APPENDIX G

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT AND ARBORIST REPORTS

Biological Resources Assessment for the Sufi Church Project

Contra Costa County, California

Prepared for: Meher Schools

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Prepared for: Meher Schools 999 Leland Drive Lafayette, CA 94549 925-938-9958

Prepared by: EDAW 2099 Mt. Diablo Blvd., Suite 204 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 (925) 279-0580

June 18, 2008

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT FOR THE PROPOSED SUFI CHURCH PROJECT, CONTRA COSTA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

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The information provided in this document is intended solely for the use and benefit of Meher Schools. No other person or entity shall be entitled to rely on the services, opinions, recommendations, plans or specifications provided herein, without the express written consent of EDAW, 2099 Mt. Diablo Blvd., Suite 204, Walnut Creek, CA 94596.

G-3 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY...... i 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND METHODS ...... 1 2.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS...... 5 2.1 SETTING...... 5 2.2 PLANT COMMUNITIES AND WILDLIFE HABITATS...... 5 3.0 SPECIAL-STATUS BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES...... 7 3.1 SPECIAL-STATUS PLANTS ...... 7 3.2 SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE...... 8 3.3 WILDLIFE SPECIES OBSERVED...... 19 3.4 WILDLIFE MOVEMENT CORRIDORS AND HABITAT FRAGMENTATION...... 21 3.5 SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITIES...... 21 4.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...... 22 4.1 SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITIES...... 22 4.2 SPECIAL-STATUS ...... 22 4.3 SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE...... 22 5.0 REFERENCES ...... 24

G-4 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1. PROJECT VICINITY MAP ...... 3 FIGURE 2. AERIAL MAP WITH PROPERTY IDENTIFICATIONS AND BOUNDARIES ...... 4

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 1. POTENTIALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES...... 20

LIST OF APPENDICES

A POTENTIALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES B POTENTIALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE SPECIES C EXPLANATION OF SENSITIVITY STATUS CODES D PHOTOGRAPHIC INDEX AND SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

G-5 SUMMARY

EDAW, Inc. conducted a reconnaissance-level biological assessment and preliminary jurisdictional determination for the approximate 3-acre site for the proposed Sufi Church project in unincorporated Walnut Creek, Contra Costa County, California.

EDAW biologists Marylee Guinon and Angie Harbin-Ireland conducted a site reconnaissance on February 22, 2008. This report presents our findings and is intended to assist Contra Costa County in the review process for the proposed project. Marylee Guinon conducted a formal wetland delineation and jurisdictional determination for the subject property during the February 22 site visit in accordance with the procedures outlined in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and the Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West Region (USACE 2006). No jurisdictional wetlands or waters of the U.S. were found to occur on the site.

Focused wildlife surveys or botanical surveys were not conducted as part of this reconnaissance-level site evaluation. However, based on the reconnaissance survey, the highly disturbed nature of this “in-fill” site, and an assessment of habitats on site, certain special-status plant and animal species are not expected to occur or can be entirely ruled out. Findings concluded that there is potential for nesting birds in the trees and potential for roosting bats in a few structures on the site. Potential impacts to these species can be avoided by conducting pre-construction surveys. In the event an active nest is found, construction setbacks can avoid disturbance until birds have fledged. In the event roosting bats are found in a structure prior to construction, these can be evicted by qualified biologists to fully avoid impacts. No other sensitive plant and wildlife species are expected to occur at this site.

Based on the site evaluation, the study area contains no jurisdictional waters or wetlands under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). The February 2008 site visit was conducted at an optimal time to detect jurisdictional wetlands and waters because the visit followed significant rains. In addition, the site does not support creek, ponds or wetland habitats regulated by the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG).

Based on the present study, all of the 52 potentially occurring special-status plant species considered in this analysis can be presumed absent from the study area either due to lack of suitable habitat, or the expectation that they would have been detectable during the site visit. No further plant studies are recommended to determine species presence or absence.

Within the study area, the potential presence of several special-status wildlife species in this region were ruled out, including Western pond turtle, a California species of special concern, California red-legged frog, a federally listed threatened and California species of special concern, foothill yellow-legged frog, a California species of special concern, and Alameda whipsnake, federally listed threatened and California-listed threatened species. The site is highly disturbed and supports no riparian, wetland or coastal scrub, and chaparral habitats, the habitats that potentially support these species. However, several special-status

G-6 bird and bat species have some potential to nest or roost on site due to the presence of some large trees. Common bird species which receive protection under DFG Code and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act have a potential to nest within the trees.

Based on our findings and an assessment of regional species occurrences and on-site habitats, EDAW recommends the following measures:

Pre-construction surveys for nesting raptors, other birds, and roosting bats should be conducted prior to any tree removal, pruning of limb, grading, or initiation of construction activities.

G-7 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND METHODS

EDAW was contracted by the Meher Schools to conduct a reconnaissance-level biological assessment for the approximate 3-acre Sufi church project located near the intersection of Boulevard Way and Kinney Drive in unincorporated Walnut Creek, Contra Costa County, California (Figure 1). The site extends along the south side of Boulevard Way for more than 700 feet northeast of the intersection at Kinney Drive. The Sufi Church site is located in Sections 3 and 10, Township 1 South, Range 2 West, as depicted on the Las Trampas Ridge U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle. The study area coincides with the proposed project site, i.e. it was not deemed necessary to expand the study area to evaluate potential biological resources. In this report the project area is synonymous with the study area. This report presents the results of our site reconnaissance and background research and includes a discussion of the existing conditions on site. Recommendations for further studies and focused biological surveys are also provided.

EDAW biologists Marylee Guinon and Angie Harbin-Ireland conducted a site reconnaissance on February 22, 2008. The entire study area was surveyed on foot, including the property boundary to evaluate drainage patterns on adjacent parcels. Prior to conducting fieldwork, a search was made of the California Natural Diversity Data Base (CNDDB) for the USGS 7.5-minute Walnut Creek quadrangle, and the eight adjacent quadrangles (DFG 2007a). Also reviewed were biological studies for other properties in the vicinity of the study area.

This survey was intended to evaluate potential on-site habitat types (including wetlands and waters of the U.S.) and an assessment of the potential for occurrence of special-status plant and wildlife species. Focused wildlife surveys or botanical surveys were not conducted as part of this reconnaissance-level site evaluation. However, based on the reconnaissance survey, the highly disturbed nature of this “in-fill” site, and an assessment of habitats on site, certain special-status plant and animal species are not expected to occur or can be entirely ruled out. Findings concluded that there is potential for nesting birds in the trees and potential for roosting bats in a few structures on the site. Potential impacts to these species can be avoided by conducting pre-construction surveys. In the event an active nest is found, construction setbacks can avoid disturbance until birds have fledged. In the event roosting bats are found in a structure prior to construction, these can be evicted by qualified biologists to fully avoid impacts. No other sensitive plant and wildlife species are expected to occur at this site.

Marylee Guinon conducted a formal wetland delineation and jurisdictional determination for the subject property during the February 22 site visit in accordance with the procedures outlined in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and the Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West Region (USACE 2006). Based on the site evaluation, the study area contains no jurisdictional waters or wetlands under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). The February 2008 site visit was conducted at an optimal time to detect jurisdictional wetlands and waters because the visit followed significant rains. In addition,

G-8 the site does not support creek, ponds or wetland habitats regulated by the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG).

Nomenclature used throughout this report conforms to Hickman (1993) for plants except where noted. Nomenclature for special-status plant species conforms to the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG 2007b, c) and the California Native Plant Society (CNPS 2001, 2007); nomenclature for special-status animals conforms to the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG 2006a, b); nomenclature for sensitive natural communities conforms to the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG 2003, Holland 1986). Nomenclature for wildlife conforms to Sibley (2003) for birds, Stebbins (2003) for reptiles and amphibians, and Jameson Jr. and Peeters (2004) for mammals.

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G-10 SANCUTARY FOR SUFISM REORIENTED

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The study area encompasses approximately 3.12 acres of developed land situated south of Boulevard Way near the intersection of Boulevard Way and Kinney Drive. The site is in unincorporated Walnut Creek just west of the downtown of the City of Walnut Creek (Figure 2). Developed single-family and multi-family residential parcels, and a major roadway border the study area on all sides. Because the buildings are currently, or until recently occupied, the surrounding land is either paved or landscaped and maintained. A number of occupied buildings are on the subject parcels, most of which will be demolished. The parsonage structure will remain under the proposed plan. There is one abandoned unoccupied house that will be demolished and it has the potential to support bat species; however, no sign of roosting bats was detected during the February site visit. A detailed tree survey report was prepared by Joseph McNeil, Consulting Arborist (May 15, 2007).This report describes and maps the larger trees that have the potential to support nesting birds, and that will be the target for pre-construction nesting surveys.

2.2 PLANT COMMUNITIES AND WILDLIFE HABITATS

The property supports highly disturbed lands characterized by ruderal vegetation and ornamental landscape. Only the trees mapped by certified Arborist Joseph McNeil are relevant to this report. McNeil’s map shows an aerial view that depicts the buildings, ornamental landscaping and paved areas, as well as the trees.

Wildlife habitats are typically distinguished by vegetation type, with varying combinations of plant species providing different resources for use by wildlife. The following is a discussion of the single existing habitat found on site and the wildlife species it has the potential to support. Because the 3-acre site is “in-fill” in nature, its value to wildlife species is greater for those species that can persist in disturbed areas with little habitat complexity, and are habituated to human activities. Potential species for this disturbed landscape includes roosting bats and nesting birds. All impact to these potentially occurring species can be avoided with pre-construction surveys and avoidance measures if the species are detected.

Disturbed/ Landscaped Lands

Disturbed lands are those on which the native vegetation has been completely removed by grading, cultivation, and development. Disturbed areas include paved and unpaved roadways, quarries, vacant lots, developments, parking areas, and storage yards. Such areas are not expected to support any naturally occurring vegetation, although invasive native and non-native plant species frequently colonize disturbed sites. Landscaped lands are similarly disturbed, in that all or most of the native vegetation has been removed and replaced with ornamental species. Disturbed and landscaped areas have little potential to support unique or rare botanical resources.

Disturbed/landscaped lands within the study area include the single-family residential buildings, paved areas, and the ornamental landscaping associated with the home sites.

G-12 Ornamental species found within the study area include Monterey and Aleppo pines, acacia, Canary Island Date palm, false cypress, Chinese elm, Chinese tallow, hawthorn, mulberry, Raywood ash, Siberian elm, eucalyptus, English ivy, periwinkle, turf grasses, Himalayan blackberry, St. John's wort, and ruderal weeds, among others. Disturbed/landscaped lands as they occur on site are not specifically described by Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf (1995) and would be classified as upland following Cowardin et al. (1979). Native trees growing on the site include Coat live oak (Quercus agrifolia) and Valley oak (Quercus lobata). The project proposes to remove three Coast live oaks (diameters of 13, 18, 8 inches) and four Valley oaks (diameters of 23, 27, 10, 18 inches).

Wildlife species generally associated with disturbed lands include, among other species, raccoon (Procyon lotor), opossum (Didelphus virginianus), European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), and mourning dove (Zenaida macroura). Killdeer (Charadrius vociferous) are also often associated with open disturbed substrates. Wildlife that feeds upon seeds or other parts of ruderal and ornamental vegetation includes such species as finches, goldfinches, sparrows, and a variety of rodents. Insects present in disturbed and ornamental habitats provide food for species such as western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta), blackbirds, loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus), and western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis). This community can support a variety of predators including snakes, various raptors, and red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Large diameter trees provide excellent nesting habitat for raptors, including red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), and American kestrel (Falco sparverius).

G-13 3.0 SPECIAL-STATUS BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES

Prior to conducting fieldwork, the California Natural Diversity Data Base (CDFG 2007a) was reviewed for the most recent distribution information for special-status plant and animal species within the Walnut Creek quadrangle and the eight surrounding adjacent quadrangles.

Information on special-status plant species was compiled through a review of the California Native Plant Society's Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of California (CNPS 2001, 2007), the California Department of Fish and Game’s State and Federally Listed Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants of California (CDFG 2007c) and Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List (CDFG 2007b), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Rule (USFWS 1996, 1997, 2001, 2004) and Federal Endangered and Threatened Species List for the region (USFWS 2007). Also reviewed was Unusual and Significant Plants of Alameda and Contra Costa Counties (Lake 2001).

Information on special-status animal species was compiled through a review of the California Natural Diversity Database (CDFG 2007a), the California Department of Fish and Game’s State and Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Animals of California (CDFG 2006b) and Special Animals List (CDFG 2006a), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Rule (USFWS 1996, 1997, 2001, 2004) and Federal Endangered and Threatened Species List for the region (USFWS 2007).

3.1 SPECIAL-STATUS PLANTS

Special-status plant species include those listed as endangered, threatened, rare or those species proposed for listing by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS 1996, 1997, 2001, 2004), the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG 2007b,c) and the California Native Plant Society (CNPS 2001, 2007). The California Native Plant Society’s listing is sanctioned by the California Department of Fish and Game and serves essentially as their list of “candidate” plant species. The CNPS List 1B and List 2 species are considered eligible for state listing as endangered or threatened under the California Department of Fish and Game Code. Such species should be fully considered during preparation of environmental documents subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The CNPS List 3 and List 4 species are considered to be either plants about which more information is needed or are uncommon enough that their status should be regularly monitored. Such plants may be eligible or may become eligible for state listing, and the California Native Plant Society and California Department of Fish and Game recommend that these species be evaluated for consideration during the preparation of CEQA documents.

Based on a literature review and a familiarity with the flora within the project region, a total of 52 special-status plant species were considered to have at least some potential to occur within the region or have been recorded historically in the project vicinity (Appendix A). Of those, all 52 were determined to have no potential to be present on site due to an absence of suitable habitat, or presumed absent because they would have been detected during the current surveys. There are several special-status plant species known from within 5 miles of

G-14 the study area. The closest known occurrence of any special-status plant species is Diablo helianthella (Helianthella castanea), CNPS List 1B, over 3 miles east of the study area. One of two extant native populations of California black walnut (Juglans hindsii), CNPS List 1B, is located west of the study area in Lafayette.

Within 5 miles of the study area are occurrences of Diablo helianthella, Hall’s bush mallow (Malacothamnus hallii), CNPS List 1B, Contra Costa Manzanita (Actostaphylos Manzanita ssp. laevigata), CNPS List 1B, fragrant fritillary (Fritillaria liliacea), CNPS List 1B, and Mt. Diablo jewel-flower (Streptanthus hispidus), CNPS List 1B, located in and around Diablo Foothills Regional Park. Diablo helianthella and bent-flowered fiddleneck (Amsinckia lunaris), CNPS List 1B, are found in and around Las Trampas Regional Wilderness to the south of the study area. Bent-flowered fiddleneck, robust monardella (Monardella villosa ssp. globosa), CNPS List 1B, round-leaved fillaree (California macrophylla), CNPS List 1B, and Oakland star-tulip (Calochortus umbellatus), CNPS List 4, occur to the southwest in Moraga valley. To the west, in Lafayette Reservoir Recreational Area and Briones Regional Park, are occurrences of Diablo helianthella, bent-flowered fiddleneck, and Mt. Diablo fairy-lantern (Calochortus pulchellus), CNPS List 1B. Of the 52 plant species considered, all were determined to have no potential to be present on site due to an absence of suitable habitat, or presumed absent because they would have been detected during the current surveys.

3.2 SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE

Special-status animal species include those listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service under the federal Endangered Species Act (USFWS 1996, 1997, 2001, and 2004) and by the California Department of Fish and Game under the California Endangered Species Act (CDFG 2006a, b). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service officially lists species as either threatened, endangered, or as candidates for listing. Additional species receive federal protection under the Bald Eagle Protection Act (e.g., bald eagle, golden eagle), the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and state protection under CEQA §15380(d). All birds, except European starlings, English house sparrows, and rock doves (pigeons), are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. However, non-migratory game birds are protected under California Fish and Game Code §3503. Many other species are considered by the California Department of Fish and Game to be California species of special concern, listed in Remsen (1978), Williams (1986), and CDFG (2006b). In addition, the California Department of Fish and Game’s California Natural Diversity Database tracks species within California for which there is conservation concern, including many which are not formally listed, and assigns them a CNDDB Rank (CDFG 2006a). Although California species of special concern and species that are tracked by the CNDDB but not formally listed are afforded no official legal status, they may receive special consideration during the CEQA review process. The California Department of Fish and Game further classifies some species under the following categories: "Fully Protected", "Protected birds" (California Department of Fish and Game Code §3511), "Protected mammals" (California Department of Fish and Game Code §4700), "Protected amphibian" California Department of Fish and Game Code §5050 and Chapter 5, §41), "Protected reptile" (California Department of Fish and Game Code §5050 and Chapter 5, §42), and "Protected fish" (California Department of Fish and Game Code §5515). The designation "Protected" indicates that a species may not be taken or

G-15 possessed except under special permit from California Department of Fish and Game; "Fully Protected" indicates that a species can be taken for scientific purposes by permit only (CDFG 2006a). The Fish and Game Code §§3503, 3505, and 3800 prohibits the take, destruction or possession of any bird, nest or egg of any bird except English house sparrows and European starlings unless express authorization is obtained from California Department of Fish and Game.

Based on a literature review and a familiarity with the fauna within the project region, a total of 65 special-status animal species were considered to have at least some potential to occur within the region or have been recorded historically in the project vicinity (Appendix B). Special status wildlife species associated with habitats not present on the site are not discussed in this report. For a full listing of all species considered as part of this project, see Appendix B. Those special-status species that have potential to occur on site and/or are prominent in the present regulatory environment are discussed in detail herein.

Invertebrates

Several special-status invertebrate species were considered during the preparation of this report because the study area falls within or in the vicinity of the historical range of these species, including longhorn fairy shrimp (Branchinecta longiantenna), federally listed endangered, vernal pool fairy shrimp (Branchinecta lynchi), federally listed threatened, San Bruno elfin butterfly (Desmocerus californicus dimorphus), federally listed endangered, bay checkerspot butterfly (Eupydryas editha bayensis), federally listed threatened, vernal pool tadpole shrimp (Lepidurus packardi), federally listed endangered, California linderiella or California fairy shrimp (Linderiella occidentalis), a CNDDB tracked species, and callippe silverspot butterfly (Speyeria callippe callippe), federally listed endangered. Potential habitat within the study area is absent; therefore these species are not expected to occur. There are no vernal pools or seasonal wetlands to support the fairy shrimp or tadpole shrimp species, and the study area is beyond the range of the valley elderberry longhorn beetle. There is also a lack of open hillside habitat and potential host plants that could provide support for the listed butterfly species. The Antioch efferian robberfly is not expected to occur as there are no recent occurrences in the region nor open grassland habitat comparable to that of locations where robberfly occurrences have been recorded.

Bridges’ Coast Range Shoulderband Snail The Bridges’ Coast Range shoulderband snail (Helminthoglypta nickliniana bridgesii), a species tracked by the California Natural Diversity Database, occurs in many habitats, including tall grassland, thistles, weeds, and rock piles. They have also been found underneath woody debris under streamside oak woodland (Roth 1999). The Bridge’s Coast Range shoulderband snail range includes Contra Costa County and northern Alameda Counties. It has been recorded on the west slope of the Berkeley Hills and along San Pablo Creek, San Pablo Ridge above Wildcat Creek, Point Isabel, near the Caldecott Tunnel, Moraga Canyon, Coyote Gulch in Moraga, Marsh Creek Canyon, near Marsh Creek Springs, and Tilden Park (Roth 1999).

Potential habitat does not exist for Bridge’s Coast Range shoulderband snail on the site. There have been no occurrences reported within five miles of the study area. As such,

G-16 Bridge’s coast range shoulderband snail is considered to have no potential to occur on site. Because this species is a former candidate for listing by USFWS, distributional information on this snail is maintained by CNDDB.

Fish

Several special-status fish species were considered during the preparation of this report because the study area falls within or in the vicinity of the historical range of these species, including green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris), federally listed threatened and California species of special concern, Sacramento perch (Archplites interruptus), California species of special concern, tidewater goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi), federally listed endangered and California species of special concern, delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), federally listed and state-listed threatened, central California coast ESU and central valley ESU steelhead, federally listed threatened, central valley spring run ESU and winter run ESU Chinook salmon (Onchoryhncus tshawytscha), federally listed and state-listed threatened and federally listed and state-listed endangered, respectively, and Sacramento splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus), a California species of special concern. Due to the lack of suitable habitat, there is no potential for occurrence of fish species within the study area.

Amphibians Several special-status amphibian species were considered during the preparation of this report because the study area falls within or in the vicinity of the historical range of these species, including California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense), federally listed threatened and California species of special concern. However, based on the absence of suitable habitat, this species is not expected to occur on site (see Appendix B), but is discussed due its prominence in the regulatory environment and historical occurrences in the vicinity.

California Tiger Salamander

The California tiger salamander (Central Population), federally listed threatened and a California species of special concern, is a relatively large, terrestrial salamander that inhabits grasslands and oak savanna habitats in the valleys and low hills of central and northern California (Storer 1925, Stebbins 2003, Barry and Shaffer 1994, USFWS 2004). The California tiger salamander has been recorded from all of the nine Bay Area counties at elevations ranging from approximately 10 to 3,500 feet above mean sea level (Shaffer and Fisher 1991). California tiger salamanders appear to be in the initial stages of habitat fragmentation and decline (Fisher and Shaffer 1996). They require vernal pools, ponds (natural or man-made), or semi-permanent calm waters (where ponded water is present for a minimum of three to four months) for breeding and larval maturation, and adjacent upland areas that contain small mammal burrows or other suitable refugia for aestivation.

Adult California tiger salamanders spend most of their lives underground in small mammal burrows typically those of Beechey’s (=California) ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) (Loredo et al. 1996). Adults emerge from underground retreats to feed, court and breed during warm winter rains typically from November through March. Adults may migrate long distances, up to a kilometer or more, to reach pools for breeding and egg laying

G-17 (Jennings and Hayes 1994). The eggs are attached singly or in small groups of 2-4 to vegetation under water or directly on the bottom of the pool if emergent vegetation is sparse or nonexistent (Storer 1925, Jennings and Hayes 1994). After hatching in about 10-14 days the larvae continue to develop in the pools for several months until they metamorphose, which takes a minimum of 10 weeks (Anderson 1968, Feaver 1971).

Following metamorphosis, juvenile salamanders seek refugia, typically mammal burrows, traveling distances of 1.6 km (about 1 mile) or more from their breeding sites (Austin and Shaffer 1992) in which they may remain until they emerge during a warm rain (Trenham et al. 2000). California tiger salamander populations and breeding habits are vitally influenced by environmental conditions including seasonal rainfall and pond duration (Loredo and Van Vuren 1996). California tiger salamanders are dependent on the integrity of both breeding ponds and adjacent upland habitat, especially long-lasting vernal pool complexes (Jennings and Hayes 1994). The alteration of either habitat component through the introduction of exotic predators or the construction of barriers, e.g. roads, berms, and certain types of fences, that fragments habitat and reduces connectivity can be detrimental to the survival of the California tiger salamander (Jennings and Hayes 1994).

The site does not fall within federally designated California tiger salamander Central California DPS Critical Habitat. None of the proposed Critical Habitat units in Contra Costa County were included in the final designation of California tiger salamander Critical Habitat due their inclusion in the East Contra Costa Habitat Conservation Plan (Jones and Stokes 2006).

Three occurrences of California tiger salamander are known within five miles of the study site, observed in 1938, 1952, and 1954 (Figure 5). California tiger salamander is recognized as being extirpated from these recorded sites (Jennings and Hayes 1994). Thus the study site is not in the vicinity or within dispersal range of any recent known occurrences (CDFG 2007a). Given the lack of suitable habitat and recent known occurrences, California tiger salamander are not expected to occur on site.

California Red-legged Frog

The California red-legged frog (Rana (=aurora draytonii) draytonii) is federally listed threatened and a California species of special concern. Optimal habitat includes ponds, stream courses, permanent pools (Storer 1925) and intermittent streams fed by drainage areas no larger than 300 km2 (Hayes and Jennings 1988, USFWS 2004). This species occurs between sea level and 1,500 meters (5,000 feet) in elevation (USFWS 2004). Typical habitat characteristics include water depth of at least 0.7 meters (2.5 feet), largely intact emergent or shoreline vegetation, e.g. cattails (Typha spp.), tules (Scirpus spp.) or willows (Salix spp.), and absence of competitors/predators such as bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (Hayes and Jennings 1988). However, according to Jennings (pers. comm. 2003), California red-legged frog will use a wide variety of habitats, including temporary pools and streams, permanent watercourses, ponds, concrete-lined pools, isolated wells, stock ponds absent of shoreline vegetation, and refuse piles near ponds. However, permanent aquatic habitat is essential to the survival of local California red-legged frog populations.

G-18 Adults are highly aquatic and are most active at night (Storer 1925). California red-legged frogs also make use of terrestrial habitat, especially after precipitation events for non- migratory forays into adjacent upland habitats and for migratory overland movements to breeding sites. In a study conducted by Bulger et al. (2003) at a coastal site in northern Santa Cruz County, California red-legged frog typically remained within 5 meters (16 feet) of aquatic habitat during dry periods, but moved into upland habitat as far as 130 meters (426 feet) during summer rains. Overland routes were often highly oriented toward the nearest pond and were typically traversed in direct, point-to-point movements with little to no preference or avoidance toward any particular topography or habitat type. California red- legged frogs were documented to migrate between aquatic sites at distances up to 3,200 meters (approximately two miles).

Breeding typically begins between November and mid-December and lasts through April in most years, but is dictated by winter rainfall (Stebbins 2003, Jennings and Hayes 1994, Bulger et al. 2003). Breeding typically occurs in permanent ponds and may occur in slower water of streams (i.e. pools or backwaters) (Hayes and Jennings 1988). At breeding sites males call in groups, or leks, of three to seven individuals to attract females (Jennings and Hayes 1994). During amplexus (breeding posture), eggs are fertilized by the male while the female deposits the egg mass on emergent vegetation (Storer 1925, Jennings and Hayes 1994). However, breeding has also been documented to occur in ponds that lack emergent vegetation (Bobzien et al. 2000). Larvae typically hatch in six to twenty-two days and metamorphosis is usually completed in four to five months (Bobzien et al. 2000, Jennings and Hayes 1994). There have been several documented cases of tadpoles overwintering to then metamorphose the following spring (Storer 1925, Fellers et al. 2001, Bobzien et al. 2000). Males and females usually attain sexual maturity at two and three years, respectively (Jennings and Hayes 1994).

The study area does not fall within federally designated California red-legged frog Critical Habitat, the closest of which is Critical Habitat Unit CCS-1A in Contra Costa County (USFWS 2006a), located several miles northeast of the study area. This critical habitat is displaced from the study site by multiple barriers including hillsides and ridgelines as well as multiple residential roads, many throughways, and the major California State Highway 24.

The closest recorded occurrence (1994) of the red-legged frog to the study area is over two miles southwest in Las Trampas Creek, in the Burton Valley near to Moraga. Several more- recent (in the past 10 years) protocol-focused surveys in upper and lower Las Trampas Creek have shown negative findings, supporting a widely held belief that the California red- legged frog is eventually extirpated from densely populated urban areas. Dependable breeding sites for this frog are largely stock ponds. Breeding habitat is essential to the continuation of this species. These frogs are known to travel from a breeding pond to another permanent water source, such as a stock pond or lake. Even if red-legged frog were to occur in the nearby lower reach of Las Trampas Creek, there is no such water body to attract dispersing frogs to cross the study area. Given the lack of suitable dispersal and breeding habitat on the site, the lack of breeding sites in the area, the numerous surveys showing negative findings in the general area, and the distance and barriers from the site to Las Trampas Creek, there is no potential for occurrence in the study area.

G-19 Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog

The foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii), a California species of special concern, is a moderate-sized (37-82 mm SUL [snout-urostyle length]) frog that inhabits the Coast Range from the Oregon border to San Luis Obispo County and the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada. This species occurs from sea level to about 6,000 feet in elevation (Stebbins 2003, Jennings and Hayes 1994). Historically, the foothill yellow-legged frog occurred in most Pacific drainages west of the Sierra/Cascade Crest, and was found from Marion County, Oregon to Los Angeles County, California. It has been extirpated from most historic locations in southern California and throughout much of the foothills in the Sierra Nevada (Jennings and Hayes 1994).

Information regarding the life history of this species is limited (Jennings and Hayes 1994). The foothill yellow-legged frog occurs in rocky stream habitats, usually in woodland, chaparral or forest, with little to no pooling or bank vegetation cover (Stebbins 2003). These frogs are highly aquatic and when disturbed will dive to the bottom of the stream for cover (Stebbins 2003). Breeding occurs mid-March to early June after high flows have subsided (Stebbins 2003) in shallow, slow flowing water, usually pebble/cobble river bars along pools and riffles. Under natural flow regimes, foothill yellow-legged frog has been observed to deposit eggs earlier in the breeding season during drought conditions (Kupferberg 1996). Egg masses are usually attached to the downstream side of cobbles or pebble in backwater pools (Lind and Welsh 1996), but have also been found attached to aquatic vegetation, woody debris, and gravel. Alterations of natural flow regimes in lotic systems due to flood control and reservoir construction have caused loss of egg masses during high flows as well as desiccation during low flows (Kupferberg 1996).

Eggs typically hatch within five to thirty days or more, with metamorphosis taking three to four months (Zweifel 1955). Larvae are often difficult to observe in a flowing stream environment, and can appear similar to juvenile western toads (Bufo boreas). Metamorphosis occurs between July and September, so metamorphs require perennial streams or at least watercourses that flow late in the season. Tadpoles feed on algae, while adults feed on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates. Tadpoles appear to be negatively affected by non-native species such as predatory fish and bullfrogs due to predation and competition (Kupferberg 1997, Hayes and Jennings 1988). Numerous aquatic insects, garter snakes, and birds prey upon tadpoles, while predatory fish and mammals and birds prey upon adults.

Threats to the foothill yellow-legged frog include altered flow regimes from the construction of reservoirs leading to loss of breeding habitat, high flow releases which can scour egg masses off the substrate, and low flows in the spring leading to desiccation of egg masses. Siltation of the stream course due to activities such as urban development, landslides and logging can cause smothering of the eggs, loss of larval habitat (the interstitial spaces between substrate used for refugia), and a reduction in the aquatic invertebrate abundance, which serves as the prey base for adult frogs.

One occurrence of foothill yellow-legged frog is known in the surrounding nine quadrangles, observed in 1997. This occurrence was located over five miles away to the west of the study site (CDFG 2007a). Given that the yellow-legged frog prefers a cobble or

G-20 rocky substrate, there is no suitable breeding habitat present within the study area. Given the lack of suitable habitat and recent known occurrences and their distance from the site, there is no potential for occurrence of foothill yellow-legged frog in the study area.

Reptiles Special-status reptile species were considered during the preparation of this report because the study area falls within or in the vicinity of the historical range of these species, including the California horned lizard (Phrynosoma coronatum frontale), a California species of special concern. However, based on the absence of suitable habitat and lack of recent occurrences in the region, this species is not expected to occur on site (Appendix B).

Western Pond Turtle

The western pond turtle (Clemmys marmorata), a California species of special concern, is the only fresh-water turtle native to greater California (Storer 1930). The literature describes two subspecies of western pond turtle; the northwestern pond turtle (C. m. marmorata) and the southwestern pond turtle (C. m. pallida). Overall, western pond turtles are habitat generalists, and have been observed in slow-moving rivers and streams (e.g. in oxbows), lakes, reservoirs, permanent and ephemeral wetlands, stock ponds, and sewage treatment plants. They prefer aquatic habitat with refugia such as undercut banks and submerged vegetation (Holland 1994), and require emergent basking sites such as mud banks, rocks, logs, and root wads to thermoregulate their body temperature (Holland 1994, Bash 1999).

Western pond turtles regularly utilize upland terrestrial habitats, most often during the summer and winter, especially for oviposition (females), overwintering, aseasonal terrestrial habitat use, and overland dispersal (Reese 1996, Holland 1994). Females have been reported ranging as far as 500 meters (1,640 feet) from a watercourse to find suitable nesting habitat (Reese and Welsh 1997). Nest sites are most often situated on south- or west-facing slopes, are sparsely vegetated with short grasses or forbs, and are scraped in sands or hard-packed, dry, silt or clay soils (Holland 1994, Rathbun et al. 1992, Holte 1994, Reese and Welsh 1997). Western pond turtles exhibit high site fidelity, returning in sequential years to the same terrestrial site to nest or overwinter (Reese 1996).

Females lay their clutch as early as late April in southern and Central California to late July, although they predominantly lay in June and July. In the early morning or late afternoon, gravid females leave the water and move upland to nest (Holland 1994). Natural incubation times vary, ranging from 80 – 100+ days in California. In northern California and Oregon, hatchlings remain in the nest after hatching and overwinter, emerging in the spring. In southern and central California, those that don’t overwinter emerge from the nest in the early fall (Holland 1994).

Western pond turtle is known from areas around the region including San Pablo Reservoir, Mount Diablo State Park, along Bolinas Creek (a tributary of Crow Creek) and Alamo Creek. The nearest occurrence reported by CDFG (2007a) is Pine Creek Pond, over five miles east of the study area. None of the occurrences are closely connected by hydrology to Las Trampas Creek. No known occurrences are present within five miles of the site CDFG

G-21 (2007a). Given the lack of recent occurrences in the area and lack of suitable habitat, there is no potential for occurrence in the study site.

Alameda Whipsnake

The Alameda whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus), federally and state-listed threatened, is a fast moving, diurnal snake with large eyes like all species within the genus Masticophis (Stebbins 2003). It is also known as the “Alameda striped racer” (Stebbins 2003). It typically measures three to five feet in length, with a fairly wide head and slender neck. The Alameda whipsnake is considered to be a subspecies of the California whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis), which ranges from Red Bluff in northern California to Central Baja California, inhabiting the Coast Ranges and foothills of the Sierra Nevada. The Alameda whipsnake is restricted to the hills of Alameda, Contra Costa, and northern Santa Clara counties within the San Francisco Bay region (Stebbins 2003). There are five remaining populations with little to no genetic flow between them: Sobrante Ridge, Oakland Hills, Hayward Hills, Mount Diablo vicinity, the Black Hills, and Wauhab Ridge. This regional restriction corresponds to the distribution of coastal scrub and chaparral within the area (Stebbins 2003). This habitat restriction may reflect the species’ preference for friable, well- drained soils. The Alameda whipsnake is distinguished from other California whipsnakes by the thickness of the orange stripes on its sides.

Primary habitats for Alameda whipsnake typically include east, southeast, south and southwest facing slopes containing coastal scrub and chaparral, including rock outcrops that are within approximately 0.5 miles (Swaim 1994). However, current unpublished data suggests Alameda whipsnake may also utilize a wider range of habitat types. Canopy cover within these habitats is typically open (over 75 percent cover of total area) with little to no herbaceous understory (Swaim 1994). Recent telemetry data indicate that, although home ranges of Alameda whipsnakes are centered on shrub communities, whipsnakes frequently venture into adjacent habitats, including grassland, oak savanna, and occasionally oak-bay woodland. Swaim (1994) recorded male Alameda whipsnake home ranges of 1.9 ha (4.7 acres) to 8.8 ha (21.7 acres).

Grassland habitats are used by male whipsnakes most extensively during the mating season in spring. Female whipsnakes use grassland areas most extensively after mating, possibly in their search for suitable egg-laying sites (Swaim 1994). Rock outcrops can be an important feature of Alameda whipsnake habitat because they provide retreat opportunities for whipsnakes and support lizard populations. Lizards, especially the western fence lizard, appear to be the primary prey item of whipsnakes (Stebbins 2003, Swaim 1994, Ellis 1987), although other prey items are taken, including skinks, frogs, snakes, and birds (Stebbins 2003, Swaim 1994).

Alameda whipsnake retreat in November into hibernacula and have been reported emerging March-April, with the males emerging from their hibernacula first (Ellis 1987). Courtship and mating occurs from late-March to mid-June. Hatchlings emerge in the first part of August through November (Swaim, pers. comm. 1996).

G-22 The site does not fall within federally designated Alameda whipsnake Critical Habitat. The Alameda whipsnake is known to occur within two miles of the study site. The study area does not contain coastal scrub and chaparral habitat normally used by the Alameda whipsnake. In addition, the study site lacks natural rock outcroppings that are preferred by the Alameda whipsnake where its major prey source of western fence lizards is found. Due to the lack of suitable habitat at the site and the lack of biological connectivity of the site to known occurrences of Alameda whipsnake, there is no potential for occurrence of this snake species.

Birds

Several special-status bird species were considered during the preparation of this report because the study area falls within or in the vicinity of the historical range of these species, including tricolored blackbird (Agelaius tricolor), a California species of special concern, burrowing owl, (Athene cunicularia), a California species of special concern, California horned lark (Eremophila alpestris actia), a California species of special concern, prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus), a California species of special concern, American peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus anatum), state-listed endangered and California fully protected species, and Suisun and Alameda song sparrows (Melospiza melodia maxillaries and M. melodia pusillula), both California species of special concern. However, based on the absence of suitable habitat, these species are not expected to occur on site (Appendix B).

Raptors

Most raptors, such as golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), white-tailed kites (Elanus leucurus), red-tailed hawks, red-shouldered hawks, and Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperii), nest in mature, large coniferous or deciduous trees and use twigs or branches as nesting material. Smaller raptors such as American kestrel and western screech-owl (Otus kennicottii) may nest in cavities in anthropogenic structures and trees. Short-eared owls (Asio flammeus) and northern harriers (Circus cyaneus) nest on the ground in grassland, marshes, and agricultural fields with tall vegetation. Burrowing owls typically nest in small mammal burrows in open dry lands, but have been known to utilize any ground cavity of similar size as well as anthropogenic structures. Common raptors such as American kestrels, great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), common barn owl (Tyto alba), and red-tailed hawks could nest on site and are afforded protection under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and California Department of Fish and Game code. The nesting period for raptors generally occurs between December 15 and August 31. No active nests were detected during the February site visit.

The few larger native oak, and taller exotic trees on the site provide suitable nesting habitat for red-tailed hawk, Cooper’s hawk, a California species of special concern, sharp-shined hawk (Accipiter striatus), a California species of special concern, white-tailed kite, a California fully protected species, and long-eared owl (Asio otus), a California species of special concern. The potential for rodents to exist among the adjacent building complexes is moderate and thus provides foraging opportunities for these bird species. In addition, the surrounding ornamental landscapes in the neighborhood provide potential foraging

G-23 opportunities as they provide habitat for small reptiles, mammals, and birds. See Table 1 for the potential for each of these raptor species to occur on site.

Special-Status Passerine and Non-Passerine Landbirds

Passerines (perching birds) are a taxonomic grouping that consists of several families including swallows (Hirundinidae), larks (Alaudidae), crows, ravens and jays (Corvidae), shrikes (Laniidae), vireos (Vireonidae), finches (Fringillidae) and Emberizids (Emberizidae; warblers, sparrows, blackbirds, etc.), among others. Non-passerine land birds are a non- taxonomic based grouping typically used by ornithologists to categorize a loose assemblage of birds. Families grouped into this category include kingfishers (Alcedinidae), woodpeckers (Picidae), swifts (Apodidae), hummingbirds (Trochilidae), and pigeons and doves (Columbidae), among others. Habitat, nesting, and foraging requirements for these species are wide ranging, therefore outlining generic habitat requirements for this grouping is difficult. These species typically use most habitat types and are known to nest on the ground, in shrubs and trees, on buildings, under bridges, and within cavities, crevices, and created structures. Many of these species migrate long distances and all species except starlings, English house sparrows, and rock doves (pigeons), are protected under the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act and California Fish and Game Code. The nesting period for passerines and non-passerine land birds occurs between February 1 and August 31.

Passerines and non-passerine land birds were observed on site during the site reconnaissance. Suitable nesting and foraging habitat is present within the native and ornamental trees and shrubs on site. There is no riparian habitat within the study are, therefore the potential for several special-status passerine species is unlikely.

Mammals Several special-status mammal species were considered during the preparation of this report because the study area falls within or in the vicinity of the historical range of these species, including San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes macrotis mutica), federally listed endangered and state-listed threatened, salt-marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris), federally listed and state-listed endangered, Berkeley kangaroo rat (Dipodomys heermanni berkeleyensis), Alameda Island mole (Scapanus latimanus parvus), a California species of special concern, and Suisun shrew (Sorex ornatus sinuosus), a California species of special concern. However, based on the absence of suitable habitat and distance from known populations, these species are not expected to occur on site (Appendix B).

Special Status Bats There are ten known species of bats in California classified as California species of special concern (CDFG 2007a). Seven bat species have at least some potential to occur within the project area, including the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus), a California species of special concern, silver-haired bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans), a California species of special concern, hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), Townsend’s western big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii townsendii), a California species of special concern, western mastiff bat (Eumops perotis californicus), a California species of special concern, long-eared myotis bat (Myotis evotis), long-legged myotis bat (Myotis volans), and Yuma myotis bat (Myotis yumanensis) .

G-24 These species use mature trees, snags, crevices and created structures (such as buildings) for roosting, either for winter roosting (hibernacula) or for forming nursery colonies. Bats are generally site faithful and will not abandon an established roosting area unless disturbed.

Four occurrences of pallid bats are reported within five miles of the study site, with the closest occurrence within two miles of the study site. Eleven occurrences are reported within the Walnut Creek quadrangle and the adjacent surrounding quadrangles (CDFG 2007a). The pallid bat, like other bats, has roosting and maternity site opportunities within the study area, mainly in trees, but also in building structures, which encounter little or no disturbance. Because no roosting bats were detected in the abandoned residence during the February 2008 survey, the potential for occurrence of the pallid bat is low. However, pre-construction surveys are recommended because bats could feasibly move into and occupy the site.

Four occurrences of hoary bat and one occurrence of the silver-haired bat are known within the Walnut Creek quadrangle and the adjacent surrounding quadrangles, although none of these occurrences are within five miles of the study site (CDFG 2007a). Taking into account the few previous occurrences but given the potential habitat available on site, these species and other special-status bat species discussed above have a low potential to occur in the study site.

American Badger

The American badger (Taxidea taxus), a California Species of Special Concern, is a carnivore in the family Mustelidae (weasels). They range throughout California except for the humid forested regions in the state’s extreme northwest (Larsen 1987). The American badger is most abundant in drier areas of shrub, forest, and herbaceous habitats, but can be found anywhere with friable soils and a suitable prey base (Albhorn 1988-1990). They have decreased substantially in abundance throughout their range since historic times, particularly in the Central Valley and northern Coast Range (Larsen 1987).

American badgers spend much of their time underground, where they prey primarily upon ground squirrels (Spermophilus spp.) and pocket gophers (Thomomys spp.), although they may also take other rodents, reptiles, birds, eggs, insects, and carrion (Williams 1986). Their front legs bear large claws adapted for digging after their prey in underground burrows, and they may dig extensively within levees, fields, and other areas with high concentrations of fossorial rodents (Jameson Jr. and Peeters 2004).

American badgers are active year-round, though they tend to have smaller home ranges in winter than in other seasons (Albhorn 1988-1990). Mating takes place in late summer, and one to four young are born in spring within a burrow complex, usually in areas of sparse overstory cover (Jameson Jr. and Peeters 2004, Albhorn 1988-1990).

There are no reported occurrences of American badger within ten miles of the study area in the CNDDB (CDFG 2007a). However, an American badger was recently killed by a vehicle on Ygnacio Valley Road approximately 6 miles from the study area (Adams, pers. comm., 2007). No suitable habitat for American badger occurs in the highly urbanized study area. In addition, there is a lack of abundant fossorial mammals for use as a prey base. Based on the

G-25 presence of no suitable habitat, American badger are considered to have no potential to occur within the study area.

3.3 WILDLIFE SPECIES OBSERVED

Wildlife species observed within the study area during the site reconnaissance include American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos), American robin (Turdus migratorius), Anna’s hummingbird (Calypte anna), American goldfinch (Carduelis tristis), and western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus).

G-26 Table 1. Potentially Occurring Special-Status Wildlife Species Potential for COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME STATUS* Occurrence State or Federally Endangered or Threatened Species Amphibians California tiger salamander Ambystoma californiense FT; CSC Not expected California red-legged frog Rana aurora draytonii FT; CSC Not expected Reptiles Alameda whipsnake Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus FT, ST Not expected

California Species of Special Concern, State Protected, or Federal Candidate Species Amphibians Foothill yellow-legged frog Rana boylii CSC Not expected Invertebrates Bridges’ Coast Range Helminthoglypta nickliniana CNDDB Not expected shoulderband snail bridgesii Reptiles Western pond turtle Clemmys marmorata CSC Not expected Birds Burrowing owl Athene cunicularia hypugea CSC Not expected Cooper’s hawk Accipiter cooperii CSC Moderate Sharp-shinned hawk Accipiter striatus CSC Not expected Long-eared owl Asio otus CSC Not expected Golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos CFP Not expected California Yellow warbler Dendroica petechia brewsteri CSC Low White-tailed kite Elanus leucurus CFP Low Yellow-breasted chat Icteria virens CSC Not expected Mammals Pallid bat Antrozous pallidus CSC Low Townsend’s western big-eared Corynorhinus townsendii CSC Low bat townsendii Western mastiff bat Eumops perots californicus CSC Low Silver-haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans CSC Low Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus CNDDB Low Long-eared myotis bat Myotis evotis CNDDB Low Long-legged myotis bat Myotis volans CNDDB Low Yuma myotis bat Myotis yumanensis CNDDB Low American badger Taxidea taxus CSC Not expected *Status Codes FE = Listed as endangered by the Federal Government FT = Listed as threatened by the Federal Government FPT = Proposed Listed as threatened by the Federal Government FC = Federal Candidate Species SE = Listed as endangered by the State of California ST = Listed as threatened by the State of California CSC = California Species of Special Concern CFP = Fully protected under the California Fish and Game Code CNDDB = Tracked by the California Natural Diversity Database

G-27 3.4 WILDLIFE MOVEMENT CORRIDORS AND HABITAT FRAGMENTATION

Wildlife movement includes migration (usually one direction per season), inter-population movement (long-term genetic exchange) and small travel pathways (daily movement corridors within an animal’s territory). While small travel pathways usually facilitate movement for daily home range activities such as foraging or escape from predators, they also provide connection between outlying populations and the main corridor, permitting an increase in gene flow between populations.

These linkages between habitat types can extend for miles between primary habitat areas and occur on a large scale throughout California. Habitat linkages facilitate movement between populations located in discrete areas and populations located within larger habitat areas. The mosaic of habitats found within a large-scale landscape results in wildlife populations that consist of discrete sub-populations comprising a large single population, often referred to as a meta-population. Even where patches of pristine habitat are fragmented, such as occurs with coastal scrub, the movement between wildlife populations is facilitated through habitat linkages, i.e. migration corridors and movement corridors.

Depending on the condition of the corridor, gene flow between populations may be high in frequency, thus allowing for high genetic diversity within the population, or may be low in frequency. Potentially low frequency gene flow may lead to complete isolation and, if pressures are strong, potential local extinction (McCullough 1996; Whittaker 1998).

Habitat fragmentation, by definition, is an event that creates a greater number of habitat patches that are smaller in size than the original contiguous tract(s) of habitat. Fragmentation of primary habitat types can hinder regional wildlife movements. The resulting reduced interaction between individuals changes the long-term dynamics of populations distributed among fragments and an inability to genetically adapt or respond to environmental pressures. This increases the probability of extinction for these populations compared to those associated with non-fragmented landscapes (Kupfer et al. 1997, Zuidema et al. 1996). Effects of fragmentation on the movement or dispersal of organisms is crucial to composition and diversity (Opdam 1990, Tiebout III and Anderson 1997). Considering the impacts resulting in potential fragmentation of primary habitat types and loss of valuable dispersal corridors is important when assessing the potential biological impacts of a project.

The 3.12 acre study site is located in unincorporated Walnut Creek, just west of downtown Walnut Creek. The site is developed and highly disturbed, primarily providing limited habitat to nesting and foraging bird species. The site does not function as a potential wildlife movement corridor. Given the study area’s location surrounded by developed areas and its disturbed nature, development of the site is not expected to have a long-term affect on wildlife movements. Any disturbance associated with such construction would be expected to be temporary.

3.5 SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITIES

Sensitive natural communities are those that are considered rare in the region, support special-status plant or wildlife species, or receive regulatory protection (i.e., §404 of the

G-28 Clean Water Act and/or the §§1600 et seq. of the California Fish and Game Code). In addition, the CNDDB has designated a number of communities as rare; these communities are given the highest inventory priority (Holland 1986, CDFG 2003). Although four communities tracked by the CNDDB, northern maritime chaparral, northern coastal salt marsh, coastal brackish marsh, and serpentine bunchgrass, occur in adjacent quadrangles to the study area, none occur with the Walnut Creek quadrangle, nor do these communities occur in the study area. Additionally, the site does not support riparian vegetation.

Marylee Guinon conducted a formal wetland delineation and jurisdictional determination for the subject property during the February 22 site visit in accordance with the procedures outlined in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and the Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West Region (USACE 2006). Based on the site evaluation, the study area contains no jurisdictional waters or wetlands under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). The February 2008 site visit was conducted at an optimal time to detect jurisdictional wetlands and waters because the visit followed significant rains. In addition, the site does not support creek, ponds or wetland habitats regulated by the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG).

4.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 4.1 SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITIES

There are no sensitive natural communities occurring within the study area.

4.2 SPECIAL-STATUS

No state- or federally listed endangered, threatened, rare or candidate plant species were detected during the single, February 22, 2008 reconnaissance-level survey. Based on the present study, all of the 52 potentially occurring special-status plant species considered in this analysis can be presumed absent from the study area either due to a lack of suitable habitat, or the expectation that they would have been detectable during the site visit. No additional plant surveys are recommended.

4.3 SPECIAL-STATUS WILDLIFE

No state- or federally listed endangered, threatened, rare or candidate animal species were detected during this single, reconnaissance-level survey. Within the study area, several special-status bird and bat species have the potential to nest or roost in large trees or in unoccupied structures on site.

The nesting season for birds extends from December 15 through August 31. Given the high potential for occurrence of special-status bird species and the possibility of overlap of construction with the nesting season, pre-construction surveys for nesting raptors and other birds should be conducted prior to any tree removal, pruning of limbs, grading, structure removal, or initiation of construction activities. If an active nest is detected, generally, a buffer zone of 50-300 feet is necessary to protect adults and nestlings from construction

G-29 disturbances. If occupied nests are detected, exclusion areas should be required until young birds have fledged. Destruction of occupied nests would be in violation of the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act and the Fish and Game Code. Pre-construction surveys for roosting bats should be conducted concurrent with those for nesting birds. If roosting bats are detected, a qualified biologist in consultation with DFG can exclude/evict the bats prior to removal of the occupied structure or tree. It is recommended, if feasible within the CEQA approval process, that trees proposed for removal be fallen before the spring construction season begins to avoid conflicts with potential nesting. This proactive tree removal would require that a qualified biologist clear the trees for potential nests, regardless of the time of year. Later, just prior to construction, another pre-construction survey would be conducted to detect presence and confirm absence of active nesting in those trees that will remain. If active nests are found, a buffer zone is established to exclude construction disturbance until birds has fledged. Pre-construction surveys for birds or roosting bats should be conducted no more than one week prior to tree removal or construction site disturbance.

These recommendations are based on background research and a reconnaissance-level survey. If conditions on site change or further information about the biological resources on site is generated, additional studies may become necessary.

G-30 5.0 REFERENCES

Anderson, P.R. 1968. The Reproductive and Developmental History of the California Tiger Salamander. Unpublished MA Thesis, Fresno State College, Fresno, California. Austin C. C., and H. B. Shaffer. 1992. Short-, Medium-, and Long-term Repeatability of Locomotor Performance in the Tiger Salamander Ambystoma californiense. Functional Ecology 6(2): 145-153. Barry, S.J. and H.B. Shaffer. 1994. The Status of the California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense) at Lagunita: A 50-year Update. Journal of Herpetology 28: 159-164. Bash, Jeffrey S. 1999. The Role of Wood in the Life Cycle of Western Pond Turtles (Clemmys marmorata). Forest Concepts, LLC. http://www.elwdsystems.com/pdf/bash.pdf Bobzien, S., J. E. DiDonato, P.J. Alexander. 2000. Status of the California Red-legged Frog in the East Bay Regional Park District, California. Oakland, California. Bulger, John B., Norman J. Scott Jr. and Richard Seymour. 2003. Terrestrial Activity and Conservation of Adult California Red-legged Frogs Rana aurora draytonii in Coastal Forests and Grasslands. Biological Conservation. Vol. 110: pp. 85-95. California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 2003. List of California Terrestrial Natural Communities Recognized by the Natural Diversity Data Base. Natural Heritage Division. The Resources Agency. September. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/whdab/pdfs/natcomlist.pdf California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 2006a. Special Animals. Natural Diversity Data Base. February. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/whdab/pdfs/spanimals.pdf California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 2006b. State and Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Animals of California. Natural Heritage Division, Natural Diversity Data Base. October. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/whdab/pdfs/TEAnimals.pdf California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 2007a. California Natural Diversity Data Base (CNDDB). Database Query for the Walnut Creek, Benicia, Briones Valley, Clayton, Diablo, Honker Bay, Las Trampas Ridge, Oakland East, and Vine Hill 7-½ minute Quads. July. California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 2007b. Special Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens List. Natural Diversity Data Base. July. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/whdab/pdfs/spplants.pdf California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 2007c. State and Federally Listed Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Plants of California. Natural Diversity Data Base. July. http://www.dfg.ca.gov/whdab/pdfs/TEPlants.pdf California Native Plant Society (CNPS). 2001. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of California (sixth edition). Rare Plant Scientific Advisory Committee, David P. Tibor, Convening Editor. Sacramento, California. 388 pp.

G-31 California Native Plant Society (CNPS). 2007. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (online edition, v7-07c). California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, CA. Accessed on July 16th (13:05), 2007. http://www.cnps.org/inventory CDFG, see California Department of Fish and Game CNPS, see California Native Plant Society Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 131 pp. Ellis, S. 1987. Alameda Whipsnake: Five-year Status Report. California Department of Fish and Game. 6pp. Environmental Laboratory. 1987. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Technical Report Y-87-1. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss. January. 100 pp. Feaver, P.E. 1971. Breeding Pool Selection and Larval Mortality of Three California Amphibians: Ambystoma tigrinum californiense (Gray), Hyla regilla (Baird and Girard) and Scaphiopus hammondi hammondi (Girard). M.A. Thesis, Fresno State College, Fresno, CA. Fellers, Gary M., Alan E. Launer, Galen Rathbun, Steve Bobzien, Jeff Alvarez, David Sterner, Richard B. Seymour and Michael Westphal. 2001. Overwintering Tadpoles in the California Red-legged Frog (Rana aurora draytonii). Herpetological Review. Vol. 32. Fisher, R.N. and H. Bradley Shaffer. 1996. The Decline of Amphibians in California’s Great Central Valley. Conservation Biology 10 (5): 1387-1397. Hayes, M., and M. Jennings. 1988. Habitat Correlates of Distribution of the California Red- legged Frog and the Foothill Yellow-legged Frog: Implications for Management. In R. Sarzo, K. Severson, and d. Patton (technical coordinators). Proceedings if the Symposium on the Management of Amphibians, Reptiles and Small Mammals in California. U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Range and Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado. General Technical Report (RM-166): 1-458. Hickman, J.C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. 1400 pp. Holland, Dan C. 1994. The Western Pond Turtle: Habitat and History. Final Report. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration. Holland, R. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. California Department of Fish and Game, The Resources Agency. 156 pp. Holte, Deborah Lyn. 1994. Nest Site Characteristics of the Western Pond Turtle, Clemmys marmorata, at Fern Ridge Reservoir, in West Central Oregon. Thesis. 106 pgs. Jameson, E.W. Jr. and Hans J. Peeters. 2004. Mammals of California. California Natural History Guides (Revised).University of California Press, Berkeley. 428 pp.

G-32 Jennings, M. R. and M. P. Hayes. 1994. Amphibian and Reptile Species of Special Concern in California. California Department of Fish and Game Contract # 8023. Inland Fisheries Division, Rancho Cordova, California. Jones & Stokes. 2006. East Contra Costa County Habitat Conservation Plan and Natural Community Conservation Plan. October. (J&S 01478.01.) San Jose, CA. Kupfer, J.A., G.P. Malanson, and J.R. Runkle. 1997. Factors Influencing Species Composition in Canopy Gaps: The Importance of End Proximity in Hueston Woods, Ohio. Professional Geographer 49:165-178. Kupferberg, S.J. 1996. Hydrologic and geomorphic factors affecting conservation of a river- breeding frog (Rana boylii). Ecological Applications. Vol. 6 No. 4: pp. 1322-1344. Kupferberg, S.J. 1997. Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) invasion of a California river: The role of larval competition. Ecology. Vol. 78. No. 6: pp 1736-1751. Lake, D. 2001. Unusual and Significant Plants of Alameda and Contra Costa Counties. Sixth Edition. California Native Plant Society, East Bay Chapter. March 1. Lind, A.J., H.H. Welsh Jr. and R. Wilson. 1996. The effects of a dam on breeding habitat and egg survival of the foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) in northwestern California. Herpetological Review. Vol. 27. No. 2: pp 62-67. Loredo, I, D. Van Vuren, and M.L. Morrison. 1996. Habitat Use and Migration Behavior of the California Tiger Salamander. Journal of Herpetology 30:282-285. Loredo, I and D. Van Vuren. 1996. Reproductive Ecology of a Population of the California Tiger Salamander. Copeia No. 4: 895-901. McCullough, D. 1996. Metapopulations and Wildlife Conservation. Island Press. 429pp. Opdam, P. 1990. Dispersal in Fragmented Populations: the Key to Survival. In: R.G. Bunce and D.C. Howard, Editors. Species Dispersal in Agricultural Habitats. pp. 3-17. Bellhaven Press, London. Rathbun, Galen B., Nancy Siepel and Dan Holland. 1992. Nesting Behavior and Movements of Western Pond Turtles, Clemmys marmorata. The Southwestern Naturalist. 37(3): pp 319-324. Reese, Devin A. 1996. Comparative Demography and Habitat Use of Western Pond Turtles in Northern California: The Effects of Damming and Related Alterations. Thesis: University of California at Berkeley. 253 pgs. Reese, Devin A. and Hartwell H. Welsh. 1997. Use of Terrestrial Habitat by Western Pond Turtles, Clemmys marmorata: Implications for Management. Proceedings: Conservation, Restoration, and Management of Tortoises and Turtles; New York Turtle and Tortoise Society. pp: 352-357. Remsen, H.V. 1978. Bird Species of Special Concern in California: an Annotated List of Declining or Vulnerable Bird Species. California Department of Fish and Game, The Resources Agency.

G-33 Roth, B. 1999. Memorandum: Elworthy Ranch Snail Survey Results/Helminthoglypta nickliniana bridgesii. Unpublished technical report prepared for Richard Arnold, Entomological Consulting Services. June 2. Sawyer, J.O. and T. Keeler-Wolf. 1995. A Manual of California Vegetation. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento. 471 pp. Shaffer, H. B., and R. Fisher 1991. Final report to the California Department of Fish and Game; California tiger salamander surveys, 1990—Contract (FG 9422). California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, Rancho Cordova, California. Sibley, D.A. 2003. The Sibley Field Guide to Birds of Western North America. Alfred A. Knopf. New York, New York. 471 pp. Stebbins, R. C. 2003. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. 3rd Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York, New York. 533 pp. Storer, T. I. 1925. A Synopsis of the Amphibia of California. University of California Publications in Zoology 27:1-342. Storer, Tracy I. 1930. Notes on the Range and Life-History of the Pacific Fresh-Water Turtle, Clemmys marmorata. University of California Publications in Zoology. 32(5): pp 429-441. Swaim, K. 1994. Aspects of the Ecology of the Alameda Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus). Masters Thesis, California State University, Hayward. 140 pp. Tiebout III, H.M. and R.A. Anderson. 1997. A Comparison of Corridors and Intrinsic Connectivity to Promote Dispersal in Transient Successional Landscapes. Conservation Biology 11:620-627. Trenham P.C., H. Bradley Shaffer, W.D. Koenig, and M.R. Stromberg. 2000. Life History and Demographic Variation in the California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense). Copeia No. 2: 365-377. United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2006. Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual: Arid West Region. Ed. J. S. Wakely, R.W. Lichvar, and C.V. Noble. ERDC/EL TR-06-16. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 1977. Soil Survey of Contra Costa County, California. Natural Resource Conservation Service. September. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 1991. Hydric Soils of the United States. Natural Resource Conservation Service. Misc. Publ. No. 1491. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). 1993. List of Hydric Soils in Contra Costa County, California. Natural Resource Conservation Service, Concord Field Office. July 26. USACE, see United States Army Corps of Engineers USDA, see United States Department of Agriculture

G-34 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) 1996. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Plant and Animal Taxa that are Candidates for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species; Proposed Rule. 50 CFR Part 17. Vol. 61(40): pp 7596-7613. February 28. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1996/February/Day-28/pr-10089.pdf U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 1997. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Plant and Animal Taxa that are Candidates or Proposed for Listing as Endangered or Threatened, Annual Notice of Findings on Recycled Petitions, and Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions; Proposed Rule. 50 CFR Part 17. Vol. 62 (182): 49398-49411. September 19. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2001. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Plant and Animal Species that are Candidates or Proposed for Listing as Endangered or Threatened, Annual Notice of Findings on Recycled Petitions, and Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions; Proposed Rule. 50 CFR Part 17. Vol. 66(210): pp 54808-54832. October 30. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA- SPECIES/2001/October/Day-30/e26982.htm U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2004. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Plant and Animal Taxa that are Candidates or Proposed for Listing as Endangered or Threatened, Annual Notice of Findings on Recycled Petitions, and Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions; Proposed Rule. 50 CFR Part 17. Vol. 69 (86): 24876-24904. May 4. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA- SPECIES/2004/May/Day-04/e9893.htm U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2005. Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designation of Critical Habitat for the California Tiger Salamander, Central Population; Final Rule. Part II. 50 CFR. Part 17. Vol. 70 (162): 49380-49458. November 3. http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/01jan20051800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2005/p df/05-16234.pdf U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2006a. Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designation of Critical Habitat for the California Red- Legged Frog, and Special Rule Exemption Associated With Final Listing for Existing Routine Ranching Activities; Final Rule. Part II. 50 CFR. Part 17. Vol. 71. No. 71: pp. 19243-19346. April 13, 2006. http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/maps/CRF_fCH_FR_maps/crf_fCH_units.htm and http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/01jan20061800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2006/p df/06-3344.pdf U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2006b. Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designation of Critical Habitat for the Alameda Whipsnake; Final Rule. Part III. 50 CFR. Part 17. Vol. 71. No. 190: pp. 58175-58231. October 2, 2006. http://a257.g.akamaitech.net/7/257/2422/01jan20061800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2006/p df/06-8367.pdf

G-35 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2007. Federal Endangered and Threatened Species that Occur in or may be Affected by Projects in the Walnut Creek (#465A) and Surrounding U.S.G.S. 7 1/2 Minute Quads. Database Last Updated: July 16, 2007. Document Number: 070716064402. http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list_form.cfm USFWS, see U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Whittaker, R. 1998. Island Biogeography: Ecology, Evolution and Conservation. Oxford University Press. 285 pp. Williams, D.F. 1986. Mammalian Species of Special Concern in California. California Department of Fish and Game. Wildlife Management Division Administrative Report 86-1. 112 pp. Zuidema, P.A., J.A. Sayer, and W. Dijkman. 1996. Forest Fragmentation and Biodiversity: The Case for Intermediate-Sized Conservation Areas. Environmental Conservation 23:290-297. Zweifel, R. G. 1955. Ecology, distribution and systematics of frogs of the Rana boylii group. University of California Publications in Zoology. Vol. 54: pp. 207-292.

Personal Communications Adams, Seth, Director of Land Programs, Save Mount Diablo, Walnut Creek, CA. Email communication with Chris Thayer of EDAW regarding American badger road kill on Ygnacio Valley Road. June 4, 2007. Jennings, Mark R. Biologist. Rana Resources. Davis, CA. Email correspondence with Matthew Bettelheim of Sycamore Associates LLC. January 30th and 31st, 2003. Swaim, K. Herpetologist. Swaim Biological Consulting. Livermore, CA. Phone conversation with Trish Tatarian of Sycamore Associates LLC on March 10, 1996.

G-36 APPENDIX A Potentially Occurring Special-Status Plant Species

EDAW – Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment S:\Projects\Sufi Center\Reports\Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment 06-20-2008.doc G-37 Family Potential for Scientific Name Status1 Habitat Affinities and Repo rted Lo calities in the Project Area Comments Occurrence On Site Common Name Apiaceae - Parsley Family Lilaeopsis masonii Federal: None Intertidal brackish and freshwater marshes along streambanks. Recorded in the April-October Not expected: no suitable Mason's lilaeopsis State: CR San Joaquin and Sacramento River Delta and lower Napa River channel. perennial herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.1 Sani cula maritima Federal: SC Chaparral, coastal prairie, coastal meadows and valley/foothill grassland on clay April-May Not expected: no suitable adobe sanicle State: CR or ultramafic soils. Restricted to San Luis Obispo and Monterey counties; perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B:3-3-3 presumed extirpated in Alameda and San Francisco counties. have been detectable. Sani cula saxatilis Federal: SC Broadleaf upland forests, chaparral, valley/foothill grassland, on bedrock April-May Not expected: no suitable ro ck san icle State: CR outcrops and talus slopes. Restricted to Contra Costa and Santa Clara counties. perennial herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-2-3 Asteraceae - Sunflower Family Aster lentus Federal: None Freshwater and brackish marshes. Known from the Napa River and San May-November Not expected: no suitable Suisun Marsh aster State: CEQA Joaquin/Sacramento River Delta. perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B.2 have been detectable. Balsamorhiza macrolepis var. Federal: none Cismontane woodland, valley/foothill grassland, sometimes on serpentinite. March-June Not expected: no suitable macrolepis State: CEQA Occurs from the Bay Area to the northern Sacramento Valley and Sierra perennial herb habitat present. Would big-scale balsamroot CNPS 1B:2-2-3 fo oth ills. have been detectable. Blepharizonia plumosa Federal: None Valley/foothill grasslands, on dry sites. Extant in Alameda, Contra Costa, and July-October Not expected: no suitable big tarplan t State: CEQA San Joaquin counties. Believed extirpated in Stanislaus and Solano counties. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.1 Centromadia parryi ssp. congdonii Federal: None Valley/foothill grasslands on alkaline soils. Restricted to San Luis Obispo, June-November Not expected: no suitable Congdon's tarplant (formerly State: CEQA Monterey, Alameda, Contra Costa, San Mateo, and Santa Clara counties; annual herb habitat present. Hemizonia parryi ssp. congdonii) CNPS 1B.2 presumed extirpated in Santa Cruz and Solano counties.

Cirsium andrewsii Federal: none Bluffs, ravines and seeps in broadleafed upland forest, coastal bluff scrub, June-July Not expected: no suitable Franciscan thistle State: CEQA sometimes on serpentinite. Restricted to Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo and perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B:2-2-3 Sonoma counties. have been detectable. Helianthella castanea Federal: None Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, riparian April-June Not expected: no suitable Diablo h elianthe lla State: CEQA woodland, and valley/foothill grassland. Occurs in Alameda, Contra Costa and perennial herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.2 San Mateo counties; presumed extirpated in Marin and San Francisco counties. Holocarpha macradenia Federal: FT Coastal prairie, valley/foothill grassland, often on heavy clay soils. Known from June-October Not expected: no suitable Santa Cruz tarplant State: CE coastal areas of Contra Costa, Mon terey and Santa Cruz counties; presumed annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-3-3 extirpated in Alameda and Marin counties. Several introduced populations present along San Pablo Ridge in western Contra Costa County.

G-38 Family Potential for Scientific Name Status1 Habitat Affinities and Repo rted Lo calities in the Project Area Comments Occurrence On Site Common Name Isocoma arguta Federal: None Valley/foothill grasslands, on alkaline sites. Restricted to Contra Costa and August-December Not expected: no suitable Carquinez goldenbush State: CEQA Solano counties in the vicinity of the Carquinez Straits. perennial shrub habitat present. Would CNPS 1B.1 have been detectable. Lasthenia conjugens Federal: FE Mesic sites in valley/foothill grassland, vernal pools. Known from Napa, March-June Not expected: no suitable Contra Costa goldfields State: CEQA Solano, Sonoma, Marin and Monterey counties and recently rediscovered in annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.1 Alameda and Contra Costa counties. Presumed extirpated in Mendocino, Santa Barbara and Santa Clara counties.

Micropus amphibolus Federal: none Broadleaf upland forest, cismontane woodland, valley/foothill grassland. Known April-May Not expected: no suitable Mount Diablo cottonweed State: none from Lake to Santa Cruz counties, San Francisco Bay Area. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 3:?-2-3 Senecio aphanactis Federal: None Coastal scrub and cismontane woodland on alkaline soils. Known from the January-April Not expected: no suitable rayle ss ra gwort State: CEQA South Coast, Central Coast, Central Valley and San Francisco Bay Area. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 2.2 Recently documented from Corral Hollow in Alameda County. Boraginac eae - Bo ra ge Family Amsinckia grandiflora Federal: FE Cismontane woodland, valley/foothill grassland. Known from only three natural April-May Not expected: no suitable la rge-flowered fiddleneck State: CE occurrences in Alameda and San Joaquin counties. Also known historically from annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.1 Contra Co sta Co unty, where it has been recently re-introduced. Amsinckia lunaris Federal: none Open woods, valley/foothill grasslands. Reported from the vicinity of the San March-June Not expected: no suitable bent-flowered fiddleneck State: CEQA Francisco Bay to Lake, Shasta and Siskiyou counties. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:2-2-3 Plagiobothrys diffusus Federal: SC Coastal prairie and possibly valley/Foothill grassland, on clay soils. Known April-June Not expected: no suitable San Francisco popcorn -flower State: CE from only 6 occurrences in Santa Cruz County; presumed to be extirpated in annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-3-3 San Francisco County. Brassicaceae - Mustard Family Streptanthus albidus ssp. Federal: SC Chaparral, cismontane woodland and valley/foothill grasslands on serpentinite. April-June Not expected: no suitable peramoenus State: CEQA Known from Alameda, Santa Clara and Contra Costa counties. annual herb habitat present. most beautiful jewel-flower CNPS 1B:2-2-3 Streptanthus hispidus Federal: SC Chaparral and valley/foothill grassland on serpentine rock outcrops. Restricted March-June Not expected: no suitable Mount Diablo jewel-flower State: CEQA to Contra Costa County. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-1-3

G-39 Family Potential for Scientific Name Status1 Habitat Affinities and Repo rted Lo calities in the Project Area Comments Occurrence On Site Common Name Tropidocarpum capparideum Federal: None Valley/foothill grasslands, on alkaline hills. Known historically from Alameda, March-April Not expected: no suitable caper-fruited tropidocarpum State: CEQA Contra Costa, Glenn, Santa Clara and San Joaquin counties; last seen in Contra annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.1 Costa County in 1957. Once presumed extinct, but rediscovered in Monterey County in 2000 and subsequently in Sa n Luis O bispo and Fresno counties.

Campanulaceae - Bellflower Family Campanula exigua Federal: none Chaparral, rocky, usually serpentinitic sites. Known from Contra Costa county May-June Not expected: no suitable chaparral harebell State: none to San Benito County, and Stanislaus county. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:2-2-3 Caprifo liaceae - Honeysuckle Family Vi burnum elli pticum Federal: None Chap arral, cismontane wo odland, lower montan e co niferou s forests. Reported May-June Not expected: no suitable oval-leaved viburnum State: CEQA from the Coast Ranges in Contra Costa, Sonoma, Napa, Mendocino, Glen, and shrub habitat present. CNPS 2.3 Humboldt counties; in the Sierra Nevada in Fresno and El Dorado counties; and (deciduous) Shasta County into Oregon and Washington.

Chenopodiaceae - Goosefoot Family Atriplex joaquiniana Federal: None Chenopod scrub, valley/foothill grassland and alkali meadows. Widespread in April-Septe mber Not expected: no suitable San Joaquin spearscale State: CEQA the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys, into Alameda and Contra Costa annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.2 counties, north to Napa County and south to Monterey and San Benito counties. Presumed extirpated in Santa Clara, San Joaquin and Tulare counties.

Ericaceae - Heath Family Arctostaphylos auriculata Federal: None Chaparral, in canyons and on slopes, on sandstone. Known only from Mt. January-March Not expected: no suitable Mount Diablo manzanita State: CEQA Diablo area in Contra Costa County. evergreen shrub habitat present. Would CNPS 1B.3 have been detectable. Arctostaphylos manzanita ssp. Federal: None Chaparral, on rocky slopes between 500 and 1100 meters in elevation. Endemic January-February Not expected: no suitable laevigata State: CEQA to Contra Costa county. evergreen shrub habitat present. Would Contra Costa manzanita CNPS 1B.2 have been detectable.

Arctostaphylos pallida Federal: FT Broadleaved upland forest, cismontane woodland, chaparral and coastal scrub, December-March Not expected: no suitable pallid manzanita State: CE on siliceous shale, sandy and gravelly soils on uplifted Marine terraces. evergreen shrub habitat present. Would CNPS 1B:3-3-3 Restricted to Alameda and Contra Costa counties. have been detectable.

G-40 Family Potential for Scientific Name Status1 Habitat Affinities and Repo rted Lo calities in the Project Area Comments Occurrence On Site Common Name Fabaceae - Pea Family Astragalus tener var. tener Federal: None Playas, valley and foothill grassland (adobe clay), vernal pools/ alkaline; March-June Not expected: no suitable a lkali milk- vetc h State: CEQA elevation 1-60 meters. Once widespread from San Francisco to Monterey and annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.2 San Benito counties and north to Napa and Yolo counties. Extirpated from much of its former range. Extant in Alameda, Napa, Merced, Yolo, and Solano counties.

Hoita strobilina Federal: none Chaparral, cismontane and riparian woodland, usually in mesic areas on May-October Not expected: no suitable Loma Prieta hoita State: CEQA serpentine soil. Recorded from Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties. Believed perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B:2-3-3 extirpated in Alameda and Contra Costa counties. have been detectable. Lathyrus jepsonii var. jepsonii Federal: None Freshwater and brackish marshes. Occurs throughout the Sacramento San May-September Not expected: no suitable Delta tule pea State: CEQA Joaquin River delta, San Francisco Bay and Central Valley. perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B.2 have been detectable. Gera niaceae - Geranium Family California macrophylla Federal: None Cismontane woodland, valley and foothill grasslands, on clay soil. Widespread March-May Not expected: no suitable round-leaved filaree State: CEQA throughout California, Baja California, Oregon, Utah, and other states. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.1 Hydrophylla ceae - Waterleaf Family Phacelia phacelioides Federal: SC Chaparral and cismontane woodland on rocky sites. Recorded from Contra April-May Not expected: no suitable Mount Diablo phacelia State: CEQA Costa, San Benito, Santa Clara and Stanislaus counties. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-2-3 Lamiaceae - Mint Family Monardella antonina ssp. Federal: none Chaparral and cismontane woodland. Recorded from Monterey County; possible June-August Not expected: no suitable antonina State: none also in Alameda, Contra Costa, San Benito and Santa Clara counties. perennial herb habitat present. Would San Antonio Hills monardella CNPS 3:?-?-3 (rhizomatous) have been detectable. Monardella villosa ssp. globosa Federal: none Openings in chaparral, cismontane woodland. Occurs from the San Francisco June-July Not expected: no suitable robust monardella State: CEQA Bay Area to Humboldt County. perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B:3-2-3 (rhizomatous) have been detectable.

G-41 Family Potential for Scientific Name Status1 Habitat Affinities and Repo rted Lo calities in the Project Area Comments Occurrence On Site Common Name Linaceae - Flax Family Hesperolinon breweri Federal: None Chaparral, cismontane woodlands, valley/foothill grassland, mostly on May-July Not expected: no suitable Brewer's western flax State: CEQA serpentinite. Found in Napa, Solano, and Contra Costa counties. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.2 Malvaceae - Mallow Family Malacothamnus hallii Federal: none Chaparral. Restricted to Contra Costa, Merced and Santa Clara counties; May-September Not expected: no suitable Hall's bush mallow State: CEQA possibly also in Alameda County. shrub habitat present. Would CNPS 1B.2 (evergreen) have been detectable. Onagraceae - Evening Primrose Family Clarkia franciscana Federal: FE Coastal scrub, valley/foothill grassland, on serpentinite. Known from fewer than May-July Not expected: no suitable Presid io clark ia State: CE five occurrences in Alameda and San Francisco counties. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-3-3 Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii Federal: FE Remnant river bluffs and interior sand dunes. Known from seven occurrences March-September Not expected: no suitable Antioch Dunes evening-primrose State: CE among the dunes east of Antioch. perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B.1 have been detectable. Papaveraceae - Poppy Fa mi ly Meconella oregana Federal: none Coastal prairie and scrub. Known in California only from five occurrences in March-April Not expected: no suitable Oregon meconella State: CEQA Contra Co asta and Santa Clara coun ties. Also recorded in Oregon Wash ington, annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-3-2 andother states. Polygo nacea e - Buckwheat Family Chorizanthe robusta var. robusta Federal: FE Openings and sandy locations in cismontane woodland, coastal dunes, and May-September Not expected: no suitable robust spineflower State: CEQA coastal scrub. Restricted to Monterey and Santa Cruz counties; believed annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-3-3 extirpated in Alameda, Santa Clara and San Mateo counties. Eriogonum truncatum Federal: None Chaparral, coastal scrub, valley/foothill grassland on sandy soils. Presumed April-Septe mber Not expected: no suitable Mount Diablo buckwheat State: CEQA extinct. Known historically from Alameda, Contra Costa and Solano counties. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.1 Last seen in 1940.

G-42 Family Potential for Scientific Name Status1 Habitat Affinities and Repo rted Lo calities in the Project Area Comments Occurrence On Site Common Name Ranunculaceae - Buttercup Family Delphinium californicum ssp. Federal: SC Cismontane woodland, possible on mesic sites. Recorded from Alameda, April-June Not expected: no suitable interius State: CEQA Contra Costa, Santa Clara, San Joaquin, and San Luis Obispo counties. perennial herb habitat present. Would Hospital Ca nyon larkspur CNPS 1B:3-2-3 have been detectable. Rosaceae - Rose Family Horkelia cuneata ssp. sericea Federal: SC Closed-cone coniferous forest, old dunes and coastal scrub. Restricted to coastal April-Septe mber Not expected: no suitable Kellogg's horkelia State: CEQA areas from Santa Barbara to San Mateo counties; presumed extirpated in San perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 1B:3-3-3 Francisco, Alameda and Marin counties. have been detectable. Scrophulariaceae - Figwort Family Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. Federal: SC Coastal saltmarsh. Believed extant in Humboldt, Marin and Sonoma counties; May-October Not expected: no suitable palustris State: CEQA presumed extirpated in Alameda, Santa Clara and San Mateo counties. annual herb habitat present. Pt. Reyes bird's-beak CNPS 1B:2-2-2 (hemiparasite) Cordylanthus mollis ssp. m olli s Federal: FE Coastal saltmarsh. Known from fewer than 10 locations in Contra Costa, Napa, July-September Not expected: no suitable soft bird's-beak State: CR and Solano counties. Extirpated in Marin and Sonoma counties. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:2 (hemiparasite) Cordylanthus nidularius Federal: SC Chaparral (serpentine). Known from only a single occurrence on Mt. Diablo, July-August Not expected: no suitable Mount Diablo bird's-beak State: CR Contra Co sta Co unty. annual herb habitat present. CNPS 1B:3-3-3 (hemiparasite) Limosella subulata Federal: none Marshes and swamps, muddy or sandy intertidal flats. Limited to Sacramento May-August Not expected: no suitable Delta mudwort State: CEQA and San Joaquin river deltas. perennial herb habitat present. Would CNPS 2.1 (stoloniferous) have been detectable. Thymelaeaceae - Mezereum Family Dirca occidentalis Federal: none Broadleaf upland forest, closed cone coniferous forest, chaparral, cismontane January-April Not expected: no suitable western leatherwood State: CEQA woodland, North Coast coniferous forest, riparian forest, and riparian woodland. shrub habitat present. CNPS 1B:2-2-3 Restricted to brushy slopes and mesic sites. Known from San Mateo to Sonoma (deciduous) counties.

G-43 APPENDIX A Potentially Occurring Special-Status Plant Species

Family Potential for Scientific Name Status1 Habitat Affinities and Repo rted Lo calities in the Project Area Comments Occurrence On Site Common Name Liliaceae - Lily Fam il y Calochortus pulchellus Federal: None Chaparral, cismontane woodland, valley/foothill grassland. Known from Contra April-June Not expected: no suitable Mount Diablo fairy-lantern State: CEQA Costa and possibly Solano counties. perennial herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.2 (b ulbif er ous) Calochortus umbellatus Federal: none Broadleafed and upland forest, chaparral, lower montane coniferous forest, March-May Not expected: no suitable Oakland star-tulip State: none valley/foothill grassland, often on serpentinite. Known from Alameda, Contra perennial herb habitat present. CNPS 4:1-2-3 Costa, Marin, Santa Clara and San Mateo counties. Presumed extirpated in (b ulbif er ous) Santa Cruz County.

Fritillaria liliacea Federal: None Coastal prairie, coastal scrub, valley/foothill grasslan d near the coast, on clay or February-April Not expected: no suitable fragrant fritillary State: CEQA serpentinite. Known from the Central Coast from Sonoma to Monterey counties perennial herb habitat present. CNPS 1B.2 and the San Francisco Bay Area. (b ulbif er ous) Potamogetonaceae - Pondweed Family Potamogeton filiformis Federal: None Freshwater marshes and Swamps. Shallow, clear water of lakes and drainage May-July Not expected: no suitable slender-leaved pondweed State: CEQA channels. 300-2150 meters. Rare in California. Known from central high Sierra perennial herb habitat present. CNPS 2.2 Nevada, San Joaquin Valley, San Francisco Bay Area, and the Modoc Plateau. (aquatic, Pottiaceae - moss family Triquetrella californica Federal: None Coastal bluff scrub and coastal scrub. Known from Contra Costa, Mendocino, N/A Not expected: no suitable State: CEQA San Diego, and San Francisco counties and Oregon. Known in California from moss habitat present. Would triquetrella CNPS 1B:3-2-2 fewer than ten small coastal occurrences. have been detectable. 1 Explanation of sensitivity status codes provided in Appendix C.

EDAW – Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment A-7 S:\Projects\Sufi Center\Reports\Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment 06-20-2008.doc G-44 APPENDIX B Potentially Occurring Special-Status Wildlife Species

– Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment S:\Projects\Sufi Center\Reports\Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment 06-20-2008.doc G-45 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site Invertebrates Branchinecta longiantenna Federal: FE Inhabits clay and grass-bottomed vernal pools in grasslands, and pools in sandstone Not expected - no suitable habitat Longhorn fairy shrimp State: None depressions that are typically filled by winter and spring rains. Known from on site. disjunct populations along the eastern margin of the Central Coast Range from Contra Co sta Co unty south to San Luis Obispo County.

Branchinecta lynchi Federal: FT Inhabits vernal pools in grasslands in the Central Valley, Coast Ranges and South Not expected - no suitable habitat Vernal pool fairy shrimp State: None Coast mountains, specifically the Slanted Rocks Area, west of Byron Hot Springs, on site. in Contra Costa County. Occur in small depressions in sandstone outcrops surrounded by foothill grasslands. Other common habitat is a swale, earth slump, or basalt-flow depression basin with a grassy or muddy bottom; found in unplowed grasslands. Occurrences are noted in the Central Valley, Coast Ranges, and South Coast mountains. Active between December and May.

Callophrys (Incisalia) mossii bayensis Federal: FE Coastal, mountainous areas with grassy ground cover, mainly in the vicinity of San Not expected - no suitable habitat San Bruno elfin butterfly State: None Bruno Mountain, San Mateo County. The adult flight period is late February to on site. mid-April, with the peak flight period occurring in March and early April. Eggs are laid in small clusters or strings on the upper or lower surface of stonecrop Sedum( spathulifoli um).

Desmocerus californicus dimorphus Federal: FT Typically inhabits oak savanna and riparian forests in the Central Valley below Not expected - no suitable habitat Valley elderberry longhorn beetle State: None 3,000 feet elevation. Requires elderberry Sambucus( spp.) as host plant for all stages on site. of its life cycle.

Efferia antiochi Federal: None Habitat not well understood. Recorded originally at the Antioch Dunes in Contra Not expected - no suitable habitat Antioch efferian robberfly State: CNDDB Costa County in 1939, but since found elsewhere in Contra Costa as well as Fresno on site County.

Euphydryas editha bayensis Federal: FT Restricted to Santa Clara and San Mateo Counties in California. Habitat exists on Not expected - no suitable habitat Bay checkerspot butterfly State: None sha llow , se rpe ntine -de rive d or simila r soils, which supp ort the butter fly 's lar val on site. food plant, California plantain (Plantago erecta) and nectar plants including desert-parsely Lomatium( spp.) and California goldfields (Lasthenia californica), among others.

Helmi nthoglypta nickliniana bridgesii Federal: None Known from Contra Costa and Alameda Counties from Berkeley and San Pablo to Not expected - no suitable habitat Bridges' Coast Range shoulderband State: CNDDB the eastern base of Mount Diablo. Typically found in moist, often riparian areas on site. snail under rocks, logs, woody debris, or accumulations of leaf mould.

Lepidurus packardi Federal: FE Inhabits vernal pools in grassland habitats in the Central Valley between Shasta Not expected - no suitable habitat Vernal pool tadpole shrimp State: None County and Merced County. Eggs hatch within a month of inundation; adults on site. pr ese nt un til pools dry in the spring.

G-46 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Linderiella occidentalis Federal: None Usually inhabits large, fairly clear vernal pools and lakes; sometimes found in small Not expected - no suitable habitat Califor nia linde rie lla State: CNDDB pools located in grasslands in the Central Valley, Coast Ranges, and South Coast on site. (Ca lif ornia fa ir y shrimp) mountains.

Speyeria callippe callippe Federal: FE Inhabits grasslands containing larval host plant johnny-jump-up (Vi ola Not expected - no suitable habitat Callippe silverspot butterfly State: None pedunculata). Known from three locations, including San Bruno Mountain (on the on site. San Francisco Peninsula), Joaquin Miller Park in Alameda County, and in the vicinity of American Canyon, Solano County.

Fish Acipenser medirostris Federal: FT Anadromous. Inhabits the coastal Pacific Ocean and estuaries of large rivers. Not expected - no suitable habitat Green sturgeon (Southern DPS) State: CSC Migrates far inland to spawn. Spawns during spring in rivers in deep, cold, on site. fast-moving water. Estuaries serve as nurseries. Adults are mostly marine, spending limited time in estuaries and rivers. The Southern DPS includes all populations south of but not including the Eel River. The only known spawning area for the Southern DPS is in the Sacramento River.

Archoplites interruptus Federal: None Historically found in the sloughs, slow-moving rivers, and lakes of the Central Not expected - no suitable habitat Sacramento perch State: CSC Valley. Prefer warm water. Aquatic vegetation is essential for young. Tolerant of on site. wide ranges of physio-chemical water conditions.

Eucyclogobius newberryi Federal: FE Oc cu rs in tida l stre ams assoc ia ted with coa sta l we tla nds. T ypica lly oc cu rs in loose Not expected - no suitable habitat Tidewater goby State: CSC aggregations of a few to several hundred individuals on the substrate of shallow on site. water less than three feet deep. Occurs alon g the entire California coast.

Hypomesus transpacificus Federal: FT Historically found throughout the lower and middle reaches of the Sacramento - San Not expected - no suitable habitat Delta smelt State: ST Joaquin Delta. Spawning takes place between December - April in side channels on site. and sloughs in the middle reaches of the Delta.

Oncorhynchus mykiss Federal: FT The ESU includes all naturally spawned populations of steelhead (and their Not expected - no suitable habitat Steelhead State: None pr oge ny) in Ca lif ornia stre ams fr om the Russian Riv er to Aptos Cre ek, and the on site. (Central California Coast ESU) drainages of San Francisco and San Pablo Bays eastward to the Napa River (inclusive), excluding the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin.

Oncorhynchus mykiss Federal: FT The ESU includes all naturally spawned populations of steelhead (and their Not expected - no suitable habitat Steelhead State: None progeny) in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tributaries. Excluded on site. (Ce ntra l Valley, California ESU) are steelhead from San Francisco and San Pablo Bays and their tributaries. Little historical data exists for the San Joaquin River Basin. McEwan and Jackson (1996) re por te d a sma ll re mna nt r un in the Stanislau s Riv er. Stee lhe ad re por te d in Tuolumne River in 1983 and in Merced River. May have historically been in many of the San Joaquin River tributaries, especially during wet years.

G-47 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Federal: FT The ESU includes all naturally spawned populations of spring-run chinook salmon Not expected - no suitable habitat Chinook sa lmon State: ST in the Sa cr ame nto River and its trib utaries in Ca lif ornia . Th ese sa lmon a re on site. (Ce ntra l Valley spring-run ESU) anadromous, inhabiting open ocean and coastal streams. Adults move upstream March-July and begin spawning in August.

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Federal: FE This salmon is anadromous, inhabiting open ocean and coastal streams. Adults Not expected - no suitable habitat Chinook sa lmon State: SE move upstream January-June and begin spawning in April. Downstream migrant on site. (winter-run) smolts move past Red Bluff August-October.

Pogonichthys macrolepidotus Federal: None Restricted to the Sacramento River Delta, but originally endemic to lakes and rivers Not expected - no suitable habitat Sacramento splitta il State: CSC all over the Central Valley. Inhabit slow moving river sections and dead end on site. sloughs. Believed to spawn over shoreline vegetation or over gravel in creek tributaries of large rivers during spring high water levels.

Amphibians Ambystoma californiense Federal: FT Breeds in temporary or semi-permanent pools. Seeks cover in rodent burrows in Not expected - no suitable habitat California tiger salamander (Central State: CSC grasslands and oak woodlands. This DPS inhabits the Coast Ranges north of Santa on site. Valley DPS) Barbara County and south of Sonoma County, as well as the Central Valley from T ula re to Colu sa County.

Rana (=aurora draytonii) draytonii Federal: FT Prefers semi-permanent and permanent stream pools, ponds, and creeks with Not expected - no suitable habitat California red-legged frog State: CSC emergent and/or riparian vegetation. Will occupy upland areas during the wet on site. winter months.

Rana boylii Federal: None Inhabits permanent, slow-moving stream courses in the Coast Ranges and Sierra Not expected - no suitable habitat Foothill yellow-legged frog State: CSC Nevada foothills. These streams usually contain a cobble substrate and a mixture of on site. open canopy riparian v egetation.

Reptiles Clemmys marmorata Federal: None Prefers permanent, slow-moving creeks, streams, ponds, rivers, marshes, and Not expected - no suitable habitat Western pond turtle State: CSC irrigation ditches with basking sites and a vegetated shoreline. Needs upland sites on site. for egg laying. Occurs from the Oregon border to the San Francisco Bay, inland throughout the Sacramento Valley, and south along the coastal zone to San Diego County.

Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus Federal: FT Restricted to chaparral and coastal scrub of the Coast Ranges. Uses rock outcrops Not expected - no suitable habitat Alameda whipsnake (striped racer) State: ST for refugia. Inhabits appropriate habitat on south, southwest- and southeast-facing on site. slopes and ravines where the shrubs form a vegetative mosaic with grasses. Uses rodent burrows. Feeds on a number of items including fence lizards Sceloporus ( spp.).

G-48 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Phrynosoma coronatum frontale Federal: None Occurs in scrub and grassland on sandy soils; active above ground between April Not expected - no suitable habitat California horned lizard State: CSC a nd Octob er. Pr eys pr imar ily on na tive ant spec ie s. T he spec ie s is tho ught to be on site. extinct in this region based on museum specimens.

Birds Acci piter cooperii Federal: None Nests primarily in deciduous riparian forests. May also occupy dense canopied Moderate - suitable nesting habitat Cooper's hawk State: CSC forests from gray pine-oak woodland to ponderosa pine. Forages in open on site. (nesting site only) woodlands. Occurs throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.

Acci piter striatus Federal: None Dense to open canopy pine or mixed conifer forest, riparian habitats, and grassland Not expected - no suitable habitat Sharp-shinned hawk State: CSC with scattered trees. P ermanent resident in parts of the Sierra Nevada, Cascade, on site. (nesting site only) Klamath, and North Coast Ranges. Usually nests in conifers. Does not nest in San Francisco Bay Area.

Agelaius tricolor Federal: None Nests primarily in dense freshwater marshes with cattail or tules. Forages in Not expected - no suitable nesting Tricolored blackbird State: CSC grasslands. Largely endemic to California. P ermanent resident in the Central habitat on site. (nesting colo ny) Valley and along the coast from Marin to San Diego Counties. Also known from Lake, Sonoma, and Solano Counties. Grasslands provide suitable foraging habitat only.

Aquila chrysaetos Federal: None Forages in a variety of habitats including grasslands, chaparral, and oak woodland Not expected - no suitable habitat Golden eagle State: CSC supporting abundant mammals. Nests on cliffs and escarpments, and tall trees. on site. (nesting/wintering sites only) CFP Occurs throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.

Asio flammeus Federal: None Found throughout California and the rest of the United States in salt and freshwater Not expected - no suitable nesting Short-eared owl State: CSC swamps, lowland meadows and grasslands, irrigated alfalfa fields. Nests in tules and habitat on site. (nesting only) tall grasslands. Needs daytime seclusion. Nests on dry ground in depressions concealed by vegetation. Primarily hunts at dawn and dusk (crepuscular).

Asio otus Federal: None Breeds mainly in dense coniferous or mixed woodland, including riverine woodland Not expected - no suitable nesting Long-eared owl State: CSC belt. Nests in large, previously used nest of another bird species or squirrel. Nests habitat on site. (nesting only) up to 10-29 feet in height, more rarely on ground or among shrubby growth. Forages over open fields and marshes. Winters between southern Canada and Baja California.

Athene cunicularia hypugea Federal: None Open, dry grasslands, deserts, prairies, farmland and scrublands with abundant Not expected - no suitable habitat Burrowing owl State: CSC active and abandoned mammal burrows. Occurs in lowlands throughout California. on site. (burrow sites)

G-49 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Cardualis lawrencei Federal: None Breeds throughout northern and central California, winters in Baja California east to Low - suitable nesting habitat on Lawrence's goldfinch State: CNDDB Texas. Inhabits oak woodland, chaparral, riparian woodland, pinyon-juniper site. association, and weedy areas in arid regions but usually near water. Often nests in dense foliage in conifers, 1-12 m above ground. Highly social; forms loose flocks of 20-30 birds. Flocks may include other species of goldfinches or other passerines.

Chondestes grammacus Federal: None Frequents sparse valley foothill hardwood, valley foothill hardwood-conifer, open Low - suitable nesting habitat on Lark sparrow State: CNDDB mixed chaparral and similar brushy habitats, and grasslands with scattered trees or site. shrubs. Most common around margins of Central Valley, in bordering foothills, and inner Coast Ranges.

Circus cyaneus Federal: None Nests and forages in grasslands and agricultural fields. Nests on ground in shrubby Not expected - no suitable nesting Northern harrier State: CSC vegetation, dense grass, or crops such as wheat and barley, often at the edge of habitat on site. (nesting) marshes. Occurs throughout the San Francisco Bay Ar ea .

Dendroica petechia brewsteri Federal: None Nests in riparian areas dominated by willows, cottonwoods, sycamores, or alders, Low - suitable habitat on site. California yellow warbler State: CSC and in mature chaparral. May also inhabit oak and coniferous woodlands and urban areas near stream courses. Occurrences noted in Marin and Alameda Counties.

Elanus leucurus Federal: None Inhabits agricultural areas, low rolling foothills, valley margins with scattered oaks Low - suitable nesting habitat on W hite- tailed kite State: CFP and river bottomlands, or marshes adjacent to deciduous woodlands. Prefers open site. (nesting sites) grasslands, meadows, marshes, and agricultural fields for foraging. Occurs throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.

Eremophila alpestris actia Federal: None Nests and forages on ground in open grassland. Often found in agricultural areas. Not expected - no suitable nesting California horned lark State: CSC Will nest on bare ground or among sparse vegetation. Known from regions habitat on site. throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.

Falco columbarius Federal: None Winters throughout the western United States in open grasslands and woodlands, Not expected - no suitable habitat Merlin State: CSC often along coasts near concentrations of shorebirds, which it feeds on in addition to on site. (wintering) small mammals and insects. Does not breed in California.

Falco mexicanus Federal: None Nests on cliff ledges and forages in open, arid and semi-arid habitats, as well as Not expected - no suitable habitat Prairie falcon State: CSC marshes. Occurs as a permanent resident in most of California. Eats primarily small on site. (nesting) birds, mammals, and insects.

Falco peregrinus anatum Federal: None Nests and roosts on protected ledges of high cliffs, usually adjacent to lakes, rivers, Not expected - very marginal American peregrine falcon State: CFP or marshes. Permanent resident in the North and South Coast Ranges. Winters in foraging habitat on site. (nesting) SE the Central Valley southward through the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges. Feeds almost exclusively on birds.

G-50 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Geothlypis trichas sinuosa Federal: None Known throughout the Bay Area from Napa to Santa Cruz Counties. Nests in Not expected - no suitable nesting Salt marsh common yellowthro at State: CSC freshwater marshes in the spring and summer and moves into tidal sloughs and habitat on site. channels during the winter. Requires contiguous freshwater and salt water marsh habitats.

Haliaeetus leucocephalus Federal: FT Typically forage over large bodies of water, or large free-flowing rivers. Fish are Not expected - no suitable nesting Bald eagle State: CFP their primary prey item, but they will also feed on waterfowl. Nests are built in tall habitat on site. SE trees near water bodies that support fish and waterfowl populations.

Icteria virens Federal: None Nests in dense riparian habitats dominated by willows, alders, ash, blackberry, and Not expected - no suitable habitat Yellow-breasted chat State: CSC grape vines throughout California. on site. (nesting)

Lanius ludovicianus Federal: None Nests in woodland and scrub habitats at margins of open grasslands. Often uses Low - suitable nesting habitat on Loggerhead shrike State: CSC lookout perches such as fence posts. Resident and winter visitor in lowlands and site. fo oth ills thro ughou t Ca lifo rnia .

Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus Federal: None Secretive marsh bird found in damp areas with dense grass. Year-round resident in Not expected - no suitable habitat California black rail State: ST the greater Bay Area and more recently have been recorded from the Sierra on site. CFP Foothills. Inhabits tidal marshes, grassy marshes, stubble fields and wetlands. Nesting habitat is characterized by unfluctuating water levels with a depth of less than 3 cm and dense vegetativ e co ver.

Melospiza melodia maxillaris Federal: None Inhabits marshes of the Suisun Bay area from Martinez eastward along the south Not expected - no suitable habitat Suisun song sparrow State: CSC bayshore of Suisun Bay to Pittsburg, then north of Suisun Bay throughout the on site. extensive Suisun marshlands. The only remaining wetlands supporting these birds in the Carquinez Strait apparently is at the north end of Southampton Bay (Benicia Marsh).

Melospiza melodia pusillula Federal: None Occurs only along the southern and eastern fringes of the San Francisco Bay. Not expected - no suitable habitat Alameda (South Bay) song sparrow State: CSC Inhabits salt marsh habitats with dense vegetation, and upland habitats for refugia. on site.

Melospiza melodia samuelis Federal: None Distributed in marshes around San Pablo Bay continuously from Gallinas Creek in Not expected - no suitable habitat San Pablo song sparrow State: CSC the west, along the northern San Pablo bayshore, and throughout the extensive on site. marshes along the Petaluma, Sonoma and Napa Rivers. All along the southeast shoreline of San Pablo Bay, isolated populations occur in small marshes between Wilson Point and Pinole Point, and at the mouths of San Pablo Creek and Wildcat Creek.

G-51 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Nycticorax nycti corax Federal: None Found in lowlands and foothills throughout most of California. Nests in trees with Very low - suitable nesting habitat Black-crowned night heron (rookery) State: CNDDB dense foliage and in wetlands with dense emergent vegetation. on site.

Pelecanus occidentalis californicus Federal: FE Found in estuarine, marine subtidal, and marine pelagic waters along the California Not expected - no suitable habitat California brown pelican State: SE coast. Rare occurrance inland at the Salton Sea. Breeds on Channel Islands: on site. (nesting colo ny) CFP Anacapa, Santa Barbara, and Santa Cruz. Usually rests on water or inaccessible rocks (either offshore or on mainland), but also uses mudflats, sandy beaches, wharfs, and jetties.

Picoides nuttallii Federal: None Resident throughout California west of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Inhabits oak Low - suitable nesting habitat on Nuttall's woodpecker State: CNDDB forest and woodland, chaparral and riparian (especially willow-cottonwood) site. woodland. Extensively uses Quercus douglasii during the breeding season. Both sexes dig out a cavity in a tree, 1-18 m above ground.

Rallus longirostris obsoletus Federal: FE Inhabits tidal salt marshes of the greater San Francisco Bay, although some Not expected - no suitable habitat California clapper rail State: SE individuals use brackish marshes during the spring breeding season. It formerly on site. CFP occurred at Humboldt Bay in Humboldt County, Elkhorn Slough in Monterey County, and Morro Bay in San Luis Obispo County.

Sterna antillarum browni Federal: FE Nests on sand dunes close to water. mixes freely with other terns. Nesting sites Not expected - no suitable habitat California least tern State: SE range from San Francisco Bay to Baja California. on site.

Toxostoma redivivum Federal: None Ranges from Humboldt and Shasta Counties south to Baja California. Inhabits Not expected - no suitable habitat California thrasher State: CNDDB lowland and coastal chaparral, and riparian thickets. Usually seen on or near on site. ground. Nests constructed by both adults in bushes and small trees. Often seen in association with brown towhee and wren-tit.

Mammals Antrozous pallidus Federal: None Large range in western North America; fairly co mmo n in many areas; however, Low - suitable roosting habitat on Pa llid bat State: CSC regional population trends are poorly known. Inhabits open, dry habitats such as site. deserts, grasslands, and shrublands with rocky areas for roosting. Roosts in caves, mine tunnels, crevices in rocks, buildings, and trees. Bats are very sensitive to disturbance of roosting sites. Forages in open habitats.

Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii Federal: None Roosting sites include caves, mine tunnels, abandoned buildings, and other Low - suitable roosting habitat on townsendii State: CSC structures. Inhabits a variety of plant communities including coastal conifer and site. Townsend's western big-eared bat broad-leaf forests, oak and conifer woodlands, arid grasslands, and deserts. Most commonly associated with mesic sites. Highly sensitive to human disturbances; a single visit by humans can cause bats to abandon roosts.

G-52 Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Di podomys heermanni berkeleyensi s Federal: None Known from open grassy hilltops and open spaces in chaparral and blue oak/digger Not expected - no suitable habitat Berkeley kangaroo rat State: CNDDB pine woodlands in Alameda and Contra Costa Counties. Needs fine, deep, well on site. drained soil for burrowing.

Eumops peroti s californicus Federal: None Roosts in cliff faces and buildings. Ranges from California to Texas. Low - suitable roosting habitat on Western mastiff bat State: CSC site.

Lasiurus cinereus Federal: None Found throughout California. Habitats suitable for bearing young include all Low - suitable roosting habitat on Hoary bat State: CNDDB woodlands and forests with medium to large-size trees an d dense foliage. site.

Myotis evotis Federal: None Inhabits thinly forested areas around buildings or trees. Occasionally found in caves. Low - suitable roosting habitat on Long-eared myotis bat State: CNDDB Does not occur in large colonies. Distributed throughout the western U.S. site.

Myotis volans Federal: None Roosts colonially in buildings, small pockets and crevices in rock ledges, and Low - suitable roosting habitat on Long-legged myotis bat State: CNDDB exfoliating tree bark and hollows within snags. Distributed throughout the western site. U.S., Mexico, and Canada.

Myotis yumanensis Federal: None Roosts colonially in caves, tunnels, trees and buildings. Inhabits arid regions. Low - suitable roosting habitat on Yuma myotis bat State: CNDDB Distributed throughout the western U.S., Mexico, and Canada. site.

Nyctinomops macrotis Federal: None Rocky areas in rugged country, mainly below 1800 m. Has been observed roosting Low - suitable roosting habitat on Big free-tailed bat State: CSC in buildings. Known chiefly from Southern California through South America, but site. has been seen historically in Contra Costa and Alameda counties. Individuals present in su mmer in temperate North America migrate to warmer regio ns for winter.

Perognathus inornatus inornatus Federal: None Inhabits grassland and scrub habitats in Central and San Joaquin Valleys. Not expected - no suitable habitat San Joaquin pocket mouse State: CNDDB Associated with friable soils. on site.

Reithrodontomys raviventris Federal: FE Restricted to saline emergent wetlands of San Francisco Bay and its tributaries. Not expected - no suitable habitat Salt marsh harvest mouse State: SE Habitat consists primarily of pickleweed. Does not burrow; builds loose nests. on site. CFP Requires high grou nd to escape high tides and floods.

Scapanus latimanus parvus Federal: None Only known from Alameda Island. Found in a variety of habitats, especially annual Not expected - no suitable habitat Ala meda Isla nd mole State: CSC and perrenial grasslands. Prefers moist, friable soils. Avoids flooded soils. on site.

G-53 APPENDIX B Potentially Occurring Special-Status Wildlife Species

Scientific Name Potential for Status1 Habitat Affinities and Reported Localities in the Project Area Common Name Occurrence On Site

Sorex ornatus sinuosus Federal: None Suisun Shrews occur in the tidal marshes of the northern shores of San Pablo and Not expected - no suitable habitat Suisun shrew State: CSC Suisun bays, as far east as Grizzly Island and as far west as Sonoma Creek and on site. Tubbs Island. They inhabit tidal and brackish marshes where dense, low-lying cover and invertebrates are abundant, and where driftwood and other litter occurs above the mean high-tide line for nesting and foraging sites. Upland habitats continuous with the marshlands, offering sufficient cover and sources of food to sustain shrews during prolonged flooding of marshes and dikes, are also probably e sse ntia l.

Taxidea taxus Federal: None Inhabits open grasslands, savannas, and mountain meadows near timberline. Not expected - no suitable habitat American badger State: CSC Requires abundant burrowing mammals, their principal food source, and loose, on site. friable soils. Distributed throughout California except in the humid forests of the extreme northwest.

Vulpes macrotis mutica Federal: FE Range includes dry annual grassland or grassy open stages with scattered shrubby Not expected - no suitable habitat San Joaquin kit fox State: ST vegetation. Requires loose-textured sandy soils for denning, an d su itable prey base. on site.

1 Explanation of sensitivity status codes provided in Appendix C.

EDAW – Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment B-9 S:\Projects\Sufi Center\Reports\Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment 06-20-2008.doc

G-54

APPENDIX C Explanation of Sensitivity Status Codes

EDAW – Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment S:\Projects\Sufi Center\Reports\Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment 06-20-2008.doc

G-55 APPENDIX C EXPLANATION OF SENSITIVITY STATUS CODES AGENCIES CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY DESIGNATIONS (CNPS) U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE DESIGNATIONS (USFWS)

List 1: Plants of highest priority FE = listed as Endangered by the Federal Government List 1A: Plants presumed extinct in California FT = listed as Threatened by the Federal Government List 1B: Plants rare and endangered in California and elsewhere FPE = proposed as Endangered by the Federal Government List 2: Plants rare and endangered in California but more common FPT = proposed as Threatened by the Federal Government elsewhere FSS =federal sensitive species, as listed by Bureau of Land Management List 3: Plants about which additional data are needed and USFWS List 4: Plants of limited distribution C1 = Candidate; taxa for which USFWS has sufficient biological information to support a proposal to list as Endangered or Threatened. CNPS R-E-D Codes SC1 = Species of Concern MB = migratory non-game birds of management concern to the R (Rarity) USFWS; protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. 1 = Rare, but found in sufficient numbers and distributed widely enough 1As of Feb. 28, 1996, all Category 1 candidate taxa are now regarded merely that the potential for extinction or extirpation is low at this time. as Candidates. 2 = Occurrence confined to several populations or to one extended CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF FISH AND GAME DESIGNATIONS (DFG) population. 3 = Occurrence limited to one or a few highly restricted populations, or present in such low numbers that it is seldom reported. CE = Listed as Endangered by the State of California ? = More data are needed CR = Listed as Rare by the State of California E (Endangerment) CT = Listed as Threatened by the State of California 1 = Not endangered CPE = Proposed for listing as Endangered 2 = Endangered in a portion of its range CSC = California Species of Special Concern 3 = Endangered throughout its range * = taxa that are restricted in distribution, declining throughout their ? = More data are needed range, or associated with habitats that are declining in California. D (Distribution) CFP = Fully protected under the Cal. Fish and Game Code. 1 = More or less widespread outside California CP = Protected Species under Cal. Code of Regulations. 2 = Rare outside California CEQA=taxa which are considered to meet the criteria for listing as 3 = Endemic to California Endangered, Threatened or Rare by the DFG; impacts to such taxa must be ? = More data are needed addressed in CEQA documents. CEQA?=Taxa that might be locally significant; should be evaluated for note: currently, all CNPS list 1B and 2 taxa are considered "Special Plants" consideration during preparation of CEQA documents, as recommended by by the DFG. the DFG. CNDDB = Tracked by the California Natural Diversity Database

EDAW – Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment C-1 S:\Projects\Sufi Center\Reports\Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment 06-20-2008.doc G-56 APPENDIX D PHOTOGRAPHIC INDEX AND SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

EDAW – Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment D-1 S:\Projects\Sufi Center\Reports\Sufi Church Project Bio Assessment 06-20-2008.doc G-57 ...... 11 ...... "...... '. .. , .. .

1 I IJ

1m 1 , -, , r ;--~ ;~-, ...... '1", , , • ••• ,. .... , {."'.. ••••..t.. " .-';"- - l 11 White Horse Cour1 • ...... " ..."...... • "

,,...... "II"" ....."

...~~... ".'..' , --. Sandllary for Sufism Reoriented --=~, Photographic Index

• G-58

Photograph #1 – Entrance to 11 White Horse Court Looking Southeast

Photograph #2 – 11 White Horse Court Property Looking East

G-59

Photograph #3 – 11 White Horse Court Property Looking North

Photograph #4 – 11 White Horse Court Property Looking East

G-60

Photograph #5 – 11 White Horse Court Parsonage Looking North

Photograph #6 – 11 White Horse Court Parsonage Courtyard Looking North

G-61

Photograph #7 – 11 White Horse Court Property Looking West

Photograph #8 – 11 White Horse Court Property Looking South

G-62

Photograph #9 – 1366 and 1364 Boulevard Way Looking Southeast

Photograph #10 - 1366 Boulevard Way Looking South

G-63

Photograph #11 – 1366 Boulevard Way Looking East

Photograph #12 – 1366 Boulevard Way Looking North

G-64

Photograph #13 – 1364 Boulevard Way Looking South

Photograph #14 – 1364 Boulevard Way Looking East

G-65

Photograph #15 – 1364 Boulevard Way Looking North

Photograph #16 – 1364 Boulevard Way Looking West

G-66

Photograph #17 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking Southeast

Photograph #18 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking Southeast

G-67

Photograph #19 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking South Photograph #20 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking Northeast

G-68

Photograph #21 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking North Photograph #22 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking East

G-69

Photograph #23 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking South Photograph #24 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking South

G-70

Photograph #25 – 1384 Boulevard Way Looking Northeast

Photograph #26 1384 Boulevard Way Looking East

G-71

G-72

ARBORIST REPORT

G-73

G-74 L10SEPH McNEIL, CONSULTING ARBORIST

June 29, 2008 nC'f""Y7 .\)II:\ItI(:.\N SOCIElY o} {.Ik)~t/V COS'SlrJ.TINr...... RIIORISTS Ira Detrick Sufism Reoriented 1300 Boulevard Way Walnut Creek, CA 94595

SUBJECT: Report on trees at the proposed Sanctuary for Sufism Reoriented building site on Boulevard Way, Walnut Creek.

PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT Contra Costa County requires management on construction sites of trees 6 inches in trunk diameter or larger. This report includes a survey and identification ofthese trees and a description of each. It includes limited tree preservation measures.

Design and construction management details to protect trees requiring such protection can be devised by the architect, contractor, and project arborist to protect those trees. Details of such protection will be provided in memos as the design evolves.

This report contains a full list and description of all trees on the site and all trees on neighboring propelties whose canopies overhang the site to any degree. It also includes trees in the public right-of-way that are or may be affected. The impact to each tree has been provided, conditional on assumptions that are stated relative to that respective tree. To the extent these assumptions are changed the impacts will be changed.

SITE DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY This site extends along the south side of Boulevard Way for more than 700 feet northeast of the intersection of Boulevard Way with Kinney Drive. There are a number of existing buildings on the site, some of which will be demolished. The proposal is to build the main structure, much ofit underground, in the central and east pOltion of the site. The west portion of the site will be devoted to parking.

There are 54 trees considered in this report. Of these, 11 are off site on private adjoining propelties and are expected to experience a slight or minimal impact, or none at all. Seven more trees are in the pOltion ofthe public right-of-way currently proposed to be developed for vehicle or foot traffic. Five of these seven are either relatively small or are trees in poor condition and will be removed. One of the seven, #102, is in fair to good condition and is proposed to be removed. It is in an area that will be highly disturbed. The last of the seven, # 1929, is in good condition and can be preserved, although details of this preservation have not yet been devised.

Of the 36 other trees on the site all are currently proposed to be removed. Four ofthese are very highly rated. (see the explanation of Retention Index, bottom of page four) One of the four, #985 is in the proposed parking lot and a second, #1926 is in the proposed

3 HALTEN COURT PLEASANT HILL, CALIFORNIA 94523 925/676-5232 ISA Certified Arborist # WCOI02 California Stale Contractors License # 482248 (Trce Care C-61 D-49, Landscaping C-27) ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist #299

G-75 Sufism Reoriented Page 2 of6 Walnut Creek, CA Tree Report building location. Neither is in a position that allows preservation. The two other very highly rated trees, #178 and #181 are in a landscaped area adjacent to the parking.

Two other less highly rated trees, #1597 and #2477 are in the proposed building location and will be removed. The remaining 30 trees are less desirable.

POTENTIAL DISTURBANCE TO TREES Damage to trees may occur directly, from mechanical injury to roots, trunks or limbs, or more indirectly, if soil characteristics, such as density, soil atmosphere or moisture content are altered. Manifestations of these injuries may occur immediately, or may be delayed for a number of years, resulting in progressive decline.

Most tree roots on this site are likely to be in the top 18 inches of soil, a zone which is easily altered by even minor grading, trenching, or material storage. Such alterations may occur during demolition, grading, construction, and landscaping activ ities. Soil may become compacted, soil oxygen may then become easily depleted, drainage patterns upon which trees have become dependent may be altered, so that trees become drought stressed. Any changes in grade, increase or decrease, compaction, or pavement may have this effect. Where cuts must be made for utilities, the soil may quickly dry out from the side ofthe cut and kill roots.

It is less impOllant to avoid encroachment under tree canopies, which may be acceptable, than it is to dedicate a reasonable and necessary area under the tree as a protected root zone, and assure that this area remains dedicated to the needs of the roots. Any sidewalk or road re-construction near tree 1929, an oak in the public right-of-way, and tree 198, a nearby Aleppo pine apparently on the neighboring propetty can be managed consistent with the roots of the tree. I am also confident that the soil cuts for the building near trees 205 and 193, and for the parking lot near trees 187 and 188, ali on adjoining properties, can be managed so that the trees are not injured. Review of design and construction details to assure this, while not currently available, are part of the scope of my services, and will be provided in the future.

If such an area cannot be dedicated to a given tree, or the condition of that tree is such that it may not contribute into the future, the tree should be removed.

Joseph McNeil June 29, 2008

G-76 Sufism Reoriented Page 3 of6 Walnut Creek, CA Tree Report SITE MAP Two attached drawings are provided, at 30 scale, based on drawings provided by Aliquot. One is of the site as~it exists now, one as proposed, both with trees shown. Trees have been highlighted for visibility. Each tree is numbered on the drawing, corresponding to their numbers in the table of trees attached to this repott. Each tree on site has an attached aluminum tag with the corresponding number. Trees on neighboring sites do not have physical tags attached.

There are several tree numbering sequences, and these are scattered over the site. Tree numbers do not indicate where on the site the tree will be found. To make it easier for the reader to find a given tree number on the attached site maps each tree has been assigned to one of four zones, illustrated by the diagram below, and noted in the table of trees

Prominent trees, and all trees on neighboring private propelties have had the spread of the foliar canopies (the dripline) measured and placed on the drawings.

Joseph McNeil June 29, 2008

G-77 Sufism Reoriented Page 4 of6 Walnut Creek, CA Tree Report HOW TO READ THE TABLE OF TREES The specific information for each of the 54 trees assessed is found in the table at the end of the report. Each tree is indicated on the attached site drawing by a number. Most trees are physically numbered with an aluminum tag. The Zone number of each tree, as described above, is in the second table column.

The Species of each tree is noted in the third column, by common name. There are seventeen speCies on or next to the site, included in this survey.

COMMON NAME LATIN NAME COMMENTS

Aleppo Pine Pinus halepensis Often leans toward the south. Adapted to dry . climate. 8lac~ acacia Acacia melanoxylon Prone to multiple poor trunk and limb attachments. mechanical failure. Relatively short lived. Canary Island Date Palm Phoenix canarien.sis Largesllrunk of commonly seen palms. Can be messy. Chamaecyparis sp. Chamaecyparis One of a large group of evergreens, ·False cypress· Chinese Elm Ulmus parvifolia Attractive bark, semi-evergreen. Chinese tallow Sapium sebiferum Speclacular fall color, to about 40 feet Coast Live oak Quercus agrifolia Coast live oak. Evergreen. somewhat toleranl of disturbance. Cork oak Quercus suber The tree of wine corks. Mediterranean, with cultural requirements similar to our native coast live oak. Flowering plum Prunus sp. One of a variety that are 'volunteer' seeded Hawthorn Crataegus sp. Most species notable for flowers, some for fruit Monterey pine Pinus radiala Out of it's natural range, susceptible to inseel attack. Requires summer irrigation. Mulberry Morus alba Fruiting & non-fruiting forms. Fruit will cause staining Raywood ash Fraxinus oxycarpa Medium size, fall color, susceptible to a dieback 'Raywood' caused by a Botryosphaeria sp. Siberian elm Ulmus pumila Prone to mechanical failure Silver dollar gum Eucalyptus polyanthemos Good medium tree Silver wattle Acacia dealbata Unstable, fast-growing, tree which tends to take over. Short lived, prone to decay and failure. Valley oak Quercus lobata Native, slightly less tolerant of development than live oak

The Diameter of the trunk or trunks, in inches, is given, measured at 54 inches. Ifthere are several trunks each are noted.

The Health of the tree and the Structure are rated in the next two columns. Both are rated on a scale of 1-10, with 10 being the most favorable. Health is a measure of the vigor ofthe tree. Lower ratings, (below 5) indicate that a tree is seriously declining in health.

Structure is a measure ofthe mechanical form and arrangement of the trunk and limbs. Trees with low structure ratings have failed mechanically in the past, or are at higher risk to do so in the future than trees with higher (better) structure rating.

Joseph McNeil June 29, 2008

G-78 Sufism Reoriented Page 5 of6 Walnut Creek. CA Tree Report Retention Index is an assessment of how desirable the retention of this tree is, independently of proposed design or site alterations. This rating is based on intrinsic features ofthe tree itself. It is a combination of:

• Species. Oaks are generally highly desirable. Blue gum eucalyptus are less, in some settings. Walnuts are not often realistically preserved. • Health and Structure. Trees with defects or health problems do not warrant special effort to retain. • Size. Even highly desirable species in good condition can be replaced if they are small enough. Their retention index is thus lower.

Generally, trees with an index of 8 or higher are worth effort to preserve. This does not mean that they must be preserved, or that it is inappropriate to remove them. Realistic layout of a lot and cost of development may preclude retention of some otherwise desirable trees. The best use of the land may require removal of even trees with the highest retention index or potential.

Trees with an index of 7 should be considered for retention.

Trees with an index of 5 or 6 should be retained only if there is an overriding need for a tree in that location, in the short term, and there is not time for a replacement tree to grow. Or, they may be retained ifthere is no palticular reason to remove them

For trees with indices lower than 5, no effOlt should be made to preserve. This does not mean they should not be retained, only that, unless there are other considerations, the project should not accommodate them.

Construction Impact is an estimate of the probable effects of proposed construction. It assumes that, around trees to be preserved, all possible care will be exercised in fencing, protection, traffic prevention, landscaping, and other phases of construction, within constraints of the proposed project. These range from:

• "None". • "Minimal". There may be some root injury which should not be manifest in the appearance of the tree if construction techniques are careful and the root zone is protected, • "Slight". There is slightly more injury, and there may be some subtle injury response, but not to a serious degree, • "Moderate". There may be visible signs, in the tree canopy, that root injury has occurred. • "Remove". Retention ofthe tree is likely incompatible with the project.

Impact assessment at the time of this report are based on assumptions of construction as illustrated in the drawings or otherwise discussed in the Table of Trees.

The Comments column contains general observations about each tree.

Joseph McNeil June 29, 2008

G-79 Sufism Reoriented Page 6 of6 Walnul Creek, CA Tree Report PROTECTION FOR OFF SITE TREES Temporary protective fencing is appropriate for only two trees. The fencing by trees 187 and 188 at the southwest corner, just off-site will be immediately behind the back of the proposed curb, and is shown on the drawing. This fencing must be in place before demolition commences and must remain throughout grading and construction. A sign must be placed on the fence advising that it may not be moved without approval of the site supervisor and the project arborist.

It is essential that I visit the site immediately after the excavation in the parking lot near these trees. Depending on severed roots observed the trees mayor may not require supplemental irrigation.

There is no benefit to fencing around tree 205. Storm drain lines and heating/cooling lines occupy the space between the building and the propelty line. As with trees 187 and 188 it will be important for me to visit the site and recommend measures to keep the soil moist where roots of this tree remain.

Tree 193 has a compact root system. It will not be significantly affected by the nearby soil cut, and no fence is advised, but it may require supplemental irrigation.

The area between the north side ofthe proposed building and the property line by tree 202 will be occupied by a storm drain, sufficiently far from tree 202, which issmall, that I don't expect an effect on the tree. Temporary fencing would have to be placed against the existing masonry wall which will remain, thus is pointless.

I'll be working with the architect and the contractor to assure minimal root disturbance in both the design and construction of the new sidewalk around tree 1929. Existing sidewalk and as much of the driveway near the tree as possible must remain in place as long as possible. The demolition of this area should not take place until toward the end of the project, so that the new surface can be immediately placed, minimizing exposure of tree roots to injmy. The work required precludes the use oftemporary fencing.

PRUNING OF TREE 193 This palm on the neighbor's property to the south is a young seedling. It is likely too short to be of value on the market, but could be moved within the site. On the other hand it is of use where it is if it is pruned. The trunk will not gain girth and thus should not thl:eaten the parking lot to the nOl1h. The root system is compact and fibrous and will not be compromised by the work nearby.

The fronds on the n0l1h side can be removed to provide vertical clearance. The tree will provide shade to at least two parking spaces, a benefit that will increase over the years, if it is left where it is. These palms drop dead fronds that can cause damage to a car, so it will be necessary for it to be pruned every 3-5 years.

10seph McNeil June 29. 2008

G-80 Sufism Reoriented Page 7 of6 Walnul Creek, CA Tree Report TASKS TO BE COMPLETED YET • The project arborist must have a meeting prior to demolition with the general contractor and the demolition contractor. Tree protection for all of the off-site trees depends on close cooperation, care in excavation, notification of excavation, and follow-through in required mitigation for any root injury observed. • The project arborist must check for potential injury to roots of trees 187, 188, 193, 205, and 202 and provide recommendations for supplemental irrigation. • The project arborist must work with the architect on details of wall design near trees 187 and 188, and sidewalk/driveway sections near tree 1929. • The project arborist and contractor must work together to assure field conditions near trees"i929, 187, 188 are as anticipated in the design, and make adjustments accordingly.

LIMITING CONDITIONS OF THIS REPORT The observations and recommendations in this report at'e limited to current conditions, environment and proposals for the site, as described in the report. There appeared to be no indication for laboratory diagnostics nor aerial inspection of the tt·ees, and this repolt does not contain them.

Protection for tree 1929, 187, 188 will be developed as details of sidewalk and road sections are developed. Pruning recommendations are outside the scope of this repolt, but will be provided, if appropriate.

This report relies upon representations by you and Aliquot Engineering concerning propelty and easement boundaries and proposed construction, as well as tree locations .

. This report can be reproduced by you or Aliquot Engineering as necessary, in it's entirety only. Portions of this report may not be reproduced

CERTIFICATION OF THIS DOCUMENT I celtify that the observations and recommendations in this document are complete and correct, to the best of my knowledge and belief, and are made in good faith. Please contact me as flllther questions arise.

1 seph McNeil eltified Arborist #WCOI02 Registered Consulting Arborist #299, ASCA Contractors Lic. #482248 (Tree service C-61 D-49, Landscaping C-27, inactive)

Joseph McNeil June 29, 2008

G-81 Trees at the Construction Site of Page 1 of 3 the Sanctuary for Sufism Reoriented, Boulevard Way, Walnut Creek, CA

&- ." '- I!' » § f! ~ s ~ ~ ~ (;- Species ~ (§G~-§ 01 Comments ~ "'l .:f!i ~ ~~ Q?~ ..f ..::~ Q C:5 Q:' 11.11,10, Streetside tree, in proposed road. Planted under high voltage lines. Bacterial 102 1 Siberian elm 7 6 7 Remove G wetwood infection, not serious Will be removed with currently proposed configuration of landscape, sidewalk and parking. 178 4 Valley oak 23 9 8 9 Remove Some trunk codominance, not serious at this time 179 4 Coast live oak 13 8 5 6 Remove Suppressed under 178, not well formed. In proposed parking 180 4 Mulberry 11 7 6 5 ' Remove In proposed parking

181 4 Valley oak 27 8 9 9 Remove Will be removed with currently proposed configuration of landscape, sidewalk and parking.

182 4 Coast live oak 18, 15 9 6 7 Remove The dominant trunk leans, suppressed under 181. Some trunk codominance, in parking.

183 4 Coast live oak 8,7 8 7 5 Remove Codominant trunks with included bark. In proposed parking Cut to 7 ft. stump, has grown 30 ft shoots above. There is exposed dead and cracked trunk 184 4 SIberian elm 27 9 0 0 Remove wood, high mechanical failure potential. In proposed parking 185 4 Siberian elm 18 7 5 4 Remove Codominanttrunk, high failure potential in the future. In proposed parking Codominant trunk, included bark at 4 ft. Topped at 10 feet, has grown codominant shoots 186 4 Siberian elm 10,9 9 4 0 Remove another 20 feet. In proposed parking 187 4 Chamaecyparis sp. 5,4.4,3 8 6 -- Slight 188 4 Chamaecyparis sp. 7,7,4 6 6 -- Slight 189 4 Siberian elm 13,9,6,8 6 4 0 Remove Codominant trunk, included bark. In proposed parkins 5,4,4,3,3, Siberian elm Remove 190 4 322 8 0 0 These are sprouts from an 18 inch tall stump. In proposed parking Topped at 10ft, with 30 ft sprouts above. High failure potential in the future. In proposed 191 4 Siberian elm 25 9 4 0 Remove I parking Topped at 7 ft, multiple 3 inch shoots, 15 feet long. Will be hazardous in the future. In 192 4 Valley oak 10 8 5 4 Remove I proposed road Canary Island date Minimal A young plant, seedling, with a short trunk, perhaps 10 feet tall. 193 3 oalm 2' 9 9 -- 194 3 Silver dollar gum 10 8 8 7 .Remove Currently in proposed drainage swale. 195 2 Black acacia 5,5,5 7 0 0 Remove Partly dead. In proposed sidewalk 196 3 Silver wattle G 8 0 0 Remove Prostate for 3 ft, then upright. In proposed building 197 2 Chinese elm G 9 8 6 Remove In proposed building Suppressed, leans out from under 1929. Any continuation of the sidewalk must 198 1 Aleppo pine 15 7 5 Slight --- account for potential root conflict. 199 1 Raywood ash -1' 5 7 --- None Heavy Botryosehaeria d iebac k. 200 1 Raywood ash -1. 6 7 --- None 201 1 Raywood_ash -13 7 7 L"'""- None

Off-Site Trees are in Joseph McNeil Boldface Font June 29, 2008

G-82 Trees at the Construction Site of Page 2 of 3 the Sanctuary for Sufism Reoriented, Boulevard Way, Walnut Creek, CA

d; ;. 0 !:: -Ie S §~~ (;- §'" If Species ! l§(j~-§> (f Comments ~ ~ .:li :t ~ ~ oS ..§ 0° Q OJ Q:' ~ 202 1 Chinese tallow -s 6 8 -- None 203 1 Valley oak -1. 8 8 - None 204 1 Cork oak -24 9 I 7 - None 205 1 Monterey pine -11 8 10 - Minimal Low retention potential only because it's a small tree, could be replaced within a few 327 4 Coast live oak Remove • 9 8 6 years if a tree were needed here. Shown in the proposed roadway •• 395 3 Flowering plum 7,5,4,3,3 7 4 0 Remove Multiple trunks, poor form 396 4 Silver wattle 7,6,6,6 9 4 0 Remove Multiple trunks, poor form Multiple and repeating codominant trunks, will be hazardous in future. In proposed 982 3 Valley oak 9 Remove 9 6 5 sidewalk 983 4 Valley oak 10 9 6 6 Remove Codominant trunks at six feet. In proposed parking, 984 Flowering plum 3.8,3.3 8 5 Remove Undersized, smaller than ordinance control, not included in report Leans to the east. Irrigation and fill soil from three years ago has been largely corrected, In 985 4 Coast live oak 31 9 8 10 Remove proposed parking 1597 1 Valley oak 23 8 9 8 Remove In proposed building 1919 2 alack acacia 10 8" 4 0 Remove Exposed dead heartwood, In proposed sidewalk, Poor health, cut back very badly for primary lines. Red turpentine beetle attacks from 1920 2 Monterey pine ,. 4 0 0 Remove 3 years ago have subsided, but a western gall rust hip canker spreads around 50% of the trunk at the qround. In proposed roadwav. Better health than 1920, has one attack site of Sequoia pitch moth. One girdling root. 1921 2 Monterey pine Remove 21 7 8 5 In proposed sidewalk Western gall rust at 3 feet, causing a serious canker, trunk defect. In proposed new 1922 2 Monterey pine Remove ,. 6 4 0 landscape/curb 1923 2 Chinese elm 9 8 8 6 Remove In corner of proposed buildinq, 1924 2 Chinese elm 7 7 0 0 Remove 45 degree lean, falling over, In proposed building, 1925 2 Chinese elm 7 7 6 5 Remove Suppressed and leaning, In proposed building, 1926 2 Valley oak 27 8 10 9 Remove In proposed building, 1927 2 Mulberry 7 8 0 0 Remove Topped, all limbs removed, only the trunk remains, In proposed building, 1928 2 Mulberry 7 8 0 0 Remove Topped, all limbs removed, only the trunk remains, In proposed building,

1929 1 Valley oak 17 8 7 8 Slight Topped, under primary lines. Impact depends on design of the sidewalk past the tree. 1930 2 Siberian elm ., S 7 0 0 Remove Codominant trunks, included bark, InpJ"oposed building, 1931 2 Siberian elm 14 5 5 0 Remove In proposed buildinq,

Off-Site Trees are in Joseph McNeil Boldface Font June 29, 2008

G-83 Trees at the Construction Site of Page 3 of 3 the Sanctuary for Sufism Reoriented, Boulevard Way, Walnut Creek, CA

& oS" ~§.~-!\0 >: (;- S'" !' Species ! ~(j;§-§ ~ Comments ~ ':-,;f(j <-:.s0-"':Qj,:j.Jl: t:: .§ t Q 0 Q:' ....~- Tendency toward included bark and codominant trunks, repeatedly, at several levels. 2473 3 Valley oak 27 8 7 6 Remove Pruning will not correct the structure. Crossing branches will graft together but tree will be a hazard in the distanifuture. In proposed building.

2474 3 Hav.rthom 7.5 9 6 5 Remove Tangled form, typical for species. In proposed' building.

Two 8 inch codominant trunks with included bark, and a wound on the trunk, missing bark at 2475 3 Siberian elm 11, 10 7 5 0 Remove 3 feet above the ground. Wound at 7 feet with surface decay only. Girdling telephone wire at 12 feet, must be 2477 3 Coast live oak 22 8 8 8 Remove removed. The tree looks somewhat more vigorous than it did three years ago. In the proposed building.

Off-Site Trees are in Joseph McNeil Boldface Font June 29, 2008

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G-86 L.JOSEPH McNEIL, CONSULTING ARBDRIST

/1("'/'",i_r/ ,\)lf.RICAN 'H)GaT\' OJ June 22, 2009 W\JVM Ct>NS.ULTJNr; ARI

Sufism Reoriented Christopher D. Martin 1300 Boulevard Way Walnut Creek, CA 94595

SUBJECT: Existing trees and the new driveway section for fire access road. You have requested my comments. I visited the site again and confirmed earlier observations. Further information about each of these trees is available in earlier reports.

MONTEREY PINES 209-213 The proposed new section for the driveway will potentially have secondary, manageable impact on five Monterey pines, numbers 209 through 213. These trees range in trunk diameter from 20 to 26 inches, and up to 90 feet tall. They appear to be in good health, but are overmature, with leaning trunks.

The new road section will be within the bold red lines in the attached 30 scale site detail of this area. The section will be up to three feet thick with a pervious surface. Because many or most roots are close to the surface I expect this section will remove all roots within or beyond the section. However, because of lean of the trees, existence of pavement over the area of the proposed road, and a much more attractive rooting zone on the opposite sides of the trees I expect most roots to be within the yard, not in the area that will be subexcavated.

There is some evidence of small roots at the surface near the section, and it's possible that roots up to two inch diameter will be discovered and removed at the edge of the road during excavation, although most will be much smaller. This is sufficiently distant that I expect no direct effect on tree stability or tree health. Because wounds on the tree limbs, trunk or roots may attract bark beetles, this secondary effect of beetle attack is the most likely damage that could occur. Attack by beetles may or may not occur, but especially may be rendered unsuccessful if care is taken.

The most effective preventive for avoidance of bark beetles on these trees if injury must occur, (in this case root injury) is to assure sufficient hydration; trees with plenty of water will resist and mechanically expel invading beetles with copious pitch flow.

If this work can be done in the winter, mid-November through January, bark beetles will be largely dormant. By the time they are active again the volatiles released by the wounds will be dispersed and the trees will not be particularly attractive. Further, the soil is more likely to be moist from rainfall.

If the soil is not moist, or if the work must be done outside late fall/early winter months the most effective preventive will be to soak the soil thoroughly within the garden, from

3 HALTEN COURT PLEASANT HILL, CALIFORNIA 94523 925/676-5232 ISA Certified Arborist # WCOI02 Caliromia State Contractors License# 482248 (Tree Care C-61 D-49. Landscaping C-27) ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist #299

G-87 Sufism Reoriented Page2 Access Drive Section the tree trunks to 15 or 20 feet back. This should be done at least a week prior to injury, and every three weeks for that first dry season and the one following.

Avoid any pruning on these trees outside mid November through January. When the excavation for the road section occurs an inventory of severed roots should be made, to assure that proper compensatory irrigation can be scheduled, if necessary.

COAST LIVE OAK, #6612 This is a seven inch diameter oak, pruned to a tall hedge form on all sides. It will be removed.

ALMOND TREE, #215 This tree is approximately 8 inches in trunk diameter. I expect no impact will occur to it as a result of the proposed work. I've outlined a trapezoidal shape on the attached site detail, composed of three chain link fence panels, five feet tall, secured against the existing wood fence. This fencing should be in place prior to and throughout construction of the roadway. Appropriate protection of this tree will consist of the fencing.

Please contact me iffmther questions arise.

Joseph McNeil Certified Arborist #WC0102 Registered Consulting Arborist #299, ASCA Contractors Lie. #482248 (Tree service C-61 D-49, Landscaping C-27, inactive)

Joseph McNeil June 22, 2009

G-88 ._./__ --=-- '"ICVi'

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G-89 .JOSEPH McNEIL, CONSULTING ARBDRIST

/'JC'"fV/1_ .0\t:RI~AN :101:\ET\" r>/ August 4, 2009 ~l.J.;'"""' ~ONSl!LTJ!Iic; ARtiOII.IHS

Sufism Reoriented Christopher D. Mattin 1300 Boulevard Way Walnut Creek, CA 94595

SUBJECT: Creation of a 20 foot wide access from Warren Road and management of existing trees to the sides of this easement, during and after construction. You have requested my comments. Fmther information about each of these trees is available in earlier repotts.

OPTION ONE This is a previously considered option, to rebuild only the east-west section of the road south of pine trees #209-#213. (please see attached drawing) This was discussed in my letter of June 22, 2009.

OPTION TwO A second option to create a 20 foot access road would cause removal of most of the existing trees on the east side of the road, and would require that at least some of the road section be built on top of the existing grade to avoid loss of at least one tree outside the easement to the west.

The hatched area of the attached drawing demonstrates the extent of the easement, one proposal for road width and location of existing trees, should the entire road be constructed to a 20 foot width. Existing trees that would be removed would include the 31 inch trunk diameter Aleppo pine, a tree well adapted to Walnut Creek climate, an II inch pin oak, a redwood with two trunks of 25 and 6 inch diameter, a 17 inch pin oak and a native valley oak with two trunks of 18 and 9 inch diameters respectively. Although a smaller 7 inch pine, #6617 is outside the easement, it could not stand in the absence of the larger trees around it and would also have to be removed.

The concern for trees to remain witt be primarily for their structural integrity and less for loss of small absorbing roots. Temporary supplemental irrigation can compensate for loss of small roots, but loss of large roots close to tree trunks may destabilize the entire structure. Such structural concerns apply to the liquidambar #219 on the west side and to a lesser extent the Japanese maple #207 and the two privets on the east side. Cork oak #216, on the west, is a concern only if the roadway section is extended out into the public right of way, which I understand will not be the case.

No subexcavation into existing grade can occur within ten feet of the liquidambar, cork oak or valley oak, and none within eight feet of the maple or four feet of either of the privets. The olive, tree #217, will withstand loss of roots.

An alternative within this 20 foot wide option is to re-pave over existing pavement and extend the new road to the sides over the existing shoulder. Subgrade preparation could occur as required outside the zones noted above around the liquidambar, maple and privets to remain. Within those zones loose soil and organic material must be removed by high

3 HALTEN COURT PLEASANT HILL, GALIFORN_IA 94523 925/676-5232 !SA Certified Arborist # WC0102 California State Contractors License# 482248 (Tree Care C-61 D-49, Landscaping C-27) ASCA Registered Consulting Arborist #299

G-90 Sufism Reoriented Page 2 Twenty Foot Access Drive Section

pressure air or water with a vacuum truck. Crushed rock can be placed back to the level of the existing adjacent paved surface, then covered with a bi-axial geogrid that also extends over the existing pavement. This geogrid is described in the attached documents.

Several inches of crushed rock must be placed above the geogrid, and a pavement may be placed above this rock. The section must be confined on the sides to prevent escape of the rock. This cam be accomplished either by timbers or poured curb secured by small piers; essentially a small grade beam.

The finish surface may be a penneable asphalt, but I understand it is likely that slight settlement of the new section over the existing shoulder may cause a crack at the edge of the existing pavement. Using paving stones for at least the shoulder will minimize this, or will minimize it's visibility. At your option pavers could be used for the entire surface, for uniformity.

A second alternative within this 20 foot wide option would be to remove existing AC, create a conventional section outside the critical radii identified above for the trees to remain and excavate a shallow depth by air or water within those critical radii. Replace soil removed between roots with crushed rock to cover them, place geogrid over the roo1frock section, add more rock, then place the pavement or pavers on top, again confined at the sides by a curb.

OPTION THREE A third option, a compromise to preserve the trees and widen patt of the road, would require the entire road section to be built on existing grade. This option would widen the road primarily on the west side, increasing the width on the east side only to the north of tree 6613, a valley oak.

Widening on the west side near the liquidambar 219 would be accomplished as in option one. That is, organic matter and loose soil would be removed to a depth of several inches around structural roots, if within 10 feet of that tree, that soil replaced with crushed rock to the elevation of the adjacent pavement. Geogrid would extend across the existing AC and the new rock subgrade, with more crushed rock forming a section between the geogrid and new pavement or pavers near the liquidambar, all held in place laterally by a curb.

I trust this answers most questions regarding these options. Please contact me if you have 1nore.

J eph McNeil ettified Arborist #WCO I 02 Registered Consulting Arborist #299, ASCA Contractors Lie. #482248 (Tree service C-61 D-49, Landscaping C-27, inactive)

Joseph McNeil August 4, 2009 G-91 213 21, • .210. J.. ~ 20 24" MO · • MONT. 211 NT • MONT. ~~~·g 20 PINE PINE 26" MO . PINE 2 • MONT. PINE PINE 2

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G-92 Road building over soft soil or tree root zone using Biaxial Geogrid material

Dave Dockter, Landscape Specialist, City of Palo Alto

Synopsis Biaxial geogrid material is used as a subgrade layer below aggregate (rock) in reinforcing pavement and all-season road building applications. It is a stiff synthetic permeable material consisting of sets of tensile ribs pre-tensioned in two directions to allow pinning down of surrounding soil, stone, or other material. Geogrid can be constructed over soft soils or tree root zones, improves filtration, reduces base thickness needed, compaction of underlying parent soil (85%) and incidents of tire ruts and soil migration. Product specifications and details are available from manufacturer at http://www.tensarcorp.com.html.

Tensor BX-1100 or equivalent is acceptable for use over tree root zones when recommended under pw·view ofconsulting arborist.

Figures supplied by manufacturer

Geogrid Soil Stengthing_ Road building over soft soil or tree root zone Dave Dockter, Landscape Specialist

G-93 Road building over soft soil or tree root zone using Biaxial Geogrid material

• No additional compaction. To protect the root zones affected by a driveway in the root zone of a protected tree, consider the best management practice use of Tensar BX-II 00 Biaxial Geogrid to minimize required compaction and to relieve the roots from strain caused by passing cars. With Tensar BX-11 00 geogrid, compaction can be limited to 85%, and is more than adequate (BX-1200 material is rated for freeways).

Figure 8 - Confinement Geogrid vs Tensioned Membranes

• Soil Analysis: The soil analysis should be performed and may show existing compaction of 85%-95% at test sites. Generally, the soil will not need additional compaction to support the Biaxial Geogrid. Once installed the Geogrid will disperse the load from vehicles. • Permeable surfaces. Proposed driveways should be evaluated for the percentage of cover within the drip line area of the trees. To allow the needed water to reach the roots consider the use of permeable paver stones. The advantages over concrete include permeability, attractiveness; they won't crack, and are known to have good traction.

Geogrid Soil Stengthing_Road building over soil soil or tree root zone Dave Dockter, Landscape Specialist

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