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Untersuchungen Zum Helminthenbefall Beim Kormoran Aus dem Institut für Parasitologie der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig Untersuchungen zum Helminthenbefall beim Kormoran (Phalacrocorax carbo ) und Graureiher ( Ardea cinerea ) aus sächsischen Teichwirtschaften– ein Beitrag zu Parasitenbefall, Epidemiologie und Schadwirkung Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doctor medicinae veterinariae (Dr. med. vet.) durch die Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig eingereicht von Susann Oßmann aus Leipzig Leipzig, 2008 Mit Genehmigung der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig ٠Prof. Dr. Karsten Fehlhaber :Dekan Dekanat, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig Leipzig ٠Prof. Dr. Arwid Daugschies :Betreuer Institut für Parasitologie, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig Leipzig ٠Prof. Dr. Arwid Daugschies :Gutachter Institut für Parasitologie, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig Leipzig ٠Prof. Dr. Maria-Elisabeth Krautwald-Junghans Polyklinik für Vögel und Reptilien, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig Leipzig ٠Dr. Norbert Kummerfeld Klinik für Zier- und Wildvögel, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover Hannover Tag der Verteidigung: 19. Februar 2008 Meinen Großeltern Der Beginn aller Wissenschaften ist das Erstaunen, dass die Dinge sind, wie sie sind. Aristoteles Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung .................................................................................................................................. 1 2 Literaturübersicht .................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Taxonomische Einordnung ..................................................................................................... 2 2.1.1 Graureiher ( Ardea cinerea L., 1758) und Silberreiher ( Casmerodius albus L., 1758)........ 2 2.1.2 Kormoran ( Phalacrocorax carbo L., 1758)......................................................................... 5 2.1.3 Silbermöwe ( Larus argentatus Pontoppidan, 1763)............................................................ 8 2.2 Taxonomische Einordnung, Biologie und Epidemiologie der Endoparasiten von Graureiher, Silberreiher, Kormoran und Silbermöwe aus Sachsen ........................................ 9 2.2.1 Zestoden ............................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1.1 Ordnung: Cyclophyllida.................................................................................................... 9 Familie: Gryporhynchidae ................................................................................................ 9 Paradilepis scolecina (Rudolphi, 1819) Hsu, 1935........................................................ 10 Neogryporhynchus cheilancristrotus (Wedl, 1855) Baer & Bona, 1960........................ 10 Familie: Dilepididae........................................................................................................ 11 Echinocotyle verschureni (Baer, 1951)........................................................................... 11 2.2.1.2 Ordnung: Pseudophyllida................................................................................................ 11 Familie: Ligulidae........................................................................................................... 11 Ligula intestinalis Goeze, 1782 ...................................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Trematoden ........................................................................................................................ 12 2.2.2.1 Ordnung Opistorchiida.................................................................................................... 12 Familie Opistorchiidae.................................................................................................... 12 Metorchis xanthosomus Creplin, 1846 ........................................................................... 12 2.2.2.2 Ordnung Heterophyata.................................................................................................... 13 Familie Heterophyidae.................................................................................................... 13 Apophallus mühlingi (Jägerskiöld, 1899) Lühe, 1909.................................................... 13 2.2.2.3 Ordnung Strigeidida........................................................................................................ 14 Familie Strigeidae ........................................................................................................... 14 Apharyngostrigea cornu (Zeder, 1800) Ciurea, 1927..................................................... 14 Familie Diplostomidae.................................................................................................... 16 Diplostomum pseudospathaceum Niewiadomska, 1984................................................. 16 Hysteromorpha triloba (Rudolphi, 1819) Lutz, 1931..................................................... 17 Posthodiplostomum cuticola Dubois, 1936 (v. Nordmann, 1832) ................................. 18 Tylodelphis excavata Szidat, 1935 (Rudolphi, 1803) ..................................................... 19 2.2.2.4 Ordnung Cyathocotylides ............................................................................................... 20 Familie Cyathocotylidae ................................................................................................. 20 Holostephanus dubinini Vojtek und Vojtkova, 1968 ..................................................... 20 2.2.2.5 Ordnung Renicolida........................................................................................................ 21 Familie Renicolidae ........................................................................................................ 21 Renicola lari Timon-David, 1933................................................................................... 21 2.2.2.6 Ordnung Echinostomata.................................................................................................. 22 Familie Echinostomatidae............................................................................................... 22 Paryphostomum radiatum (Dujardin,1845).................................................................... 22 Petasiger exaeretus Dietz, 1909 ..................................................................................... 23 Petasiger phalacrocoracis Yamaguti, 1939 ................................................................... 24 Echinoasmus belocephalus Linstow, 1873..................................................................... 24 2.2.2.7 Ordnung Clinostomida.................................................................................................... 25 Familie Clinostomidae.................................................................................................... 25 Clinostomum complanatum Rudolphi, 1814 .................................................................. 25 2.2.2.8 Schistosomatida .............................................................................................................. 26 Familie Bilharziellidae.................................................................................................... 26 Bilharziella polonica Kowalewski, 1895........................................................................ 26 2.2.3 Nematoden ......................................................................................................................... 27 2.2.3.1 Ordnung Spirurida .......................................................................................................... 27 Familie Acuariidae.......................................................................................................... 28 Cosmocephalus obvelatus (Creplin, 1825) ..................................................................... 28 Paracuaria tridentata Linstow, 1877 ............................................................................. 29 Syncuaria squamata (Linstow, 1883) Wong, Anderson & Bartlett, 1986...................... 29 Familie Desmidocercidae................................................................................................ 30 Desmidocercella numidica (Seurat, 1920)...................................................................... 31 Desmidocercella incognita Solonistin, 1932.................................................................. 31 Familie Dracunculidae.................................................................................................... 32 Avioserpens galliardi Chabaud & Campana, 1949......................................................... 32 2.2.3.2 Rhabditata ....................................................................................................................... 33 Familie Syngamidae........................................................................................................ 33 Cyathostoma microspiculum (Skrjabin, 1915) ............................................................... 33 2.2.3.3 Ordnung Ascaridoidea .................................................................................................... 34 Familie Anisakidae ......................................................................................................... 34 Contracaecum rudolphii Hartwich, 1964 ....................................................................... 34 2.2.3.4 Ordnung Trichocephalida
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