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Barquisimeto Pedernales ARAGUA S.Juan de Los Morros Maturín MAGDALENA CESAR LARA ZULIA S.Carlos Aragua de Barcelona TRUJILLO Trujillo PN Delta del Orinoco Sincelejo MONAGAS COJEDES Guanare ANZOÁTEGUI Tucupita PORTUGUESA GUÁRICO Warao Montería SUCRE Cojedes Mérida Barinas PANAMÁ BOLÍVAR Guárico Sierra Imataca Curiapo AMAZONIA 2009 MÉRIDA Ciudad Guayana Arawak NORTE DE O BARINAS ORINOC CÓRDOBA SANTANDER Kar i'ña DELTA AMACURO Apure El Palmar Mabaruma Caroní Upata Cúcuta TÁCHIRA Ciudad Bolívar S.Cristóbal S.Fernando de Apure Kar i'ña BARIMA-WAINI PROTECTED AREAS Apure Caicara del Orinoco Guasipati Ciudad Piar Maripa Kar i'ña Anna Regina VENEZUELA Hi wi El Callao Tumeremo Bucaramanga POMEROON- Embalse de Guri SUPENAAM OCEANO ATLÂNTICO APURE Hi wi Arauca BOLÍVAR E'ñapa C Georgetown uy uni INDIGENOUS TERRITORIES ANTIOQUIA SANTANDER ARAUCA Akawayo CUYUNI-MAZARUNI Hi wi Caroní M Bartica Mapoy o Paragua a Medellín za MUMA Noord Saramacca ru ni New Amsterdam MUMA Noord Coronie MUMA North Commewijne - Marowijne Puerto Carreño MN Sierra Maigualida MUMA Bigi Pan Hi wi RN Coppename 6°N Curri pac o MNCerro Guanay Nieuw Nickerie Monding Nieuw Amsterdam RN Galibi CHOCÓ o MN Cerro Guaiquinima c MN Serranía o RN Wia-Wia b Quibdó o Piapoc o Yutajé/Coro-coro i u PNR de la Guyane - Pôle Ouest n i Groningen Paramaribo BOYACÁ r q Puerto Ayacucho RN Peruvia e O MN Cerro RNHertenrits RN Wane Kreek Galibi RN Amana MN Piedra Pintada s SARAMACCA Onverwacht

s ARIE Mana Tunja Yavi MN Cerro CORONIE E RN Boven- SN Marais de Yiyi MN Piedra La Tortuga PN Canaima Venamo Yabarana NICKERIE Coesewijne RN Copi Albina CASANARE MN Cerro Camani UPPER Saint-Laurent RISARALDA Meta VICHADA y Morrocoy Sáliva Galibi CALDAS Yopal Piaroa San Juan de Manapiare DEMERARA-BERBICE Arawack de Balate Ye'kuana y Yanomami MN Cadena de PN Kaieuter PARA í Kourou Manizales Tepuyes Orientales RN Brinck-heuvel n Isla de Ratón PN do o CUNDINAMARCA r Ríos Tomo y Weberi Pemón Monte Roraima a Galibi Cayenne Mako o M MN Crique Punta Santa Teresita del Tuparro g PNN Brownsberg

n Voltaire RN Île du Grand Connétable

i COLOMBIA Bandera t

Merey, La Veraita o Pereira MN Macizo Cuao-Sipapo Embalse RBiF Lucifer Pali kur Bogotá Vichada MN Cerro Ichúm y Cerro Guanacoco Santa Elena de Uairén C San Luis del Tomo y Cerro Moriche Dékou-Dékou RN Kaw-Roura Armenia POTARO-SIPARUNI Dam RN Trinité Valdiv ia SAINT-LAURENT Muco Mayoragua Guacamayas MN Macizo PN Jaua-Sarisariñama Arawack Mako Parú-Euaja Palikur de Favard QUINDÍO Mamiy are Iwokrama DU-MARONI Ibagué Ríos Muco y Guarrojo Ventuari Yanam Raposa/Serra do Sol BROKOPONDO MN Abattis Kotika BOGOTÁ, D.C. Puinave PN Amazonie Kawaneruba Selva de Matavén C o de Guyane Villavicencio Curri pac o Santa Inês u Sanema e Iwiwi r Jum iná Saracure y Piapoc o Curri pac o Ye'k uana a m RN Nouragues MN Sierra n a PN Amazonien San Fernando de Atabapo t n Rí o Cada Mako Marutaní Ananás Normandia y i de Guyane Baniva Sanema São RN Central Suriname r y Flores n u CAYENNE Puinave R e S n Inírida Marc os epunu o k PN do Cabo Orange Sombrero Laguna Niñal, Cocuy, PN Yacapana Ye'k uana y Cajueiro ni h o Oiapoque VALLE DEL CAUCA Curri pac o a p Yanomami SIPALIWINI n FRENCH a El Unuma Cali-Barranquilla Loma Baja y Alta Conceição do Maú a y Almidón- Curri pac o Araçá p a O Uaçá I e II TOLIMA O T e Villa Lucia META Chocón La Ceiba rin PN Duida Marahuaka GUYANA u o AMAZONAS Ouro GUIANA q El Ti gr e Chigüiro c Ondas del Cafre Piapoc o o EE de Pium Bonfim o Cali Maracá Anta p Ríos Atabapo Piaroa SURINAME Boni, a Minitas-Miralindo ra i Yeral e Jaboti Lethem O Los Planes Concordia e Inírida La Esmeralda ico ém éri llons Comm unauté Laguna Araguato y ra r Mangueira 1 Piapoc o U Truaru 0 et wayana -4 amérindienn Barranco Ceiba Baniva R Manoá Macuare Rí o Siare Sucuba B de Camopi Neiva Cuenca Media y Alta del Inírida Curri pac o Yanomami Pium Em ér illons La Julia Curri pac o Alto Alegre Boa Vista í Corocoro Maroa Raim undão n PNN Cord. de UPPER TAKUTU-UPPER ESSEQUIBO a Guaviare GUAINÍA uca Moskow t ja o i los Picachos Baniva M í L www.raisg.socioambiental.org e b Tonina-Cejal- Warequena r PN Parima-Tapirapecó FN de Malacacheta i G a u FE (D) do Amapá PNN Sierra de La Macarena u i Popayán u Roraima q HUILA S.José del Guaviare San José a iq in Muriru e PN Amazonien de Guyane PNN Tinigua Barrancón s s í a MN Cerro Altami ra Inírida a s CAUCA Nuk ak -Makú Parte Alta del Río Guainía Bajo Río Guainía C Vinilla Mucajaí la E e Wayanpis u La Asunción y Río Negro Baniva Yanomam z e S.Vicente del Caguán Yanomami n Cuenca Media de Inírida RN Puinawai e EAST BERBICE-CORENTYNE V EE Maracá Jipioca San Carlos r RN Sipaliwini GUAVIARE y Papunahua Jac amim o PN Montanhas do Tumucumaque ILHA DE MARACÁ de Río Negro p Zit-Set del Quecal RN Nukak Llanos de Yarí- n San Pablo- La Yuquera Ríos Cuiarí e Isana ó AMAPÁ Baré i Nassa Ki we Yaguará II Curri pac o Caracaraí c NARIÑO El Par á MN Sierra EE de a El Itilla m Florencia Unturán BR-210 Caracaraí a cl PNN Doña Yeral e Tumucumaque Juana-Cascabel Puerto r Indigenous Territories n Hondur as Barranquillita e Sibundoy y Parte Alta Nare RBi Lago Piratuba a PNN Alto Fragua- I MN Piedra San Luis Cartagena del Chairá ç Wai-Wai n Indiwasi Mitú a de Cocuy MN Serranía Tapirapecó o n EE de Z FN do Amapá Pasto Lagos del Dorado, Arara-Bacatí- Va y Cerro Tamacuari FE (D) Mocoa El Cedrito upé a Baré Niquiá RBi (D) PNN Serrania de s PE (D) Serra do Araçá PN do Viruá Maicuru do Amapá officially recognized, in the process of being recognized, official recognition Getuc há del Paso y Cararú- EE (D) do Grão-Pará Los Churumbelos Cucuí PN Serrania La Neblina Yanomami Esmeraldas Caguán El Rem anso Lagos de Waiãpi La Fl or ida demanded by indigenous communities, areas of traditional occupation and use Jam ai curú (1)") Sim orna Solita Yavilla II RBi (D) do Parazinho PNN P.M. PN Serra Serra do Navio Orito Ingi Ande PUTUMAYO C da Mocidade FN de CAQUETÁ Vaupés Oriental u Tulcán Puerto CaicedoVilla Catalina de Solano b Anauá country category ESMERALDAS VAUPÉS até CARCHI Orito Puerto Rosario PNN Serranía de Chiribiquete Iauaretê 4 7 Rio Paru D'Este Bolivia Community Lands of Origin (Tierras Comunitarias de Origen) Buenavis ta Alto Rio Negro 1 BP Puerto Asís Balaio - Ibarra R B Shuar P P FE (D) do Amapá Brazil Indigenous Lands (Terras Indígenas) u RORAIMA a IMBABURA tu Calarc á Witor á REc Cofá Tiq r m uié Uau u RDS (D) do Rio Iratapuru Bermejo a pés Nueva Loja y PNN La Paya d Colombia Indigenous Reservations (Resguardos Indígenas) Kichwa Cofan o Zo'é e Macapá PICHINCHA Kichwa Aguas Negras PN do Pico i Trombetas/Mapuera L Kichwa n e i Ecuador Ancestral Possessions (Posesiones Ancestrales) 0° da Neblina s Mazagão o t

REc Cayambe Coca Shuar São Gabriel da Cachoeira m SUCUMBÍOS e c Quito Shushufindi Yarí e FE (D) do Trombetas BP La Joya de n u

Puerto Leguízamo Médio Rio Negro II D r Jari Afuá Guyana [no information] Kichwa Andoque de A a los Sachas RPF Cuyabeno pap r u REx Marinha El Chaco o c Sto.Domingo de Siona Shuar Puerto Sábalo y Aduc he ris Santa Isabel do Rio Negro B de Soure RBi Limoncocha Sekoya e REx Marinha de Tracuateua French Guiana Areas of Collective Use Rights for the Benefit of Local Communities Los Colorados Orellana Siona Soplin Vargas Los Monos Monoc hoa p PN Sumaco re Baeza Kichwa Ri o Tea E EE do Jari REx Mãe Grande REx Marinha de Caeté-Taperaçu MANABÍ PN Napo Galeras ZR Gueppi do Curuçá (Zones de droits d'usage collectifs au profit des communautés locales) Cotopaxi Nunuya de FE (D) do Paru Sta. Cruz do Arari Lago Arari REc Antisana Loreto Yaigoje Apaporis uriari Tea REx do Rio Cajari Shuar Kichwa Caquetá Villazul Curic REx Maracanã REx Marinha de Araí-Peroba PE (D) Marinho do Peru Native Communities (Comunidades Nativas) Kichwa N RDS Itatupã- Parcel Manuel Luis ECUADOR NAPO Kichwa Kichwa Médio Rio Negro I E Vigia Archidona ORELLANA G Nhamundá-M apuera Baquiá Manta COTOPAXI RO REx Marinha Kichwa Cabo Pantoja Mirití Paraná de Gurupi-Piriá Suriname [no information] Nuevo Rocafuerte rié Anajás REx de São Portoviejo Latacunga Kichwa Shuar a Waimiri-Atroari ILHA DE MARAJÓ Tena M Barcelos Cachoeira Porteira João da Ponta REx Chacoaré - Mato Grosso Venezuela Areas of Indigenous Occupation (Zonas de Ocupación Indígena) PN LLanganates Napo RBi do Uatumã FN de Mulata REx Mapuá Waorani Puerto Córdoba RBi do Rio Trombetas REx Tagaeri-Taromenane Rio Apapóris Ambato Kichwa Predio Putumayo Caquetá Cuiuni FN de Mulata Gurupa- FE (D) de Gurupá Melgaco Ponta de Pedras RPF Chimborazo Mera (Zona Intangible) Uneiuxi Belém LOS RÍOS Puyo Curaray PNN Cahuinarí Vila Bittencourt Faro REx Terra Guaranda PN Yasuní Almeirim Grande Pracuuba Muana PE (D) de Belém !( Kichwa Cononaco Curare Los Ingleses Barcarena uam REx de Cururupu indigenous communities whose territories are not recognized Paraná Boá-Boá Maraã/Urubaxi Represa de G á PASTAZA Napo Tigre AMAZONAS REx do Rio Unini Porto de Moz Babahoyo BOLÍVAR Palora Bobonaza Balbina FN Saracá-Taquera Breves Riobamba Zápar a (Propuesta) Jap urá (Lago Jutaí) Paraná do Oriximiná Curralinho Shuar Lago Paricá PE (D) Monte Prainha Abaetetuba Alegre Moju country category Japurá REx Óbidos Acará GUAYAS Presidente Figueiredo Alenquer X Portel Oeiras do Pará PNN Río Puré EE Juami-Japurá Auati-Paraná i C AMAZONAS n Peru communities registered or awaiting registration CHIMBORAZO ur g REx Quilombo Frexal a PE (D) do R. Negro s Guayaquil Shiwiar ra U Santa Elena y Mapar i u n Shuar Setor Norte a FN de Caxiuana i Turé- Alto Andoa PN de tumã Cametá t RDS (D) Amanã PE (D) Nhamundá n Mariquita P Anavilhanas FE (D) do Rio Urubu a Ri o Guamá Macas utu RDS Mamirauã RDS (D) do Uatumã c ZR Pucacuro ma yo Uati-Paraná Cuiú-Cui ú REx Verde para Sempre o Tomé-Açu Alcântara PN Sangay Sucúa PN do Jaú Santarém REx Arióca T Santa Clotilde BR-010 PE (D) do R. Negro Pruanã S.Luís indigenous peoples who are “isolated,

Shuar Achuar El Estrecho São Senador José Porfírio CAÑAR BP Kutuku Shaimi Setor Sul u

Algod ón Sebastião Acapuri de Cima Parintins Tembé ç un-contacted or in the process of establishing contact” Azogues Espír ito Novo Airão a MORONA SANTIAGO S i u r Lago do Santo A p Anambé u PN Cajas Mazán Yahuas Matintin Estrela da Paz Porto Praia O N a T Rios RDS (D) do R. Negro MAZ n Baião Alto Turiaçu Correio A Shuar LORETO Kum aru do A Tailândia Paragominas territorial reservations Cuenca a Cotuhé y Betânia Macarrão o r Içá Tapajós t o Lago Ualá Mir atu Jaquiri Jatuar ana Manaus Ri o Urubu l m Putumayo Maraitá Itacoatiara A a EE Jutaí/Solimões REx Tapajós-Arapiuns REx Ipaú- Saraua Lagoa do Viana Machala AZUAY z Tigre São Francisco Tupã-Supé Marajaí Anilzinho PB El Condor Boa Vista Paraná do Arauató Altamira PN Ichigkat Muja Pebas do Canamari Igar apé Manacaparu Gualaquiza C Cordillera del Condor A Méria Barreirinha o Gr ande Jauary Paquiç am ba r M Gavião Saraguro S r Intuto Tefé Cuia Awá country category i A PNN Amacayacu RBi El Quimi a M Alianza Cristiana e TR Tumbes o n Barreira Arara da Volta PA-150 EL ORO n r Mazán Z São Paulo de Olivença A t o t Nanay O N i e REx do Ilha do Camaleão Autazes S Troc ará a n s Puerto Nariño REx Rio Jutaí da M issão Capivara Grande do Xingu A Rio Pindaré Peru Territorial Reservations for isolated indigenous peoples g a Baixo Juruá N Vui-Uata-In Andirá-Marau MA o Iquitos A Cajuhiri- Tucuruí RfVS El Zarza S Mocagua i Padre Praia FN do Tapajós Arara ZÔN Santa Inês Saraguro Sol mõ es Trincheira Miguel/Josefa ICA Caru ZR Santiago Leticia Évare I Évare II Atravessado do M angue RDS (D) Breu Branco (Reservas Territoriales para pueblos indígenas en aislamiento) BP Comaina a Lago Goianésia TUMBES b Alcobaça i Loja Puerto Galilea U Arara Pacajá Amanayés p RBi do Gurupi r Tamshiyacu u Beruri FE (D) de Maués u i t REx (D) Catuá-Ipixuna Muratuba r Ecuador Zone set aside for voluntarily isolated indigenous people ti a Koati nem o u y Caballo Cocha i RDS (D) Canumã G RC RN Allpahuayo San Pablo de Loreto d a n Kar ar aô 2 Zamora Tuntanain a c Mishana 22 LOJA u a - (Zona Intangible a favor de pueblos indígenas en aislamiento voluntario) z J Coari Itaituba Pindaré R a Islandia i Represa de t FN de Tefé ir RDS (D) do B s Lago do r Tabatinga I Pucuruí-Ararão Tucuruí PN Podocarpus a Tikuna Feijoal Lago de Pedra á Barrigudo Borba Cachoeira Seca do Iriri P u Lago Aiapoá Huampami Atalaia do Norte Benjamim Constant r Cunhã-Sapucaia Concordia Yavarí - Mirim u RDS (D) Piagaçu-Purus Praia BP Alto Saramiriza Parinari Nauta Lauro Sodré Sururuá J PN da Amazônia Nangari (Propuesta) ^_ ri do Índi o recent sighting or other indication (see note overleaf) BP Santa Maria de Nieva Marañón a Coatá-Laranjal Ya v São Leopoldo Itixi-Mitari

San Lorenzo i ito AMAZONAS Arary Parak anã Nova Jac undá r i é REx Trincheira/Bacajá a x Carauari f FN de Pau-Rosa REx av e 9 Rio Xingu PA-332 J u Ri o Biá T 1 FN do Trairão Rio a -3 RDS (D) do Rio Geralda/ Q í n R Iriri Colonia a u B Madeira s REx Riozinho t L Setemã xi Toc o Preto PIURA San Ignacio RN Pacaya Samiria Angamos u Novo Aripuanã a FN de Itaituba II do Anfrízio EE da Terra do Meio Araweté/Igarapé Ipixuna AMAZONAS Requena J ac Mãe Maria RBi do Abufari b Araribóia SN Tabaconas Cahuapanas A REx Lagoa Comprida im Piura Namballe Lagunas REx do Médio Juruá Ciriaco r Chirinos RDS (D) Cujubim Xipaia REx Extremo a ri FN de Amana REx Mata e oa Marabá Norte do Tocantins Urucu-Juruá M m C Apuri nã do RDS (D) do Rio Amapá aiúna Grande

u Purus FN de Itaituba I c s

t a Barra do Corda Ig. São João It Imperatriz Governador Bagua Vale do Javari u Cana ZR Cordillera uá PN Nascentes RBi do Tapirapé

M Apuri nã do Apy terewa de Colán pa do Lago Jari Pinatuba Morro Branco Brava Rodeador Huallaga RDS (D) de Uacari Ta Ig. Tauamirim Kuruaya Naranjos Paumari do Lago Manissuã REx do Lago Manicoré PN da Serra FN do Tapirapé Aquiri Grajaú c o s PN do Jamanxim BP Yurimaguas n do Capanã Grande jó do Pardo Bacurizinho Natural Protected Areas ra a FN de Itacaiunas Alto Mayo Moyobamba B Paumari do Lago Paricá RDS (D) do Juma p Sororó Api nayés Ta Carajás Krikati 6°S Lago Capanã I Parauapebas Kanela r i Paumari do Cuniuá r i PE (D) Serra dos Porquinhos Rioja Tapiche PN Cutervo MarañónChachapoyas Jacareacanga !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Ariramba Lago Jauari Rio Manicoré FN de Altamira FN de Carajás Martírios/Andorinhas !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! BR-226 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! LAMBAYEQUE í Porquinhos !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! í ua Torá !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! indirect use u q FE (D) dos Canela-Apãnjekra !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! BP Pagaibamba Lamas It a !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! t do !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! I á Canutama I u p Xikrin do Cateté !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! exploitation of natural resources prohibited Yavarí - Tapiche o ni ã FN do Crepori Iriri j u i Sepoti n Sai Cinza Tarapoto o C x (1)") r a (Propuesta) u J r Eirunepé u 0 São Félix do Xingu PE (D) do Mirador A n -23 a

p R CAJAMARCA ri Mawetek a B m Tucumã MARANHÃO Chiclayo a i PARÁ ia v r a ua n (2) a Deni Banawa A g Y á x a category Ucayali ru Zuruahã a Ipixuna r acronym country u ir i A J e m Kanamari do Rio Juruá ad SAN MARTÍN Ipixuna Hi -Merim ã M ARIE Area of Special Ecological Importance French Guiana Cajamarca Kulina do Médio Juruá Jar awara/ Pirahã pixun a FN de Balata-Tufari I Jam am adi / Sepoti Apuí C Xinguara BR-230 U Xambioá Araguaína EE Ecological Station Brazil Juanjui I PN da Chapada das Mesas ZR Sierra del Divisor Camadeni Kanamanti Lábrea A Contamana REx (D) do Pauin M PN do B Carolina i Á Rio Gregório a Baú MN (D) das MN (N, D) Natural Monument Bolivia, Brazil, Venezuela Jum a Tenhar im/ Juruena FN do Jamanxim - Rio Maria Nuk ini S

Cati pari / r A Nove m I Árvores Fossilizadas Água A Cacau do Tarauacá L Apuri nã do Humaitá Marmelos Í Balsas Capanahua Mamoriá N de Janeiro Munduruc u S Binational Park Ecuador Preta/Inari T PB Poyanawa (Gl eba B ) e A Igarapé Mucuim l A (Propuesta) Paumari do o REx do urus FN do Jatuarana R R Cruzeiro do Sul P s É B Pauini Médio Purus Lago Marahã - Departmental Park Bolivia Gregório RDS (D) M PD (D) PN Río Abiseo FE (D) do Mogno M Isc onahua Guajahã Bararati Kay apó É PN Cordillera Azul Campinas FE (D) do Rio Gregório Aci mã L E State Park Jaminawa do Inauini/Teuini Tumi ã Caititu EE do FN de Humaitá A Las Casas PE (D) Brazil FE (D) de Apuí B LA LIBERTAD Peneri São Pedro/Sepatini Lago Cuniã r PN do Rio Novo Igarapé Preto FE (D) ip Redenção Tac aquiri Alto Sepatini FE (D) do Rio Di ahui u PN National Park all except Colombia and Suriname REx Riozinho Katukina/Kaxinawá Serui ni/ Madeira(a) PN a (Terra dos Macacos) xi FE (D) do PE (D) do n Trujillo da Liberdade Feijó Marienê Itu dos Campos Rio Machado Amazonicos Guariba ã National Nature Park Colombia, Suriname PE (D) do Sucunduri PNN Huallaga Igar apé FN Mapiá-Inauini Conceição do ía Pucallpa PN da Ri o REx Ituxi REx do Tenhar im/ Uchiza yt Serra do Divisor Arara/ Kaxinawa do Cauc ho FN do Purus Lago Cuniã PN do Araguaia National History Park Bolivia ua FE (D) do Tenhar im RDS (D) do Juruena Kraolândia PNH (D) g Ig. Humaitá Gr egório Praia do Carapanã FN do Iquiri Jac areúba/ FN de Jacundá Marmelos Aripuanã A Rio Madeira PN do Ig. Preto REx (D) do Regional Park Masisea Jam inawa/ Kam pa do Katawi xi dos Campos Guariba Menkragnoti PR (D) Bolivia a Camic uã Amazonicos FE (D) do Aripuanã FE (D) do Sucunduri r Arara do Rio Bajé Igarapé Primavera i rus Boca do Acre Porto Velho v Pu FE (D) de Manicoré Kar aj á Wildlife Refuge Bolivia, Ecuador, Brazil PA-150 RfVS (N, D) San Alejandro n FE (D) Rio REx do Igarapé Capana PN do Mapinguari Samuel Kay abi Badjônk ôre Santana Cacatai bo Alto Tarauacá E REx Preto/Jacundá PE (D) Tucumã REx (D) Guariba- Marechal Taumaturgo Arapixi FE (D) Kawahiva do Rio Pardo BRAZIL RBi Nascentes da do Araguaia RBi (N, D) Biological Reserve Brazil, Ecuador PN Zona Nor te Aguaytia Kaxinawá ACRE EE de Samuel Roosevelt Serra do Cachimbo Maranduba Huascarán Kaxinawá Sena Madureira PE (D) (Propuesta) Nova Olinda Boca do Acre Alto Parnaíba Pachitea do Rio Humaitá EE Serra dos PE (D) do Candeias Igarapés do Juruena RCEA (D) Ecolgical and Archaeological Scientific Reserve Bolivia HUÁNUCO REx Alto Juruá Kul ina do Três Irmãos EE Rio R Madeirinha o ANCASH Tingo Maria Iparia Ig. do Pau FE (D) do Antimari FN do o Fauna Production Reserve Kam pa do FN Alto s Cachimbo RPF Ecuador

á Kul ina Apuri nã B R-317 FE (D) do FE (D) Jamari BR-153

Santa Rosa Kar iti ana EE Rio e Tele Santana do Araguaia

c v s PN Tingo María Ri o Amonea Ri o Purus Kaxarari Rio Vermelho(b) J a J P

Puerto Inca UCAYALI do Rio Roosevelt e u ir Panará do Purus a h

Cacatai bo a l e REc (N, D) Ecological Reserve Ecuador, Brazil t r c s

u Jam inauá/ u Envir a n B i Tocantínia Breu a FN Bom Futuro i e Zona Sur r R p PE (D) Cristalino Xerente Lizarda r - Piri pi cura Esc ondi do n a Envir a a i

Huaraz 3 FE (D) a RN (N, D) Nature Reserve Colombia, French Guiana, Suriname 6 r (Propuesta) T REx do Cazumbá-Iracema e PE (D) do Cantão Funi l 4 a Yuyapichis o d Codo del Pozuzo n Ri ozinho c a Terena a á Regional Nature Reserve I M Alta Floresta RNR French Guiana Kam pa Puerto Gleba Iriri Esperanza PE (D) do Chandless FN de R.Branco RVS (D) Bruno Racua Ariquemes RBi do Jaru Arara do Rio Branco do Rio Envira Capoto/Jarina PE (D) do Xingu PN das Nascentes Wildlife Sanctuary São Francisco Kar ipuna J Guarantã Vila Rica R do Rio Parnaíba SVS Bolivia

Huánuco Pozuzo Bolognesi FN do Macauã REx (D) do Rio ip io i PE (D) do Lajeado

a d Jaci-Paraná r o Igar apé S Historical Sanctuary Iscozacin Murunahua B r SH Peru RC Purús a a Peixoto Azevedo o R n ZR Cordillera RC El Sira - EE do Rio n Ri beir ão 3 á Plácido de Castro m 6 o Huayhuash RONDÔNIA 4 Flor do Prado National Sanctuary RC Yanesha Abuna a Palmas SN Peru PN Yanachaga-Chemillén PN Alto Purús J PE (D) do Jalapão REx Chico Mendes PN do Araguaia PE (D) de Guajará-Mirim SFF Fauna and Flora Sanctuary Colombia Oxapampa Igarapé Lage BR-080 Santa Terezinha Cristalândia PASCO Xapuri Igarapé Lourdes Zoró Mamoadate Tapirapé Nature Site Villa Rica Atalaya Mashco Piro REx Rio Ouro Preto Aripuanã SiN French Guiana Japuíra Urubu Kar aj á Cerro de Pasco Urubamba Guajará-Mirim São José do Xingu EE Serra Geral do Tocantins Paucartambo Cabeceira do Rio Acre Ji-Paraná Guayamerin Sete Apiaká-Kayabi Branco EE do Rio Acre Assis Brasil Colíder Inãwébohona SN de Setembro Rio do Brasiléia Riberalta s !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Bajo Pichanaqui Iñapari Bolpebra P (Boto Velho) RN Junín Serra Morena e Krahô-Kanela TOCANTINS !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ZR Pampa !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! La Merced Ri o Negro/Oc aia i Hermosa Cobija x Marcelândia !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! G e Luciara !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! direct use Sepahua Roosevelt !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! u s São Domingos Satipo Yaminahua Madre de Dios Pacaás-Novas !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Tahuamanú a PN Pacaás Novos Er ikpatsa Juara !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! SH Chacamarca s BP Pui Pui Machineri Porvenir Multietnico II p REx (D) Rio Pacaás Novos Batelão !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! utilization of natural resources permitted é o Parque Indígena Parque Indígena

Mazamari a G (1)") r Cacoal Cacique Fontoura

BR-163 O v e Juína T

Tarma Iberia do Aripuanã MT- do Araguaia -

Kugapakori- 220 a 3 San Martin de Pangoa o / Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau 6 PANDO PN Serra J 4 Nahua- I Manu t da Cutia c Dianópolis (2) e Pimenta Bueno a Nanti n acronym category country S. Félix do Araguaia n RP Nor JUNÍN e Rolim de Moura Gurupi LIMA Madre de Dios FE (D) Rio Cláudia t z Formoso do Araguaia i Yauyos-Cochas RC Ashaninka REx do Roosevelt Wawi Maraiwãtsede n Rio Cautário s MUMA Multiple Use Management Area Suriname RVS Manuripi FE (D) do Rio R

RC Machiguenga Rio Guaporé São Domingos io Sinop Callao Huancayo APC (D) River Basin Protection Area Bolivia 12°S Chacobo Pacahuara d PN Otishi PN Manu REx (D) do EE Iquê o MATO GROSSO MADRE DE DIOS Rio Cautário Enawenê Nawê S Vera PE (D) do Araguaia Lima Ri o Branco an Parque Indígena do Xingu ARIE (N, D) Area of Special Ecological Importance Brazil Mantaro SN Megantoni Menk u g More PE (D) Serra dos Reis u A Beni P r o s Boca Manu PE (D) Serra e i r ANMI (N, D) Integrated Management Natural Area Bolivia n Guaporé a u e Cavineño Costa Marques Kwazá do t p o

Puerto Mamoré dos Parecis n r s o Maldonado Joaquiniana Rio São Pedro a o RBi do Guaporé g R BP Protection Forest Peru Araona M Ri o Kimbiri Tac ana II Massaco Tanar u a

i s Apurímac o Mequéns BR-158 RC Amarakaeri Tubarão/Latundê Nambiquara a FE (D) State Forest Brazil Huancavelica d The cartographic data used have been obtained Echarate o Vilhena i Quillabamba Itonamas Ri o Om er ê Manok i R Brazil from multiple sources as described overleaf. RN Tambopata Puertos Siles FE (D) do Rio Mequéns Piri neus Irantxe FN National Forest Utiariti Pequizal Arraias Cor de S ouza PD Itenez umb EE Rio do Naruvôtu Rib. Cascalheira PNR Regional Nature Park French Guiana HUANCAVELICA SH Pampa de Ayacucho ia r a Ronuro RfVS (D) Corixão G T Batovi da Mata Azul Ayacucho CUSCO uap PE (D) de Corumbiara Tirecatinga o a e Cayubaba Magdalena Baures re RBiF Forest Biological Reserve French Guiana n o SH Machupicchu Quincemil / le v It e s e Geographic coordinates, SAD 1969 e P e n u n

PN Bahuaja Sonene e r s RC Community Reserve Peru Movim a z ir ri e Pimentel Tac ana III ANMI (D) Itenez u e u u l SN Ampay J s Barbosa C u PERU Andahuaylas Cusco Movim a Baures Ponte RfVS (D) Quelônios RDS (N, D) Sustainable Development Reserve Brazil Movim a Comodoro C Canarana do Araguaia Scale 1:5,000,000 Ixiamas de Pedra Abancay Santa Ana de Yacuma RCEA (D) Kenneth Lee Vale do RByTI Biosphere Reserve and Indigenous Territory Bolivia

PN Madidi a Tac ana Guapor é Utiariti i Marechal REc (D) do Culuene a Wildlife Reserve Bolivia u RVS (N, D) km Yacuma Rondon g Santa Rosa Taihantesu a Ica BENI Estação Parecis r APURÍMAC Baures REx (N, D) Extractive Reserve Brazil AYACUCHO Movim a BR-364 A Symbols 0 50 100 200 300 400 Bajo PN Noel Kempff Mercado Santana San Jose de Uchupiamonas Parec i Bakairi Sandia Movim a Canichana Paragua Pequizal Ui rapuru RN National Reserve Peru ICA Areões I Areões ANMI Madidi Rurrenabaque Diamantino Paranatinga Parabubur e Political boundaries PR Pedro G Rio Formoso RP Landscape Reserve Peru Ignacio Muiba u Jui ni nha PE (D) Gruta da Campinápolis Areões II Chim an a Tangará da Serra Lagoa Azul Map prepared in January 2009 RVS (D) Rios Blanco y Negro p Estivadinho Ubawawe EB Movim a SVS (D) Chuchini o international Apolo Movim a r Chão Preto del Beni é Figueiras 4 Nova Xavantina San Borja Mojeño 6 Siri onó 3 Pelechuco Lecos de Apolo RByTI Pilón Lajas PR (D) Yacuma Sararé - departmental/state/provincial Ignac iano PE (D) Serra R Aruanã II PN Madidi Pilon Lajas Muchanes Um utina B direct/indirect use PUNO ANMI Apolobamba Trinidad Ricardo Franco Movim a Barra do Bugres 00 San Ignacio -1 utilization of the area established through zoning Charazani Chim an PN Chapada T Pontes e Lacerda dos Guimarães Sangradouro M Moseten Multietnico Roads Volta Grande São Marc os Marka Qamata Lecos de Larecaja BR-174 acronym category country Boundaries of Amazonia Guarayos EE do Rio BR-070 paved Ayata Monteverde da Casca Merure Guanay APC (D) EE Serra Cuiabá PES da PNyANMI National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area Bolivia Eva Eva Moseten das Araras Serra Azul unpaved AREQUIPA 3 4 PNyTI National Park and Indigenous Territory Bolivia Sorata -3 BR-070 T Poxoréo LA PAZ Caranavi PE (D) Serra de M Barra do Garças Puno Moseten Ascención de Guarayos Santa Bárbara Rivers PNyRNF National Park and Andean Fauna Nature Reserve Bolivia Lago Titicaca PNyANMI PE (D) de G Cotapata r Concepción Cáceres Águas Quentes an VENEZUELA Coroico PNyTI Isiboro Sécure de Portal do Encantado main river o Jarudore G Yuracare u San Ignacio de Velasco i Arequipa Tipnis ap a GUYANA a San Julian u á lake transitional categories y g b Teresa Irupana a Rondonópolis G0 BOLIVIA a i -0 r u Cri sti na Tadarimana 60 can be changed to other categories La Paz Ayoreo Zapoco a C FRENCH GUIANA P COLOMBIA Yuqui RVS (D) Meandros ão Lour SURINAME del Rio Ichilo S e n ço PE (D) Dom Cities Osório Stoffel Goiânia MOQUEGUA CO Chorocona COCHABAMBA Puerto Villarroel Chiquitano de Lomerio EE Taiamã Inquisivi Peri gara \ acronym category country SVS Cavernas Chimore national capital del Repechón Moquegua Baía dos Guató P RF Forest Reserve (Reserva Forestal de la Ley 2a./1959) Colombia PE (D) do Encontro departmental/state/provincial capital PN Tunari SANTA CRUZ das Águas ZR Restricted Zone Peru Patacamaya Montero !H PE (D) Guirá main city PN Carrasco Buena Vista Cochabamba PN do Pantanal ECUADOR TACNA ANMI Matogrossense !( B GOIÁS reference locality PN Amboró R - Pocona Sta.Cruz de La Sierra 3 6 San Jose de Chiquitos 4 Notes: Ayllu MN (D) Espejillos PNH (D) Santa Cruz La Vieja Oruro Kirki awi ANMI 1. To improve visibility areas smaller than 5,000 hectares not connected to other areas are represented by a point symbol. PN Toro Toro Comarapa PR (D) Lomas de Arena Boundaries of Amazonia 18°S Jatun Ayllu 2. In the Protected Areas categories, (D) refers to departmental or state level areas and (N) to national areas. On the map Tacna Ayoreo Santa Teresita Ur insaya MATO GROSSO DO SUL those areas that can be either and that are not identified as one or the other are national. Toro Toro Samaipata Political Raqay pam pa Robore Ayllu Sikuya 3. Because of scale, not all areas can be identified by name. Chullpa 4. Data sources overleaf. Takovo Um a Um a Ayllu Jucumanis Basin BRAZIL Ayllu Laimes ORURO Jatun Ayllu Pocoata ANMI (D) Rio Grande PERU OCEANO PACÍFICO ANMI El Palmar Valles Cruceños ANMI Kaa-iya del Gran Chaco Biogeographical Challapata Puerto Quijarro Sucre Charagua Nor te Isoso Iupaguasu PN Kaa-iya del Gran Chaco 2 political 7.827.000 km PNyANMI Iñao Guarani source: compiled national data Kaaguas u Amazon Geo-referenced Socio-environmental Information Network (RAISG) 2 Support to RAISG: Biogeographical 6.767.000 km Potosí Itikaraparirenda Kaipependi source: compiled national data Karovo BOLIVIA 2 Basin 5.913.000 km CHUQUISACA Camiri source: Hydrosheds, Amazon River basin Guarani Kaami PAR AGUAY POTOSÍ (see reverse of map for further details) Charagua Sur Campo Grande coordinator Uyuni

76°W 68°W 60°W 52°W COLOMBIA  (Sinchi, 2008) Amazonia is a region comprising hydrological, biogeographic and administrative areas that cover 483,119 km² . The state (through the Ministry of Physical Planning, Land and Forestry Management) recognizes some indigenous rights in respect of their Indigenous peoples who are isolated, un-contacted or in the process of establishing contact Its component ecosystems range from the upland plains of the eastern Andes, the source of many important Amazon rivers, to the tropical moist current sites of residence and cultivation. Among the objectives of the Sustainable Development of the Interior Project initiated in April 2007 forest areas that make up most of the region. The region contains several types of forests: Andean, flooded, and dryland, as well as montane forest is to map lands currently in use in the interior of the country using GPS (Sources: “Suriname”, Daniel Peplow and Sarah Augustine, of the Suriname In the Amazon basin there are various cases of small indigenous communities considered by the state and specialist civil society organizations and savannah. Indigenous Health Fund, in El mundo indígena 2008, IWGIA, Copenhagen, 2008, pp120-126; IUCN, UNEP 2006: World Database on Protected Areas, updated n the as “isolated” and, as such, especially vulnerable to the health or demographic tragedies that normally result from initial indiscriminate contact A M A Z O N I A 2009 (Sinchi 2007) basis of http://www.unesco-suriname.org) by economic agents on the region’s expanding predatory frontiers. In the late 1980s Brazil was the pioneer in establishing specific innovative The regional population is 960,239, 2.3 % of the national total . There are 62 indigenous peoples, out of a national total of 84 . indigenous policies aimed at protecting such peoples by reversing the historic tendency towards forcible contact as a means of moving them out (DANE, 2005). Indigenous territories are the collective property of the indigenous communities and are inalienable, imprescriptible and unseizable VENEZUELA  Using both biogeographic and hydrological criteria, the Venezuelan Amazon encompasses the states of Amazonas, of the way of the expanding frontier. Over recent years this issue has been the subject of a number of seminars and exchanges between gover- PROTECTED AREAS and INDIGENOUS TERRITORIES (Constitución Política, 1991). Bolívar and Delta Amacuro, and represents 49.53% of the country. It forms part of the Guiana Shield. It has an extensive river network, high nmental and civil society institutions in Amazon countries. This has enabled the collection and dissemination of a set of cross-referred data and The National Parks System comprises 54 protected areas, of which 16 are in Amazonia. There are also forest reserve areas established under the satellite images on the location of these peoples, whose approximate locations (not always confirmed) are shown on this map by the symbol ^. nd (IDEAM, 2005) levels of precipitation and is characterized by the presence of tepuyes (table top mountains). The vegetation is predominantly woody, with areas The Amazonia covered by this map extends over 7.8 million km² and contains tremendous socio-environmental diversity, shared by terms of the 2 Law of 1959 “for the development of the forest economy and the protection of soils, waters and wildlife” , and these In some cases these “isolated” groups are shown within polygons either because they have been identified within already recognized and of savannah (in both high and lowlands) and tepuye shrub lands (highlands). The lowland forests are liable to permanent or seasonal flooding. more than 370 native peoples, nine nation states and a human population of approximately 33 million people. to a large extent coincide with indigenous territories and national parks. demarcated territories of other peoples or because governments have embargoed these areas as a preventative measure for the group’s Overall the region has high levels of endemism. It is a sparsely populated region (< 5% of the national total), but is the most important in terms The main threats are deforestation and fragmentation caused by human settlement, ranching, logging and mining, as well as ornamental and protection. It is estimated that the 129 recent occurrences (sightings or other indications) shown on the map involve 71 indigenous peoples At stake are the interpretation of the current status and the prediction of the future of this region so crucial for the tropical of indigenous territories with 24 of the country’s 31 ethnic groups (more than 65% of the Amazon region). Its 7 National Parks and 4 Natural commercial fishery. or population fragments, the majority in the Peruvian and Brazilian Amazon regions. environment of South America and for the climate balance of the planet. The level of discussion of these themes differs among Monuments cover 23.4% and 14.1% of its area, respectively. However these figures are underestimates as a result of the way in which the National the various stakeholders who live and operate in the region, as well as at the national or global levels. ECUADOR  The Ecuadorian Amazon represents 47% of the continental area of Ecuador. From the biogeographical point of view, the Parks and the Tepuyes Natural Monument were established. Although the national average annual rate of deforestation (1977-1998) was 1.2%, Peuples indigènes isolés, contactés ou en contact initial Amazon region in Ecuador starts with the Andean-Amazonian transitional forests at 1,300 metres above sea level along the Andean foothills and it estimated that deforestation in the Amazon region represented 20% of the national total. Among the main causes are: logging, hydroelectricity, Dans le bassin amazonien, il existe certains cas de petites communautés indigènes qui sont considérées par les États nationaux et par les This map is designed to present a set of geo-referenced information on the basis of an inclusive regional perspective. The descends towards the Amazon plain to approximately 300 metres above sea level, where various types of lowland evergreen forests predominate forest fires, population pressure, tourism, commercial extraction of forest products and climate change. organisations spécialisées de la société civile comme “isolées” et, par conséquence, particulièrement vulnérables aux tragédies sanitaires et main objective behind its publication is to contribute to overcoming fragmented views and to support joined-up national and (for example, forest seasonally flooded by white and black waters, palm forests) with a significant presence of marshy grasslands and other démographiques résultant du contact. Le Brésil est une référence pour la mise en place, vers la fin des années 1980, d’une politique indigéniste international processes and initiatives that contribute to the consolidation of protected areas and indigenous territories, thereby non-wooded ecosystems (Sierra, 1999). The region contains part of the eastern Andean range with unique characteristic vegetation (for example, spécifique considérée comme innovatrice pour la protection de ces peuples dans la mesure où elle a inversé la tendance historique à forcer le making an important contribution to the conservation and sustainable use of this ecosystem. the moist montane scrublands of the Amazon cordilleras). Around 26% of the area is protected under the National Protected Areas System. contact pour éloigner les indigènes de l´avancée de la frontière agricole. Ces dernières années, ce thème a été l´objet d’une série de séminaires et d´échanges entre des institutions gouvernementales et la société civile des pays amazoniens. Ceci a permis de réunir et de publier une série This is the first product emerging from the collective efforts of a group of governmental and civil society research institutions from Pressures on Amazonian natural resources stem from the advancing extractive frontiers, mainly large and small scale agriculture and ranching, oil Protected Areas and Indigenous Territories d’informations sur la localisation et la situation de ces peuples, obtenues à partir d´observations de terrain et d´analyses d’images satellite. Les all the Amazon countries (with the temporary exceptions of Guyana and Suriname) to integrate and perfect their already existing and mining, illegal logging and, more generally, uncontrolled human settlement. Between 1986 and 2001 human activities altered 6.54% of the présences approximatives – pas toujours confirmées – apparaissent dans cette carte sous la forme de points représentés par ^. Dans certains cas, region. In 2001, 85.5% of the region retained is original vegetation cover. In 2008 indigenous communities controlled approximately 70% of the Over the last two decades official recognition of indigenous databases under the framework of the Amazon Geo-referenced Socio-environmental Information Network (RAISG). Indigenous Territories and peoples in Amazonia ces “groupes isolés” apparaissent localisés dans des polygones, soit parcequ´ils sont à l’intérieur de terres/territoires déjà reconnus (et délimités), forest cover existing in 2001 and 70% of these territories retained their original vegetation cover (Sierra, 2001). Administratively the region includes territories and the creation of protected areas have increased Indigenous Indigenous Isolated soit parce que les États nationaux, de façon préventive, ont délimité une zone de protection. Les 137 indications de peuples indigèns isolés Further joint activities are anticipated within a shared agenda of thematic analysis and through protocols for shared and the provinces of Sucumbíos, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Morona Santiago and Zamora Chinchipe (Cárdenas A., y Beltrán K, EcoCiencia). significantly across the region, as a result of country-driven processes decentralized management of information in an on-going exercise that resembles a real jigsaw puzzle. The specificities of Territories Peoples Groups signalés sur cette carte correspondent à 71 peuples indigènes ou à des segments de ceux-ci, et sont pour la plupart, situés en Amazonie  that are specific, unequal and still incomplete. Overall conservation péruvienne et brésilienne. each country regarding the boundaries of and the criteria for the establishment of conservation areas and for the recognition FRENCH GUIANA French Guiana (GF) is an overseas department of France on the Atlantic coast of South America (and is thus the main Bolivia 43 25 8 areas and indigenous territories currently constitute an area of indigenous territories were harmonized so as to permit their map-based representation and estimations on the basis of European Union territory on the continent). It covers an area of 86,504 km², bounded to the north by the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and south by amounting 3,204,248 km², corresponding to 41.2% of the region’s Brazil 406 170 46 Sources: “Pueblos Indígenas en Aislamiento Voluntario y Contacto Inicial en la Amazonía y El Gran Chaco”. Report of the Santa Cruz de La Sierra Regional Seminar– 20-22 November substantive equivalence. Detailed technical notes produced by the participating institutions are summarized below and the Brazil and to the west by Suriname. Despite its monotonous appearance, GF is not simply a vast forest carpet, but includes tropical savannahs, 2006. OACNUDH/IWGIA / Viceministerio de Tierras/ CIDOB, Copenhagen 2007, 386p.; “El Derecho a la salud de los pueblos indígenas en aislamiento y en contacto inicial”. Presen- surface (after excluding the overlaps involving different categories). Colombia 186 62 2 full versions can be accessed at www.raisg.socioambiental.org or on the website of each institution. rocky formations and several marine and coastal environments, especially mangroves, salt marshes and current and previous coastal plains. tations from the international meeting held in Quito, Ecuador, 19-20 October 2007. IWGIA, Copenhagen 2008, 145p.; Vincent Brackelaire. “Situación de los últimos pueblos indígenas Located at the meeting of the Amazon Basin and the Guiana Shield, French Guiana contains high levels of biological diversity as demonstrated Overall these areas may represent an important part of the solution Ecuador n/a 11 1 aislados en América Latina (Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Perú, Venezuela). Diagnóstico regional para facilitar estrategias de protección”. Report to the Coordinação Geral de Indios Isolados of FUNAI and the Centro de Trabalho Indigenista (CTI), Brasilia, 2005 and “Diagnóstico regional de la situación de los pueblos indígenas viviendo en situación for ecosystem conservation, particularly if there can be increased by some spectacular numbers: 5,400 inventoried plant species, including 750 tree species and 300 species of orchids. There are 186 recorded French Guiana 16 14 0 de aislamiento en América Latina”, Report to the InterAmerican Development Bank, 2007. mammal species, 100 species of bat, 740 bird species, 187 species of reptile, 110 of amphibian, 480 species of freshwater and marine fish, and levels of intercultural dialogue and dialogue between government Guyana data lacking 9 data lacking 350,000 or more insect species. actors and civil society stakeholders, leading for example to joint Peru 1,502 60 14 SOURCES A M A Z O N I E 2009 The protected area network of GF includes several categories: the Guiana Amazon National Park (33,900 km², including a 20,300 km² strict management of mosaics, corridors and river basins. The other part Suriname data lacking data lacking data lacking Bolivia: FAN conservation portion), the Guiana Regional Nature Park (2,220 km²), the Mana Biota Protection Area (257 km²), as well as six National Nature of the solution needs to come through controlling the processes of Reserves (3,000 km²), the Trésor Regional Nature Reserve (2,464 hectares), the Lúcifer Biological Reserve (1,108 km²), and several coastal human occupation and natural resource use that are currently Venezuela 62 24 data lacking Roads, urban settlements and political boundaries: Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (INE), 2001; Tierras comunitarias de origen: Instituto Nacional de Reforma Agraria (INRA), 2006; National AIRES PROTEGÉES et TERRITOIRES INDIGÈNES protected areas: Servicio Nacional de Áreas Protegidas (SERNAP), 2005; Departmental protected areas: Prefecturas departamentales, 2007; Population: 2001 Census, Instituto Nacional de conservation sites stretching over an area of 11,900 hectares. All these can be considered Indirect Use categories and cover an area of 40,000 km², creating such pressure on the Amazon. Total Amazonía 2,215 375 71 2 Estadísticas; Indigenous population: estimated by FAN on the basis of the 2001 census, Instituto Nacional de Estadística. L’Amazonie considérée dans cette carte a une extension de 7.8 millions de km et abrite une énorme diversité or 48% of the total GF surface area. Multiple Natural Areas of Ecological, Faunistic or Floristic Importance cover an area of approximately 20,157 km². socio-environementale partagée entre neuf états nationaux, une population humaine d’approximativement 33 millions The indigenous territories that have been officially recognized or are Brazil: ISA and Imazon de personnes et plus de 370 peuples indigènes. GUYANA  Guyana is located in the northern Amazon region and covers an area of 214,970 km². There are only two protected areas in in the process of being recognized by the Amazon countries for the Rivers: digitalized by ISA on the basis of the “Cartas do Brasil ao Milionésimo”, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE); Roads, main towns and political boundaries: IBGE data set, 2006; Indigenous Lands and protected areas: digitalized by ISA on the basis of official documents using the IBGE 1:1.000.000 data set; Boundaries of Amazonia: “Amazônia Legal brasileira, Guyana. The Kaieteur National Park was established in 1929 by the Kaieteur National Park Act, with a current area of 5,913 km². The park’s main more than 370 indigenous peoples currently constitute an area of Cette carte présente un ensemble d’informations géographiques construites à partir d’une vision régionale. Sa publication a pour 1,970,699 km² corresponding to 25.3% of the area of the Amazon (see table). A number of these territories (17.5%) overlap conservation areas. A conforme Lei 5.173/66 e limite biogeográfico correspondente ao bioma Amazônia, do Mapa de Biomas Brasileiros”, 1st draft, IBGE 2004; Population: IBGE, 2007. Estimated population for tourist attraction are the Kaieteur Falls, considered one of the most spectacular natural features in Guyana, with a drop of 226 metres. The Iwokrama Amazonia, ISA estimate. Indigenous population: ISA estimate (population within Terras Indígenas and nearby urban centres). objectif primordial de contribuer à dépasser les visions fragmentées et stimuler des initiatives et des procédures intégrées, large number of indigenous Amazonian communities about whom there exists information, but not about their territorial extent, do not appear on Wilderness Preserve was created in May 1996 by the Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development Act and covers Colombia: FGA and Sinchi nationales et internationales, qui contribuent à la consolidation de ces aires protégés et territoires indigènes, partie expressive the map. Also not shown are indigenous demands for territorial recognition shown (with the partial exception of Peru) and those demands for revi- an area of 3,600 km². The act provided for half the area of the Iwokrama Forest (1,857 km²) to be dedicated to wildlife conservation, whilst the Political boundaries, roads and major rivers: Digital maps at scale 1:500.000 of the Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi - IGAC (2007); National Nature Parks System: Digital maps at scale de la solution pour la conservation et l´utilisation soutenable de cet écosystème. remaining areas could be used for the sustainable use of natural resources. sion or expansion of areas already officially recognized. 1:100.000 of the Unidad Administrativa Especial del Sistema de Parques Nacionales Naturales – UAESPNN (2008); Resguardos Indígenas: Digital maps IGAC (2008) and Fundación Gaia Ama- Ce premier produit résulte d´un effort de collaboration entre un ensemble d’institutions de recherche gouvernementales et la With respect to indigenous territories and rights, in 1994 there were 28,975 indigenous people within the national territory belonging to nine different Conservation areas currently cover an area of 1,630,485 km² (excluding overlaps between different categories), corresponding to 20.9% of zonas (2008); Forest Reserve Areas under the 2nd Law of 1959: Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales – IDEAM (2005); Boundaries of Amazonia: Instituto Amazónico de ethnic groups: Akawaio (3,800), Arekuna (475), Arawak (15,000), Macushi (7,000), Wapishana (6,000), Patamuna (4,700), Waiwai (198), Warrau Amazonia. Of this total, 345,263 km² are superimposed on indigenous territories. Recent efforts leading to new conservation areas are taking Investigaciones Científicas - Sinchi (2008); Population: National Population Census, Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística - DANE (2005) and Instituto Amazónico de Investiga- société civile des pays amazoniens (absence temporaire de la Guyane et du Suriname), pour intégrer et améliorer leurs bases ciones Científicas - Sinchi (2008). (4,700) and Carib (2,700). Although some groups hold legal title to their lands, the territories of many communities still have not been assessed by into account the need for national and international connectivity to form ecological and climatic mosaics and corridors. de données pré-existentes, dans le contexte du Réseau Amazonien d’Informations Géographiques Socio-environnementales Ecuador: Ecociencia the Amerindian Lands Commission. Currently 16% of the national territory has been classified as indigenous territory, of which there are 77 separate (RAISG). Cette initiative se poursuivra au travers de nouvelles analyses thématiques. Despite the important recent growth in the number and total extent of conservation areas there are still enormous challenges facing the Roads, rivers, main towns: Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM) - Recopilación de Información BINU, EcoCiencia-MAE, 2005; Protected areas and Protection Forests: Centro de Información Am- areas. Of those indigenous areas still awaiting recognition, many are under the control of mining companies, rural landowners and forestry consolidation of national conservation area systems and, even more, the harmonization of policies and the setting up of participative multilateral biental (CIAM) - Ministerio del Ambiente (MAE), 2007; Indigenous Territories: Sierra, R. and P. Maldonado, 2008. “Territorios Indígenas de la Amazonía Ecuatoriana”, digital map (format .shp), Les spécificités de chaque pays, telles que la question des frontières ou les critères d’établissement des Unités de Conservation (United Nations Development Programme, http://www.sdnp.org.gy/undp-docs/nripd, accessed on 09/12/2008) concessions . forms of cooperation. version 1, EcoCiencia, Quito, Ecuador; Political boundaries and Amazon political and administrative boundaries: Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos de Ecuador (INEC), 2007; Amazon ou la reconnaissance des Territoires Indigènes, ont été adaptées a fin de permettre une présentation cartographique homogène biogeographic boundary: Sierra, 1999; Population: INEC, 2009; Indigenous population: ECORAE, 2002. Zonificación Ecológica-Económica de la Amazonía Ecuatoriana. PERU  The total area of the Peruvian Amazon region is 782,820 km², equal to 60.9% of the national territory and containing 13.4% of the et des statistiques comparables. Des notes techniques détaillées produites par les institutions participantes ont été résumées French Guiana: Direction Régionale de l’Environnement de Guyane (INEI – 2007 census) et sont disponibles en version intégrale sur le site www.raisg.socioambiental.org ou dans les sites internet de chaque institution national population, of which 332,975 are indigenous . The Peruvian Amazon is classified into the Upper Forest (500 to1900 Roads, rivers, main towns, political boundaries, protected areas and Areas of Collective Use Rights for the Benefit of Local Communities: Direction Régionale de l’Environnement participante. metres above sea level) and the Lower Forest (90 to 500 metres above sea level). The total area deforested up to 2000 was 71,725 km² (9.27%) Aires Protégées et Territories Indigènes de Guyane, 2007. and the average annual rate of deforestation between 1990 and 2000 was 1,496 km². The main causes of deforestation are the construction of Guyana: Au cours des deux dernières décennies, la reconnaissance des territoires indigènes et la création d´aires protégées ont augmenté de façon très highways and local roads, as the expansion of agriculture and ranching is directly related to the accessibility of forested areas. Rivers, roads, urban centres, political boundaries: DCW; Protected areas: World Database Protected Areas (WDPA), 2006. There are 1,497 registered native communities in the Peruvian Amazon, of which 1,232 have title to their territories, totalling 102,634 km² (IBC and significative dans la région. Ensemble, les Unités de Conservation et les Territoires indigènes d´Amazonie représentent aujourd’hui une surface Peru: IBC and AIDESEP 2 AIDESEP estimates). In addition there are five reserves for isolated indigenous communities or those in initial contact, totalling 28,126 km². The 34 équivalente à 3.204.248 km , soit 41,2% de la région sans compter les superpositions existantes entre les diverses catégories, contribuant ainsi de Rivers: Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN) digitalized by MINEDU and IBC; Roads: Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones (MTC): 2005; Political boundaries: Instituto Nacional de Es- Which Amazonia? national Natural Protected Areas in the Amazon cover 155,243 km². Discounting overlaps between the two categories of area, indigenous territories façon expressive à la conservation des écosystèmes. La maintenance du reste du territoire dépendra de la capacité de gestion de chaque état tadística e Informática (INEI): 2005; Indigenous territories and communities: AIDESEP/CIPTA, IBC, CEDIA, ACPC, GEF/PNDU, GOREL and PETT- Loreto: 2008; Natural protected areas: Instituto and NPAs comprise 35% of the Peruvian Amazon. The main threats to its forests are expanding agricultural and ranching activities, uncontrolled national. Nacional de Recursos Naturales (INRENA): 2008; Boundaries of Amazonia: Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), proposed on the basis of ecological criteria; Population: (*) INEI. 2007. Censos Nacionales 2007: XI de Población y VI de Vivienda. Crecimiento y Distribución de la población, Lima, p10. There are different ways of defining the boundaries of Amazonia. For this map we opted to show the sum total of the political logging, mineral and hydrocarbon prospecting and extraction, and legislative attempts to change land usage from protected forest to agricultural use. Les territoires indigènes, reconnus officiellement ou en processus de reconnaissance par les États nationaux, sont occupés par plus de 370 peuples boundaries of the Amazon regions of each country. In the cases of Bolivia, Peru and Venezuela these coincide with the biogeographic Suriname: indigènes et représentent aujourd’hui une surface 1.970.699 de km2 ou 25,3% de la surface amazonienne (voir tableau). Une partie de ces territoires boundaries. In Ecuador and Colombia they correspond to the municipalities or provinces containing the biogeographical boundary. SURINAME  The entire area of the country (163,820 km²) lies within the biogeographical boundary of Amazonia. Protected areas are for the Rivers, roads, urban centres, political boundaries: DCW; Protected areas: World Database Protected Areas (WDPA), 2006 (17.5%) se superpose à des Unités de Conservation. Sur cette carte, de nombreux territoires communautaires ne sont pas signalés pour des raisons Brazil has adopted an administrative definition of its “Legal Amazon” region. most part Indirect Use – eleven nature reserves and one nature park. Direct Use areas are denominated Multiple-Use Management Areas (MUMA), Venezuela: Unidad de Información Geográfica del Centro de Ecología del IVIC (ecoSIG) de problémes d´échelle. De même pour les nouvelles demandes de reconnaissance de territoires indigènes. of which there are four. Indigenous peoples (Wayana, Carib, Arowaks, Trio and Akuiro) and descendents of slaves brought from Africa during the Rivers, roads, urban centres, political boundaries: digitalized by ecoSIG (2004), based on the Mapa Político de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela. Instituto Geográfico de Venezuela Simón 2 Within these boundaries live an estimated 33 million people. These include more than 370 indigenous peoples with an estimated colonial period and which fled from farms on the coast (they are known as ‘maroons’, and classified into five groups: Ndyuka or Aukaner, Les Unités de Conservation occupent aujourd’hui une surface 1.630.485 de km (en excluant des superpositions entre les différentes catégories), Bolívar - Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales, 2003; Protected areas: “Áreas Protegidas de Venezuela”, Rodríguez, J.P., Zambrano-Martínez, S., Lazo, R., Oliveira-Miranda, 2 M.A., Solórzano, L.A. and Rojas-Suárez, F. (eds.). 2008. Base digital map of Venezuelan Natural Protected Areas: National Parks, Natural Monuments, Fauna Refuges, Fauna Reserves and total population of 1.6 million people inhabiting more than 2,200 separate territories, not including those indigenous people living Saramaka, Paramaka, Aluku or Boni, and Matawai) occupy State lands that make up 80% of the interior of Suriname. There is no specific correspondant à 20,9% de l’Amazonie. De ce total, 345.263 km se superposent à des Territoires Indigènes. Les dernières créations d´aires in urban areas and the so-called “isolated” indians. protégées ont intégré des critères de connectivités nationales et internationales qui ont donné naissance à l´établissement de mosaïques et de Biosphere Reserves, version 2 online. Centro Internacional de Ecología Tropical (CIET), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Conservación Internacional Venezuela, legislation recognizing collective land rights of indigenous peoples and it has not been possible to locate sources of spatial information either UNESCO and Oficina Nacional de Diversidad Biológica del Ministerio del Poder Popular para el Ambiente. Caracas, Venezuela. Available online at http://ecosig.ivic.ve; Indigenous areas: “Áreas couloirs écologico-climatiques. Malgré cette augmentation récente et importante du nombre et de l’extension des Unités de Conservation, In addition to the political boundaries, on which the estimates contained in the tables are based, the map also shows the boundaries on the communities themselves or on the lands traditionally occupied by indigenous peoples. For this reason these are not represented on Indígenas”, Freire, G. and Tillett, A. (eds.). 2007. Salud indígena de Venezuela. Vol. I. Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Salud. Caracas, Venezuela. 381pp + Map; Boundaries of Amazonia: la consolidation des systèmes nationaux d’unités de conservation représente encore un grand défi. of the hydrological basin and the biogeographical boundaries. The boundaries of the Amazon basin are based on data obtained from the map by points or polygons. biogeographic based on Gorzula and Señaris 1998, Eva and Huber 2005, corresponding to the states of Amazonas, Bolívar and Delta Amacuro; Population and indigenous population: Total Hydrosheds (see Sources) and result in an area of 5,913,491 km². Suriname and French Guiana are not part of the basin. Only a population, by state, by age group, 2001 census of indigenous communities: data downloaded on 11/02/2009 from http://www.ine.gov.ve/demografica/PobEdadComunIndigena.htm and http:// www.ine.gov.ve/demografica/salidadistribucion.asp?Tt=Cuadro250&cuadro=cuadro250. small part of the basin lies within Guyana and Venezuela. In Brazil and Colombia the area of the basin is smaller than that covered by Other datasets used: the political boundaries, whilst in the cases of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia it is greater. The biogeographical boundaries were arrived at Rivers of Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname and rivers outside Amazonia: Hydrosheds, http://hydrosheds.cr.usgs.gov; Political boundaries and national and departmental capital (1) by compiling country data on biogeographical boundaries and adding Guyana and Suriname in their entirety, resulting in an area of Protected Areas and Indigenous Territories in Amazonia - calculated on the basis of the political boundaries of Amazonia by country (Information on protected areas and indigenous territories updated on 31 January 2009) cities: compilation of official data by country; Relief: DEM Hydrosheds, http://hydrosheds.cr.usgs.gov; Amazon Basin: Hydrosheds, http://hydrosheds.cr.usgs.gov. 6,970,939 km². Bolivia Brazil Colombia Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Peru Suriname Venezuela total Amazonia Acknowledgements: The Amazon ecosystem is subject to multiple pressures resulting from uncontrolled land occupation and various forms of predatory % of the national % of the national % of the national % of the national % of the national % of the national % of the national % of the national % of the national % of the Amazonia ● Map developed through workshops (São Paulo, November 2007 and Quito, August 2008) and remote collaboration between: Luis Payaba Pacaya (AIDESEP); Sébastien Linarès (DIREN); Adri- utilization of natural resources. Of these the most significant are the advancing logging and agricultural frontiers with their high levels total total total total total total total total total total ana Cárdenas, Karla Beltrán (EcoCiencia); María A. Oliveira-Miranda, Sergio Zambrano-Martínez (ecoSIG); Humberto Gómez, Saul Cuellar (FAN); Adriana Sarmiento Dueñas, Fernando Salazar of deforestation and forest fires, as well as infrastructure projects (highways, hydroelectric dams) and oil, gas and mineral extraction. Total population of the 8,274,325 - 169,544,443 - 41,649,792 - 13,929,041 - 208,171 - 751,000 - 28,220,764 - 475,000 - 23,232,553 - - - Holguín (FGA); Carla Soria Arrasco, Margarita Benavides (IBC); Laurent Micol, Ricardo Abad Meireles de Mendonça (ICV); Katia Pereira (Imazon); Alicia Rolla, Arnaldo Carneiro, Beto Ricardo, (*) For the state of the art regarding the differing scientific and political definitions of Amazonia see: “A Proposal for Defining the Geographical Boundaries of Amazonia”, European Commission, Joint Research country (nº of inhabitants) Cícero Cardoso Augusto (ISA); Uriel Gonzalo Murcia García (Sinchi) Centre/Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization, 2005 (http://ies.jrc.ec.europa.eu/uploads/fileadmin/Documentation/Reports/Global_Vegetation_Monitoring/EUR_2005/eur21808_EN.pd). Amazon population of the 1,233,727 14.9% 22,495,460 13.3% 1,650,904 4.0% 694,804 5.0% 208,171 100.0% 751,000 100.0% 3,675,292 13.0% 475,000 100.0% 1,907,721 8.2% 33,092,079 100.0% ● Design and editing: Laboratório de Geoprocessamento do Instituto Socioambiental country (nº of inhabitants) ● English translation: Tony Gross Total area of the country (km2) Quelle Amazonie? 1,098,581 - 8,514,876 - 1,138,910 - 248,406 - 86,504 - 214,969 - 1,285,215 - 163,820 - 916,445 - - - ● Printing and finishing: IPSIS Gráfica e Editora, São Paulo, Brazil ● Copies: 1.000 ● Printed in April 2009 Amazon area of the country 475,278 43.3% 5,006,316 58.8% 483,119 42.4% 116,604 46.9% 86,504 100.0% 214,969 100.0% 782,820 60.9% 163,820 100.0% 453,915 49.5% 7,783,345 100.0% (km2) Il existe différentes façons de définir les limites de l’Amazonie.(*) Sur cette carte, on a adopté la combinaison des frontières politiques citation: % of total Amazonia within the 6.1% 64.3% 6.2% 1.5% 1.1% 2.8% 10.1% 2.1% 5.8% 100.0% Amazonia 2009 - Protected Areas and Indigenous Territories, Amazon Geo-referenced Socio-environmental Information Network, 2009. www.raisg.socioambiental.org des régions amazoniennes de chaque pays. En Bolivie, au Pérou et au Vénézuela, ces frontières coïncident avec les limites country biogéographiques; en Equateur et en Colombie, elles correspondent aux limites des communes ou des provinces qui définissent la limite biogéographique. Au Brésil, il existe une unité administrative nommée “Amazonie Légale”. À l’intérieur de ces limites, la population totale est estimée à 33 millions de personnes, dont environ 1.6 millions d´indigènes, appartenant à plus de 370 peuples Protected Areas in Amazonia (km2) différents, distribués dans plus de 2.200 territoires, sans compter les Indiens qui vivent dans les villes et les groupements considérés area by category (km2) deducting areas superimposed on another more restrictive category (2) “isolés”. Bolivia Brazil Colombia Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Peru Suriname Venezuela total Amazonia Printed on FSC certified paper, ensuring responsible forest management. area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon Outre les limites politiques qui ont servi de base pour les calculs exprimés dans le tableau, la carte présente aussi les limites du Imprimée sur du papier certifié FSC, garantissant une gestion forestière responsable. region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the bassin hydrographique ainsi que la limite biogéographique. La limite du bassin amazonien a été obtenue à partir de Hydrosheds country country country country country country country country country country 2 (WWF - USGS), qui estime son étendue à 5.913.491 km . Le Suriname et la Guyane Française ne font pas partie du bassin, qui INDIRECT USE Protection of biodiversity, geological and scenic landscape (aesthetic attributes) appropriate for tourism, education and research. Occupation by traditional populations not permitted, with the exceptions of Bolivia, Ecuador, French Guiana and Brazil. inclue par ailleurs une petite portion de la Guyana et du Vénézuela ainsi que des portions considérables du Brésil, de la Colombie, National 39,201 8.2% 311,540 6.2% 66,816 13.8% 29,843 26.0% 23,592 27.3% 5,914 2.8% 77,535 9.9% 19,683 12.0% 171,145 37.7% 745,269 9.6% The AMAZON GEO-REFERENCED SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION NETWORK is a space for the exchange de l’Équateur, du Pérou et de la Bolivie. State/Departmental 15,243 3.2% 124,410 2.5% - - - - 2,618 3.0% ------142,271 1.8% and networking of GIS-based socio-environmental information in support of processes that actively link collective total 54,444 11.4% 435,950 8.7% 66,816 13.8% 29,843 26.0% 26,210 30.3% 5,914 2.8% 77,535 9.9% 19,683 12.0% 171,145 37.7% 887,540 11.4% La limite biogéographique a été obtenue par l´assemblage des limites biogéographiques de l´Amazonie considérées par chaque rights to the promotion and sustainability of the socio-environmental diversity of the Amazon region.

pays auxquelles ont été ajoutés l´ensemble des territoires des Guyanes (Guyana, Suriname et Guyane Française). Il en résulte Since its foundation in 1996 the main objective of the Network has been to encourage and facilitate cooperation 2 DIRECT USE Resource protection compatible with controlled use in accordance with management plans une surface de 6.970.939 de km . among institutions that already use socio-environmental geographic information systems in the Amazon region, National 22,743 4.8% 296,595 5.9% - - - - 35,584 41.1% - - 45,565 5.8% 5,655 3.5% - - 406,142 5.2% L’écosystème amazonien est soumis à différentes pressions issues de l’occupation spontannée du territoire et des différentes through a methodology based on coordination of collective efforts and by means of an accumulative, State/Departmental 23,705 5.0% 267,665 5.3% ------291,370 3.7% formes d’utilisation des ressources naturelles. Les principales formes de pression proviennent de l´exploitation du bois et de decentralized and public process of information sharing. total 46,448 9.8% 564,260 11.3% - - - - 35,584 41.1% - - 45,565 5.8% 5,655 3.5% - - 697,512 9.0% l´avancée de l´élevage et de l´agriculture qui entrainent des taux de déboisement élevés. L’implantation des infrastructures www.raisg.socioambiental.org

(routes, hydro-électriques), l’exploration de gaz, de pétrole et l´extraction minière sont d´autres formes de pressions. TRANSITIONAL USE Reserved forest area that may or may not be converted into protected area or concession as a result of further study (*) pour les différentes définitions des limites de l´Amazonie, voir: “Propuesta para la definición de los limites géográficos de la Amazonia, European Commission/OTCA/Joint Research Center, 2005”. AIDESEP - Asociación Interétnica de Desarrollo de la Selva Peruana IBC - Instituto del Bien Común is a Peruvian non-profit civil National - - - 306,335 63.4% ------32,143 4.1% - - - - 338,478 4.3% is the National Organization of the Indigenous Peoples of the Peruvian association, founded in 1998, to promote improved management of State/Departmental 605 0.1% ------605 0.0% Amazon. It has been working since 1980 for the protection of the territory, public goods. The principal objective of the IBC is to produce and total 605 0.1% - - 306,335 63.4% ------32,143 4.1% - - - - 339,083 4.4% natural resources, culture, languages and the human and political rights disseminate theoretical and practical knowledge on the different forms of indigenous peoples. It is made up of seven regional organizations and of possession and management of public goods and spaces in Peru. Amazonia by country 54 federations that comprise almost all Peru’s 64 indigenous peoples. http://www.ibcperu.org/ DIRECT/INDIRECT USE Areas of double categories http:// www.aidesep.org.pe ICV - Instituto Centro de Vida National 12,685 2.7% ------12,685 0.2% is a Brazilian independent non-profit Public BOLIVIA  The Bolivian Amazon is a region comprising almost half the surface area of the country (approx. 475,278 km²) and DIREN - Direction Régionale de l’Environnement de Guyane is a French Interest Civil Society Organization (OSCIP) whose mission is to promote comprises a mosaic of extensive tropical rainforests, seasonally flooded savannahs, sub humid transitional forests at the Cerrado and State/Departmental ------government agency responsible for the regional implementation of policies sustainability and the quality of life through research and action that for environmental, territorial and energy management aimed at sustainable Chaco interfaces, and sub-Andean tropical forests characterized by high levels of biodiversity. total 12,685 2.7% ------12,685 0.2% support environmental conservation, enhanced citizenship, and harmony development. between society and nature. http://www.icv.org.br total for Amazonia/country 114,182 24.0% 1,000,210 20.0% 373,151 77.2% 29,843 26.0% 61,793 71.4% 5,914 2.8% 155,243 19.8% 25,338 15.5% 171,145 37.7% 1,936,820 24.9% Approximately 24% of the Bolivian Amazon is under protection: 16% as national protected areas and 8% as departmental protected areas. http://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/DIREN-Directions-regionales-de-l.html Some 25% is constituted by Community Lands of Origin, corresponding to the territories of more than 25 indigenous peoples. In some Imazon - Instituto do Homem e Meio Ambiente da Amazônia is a EcoCiencia - Fundación Ecuatoriana de Estudios Ecológicos cases these are superimposed on protected areas. Indigenous Territories in Amazonia (km2)(3) is a private Brazilian research institute whose mission is to promote sustainable non-profit Ecuadorian scientific organization established with the objective development in Amazonia by means of research, support to the The main economic activities of this region, which contains more than a million inhabitants (2001 data), are agriculture, ranching, forestry (4) Bolivia Brazil Colombia Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Peru Suriname Venezuela total Amazonia of generating high-class information that would support improved decision development of public policy, wide dissemination of information and and non-timber forest products, particularly the Amazon nut (Bertholletia excelsa) of which Bolivia is the world’s largest exporter. making for biodiversity conservation and human well-being. area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon professional training. http://www.imazon.org.br Deforestation and forest fires are the main threats to Bolivia’s Amazon ecosystems. Four thousand square kilometres are cleared annually region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the http://www.ecociencia.org/ for agricultural and cattle, whilst the incidence of forest fires is high, amounting to more than 70,000 registered heat spots a year (Humberto country country country country country country country country country country ISA - Instituto Socioambiental has as its principal objective the protection of public collective goods and rights relating to the environmental, cultural Gómez & Saúl Cuéllar, Fundación Amigos de la Naturaleza – FAN/Bolivia). Indigenous Territories 121,920 25.7% 1,084,665 21.7% 244,782 50.6% 75,542 65.0% 7,068 8.2% data lacking 130,761 16.7% data lacking 305,961 67.4% 1,970,699 25.3% ecoSIG - Unidad de Información Geográfica del Centro de Ecología heritage, human rights and the rights of peoples. It was founded in 1994 is a facility available to members of the Centro de Ecología del IVIC and BRAZIL  Brazil’s “Legal Amazon” region is defined by Law 1.806 of 1953 as a political entity and covers eight states in their entirety with the aim of developing integrated solutions to social and environmental its collaborators to support research projects that employ geographic issues. http://www.socioambiental.org 2 (4) and part of the state of Maranhão. It covers 5,006,316 km² or 60% of the national territory and has 22,495,460 inhabitants. It contains a wide Protected Areas and Indigenous Territories in Amazonia (km ) - Summary information systems (GIS). http://ecosig.ivic.ve coordinator diversity of environments, including closed and open rainforests, seasonal deciduous and semi-deciduous forests, savannahs (extensive Bolivia Brazil Colombia(5) Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Peru Suriname Venezuela total Amazonia FAN - Fundación Amigos de la Naturaleza is a private non-profit organi- Sinchi - Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas areas of Cerrado and enclaves known locally as “campos”); areas of localized sandy soils known as “campinaranas” and “campinas”; and is a national area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon area % of the Amazon zation founded in 1988 and dedicated to the conservation of Bolivian biodi- organization dedicated to scientific research on environmental issues in pioneer formations; as well as extensive areas of regionally important transitional vegetation. region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the region of the versity as a contribution to the sustainability of the planet. Its activities are the Colombian Amazon relating to biodiversity, economic alternatives for country country country country country country country country country country Currently 39.6% of the Brazilian Legal Amazon is protected in the form of conservation areas (UCs) or indigenous lands (TIs). Areas characterized by scientific basis, technical viability, stakeholder participation improved livelihoods, and research on the processes and dynamics of land protected as state and federal UCs make up 20% of the region, whilst TIs cover 21,6%, although some UCs are superimposed on TIs. Protected Areas 114,182 24.0% 1,000,210 20.0% 66,816 13.8% 29,843 25.6% 61,793 71.4% 5,914 2.8% 155,243 19.8% 25,338 15.5% 171,145 37.7% 1,630,485 20.9% and administrative transparency. http://www.fan-bo.org use occupation. http://www.sinchi.org.co In addition to the 406 officially recognized TIs there are communities whose lands have not been officially recognized. In 2008 there were Indigenous Territories 121,920 25.7% 1,084,665 21.7% 244,782 50.7% 75,542 64.8% 7,068 8.2% data lackingn 130,761 16.7% data lacking 305,961 67.4% 1,970,699 25.3% FGA - Fundación Gaia Amazonas is a Colombian NGO working 198 pending demands for official recognition, with a further 90 requests for enlargement of existing TIs. The Brazilian Amazon contains Overlap of Protected Areas in partnership with indigenous communities and organizations 40,854 8.6% 100,305 2.0% 20,421 4.2% 12,466 10.7% 6,289 7.3% 12,440 1.6% 152,488 33.6% 345,263 4.4% Supporters of RAISG: 98% of the total area of TIs in Brazil. and Indigenous Territories in support of their rights and for the conservation of Amazon Areas with no overlap 195,248 41.1% 1,984,570 39.6% 270,757 56.0% 92,919 79.7% 62,572 72.3% 273,564 34.9% 324,618 71.5% 3,204,248 41.2% forests. Its main activities are: land use planning, indigenous The Brazilian Amazon is subject to different pressures arising from expanding human settlement and various forms of natural resource use. rights and legislation, intercultural education and health, cultural (1) The most important is the expanding agricultural frontier. With the annual rate of deforestation at around 13,000 km², the advance of this Areas calculated using Geographic Information System excluding those portions of the protected area that are outside Amazonia. and linguistic support, and community production projects. (2) Calculation of area excludes overlaps between categories employing the following hierarchy: national indirect use; departmental indirect use; national direct use; departmental direct use; national direct/indirect use; transitional use. Overlaps with indigenous territories not excluded. http://www.gaiaamazonas.org frontier has already accounted for more than 17% of the forested Amazon. Estimates suggest that cattle ranching is responsible for 75% of (3) Calculation of area does not exclude overlaps with protected areas. the area deforested. Other pressures include logging, mining, highway expansion and national energy demand translated into hydroelectric (4) Community Lands of Origin total 121,920 km2, of which 69,033 km2 titled and 52,887 km2 undergoing review. (5) plants and agro fuels. National protected areas do not include transitional use areas.