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August-Magazine-2019.Pdf 9 1 0 2 - T S U G U A Article 370 From State to Union Territory ARTICLE 370 Ladakh becomes a UT without Legislature Jammu and Kashmir becomes a UT with Legislature National Register Anti-Lynching Merger of G7 of Citizens (NRC) Laws Banks Fault lines in Defeating Is it the panacea for Shaping the responses to Assam’s NRC Mobocracy India’s economic woes? global challenges TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. POLITY 01 • UDAN -Giving wings to better air connectivity • Deliberate, don’t disrupt: On Budget session • US Federal Reserve’s rate cut • Fast-Track Courts (FTC) • World Biofuel Day • Giving voice sample does not violate privacy, says SC • Himachal Pradesh Freedom of Religion Bill, 2019 3. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 40 • Inter-State River Water Disputes (Amendment) Bill, 2019 • An end to arms control consensus • Polygraph, Narcoanalysis Tests • Falaq • Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Bill, 2019 • Fortifying the Africa outreach • Article 370 • Free fall: On the Afghan conflict • G7 • Henley Passport Index 2. ECONOMY 17 • India- Bahrain relations • ANUBHAV Awards, 2019 • Manasarovar • Bond Yields • Narendra Modi’s Bhutan visit • Centre of Excellence” for Citrus Fruit • Order of Zayed • CSR: On Companies Act amendments • President of India in Guinea • Development Banks • Pulling a Vietnam in Afghanistan • Farm Pond • SpaceCom (U.S. launches command for space warfare) • FDI Policy Reform- Tinkering for optics • U.S. to open Greenland consulate • GI Tag to new Products • What will happen if Pakistan closes its airspace to India? • Increasing investment to stimulate growth • Yemen Crisis • Jal Jeevan Mission • Kisan Network App • Merger of Banks 4. SOCIAL ISSUES 53 • Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2019 • Anti-Lynching Laws • Mukhya Mantri Krishi Ashirwad Yojna • Campaign Angikaar & E-Course on Vulnerability Atlas • Pashmina Products Receive BIS Certification • Child Well-Being Index • PM Ujjwala Yojana- Cooking with gas, not wood • Finding the data on missing girls • Portal for Affordable Credit and Interest Subvention • Honor Killing Access (PAiSA) • National Trust • Rajaswa Gyan Sangam • Protection of Children from Sexual Offences • RBI issues final norms for regulatory sandbox (Amendment) Bill, 2019 • RBI transfer ‘surplus’ to government • San-Sadhan’ Hackathon • RBI’s Goldilocks cut: On repo rate cut • The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Bill, 2019 • Sabka Vishwas-Legacy Dispute Resolution Scheme, 2019 • Unnao Rape Case • SEBI’s liberalized norms for FPIs • UP, Delhi and Rajasthan among worst performers in breastfeeding • State Rooftop Solar Attractiveness Index (SARAL) • Why is age of marriage different for men and women? • Tirur Vettila obtains GI tag • Women Transforming India Awards • Uber for tractors • World Tribal Day 5. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 67 9. ART AND CULTURE 93 • Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research • Gallery of Confiscated and Retrieved Antiquities (FEDOR) • Indus Valley seals carried meaning like modern coins do, • Indian National Science Academy (INSA) shows study • Japan approves growing human organs in animals for the • Kondapalli Toys first time • Mogao Caves • Nila Gumbad • Prachi River Valley Civilisation 6. SECURITY AND DEFENSE 69 • Assam’s final NRC • Relics found by ASI in Maharastra’s Phupgaon • Chief of Defence Staff • Shyamoli • China issues white paper on national defence • Homeland Security Conference 10. GEOGRAPHY 98 • How the forces protect VIPs? • Gj 357 d • India’s doctrine of Nuclear No First Use • Kajin Sara Lake • Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile (QRSAM) • Mapping of Soil Worms • Perseid Meteor Shower 7. ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY 78 • Amazon’s Rainforest Fire 11. EDUCATION 100 • Anshupa Lake • NISHTHA (National Initiative for School Heads and Teachers • Bandipur adds value worth Rs.6,405 cr. Holistic Advancement) • Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) • ‘Samagra Shiksha-Jal Suraksha’ Drive • Clouded Leopard/ Neofelis Nebulosa • Shagun • Composite Water Management Index (CWMI 2.0) • TechEx • Glyptothorax Gopii and Garra Simbalbaraensis • Urkund • Koundinya Forests • Krishna Wildlife Sanctuary (KWS) 12. DISASTER MANAGEMENT 102 • Heracles Inexpectatus • Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) • Vaquita/ Phocoena Sinus • Kerala Landslides • Wild Buffaloes • World Elephant Day • The taproot of conservation justice 13. MISCELLANEOUS 104 • IPCC special report on climate change • Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award • Lessons after the great deluge. • Underground Bunker Museum • Rare tarantula sighted in Villupuram district • World Youth Conference on Kindness 8. HEALTH ISSUES 88 14. PRELIMS PRACTICE QUESTIONS 115 • Fit India Movement • Janaushadhi Sugam • Kalaazar 15. ANSWER KEY 118 • National Essential Diagnostics List • No formalin found in fish imported to Goa: minister • PET bottles have no toxic Chemicals • The Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019 • The risks of legalising cannabis 16. MAINS PRACTICE QUESTIONS 121 17. INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPTS 124 Click Here Click Here Click Here Click Here AUGUST-2019 1 POLITY 1. Deliberate, don’t disrupt: On Budget session • These committees have in the past been useful in expanding discussion over laws with civil society and Context: experts from various streams of the larger society. • Vice President has urged all political parties to include * They have also facilitated an enhanced cross- code of conduct for MPs and MLAs in their election party coordination over issues. manifestoes • By not sending a single Bill among the 28 that Details were introduced and passed to a standing or • The Vice President of India and the Chairman, Rajya select committee for scrutiny, the current session Sabha, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu has called upon all accentuated the trend that has minimised the political parties to incorporate a code of conduct for importance of such committees over the last few people’s representatives, including MPs and MLAs, in years. their election manifestos. Key Stats • The code of conduct should include stipulations that • Unlike the 15th Lok Sabha (2009-2014), when 71% the members would not enter the well of the house, of the bills were referred to such committees, in the nor resort to sloganeering and disruptions or any 16th Lok Sabha, they constituted only a fourth of the other unruly behavior such as tearing papers and overall number of bills. throwing them in the House. • Time spent on debates in the current session in both Background the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha was barely a third • In the past lawmakers have taken the route of of the overall business. This does not augur well for organised disruption of legislative business. lawmaking. • It has become common among the political parties Conclusion and legislators to demonstratively advertise their • As Mr. Naidu has also pointed out correctly, points of view without recourse to debate. deliberation is an important component of • A number of crucial bills have taken an inordinate time parliamentary democracy apart from legislation and to be enacted due to disruption, while others were accountability of lawmakers. All three aspects must not enacted despite a broad consensus — such as the cohere for a thoroughgoing procedural democracy. Women’s Reservation Bill — due to the behaviour of a few naysayers. 2. Fast-Track Courts (FTC) • Many sessions of Parliament in the recent past saw Background little business being done due to repeated disruption. • FTC’s are set up with the major objective of enabling In this context, Vice President Venkaiah Naidu’s exhortation quick and efficient disposal of cases. to political parties to incorporate a model code of conduct * They are established to expeditiously dispose of for their legislators in State Assemblies and in Parliament long pending cases in the Sessions Courts and is welcome. long pending cases of Under trial prisoners. Inference • The term of scheme on the Fast Track Courts were • If indeed parties adopt a code, it will go a long way in recommended by the Eleventh Finance Commission making parliamentary work meaningful. • They were actualized though an executive scheme (as • Otherwise, the general public will lose interest in the opposed to a statute of the legislature) procedural aspects of parliamentary democracy and • Fast-track courts (FTCs) have been around for a long limit their participation to just voting in the elections. time, with the first ones being established in the year 2000. Need for deliberation not disruption • The current Budget session sailed through with Context: minimal disruption. Yet the high productivity during • Smriti Irani, Minister for Women and Child the session came without sufficient deliberation over Development, informed the Rajya Sabha that the crucial bills, several of which were rushed through government has proposed to set up 1,023 fast-track without vetting by parliamentary standing and select courts to clear the cases under the Protection of committees. Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act For guidance contact us on +91 9243500460 AUGUST-2019 2 Stats Why FTC have not met intended objective? • To quote the Ministry of Law and Justice, at the end • The original concept of fast-track courts envisaged of March, there were 581 FTCs operational in the the hiring of additional judges and new infrastructure, country, with approximately 5.9 lakh pending cases, including courtrooms, technological facilities and Uttar Pradesh having the most number of cases. libraries, this has not happened and fast-track courts now function with existing infrastructure and no • However, 56% of
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