GENERAL A/I8cox ,I Lec€$Ber J 9C+ a S S E M B LY MTGI,ISH Origrlrar,: E{GTISE/Fbflvce

UN'TED NAT'ONS ut- GHIffiAI GENERAL A/I8cox ,I lec€$ber J_9c+ A S S E M B LY MTGI,ISH oRIGrlrAr,: E{GTISE/FBflVCE

Nineteenth session

RE}OBT OF TEE SPICfAL COMMIITEE ON [83 SITLIATION I.IflE REGA.RD TO TEE ]MPI,EMmITATION OF TEX DECIARI{ITON ON EEE GRANTTNG OF IND@U{DH{CE TO COLONIAL COIJI{TRTES AND }EOFI,ES*I6

Rapporteur: Itu. K. NAtldAR Str{Gfl (Ind.la)

CONISVIS

Chapter Paragraphs ?age

IEITM OT' TRANSMTTTAL 4 I. ESIASLISEMEilTI, OBGANIZATION A]JD ACTIVITIES OF TEE SPEC]AL COMMMTEE L-].72 5 A. ES'IASITSEMm'II OF TEE SPMTAL COMMIITM B. OpHVnSc OF TEE SPECTAL COMMrrrmtS MEIF]MS rN 1964 . B- 2L g C. ORCiANIZATION OF WORK ,2 - 111 1) !. lv]ruTII{CS OF THE S}ECIAL COMMTTTM AND IIS WOBTII}IG GROUP AND SUB.COMMTTTMS . . . 112 - 126 )+4 E. CONS]DMATION OF TI]RRITOXIES . . . t27 - LrI )+6 T. CONS]DMATION OF CIEXR Q1IESTIONS Ltz - L1+2 48 G. Rtr.ATIONS WITE ctrEM UNIITED IVATIONS BODTES L41 - L5t ,o E. REIITEIil OF '!fORK . Lrz - L66 52 I. FUIUBN WORK L67 - rT 58 J. APPBOVAL OF TEE RtrOBI L72 60

the report as a wbole, lucotDoratlng the chaptere clrculated as addenda, viIL be i66ued. urder the sprtoJ. A/58o0/nev.f. Iten 2l- of the provLstonal agenda.

65-ooo14 ei4lEir

coNIIt{TS ( contlnued.) Chapter Paraeraphs Page II. llVFom/nIION IROM NON-Su'-OOVm$n\rG TffiRITORIES TRANSI{flTD IJI{DB ARIIOLE 77 e OF Tm CEAmm .AND BMABM QUESIIONS A?PtrNDIX I: FUNCTIONS mffRUSI@ To Tm SPECIAL COMMIITIE R$ATING TO INF0sl,lABIoN 0N N0N-SIIJ'-GoVffiNING TBnmORmS rBA$Sl4IrrED UI\DB AHIICLE ?} e 0F Effi CEARIER: NOTE llY Tm SECBEIARY-GENffiAL ASPE{DI( I1: I]{FOBIIAIION OI{ N0N-Sm;F-G0\rffiNING TIRBIToBIES [!AN$.ryr'ID UI{IDER ARIICLE 71 e Op Tm CEAmm AND REIAIED QUESIIONS: RmoRt 0F Tm SECREtrARY-GETIMAI IIr. SOumffiN BE0DESIA (tssued e,s t/59ao/ Add..l and Add.I [Bart IIl / rv. SoulE wEsJ AITtlcA . , . . ( tssuea as t/5$oo/ Ada.2 J v. TERRIToRTES UNDm IOFTUGuESE ADMIIJSTFATIoN . . . (lssued. as t/l$Oo/ Add.rl vr. ADm[ . . (lseuea a,s t/59oo/

vlr. _arl.ruDtl uuLAtur utII. SASUIOI.AND, BECEUAIVALAND AND SWAZIIAT{D rx. FMI{ANDO POO, RIO MUNI, fFIfI AND SPANIffi SAEARA . . . . X. Gl3IAttrAR (lesued ae tt/59oo/ ix. r'4AL[A . xII. NORIEERN IEODESTA AND GA}EIA rlfi. FIJI x_Lv. I'{AURIIIUS, SEYCEELLES A]']D SrI. TrF"rr'FW\ xv. ccoK ISIANDS, MUE, TOKEf,AU ISAI\DS

AMIBICAN SAMOA X\ruI. GUAM . TRUSI TERRITORY OF Tffi PACIETC ISI,AIiES t /59oo/ )GX. TBUST TBRIToRY OF ISAURU, rA?rrA AND TRUSI TffiRIIORY 0F rfEfl GmNEA AND COCOS (mm,rnC) rSAr{DS NEI"I ESRTDES, GII,3ffi AND M,],ICE ]SIAI{DS, PITCAIRN AI{D SOLOMON f SIAIIDS tci.t. sRUNET )ffir. EOI{G KONG A/r&oo E:ellslx D Page J

COlmm S (ccntlnued.)

Chapter Peragaphe Page NGII. FALKI.AND ISIANDS (IUAT.VIIVAS) KflV. 3ffiMUDA, BAEAMAS, TURKS AND CAICOS ISI,AI\DS AND CA]N4AN ISI,AI{DS Nff. IINITD STATES IIIRGff ISIANDS, BRITISE iIIRGIN ISIANDS, ( lesued ae t/58oo/ A}IT'IGLA, DOMIISICA, GRETSADA, MOI$]SEBRAT, SI.ICTTS- A(Io.'( ,/ NEITTS-AIVGIIIIIA, ST. LUCIA, ST. VINCE{T AND SARBADOS . .) }O$N. BRTTISE EONDI,RAS ...... )

ANNHCES

I. I,EITB DATD 20 OCTOBIB 1964 FROM TEE REPBEStr\TIATI\IE OF TEE UN]trED lfiVGDOM TO TEE CEAIRI'{AN OF TEE SPECI.AL COMMITTIE II. ilTgI OF RtrRESEX\TATIVES ,aJo ^/Exg1lsb Page 4

T,T]ITtrA Or' TRANSI4ITTAL

22 December p64

Sir, I have the honour to trsj1snlt to you the report to the GeneraL Aesmb]-y of the speciaL conmlttee on the sltuatloa v'itb regard to the rnplellentatlon of the DecLaratloD on the Gra,:cting of rnd.epend.er.ce to coloalaL countrlee nnd- peopresr !x accordance v'ith General AoseabJ-y reso.Iutlon l_956 ( X!.Jfi ) of IL Decenber 196r, fhls report covers the vork of the Specla]- CoEnl.ttee durlng lp6lr. Tbe reporb of the SpectaL CommJttee conce!]llng the lary.}l.cattons of the actlsrties of the ninlng fuduEtry ard of the otJxer lnternatlonal- conparles ha.!.rng lnteregts 1n South Weet Afrlca, lrblcb llas regu.esbed. ln Geoera]- AseenbLy resolutLon 1899 (xmII) of 1, November L961, ls being transnltted to you sepEratery. * Accept, Slr, the assurances of Esr hlgheBt congid.eratLon.

(srspea) gorl COUfiBALY Pregld.ent of. tbe SpecLaL CoEnlttee

me Exce].lency U [haDt Secrctary-Genere,L United Natlons Nev York

a./58).+o. L/r9oo ftagJ.lBh Fage 5

CEAPIER I

ESTIBLISHMENI,oBGA}IIZATIoNAl{DAc[rlj.lrIEsoFTEESPECIAIC0I4MITTiEE

A. ES[ABLfffiMm{g OF mE SPECJAL COl'$trmEE (XV) or 1. tre Generaf Assenbly, at lts flfteenth session, by resolutlon f5l-4 to 14 Decenber f960, adolted the Declaration on the Granting of IndependeBce CoLonial Co-untrles and Feoples. of 2. At tts sixteenth session the Geaeral Assenbly, foJ.J-ow"ing 1ts conElderation the situation wlth regard to the irplenentation of the DecLaration on the grantlng of independence to colooial countries and peopLes' adopted a resolution 1654 (xrru) of 27 Norre!fter L961 by shlch lt declded to establlsh Special.Coumltteeof-seventeenroembere.meft)eclatcolodtteefi'asd'lrected.to and recomendatlons exa.nine the apSlLcation of the Decla,rat!'on, to nake euggestlons ontheprogressa,nd.erbentofthelmtr.e@entatlonoftheDeclarationandtolteporE tnenbers of to the Generq'l Aosenbly at 1tB Beveateenth session' frre seventeen the SpeciaJ- Co@lttee liere: Au6tralia Talgarylka (nov the Unlted Republlc of Tanzanla] Cambodla Tunl sia Ethlopla Unlon of, Sovlet Soclalist nepubli'cs Iadia Unlted Ihngdon of Great Srlta;in and Ite.ly Northern Ire].and Iuad.aga,scar ijirlted States of nner:ica MaJ-1 Uruguay Polarxd Venezuela $rrla Yugoelavia conslderation 1. At its seventeenth sesslon the Geoeral AssenfiIy, fo1lovlng 1tg adopted of, tho report of 'uhe special CormLttee of Seventeen (A/5218) t member6hiB regoiutlon 1B1o (l$Ilf) of J-f Decernbe t :.:962 by whlch lt enlarged tbe aJxd lnvited the of the Speclal Comlttee by the addltion of seven nev &embe?6 alxd means enlarged Speclal cor0Blttee to contlnue to seek the mo 6t sui-tab1e l.tays territorLes for the sTeedy ard total appllcatlon of, the Declaratlon to a1l A/58oo &le!1sh sage b I r'rl:Lch have aot yet attained lnd,epend,ence. The nen, nembers added to the speclar- Co@dttee wer€ ! Bulga.eie Ixaq Chll-e Ivory CoeBt Derunark Si.erra leone fraa l+. At its etghteeath sesslon the Genera-1 Asse!ftrJ, forlol,tng 1ts consid,eration of the reporb of the Special- Co@lttee of, fventy-Four (a/5t+l+6 /ne:y,t) adopted resolution 1956 (xlErr ) of lL Deceabe I :1965 by whlch 1t requesbed, the specia.l coumittee continue to to seek the best "/ra,y6 and neans for the irmeclLate and, total applice,tlon of, the Decl-aratlon to 811 texrltories ,nhlch bave not yet attained. lndepeadence and to reporb to the General Asseurbly not later thptr at 1ts nlneteenth session. Ihe texb of resor.ution 1956 (xtrJrr) is reproduced ber-ou: "!he Genera]_ Assenbfy,

"Becal-Ling the neclaratlon on tb.e graatlng of Lnd.ependence to colonlal countri.es ond. leop].e s contalned. ln tts re solution ].51L (XV) of Deceurber 14 J-p6O, and resolutions 1654 (Xrj.I) of 2l ilovember f96f anO r-Bro (xrfi) of u necenle r 1962 by irtu Genercer- Assenbry established the special colxolttee on the sltuatLoa"i:."i- vith to the fu$,1enenta,tlo! of the DecLaratlon on the grenting of lndepend,ence"egard to cor-onla-r, countrr.es and peopJ-ee,

'rIaving consid.ered. the report of the SpeclaJ. Ccmittee, xlaklps ln!o. conslderatlon the observatlons of the grecla.l_ Connittee Tegaro]-ng the ILst of territonies to be e:'Fn{ ned by it, ^ - "Ngltne lrlth *e.p reeret thet, three years a.fter the ad.option of the r€ciarataon, Eany terrltorles €,re stll:L unde" foreign dorrt aation and. that, in sone casee, not even preJj,mlnary ioea€ures have been taken tovards the atrpJ.lcatloa of the DecJ.aratlon,

.- "lept, orlng the negatlve attltud e of cerbaln Ad:dnlsteri:ag powers and. theLr lax"tial or cor4>Lete refusaL to co-operate rd-lth the ftrecial co@xittee ln the furylenentatlon of the DecLaratlon, _ "D-epl-oring furbher the asslstance given to some Adrninlsbering polrers by certain sbates, whlch enablee those powers to Berel Bt ln their refusaL to apply the Declaratlon, t /5&oo &lgllsh Page 7

South West- Afrlca, "Ea!-inE ad-opted reso].utions on Southem Ehodesia, Territorles under .PorEuguese adnai-nlstration, Ad'en, Matta, tr'ijl, It*|",'" FhodesXa, Nyasa'land, Basutolard., Bechuana'Land a'nd S\tazlland and 'BrLl1sn Guiana, uI. Rea^ffl:ms its resolutlons 1!l-lr (r;V), 1654 (xvT) and 1B1o (rvrr); acconpLished by the "2. NoteE r,rlth appresig,tllg the vork ^Strncial' comittee onT6Affiiffift regard to the impLenentatlon of the of hddpend.ence to countrles and Decla"atlon on the Srantlng "oJ.on:ial peoples and. endorees lts eethods and proced'ures;

u3. ApDroves the of the Strrecial Coroaittee and caJ-Ls upon the Admlnister6Fmrs 1q"eporb i;I'Ieloent the conclusions and recomaendations contalned, therein; rvays BequeBts the Special Comlttee to contlnue to seek the best "4. al-L und *uuns iffi" r*uai'rtu total applicatlon of tbe DecLaratlon to temitorles ,n'blch bave not yet"na attained- ind'ependence, end to report to the GeneraL AssenbJy not Later than at lts nineteenth sesoioni Powers to 't5. Deer:l"v regretg the refusa]. of certain Administer:i-ng co-oneratelffiEFeoia-L coornlttee and their continued dlsregard of the resolutlone of the Genera^l Asserqbly; of "6. Invltes the ftreclal. Comlttee to epprlse the Security Counctl any develo!frdTE-in any territory exarined by 1t vhich may threaten lnternatl onal peace and secrlr1ty; "7. Requeets ql'l Sbateg to refra:ib fron ary actlon t'hich nay adopted by the General 5 eopardize-ffi-luplenentation of the resoLutions L""urotfy and the ftrecia-l Comlttee for the application of the Declaration; "8. tr\rrbher reque sts the Adninisbe"lng PoverB to glve thelr ful]. conrrittee and. to facinta'te the taok of the Comitlee to "o-opu"rtr6ffiffi.sptffifeub --comlttee s and vi;tting gror4rs instructed by the Special go to the territorles under lts na,nd.ate; "9. Requests the Secretary-Genere^L to continue to provid'e the Special Cormitiee ffitrE the faclJ.lttes and personneL necessarf,l for the Jft!'].ementation of the present re solution. " the 5. By resolutlons adopted at lt6 seventeenth antt elghteenth se6sionst additlonaL Genesa-1 Assernbly a-1so entrusted to the ftrecla]- Comlttee the follovtng functlons prevlousfy perforued by other Comlttees concetned with the dependent Terrltories vhlch had been dissolved: (u.) By resolutioa 1Bo5 (lsm) of 1!' Deceebe L962t the General- AssernbJ.y " the tasks requested. the SpeciaJ- Comlttee to d.lscharge, !gltat16 nutandig ' A/5Boo h€11sh Page B

assigned to the fuecial Con1El.ttee fo" South West Africa by resolutlon L7O2 (XV'I), taklng into conslde"atlon the special "esponslbilitles of the United Natlone r.dth regard to the Territory of South West Africa. 3y resoJ-ution $06 ($III) of llt Decenbe r L962, the General Assenbly decided to dissolve the Special Comittee for South tr^Iest Mrica. By resol-ution 1899 (lffII]) of 1, Novenbe r 1961, the GeneraL Asselrb1y requested the ftreclal Co!@lttee to continue lts efforts r*ith a vlew to dischargtrig the tesks asslgned to 1t by resol-utj.on 1BO5 (XruT). (l) Bv resolutlon LBO? (XiruI) of L4 Deceaber !962, the Genera.L Assenbly requested, the Specla]. Counittee to glve hlgh prioxity to an examinatlon of the sltuatlon in the Terrltorles und.er Portuguese adnlnlstration. By resoLutlon LB09 ( X\rl1) of 14 Deceuber f962, the General- Asserfily declated to d.l ssobe the ft:ecial. Cornrittee on Terrlto"lee under Porbuguese tl,d:ainistration. (") ey resolution L97o ( )$-JII ) of ]-6 Decenber L963, the ceneraL Aosembly decld.ed to dlssolve the Connlttee on Infoxnatlon from Non-SeJ:f-GovernS.ng TerrLtorles. By the same resolutlon, the GeaeraL Asse{olcly lnvited Member Sbates have orlrhlch assu&e responslbllities for the adnlnistration "hlch of terrltories 'lrhose peopJ-ee have not yet attained a fuJ.L measure of seJ-f-goverment to trandlxit or contLaue to tranmit to the SecretarSr- Genera]. lnfoiroation as prescrlbed und.er Arblc].e 75 e of the Ctrarter, as rqel-L ae the fullest posslb]-e lnforrnatlon on poJ-itical- and constltutlonal d.eveLo1ment. It requested the fueclal Connlttee to gtudy this lnfo:mation and take tt fully lnto accoi:nt in exerdnlng the situatlon rrith regard to the r?rcl@entatlon of the DecLaretion oB the grantlng of independ.ence to coJ.onJ.al. cotmtrles and peopJ-es ln eacb of the Non-Se1f-Governlng Territortes, and to underbake any opecleJ- sbudy and prepare any speclal- reporb lt may consl.der necessary 1n ad.dltlon to lts actlvitles uxd.er Generel Assenbly resolutlons r.654 (XVI) and 1B1o (xVU). 6. With the dlssoLutlon of the ConnlrLttee on lnfor:raation, the ft)eclaL Comrlttee ls nov the on1y bod.y responslble for rnatters reLati-ng to dependent territories, v:ith the exceptlon of the Trusteeship CounclJ., vhich ls responsible for the three reualning frust Territorieg. {51ao Ergli sh Page 9

period 7. Tlris repor!. govers the 1{ork of the q)eclal Comlttee for the plenary meetlugs and 25 Febflrary to J-! Decenb er L)6)+, during which i't hel-d 101 neetings lts Work1ng Group and Sr:b -Cornnlttee s heLd- over 140 '

OFEIIING OF mE SPECIAL COI'1I\'{IrIEEI S MffifgSGS ]N 1964

Opening statement by the. Secretary-General (219th meeting) helo B. The flrst meeting c,f the ftteelal- Comnittee in l-964 ' opening ad'dress' on 25 Februaqf, we,e opened by the Secretary-General" In'hls years' the Speclal the SecretaxT-Generaf recalLed that, during the first tvo fol| it corodttee had concerned it seJf nainly lrith decolonlzation in Afrlca, that the largest lras in that continent, as the Counittee had noted, ln lts reporb, problens sti]-l coLoniaL Terrltories and some of the most dlfflcul-t colonlal recent existed. In !)6\, the Comlttee voul-d no doubt glve speclal' attentj'on to south We st Africa, developnrent s 1n the Territorles vhich it had consldered ln 1965: and goutbera Fhod.esia, the three Territoriee of Sasutoland, Sechuanal-and Angola' Svazl1a:rd, the Terrltorles und.er Porbuguese adml[istrati'on' particularly p spanlsh gaha"a' Mozenhlque and PorLugues€ Gu-laea, Norbhern Bhod'esia, Nyasaland' Guiana' Aden and ffnl, Fenmndo P6o, Blo llrmi, Gal$ia, Glbraltar, Malta, British Ftjl.VhllesomeofthoseTerrltorieswereveJ.].onthelrr.raytolndependence, others stlLl- p?esented. prclJ-ems which the Ccmnlttee vou'Ld have to examine ' Terrltories 9. ALthough Llx the past tvo years a nmber of Non'Self-Governing Natlons' there had acceded. to lndependence and. were now Mernbers of the United though sma].l- 1n area vere still some sixty dependent Territorles, many of vhich' on arrd popuJ.atlon, aevertheless came lrithtn the purrielr of the Declaration d.ecolonization. Those mal-L Territorles included nany groups of sparsely Oceans During popuJ-ated islands scattered. ln the AtLantic, Paclfic and Indien ' probleos vhich it had not 60 its 19611 geaston the Comlttee vould be faced' with riayE of far been call-ed. upon to 6olve.; tt vouLd have to seek the most effectlve 1514 (XV)' enabllng those salL Terrltorleg to attaj.n the objectives of ?esolution the Ttre task vou.ld not be alx easy one but there coul-d be no doubt thot prove in the ex;:erlence gained. by tbe Penbero of the Ccmodttee lrouJ.d helpful L .forbhconlng de].lberatlong.

I a./51oo Ereltsh Page l-O

LO. At its elghteenth sesslon, the cene"al Assenbly, by resolutlon L9?O (XIruII), bad. dissolved the counittee on rnfornetlotr from Noh.-self-Govenring Territories and had entrueted. some of its fomer functions to the Special_ Comittee. By vj.rtue of that decLslon, the speeial comrlttee had. becone the only body other than the Trusteeeblp Councll co!.cerned rq'lth roattere relating to depend.ent Terrltories. Ee had lssued a note (A/eC.LO} /L.97) eetting out the r mFticatlons of the dlssolution of the Co@ittee on fnfomatlon aad had requested. the ft:ectal. Corualttee to express Lts v:ielrc 9n the manner 1n a&ich it proposed to.ca,rry out the functione devolving r&on it. LL. Ee vs,g convlnced that the $peelal co@lttee rrrouJ-d. approach rrith its usual" obJectlvtty the nany problems vjth vhich it vouLd, have to deaL d.u::lng the lresent sesgion and that lt r'rould have the co-orere.tLon of the Adnlnlsterlns Powers concenxed..

Electlon of officers

J2. At its 2L9th neeting, follolring tbe opening statement of the Secretaqr- General, the ft)eciaL cormLttee decided. to re-eLect the follon:ing offl-cers vho were elected in !961, !Ir.. soxl CouJJbaly (Uaff ;, Chalnran I{r. CarLos Manis VeLdzquez (Uruguay), Flrst Vice-Chairman I'fr. Ypeuneai Sorn ( Canbodia), Second Vlce-Chainmn l4x. K. Natsar Stngh (Ind.ia), napporteur.

Statement by the Chairetan rt. fhe chai:man thanked the secretarr-General for ha.tt:ing opened the meetl.ng of the ftrecia.l Comlttee and said that the SecretarJr-Genera-1. had. a^Iways shorm grear interesb ln the uork of the Comlttee and. the latter couLd. count on hls co-operatLon and. rrnderstanding. lL. fbe problen of decoLontzation va6 norr one of tbe aaJor tasks of the unlted Natlons and the mean s required to carry out that task vould doubtLess be rnad.e a.vallabl-e to the Connlttee i.n accord.ance wlth the r':ieh etcpressed by the Geperal. Assembly. lr5. In adopting resolutlon L!14 (XV) and sub sequentJ"y resolution L654 ()Gtr) establishing the special cozmittee, the unlted Nations GeneraL Asee@bly had. sought A/58oo hg].ieh Fage IL

q'1 1 to express lte flrr! dete@inatlon rapldly to put an end to coloniallsm ln ite nanifestatlons. Neverbhele ss, three years after the adoption of the peoples' Declaration on the Srantlng of lndepe[der:.ce to colonla]' countrie s ard d.espite the resoluttons adopted by the Genera'1 Assernbly at lts sirbeenth' eeventeentlt aJod. eLgtrlteenth sessions, d'esl)ite the reccrmendations of the ftleclal- connlttee, desplte the debates ln the securlty councl]- and despite the struggle, '!{ere often arued, vhleh had been vaged by the Bubiect peoplee, many territorles stlll r.rncler forelgn donlnation. The stubborn contempt shown by the colonlaL PoversfortheaspiratlonsandJ.egltlnaterightsofthecolonia}peoplesandthe fai]-ureofthosePo.werstoheedUnltedNationsresolutlonsconstitutedgrave threats to lnternational. peace and securlty ' 16. As tbe Specla1 Conrqlttee was not a pe:manent orga! of the Unlted Natlons' the process of decolonizatlon loust of necessity be acceLerated ' If the Specie^l- ComLttee was to pelforlo the task. entvusted. to 1t by the General Assernbly, the coLoniel Porcers vould have to reconsider their attitude to'erasdg it' The Posers Assenbl-y! s resolutlon r-956 (lfiiT1I) expressly requested' the ad:riinisterlng I toglvethelrfu]-Lgo.operationtotheftreelalConnl.tteeandtofacl].ltatethe ta6k of its sub-comltteeB and tlsitlng g"ou!s. In the rnal orlty of casee' both in Territories vhere an expJ-osive sltuation exlEted and ln the ma,1l, oparsely populated TerrltorLe6r the ftrectal Comlttee couJ'd hetp the administering Polrers 14 overcomlng neny dlfflcultles to the erbent that the real and sincere obJectlves of those Powers was to J-ead the peopJ-es under thelT adulnistrati.on to by ind.epend.ence. lhe speclal cormitteet s actlvttles shoul-d. not be regarded be the colonlal Po$ers as lnterference by the comlttee in vhat they consi.dered to their domestlc affalrs. under the provl slons of the ilniteti Nations c!:arber and the unlve"sal DecLaratlon of Huoas Rights, the internatione-L corouai.ty could. not renain lndlfferent. to the tra€lc fate of nllllons of peopl'e deprlved of thelr to lna-].ienab].e rlghts. He therefore appea,led again to the colonial- Potrerg co-operatesincerel.ygiththefueclalco@lttee,sothatthelatternl.ghtbetn a losition to Bubnit to the General Asseenbly at lts n:iaeteenth session a complete every reporb, lncludlng reccEmend.atlons regarding the accession to independence of colonlal Territory 1n confornlty vith the 1'ri shes of the popuJ'ations concerned ' ftre crises vhlcb had occurred. Iecently ln cerbain nelrly hd'ependent Sbate6 were AlFBoo hgJ:lsh Pg.ge 12

attrlbutable in: cerba-1n eases to the exl-stence of unsuitable struetures irher:ited. from the for:ner colonialist reglme, vblLe in other cases they lrere the sul ?il nsgi6n of practica l probLens created. and left ulxresolved. by the former admlbistering Po!,€rs. Hovever, Just as the ol-der natlons had e4perienced and overcone sirnJ ].ar crlses, the young Sbates vhlch riere eurrently undergolng theol vouLd aJ.so succeed ln findlngllayg and means of sulaounttng them. L7. The exercise of soverei.gnty \ras an lnaJ-Lenable rlght 61 all peoples, and. no cond.ltions shou].d be attached to it. AlL peoples ohould enJoy fi:J-L soyereignty and. deternlne themselves the condltlons of their national- existence. 18. Ihe sLruggJ.e aga;iast colon:ialLsr had become a pexr[anent lratchvord. of a].1. Govemments lrhlch bel:ieved Ln justice and regaxded. hulan dignlty as a unLvereal concept. In that req)ect, the Speclal- Comlttee wa,s not alone ln its end.eavou.rs. At the eecond ordlnary sesgion of tbe CounclL bf l4lnlsters of, the Organizatlon of AfrLcan Unity, whtch ras then neetlng j.n Lagos, the l-lquld.atlon of bol-onl.a]-lsro vas one of the key itene on the agetda. Tbe d.eclsions .nhlch vouLd be

. tahen there uouLd no doubt contribute to the speedy achievement of the ai.ms of the ftrecia-l Comlttee. p. AJ-though the pace at vhlch the coLonial- Terrltories l{ere attalnlng lnd.ependence vas vexXr slow, ol.''lng to the ob stlnacy of the coLonlal Povers, the Comlttee mxst not be d.lscoiiraged, but uust on the contra.ry pJ-an 1ts vork Eo as to press the attack on the Last rernnants of eoLorriaLisn and subndt to the Oeneral AosenbJ.y at lts nineteenth sesslon a reporb correrlng al'l the Terrltories nentloned ln paragraph 5 of resoLution f514 (XV). 20. Ee aLeo drelr the ConnLtbeet s attention to Genera]. Assenbl+ resolutlons 1899 (X\rlm) and L9?O (Xrffff), which had entrusted. nes. re sponstbl].itles to the Comaittee, and to the statements tfiich had been nad.e at the ei@teenth session of the GeneraJ. Assenbly durlng the d,ebate on the 1963 report. 2L. Ee rel-coned. those representativee vho vere nevcomers to the Colodttee and. erQressed. the hope that the lat1:ert s vork n'ould be cond,ucted ln an attxo 6phe"e of courbesy, r4utuaL understand.lng and. co-operatlon.

C. ORGANIZATIION OI' WOXK 22. The ftrecial- Cormittee dlscuseed the organ1.zation of its vo"k at lts 2J.pth to 222nd meetLrgs, at vhich genera-1- statement s we"e rdade by nenbero. t... n/FBeo Ergll sb Fage 17

21. [he representative of canbod.la eaid that 1n considerlng hclr its vork should be organized., the ComLttee shoul-d bear in rslnd resolution i956 (xffff ) of l-L Dece&ber L96t, Ln rhich the General Assenbly recluested "the Speclal Comlttee to continue to seek the best vays and means for'the L!@edlate and total appllcation of the Decfaration to aJ.]- terrltorles which have not yet attained lndependence", and resolution L97o (XVTI3 ) of 16 lecenber L963', in nhlcir the Assernbly, rrhile decldjng'to diFsoLve t] e conrrlttee on Inforulation f"om Non-Self- Governing Territorles, requested "the speclal coumrlttee to study this infomation the and take it fuLly lnto account ln exanining ttre oltuatlon l+ith regard to .t m.pJ-enentatlon of the DecLaratlon on the granting of independence to colonlaJ- countries and peoplee 1n each of the Non-Self-Governing Tevrltories" ' 2)4. fhe worklng nxethods and pxocedures vhich the Special- Conndttee had adopted lE :f962 and vtrich had been approved by the Gener€t As senbly In resolutlons 1B1O (XIII ) arfl, Lg56 ()fiIlII ) cou.Id be fol-Loved. In that conne:(Xon, hovever, he rr'Lshed to renlnd the Cormlttee that lt vas agreed that declsions reached. as as possibJ-e vithout having to voting, but that shouLd be far "ecouree the Connittee could aLvays declde to reEorb to a yote if, ln a partlcular case' a xepresente,tive felt that couJse to be neceesary. jlhe 2). flte documentation to be subrxltted by the Se cretaz'lat concelning territorles vhlch the Co@ittee plarmed to conslder vould contain, not only political and constitutlonal info:mation, but aLso - olr"ilg to the d.lssolutlon of the Corocittee of Infomatlon from lYon-Selj-Governing Territorles - a"l] the other lnfo:matlon sq&lied by the adrnr ntsterlng Powers und er Arbicle 'lJ, para€.raph Jt of the Charter. i]1 beine. 26. He proposed that the sub - comlttee on PetitLons BhouLd be kept The queetlon of the freedom of accese of aIL petltioners to United NatJ,one the Headquarters 'woul-d, have to be studled r+ltb the Secretariat, in the light of d.lscusslon on that subJpct ln the Fourbh commLttee d.urlng the elghteenth sessiorr of the General Assenbly. 0n the other hand, the recourse to rxi slting tn:i ssj-ons wa6 cormendable. The Secletary-Ceneralr s reporb on flnancia} iJryLlcationg on Adllnistratlve (L/C.5 /ggg) and. the thlrby-flrBt reporb of the Advl soxy Comlttee and Budgetary Questions had al-}oved. fo" the posslbl-e dispatch in a96I+ of a certaln A/r8]oo hgllst ?age 14 l nunber of those \rlsitlng nisslo!6 to Non-seLf-GovelnLng Te*ltoxies. Needless.to sey' the co-oBelation of the adnlnlsterlng po$ers would be necessar'for th.at pu-l:)ose. 27' fhe order of prlo"lty for conslderatlon of the Terrltorles could be detenslned, in consurtation wlth the ccumlttee, by a vorking g"ollp slnllar to the one set up In 1963' The conrnittee nlght ar-so estabr.ish study groups to conslder the s,oA.l.1 er Terrltories. Lastly, the prluciple that arnl adnloisterlng power vhlch va6 rrot a ne'ber of the comittee nust be lnvlted to tarre part 1n the dlscusslon of the Territorles for nhlch lt vas responslble ehoul-d be generally applied. 28' rn' 1963 the ccmalttee had conpreted considera.t'o. of tventy-slx [e""ltorres. ft stl1l had to consider thi.rty-five Terrltorie' ard to cdnplete con'lderatlon of flve others. He guggested that they rnlght be grouped as folJ-oFs: Group A, Terrltorles ia Africa and adjacent Terrltorles a,,d Telrltories fu Asia; grou! B, Carlbbean Terrl.torLes a.nd Western Atl_aatlc Territorles; grorrp Cr paclfic TerrLtorles TIre Trust ' rerrltorles cour-d be consrdered af,ter the neetlng of the Trusteeshlp coiraciL tn ,luae tg64. wlth regard to the Terrltorles rqhich had been coasldered fu r-96J, preJ-lnlnary a dl6cus6ion courd be held rrithin the contdct of the resolut'ons adopted ty the General AssenbJ.y at lts elghteenth sesslon, and the light of the important events 'o lrhrch had taken pJ-ace siace then. Tlley cour.d be consldered 1n detair- a r-lttr-e later, after the new Te*ltorles noere taken up. The task of coopleiing the rlst Qf re'"ltorles nolth req)ect to rbich the speciel Ccumlttee nas codq)etent, as deflned in operatlve paregreph 5 of resolutLon l-!14 (XV), nlght be entrusted to a working group. 29' Ttre representative of the unlon of sorrlet soclal'st Repubr.lcs expressed the hope that the gpectal comoltrbee vour-d, at the curreat sessicn, flnd and effectlve solutlons for the 'iru)lenentatlon 'peclfic of the Declaratlon on the granting of Lndependence to cor-onlar couatrles ard peoples, so that the co10niar. reg'nes fihlch stlll- exi sted ln so,e parbe of the vorr.d rnlght be speedlly aad compr-ete1y hquidated. 1o' The national liberatlon eovenents had affected aJ-r. the Territorles ensr.aved tn' col-ontal-1m. As the result of a, herolc .truggle, no",,e than !O rnl111on hunan belngs had shaken off the yoke of the colonlaL systee slnce 1960. Irler'r Statee, established on the ru1-ns of, fol:@er emplres, no!, pl-ayed an actlve pbrt In lnternatlonaL polltical Life. fn a deslre to deterrnlne thelr or,rn de'tlnles, they A/5800 Eng].l sh Page 15 vere not content v-Ith po]-ittcal- lnd.elendence, but arere seeking to acbleve econoldc a,utoaomy. fh.e d.ecislons taken by the united- Nations had playetl, and contlnued i:o play, an I ttrIlortaot ro]-e in that process. Tbe Declaratlon on the grantlllg of backlng independence to colonlal coutltrieE ai:d peopJ-ee provtdetl constderable !0ora1 forthepeopleBfl.gb.tl.Egforladependeoce4nd.freeaoe;itil]Ip].ledthattbeUnited. NatlonerecognlzedtheJ-egltiaacyand.justlceof,thelrstruggleandcondennedtbe actlon of tbe coLonial- Fowers to suppress tt. yotse col-onlaJ'1sm' tI. ove" 50 r0il-11on otber hurda! belngs were stil-L uader tbe of the The coLontal Polrers coEtlnued. Btubbornly to oppose the lmpLenentatlon of Dectaratlon ln Angota, Soutbernx Bllodesla, MozaBblque, BTltlsh Guiana' South West naoy other A.frica, Ad.eo anA a number of other Territorles' fbere were alEo IndlaB Terrlto3tles ln Afrlca, AB1a, Iatln soerlca, and ln the Saclflc' Atlantic and ghs the Oceens, vhlch rve"e stll-i- in col-onlal- status' 361.9alalJ ste flouted' dectslons taken by tbe Genera.L Assembly end. the security councll for the aBBl-1cat'lon of the Decla"atlon becau6e of thelr deslre.to nalntaln thelr nllltery' Btrateglc' the polltical- and. ecoooolc interests aod to perTetuate thelr e:q)loitatloo of fa'ctors colonlal- peopleB. Co].ordaJ-i s va6 unwll].lng to recognlze the bistortcal uhlcb proEpted tbe alrakenlng of the peoples of colonl.es aJod' 6en1-co].on1eB' or t'be naturalness of tbat proceBsl It waB unll-llling to abaildon - to use the erq)resslon aDd of l{arl lvlarx, the found.er of Ecleniiflc coEl[u]1lsm - lte zoo].oglca,l outlookr ex!] olted' contend,ed. that nature ltself nade tnasters and. olaves, expl-olters and ColoniaLleEx uu,s unrd1-ling to retlre frolr the a'rena of blstoryi ald therefore pressuf€r Iesorbed to the u6e of arned. forces, baeesp aad ecooorLc and- politlcal eought to keep triben the co].onlalldtB vere obllged to wlthdJav fron a colony, they toots 1n the country by aLL posslbl.e neens, uslng every klnd of devlce and served thelr otrategen - J mFoslng e].ectlons vheneverr as 1n Britj'sh Guiana, lt purpose, but refusing thee shen, as ln Ma].ta, electlons were not to thelr advaota€ei cres,tlng arbiflclal federatlons; Btirring up trlbal varsi eDcouraglng probleno separatlsb movelee.nts; ljlstigatlng terrttorlal or border dlstrlutes; creating lshele none exlsted; a:rd so forbh. 12. If tbe total Uquidatton of the col.onJ-al- eystern rias to be aehlevedl the must Unlted Nations, and aJ-l- sbates lfu1ch tru'ly desired the end' of colonlaLisB' 1961+ must be 'co reAouble thelr efforts. The naln task of the Special ConiLlttee in x,/5800 EbeJ-i sh ?age 16 I d'evise speeiflc neasu"es to ensufe tbat the Declaratloa on the grantlng of lnd.epend.ence \rou.Id be fuLly and. speedlly i r4llenented. in aJ.l- col_onla"]- ter3ltories, r'/'lthout exceptton, before L!6!, vhich'erouLd be International Co-operation year. !o end. that the $pecia,l co@r,ttee should lay dora foi each rerrltory preclse tlne- Ll'olts, lthlch 6hou-r-d. be ag ebort ee posslbJ.e, for the r-lquldatlon of tbe cor-onlar reg:ine notr"CthstantUng the argueent, rchLch xrae sure to be advanced. by the adnJnlstering .were inot Povers, that the peoll-e yet readirtt or rere ttlncapabJ_e,' of gove"ntug thenselves. $rch an argument vao d.ally dlsproved. ln the cou.trles vhtch had. reoe'tly becone lnd.epend.ent, vhere the proeeeo of staffing every str,"ere of publlc and cuLtu?ar- 11fe v'ith lndlgenous pe"sonner. vas tene of tr.nes more rapld. thar ulder coLonl-a]. irul_e. Tlxe 31' sorlet Governnebt consldered. that the connlttee of [wenty-Four shourd. concentrate prlnarlly on e:€ndning the nanner ln vhlch the colonle,r polrers had carrled out the d.ecLslons of the oeneral Assenbr-y and. the securlty counclr- regard.lng the graating of ind.epend_ence to the porbugueBe col-oniee (A::gola, rrPortugueee" Mozamblque and Guilea), southsn Rhod.esia, souur l,Iest Afrr.ce,, Brltlsrx Gula'a, Ad.en and. other cor.onlar rerritorle'. [he goriet ur,lo! a€reed w1th the secretary-Qqaerel that the colorlttee shouJ.d. give specla]- attentLon.bo d.eveLoBnepts 1n the coLonLal Terrlto"ies since ttl Lg65 sesslon, bearing 1n nlhd. the reBorutr"ons ad.opted. by the ceneral Asserrbly e,t its etghteenth 6egslon. rt should. InrrLte the col-onial Povers to state unequlvocar-ry uhat 4)eclflc measures they lroBosed to take ln the l@ed'iate future to glve effect to unlted Natlons ir.ec16ioos, and. l]x the light those of statements it ebould. consid.er lrhat fi.mctlone it had. to perforn as a result of the abol-ltlon of the co"mtttee oB rnfon,atlon fron Non-ser.f-Governlng Terrltortes. The cor-onlal povers ehould. subnit to the comdttee, not info''atlon regard'lng tnd.lvldual nlnor reforus that they intend.ed. to carr? out ln. the Terrltories urid-er thelr arlrnl nl stration, but lnfo*atlon on the &es,sures vhlctr 'peclfic they had. taken or proposed. to take in the innedtate fi:t're ln ord.er to grant lnd'epend.ence to thelr coroniar. possesslons. rt nas the connlttee r g duty to carl upon the col-onla]. Polrers to subolt reporte on the .trFLenentatlon of the aforementloned. d.ecr.slons a,nd., vhere neces'ary, to d.lspatch sleclar- alssr.on. to the