5.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.3 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.4

2.0

1.0 0.5 ASK Per Employee (In Million) (In Employee Per ASK 0.1 ----- 0.0

* National Airlines Includes Air India, Air India Express & Alliance Air.

REVENUE PER EMPLOYEE

Revenue per employee is an indicator of productivity of human resource of an airline and is calculated by dividing Operating Revenue by Number of Employees. Employee productivity was highest for National Airlines followed by Jet Airways and JetLite.

CHART 24: REVENUE PER EMPLOYEE- 2016-17

---- 20.0 18.9 18.0 Revenue Per Employee 16.2 16.0 13.9 14.0 13.1 12.7 12.0 10.0 9.4 9.0 7.7 8.0 5.6 6.0 3.5 4.0 2.8 2.0 0.3

Revenue Per Employee (Rs. In Million) In (Rs. Employee Per Revenue 0.0 -----

* National Airlines Includes Air India, Air India Express & Alliance

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TABLE 13: DGCA APPROVED AME TRAINING INSTITUTES (AS ON 12th July, 2018) REGION STATE NUMBER OF AME INSTITUTES

Delhi 3

Haryana 3

Uttar Pradesh 5

Rajasthan 2 NORTH-16

Himachal Pradesh 1

Uttarakhand 1

Punjab 1

West Bengal 1

Assam 1

EAST-4 Bihar 1

Odisha 1

Maharashtra 11

Gujarat 2 WEST-15

Madhya Pradesh 3

Tamil Nadu 5

Kerala 5

SOUTH-16 3

Telangana 3

TOTAL 52

Source: Directorate of Air Worthiness, DGCA.

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TABLE 14: DGCA APPROVED FLYING TRAINING ORGANISATIONS (AS ON 31st May, 2018).

STATE OWNERSHIP NUMBER OF FLYING ORGANIZATION

Private/Public Ltd. 3 State Govt. 1

GUJARAT Private/Public Ltd. 2

HARYANA State Govt. 1

State Govt. 1 KARNATAKA Private 1

MADHYA PRADESH Private/ Trust/ Public Ltd. 4

Society 1

MAHARASHTRA Private 3

State Govt. 1

JHARKHAND PRIVATE 1

BIHAR State Govt. 1

ODISHA State Govt. 1

PUNJAB State Govt. 1

RAJASTHAN Private 1

Private/Trust 5 Central Govt. 1

UTTRAKHAND Private 1

KERALA State Govt. 1

TOTAL 31

Source: Directorate of Flying Training, DGCA.

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AIR SAFETY

TABLE 15: YEAR-WISE NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS.

TYPE OF OPERATOR

YEAR SCHEDULED NON- FLYING GOVT. PRIVATE FOREIGN TOTAL OPERATORS SCHEDULED TRAINING OPERATORS OPERATORS OPERATORS ACCIDENTS OPERATORS INSTITUTE

2011 0 6 2 2 0 1 11

2012 0 3 2 2 2 0 9

2013 0 5 2 1 0 0 8

2014 1 2 2 1 0 0 6

2015 4 5 1 0 0 0 10

2016 3 3 0 1 0 0 7

2017 1 3 2 1 0 1 8

2018* 0 1 1 0 0 0 2

*Till March 2018. Source: Directorate of Air Safety, DGCA.

TABLE 16: YEAR-WISE NUMBER OF SERIOUS INCIDENTS.

TYPE OF INCIDENT

Year SCHEDULED NON- FLYING GOVT. PRIVATE FOREIGN TOTAL OPERATORS SCHEDULED TRAINING OPERATORS OPERATORS OPERATORS ACCIDENTS OPERATORS INSTITUTE

2015 4 0 0 0 0 1 5

2016 10 1 0 0 0 0 11

2017 11 0 0 0 0 1 12

2018* 3 0 0 0 0 0 3

*Till March, 2018. Source: Directorate of Air Safety, DGCA.

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OTHER AVIATION RELATED STATISTICS

CHART-25: FOREIGN TOURIST ARRIVAL & INTERNATIONAL INBOUND PAX TRAFFIC

35.0

---- 29.3 30.0 26.6 23.8 25.0 22.4 21.2 18.9 19.8 20.0 17.4 15.7 14.1 15.0 13.1 11.3 10.0 9.7 8.8 10.0 7.7 8.0 6.3 6.6 7.0 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.8 3.9 4.5

No. of Passengers (In Million) (In Passengers of No. 5.0 ---- 0.0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

FOREIGN TOURISTS ARRIVAL INBOUND INTERNATIONAL PAX

Source: Ministry of Tourism.

An important aspect of international traffic to and from India pertains to trend in foreign tourist arrivals in India. In 2017, Foreign Tourist Arrivals accounted for 34.3% of inbound international traffic in India.

CHART 26: ATF CONSUMPTION OVER THE DECADE

9000 ----

8000 7623 6998 7000 6262 6000 5536 5505 5723 5078 5271 5000 4423 4627

4000

3000

2000

1000

ATF ATF Consumption(Thousandmetric tonne) 0 ---- 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18

ATF CONSUMPTION

Source: Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.

The Air Turbine Fuel (ATF) consumption growth in India has been moving in tandem with the growth of air traffic. In the year 2016-17, ATF consumption went up by 8.9% which is consistent with increase in aircraft and air traffic movement.

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Chart 27: YoY GROWTH OF ATF CONSUMPTION, 2017-18

800.0 14.0

----

707.5

----

685.2 661.3

700.0 650.1

640.7 12.0

632.2 632.2

627.1

626.0

617.0

614.5

612.6

610.0

600.5

596.1

591.0

578.9

573.6

571.0

569.8

558.3

556.8 555.3 600.0 553.0 10.0 500.0 8.0 400.0 6.0 300.0 4.0 200.0

100.0 2.0 ATF ATF Consumptionmetric (000 tonne)

0.0 0.0 YoY Growth ATF in Consumption(%)

------

2016-17 2017-18 YoY Growth in ATF Consumption

Source: Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas.

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TABLE 17: AIRPORTS IN INDIA (AS ON 31st March, 2018). 2017-18 TYPE OF AIRPORT OPERATIONAL NON-OPERATIONAL TOTAL

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS OF AAI 20 20

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS OF AAI (CIVIL ENCLAVES) 3 3

INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURE / PRIVATE 3 1 4 AIRPORTS WHERE CNS/ATM IS PROVIDED BY AAI.

(A)-TOTAL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS 26 1 27

CUSTOMS AIRPORTS OF AAI 4 4

CUSTOMS AIRPORTS OF AAI (CIVIL ENCLAVES) 4 4

(B)-TOTAL CUSTOMS AIRPORTS 8 0 8

DOMESTIC AIRPORTS OF AAI (OPERATIONAL) 50 50

DOMESTIC AIRPORTS OF AAI (NON-OPERATIONAL) 27 27

DOMESTIC AIRPORTS OF AAI (CIVIL ENCLAVES) 19 19

DOMESTIC PRIVATE / STATE GOVT./ U.T. AIRPORTS 5 5 WHERE CNS/ATM IS PROVIDED BY AAI.

(C)-TOTAL DOMESTIC AIRPORTS 74 27 101

PRIVATE 2 2

TOTAL AIRPORTS(A+B+C) 110 28 138

ADDITIONAL AIRPORTS BEING 2 DEVELOPED/PROPOSED TO BE DEVELOPED.

Source: Airport Authority of India.

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INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURE/ PRIVATE AIRPORTS WHERE CNS/ATM IS PROVIDED BY AAI

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1. International Airport Limited (BIAL), KARNATAKA OPERATIONAL

2. Cochin International Airport Limited (CIAL), KERALA OPERATIONAL

3. Hyderabad International Airport Limited (GHIAL), TELANGANA OPERATIONAL

4. Kannur International Airport Limited (KIAL), KERALA NON-OPERATIONAL

DOMESTIC PRIVATE/STATE GOVT./ U.T AIRPORTS WHERE CNS/ATM IS APPROVED BY AAI

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1. Airport (State Govt., ) OPERATIONAL

2. Airport (Private, Gujarat) OPERATIONAL

3. Airport (MADC, Maharashtra) OPERATIONAL

4. Nasik (HAL OZAR, Maharashtra OPERATIONAL

5. Vijayanagar (JSW, Karnataka) OPERATIONAL

PRIVATE GREENFIELD AIRPORT

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1. () OPERATIONAL

2. Shirdi (Maharashtra) OPERATIONAL

ADDITIONAL AIRPORTS BEING DEVELOPED/PROPOSED TO BE DEVELOPED.

Sl. No. NAME OF AIRPORT

1 Thanjavur, ( )

2 Bareilly (CE), (Uttar Pradesh) Source: Airport Authority of India.

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OFFICERS OF DIRECTORATE OF AIR TRANSPORT-II, DGCA ASSOCIATED WITH THE PUBLICATION

JJOOIIINNTT DDIIIRREECCTTOORR GGEENNEERRAALL

Shrii Lalliit Gupta

DDEEPPUUTTYY DDIIIRREECCTTOORR

Dr. P K Sriivastava

Shrii Narendra Siingh AASSSSIIISSTTAANNTT DDIIIRREECCTTOORR

Shrii Mukund Biiharii

SSEENNIIIOORR SSTTAATTIIISSTTIIICCAALL OOFFFFIIICCEERR

Shrii Manii Bhushan

SSTTAATTIIISSTTIIICCAALL OOFFFFIIICCEERR

Shrii Ravii Kant Sonii

Shrii Sandeep Verma

Notes:

1. Sources of data: Directorate of Air Transport- II, unless otherwise specified. 2. Data published in the handbook is provisional.

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