Kyuquot Sound and Checleset Bay 2019
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Ucluelet Final
Culture and Heritage Study, Marine Resource Sites and Activities, Maa-nulth First Nations Ucluelet First Nation Project Final Report Halibut and herring eggs drying on racks at Ucluelet, 1890s. Royal B.C. Museum photo PN 1176. Prepared for Ucluelet First Nation by Traditions Consulting Services, Inc. Chatwin Engineering Ltd. March 12, 2004 “But the ocean is more the home of these people than the land, and the bounteous gifts of nature in the former element seem more to their taste and are more easily procured than the beasts of the forest.... ...Without a question these people are the richest in every respect in British Columbia...” George Blenkinsop, 1874. Note to Reader Thanks is offered to the Maanulth First Nations for their support of the project for which this is the Final Report, and especially to the h=aw`iih (chiefs), elders and cultural advisors who have shared their knowledge in the past, and throughout the project. In this report, reference is made to “Maanulth First Nations,” a recent term. Within the context of this report, that term is intended to refer to the Huuayaht First Nation, the Uchucklesaht Tribe, the Toquaht First Nation, the Ucluelet First Nation, the Ka:'yu:k't'h/Che:k'tles7et'h' First Nation, and to the tribes and groups that were their predecessors. No attempt has been made to standardize the linguistic transcription of native names or words in this report. These are presented in the manner in which they were encountered in various source materials. Management Summary This is the Final Report for the Culture and Heritage Study, Marine Resource Sites and Activities, Maanulth First Nations. -
An Examination of Nuu-Chah-Nulth Culture History
SINCE KWATYAT LIVED ON EARTH: AN EXAMINATION OF NUU-CHAH-NULTH CULTURE HISTORY Alan D. McMillan B.A., University of Saskatchewan M.A., University of British Columbia THESIS SUBMI'ITED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Archaeology O Alan D. McMillan SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY January 1996 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Alan D. McMillan Degree Doctor of Philosophy Title of Thesis Since Kwatyat Lived on Earth: An Examination of Nuu-chah-nulth Culture History Examining Committe: Chair: J. Nance Roy L. Carlson Senior Supervisor Philip M. Hobler David V. Burley Internal External Examiner Madonna L. Moss Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon External Examiner Date Approved: krb,,,) 1s lwb PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. -
First Nations Perspectives on Sea Otter Conservation in British Columbia and Alaska: Insights Into Coupled Human Àocean Systems
Chapter 11 First Nations Perspectives on Sea Otter Conservation in British Columbia and Alaska: Insights into Coupled Human ÀOcean Systems Anne K. Salomon 1, Kii’iljuus Barb J. Wilson 2, Xanius Elroy White 3, Nick Tanape Sr. 4 and Tom Mexsis Happynook 5 1School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, 2Skidegate, Haida Gwaii, BC, Canada, 3Bella Bella, BC, Canada, 4Nanwalek, AK, USA, 5Uu-a-thluk Council of Ha’wiih, Huu-ay-aht, BC, Canada Sea Otter Conservation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801402-8.00011-1 © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 301 302 Sea Otter Conservation INTRODUCTION: REGIME SHIFTS AND TRANSFORMATIONS ALONG NORTH AMERICA’S NORTHWEST COAST One of our legends explains that the sea otter was originally a man. While col- lecting chitons he was trapped by an incoming tide. To save himself, he wished to become an otter. His transformation created all otters. Alutiiq Museum and Archaeological Repository (2005) Human interactions with sea otters and kelp forest ecosystems have spanned millennia ( Figure 11.1 ; Rick et al., 2011 ). In fact, archeological evidence suggests that the highly productive kelp forests of the Pacific Rim may have sustained the original coastal ocean migration route of maritime people to the Americas near the end of the Pleistocene ( Erlandson et al., 2007 ). Similarly, many coastal First Nations stories speak of ancestors who came from the sea (Boas, 1932; Brown and Brown, 2009; Guujaaw, 2005; Swanton, 1909). Yet this vast and aqueous “kelp highway,” providing food, tools, trade goods, and safe anchorage for sophisticated watercraft, would have been highly susceptible to overgrazing by sea urchins had it not been FIGURE 11.1 Sea otter pictographs from Kachemak Bay, Alaska. -
The Unhotel I N Paradise They Wanted to Invest in a Fishing Lodge
By Jim Sutherland Photography Kamil Bialous The Unhotel i n Paradise They wanted to invest in a fishing lodge. What they built was a dream cabin for 16 that, for 25 years, has brought their families together 60 cottagelife.com Early Summer 2018 Early Summer 2018 cottagelife.com 61 Visitors to this Kyu- quot Sound retreat can choose between the lodge’s two boats, the Mary B and the Phoebe Gaye, It’s not quite dinner time on Sonny’s Island, whether they’re keen on sport fishing for and with wineglasses in hand, several accordingly. A few early risers jump into ones to slap their tails and fins,” specu- Just another typically atypical day in chinook or they pre- members of the extended Osburn and one of two identical 26-foot aluminum- lates Kristin Dobbin, the girlfriend of Kyuquot Sound, complete with a cabin- fer to hit one of Johnson families consider tomorrow’s hulled Lifetimer boats and, within an hour Mark Osburn’s son, Max. cum-lodge base station that puts the the nearby beaches options. Weather forecasts are notori- or so, limit out on 12 to 15 lb chinook. On the island, there’s a hike through “treat” in retreat. Want somewhere that (opposite), only a 20-minute boat ride ously sketchy up near Vancouver Island’s Later, as the soup begins to thin, the the dense salal and underbrush, up a sleeps 16? With ensuites for all? In high from the lodge. stormy northwestern tip, but the official entire multi-generational assembly of steep cliff, and by a long-abandoned style? On its own private island? In an guess is for something half-decent, 14 trundles down the steep ramp—it’s scientific outpost to an overlook above incredibly beautiful and astonishingly suggesting the possibility of a day-long low tide—to fill both boats. -
British Columbia Regional Guide Cat
National Marine Weather Guide British Columbia Regional Guide Cat. No. En56-240/3-2015E-PDF 978-1-100-25953-6 Terms of Usage Information contained in this publication or product may be reproduced, in part or in whole, and by any means, for personal or public non-commercial purposes, without charge or further permission, unless otherwise specified. You are asked to: • Exercise due diligence in ensuring the accuracy of the materials reproduced; • Indicate both the complete title of the materials reproduced, as well as the author organization; and • Indicate that the reproduction is a copy of an official work that is published by the Government of Canada and that the reproduction has not been produced in affiliation with or with the endorsement of the Government of Canada. Commercial reproduction and distribution is prohibited except with written permission from the author. For more information, please contact Environment Canada’s Inquiry Centre at 1-800-668-6767 (in Canada only) or 819-997-2800 or email to [email protected]. Disclaimer: Her Majesty is not responsible for the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in the reproduced material. Her Majesty shall at all times be indemnified and held harmless against any and all claims whatsoever arising out of negligence or other fault in the use of the information contained in this publication or product. Photo credits Cover Left: Chris Gibbons Cover Center: Chris Gibbons Cover Right: Ed Goski Page I: Ed Goski Page II: top left - Chris Gibbons, top right - Matt MacDonald, bottom - André Besson Page VI: Chris Gibbons Page 1: Chris Gibbons Page 5: Lisa West Page 8: Matt MacDonald Page 13: André Besson Page 15: Chris Gibbons Page 42: Lisa West Page 49: Chris Gibbons Page 119: Lisa West Page 138: Matt MacDonald Page 142: Matt MacDonald Acknowledgments Without the works of Owen Lange, this chapter would not have been possible. -
Management Plan for the Olympia Oyster (Ostrea Conchaphila) in Canada [PROPOSED]
PROPOSED SPECIES AT RISK ACT Management Plan Series Management Plan for the Olympia Oyster (Ostrea conchaphila) in Canada Olympia Oyster May 2009 About the Species at Risk Act Management Plan Series What is the Species at Risk Act (SARA)? SARA is the Act developed by the federal government as a key contribution to the common national effort to protect and conserve species at risk in Canada. SARA came into force in 2003, and one of its purposes is “to manage species of special concern to prevent them from becoming endangered or threatened.” What is a species of special concern? Under SARA, a species of special concern is a wildlife species that could become threatened or endangered because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats. Species of special concern are included in the SARA List of Wildlife Species at Risk. What is a management plan? Under SARA, a management plan is an action-oriented planning document that identifies the conservation activities and land use measures needed to ensure, at a minimum, that a species of special concern does not become threatened or endangered. For many species, the ultimate aim of the management plan will be to alleviate human threats and remove the species from the List of Wildlife Species at Risk. The plan sets goals and objectives, identifies threats, and indicates the main areas of activities to be undertaken to address those threats. Management plan development is mandated under Sections 65–72 of SARA (http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/approach/act/default_e.cfm). A management plan has to be developed within three years after the species is added to the List of Wildlife Species at Risk. -
Olympia Oyster (Ostrea Lurida)
COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea lurida in Canada SPECIAL CONCERN 2011 COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC. 2011. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea lurida in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xi + 56 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Previous report(s): COSEWIC. 2000. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea conchaphila in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. vii + 30 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm) Gillespie, G.E. 2000. COSEWIC status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea conchaphila in Canada in COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the Olympia Oyster Ostrea conchaphila in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1-30 pp. Production note: COSEWIC acknowledges Graham E. Gillespie for writing the provisional status report on the Olympia Oyster, Ostrea lurida, prepared under contract with Environment Canada and Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The contractor’s involvement with the writing of the status report ended with the acceptance of the provisional report. Any modifications to the status report during the subsequent preparation of the 6-month interim and 2-month interim status reports were overseen by Robert Forsyth and Dr. Gerald Mackie, COSEWIC Molluscs Specialist Subcommittee Co-Chair. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: 819-953-3215 Fax: 819-994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur l’huître plate du Pacifique (Ostrea lurida) au Canada. -
A Listing of Pacific Coast Spawning Streams and Hatcheries
A LISTING OF PACIFIC COAST SPAWNING STREAMS AND HATCHERIES PRODUCING CHINOOK AND COHO SALMON with Estimates on Numbers of Spawners and Data on Hatchery Releases 1/ Roy J. Wahle and Roger E. Pearson2/ 1/Pacific Marine Fisheries Commission 2000 S.W. First Avenue Metro Center, Suite 170 Portland, OR 97201-5346 Present address: 8721 N.E. Blackburn Road Yamhill, OR 97148 2/(Co-author deceased) Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2725 Montlake Boulevard East Seattle, WA 98112 September 1987 This document is available to the public through: National Technical Information Service U.S. Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 iii ABSTRACT Information on chinook, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, and coho, O. kisutch, salmon spawning streams and hatcheries along the west coast of North America was compiled following extensive consultations with fishery managers and biologists and thorough review of published and unpublished information. Included are a listing of all spawning streams known as of 1984-85, estimates of the annual number of spawners observed in the streams, and data on the annual production of juvenile chinook and coho salmon at all hatcheries. Streams with natural spawning populations of chinook salmon range from Mapsorak Creek, 18 miles south of Cape Thompson, Alaska, southward to the San Joaquin River of California's Central Valley. The total number of spawners is estimated at 1,258,135. Streams with coho salmon range from the Kukpuk River, 12 miles northeast of the village of Point Hope, Alaska, southward to the San Lorenzo River in the Monterey Ray region of California. -
Recent British Columbia Spring and Coho Salmon Tagging Experiments, and a Comparison with Those Conducted from 1925 to 1930
BU'JJETIN-No. lI� Recent British Columbia spring and coho salmon tagging experiments, and a comparison with those conducted from 1925 to 1930 By D. J. MILNE Fisherw8 Research Board 01 Canada Biological Station, Nanaimo, B.C. PUBL ISHED BY THE FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA UNDER THE CON TROL OF THE HONOURABLE THE MINISTER OF FISHERIES fTAWA, 1957 fer50'cents ��, ----------------------------------� BULLETIN No. 113 Recent British Columbia spring and coho salmon tagging experiments, and a comparison with those conducted from 1925 to 1930 By D. J. MILNE Fisheries Research Board of Canada Biological Station, Nanaimo, B.C. PUBLISHED BY THE FISHERIES RESEARCH BOARD OF CANADA UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE HONOURABLE THE MINISTER OF FISHERIES OTTAWA, 1957 w. E. RICKER N. M. CARTER Editors (ii) Bulletins of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada are published from time to time to present popular and scientific information concerning fishes and some other aquatic animals; their environment and the biology of their stocks; means of capture; and the handling, processing and utilizing of fish and fishery products. In addition, the Board publishes the following: An A nnual Report of the work carried on under the direction of the Board. The Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, containing the results of scientific investigations. Atlantic Progress Reports, consisting of brief articles on investigations at the Atlantic stations of the Board. Pacific Progress Reports, consisting of brief articles on investigations at the Pacific stations of the Board. The price of this Bulletin is 50 cents (Canadian funds, postpaid). Orders should be addressed to the Queen's Printer, Ottawa, Canada. -
Order of the Executive Director May 14, 2020
PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Park Act Order of the Executive Director TO: Public Notice DATE: May 14, 2020 WHEREAS: A. This Order applies to all Crown land established or continued as a park, conservancy, recreation area, or ecological reserve under the Park Act, the Protected Areas of British Columbia Act or protected areas established under provisions of the Environment and Land Use Act. B. This Order is made in the public interest in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for the purposes of the protection of human health and safety. C. This Order is in regard to all public access, facilities or uses that exist in any of the lands mentioned in Section A above, and includes but is not limited to: campgrounds, day-use areas, trails, playgrounds, shelters, visitor centers, cabins, chalets, lodges, resort areas, group campsites, and all other facilities or lands owned or operated by or on behalf of BC Parks. D. This Order is in replacement of the Order of the Executive Director dated April 8, 2020 and is subject to further amendment, revocation or repeal as necessary to respond to changing circumstances around the COVID-19 pandemic. Exemptions that were issued in relation to the previous Order, and were still in effect, are carried forward and applied to this Order in the same manner and effect. Province of British Columbia Park Act Order of the Executive Director 1 E. The protection of park visitor health, the health of all BC Parks staff, Park Operators, contractors and permittees is the primary consideration in the making of this Order. -
Department Of· Fisheries of Canada Vancouver, B. C
DEPARTMENT OF· FISHERIES OF CANADA VANCOUVER, B. C. 1968 This booklet lists the names and shows the locat·ions of all main stem salmon spawning streams in British Columbia, exclusive of those streams draining through Southeastern Alaska. Not all tributary streams have been included in the listing. I I This material represents a portion of the information being . ' collected for the preparation of an inventory of salmon bearing streams in the Pacific Region. PREPARED BY RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT BRANCH IN COLLABORATION ·WITH CONSERVATION & PROTECTION BRANCH Edited by C. E. Walker DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES OF CANADA PACIFIC AREA MAP SHOWING PROTECTION DISTRICTS AND STATISTICAL ,l\.REAS '- ·-" " . ~--L~-t--?.>~1> ,j '\ "·, -;:.~ '-, ~ .., -" '.) \ 'Uppe_r Arrow Loire \ ) \ ' ('ZC:t;I ;-Koafenoy ;:Lower (!~ LoJ<e Cranb~~"\ \Arrow ',\ ·• ·~ ·\. 1 i 1.AP NU. P. DIS1 • STA'rI3TICAL lAREAS LOCA'rION ..... ··-· ..... -~ ...... ... ~- ............... .. - . ................. ~ .. - ····-·~ --· ·---' --~ .. -'•··--·--·---- .. ·--""'· .. ..._..-~ ...-- ....... ..~---·-··-.-·- ... ---·· l 1 Sub-~District Cari boo ') 1 Sub-District Prince GeorGe ') .) 1 3ub-·-DJ.strict Kamloops.--Lj_llooet· 2 ~issioti-Harrison: Chilli.'wa ck--HoyJe Lower Fraser River ~~ 28 & 29 Howe Sound: New Jestminster 6 3 17, 18, 19 & 20 Nanaimo, Duncan, Victoria c.: 'Port San Juan 7 3 l~· Comox 8 3 15 Toba Inlet (~estview) () ,/ 3 16 Pender Harbour 10 Li- 22 & 23 Nitinat & Barkley Sound 11 Li- 24 Clayoquot Sound 12 l+ 25 Nootka Sound 13 l+ 26 Kyuquot Sound 14 5 J.l Seymour - Belize 15 5 12 Alert Bay (Broughton) 16 5 12 Alert Bay (Knight Inlet) , 1 ..... 17 5 --J Campbell River .., () ..L ~) 5 27 Quatsino Sound 6 9 &·10 Rivers Inlet & Smith Inlet ,..., ,.. 20 ( 0 Butedale (Fraser I\each) 21 '7 6 Butedale (Ki tima t Ar::.1) ') ') l.-t·- '7 7 Bella Bella r'"J ( 8 Bella Coola 8 3 Nass .. -
British Columbia Ecological Reserves Fonds
British Columbia Ecological Reserves fonds Compiled by John Moran (2020) University of British Columbia Archives Table of Contents • Fonds Description o Title / Dates of Creation / Physical Description o History of Ecological Reserves in British Columbia o Custodial History o Scope and Content o Notes • Series Descriptions o Ecological Reserves Applications series o Ecological Reserves Supporting Records series o Vladimir Krajina Personal Records series • File List • Catalogue entry (UBC Library catalogue) 2 Fonds Description British Columbia Ecological Reserves fonds. – [195-]-1993. 2.61 m of textual records. ca. 190 aerial photographs: b & w; 25 x 25 cm. Administrative History An Ecological Reserve is an area of Crown land (public land) with the most special conservation designation within the British Columbia Protected Areas system. The purposes of the reserves are for scientific research, the establishment of benchmark areas to measure changes in ecosystems, protection of biological diversity, protection of rare and endangered organisms, and the preservation of unique, unusual or outstanding natural phenomena. In the 1960s and `70s, Canada participated in a decade of research known as the International Biological Program (IBP); this involved the description of essential sites on standard international check-sheets. In some cases, check-sheets are the only source of information for many ecological reserves. The British Columbia Ecological Reserves Act passed in 1971; this meant that BC became the first Province in Canada to give permanent protected status to ecological reserves. The Province has the world’s most comprehensive ecological reserves program, as of 2015, there are 148 ecological reserves in BC. University of British Columbia Professor Vladimir Joseph Krajina (1905-1993) advocated for the formation of ecological reserves throughout the 1950s amidst the increase in logging in the Province.