Carquinez Strait Wildflowers

A photographic guide to showy wildflowers of Carquinez Strait Regional Shoreline

Sorted by Flower Color

Photographs by Wilde Legard Botanist, East Bay Regional Park District Revision: February 23, 2007 More than 2,000 species of native and naturalized plants grow wild in the San Francisco Bay Area. Most are very difficult to identify without the help of good illustrations. This is designed to be a simple, color photo guide to help you identify some of these plants.

The selection of showy wildflowers displayed in this guide is by no means complete. The intent is to expand the quality and quantity of photos over time. The revision date is shown on the cover and on the header of each photo page. A comprehensive plant list for this area (including the many species not found in this publication) can be downloaded at the East Bay Regional Park District’s wild plant download page at: http://www.ebparks.org.

This guide is published electronically in Adobe Acrobat® format to accommodate these planned updates. You have permission to freely download and distribute, and print this pdf for individual use. You are not allowed to sell the electronic or printed versions.

In this version of the guide, only showy wildflowers are included. These wildflowers are sorted first by flower color, then by plant family (similar flower types), and finally by scientific name within each family. Under each photograph are four lines of information, based on the current standard wild plant reference for California: The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California, 1993.

Common Name These non-standard names are based on Jepson and other local references. Scientific Name Scientific names revised since 1993 are NOT included in this edition. Origin & Longevity Native or Introduced. Annual, Biennial, Perennial, or a combination. Family Name The common plant family name according to Jepson.

For readers that prefer a more comprehensive guide, sorted by scientific name, please download the “wild plants” version of this guide.

Readers are encouraged to email any suggestions or corrections to [email protected].

California Buckeye Common Yard Knotweed Poison Hemlock Cow Parsnip Aesculus californica Polygonum arenastrum Conium maculatum Heracleum lanatum Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Biennial Native Perennial Buckeye Family Buckwheat Family Carrot Family Carrot Family

Shepherd's Needle Hillside Gooseberry Common / California Manroot Blue Elderberry Scandix pecten-veneris Ribes californicum var. californicum Marah fabaceus Sambucus mexicana Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Carrot Family Gooseberry Family Gourd Family Honeysuckle Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline White Page 2 of 20

Common Soap Plant Common Star Lily Alkali Mallow Common Horehound Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum Zigadenus fremontii Malvella leprosa Marrubium vulgare Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Lily Family Lily Family Mallow Family Mint Family

Climbing Morning Glory Shortstem Morning Glory Field Bindweed Slender Peren. Peppergrass Calystegia purpurata ssp. purpurata Calystegia subacaulis ssp. subacaulis Convolvulus arvensis Lepidium latifolium Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Introduced Perennial Morning-Glory Family Morning-Glory Family Morning-Glory Family Mustard Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline White Page 3 of 20

White Water Cress Blue Gum White Sweet Clover Thimble Clover Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum Eucalyptus globulus Melilotus alba Trifolium microdon Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Introduced Annual-Biennial Native Annual Mustard Family Myrtle Family Pea Family Pea Family

White Clover Subterranean Clover Bicolor Linanthus Mouse-ear Chickweed Trifolium repens Trifolium subterraneum Linanthus bicolor Cerastium glomeratum Introduced Perennial Introduced Annual Native Annual Introduced Annual Pea Family Pea Family Phlox Family Pink Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline White Page 4 of 20

Windmill Pink Common Chickweed California Dwarf Plantain English Plantain Silene gallica Stellaria media Plantago erecta Plantago lanceolata Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Native Annual Introduced Annual Pink Family Pink Family Plantain Family Plantain Family

Common Miner's Lettuce Creambush / Ocean Spray Oso Berry Western Chokecherry Claytonia perfoliata ssp. perfoliata Holodiscus discolor Oemleria cerasiformis Prunus virginiana var. demissa Native Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Purslane Family Rose Family Rose Family Rose Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline White Page 5 of 20

Himalayan Blackberry Native California Blackberry Woodland Star Valley Tassels Rubus discolor Rubus ursinus Lithophragma affine Castilleja attenuata Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Rose Family Rose Family Saxifrage Family Snapdragon Family

Yarrow Blow Wives Mayweed California Everlasting Achillea millefolium Achyrachaena mollis Anthemis cotula Gnaphalium californicum Native Perennial Native Annual Introduced Annual Native Biennial Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline White Page 6 of 20

Hayfield Tarweed Slender Cottonweed Wild Teasel Variable-leaf Nemophila Hemizonia congesta ssp. luzulaefolia Micropus californicus var. californicus Dipsacus sativus Nemophila heterophylla Native Perennial Native Annual Introduced Biennial Native Annual Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Teasel Family Waterleaf Family

Rock Phacelia Phacelia imbricata ssp. imbricata Native Perennial Waterleaf Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Yellow Page 7 of 20

Common Fiddleneck California Buttercup Prickleseed Buttercup Puncture Vine Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia Ranunculus californicus Ranunculus muricatus Tribulus terrestris Native Annual Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Borage Family Buttercup Family Buttercup Family Caltrop Family

Sweet Fennel Pacific Woodland Sanicle Western Leatherwood Mt. Diablo Fairy Lantern Foeniculum vulgare Sanicula crassicaulis Dirca occidentalis Calochortus pulchellus Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Carrot Family Carrot Family Daphne Family Lily Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Yellow Page 8 of 20

Erect-pod Winter Cress Black Mustard Yellow Field Mustard Yellow Charlock Barbarea orthoceras Brassica nigra Brassica rapa Sinapis arvensis Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Mustard Family Mustard Family Mustard Family Mustard Family

Creeping Wood Sorrel Bermuda Buttercup Bird's-foot Deerweed Deerweed Oxalis corniculata Oxalis pes-caprae Lotus corniculatus Lotus scoparius var. scoparius Introduced Perennial Introduced Perennial Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Oxalis Family Oxalis Family Pea Family Pea Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Yellow Page 9 of 20

California Lotus Gully Lupine California Bur Clover Sour Clover Lotus wrangelianus Lupinus microcarpus var. densiflorus Medicago polymorpha Melilotus indica Native Annual Native Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual-Biennial Pea Family Pea Family Pea Family Pea Family

Shamrock Clover Bush Monkey Flower Golden Monkey Flower Yellow Johnny-tuck Trifolium dubium Mimulus aurantiacus Mimulus guttatus Triphysaria eriantha ssp. eriantha Introduced Annual Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Pea Family Snapdragon Family Snapdragon Family Snapdragon Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Yellow Page 10 of 20

Large-flower Native Dandelion Tocalote Yellow Star Thistle Pineapple Weed Agoseris grandiflora Centaurea melitensis Centaurea solstitialis Chamomilla suaveolens Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family

Brass Buttons Golden Yarrow Mt. Diablo Helianthella Smooth Cat's-ear Cotula coronopifolia Eriophyllum confertiflorum var. confertiflorum Helianthella castanea Hypochaeris glabra Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Yellow Page 11 of 20

Rough Cat's-ear Common Tidytips Common / Coast Tarweed Bristly Ox-tongue Hypochaeris radicata Layia platyglossa Madia sativa Picris echioides Introduced Perennial Native Annual Native Annual Introduced Annual-Biennial Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family

Common Groundsel Prickly Sow Thistle Common Sow Thistle Narrow-leaf Mule's Ear Senecio vulgaris Sonchus asper ssp. asper Sonchus oleraceus Wyethia angustifolia Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Native Perennial Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Pink/Purple Page 12 of 20

Rattlesnake Weed Purple Sanicle Small Clarkia Elegant Clarkia Daucus pusillus Sanicula bipinnatifida Clarkia affinis Clarkia unguiculata Native Annual Native Perennial Native Annual Native Annual Carrot Family Carrot Family Evening Primrose Family Evening Primrose Family

Panicled / Weedy Willowherb Alkali Heath Long-beaked Filaree Red-stem Filaree Epilobium brachycarpum Frankenia salina Erodium botrys Erodium cicutarium Native Annual Native Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Evening Primrose Family Frankenia Family Geranium Family Geranium Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Pink/Purple Page 13 of 20

White-stem Filaree Purpletip Cut-leaf Geranium Hairy Dove's Foot Geranium Pink / Serrated Onion Erodium moschatum Geranium dissectum Geranium molle Allium serra Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Native Perennial Geranium Family Geranium Family Geranium Family Lily Family

Ithuriel's Spear Grass Poly Loosestrife Blue Field Madder Bull Mallow Triteleia laxa Lythrum hyssopifolium Sherardia arvensis Malva nicaeensis Native Perennial Introduced Annual-Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual Lily Family Loosestrife Family Madder Family Mallow Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Pink/Purple Page 14 of 20

Common Checkerbloom California Milkweed Common Rigid Hedge Nettle Wild Radish Sidalcea malvaeflora ssp. malvaeflora Asclepias californica Stachys ajugoides var. rigida Raphanus sativus Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Introduced Annual Mallow Family Milkweed Family Mint Family Mustard Family

Pale Purple Pacific Pea California Tea Tree Clover Pinpoint Clover Lathyrus vestitus var. vestitus Rupertia physodes Trifolium ciliolatum Trifolium gracilentum var. gracilentum Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Native Annual Pea Family Pea Family Pea Family Pea Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Pink/Purple Page 15 of 20

Rose Clover Small-head Clover Tomcat Clover Spring Vetch Trifolium hirtum Trifolium microcephalum Trifolium willdenovii Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Introduced Annual Native Annual Native Annual Introduced Annual Pea Family Pea Family Pea Family Pea Family

Winter Vetch Ruby Sand Spurry Mosquitobills Shooting Star Magenta Red Maids Vicia villosa ssp. varia Spergularia rubra Dodecatheon hendersonii Calandrinia ciliata Introduced Annual-Biennial Introduced Annual-Perennial Native Perennial Native Annual Pea Family Pink Family Primrose Family Purslane Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Pink/Purple Page 16 of 20

California Wild Rose Bellardia Common Owl's Clover Purple Owl's Clover Rosa californica Bellardia trixago Castilleja densiflora ssp. densiflora Castilleja exserta ssp. exserta Native Perennial Introduced Annual Native Annual Native Annual Rose Family Snapdragon Family Snapdragon Family Snapdragon Family

Chinese Houses Italian Thistle Purple Star Thistle Bull Thistle Collinsia heterophylla Carduus pycnocephalus Centaurea calcitrapa Cirsium vulgare Native Annual Introduced Annual Introduced Annual-Biennial Introduced Biennial Snapdragon Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Pink/Purple Page 17 of 20

Cardoon / Artichoke Thistle Weedy Cudweed Milk Thistle Purple Salsify Cynara cardunculus Gnaphalium luteo-album Silybum marianum Tragopogon porrifolius Introduced Perennial Introduced Annual Introduced Annual-Biennial Introduced Biennial-Perennial Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family Sunflower Family

Lemon Verbena Robust Vervain California / Rock Phacelia Phyla nodiflora var. nodiflora Verbena lasiostachys var. scabrida Phacelia californica Native Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Vervain Family Vervain Family Waterleaf Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Blue Page 18 of 20

Large Hound's Tongue Greater Periwinkle Blue-eyed Grass Blue Dicks Cynoglossum grande Vinca major Sisyrinchium bellum Dichelostemma capitatum ssp. capitatum Native Perennial Introduced Perennial Native Perennial Native Perennial Borage Family Dogbane Family Iris Family Lily Family

Ookow Miniature Dove Lupine Douglas Sky Lupine Arroyo Lupine Dichelostemma congestum Lupinus bicolor Lupinus nanus Lupinus succulentus Native Perennial Native Annual Native Annual Native Annual Lily Family Pea Family Pea Family Pea Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Blue Page 19 of 20

Baby Blue-eyes Nemophila menziesii var. menziesii Native Annual Waterleaf Family revision 2/23/2007 Wildflowers ofCarquinez Strait Regional Shoreline Red/Orange Page 20 of 20

California Poppy Wind Poppy Scarlet Pimpernel Common Indian Paintbrush Eschscholzia californica Stylomecon heterophylla Anagallis arvensis Castilleja affinis ssp. affinis Native Perennial Native Annual Introduced Annual Native Perennial Poppy Family Poppy Family Primrose Family Snapdragon Family

Woolly Paintbrush California Figwort Castilleja foliolosa Scrophularia californica ssp. californica Native Perennial Native Perennial Snapdragon Family Snapdragon Family