DOCSLIB.ORG

Haseki Sultan Waqf Complex…’, Resources ]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Haseki Sultan Waqf Complex…’, Resources ] Part 1: Early Islamic to Pre-colonial era Week 3: The Ottomans (15th-16th centuries) Emergence of Ottoman Empire “ISLAM: EMPIRE OF FAITH” Episode -- ‘The Ottomans’: rise of empire up to and including the reign of ‘Suleiman the Magnificent’ [excerpts shown in class] Emergence of Ottoman Empire Ottoman ‘Empire’: 14th Century (1350) Ottoman ‘Empire’: 15th Century (1451) Emergence of the Ottoman Empire Emergence of Ottoman Empire timurid1405 Mamluks: c. 1400 Mamluks • “Mamluk” meaning ‘owned’: • slaves taken by rulers Middle East &North Africa • trained as soldiers for armies, administration • widely used Mamluks - 13th Century Egypt: Mamluks replaced Sultan: - leader ‘Baybars’ married Sultan’s wife - brought uncle of former Sultan from Baghdad to Cairo (1260) - established Caliphate - Caliphate did not last long in Cairo but power in region remained in Mamluk hands Mamluks - 1517: conquered by Ottomans (Selim I): - Mamluks left in control of administration - ‘province’ of Ottomans - Continued to support administration through incorporating slaves - Re-emerged as ‘semi-autonomous in 19th century Emergence of Harem: 14th Century • ‘Era of Osman’: • marriage strategic, crossed tribal and religious lines • high degree of symbiosis religious conversions [both Christian and Muslim] • sharing of traditions, ideas, institutions • Nomadic, warrior ideologies ‘Frontier Society’ • [see ‘Document: Ibn Battuta’ in Additional Reading] Emergence of Harem: 14th century • Story of Melik Danismend (Turkish), Artuhi (Armenian) and Efromiya (Greek woman) : • central plot has Efromiya, convert (retaining non-Muslim name) and female, fighting as a man against her own father • Story from Book of Dede Korkut (early chronicle): • Kan Ruali (Turkish, Muslim) loves daughter of tekvur (Byzantine Christian) • they end up together, she saves his life • no indication she converts Osman’s Dream • “Osman’s Dream: For Early Ottomans, history of their empire began with story of Osman and the Shaykh [video] • First recounted in late 15th century, long after Osman’s death • Dream said to have come to him while sleeping in house of traditional holy man (shaykh), Edebali Osman’s Dream • Upon awaking, Osman spoke to the shaykh: • “…I saw you in my dream. A moon arose from your breast. It rose and rose and then descended into my breast. From my navel there sprang a tree. It grew up and turned green. It branched out and got complicated. The shadow of its branches covered the whole world. • What does it mean?” Osman’s Dream • A second version differs slightly: the tree simply ‘sprouted’ and its branches ‘encompassed the world’: • “Beneath this shade there were mountains, and streams flowed forth from the foot of each mountain. Some people drank from these running waters, others watered gardens, while yet others caused fountains to flow.”… Osman’s Dream • And the Shaykh replied: • “Osman, my son, congratulations for the imperial office [bestowed by God] to you and your descendants, and my daughter Malhun shall be your wife.” And with the marriage, he legitimacy of the dynasty was established: Islam was ‘united’ with the state Osman’s Dream • Osman exemplified successful frontier beg (leader): power underpinned by network marriages, alliances • established allies, raided neighbours • married daughter of revered shaykh (who was also dervish) • allied with powerful ‘wonder workers’ (dervish were sufi, branch of mystical Islam) • son married daughter of tekvur , Christian Chief of local village who served as scout and important political ally Mehmed II: ‘the conqueror’ • 15th Century: conquest characterized Empire under Sultan Mehmed II: • Began ‘Ottoman’ practice of fratricide • “And to whomsoever of my sons the Sultanate shall pass, it is fitting that for the order of the world he shall kill his brothers. Most of the ulema allow it. So let them act on this.” • Response to concern over civil strife that threatened empire at death of each sultan – issue of ‘succession’ [same ‘issue’ shaping emerging role of harem, see below] Mehmed II: ‘the conqueror’ Ruled 1451 - 1481 Emergence of Harem: 15th Century • 15th century: century of conquest • War provided slave women • Given as wives to: royal clan, administrators, provincial governors • Gradually replaced traditional system ‘strategic’ marriages • ‘The harem’ grew, occupied increasingly important place in system: concubines, children (boys and girls), attendants (slave servants – including eunuchs) Emergence of Ottoman Empire Mehmed II 1451-81 Selim I 1512-20 Suleiman 1520-66 Conquest of Constantinople 1453 Mehmed II Entering Constantinople [19th C. European Painting] Conquest of Constantinople 1453 Breaching the Walls [19th C. European Painting] Conquest of Constantinople 1453 Ottoman Renditions: Breaching Walls (left) Entering the City (below) Emergence of Harem: 15th Century • Conquest of Constantinople (1453): critical watershed in relations with Europe • Personal ‘ties’ used to integrate European territories • Herzegovina: Lord of the Realm converted, served as Grand Vizier under Mehmet’s son (Bayzid II), married Mehmet’s daughter • Byzantine Eastern Colony: Daughter of ruler entered Sultan’s Harem Emergence of Harem: 15th Century • Conquest of Constantinople (1453): critical watershed for Empire itself • Yielded large number slaves and other wealth [see ‘Documents: ‘Fall of Constantinople]’ in Additional readings] • Became new capital of empire; increasingly urban, ‘sedentarized’ • New Palace “yeni sarayi” buitl (c. 1460 – late 1460s?): named ‘Topkapi’ 19th c. Topkapi Palace: symbol of ‘new’ Ottoman State Topkapi Palace: Symbol of new Ottoman State Site of ‘Eski Yarayi’ – ‘Yeni Yarayi’ – Old Palace New Palace (later Topkapi) Emergence of the Harem: 15th C. • Under Mehmet II: (1444-6; 1451-81): • Court moved to New Palace [hereafter ‘Topkapi] • harem remained housed in ‘old palace’ • ‘Queen Mother (valid sultan) resided with harem Emergence of Harem: 16th C. • Era of ‘The Sedentary Sultan’: Suleiman ‘the Magnificent’ (1520-66) • ‘watershed’ : ‘pinnacle of empire’ [video] • also turning point in terms of Sultan’s role, behaviour • As ‘expansion’ of empire by conquest gave way to ‘consolidation’, successors (Selim II, Murad III, Mehmet III) preferred withdrawal from direct governance, warfare • increasingly Sultan remained in Istanbul, Topkapi Palace Emergence of Harem: 16th C. - For example, Murad III (1575-95): ‘Patron of the Arts’ - first commissioned portraits of sultans to illustrate historical texts - significant: Sultan depicted ‘on his throne’, rather than on horseback - reflected new vision of Sultan’s ‘sedentary’ role - centered power firmly in palace Emergence of Harem: 16th C. - Changes in court life even under Suleiman: - moved significant part of harem, including attendants and servants, into Topkapi Palace (probably by 1534) - brought about important changes: in power, authority of harem vis-à-vis Sultan Emergence of Harem: 16th C. • Once in Topkapi, grew in size: • under Suleiman, numbered 49 • under Selim II (c.1575) more than 70 • ‘older’ women moved back to Old Palace • Topkapi harem ‘retired’ to Old Palace on death of Sultan • By 1600: • Topkapi harem housed 275 women • Old Palace harem, 298 women Emergence of Harem: 16th C. • Palace Harem: • extended Royal Family: ‘active’ concubines, mothers of royal children, valides sultans – said to be 80,000 • many married to janissaries, ‘suitable men of state’ –most being of slave or devshirme origins themselves: manumitted, given dowry • Valides sultans seldom married • became influential centres of their own courts Emergence of Harem: 16th C. Suleiman’s Hurrem Sultan – “Roxalana” -- played major role: Emergence of Harem: 16th C. • Suleiman’s Hurrem Sultan – former concubine, “Roxalanna”: • from western Ukraine: captured by Crimean Tartar slave traders, sold into royal Harem, Instanbul • became Suleiman’s ‘favourite’: gave birth to Mehmed, becoming ‘haseki’ (mother of a prince) • potential challenger to Suleiman’s first son (with now- displaced haseki), Mustapha Emergence of Harem: 16th C. • Broke with Tradition: • Received more than four times the ‘salary’ of other haseki • ‘one concubine – one child’ was norm to avoid earlier fraternal struggles over succession: she had four more sons and a daughter between 1522 and 1531 • Also ‘illegal’: according to Islamic law, once concubine is umm walad, she has special status – no longer ‘slave’ therefore no longer eligible as concubine • Usually removed herself with prince when sent to ‘provinces’ to train and await possibility of acceding to throne (as Suleiman’s first haseki did with their son Mustapha): Hurrem spent life at court with Suleiman Emergence of Harem: 16th C. • Broke with Tradition: • Hurem was freed, then married (by contract) to Suleiman 1533-4 • Received huge dowry (5,000 gold ducats annually), "grand apartments… 100 servants, clothes worth 100,000 ducats” • Said to have assured that potential concubine competitors (the most beautiful) were rapidly married off and out of harem: Suleiman monogamous: “unheard of for a Sultan” • Took valide sultan’s role on death of Suleiman’s mother Emergence of Harem: 16th C. • Broke with Tradition: • (Pierce explains): role of ‘mother to the Sultan’ and ‘mother of the Prince’ kept distinct -- occupied by different women any given moment. Clearly identified where ‘loyalties’ lay. • Also true of Sultan: ‘love’ (loyalty) was to be guarded solely for his people – hence there should be no ‘wife’ to challenge that commitment. Concubines were to be many and were intended
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Selim I–Mehmet Vi)
    CHRONOLOGY (SELIM I–MEHMET VI) Years of Sultan Important dates reign 1512–1520 Selim I Conquest of Egypt, Selim assumes the title of Caliph (1517) 1520–1566 Süleyman Vienna sieged (1529); War with Venice (1537–1540); Annexation of Hungary (1541) 1566–1574 Selim II Ottoman navy loses the battle of Lepanto (1571) 1574–1595 Murad III Janissary revolts (1589 and 1591–1592) 1595–1603 Mehmed III War with Austria continues (1595– ) 1603–1617 Ahmed I War with Austria ends; Buda is recovered (1604) 1617–1622 Osman II Janissaries murder Osman (1622) 1622–1623 Mustafa I Janissary Revolt (1622) 1623–1640 Murad IV Baghdad recovered (1638); War with Iran (1624–1639) 1640–1648 İbrahim I War with Venice (1645); Assassination of İbrahim (1648) 1648–1687 Mehmed IV Janissary dominance in Istanbul and anar- chy (1649–1651); War with Venice continues (1663); War with Austria, and siege of Vienna (1683) 1687–1691 Süleyman II Janissary revolt (1687); Austria’s occupation of Belgrade (1688) 1691–1695 Ahmed II War with Austria (1694) 1695–1703 Mustafa II Treaty of Karlowitz (1699); Janissary revolt and deposition of Mustafa (1703) 1703–1730 Ahmed III Refuge of Karl XII (1709); War with Venice (1714–1718); War with Austria (1716); Treaty of Passarowitz (1718); ix x REFORMING OTTOMAN GOVERNANCE Tulip Era (1718–1730) 1730–1754 Mahmud I War with Russia and Austria (1736–1759) 1754–1774 Mustafa III War with Russia (1768); Russian Fleet in the Aegean (1770); Inva- sion of the Crimea (1771) 1774–1789 Abdülhamid I Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (1774); War with Russia (1787)
    [Show full text]
  • Suleiman the Magnificent Rules During a Golden Age
    2/5/2019 Big Idea Suleiman the Magnificent rules during a Golden Age. Essential Question How did Suleiman the Magnificent gain and maintain power? 1 2/5/2019 Words To Know Sultan – the leader of the Ottoman Empire, like a emperor or a king. Golden Age – a period of great wealth (money), prosperity, cultural and scientific achievement in areas such as art, science, literature and math. Magnificent - very good or excellent Caliph - the successor to Muhammad as the political and religious leader of the Muslims. Let’s Set The Stage… Suleiman the Magnificent was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire and Caliph of Islam from 1520 to 1566. Ottoman power reached its height and became a world power under his rule. His rule represented one of the most orderly (peaceful) periods of Ottoman history. While Suleiman was known as "the Magnificent" in the West, he was known as the "The Lawgiver" to his own Ottoman subjects. He was known as “The Lawgiver” because of how he ruled his empire. 2 2/5/2019 Suleiman Takes the Throne Suleiman's early career helped to prepare him for the day he would become Sultan. While still a teenager, he was appointed governor of Kaffa. As governor, he learned how politics and the law worked. Suleiman also learned about different cultures and places in the empire. In 1520, Suleiman's father died and Suleiman became the new Sultan of the Ottoman Empire at the age of 26. 3 2/5/2019 Suleiman Expands the Ottoman Empire Upon assuming the throne, Suleiman began military campaigns to expand his empire.
    [Show full text]
  • The Empress Nurbanu and Ottoman Politics in the Sixteenth Century
    The Empress Nurbanu and Ottoman Politics in the Sixteenth Century Nurbanu (1525–1583) is one of the most prominent yet least studied royal women of the Ottoman dynasty. Her political and administrative career began when she was chosen as the favorite concubine of the crown prince Selim. Nur- banu’s authority increased when her son Murad was singled out as crown prince. By 1574, when her son, Murad III became Sultan, Nurbanu officially took on the title of Valide Sultan, or Queen Mother, holding the highest office of the impe- rial harem until her death in 1583. This book concentrates on the Atik Valide mosque complex, which consti- tutes the architectural embodiment of Nurbanu’s prestige, power and piety. The arrangement of the chapters is designed to enable readers to reconsider Ottoman imperial patronage practices of the late sixteenth century using the architectural enterprise of a remarkable woman as the common thread. Chapter 1 provides a general history of the wqaf institution to inform on its origins and evolution. Chapter 2 looks closely at the political dealings of Nurbanu, both in the domestic and the international sphere, building upon research concerning Ottoman royal women and power dynamics of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Chapter 3 presents a textual analysis of the written records pertaining to Nurbanu’s impe- rial mosque complex. Chapter 4 examines the distinctive physical qualities and functional features of the Atik Valide within its urban context. The book con- cludes by assessing to what extent Nurbanu was involved in the representation of her power and piety through the undertaking of her eponymous monument.
    [Show full text]
  • Ottoman Women in Public Urban Spaces
    Ottoman Women in Public Urban Spaces Master’s Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University Department of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies, and Women and Gender Studies Kanan Makiya, Advisor In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Master’s Degree by Emily Baum August 2012 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I offer my sincerest gratitude to my advisor, Professor Kanan Makiya, who has supported me throughout my thesis with his patience and knowledge while still allowing me the room to work in my own way. His encouragement and effort was vital to the survival of this project and without him, this thesis would not have been completed or written. As well, Professors Sarah Lamb, ChaeRan Freeze, and Bernadette Brooten have offered much advice and insight throughout my work. I would also like to thank Shannon Hunt for dealing with my many moments of panic about this project and her ever-present support over the past year. As well, I would like to thank the departments of Near Eastern and Judaic Studies and Women and Gender Studies for providing the support and resources I have needed to produce and complete my thesis. Finally, I would like to thank my family and friends for supporting me throughout all my studies. This would have been impossible without their support and love. Emily Baum ii Abstract Ottoman Women in Public Urban Spaces A thesis presented to the Near Eastern and Judaic Studies, and Women and Gender Studies Departments Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Brandeis University Waltham, Massachusetts By Emily Baum This paper seeks to examine women’s interactions with urban spaces in the Ottoman Empire.
    [Show full text]
  • REPAIR PHASES of SULEYMANIYE COMPLEX in DAMASCUS Neriman ŞAHİN GÜÇHAN*, Ayşe Esin KULELİ**
    REPAIRMETU JFA PHASES 2018/2 OF SULEYMANIYE COMPLEX IN DAMASCUS DOI:METU 10.4305/METU.JFA.2018.2.3 JFA 2018/2 1 (35:2) 1-28 REPAIR PHASES OF SULEYMANIYE COMPLEX IN DAMASCUS Neriman ŞAHİN GÜÇHAN*, Ayşe Esin KULELİ** Received: 09.02.2016; Final Text: 03.11.2017 INTRODUCTION Keywords: Süleymaniye Complex in Damascus; Mimar Sinan; Ottoman; Suleymaniye Complex which was commissioned by Sultan Suleiman the restoration. Magnificent (1495–1566) on the pilgrimage route from Istanbul to Mecca, 1. The first version of this paper was on the bank of the River Barada as the last stop before the desert is one of delivered in the Sinan & His Age Symposium the monuments designed by Mimar Sinan in accordance with the principles but not published. The second version of the study is published as sections of a book of the Ottoman classical period. “Takiyah Suleymaniye” was built between written by the authors and published in 1554 and 1559 on the site that was once occupied by the palace outside 2009. Then this concise and revised version of the article is written in English in 2016 the walls of Damascus commissioned by Memluk ruler Baibars in 1264. It with the addition of some new findings. For is composed of the Mosque, two Tabhanes (hospices), Caravanserais, the more information on evidence, documents Imaret (public soup kitchen), the Madrasa and the Arasta (bazaar) (Kuran, and opinions see: (Şahin Güçhan and Kuleli, 2009). 1986, 69; Necipoğlu, 2005, 222-30) (Figure 1). This paper (1) aims to study the construction and restoration phases of the Complex in chronologically ordered periods by associating the historical documents and researches with the findings and traces in the building (Şahin Güçhan and Kuleli, 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • Age of Hadice Turhan Sultan, Women and Gender in the Early Modern World (Hampshire, UK: Ashgate Ltd 2007), 346 Pp., £60.00, ISBN 978 0 754 63310 5
    452 Book Reviews / Journal of Early Modern History 12 (2008) 443-466 Th ys-Senoçak, Lucienne, Ottoman Women Builders. Th e Architectural Patron- age of Hadice Turhan Sultan, Women and Gender in the Early Modern World (Hampshire, UK: Ashgate Ltd 2007), 346 pp., £60.00, ISBN 978 0 754 63310 5. Ottoman royal women and the manner in which they could express them- selves and confirm their own and their family’s political and religious leg- acy through architectural patronage, is a fairly new area of interest within the field of Ottoman studies that has recently been touched upon by schol- ars such as Amy Singer, Leslie Pierce and Fairchild Ruggles. Th e work of Lucienne Th ys-Senoçak on the architectural patronage of Hadice Turhan Sultan contributes to this field with a multidisciplinary approach, illus- trated by several original documents, transcriptions, translations, drawings and historical photographs, many of which are published for the first time in this work. Th e introduction is a clearly written overview of how and why the author has made use of the broad variety of approaches in her work. It is followed by a chapter that describes Turhan Sultan’s life, rising from an anonymous concubine to become valide sultan (the sultan’s mother), based on the information available in both Ottoman and European archival material and chronicles. Th is portrait is well complemented by compari- sons between the strategies for patronage and visibility used to obtain political and religious legacy by Turhan Sultan and those of other women in a similar position. Here, the author refers not only to her predecessors (Hasseki Hürrem, Mirimah, Safiye and Kösem Sultan) but also to European royal women such as Catharine and Maria de Medici and Elizabeth I.
    [Show full text]
  • The Politics of Philanthropy
    JOURNAL OF MUSLIM PHILANTHROPY & CIVIL SOCIETY 2 THE POLITICS OF PHILANTHROPY Amy Singer Tel Aviv University In any era, there is a politics of philanthropy that informs the way practitioners make decisions about benevolent actions. At the same time, there is a politics of philanthropy that shapes the way in which people think and write about philanthropy, whether they are scholars or popular authors. This discussion first provides succinct working definitions of key terms and institutions related to Muslim philanthropy. It then examines how the study of Muslim philanthropy has changed in response to the current politics of philanthropy. Ottoman imperial philanthropy provides well-documented historical examples of how the politics of philanthropy shaped choices about benevolence projects. The examples in this article are based on my own research and the publications of other scholars of Ottoman history. The advantage of the Ottoman case lies in the variety of evidence available, including the physical presence of many large, endowed building complexes, together with their endowment deeds and documentation of their functioning over time. A careful study of these endowments makes it possible to illustrate what the politics of philanthropy entailed for the Ottomans and also raises more general questions for consideration in other contexts. Deemphasizing the state as the necessary framework for politics, while acknowledging a politics of philanthropy, opens up rich possibilities for deciphering the ways in which specific benevolent actions are inseparable from the complex social, economic, and cultural interactions that configure human behavior. Keywords: Muslim philanthropy, politics of philanthropy, Ottoman history, benevolence Introduction This article claims that in any era there is a politics of philanthropy that informs the way practitioners make decisions about benevolent actions.
    [Show full text]
  • 15 Volume24 Issue3 December
    Cumhuriyet İlahiyat Dergisi - Cumhuriyet Theology Journal ISSN: 2528-9861 e-ISSN: 2528-987X December / Aralık 2020, 24 (3): 1263-1284 Sultan II. Abdülhamid'in Eşleri ve Nikâh Meselesi Wives of Sultan Abdülhamid II and The Issue of Their Marriages Mustafa Ateş Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesi, İslam Hukuku Anabilim Dalı Assistant Professor, Kütahya Dumlupınar University, Faculty of Islamic Sciences Department of Islamic Law Kütahya, Turkey [email protected] orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7449-5454 Abdullah Erdem Taş Dr. Öğr. Üyesi, Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesi İslam Tarihi Anabilim Dalı Assistant Professor, Kütahya Dumlupınar University Faculty of Islamic Sciences Department of Islamic History Kütahya, Turkey [email protected] orcid.org/ 0000-0002-2680-7713 ArticleInformation / Makale Bilgisi Article Types / Makale Türü: Research Article / Araştırma Makalesi Received / Geliş Tarihi: 11 August /Ağustos 2020 Accepted / Kabul Tarihi: 11 December /Kasım 2020 Published / Yayın Tarihi: 15 December / Aralık 2020 Pub Date Season / Yayın Sezonu: December /Aralık Volume / Cilt: 24 Issue / Sayı: 3 Pages / Sayfa: 1263-1284 Cite as / Atıf: Ateş, Mustafa – Taş, Abdullah Erdem “Sultan II. Abdülhamid'in Eşleri ve Nikâh Meselesi [Wives of Sultan Abdülhamid II and The Issue of Their Marriages]”. Cumhuriyet İla- hiyat Dergisi-Cumhuriyet Theology Journal 24/3 (Aralık 2020): 1263-1284. https://doi.org/10.18505/cuid.779316 1264 | Mustafa Ateş – Abdullah Erdem Taş. Sultan II. Abdülhamid'in Eşleri ve Nikâh Meselesi Wives of Sultan Abdülhamid II and The Issue of Their Marriages Abstract: The concubines, with whom the sultans lived a family life, were classified according to a certain hierarchy in the Harem.
    [Show full text]
  • Karagöz Üsküdar'da Neler Görmüş?
    ULUSLARARASI ÜSKÜDAR SEMPOZYUMU VIII 21-23 Kasım 2014 B İ LDİ R İ LER C İ LT I EDİTÖRLER DR. COŞKUN YILMAZ DOÇ. DR. CENGİZ TOMAR DR. UĞUR DEMİR KÜDA ÜS R ULUSLARARASI ÜSKÜDAR SEMPOZYUMU VIII Yayın Kurulu Prof. Dr. Mehmet Âkif Aydın / Dr. Coşkun Yılmaz Prof. Dr. Mehmet İpşirli / Prof. Dr. Ahmet Emre Bilgili Prof. Dr. Erhan Afyoncu / Prof. Dr. Mustafa S. Küçükaşcı Prof. Dr. Halis Yunus Ersöz İmla ve Tashih Yrd. Doç. Dr. Ahmet Karataş Fotoğraf Üsküdar Belediyesi / SMEY Kenan Koca / A. Bilal Arslan / A. Fatih Yılmaz M. Esat Coşkun / Tebliğ Sahipleri Tasarım SMEY Grafik Uygulama Ender Boztürk Renk Ayrımı Bülent Avnamak Baskı Cilt Dörtbudak Yayınları Mecidiyeköy Mah. Kervangeçmez Sk. İnci Apt. Şişli/İst. İstanbul 2015 ISBN 978-605-84934-9-0 (Tk) ISBN 978-605-9719-00-1 (1.c) Telif Hakları Üsküdar Belediyesi’ne aittir. ÜSKÜDAR BELEDİYESİ Mimar Sinan Mah. Hakimiyet-i Milliye Cad. No: 35 Üsküdar/İstanbul Tel. +90 (216) 531 30 00 • +90 (216) 531 31 03 www.uskudar.bel.tr KARAGÖZ ÜSKÜDAR’DA NELER GÖRMÜŞ? PROF. DR. FETHİ GEDİ KLİ İstanbul Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Bu bildiride S. F. (Sin Fe)nin kaleme aldığı Karagöz Neler Görmüş? Karagöz Üsküdarda adlı kitapçığı tahlil edip sonra da metni Latin harfleriyle vereceğiz. İstanbul’da 1 (11)da Yeni Osmanlılar Matbaası’nda basılan 1 sayfadan ibaret bu kitapçıkta yazar, Karagöz ve Hacıvat’ı vapurla Üsküdar’ı gezmeğe çıkarır. Bu seyahatte Karagöz ile Ha- cıvat Üsküdar’ın dikkat çeken yerlerini gezerler ve Kız Kulesi, Şemsi Paşa, Tımarhane, Üsküdar adının kökü, Nurbanu Valide Sultan ve şair Sirrî-i Üsküdarî hakkında konu- şarak okuyucuya bilgi verirler.
    [Show full text]
  • Women and Power: Female Patrons of Architecture in 16Th and 17Th Century Istanbul1
    Women and Power: Female Patrons of Architecture in 16th and 17th Century Istanbul1 Firuzan Melike Sümertas ̧ Anadolu University, Eskisehir, ̧ TÜRKlYE ̇ The aim of this paper is to discuss and illustrate the visibility of Ottoman imperial women in relation to their spatial presence and contribution to the architecture and cityscape of sixteenth and seventeenth century Istanbul. The central premise of the study is that the Ottoman imperial women assumed and exercised power and influence by various means but became publicly visible and acknowledged more through architectural patronage. The focus is on Istanbul and a group of buildings and complexes built under the sponsorship of court women who resided in the Harem section of Topkapı Palace. The case studies built in Istanbul in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are examined in terms of their location in the city, the layout of the complexes, the placement and plan of the individual buildings, their orientation, mass characteristics and structural properties. It is discussed whether female patronage had any recognizable consequences on the Ottoman Classical Architecture, and whether female patrons had any impact on the building process, selection of the site and architecture. These complexes, in addition, are discussed as physical manifestation and representation of imperial female power. Accordingly it is argued that, they functioned not only as urban regeneration projects but also as a means to enhance and make imperial female identity visible in a monumental scale to large masses in different parts of the capital. Introduction Historical study, since the last quarter of the 20th The study first summarizes outlines the role of women century has concentrated on recognizing, defining, in the Ottoman society.
    [Show full text]
  • Running Head: Correspondence of Ottoman Women
    Correspondence of Ottoman Women 1 Running head: Correspondence of Ottoman Women The Correspondence of Ottoman Women during the Early Modern Period (16th-18th centuries): Overview on the Current State of Research, Problems, and Perspectives Marina Lushchenko Department of French, Hispanic and Italian Studies University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada Correspondence of Ottoman Women 2 Abstract My main goal is to investigate problems and possible perspectives related to studies in Ottoman women’s epistolarity (16th-18th centuries). The paper starts with a review of the current state of research in this area. I then go on to discuss some of the major problems confronting researchers. Ottoman female epistolarity also offers many directions that future research may take. A socio-historical approach contributes to shed new light on the roles Ottoman women played within the family and society. A cultural approach or a gender-based approach can also provide interesting insight into Ottoman women’s epistolarity. Moreover, the fast computerization of scholarly activity suggests creating an electronic archive of Ottoman women’s letters in order to attract the attention of a wider scholarly audience to this field of research. Correspondence of Ottoman Women 3 INTRODUCTION In recent years researchers working in the field of gender studies have started to pay special attention to the place that letter-writing held in early modern women’s lives. As a source, letters provide, indeed, an incomparable insight into women’s thoughts, emotions and experiences, and help to make important advances towards a better understanding and evaluation of female education and literacy, social and gender interactions as well as roles played by women within the family circle, in society and, often, on the political stage.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Turks and Europe by Gaston Gaillard London: Thomas Murby & Co
    THE TURKS AND EUROPE BY GASTON GAILLARD LONDON: THOMAS MURBY & CO. 1 FLEET LANE, E.C. 1921 1 vi CONTENTS PAGES VI. THE TREATY WITH TURKEY: Mustafa Kemal’s Protest—Protests of Ahmed Riza and Galib Kemaly— Protest of the Indian Caliphate Delegation—Survey of the Treaty—The Turkish Press and the Treaty—Jafar Tayar at Adrianople—Operations of the Government Forces against the Nationalists—French Armistice in Cilicia—Mustafa Kemal’s Operations—Greek Operations in Asia Minor— The Ottoman Delegation’s Observations at the Peace Conference—The Allies’ Answer—Greek Operations in Thrace—The Ottoman Government decides to sign the Treaty—Italo-Greek Incident, and Protests of Armenia, Yugo-Slavia, and King Hussein—Signature of the Treaty – 169—271 VII. THE DISMEMBERMENT OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: 1. The Turco-Armenian Question - 274—304 2. The Pan-Turanian and Pan-Arabian Movements: Origin of Pan-Turanism—The Turks and the Arabs—The Hejaz—The Emir Feisal—The Question of Syria—French Operations in Syria— Restoration of Greater Lebanon—The Arabian World and the Caliphate—The Part played by Islam - 304—356 VIII. THE MOSLEMS OF THE FORMER RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND TURKEY: The Republic of Northern Caucasus—Georgia and Azerbaïjan—The Bolshevists in the Republics of Caucasus and of the Transcaspian Isthmus—Armenians and Moslems - 357—369 IX. TURKEY AND THE SLAVS: Slavs versus Turks—Constantinople and Russia - 370—408 2 THE TURKS AND EUROPE I THE TURKS The peoples who speak the various Turkish dialects and who bear the generic name of Turcomans, or Turco-Tatars, are distributed over huge territories occupying nearly half of Asia and an important part of Eastern Europe.
    [Show full text]