Updated: 6/1/2016 Cataloging of Chinese Gazetteers Procedures
The C.V. Starr East Asian Library has a big collection of Chinese local gazetteers. The contemporary local gazetteers collection is classed in LC classification, class DS, under provinces, cities, or counties, etc. The older gazetteers collection transferred from the Center for Chinese Studies Library (CCSL) has locally assigned 2nd cutter, A15, after the DS classification number. These items are shelved at the beginning of all publications under a specific province, cities, or counties, e.g., DS793.H8 A15 2001. However, the later acquired publications are classified strictly according to the LC classification. They are not shelved together with the older gazetteers that have the “A15” cutter. Since LC classification does not have a special cutter for gazetteers under each province, city and county, the new gazetteers are interfiled with the other Chinese history publications under the specific province, city and county. In November 2015, we decided to set up a new local cataloging policy to enhance the bibliographic records and shelve all the Chinese gazetteers together.
Our original idea was to group all the gazetteers together by applying: 1) 2nd cutter, A15, after the LC classification number and a 1st cutter after the Sheng, cities or counties. 2) Add one or two numerals for the coverage year based on the locally created time periods table after the 2nd cutter, A15.
But the application does not work. When the gazetteer is published in parts and the parts have the same coverage years and published years, the call numbers are the same. The “A15” cutter may have conflict with cutters for titles that start with a numeral.
New Procedure: (See individual section for detail.) 1) Take the class number from the LC Classification. 2) 1st cutter: a) Follow the LC Classification to assign the 1st cutter. b) Add “2,” “3,” or “6” for “gazetteers” accordingly from LC Classification DS-DX2, DS-DX4 tables after the 1st cutter. Even though LC classification does not have the instruction to assign cutter from tables for DS781 to DS797.88, we apply the idea for the local gazetteers. c) Add the ending coverage year of the content from the local Time Periods Table after the number for gazetteers. Since LC does not have any further time period subdivision for gazetteers, this application is useful. 3) 2nd cutter: Assign 2nd cutter based on whether it is a general gazetteer or has specific topic. a) General gazetteers: assign a local cutter “A2-A29” based on the order of receiving the publication. b) Gazetteers that has specific topics: Add a 2nd cutter based on the authorized access point: i) creator, or, ii) work title if there is no creator.
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Updated: 6/1/2016 4) Published year Add published year at the end of the classification number.
Core Elements
At a minimum, a Chinese Gazetteers description for a work, expression, manifestation, or item should include all the applicable and readily ascertainable core elements that are required by RDA (RDA 06). The following additional elements are added as local core elements in order to meet the local requirements for organizing and managing Chinese Gazetteers collection.
Recording Attributes of Manifestation and Item Variant form of title for parts or portion of the title, represented by MARC21 field 246
Recording Attributes of Work and Expression
Language Codes, represented by MARC21 041
Geographic Area Code, represented by MARC21 043
Coverage of the Content, represented by MARC21 520
Field 520, 1st indicator 2, 2nd indicator blank, coverage note is added if the title or part title does not indicate the content years. Since Millennium does not display the OCLC constant “Scope and content,” we need to add the word “Coverage” at the beginning of the note.
For example: 520 2 Coverage includes data from 1995 to 2012. 520 2 Coverage includes data from 2001 to 2015; chronological events from 1946 to 2013. Recording Subject Relationships
Topic matters
650 0 Specific topics ǂz Place name ǂx History. (parallel field)
Geographical matters
651 0 Place name ǂx History. (parallel field) 651 0 Place name ǂv Gazetteers. (parallel field) (Enter parallel fields for ǂz Place name, in Chinese characters and code the 2nd indicator as “4”.
For example, 651 parallel fields, 651 4 福建省(China) ǂv Gazetteers. 651 0 Fujian Sheng (China) ǂv Gazetteers.
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Updated: 6/1/2016 Recording local information
Local Added Entry – Uniform Title for the Gazetteers Collection, represented by MARC21 799
799, subfield a, is used for the Gazetteers Collection, and subfield 5 for the East Asian Library’s MARC Code for Organizations. Subfield a is indexed in the title index.
For example: 799 0 Chinese Gazetteers Collection. ǂ5 CU-EAST
(Our original proposal was to create a local genre, e.g. 655 7 Gazetteers ǂz China. ǂ2 fast ǂ0 (OCoLC)fst01423817 ǂ5 CU-EAST. However, the FAST term cannot be geographically subdivided. It has to be in two 655 fields. One for Gazetteers and one for China. The second proposal was to have a local genre, a 655 with 2nd indicator 4, e.g. 655 4 Chinese gazetteers. ǂ5 CU-EAST. The 655, 2nd indicator 4 is not included in the Millennium load table yet. It takes time to submit a request and get approval. On the other hand, field 655, 2nd indicator 7, with ǂ2 local, is no longer a valid code. Therefore, we decided to use local uniform title instead. The field is already in the Millennium index table and it is more flexible to decide on the collection’s title. We do need to maintain a collection titles table to keep track of what collections we have and keep the titles in the records consistent. The same idea can be used by the Japanese and Korean collections.)
Local OPAC Note, represented by MARC21 949 subfield x
Add subfield x, “Gazetteers Collection” as local item record OPAC note
949 ǂz create call number field 090 for the item record; ǂa and b for call numer; ǂx opac note ǂt item type; ǂl location; ǂv label location.
For example:
949 1ǂz 090 ǂa DS793.F8283 ǂb F8546 2012 ǂx Gazetteers Collection ǂt 1 ǂl ea ǂv EAST
Call Number (Updated Mar. 16, 2016)
Call Number For Admin. Level 1, First Order Administrative Division Places: Provinces, Dependencies, and Regions (省, 自治区) (Updated Mar. 16, 2016) (see Illustration for example of full OCLC record)
1) Class number and 1st cutter a) Take the class number and 1st cutter for provinces, dependencies, and regions in the LC Classification, e.g. .F8 for Fujian Sheng Page 3 of 27
Updated: 6/1/2016 For provinces, dependencies, regions, etc. see DS793 .A-Z. For national municipalities and special administrative regions see DS795-796
b) Extend the 1st Cutter Borrow the idea from table for DS-DX2 (table for countries and regions with cutter number). From the table, “DS-DX2, .x2” is for “Description and travel. Guidebooks. Gazetteers.” Add the number “2” at the end of the cutter for Sheng. That means the “2” after the Sheng’s cutter is reserved for gazetteers, e.g. .F8 2, for Fujian Sheng gazetteer.
c) Based on the locally created Table for Time Periods, add the number for the ending coverage year of the content, e.g., .F8 2 6 for Fujian Sheng gazetteer, content up to 2005.
Table for Time Periods
Sui Dynasty (580-618) 2 Tang Dynasty (623-907) 22 Five Dynasties & Ten Kingdoms (907-960) 23 Song Dynasty (960-1279) 24 Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) 25 Liao Dynasty (907-1115) 26
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Updated: 6/1/2016 Western Xia Dynasty (1038-1227) 27 Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279) 28 Jin Dynasty (1115-1234) Western Xia Dynasty (1038-1227) Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368) 29 Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) 3 32- Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) 33 Republic of China 34 People's Republic of China (1949-1978) 4 People's Republic of China (1979-1998) 5 People's Republic of China (1999-2018) 6 People's Republic of China (2019-2039) 7
2) 2nd Cutter Assign the 2nd cutter depends on whether the publication is a general gazetteer or has specific topic.
a) General gazetteers: assign a local cutter “A2-A29” based on the order of receiving the publication.
b) Gazetteers that has specific topics: Add a 2nd cutter based on the authorized access point: i) creator, or, ii) work title if there is no creator.
If the title is published in multivolume parts, each part has its own topic, and all parts have a common title in 245, subfield a, then add the 2nd cutter based on subfield p, part title. Try to use one digit for subfield a if possible. We try to avoid super long cutter.
EAL’s Public Services prefer to have all volumes in the set shelved together. This local procedure makes each volume classed separately but are shelved together. When a new set is published, assign the 2nd cutter differently so that the new set is shelved after the earlier set. This is based on the condition that the volume of the new set has the same common title, part title, different coverage ending year but the time period number from the Time Periods Table is the same as the earlier set. For example, 2nd cutter of the earlier set is .F86 versus .F863 for the later set.
Extension: Extend another digit based on the 2nd word of the part title if needed to distinguish parts that have similar part titles.
3) Published Year: Add the published year at the end of the class number.
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Updated: 6/1/2016 EXAMPLES
Province gazetteer (省), general gazetteer, no specific topic:
Title: Fujian Sheng zhi, published in 2000, coverage year up to 1978.
DS793 – from classification for History of Asia—China—Local history and description— Provinces, dependencies, regions, etc. A-Z.
.F824 - .F8 is for Fujian Sheng, - 2 is the number from the DS-DX table for gazetteers. - 4 is from the Time Periods Table for ending coverage year 1978.
A2 - A2 for general gazetteers.
2000 – published year.
The whole call number is:
DS 793 .F826 A2 2010
Province gazetteer (省) that has specific topic:
Title: Fujian Sheng zhi. Gong an zhi (1990-2005), published in 2011,
(福建省志. 公安志)
DS793 - from classification for History of Asia—China—Local history and description— Provinces, dependencies, regions, etc. A-Z.
.F826 - .F8 is for Fujian Sheng, - 2 is the number from the DS-DX table for gazetteers. - 6 is from the Time Periods Table for ending coverage year 2005.
F86 - F8, is based on 245 subfield a, Fuijian - 6 is the second cutter based on, 245 subfield p, part title “Gong.”
2011 – published year.
The whole call number is:
DS 793
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Updated: 6/1/2016 .F826 F86 2011
Call Number for Places Below Admin.1 Level of Administrative District : Cities, Towns, Counties, Etc. (Shi, Xian, Zhen (市, 县, 镇) [Updated Mar. 9, 2016]
1) Class number and 1st cutter a) Take the class number and 1st cutter for cities, towns, counties, prefectures, arranged by province in the LC Classification, DS797.22.A-797.88.Z. Xian, Zhen, and Cun are cuttered under Shi. b) Extend 1st Cutter: i) Borrow the idea from table for DS-DX4 (table for cities with cutter number). From the table, “DS-DX4, .x3” is for “Guidebooks. Gazetteers. Directories.” Add the number “3” at the end of the cutter for cities, counties, etc. That means the “3” after the city’s cutter is reserved for gazetteers.
** Use the cutter number established by Library of Congress. If Classification Web does not have the cutter assigned, search on Classification Web by LC Subject Correction. The LC cutters Page 7 of 27
Updated: 6/1/2016 are also recorded in the locally created Excel file, Geo.
If the EAL collection has a different cutter assigned for the same place name, change the cutter of the items in the collection to the LC assigned cutter, unless there are more than 3 titles. ii) Based on the locally created Table for Time Periods, add the numbers for the ending coverage year of the content after the “3” for gazetteers.
2) 2nd Cutter: Assign the 2nd cutter depends on whether the publication is a general gazetteer or has specific topic.
a) General gazetteers: assign a local cutter “A2-A29” based on the order of receiving the publication.
b) Gazetteers that has specific topics: Add a 2nd cutter based on the authorized access point: i) creator, or, ii) work title if there is no creator.
If the title is published in multivolume parts and all parts have a common title in 245, subfield a, then add the 2nd cutter based on subfield p, part title. Use one digit for the subfield a if possible. Add another one or two digits for the 1st word of subfield p. The idea is to let the whole set shelved together but each part is actually classified separately.
Extension: Extend another digit based on the 2nd word of the part title if needed to distinguish parts that have similar part titles.
4) Published Year:
Add the published year at the end of the class number.
For example:
Title: Huixian Shi wei sheng zhi; coverage includes data from 1949 to 2010; published in 2012 辉县市卫生志 (Henan Sheng)
DS797.44 - from classification for History of Asia—China—Local history and description—Other cities, towns, counties, prefectures, arranged by province (A-Z)
.H8536 - 85 is for Huixian Shi; - 3 is the number from the DS-DX table 4 for gazetteers. - is based on the locally created Table for Time Periods for gazetteers’ ending coverage. H85 - “85” is the second cutter based on, 245, subfield a.
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Updated: 6/1/2016 2012 – published year.
Full call number is: DS 797.44 .H8536 H85 2012
Call Number for Sections, Districts, Suburbs, etc. [区] [Updated Mar. 10, 2016]
1) Class number and 1st cutter
a) Take the call number and 1st cutter for cities, towns, counties, prefectures, arranged by province in the LC Classification, DS797.22.A-797.88.Z.
b) Expand 1st Cutter:
Borrow the idea from table for DS-DX4 (table for cities with cutter number), Sections, Districts, Suburbs, etc.. Add the number “6” at the end of the cutter for cities, counties, etc., for sections, districts, or suburbs gazetteers.
b) Based on the locally created Table for Time Periods, add the numbers for the beginning coverage year of the content after the “6” for gazetteers.
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Updated: 6/1/2016
2) 2nd Cutter: Assign the 2nd cutter depends on whether the publication is a gazetteer for collective districts or individual district.
For collective sections, districts, suburbs: add A2-A29. For individual section, district suburbs: add A3-Z for individual section, districts, suburbs, etc.
For example, for individual district: 鼓樓区地方志 (南京市), coverage year 1999 to 2013, published in 2014
DS797.56 – from LC Classification, Jiangsu Sheng
.N36566 – N365 from Classification for Nanjing Shi – 6 is the number from the DS-DX table 4 for Sections, districts, suburbs. - the 2nd 6 is for coverage ending year 2013.
G38 – 38 is from Table DS-DX 4, individual sections, districts or suburbs, A-Z.
2014 – published year.
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Updated: 6/1/2016 The call number is: DS 797.56 .N36566 G38 2014
9xx Fields For Millennium in OCLC Client MARC Record
1) Add 907 and 949 fields at the end of the MARC record in OCLC Client for matching Millennium order record when exporting, and create item records for the title.
For example: 907 .b230975951 949 *recs=oclcexport; 949 1ǂz 090 ǂa DS793.F8283 ǂb F858 2013 ǂi C115310204 ǂx Gazetteers Collection ǂt 1 ǂl ea ǂv EAST
2) Add cataloger’s initial and catalog date at the end of the record before export from Connexion Client to Millennium. A macro can be set up in Connexion to generate a date and add the cataloger’s initial.
For example: 956 20160201 ǂb st
PLACE NAME GEOGRAPHIC QUALIFIER ISSUES
In general, search LC Authority File and GeoNet to verify the place name. Follow LC’s guidelines to add qualifiers for place names that are the same in pinyin. a) Unique place name – Add “(China)” as the qualifier after the place name. b) Same in pinyin, same administrative division but in different provinces – Add “[Province], China” after the place name. For example, Wuchuan Xian (Guangdong Sheng, China). [吴川县 (广东省, China)] c) Same in pinyin, same administrative division in same province, different immediate jurisdiction – Add “[immediate jurisdiction], China”. For example, Yiliang Xian (Zhaotong Shi, China). [彝良县 (昭通市, China)] d) Local district in a city – Add “[city], China”. For example, Xinzhou Qu (Wuhan Shi, China). [新 洲区 (武汉市, China). e) Subdistrict in local district – Add “[district, city], China”. For example, Zhucheng Jie (Xinzhou Qu, Wuhan Shi, China). [邾城街 (新洲区, 武汉市, China)]
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Updated: 6/1/2016 The following resources are consulted to establish the appropriate assess point for place names:
OCLC Name Authority Database, GeoNames, RDA chapter 16; LC-PCC PS, And LC Romanization of Chinese Geographic Names in Descriptive and Subject Headings (updated April 26, 2007),
Issues RDA 16.2.2.12’s instruction is to record the country only as the qualifier of a place name.
RDA 16.2.2.12, optional instruction says: Record the name of a state, province, or highest-level administration division preceding the name of the country). LC and PCC’s current practice for alternative option is to apply the alternative “only to places in Malaysia. Defer application to other countries until projects can be developed to change existing records.” CEAL is more inclined to wait for LC test’s result for Malaysian names, and recommends libraries not to apply this alternative to any new Chinese geographic names.
For example, according to 16.2.2.12, the AAP for Aba Zangzu Qiangzu Zizhizhou is to add (China) at the end of Zizhizhou. But if apply the optional instruction, it will be “Aba Zangzu Qiangzu Zizhizhou (Sichuan Sheng, China).”
Since RDA chapter 16 is not fully developed and LC is pending on making the decision of how to use qualifiers for the Chinese place names, we can email Paul Frank, the NACO Coordinator, to consult him about the appropriate way to establish the new place names, e.g., apply double qualifier. Right now, if GeoNames has the same place name in pinyin, e.g., 2 counties has the same pinyin but the names are actually different in Chinese characters, we add the province as part of the qualifier.
There are some RDA authority records with Sheng as qualifier in the LC Authority Database, e.g. Huixan Shi (Henan Sheng, China). We would like to apply RDA 16.2.2.12 option to all Chinese place names. The optional application is particularly needed when GeoNet has more than one place name with the same pinyin.
For example:
登封市 (Henan Sheng, China) Dengfeng Shi (Henan Sheng, China)
GeoNet shows Dengfeng Shi is in Henan Sheng and is a third-order administrative division name (ADM3). However, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and Heilongjiang also have the same pinyin place
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Updated: 6/1/2016 names. To add “Henan Sheng” in the qualifier before China can resolve the same pinyin problem.
For example:
金河小屯村 (Henan Sheng: Huixian Shi, China) Jinhexiaotun Cun (Henan Sheng: Huixian Shi, China) (The place name is not in GeoNet, but adding Henan Sheng is much easier to identify where 金河小屯村 is.)
For example:
百泉镇 (Henan Sheng, China)
Baiquan Zhen (Henan Sheng, China) (拜泉镇 in Heilongjian, same pinyin)
Local Application of Geographic Place Name Qualifier
BIBCO LIBRARY ISSUE
If we create an original OCLC master record that has a locally enhanced qualifier, i.e. non-LC/PCC practice, with the place name, we may not be able to produce the record as BIBCO library.
LOCAL DECISION ON PLACE NAMES
1) Place Name in LC Authority Database If an authority record is created in the LC Authority Database, use the established authority access point. The place names below ADM1 may or may not have the “Sheng” as part of the qualifier other than just “China”. 2) Place Name not in LC Authority Database Search GeoNames database for the place name. Browse internet if needed for more information and verification. Add the immediate admin. level, in most cases is “Sheng” before “China” as part of the qualifier.
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Updated: 6/1/2016 Illustrations Search LC Call Number, DS793.F826, in OskiCat:
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Updated: 6/1/2016 Search Title, “Chinese Gazetteers Collection,” in OskiCat:
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Updated: 6/1/2016 OCLC Connexion Client Full Record: Record 1: Province Gazetteer with Special Topic
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Updated: 6/1/2016 Record 2: County Gazetteer, No Specific Subject
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Updated: 6/1/2016 Record 3: County Gazetteer With Specific Subject
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Updated: 6/1/2016 Record 4: City Gazetteer, General No Specific Subject
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