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The Lateran Pacts and the Debates in the Italian Constituent Assembly with Reference to Religious Freedom, and the Consequences for Religious Minorities (1946-1948)
_________________________________________________________________________Swansea University E-Theses The Lateran Pacts and the debates in the Italian Constituent Assembly with reference to religious freedom, and the consequences for religious minorities (1946-1948). Thomas, Huw Martin How to cite: _________________________________________________________________________ Thomas, Huw Martin (2005) The Lateran Pacts and the debates in the Italian Constituent Assembly with reference to religious freedom, and the consequences for religious minorities (1946-1948).. thesis, Swansea University. http://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43092 Use policy: _________________________________________________________________________ This item is brought to you by Swansea University. Any person downloading material is agreeing to abide by the terms of the repository licence: copies of full text items may be used or reproduced in any format or medium, without prior permission for personal research or study, educational or non-commercial purposes only. The copyright for any work remains with the original author unless otherwise specified. The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder. Permission for multiple reproductions should be obtained from the original author. Authors are personally responsible for adhering to copyright and publisher restrictions when uploading content to the repository. Please link to the metadata record in the Swansea University repository, Cronfa (link given in the citation -
The Treaty Establishing the European Community
10 . 11 . 97 | EN Official Journal of the European Communities C 340/ 173 CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY (97/C 340 /03 ) C 340/ 174 | EN | Official Journal of the European Communities 10 . 11 . 97 CONTENTS Page I — Text of the Treaty Preamble Part One — Principles 181 Part Two — Citizenship of the Union 186 Part Three — Community policies 187 TITLE I — Free movement of goods 187 Chapter 1 — The Customs Union 188 Chapter 2 — Prohibition of quantitative restrictions between Member States 189 TITLE II — Agriculture 190 TITLE III — Free movement of persons, services and capital 193 Chapter 1 — Workers 193 Chapter 2 — Right of establishment 195 Chapter 3 — Services 197 Chapter 4 — Capital and payments 199 TITLE IV — Visas , asylum, immigration and other policies related to free movement of persons 200 TITLE V — Transport 205 TITLE VI — Common rules on competition , taxation and approximation of laws . 208 Chapter 1 — Rules on competition 208 Section 1 — Rules applying to undertakings 208 Section 2 — Aids granted by States 211 Chapter 2 — Tax provisions 212 Chapter 3 — Approximation of laws 213 10 . 11 . 97 | EN 1 Official Journal of the European Communities C 340/ 175 TITLE VII — Economic and monetary policy 215 Chapter 1 — Economic policy 215 Chapter 2 — Monetary policy 220 Chapter 3 — Institutional provisions 224 Chapter 4 — Transitional provisions 227 TITLE VIII — Employment 235 TITLE IX — Common commercial policy 237 TITLE X — Customs cooperation 238 TITLE XI — Social policy, education, vocational -
Journal of European Integration History
Journal of European Integration History Revue d’Histoire de l’Intégration Européenne Zeitschrift für Geschichte der europäischen Integration JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION HISTORY Edited by Contents The purpose of The Journal of European Integration History is to encourage the analysis and The European Union Liaison Elena CALANDRI, Simone PAOLI understanding of different aspects of European integration, especially since 1945, in as wide a Commitee of Historians Europe and the Mediterranean in the long 1980s perspective as possible. The Journal publishes the conclusions of research on diplomatic, military, Evanthis HATZIVASSILIOU economic, technological, social and cultural aspects of integration. Numbers devoted to single Number 1 n The Cold War as a Frontier: The Mediterranean themes as well as to diverse subjects are published in English, French or German. Each number Cleavages and the View from NATO, 1967-1982 includes reviews of important, relevant publications. Karin LIEBHART Images of the Mediterranean in Late 20th Century REVUE D’HISTOIRE DE L’INTÉGRATION EUROPÉENNE German Quality Press Volume 21 L’objectif de la Revue d’histoire de l’intégration européenne est de promouvoir l’analyse et la n Sofia PAPASTAMKOU compréhension des différents aspects de l’intégration européenne particulièrement depuis 1945, Greece between Europe and the Mediterranean, mais sans exclusive. La Revue publie les résultats des recherches sur les aspects diplomatiques, 1981-1986.The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict and the 2015 militaires, économiques, technologiques, sociaux et culturels de l’intégration. Les numéros à thème n Greek-Libyan Relations as Case Studies ou ceux ouverts à diverses perspectives sont publiés dans l’une des langues suivantes: anglais, Claudia CASTIGLIONI français, allemand. -
Descriptive Catalogue
Irish Council of the European Movement Archives [P204] UCD Archives archives @ucd.ie www.ucd.ie/archives T + 353 1 716 7555 F + 353 1 716 1146 © 2005 University College Dublin. All rights reserved ii Introduction v A. ICEM, STRUCTURE AND NATIONAL ACTIVITY I. Early years and Executive Committee, 1 1948-80 II. Annual General Meetings, 1961-80 2 III. Seminars and Conferences, 1960-79 (i) Information Meetings in Ireland 3 (ii) Visits by Experts: correspondence and 5 speakers IV. Other National Activities, 1963-79 (i) Education a. Essays and Lectures 6 b. Michael Sweetman Educational Trust 7 (ii) Related Bodies 8 V. Publications, 1972-79 (i) Articles 9 (ii) Research Papers 9 (iii) Occasional Papers 10 (iv) European Parliament and Assembly 10 (v) Other Publications 11 VI. Correspondence, 1960-79 12 VII. Finances, 1959-80 (i) Accounts 14 (ii) Cash Books, Subscription Books and Ledgers 15 (iii) Other Cash Books 16 VII. Photographs, 1975-79 17 iii B. INTERNATIONAL EUROPEAN MOVEMENT I. Executive Committee meetings and 17 International Conferences, 1962-80 II. Finances, 1959-77 21 C. IRISH ENTRY TO E.E.C., 1954-79 21 D. DIRECT ELECTIONS TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, 1977-79 I. Multi-media Campaign 22 II. Surveys 23 III. Budgets 23 IV. Brussels and Legislation 24 V. Candidates, Count and Results 24 VI. Publications 25 VII. Related Bodies 25 E. REFERENCE FILES, 1962-80 26 iv Introduction The Irish Council of the European Movement was founded in 1955 and is a branch of the International European Movement, itself founded in 1948 as the parent body for non-governmental organisations working towards the objective of a united Europe. -
Zweete Weltkrich
D'Occupatioun Lëtzebuerg am Zweete Weltkrich 75 Joer Liberatioun Lëtzebuerg am Zweete Weltkrich 75 Joer Liberatioun 75 Joer Fräiheet! 75 Joer Fridden! 5 Lëtzebuerg am Zweete Weltkrich. 75 Joer Liberatioun 7 D'Occupatioun 10 36 Conception et coordination générale Den Naziregime Dr. Nadine Geisler, Jean Reitz Textes Dr. Nadine Geisler, Jean Reitz D'Liberatioun 92 Corrections Dr. Sabine Dorscheid, Emmanuelle Ravets Réalisation graphique, cartes 122 cropmark D'Ardennenoffensiv Photo couverture Photothèque de la Ville de Luxembourg, Tony Krier, 1944 0013 20 Lëtzebuerg ass fräi 142 Photos rabats ANLux, DH-IIGM-141 Photothèque de la Ville de Luxembourg, Tony Krier, 1944 0007 25 Remerciements 188 Impression printsolutions Tirage 800 exemplaires ISBN 978-99959-0-512-5 Editeur Administration communale de Pétange Droits d’auteur Malgré les efforts de l’éditeur, certains auteurs et ayants droits n’ont pas pu être identifiés ou retrouvés. Nous prions les auteurs que nous aurons omis de mentionner, ou leurs ayants droit, de bien vouloir nous en excuser, et les invitons à nous contacter. Administration communale de Pétange Place John F. Kennedy L-4760 Pétange page 3 75 Joer Fräiheet! 75 Joer Fridden! Ufanks September huet d’Gemeng Péiteng de 75. Anniversaire vun der Befreiung gefeiert. Eng Woch laang gouf besonnesch un deen Dag erënnert, wou d’amerikanesch Zaldoten vun Athus hir an eist Land gefuer koumen. Et kéint ee soen, et wier e Gebuertsdag gewiescht, well no véier laange Joren ënner der Schreckensherrschaft vun engem Nazi-Regime muss et de Bierger ewéi en neit Liewe virkomm sinn. Firwat eng national Ausstellung zu Péiteng? Jo, et gi Muséeën a Gedenkplazen am Land, déi un de Krich erënneren. -
Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community
Treaty establishing the European Economic Community HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS, THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC, THE PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC, HER ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUCHESS OF LUXEMBOURG, HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS, DETERMINED to establish the foundations of an ever closer union among the European peoples, DECIDED to ensure the economic and social progress of their countries by common action in eliminating the barriers which divide Europe, DIRECTING their efforts to the essential purpose of constantly improving the living and working conditions of their peoples, RECOGNISING that the removal of existing obstacles calls for concerted action in order to guarantee a steady expansion, a balanced trade and fair competition, ANXIOUS to strengthen the unity of their economies and to ensure their harmonious development by reducing the differences existing between the various regions and by mitigating the backwardness of the less favoured, DESIROUS of contributing by means of a common commercial policy to the progressive abolition of restrictions on international trade, INTENDING to confirm the solidarity which binds Europe and overseas countries, and desiring to ensure the development of their prosperity, in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, RESOLVED to strengthen the safeguards of peace and liberty by establishing this combination of resources, and calling upon the other peoples of Europe who share their ideal to join in their efforts, HAVE DECIDED to create a European Economic Community and to this end have designated as their plenipotentiaries: HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS: Mr. -
Tracing the Treaties of the EU (March 2012)
A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon — Tracing the treaties of the EU (March 2012) Caption: This brochure, produced by the General Secretariat of the Council and published in March 2012, looks back at the history of European integration through the treaties, from the Treaty of Paris to the Treaty of Lisbon. Source: General Secretariat of the Council. A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon – Tracing the treaties of the European Union. Publications Offi ce of the European Union. Luxembourg: March 2012. 55 p. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/librairie/PDF/QC3111407ENC.pdf. Copyright: (c) European Union, 1995-2013 URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/a_union_of_law_from_paris_to_lisbon_tracing_the_treaties_of_the_eu_march_2012-en- 45502554-e5ee-4b34-9043-d52811d422ed.html Publication date: 18/12/2013 1 / 61 18/12/2013 CONSILIUM EN A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon Tracing the treaties of the European Union GENERAL SECRETARIAT COUNCIL THE OF 1951–2011: 60 YEARS A UNION OF LAW THE EUROPEAN UNION 2010011 9 December 2011 THE TREATIES OF Treaty of Accession of Croatia,ratification in progress 1 December 2009 Lisbon Treaty, 1 January 2007 THE EUROPEAN UNION Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania, Treaty establishing a Constitution29 for October Europe, 2004 signed on did not come into force Lisbon: 13 December 2007 CHRON BOJOTUJUVUJPO $PVODJMCFDPNFT Treaty of Accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, t ЅF&VSPQFBO 1 May 2004 CFUXFFOUIF&VSPQFBO Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia, t - BXNBLJOH QBSJUZ -
Histoire De La Commission Européenne 1958
KA-01-13-684-FR-C HISTOIRE ET MÉMOIRES D’UNE INSTITUTION HISTOIRE LA COMMISSION EUROPÉENNE «Seules les institutions deviennent plus sages: Les traités de Rome du 25 mars 1957 à peine signés, la Commission se mettait en place, Entreprise à la demande de la Commission elles accumulent l’expérience collective [...].» dès le 1er janvier 1958 à Bruxelles, avec un cahier des charges touchant tous les secteurs euro péenne, cette étude est à la fois un tra- Henri-Frédéric Amiel, de la vie économique des six pays fondateurs: l’Allemagne, la France, l’Italie et les trois vail d’histoire et de mémoire. Des historiens cité par Jean Monnet, Mémoires, p. 461. pays du Benelux — la Belgique, le Luxembourg et les Pays-Bas. des six pays fondateurs ont exploité un nom- bre appréciable de fonds d’archives, notamment Les quinze années couvertes par le présent ouvrage, 1958-1972, correspondent communautaires. Ils ont en outre bénéficié de à la période fondatrice de la Commission européenne, dont la mission première consistera 120 témoignages d’anciens fonctionnaires, qui «La Commission devait avoir le courage de dé- à proposer des mesures concrètes pour réaliser l’objectif principal du traité — la création sont autant d’acteurs et de témoins de ce que cider. Ce n’est qu’en ayant la volonté et la ca- d’un marché commun —, en prenant désormais comme critère d’action l’intérêt général l’un d’entre eux a nommé «une invention de pacité de prendre toutes les décisions que l’on de l’ensemble de la Communauté des six pays membres. -
Italia Y Europa. Un Recorrido a Través De Las
ITALIA Y EUROPA.Maecenas UN RECORRIDO ornare massa A TRAVÉS sit DE LAS PRESIDENCIAS ITALIANAS DEL CONSEJO DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA.amet viverra 1959 - venenatis.2014 Curabi- tur eu nibh vestibulum.LORENZA SEBESTA Italia y el ideal europeo Europa está en los genes de Italia desde sus orígenes. No por libertad e igualdad entre individuos, ahora, según los miem- casualidad, en la tradición del Risorgimento italiano hay múl- bros de La Joven Europa, era preciso fomentar otra revolu- tiples referencias a Europa, inclusive en el nombre mismo ción para conseguir la libertad y la igualdad entre naciones. de una de las organizaciones que más se comprometió en la La esperanza lejana de Mazzini, tal como en el caso de otros lucha contra el Imperio Austro-Húngaro. Era 1834 cuando, patriotas italianos –entre los que se destaca Carlo Cattaneo estando en Suiza, Giuseppe Mazzini (1805-1872), junto a (1801-1889)–, era que éstas, al cumplir con su independen- un grupo de refugiados de Italia, Polonia y Alemania, fundó cia y su carácter republicano, pudieran asociarse formando una asociación con el ambicioso nombre de La Joven Euro- una confederación, tal como había abogado Kant en su Paz pa. Así como la utopía de la Revolución Francesa de 1789, Perpetua de 1795. Sin embargo, antes de poder revolucionar transformada en ideología política, se había centrado en la el orden conservador interno e internacional acordado por 3 las grandes potencias europeas en el Congreso de Viena en sus problemas dentro de sus respectivos países. En esta 1815, Europa tendría que tomar conciencia de sus dramá- lucha perdieron la consciencia de la característica más ticas consecuencias, a través de dos guerras mundiales y el importante del Movimiento Europeo, esto es, la cons- auge de los regímenes totalitarios en sus territorios. -
Trilateral Commission Ip0092
Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Washmgton, D.C. 20540 TRILATERAL COMMISSION IP0092 In response to numerous inquiries relating to the Trilateral Commission, we have assembled the enclosed materials. This packet includes background information on the Commission, a listing of its members, articles regarding the influence of the Commission, and a bibliography of publications by and about the Commission. Many of the items in the bibliography may be available at a local public or school library. We hope this information is helpful. Congressional Reference Division All materials are reprinted with permission of the copyright claimants. We've Been Asked Who serves on the commission? Among the 76 U.S. members are 8 congressmen, 3 state and local gov- ernment officials, 17 businessmen, 13 academicians, 7 bankers and finan- ciers, 10 officials of nonprofit organi- zations and institutes, 7 lawyers, 4 trade-union officials, 3 journalists or Campaign attacks on George Bush The full commission gathers once a media executives and 1 representa- and John Anderson for membership year for several days, rotating the tive of agriculture interests. Cornrnis- on the Trilateral Commission again meetings among the three areas rep- sion members who join the executive are putting the spotlight on a contro- resented. The annual meetings are branch of government must resign, versial international organization. closed to the media and public and but they often rejoin when their offi- Conservative critics claim that the are reported in a quarterly magazine cial service ends. commission constitutes a conspiracy published by the commission. What .bout conspiracy charges? seeking to gain control of the US. -
Kommissionsmitglieder Der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (EWG)
Kommissionsmitglieder der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (EWG) Quelle: CVCE. Urheberrecht: (c) CVCE.EU by UNI.LU Sämtliche Rechte auf Nachdruck, öffentliche Verbreitung, Anpassung (Stoffrechte), Vertrieb oder Weiterverbreitung über Internet, interne Netzwerke oder sonstige Medien für alle Länder strikt vorbehalten. Bitte beachten Sie den rechtlichen Hinweis und die Nutzungsbedingungen der Website. URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/kommissionsmitglieder_der_europaischen_wirtschaftsgemei nschaft_ewg-de-124beafd-2cda-47ff-9c56-e7a6bdc21526.html Publication date: 27/07/2016 1/5 Kommissionsmitglieder der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (EWG) Vom 10.Januar 1958 bis 9. Januar 1962 Vom 10. Januar 1958 bis 9. Januar 1962 Walter HALLSTEIN Verwaltung Deutschland (Präsident) Piero MALVESTITI Verwaltung Italien (Rücktritt am 15. September 1959 wegen seiner Ernennung zum Mitglied der Hohen Behörde der EGKS am 25. Juli 1959) Binnenmarkt (Präsident) Wirtschaft und Finanzen Verkehr Guiseppe CARON Verwaltung Italien (ab dem 9. Dezember 1959, Nachfolger Malvestitis, Vizepräsident) Binnenmarkt (Präsident) Wirtschaft und Finanzen Verkehr Aussenbeziehungen Sicco MANSHOLT Verwaltung Niederlande (Vizepräsident) Wirtschaft und Finanzen Soziales Landwirtschaft (Präsident) Robert MARJOLIN Verwaltung Frankreich (Vizepräsident) Wirtschaft und Finanzen (Präsident) Aussenbeziehungen Wettbewerb Hans VON DER GROEBEN Wettbewerb (Präsident) Deutschland Wirtschaft und Finanzen (bis 1961) Landwirtschaft Entwicklung der überseeischen Länder und Hoheitsgebiete Robert LEMAIGNEN -
Bob Reinalda Being SG of NATO 1961-64 ACUNS 2014
Being Secretary General of NATO between 1961 and 1964 By Bob Reinalda Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands Co-Editor of IO BIO The Biographical Dictionary of Secretaries-General of International Organizations [email protected] & www.ru.nl/fm/iobio & [email protected] Paper for the Annual Meeting of ACUNS, The Academic Council on the United Nations System, Istanbul 19-21 June 2014 Panel 11: Global Governance and Leadership in International Organizations This text, with a short biography of Dirk Stikker, Secretary General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) between 1961 and 1964, is part of the IO BIO Project: The Biographical Dictionary of Secretaries-General of International Organizations. Before addressing Stikker as NATO Secretary General the paper discusses the IO BIO Project, including the entries available on the project’s website, the related Database, the writing of an IO BIO entry and the need for the IO BIO effort. The paper then highlights a few aspects related to an assessment of Stikker’s career as Secretary General drawn from his IO BIO entry, which is provided following this analysis and also serves to illustrate the format of an IO BIO entry. The IO BIO Project Secretaries-General, or other executive heads with different titles, of international organizations are the chief executives and representatives of international bureaucracies that vary in size and structure. The biographical literature on Secretaries-General is limited, giving an incomplete picture of the variety of people who have held these positions and the interactions between them. Thus, there is a gap in our understanding of the people in these posts, both individually and collectively, in terms of who they are and how they affect the performance of international organizations, both as organizations and in international relations.