DOCSLIB.ORG

Wild Food Plants in Graecanic Communities in Calabria, Southern

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Wild Food Plants in Graecanic Communities in Calabria, Southern Wild food plants in Graecanic communities in Calabria, Southern Italy - Ethnobotany, current role in Mediterranean diets, and antioxidant activity Thesis presented by Sabine M. Nebel for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy The School of Pharmacy University of London 2006 ’^OL OF " ProQuest Number: 10104805 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10104805 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 This thesis describes research conducted in the School of Pharmacy, University of London between 2002 and 2006 under the supervision of Prof. Michael Heinrich. I certify that the research described is original and that any parts of the work that have been conducted by collaboration are clearly indicated. I also certify that I have written all the text herein and have clearly indicated by suitable citation any part of this dissertation that has already appeared in publication. 7 / (^foC Signature Date Abstract Dietary patterns are changing rapidly all over the world. The body of available local food knowledge, which forms the basis of many local traditions, is decreasing dramatically. In rural areas throughout the Mediterranean, vegetables and salads made from wild plants have been particularly important as local foods since ancient times. However, very little is known about the use of these wild food plants (WFPs) and about their contribution to health, while numerous clinical and pharmacological-biochemical studies have shown beneficial effects for major components of Mediterranean diets. This research project studied WFPs used in the Graecanic area in Calabria, Southern Italy as components of the local diet with potential antioxidant activity. It was embedded in an EU-fimded project entitled “Local Food - Nutraceuticals”. The research approach adopted for this interdisciplinary research combined ethnobotanical methods with pharmacology and nutritional sciences. The gathering, processing and consumption of these plants were studied using participant observation techniques and semi-structured interviews. Local perceptions about WFPs (beneficial health effects, health risks) and nutritional data were obtained through a socio-nutritional study conducted in Italy, Spain and Greece. More than 40 WFPs are used as condiments, or vegetables, including edible greens, called ta chorta in the local language. Many are considered to be healthy because of their bitterness (e.g. Reseda alba). Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of WFPs from Italy, Spain and Greece, was evaluated using in vitro assays. Crude extracts were tested for free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), and for the inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XO). Only a small number of plant extracts showed significant antioxidant activity. However, some extracts had promising activity in the XO-system. This interdisciplinary research contributed not only to the understanding of locally used WFPs as a promising source of natural antioxidants, but also to the safeguarding of this rapidly vanishing local knowledge. éla condàmu ce dommu to chéri vienimi vicino e dammi la mano a ttelise i cardîamu na mi pesàni se vuoi che il mio cuore non muoia i agapimîa e(ne) fola ena lulùdi l’amore è come un fiore an den ndo potise spisio ecino cottèni se non lo innaffi spesso esso appassisce 1 zoi ene mien la vita è breve éla agàpimu vieni amor mio ti ego de ssonno zi che io non posso vivere Mimmo Nucera Milinari di Gallicianô 6 Acknowledgements I wish to express my sincerest thanks to: - the inhabitants of the Graecanic area in Calabria, particularly the inhabitants of Gallicianô, for their enthusiasm for this project and willingness to share their knowledge with me, and their lovely hospitality: they have given me a second home. Furthermore, I would like to thank all the members of the Cumelca Association for their support throughout my stay in Gallicianô - 1 still feel like dancing whenever I hear la tarantella', the Mayor of Condofuri, Nucera Giovanni S. and the town councillor, Manti Natale and for the logistic support. - to Prof. Michael Heinrich as my supervisor, to Dr. Jo Barnes (second supervisor). Dr. Andrea Pieroni, Dr. Marco Leonti, Prof. Felicity Smith and Dr. José Prieto-Garcia from the School of Pharmacy for their scientific support. Thanks also to Dr. Cristina Inocencio Pretel and Rafael Llorach from the University of Murcia, Spain; to Dr. Zaxarias Kypriotakis (Exoli gsoponias, TEI Kritis, Crete, Greece), Dr. Manuel Pardo de Santayana (Royal Botanic Garden in Madrid), Andreas Lardos (Switzerland) for discussions about specific aspects of the project, as well as to all members of the consortium “Local Food-Nutraceuticals”. Furthermore, I would like to thank Dr. Nicholas Hind from the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, UK, for his help with the identification of some Asteraceae species. Thanks also to the Erasmus students Sandra Maier, Lydia Tomantschger and Henrik Nilsson for their contribution to this thesis. - to all my colleagues and staff at the Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, School of Pharmacy, University of London, UK. - last but not least I express my deepest thank to Caspar Schmidt, and to both our families for their love, support and patience. Financial support during the work of this thesis was obtained from: The School of Pharmacy, University of London, The British Federation of Woman Graduates (BFWG) - The European Commission, DG Research [Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources, key action 1 : Food, Nutrition and Flealth (“Local Food- Nutraceuticals”, contract number: QLKl-CT-2001-00173, coordinator: M. Heinrich Table of Contents Abstract................................................................................................................................... 3 List of Tables........................................................................................................................11 List of Figures.......................................................................................................................13 Abbreviations.......................................................................................................................15 1 Introduction...................................................................................................................17 1.1 Local food as an element of traditional knowledge - a theoretical perspective....................................................................................... 21 1.2 Local foods of the Mediterranean...................................................................... 26 1.3 The changing food pattern..................................................................................30 1.4 Food as medicine - medicine as food................................................................... 32 1.5 The *Tocal Food-Nutraceuticals” project and its goals................................ 34 2 Wild food plants used in the Graecanic area in Calabria, Southern Italy 37 2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................... 38 2.1.1 The ethnographic background: Graecanic communities in Calabria, 81... 40 2.1.2 Historical sources of botanical data ...............................................................43 2.2 Aims and Objectives............................................................................................. 45 2.3 Methods...................................................................................................................46 2.3.1 Ethnobotanical methods ..................................................................................47 2.3.2 Historical-linguistic method ........................................................................... 49 2.4 Results and Discussion..........................................................................................50 2.4.1 Wild food plants traditionally consumed in the Graecanic area ................. 50 2.4.2 Traditional dishes made of wild food plants .................................................66 2.4.3 Historical importance of wild food plants ..................................................... 69 2.4.4 Food as medicines ........................................................................................... 75 2.4.5 Dissemination of ethnobotanical information ...............................................77 2.5 Conclusion...............................................................................................................80 3 Socio-nutritional study in six rural areas of the Mediterranean.........................83 3.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................84 3.2 Aims and Objectives............................................................................................86 3.3 Methodology ..........................................................................................................87 3.3.1 Sampling and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Identification of Bioactive Ingredients in Sonchus Oleraceus by Hplc and Gc/Ms
    Plant Archives Volume 20 No. 2, 2020 pp. 9714-9720 e-ISSN:2581-6063 (online), ISSN:0972-5210 IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE INGREDIENTS IN SONCHUS OLERACEUS BY HPLC AND GC/MS Rasha M.M. Mohasib1, A. Nagib2, A. Abdel Samad2, Zeinab A. Salama1, Alaa A. Gaafar1, Hanan A.A. Taie1 and Sameh R. Hussein3 1Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. 2 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Cairo university, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. 3Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Abstract This study aims to evaluate the successive extraction of the active ingredients and their anticancer activity of arial parts (stem, leaves and flowers) of S. oleaceous. Therefore, Sonchus oleraceus aerial parts were subjected to a successive extraction by using solvent of different polarities; each fraction was evaluated for its anticancer. Each active extract was farther biogided fractionated to determine and identify the active compound/s present in each sub-fraction. All the tested species were extracted using four solvents: hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. Phenols, flavonoids and tannins were quantified for all extracts. The chemical analysis proved it to will be a good source of protein, fat and carbohydrates. The results showed that the percentages of moisture content (92.72%), ash content (15.14%), crude protein (25.94%), crude lipid (4.05%) and carbohydrate (54.87%) respectively of the S. oleraceus L. the highest content of total phenolic (TP), total flavonoid (TF) and total tannin (TT) was obtained by methanol fraction. The active ingredients were evaluated as well employing gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
    [Show full text]
  • Field Collection and Conservation of Wild Edible Species in The
    Field collection and conservation of wild edible species in the Germplasm Bank of Zaragoza (Spain ) C MALLOR 1, M CARRAVEDO 1 AND C MONTANER 2 1Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria. Avda. Montañana, 930. 50059 Zaragoza (Spain). 2Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca. Crta. Cuarte S/N 22071 Huesca (Spain) There is a high number of non-cultivated edible plant species. Some of them are still appreciated and consumed, in other cases their consumption is only in the memory of the elderly people and the knowledge about these species is at risk of disappearing. Within the framework of the Spanish project ‘The genetic resources of edible underutilized species: field collection, multiplication and conservation in the Germplasm Bank’, during 2009 various collecting expeditions across Aragón, a region of 47720 km 2 in the northeast of Spain, were performed with the following aims: 1) To compile information about wild species used for eating, 2) To locate these species within their natural habitat, 3) To classify them taxonomically, 4) To obtain some seeds and maintain them under long-term storage conditions. IDENTIFIERS PLANT IDENTIFICATION A total of 31 personal interviews have been carried out. The age of the A total of 95 seed samples of wild edible species have been collected, belonging to 16 informers was between 44 and 92, being the average age 66 years old. Local families and 29 species (Figure 2 and Table 1). information providers were mainly farmers (61.3%) and community members (32.2%) (Figure 1). A B C D E F G H I Figure 2. Plant species.
    [Show full text]
  • Milk Thistle
    Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control BIOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF EXOTIC T RU E T HISTL E S RACHEL WINSTON , RICH HANSEN , MA R K SCH W A R ZLÄNDE R , ER IC COO M BS , CA R OL BELL RANDALL , AND RODNEY LY M FHTET-2007-05 U.S. Department Forest September 2008 of Agriculture Service FHTET he Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created in 1995 Tby the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry, USDA, Forest Service, to develop and deliver technologies to protect and improve the health of American forests. This book was published by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series. http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/ On the cover: Italian thistle. Photo: ©Saint Mary’s College of California. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call 202-720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for information only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • NJ Native Plants - USDA
    NJ Native Plants - USDA Scientific Name Common Name N/I Family Category National Wetland Indicator Status Thermopsis villosa Aaron's rod N Fabaceae Dicot Rubus depavitus Aberdeen dewberry N Rosaceae Dicot Artemisia absinthium absinthium I Asteraceae Dicot Aplectrum hyemale Adam and Eve N Orchidaceae Monocot FAC-, FACW Yucca filamentosa Adam's needle N Agavaceae Monocot Gentianella quinquefolia agueweed N Gentianaceae Dicot FAC, FACW- Rhamnus alnifolia alderleaf buckthorn N Rhamnaceae Dicot FACU, OBL Medicago sativa alfalfa I Fabaceae Dicot Ranunculus cymbalaria alkali buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot OBL Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, FACW Hieracium paniculatum Allegheny hawkweed N Asteraceae Dicot Mimulus ringens Allegheny monkeyflower N Scrophulariaceae Dicot OBL Ranunculus allegheniensis Allegheny Mountain buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot FACU, FAC Prunus alleghaniensis Allegheny plum N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, NI Amelanchier laevis Allegheny serviceberry N Rosaceae Dicot Hylotelephium telephioides Allegheny stonecrop N Crassulaceae Dicot Adlumia fungosa allegheny vine N Fumariaceae Dicot Centaurea transalpina alpine knapweed N Asteraceae Dicot Potamogeton alpinus alpine pondweed N Potamogetonaceae Monocot OBL Viola labradorica alpine violet N Violaceae Dicot FAC Trifolium hybridum alsike clover I Fabaceae Dicot FACU-, FAC Cornus alternifolia alternateleaf dogwood N Cornaceae Dicot Strophostyles helvola amberique-bean N Fabaceae Dicot Puccinellia americana American alkaligrass N Poaceae Monocot Heuchera americana
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Species Associated with Some Asteraceae Plant and Edaphic Factor Effect Yasser A
    DOI: 10.21276/sajb.2017.5.3.2 Scholars Academic Journal of Biosciences (SAJB) ISSN 2321-6883 (Online) Sch. Acad. J. Biosci., 2017; 5(3):125-147 ISSN 2347-9515 (Print) ©Scholars Academic and Scientific Publisher (An International Publisher for Academic and Scientific Resources) www.saspublisher.com Original Research Article Plant Species Associated with Some Asteraceae Plant and Edaphic Factor Effect Yasser A. El-Amier1,*, Sulaiman M. Alghanem2, Abd El-Nasser S. Al Borki3 1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt 2Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk, KSA 3Botany Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, Benghazi University, Agdabia, Libya. *Corresponding author Yasser A. El-Amier Email: [email protected] Abstract: The family Asteraceae is the largest and the most cosmopolitan of the world particularly in semiarid region of the tropics and subtropics. In this present study investigate the ecology and edaphic factor effect of five species namely: Nauplius graveolens (Forssk.) Wiklund, Picris asplenioides L., Reichardia tingitana (L) Roth, Sonchus oleraceus L. ‎and Urospermum picroides (L.) F.W. Schmidt. The study area is located in some selected governorates in the northern part of Nile Delta and Eastern Desert regions of Egypt. The total number of the recorded plant species in the present study was 182 species belonging to 144 genera and related to 37 families. Asteraceae contributing 18.13%, of all recorded species in the study area, followed by Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae and Brassicaceae. The vegetation structure was classified by TWINSPAN classification into four groups. Group I was dominated by Retama raetam, group II was codominated by Diplotaxis harra and Bassia muricata, these groups represent the vegetation type of the inland desert.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Species Richness and Composition of a Habitat Island
    Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e48704 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.8.e48704 Research Article Plant species richness and composition of a habitat island within Lake Kastoria and comparison with those of a true island within the protected Pamvotis lake (NW Greece) Alexandros Papanikolaou‡‡, Maria Panitsa ‡ Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece Corresponding author: Maria Panitsa ([email protected]) Academic editor: Gianniantonio Domina Received: 22 Nov 2019 | Accepted: 07 Jan 2020 | Published: 15 Jan 2020 Citation: Papanikolaou A, Panitsa M (2020) Plant species richness and composition of a habitat island within Lake Kastoria and comparison with those of a true island within the protected Pamvotis lake (NW Greece). Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e48704. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e48704 Abstract Lake Kastoria is one of the potentially “ancient” Balkan lakes that has a great environmental importance and ecological value, attracts high touristic interest and is under various anthropogenic pressures. It belongs to a Natura 2000 Special Protection Area and a Site of Community Interest. The city of Kastoria is located at the western part of the lake and just next to it, towards the centre of the lake, is a peninsula, a habitat island. In the framework of research concerning the flora of lake islands of Greece, one of the main objectives of the present study is to fill a gap concerning plant species richness of the habitat island within the protected Lake Kastoria, which is surrounded by the lake except for its north-western part where the border of the city of Kastoria is located.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Diversity and Evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae)
    Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis committee Promotor Prof. Dr M.E. Schranz Professor of Biosystematics Wageningen University Other members Prof. Dr P.C. Struik, Wageningen University Dr N. Kilian, Free University of Berlin, Germany Dr R. van Treuren, Wageningen University Dr M.J.W. Jeuken, Wageningen University This research was conducted under the auspices of the Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences. Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) from phylogeny to molecular breeding Zhen Wei Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. Dr A.P.J. Mol, in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Monday 25 January 2016 at 1.30 p.m. in the Aula. Zhen Wei Genetic diversity and evolution in Lactuca L. (Asteraceae) - from phylogeny to molecular breeding, 210 pages. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2016) With references, with summary in Dutch and English ISBN 978-94-6257-614-8 Contents Chapter 1 General introduction 7 Chapter 2 Phylogenetic relationships within Lactuca L. (Asteraceae), including African species, based on chloroplast DNA sequence comparisons* 31 Chapter 3 Phylogenetic analysis of Lactuca L. and closely related genera (Asteraceae), using complete chloroplast genomes and nuclear rDNA sequences 99 Chapter 4 A mixed model QTL analysis for salt tolerance in
    [Show full text]
  • 5. Tribe CICHORIEAE 菊苣族 Ju Ju Zu Shi Zhu (石铸 Shih Chu), Ge Xuejun (葛学军); Norbert Kilian, Jan Kirschner, Jan Štěpánek, Alexander P
    Published online on 25 October 2011. Shi, Z., Ge, X. J., Kilian, N., Kirschner, J., Štěpánek, J., Sukhorukov, A. P., Mavrodiev, E. V. & Gottschlich, G. 2011. Cichorieae. Pp. 195–353 in: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. Y., eds., Flora of China Volume 20–21 (Asteraceae). Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis). 5. Tribe CICHORIEAE 菊苣族 ju ju zu Shi Zhu (石铸 Shih Chu), Ge Xuejun (葛学军); Norbert Kilian, Jan Kirschner, Jan Štěpánek, Alexander P. Sukhorukov, Evgeny V. Mavrodiev, Günter Gottschlich Annual to perennial, acaulescent, scapose, or caulescent herbs, more rarely subshrubs, exceptionally scandent vines, latex present. Leaves alternate, frequently rosulate. Capitulum solitary or capitula loosely to more densely aggregated, sometimes forming a secondary capitulum, ligulate, homogamous, with 3–5 to ca. 300 but mostly with a few dozen bisexual florets. Receptacle naked, or more rarely with scales or bristles. Involucre cylindric to campanulate, ± differentiated into a few imbricate outer series of phyllaries and a longer inner series, rarely uniseriate. Florets with 5-toothed ligule, pale yellow to deep orange-yellow, or of some shade of blue, including whitish or purple, rarely white; anthers basally calcarate and caudate, apical appendage elongate, smooth, filaments smooth; style slender, with long, slender branches, sweeping hairs on shaft and branches; pollen echinolophate or echinate. Achene cylindric, or fusiform to slenderly obconoidal, usually ribbed, sometimes compressed or flattened, apically truncate, attenuate, cuspi- date, or beaked, often sculptured, mostly glabrous, sometimes papillose or hairy, rarely villous, sometimes heteromorphic; pappus of scabrid [to barbellate] or plumose bristles, rarely of scales or absent.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic and Morphological Analysis of a New Cliff-Dwelling
    Plant Systematics and Evolution (2018) 304:1023–1040 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-018-1523-2 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Phylogenetic and morphological analysis of a new clif‑dwelling species reveals a remnant ancestral diversity and evolutionary parallelism in Sonchus (Asteraceae) José A. Mejías1 · Mathieu Chambouleyron2 · Seon‑Hee Kim3 · M. Dolores Infante4 · Seung‑Chul Kim3 · Jean‑François Léger2,5 Received: 23 December 2017 / Accepted: 18 May 2018 / Published online: 19 July 2018 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2018 Abstract We describe a new clif-dwelling species within Sonchus (Asteraceae): Sonchus boulosii and analyze its systematic position and evolutionary signifcance; in addition, we provide a key to the species of Sonchus in Morocco. Both morphological and ecological characteristics suggest a close relationship of S. boulosii with taxa of section Pustulati. However, ITS nrDNA and cpDNA matK markers indicate its uncertain position within the genus, but clear genetic diferentiation from the remaining major clades. ITS phylogenetic trees show that likely evolutionary shifts to rocky habitat took place at least fve times within genus Sonchus and that sect. Pustulati and S. boulosii clades have a clearly independent evolutionary origin. We postulate that the strong resemblance of S. boulosii to other rocky species refects a phenomenon of homoplasy, probably driven by parallel evolutionary adaptations to the severe ecological constraints of its clif face habitat. Therefore, a new section is also described, which includes S. boulosii as its sole representative: section Pulvinati. According to phylogenetic trees, the new clade may share its common ancestor with the clade comprising sections Maritimi and Arvenses, from which it is widely divergent in morphology and ecology, with the exception of Sonchus novae-zelandiae.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Appendix 2 1 2 3
    1 Appendix 2 2 Table A1: List of species and relative Climatic Niche Group (CNG) found in each treatment (i.e. 3 community origin - climate combination). CNG boundaries were set following the classification 4 proposed by Bilton et al (2016). CNG1: 100-230 mm rainfall; CNG2: 230-360 mm; CNG3: 360- 5 490 mm; CNG4: 490-620 mm. Species Family Average CNG M- SA- M- SA- rainfall M M SA SA (mm/year) Reichardia tingitana Asteraceae 179.3 1 x x Stipa capensis Poaceae 221.7 1 x x x x Adonis dentata Ranunculaceae 227.0 1 x x Carrichtera annua Brassicaceae 203.2 1 x x x Plantago coronopus Plantaginaceae 185.5 1 x Schismus arabicus Geraniaceae 146.9 1 x x Cuscuta campestris Convolvulaceae 488.1 1 x x Picris damascena Asteraceae 165.7 1 x x x Astragalus tribuloides Fabaceae 115.0 1 x Erucaria rostrata Brassicaceae 168.5 1 x Filago desertorum Brassicaceae 122.5 1 Gagea reticultata Liliaceae 143.7 1 x Pteranthus dichotomus Caryophyllaceae 120.3 1 x Atractylis cancellata Asteraceae 361.1 2 x x x x Bromus fasciculatus Poaceae 302.9 2 x x x x Hippocrepis unisiliquosa Fabaceae 341.3 2 x x x x Onobrychis crista- galli Fabaceae 279.3 2 x x x x Trisetaria macrochaeta Poaceae 244.5 2 x x x Crithopsis delileana Poaceae 302.1 2 x x Filago contracta Brassicaceae 342.9 2 x x x Filago palaestina Brassicaceae 344.4 2 x Helianthemum aegytiacum Cistaceae 360.2 2 x Helianthemum salicifolium Cistaceae 347.9 2 x x x Malva parviflora Malvaceae 235.0 2 x x Astragalus asterias Fabaceae 278.2 2 x Calendula sp.
    [Show full text]
  • The Vascular Flora of Algerian and Tunisian Small Islands: If Not Biodiversity Hotspots, at Least Biodiversity Hotchpotchs?
    Biodiversity Journal , 2012, 3 (4): 343-362 The vascular flora of Algerian and Tunisian small islands: if not biodiversity hotspots, at least biodiversity hotchpotchs? Errol Véla 1 & Daniel Pavon 2 1Université Montpellier-2, U.M.R. AMAP (Botanique et Bioinformatique de l’Architecture des Plantes), TA A51/PS2 - 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 , France; e-mail: [email protected] 2Aix-Marseille Université, U.M.R. IMBE 7263 (Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie, UMR), Bâtiment Villemin, Europole de l'Arbois - BP 80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence cedex 04, France; e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Algerian and Tunisian coasts host more than one hundred small islands and islets, but are still poorly known. We have compiled recently published and unpublished data from “PIM initiative” (Mediterranean small island initiative) and other kind of expeditions. For each small island or archipelago we seek to establish the membership to or relationship with the regional hotspots of the Mediterranean basin and the important plant areas (IPA) of Algeria and Tunisia, thanks to species-area relationships and biogeographical analyses. Nowadays, 25 small islands are considered as botanically well-known and can be analysed. Species-area relationship follows a classical linear regression model while some islands are less rich than predicted and other ones are more rich. These richest islands can be assessed as IPA following criterion B. Some of them have been yet assessed as IPA following criterion A, especially because of presence of local or regional endemism. Each main archipelago shows biogeo - graphical links not only with neighbour continental coasts, but also with northern coasts or big islands from the western Mediterranean, especially the Tyrrhenian complex.
    [Show full text]
  • 12(2) 02 Pearce.Indd
    PHYTOLOGIA BALCANICA 12 (2): 149–164, Sofia, 2006 149 John Stuart Mill’s botanical collections from Greece (a private passion) Nicholas R. Pearce The Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK, e-mail: [email protected] Received: March 07, 2006 ▷ Accepted: April 26, 2006 Abstract. An account is given of John Stuart Mill’s two journeys to Greece in 1855 and 1862. A list of the extensive botanical collections is included along with the itineraries of the journeys and an introduction to his interest in botany. Key words: botany, collections, Greece, itineraries, J.S. Mill Background Two years ago, while working in the time to start a family. John was the firstborn Herbarium at Kew, I discovered some of a large family. specimens collected by J.S. Mill. I was John’s childhood was an unhappy and not aware at that time that Mill was in- solitary time. His education was conduct- terested in botany. I decided to look ed at home, entirely by his father who, further into this aspect of an eminent concurrently, was writing his History of Victorian and found that not only was British India. At the age of twenty he be- Mill a keen and enthusiastic botanist came profoundly depressed and lost in- but had collected a herbarium of over terest in his work and life. This lonely 12 000 specimens. These collections con- boyhood and his depression is movingly sisted not only of plants from the UK but described in his autobiography (Mill 1875). specimens from across Europe to Turkey. The In 1827 John was invited for dinner at the specimens from Greece were particularly extensive house of John Taylor and it was there that he first and I decided to investigate these collections.
    [Show full text]