Tracing the Treaties of the EU (March 2012)

Home , Adrian Cioroianu, Alcide De Gasperi, Antonio Martino, Antonio Segni, Ben Bot, Carlo Sforza

A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon — Tracing the treaties of the EU (March 2012)

Caption: This brochure, produced by the General Secretariat of the Council and published in March 2012, looks back at the history of European integration through the treaties, from the Treaty of Paris to the Treaty of Lisbon. Source: General Secretariat of the Council. A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon – Tracing the treaties of the European Union. Publications Offi ce of the European Union. Luxembourg: March 2012. 55 p. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/librairie/PDF/QC3111407ENC.pdf. Copyright: (c) European Union, 1995-2013 URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/a_union_of_law_from_paris_to_lisbon_tracing_the_treaties_of_the_eu_march_2012-en- 45502554-e5ee-4b34-9043-d52811d422ed.html Publication date: 18/12/2013

1 / 61 18/12/2013 CONSILIUM EN

A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon Tracing the treaties of the European Union GENERAL SECRETARIAT COUNCIL THE OF

1951–2011: 60 YEARS A UNION OF LAW THE EUROPEAN UNION 2010011

9 December 2011 THE TREATIES OF Treaty of Accession of Croatia,ratiﬁcation in progress 1 December 2009 Lisbon Treaty, 1 January 2007 THE EUROPEAN UNION Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania, Treaty establishing a Constitution29 for October Europe, 2004 signed on did not come into force Lisbon: 13 December 2007 CHRON BOJOTUJUVUJPO $PVODJMCFDPNFT Treaty of Accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, t ЅF&VSPQFBO 1 May 2004 CFUXFFOUIF&VSPQFBO Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia, t - BXNBLJOH QBSJUZ UIF$PVODJM 1 February 2003 1BSMJBNFOUBOE RON PGOBUJPOBMQBSMJBNFOUT Treaty of Nice, t *OWPMWFNFOU &6 1 May 1999 t -FHBMQFSTPOBMJUZPGUIF 3JHIUT Treaty of Amsterdam, t $IBSUFSPG'VOEBNFOUBM 1 January 1995

Treaty of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden,

he Eu he p

The European European The The European Union Union Union European European European The The The

© © © Act amending the Protocol on the Statute of the EIB: Nice: 26 February 2001 European Investment1 Fund, May 1994 OOLOGY PGUIFJOTUJUVUJPOT t 3FGPSN PG 13 December 2007 in Lisbon when the Treaty was signed GPSUIFGVUVSF6OJPO Treaty on European1 NovemberUnion (TEU), 1993 1 July 1987 Single European Act, GS Amsterdam: 2 October 1997 TFDVSJUZBOEKVTUJDF Treaty of Accession of Spain and1 January Portugal, 1986 t "SFBPGGSFFEPN

NG UIF4DIFOHFOacquis t *OUFHSBUJPOPG 1 January 1985 t )VNBOSJHIUT Treaty on Greenland, A NFOBOEXPNFO AND t &RVBMJUZ CFUXFFO 1 January 1981 EFWFMPQNFOU Treaty of Accession of Greece, t 4VTUBJOBCMF UIF$'41 t )JHI3FQSFTFOUBUJWFGPS NBOBHFNFOUDBQBDJUZ Treaty amending the Protocol on the Statute of t $SJTJT the European Investment Bank (EIB):

© The European Union European The © Modification of the unit of account; conversion1 October method, 1977 SIGNI Maastricht: 7 February 1992 ENTRY 25 April 2005 in Luxembourg during the signing ceremony for the Treaty of Accession of Romania and Bulgaria 1 June 1977 &VSPQFBO6OJPO Treaty amending certain financial provisions, t #JSUI PGUIF NPOFUBSZVOJPO t &DPOPNJDBOE FVSP .PWFUPXBSET UIF Treaty of Accession of Denmark, Ireland and t TFDVSJUZQPMJDZ $'41 the United Kingdom, t $PNNPOGPSFJHOBOE 1 January 1973 BĊBJST +)" t +VTUJDFBOEIPNF

Treaty amending certain budgetary‘Own provisions: resources’, AND AND 1 January 1971 Single Act: 17 and 28 February 1986 INTO NBKPSJUZWPUJOH UIF$PVODJM t 2VBMJmFE DPPQFSBUJPOCFUXFFO Treaty merging the executive bodies,1 July 1967 t # FHJOOJOHPGMFHJTMBUJWF 1BSMJBNFOU BOEUIF&VSPQFBO BMBSHFJOUFSOBMNBSLFU t 5PXBSET Convention on the Netherlands1 October Antilles, 1964 QPMJDZDPPQFSBUJPO t 'PSFJHO Union European The © &VSPQFBO$PVODJM t 'JSTUNFOUJPOPGUIF itutions common to the

Convention on certain inst TA TAGES FORC 25 March 1957 in Rome during the signing ceremony for the EEC and Euratom Treaties European Communities: Assembly, Court of Justice, Economic and Social 1Committee, January 1958 Rome: 25 March 1957 USFBUJFT‘… an ever closer union among the t 5XPGPVOEJOH &&$QSFBNCMF Treaty establishing the European Atomic peoples of Europe’ Energy Community (EAEC), © The European Union, 2011 — ISBN 978-92-824·3463-5 — doi:10.2860/14747 — PGB 1 January 1958 (SBEVBMFTUBCMJTINFOU &&$ DPNNPONBSLFU HFOFSBM $PNNVOJUZ

&OFSHZ Treaty establishing the European E KEY S KEY "UPNJD &VSPQFBO Economic Community (EEC), &"&$PS&VSBUPN 1 January 1958

Treaty establishing the European 27Defence May 1952 Paris: 18 April 1951 Community, signed on did not come into force GPVOEJOHUSFBUZ t 'JSTU QSPEVDUT

TUSBUFHJD européenne Union GPSUIF $PNNPONBSLFU © TUFFM Treaty establishing the European Coal and PGUIFUJNFDPBMBOE Steel Community23 (ECSC), July 1952

18 April 1951: the Treaty of Paris establishes the ECSC: Paul van Zeeland, Belgian Foreign expired on 23 July 2002 Affairs Minister; Joseph Bech, Luxembourg Foreign Affairs Minister; Joseph Meurice, Belgian Foreign Trade Minister; Carlo Sforza, Italian Foreign Affairs Minister; Robert Schuman, French Foreign Affairs Minister; Konrad Adenauer, German Federal Chancellor tiees arear and Federal Foreign Affairs Minister; Dirk Stikker, Netherlands Federal Foreign Affairs 1 The trea Minister; Johannes van den Brink, Minister for Economic Affairs of the Netherlands s, 9595 QC-32-11-757-EN-P nion. f the MmMembeembeberStar States 19 foundation off theUni repreepresentatenta ivesive o arliamentt. the tiateded andand signsgg ed byy the ovedd by the Europuropean P se Theyey are:r nego and appr rical parliaments histo ﬁedd by the natiotional p euroroparopopapaa.e.eu.euu rati wwwwww.wwww.ww.consconcoonsnsiliuiuum.eumm.em.me ARCHIVE SERIES ARCHIVE

MARCH 2012

2 / 61 18/12/2013

EN.indd 1 28/06/12 15:24 Notice

Th is brochure is produced by the General Secretariat of the Council; it is for information purposes only.

For any information on the European Council and the Council, you can consult the following websites: http://www.european-council.europa.eu http://www.consilium.europa.eu

or contact the Public Information Department of the General Secretariat of the Council at the following address:

Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 175 1048 Bruxelles/Brussel BELGIQUE/BELGIË

Tel. +32 22815650 Fax +32 22814977 http://www.consilium.europa.eu/infopublic

More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu).

Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.

Luxembourg: Publications Offi ce of the European Union, 2012

ISBN 978-92-824-3507-6 doi:10.2860/78263

Printed in Belgium

Printed on elemental chlorine-free bleached paper (ECF)

3 / 61 18/12/2013

EN.indd 2 28/06/12 15:25 A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon Tracing the treaties of the European Union

4 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 1 29/06/12 08:43 5 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 2 29/06/12 08:43 Contents

Foreword ...... 4

Introduction ...... 5

Th e 1950s and 1960s: from the founding treaties to the merger of the executives...... 6

Th e 1970s: fi nancial and institutional treaties; the fi rst accession treaty ...... 10

Th e 1980s: Single European Act and accession treaties ...... 12

Th e 1990s: Treaty on European Union and accession treaties...... 14

Twenty-fi rst century treaties ...... 17

From Paris to Lisbon: timeline of the treaties ...... 21

6 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 3 29/06/12 08:43 Foreword

Th is brochure traces the history of the European Union through the treaties. It was published to accompany the poster produced for the ‘Historical series’ collection, ‘Th e treaties of the European Union’, which you can fi nd in the Council archives.

Th e booklet is aimed at academics and researchers but is also for anyone who is interested in the history of European integration.

Th e annex contains a chronological table of the treaties.

You can access the full text of the treaties at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu

If you like, you can e-mail comments or suggestions to us at: [email protected]

7 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 4 29/06/12 08:43 Introduction

Th e treaties are the foundation of the European Union (EU). Th ey are negotiated by the representatives of the governments of the Member States and adopted by common accord. Th ey are signed by all Member States and ratifi ed in accordance with their own constitutional requirements. Th ey enter into force only when this process has been concluded and provided each step has been completed.

If we look back over the history of the treaties, we can:

see how the Union has evolved into an economic and political community which is active in a growing number of increasingly complex areas;

see how Member States have responded, every step of the way, to new internal and international challenges; and

trace the development of a Union of peoples and states for whom the rule of law is both a core value and a basic aspiration.

8 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 5 29/06/12 08:43 The 1950s and 1960s: from the founding treaties to the merger of the executives

Following Robert Schuman’s declaration on 9 May 1950 in which he called on France and Germany to pool the production of coal and steel, the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was signed on 18 April 1951 in Paris. Aft er ratifi cation by Belgium, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands (‘the Inner Six’), the treaty entered into force on 23 July 1952 and would remain in force for 50 years. It expired on 22 July 2002.

Th e immediate objective of this fi rst treaty was to establish a common market for coal and steel, which were strategic raw materials at the time. It also aimed to lay the foundations of an economic community which would gradually become a political union. Th is treaty, which established a High Authority, a Common Assembly, a Special Council of Ministers and a Court of Justice, was the basis for the institutions of the European Union as we now know them.

Shortly aft er the establishment of the ECSC, France presented a proposal for supranational military integration. And so, on 27 May 1952, the six ECSC members met in Paris and signed the Treaty establishing the European Defence Community (EDC). Th is treaty provided for the establishment of a European army. However, the French National Assembly refused to ratify it and, on 30 August 1954, it adjourned discussions indefi nitely. Th e EDC Treaty did not therefore enter into force. Its rejection meant that the related draft Treaty on the Statute of the European Community was also aborted. Th e draft treaty had been worked out by the ad hoc assembly of the ECSC which, on 10 March 1953, presented it to the governments of the Inner Six.

9 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 6 29/06/12 08:43 Aft er the failure of the European Defence Community, the economy became the focus of the European project. Following a conference held in Messina on 1 and 2 June 1955, a committee chaired by the Belgian Minister for Foreign Aff airs, Paul-Henri Spaak, was tasked with modelling a European common market. Th e committee produced two draft texts which were to become known as the Treaties of Rome, aft er the city in which the Inner Six signed them on 25 March 1957. Th ey entered into force on 1 January 1958. © European Union

Signing of the EEC and Euratom Treaties (Hall of the Horatii and Curiatii at the Capitol in Rome, 25 March 1957)

Th e fi rst treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC). Th e EEC Treaty extended the principles established in the ECSC Treaty to new areas. It provided for the establishment of a common market founded on the free movement of persons, services, goods and capital, a customs union and the introduction of common policies, such as the agricultural policy and the trade policy. By setting and achieving economic goals, the treaty sought to contribute towards the construction of a political Europe. In the preamble to the

10 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 7 29/06/12 08:43 EEC Treaty, the signatories declared that they were ‘determined to lay the foundations of an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe’.

Th e second treaty established the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom). Th e objective of the EAEC Treaty was to coordinate and pool Member States’ research pro- grammes on the civilian use of nuclear energy.

Italian poster celebrating the signing of the Treaties of Rome on 25 March 1957

11 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 8 29/06/12 08:43 Th at same day, 25 March 1957, saw the signing of the Convention on certain institutions common to the European Communities. Th is convention established a Common Assembly, a Court of Justice and an Economic and Social Committee for the EEC, EAEC and ECSC.

Th e EEC Treaty arrangements for the association of overseas countries and territories (1) were rendered applicable to the Netherlands Antilles regarding petroleum products by the Protocol on the Netherlands Antilles, which was signed on 13 November 1962 in Brussels, and which entered into force on 1 October 1964.

On 1 July 1967, aft er the episode known as the ‘empty chair crisis’, during which France boycotted the meetings of the Council and of Council bodies, the fi rst major institutional reform took place. Th e Treaty establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities, better known as the Merger Treaty, entered into force, hav- ing been signed by the Inner Six in Brussels on 8 April 1965. Th e three Communities would now have a single Council, a single Commission and a single budget. Article 4 of this treaty formalised the role of the Permanent Representatives Committee (Coreper) by providing that a committee consisting of the permanent representatives of the Member States would be responsible for preparing the work of the Council and for carrying out the tasks assigned to it by the Council.

(1) Annex IV to the EEC Treaty: Overseas countries and territories to which the provisions of Part Four of the Treaty apply.

12 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 9 29/06/12 08:43 The 1970s: fi nancial and institutional treaties; the fi rst accession treaty

Institutional reforms continued during the 1970s and fi nancial reforms were born.

Following a Council Decision on 21 April 1970 replacing the system whereby the Commu- nities were funded by contributions from Member States with that of own resources, two treaties were signed.

On 22 April 1970, the Treaty of Luxembourg, amending certain budgetary provisions. It entered into force on 1 January 1971. It granted the European Parliament certain budgetary powers and established two main kinds of own resources: agricultural levies and customs duties (2).

On 22 July 1975, the Brussels Treaty, amending certain fi nancial provisions. It entered into force on 1 June 1977. It gave the European Parliament the power to reject the budget as a whole and to grant the Commission a discharge for its implementation. It created the Court of Auditors.

These two treaties amending the Treaty of Rome marked the beginning of budgetary power-sharing between the Council and the European Parliament.

Th e Treaty of 10 July 1975 amending certain provisions of the Protocol on the Statute of the European Investment Bank was also signed in Brussels and entered into force on 1 October 1977. In the context of an international economic crisis, this treaty authorised the Board of Governors of the European Investment Bank (EIB) to alter the defi nition of the unit of account and change the method of converting units of account into national currencies.

(2) Council Decision 70/243/ECSC, EEC, Euratom on the replacement of fi nancial contributions from Member States by the Communities’ own resources (21 April 1970).

13 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 10 29/06/12 08:43 In the course of the same period, the Treaty concerning the accession of the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the EEC and the EAEC was signed on 22 January 1972 and entered into force on 1 January 1973. A Council Decision of 22 January 1972 also provided for accession to the ECSC. Meanwhile, following a negative referendum result on 25 September 1972, Norway withdrew from the accession process (3). © European Union

Edward Heath signing the UK Accession Treaty (Palais d’Egmont, Brussels, 22 January 1972)

(3) Council Decision of the European Communities of 1 January 1973 adjusting the documents concerning the accession of the new Member States to the European Communities.

14 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 11 29/06/12 08:44 The 1980s: Single European Act and accession treaties

From 1979, changes swept through the political regimes of southern Europe. In order to stabilise restored democracy in Greece and to bolster the Greek economy, the Treaty on the Accession of Greece to the European Communities was signed in Athens on 28 May 1979. It entered into force on 1 January 1981. Likewise, the Treaty on the Accession of Spain and Portugal was signed in Madrid and Lisbon on 12 June 1985 and came into force on 1 Janu- ary 1986. Th e Europe of the Six, then of the Nine and of the Ten, henceforth became known as the Europe of the Twelve. © European Union

Copy of the Single European Act held in the Council’s archives

15 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 12 29/06/12 08:44 Following the referendum held by the government of Greenland on 23 February 1982, the Greenland Treaty was signed on 13 March 1984, which allowed Greenland to withdraw from the Community treaties and gave it the status of an overseas territory.

On 17 February in Luxembourg and on 28 February 1986 in Th e Hague, the Twelve signed the Single European Act to give fresh political and economic impetus to the European integration process. Th e act came into force on 1 July 1987. Th e then President of the Commission, Jacques Delors, summed up the objectives of the Single European Act as follows, in a speech before the European Parliament in February 1987: ‘To put it in a nutshell, the Single Act means the obligation to proceed simultaneously with creating the frontierless single market, greater economic and social cohesion and a European research and technology policy, with strengthening the European Monetary System, making a start on creating a European social area and carrying out signifi cant environmental action.’

Th e Single European Act provided for an internal market to be put in place and for the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital to be established by 1 January 1993. Com- munity powers were extended (on the environment, research and technological development) and the areas in which the Council could vote by qualifi ed majority also increased. Th e European Parliament saw its law-making powers strengthened with the creation of the assent and cooperation procedures. Th is signalled the start of a progressive increase, with each new treaty, in the powers of the European Parliament as co-legislator with the Council in tandem with an increase in the number of areas where the Council could decide by qualifi ed majority rather than unanimously.

Th e Single European Act referred for the fi rst time to the European Council. It included provisions on European political cooperation (EPC) — cooperation on foreign policy — which were kept separate from the provisions relating to Community matters.

16 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 13 29/06/12 08:44 The 1990s: Treaty on European Union and accession treaties

Following two intergovernmental conferences (IGCs) launched in Rome on 15 Decem- ber 1990, the Treaty on European Union was signed on 7 February 1992 in Maastricht. It entered into force on 1 November 1993.

Th e treaty created a European Union based on a structure of three pillars: the three European Communities (EC), the common foreign and security policy (CFSP) and cooperation in the fi elds of justice and home aff airs (JHA).

Economic and monetary union (EMU) was launched under the fi rst pillar. Th is culminated in the issuing of a single currency, the euro, on 1 January 2002. Community powers were extended in the areas of the environment, research, industry and cohesion policy. Regarding law-making, the creation of the co-decision procedure gave the European Parliament the power to adopt legal acts jointly with the Council. Th e assent and cooperation procedures were extended to new areas, as was qualifi ed majority voting in the Council. Th e Court of Auditors, established in 1975, became the fi ft h European institution, and the Committee of the Regions was set up.

Under the second pillar, the CFSP brought together and developed the mechanisms and achievements of EPC, sketching the outlines of a common security and defence policy.

Under the third pillar (JHA), the treaty contains provisions relating to controls at the external borders, combating terrorism, the creation of Europol, the establishment of a common asylum policy, combating illegal immigration and judicial cooperation in criminal and civil cases.

In order to stimulate economic growth, the European Investment Fund was set up by an act signed on 25 March 1993. It entered into force on 1 May 1994.

17 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 14 29/06/12 08:44 Th e Treaty on the Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden was signed on 24 June 1994 in Corfu and entered into force on 1 January 1995. As had happened in 1972, Norway, which had also signed the treaty, withdrew from the accession process following the referendum of 28 November 1994. © European Union

Family photo, Corfu European Council (24 June 1994)

On 29 March 1996, a new IGC was launched in Turin to make preparations for a revision of the treaties as provided for in Article N of the Treaty on European Union. Upon its com- pletion, the Treaty of Amsterdam was signed on 2 October 1997 and entered into force on 1 May 1999. It was intended to meet the need to adapt the institutions and the decision-making process. It also signalled the Member States’ desire to bring the Union closer to citizens and, to that end, provided for measures on transparency.

18 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 15 29/06/12 08:44 Emphasis was also placed on sustainable development and gender equality, while the principles of respect for human rights, democracy and the rule of law were enshrined as precon- ditions for accession to the EU.

Th e powers of the European Parliament were increased once more with the extension of the co-decision procedure to new areas and the possibility of approving or rejecting the nomina- tion of the President-designate of the Commission. Also, the CFSP was strengthened by the creation of a High Representative (4) and the establishment of closer links with the Western European Union (WEU).

Th e Schengen acquis (comprising the Schengen Agreement signed on 14 June 1985, the Schengen Convention adopted on 19 June 1990 and several sets of implementing measures) was incorporated into the EU framework by means of a protocol annexed to the Treaty of Amsterdam. Th is acquis consists of two major components: harmonisation of external border controls and enhanced police and judicial cooperation. It provided for the creation of an area of freedom, security and justice. Provisions on visas, asylum, immigration and judicial cooperation on civil matters were transferred from the third pillar to the fi rst and thus governed by the Community method.

Th e treaty also defi ned the conditions under which Member States that intend to cooperate more closely with one another might be authorised to do so.

(4) Position held by the Secretary-General of the Council.

19 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 16 29/06/12 08:44 Twenty-fi rst century treaties

A declaration annexed to the Treaty of Amsterdam stated that ‘reinforcing the institutions … is an indispensable condition for the conclusion of the fi rst accession negotiations’. A new IGC was therefore held to revise the treaties when accession negotiations with the candidate countries of eastern and southern Europe were launched in 1998. As a result, the Treaty of Nice was signed on 26 February 2001 and entered into force on 1 February 2003. It altered the EU’s institutional arrangements with a view to enlargement to 25 members. Th e Treaty on the Accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia was signed on 16 April 2003 in Athens. It entered into force on 1 May 2004. © European Union

Family photo on the occasion of the signing of the Treaty of Nice (Nice, 26 February 2001)

A ‘Declaration on the future of the Union’, annexed to the Treaty of Nice, provided for an IGC to be held in 2004. Arrangements were made for a Convention on the Future of the European Union during the Laeken European Council in December 2001 in order to draw

20 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 17 29/06/12 08:44 up a document that would ‘provide a starting point for discussions in the Intergovernmental Conference, which will take the ultimate decisions’. Th e convention, chaired by Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, drew up and proposed a draft Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe. Th e treaty, negotiated by a new IGC in 2003 and 2004, was signed on 29 October 2004 in Rome. It was intended to repeal the preceding treaties — with the exception of the Euratom Treaty — and to replace them with a single, constitutional text. However, following negative referendum results on 29 May 2005 in France and on 1 June 2005 in the Netherlands, the ratifi cation process was suspended.

In the interim, on 25 April 2005, the Treaty on the Accession of Bulgaria and Romania was signed in Luxembourg. It entered into force on 1 January 2007.

As it was not possible for the Constitutional Treaty to enter into force, fresh negotiations were launched in 2007 leading to the signing on 13 December 2007, and the entry into force on 1 December 2009, of the Treaty of Lisbon. © European Union

Family photo on the occasion of the signing of the Treaty on the Accession of Bulgaria and Romania (Luxembourg, 25 April 2005)

21 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 18 29/06/12 08:44 Th e Treaty of Lisbon was intended to improve institutional effi ciency and to strengthen the democratic nature of the Union. Th e Union was henceforth founded on two treaties: the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), which replaced the Treaty establishing the European Community. Th e Euratom Treaty, which was also amended by the Treaty of Lisbon, continued to exist for an indefi nite period (5).

Th e Treaty of Lisbon conferred legal personality on the EU and created two new institutions: the European Central Bank (ECB) and the European Council, with a President elected for two and a half years. Th e system of pillars set up by the Treaty of Maastricht was removed.

The rules on voting in the Council were amended with the introduction of the dual- majority system (of Member States and of population). Th e role of the European Parliament as co-legislator with the Council was strengthened as the co-decision procedure became the ordinary legislative procedure. Th e treaty comprised a set of measures aimed at strengthening the democratic nature of the Union. In addition to strengthening the powers of the European Parliament, there were also provisions on involving national parliaments in the decision-making process and on citizen participation (for example through the citizens’ initiative (6)). Th e Treaty of Lisbon gave the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union the same legal value as the treaties.

For the fi rst time, provision was made for the possibility of a Member State leaving the Union: ‘Any Member State may decide to withdraw from the Union in accordance with its own constitutional requirements.’ (7)

Th e Treaty on the Accession of Croatia was signed on 9 December 2011 in Brussels. It is due to enter into force on 1 July 2013 (8).

Several amendments to the Treaty of Lisbon are currently being discussed.

To be continued ...

(5) Th e ECSC Treaty expired on 23 July 2002. (6) Article 11(4) TEU. (7) Article 50(1) TEU. (8) Provided that all the instruments of ratifi cation have been deposited before that date. 19

22 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 19 29/06/12 08:44 1951–2011: 60 YEARS THE EUROPEAN UNION A UNION OF LAW 2011 THE TREATIES OF

Treaty of Accession of Croatia, 9 December 2011 THE EUROPEAN UNION ratiﬁcation in progress Lisbon Treaty, 1 December 2009 Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania, 1 January 2007 Lisbon: 13 December 2007 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, t ЅF&VSPQFBO$PVODJMCFDPNFTBOJOTUJUVUJPO signed on 29 October 2004 t -BXNBLJOHQBSJUZCFUXFFOUIF&VSPQFBO did not come into force 1BSMJBNFOUBOEUIF$PVODJM t *OWPMWFNFOUPGOBUJPOBMQBSMJBNFOUT Treaty of Accession of the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, CH t -FHBMQFSTPOBMJUZPGUIF&6 Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia, t $IBSUFSPG'VOEBNFOUBM3JHIUT 1 May 2004 Treaty of Nice, 1 February 2003 R

n Treaty of Amsterdam, 1 May 1999

Nice: 26 February 2001 Union O t 3FGPSNPGUIFJOTUJUVUJPOT Treaty of Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden, 1 January 1995 The European The © The European European Union

GPSUIFGVUVSF6OJPOPG Act amending the Protocol on the Statute of the EIB: N

S 13 December 2007 in Lisbon when the Treaty was signed European Investment Fund,

1 May 1994 O G Amsterdam: 2 October 1997 Treaty on European Union (TEU), LOGY

N t "SFBPGGSFFEPN TFDVSJUZBOEKVTUJDF 1 November 1993 t *OUFHSBUJPOPGUIF4DIFOHFOacquis I t )VNBOSJHIUT Single European Act, 1 July 1987 t &RVBMJUZCFUXFFONFOBOEXPNFO Treaty of Accession of Spain and Portugal, N t 4VTUBJOBCMFEFWFMPQNFOU 1 January 1986 t )JHI3FQSFTFOUBUJWFGPSUIF$'41

G t $SJTJTNBOBHFNFOUDBQBDJUZ Treaty on Greenland, 1 January 1985

Treaty of Accession of Greece, 1 January 1981 A S

Maastricht: 7 February 1992 Treaty amending the Protocol on the Statute of ENTR ND the European Investment Bank (EIB): t #JSUIPGUIF&VSPQFBO6OJPO © The European Union 25 April 2005 in Luxembourg during the signing ceremony for the Treaty Modification of the unit of account; conversion method, t &DPOPNJDBOENPOFUBSZVOJPO of Accession of Romania and Bulgaria 1 October 1977 t .PWFUPXBSETUIFFVSP t $PNNPOGPSFJHOBOETFDVSJUZQPMJDZ $'41 Treaty amending certain financial provisions, t +VTUJDFBOEIPNFBĊBJST +)" 1 June 1977

AND AND Treaty of Accession of Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom,

S Single Act: 17 and 28 February 1986 1 January 1973

E t 2VBMJmFENBKPSJUZWPUJOH Treaty amending certain budgetary provisions: t #FHJOOJOHPGMFHJTMBUJWFDPPQFSBUJPOCFUXFFOUIF$PVODJM ‘Own resources’, BOEUIF&VSPQFBO1BSMJBNFOU Y G 1 January 1971 t 5PXBSETBMBSHFJOUFSOBMNBSLFU INTO FO A A t 'PSFJHOQPMJDZDPPQFSBUJPO Treaty merging the executive bodies, t 'JSTUNFOUJPOPGUIF&VSPQFBO$PVODJM 1 July 1967 T T Convention on the Netherlands Antilles, S © The European Union 1 October 1964 Rome: 25 March 1957 25 March 1957 in Rome during the signing ceremony for the EEC and Euratom Treaties Convention on certain institutions common to the Y t 5XPGPVOEJOHUSFBUJFT‘… an ever closer union among the European Communities: Assembly, Court of Justice, peoples of Europe’ &&$QSFBNCMF Economic and Social Committee, E (SBEVBMFTUBCMJTINFOUPGB 1 January 1958 HFOFSBMDPNNPONBSLFU &&$ K &VSPQFBO"UPNJD&OFSHZ$PNNVOJUZ Treaty establishing the European Atomic &"&$PS&VSBUPN Energy Community (EAEC), R

1 January 1958 © The European Union, 2011 — ISBN 978-92-824·3463-5 — doi:10.2860/14747 — QC-32-11-757-EN-P Treaty establishing the European C Paris: 18 April 1951

Economic Community (EEC), E t'JSTUGPVOEJOHUSFBUZ 1 January 1958 $PNNPONBSLFUGPSUIFTUSBUFHJDQSPEVDUT Treaty establishing the European Defence PGUIFUJNFDPBMBOETUFFM Community, signed on 27 May 1952 did not come into force © Union européenne 18 April 1951: the Treaty of Paris establishes the ECSC: Paul van Zeeland, Belgian Foreign Treaty establishing the European Coal and Affairs Minister; Joseph Bech, Luxembourg Foreign Affairs Minister; Joseph Meurice, Steel Community (ECSC), Belgian Foreign Trade Minister; Carlo Sforza, Italian Foreign Affairs Minister; Robert 23 July 1952 The treaties are Schuman, French Foreign Affairs Minister; Konrad Adenauer, German Federal Chancellor and Federal Foreign Affairs Minister; Dirk Stikker, Netherlands Federal Foreign Affairs expired on 23 July 2002 the foundation of the Union. Minister; Johannes van den Brink, Minister for Economic Affairs of the Netherlands Theyy are: negotiated andd signed byy the reppresentatives of the Member Statess, ratiﬁed by the national pparliaments and approvedd by the European Parliament

www.consilium.e.europa.eu historical series

Poster:Posts er: ‘ThTh e EuropeanEuropean Union,Unionn, 11951–2011:9511–2011: 60 yearsyears ofof thethe rulerule ofof law’,llaw’, 200 publishedpublished in 2011, 60 years aft er thethe fi rstrst treatytreaty (ECSC)(ECSC) was signedsigned

23 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 20 29/06/12 08:44 From Paris to Lisbon: timeline of the treaties

Preliminary remarks:

Th e original versions of the treaties and the respective national instruments of ratifi cation were deposited in the archives of the Government of the Italian Republic (Ministry of Foreign Aff airs, Diplomatic Aff airs Offi ce) unless otherwise indicated under ‘Further information’.

In addition to the above, ‘Further information’ indicates whether the document in ques- tion constitutes a founding treaty, the addition of an annex to a treaty, the expiry of a treaty, an unsigned draft treaty, the non-ratifi cation of a treaty or exemptions provided for by the treaties.

New authentic languages arising from the successive enlargements are shown in bold when they fi rst appear as authentic languages.

Th e dates of ratifi cation by each Member State correspond to the dates on which the instruments of ratifi cation or accession were deposited.

Th e signatories listed are the plenipotentiaries of their respective states.

Further information can be obtained from the database of the Council of the European Union’s Agreements Offi ce at the following address: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ accords-recherche

Th is timeline ends with the Treaty of Lisbon. Subsequent treaties under discussion or in the process of ratifi cation (9) are not included. Th ey will be included in a future edition.

A list of the ISO codes for all offi cial languages of the European Union is provided at the end of the brochure.

(9) For example the Treaty on the Accession of Croatia, signed on 9 December 2011 in Brussels.

24 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 21 29/06/12 08:45 1 Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community ‘Paris Treaty’

Date and place of signature 18 April 1951, Clock Room, Quai d’Orsay, Paris, France

Signatories Konrad ADENAUER, Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs (DE) Paul VAN ZEELAND, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Joseph Meurice, Minister for Foreign Trade (BE) Robert SCHUMAN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FR) Carlo SFORZA, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Joseph BECH, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LU) Dirk STIKKER, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jan VAN DEN BRINK, Minister for Economic Affairs (NL)

Entry into force 23 July 1952

Authentic languages FR

Further information — Founding treaty — Expired on 23 July 2002 — The original versions of the treaty and the national instruments of ratification, as well as the successive instruments of accession, were deposited in the archives of the Government of the French Republic.

25 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 22 29/06/12 08:45 2 Treaty establishing the European Defence Community ‘EDC Treaty’

Date and place of signature 27 May 1952, Clock Room, Quai d’Orsay, Paris, France

Signatories Konrad ADENAUER, Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs (DE) Paul VAN ZEELAND, Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Robert SCHUMAN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FR) Alcide DE GASPERI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Joseph BECH, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LU) Dirk STIKKER, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL)

Entry into force Did not enter into force

Authentic languages DE, FR, IT, NL

Further information The original versions of the treaty and the national instruments of ratification, as well as the successive instruments of accession, were deposited in the archives of the Government of the French Republic. The draft EDC Treaty was linked to the draft treaty on the statute of a European Political Community (EPC), adopted by the ECSC ad hoc assembly on 10 March 1953 (submitted to the Foreign Affairs Ministers of the ECSC on 9 March 1953). The draft EPC Treaty was rendered void by the rejection of the EDC.

26 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 23 29/06/12 08:45 3 — 4 — 5 Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, ‘EEC Treaty’ (10) Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community ‘EAEC Treaty’ or ‘Euratom Treaty’ (11) Convention on certain institutions common to the European Communities

Date and place of signature 25 March 1957, Hall of the Horatii and Curiatii, Capitol, Rome, Italy

Signatories Paul-Henri SPAAK, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jean-Charles SNOY ET D’OPPUERS, Secretary-General of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Head of the Belgian delegation to the Intergovernmental Conference (BE) Konrad ADENAUER, Federal Chancellor; Walter HALLSTEIN, State Secretary of the Federal Foreign Office (DE) Christian PINEAU, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Maurice FAURÉ, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (FR) Antonio SEGNI, President of the Council of Ministers; Gaetano MARTINO, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Joseph BECH, Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Lambert SCHAUS, Ambassador, Head of the Luxembourg delegation to the Intergovernmental Conference (LU) Joseph LUNS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Hans LINTHORST HOMAN, Head of the Netherlands delegation to the Intergovernmental Conference (NL)

Entry into force 1 January 1958

Authentic languages DE, FR, IT, NL

Further information EEC and Euratom: founding treaties

(10) Unlike the other protocols annexed to the EEC Treaty from the outset, the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Economic Community was signed in Brussels on 17 April 1957. In addition to the amendments made to it by subsequent treaties, the protocol was amended by the Council Decision of 24 October 1988 establishing a Court of First Instance of the European Communities (OJ L 319, 25.11.1988). (11) Th e Protocol on the statute of the Court of Justice of the European Atomic Energy Community, annexed to the Euratom Treaty, was signed in Brussels on 17 April 1957. 24

27 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 24 29/06/12 08:45 6 Convention of 13 November 1962 amending the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community with a view to rendering applicable to the Netherlands Antilles the special conditions of association laid down in Part Four of that Treaty ‘Netherlands Antilles Convention’

Date and place of signature 13 November 1962, Brussels, Belgium

Signatories Henry FAYAT, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Rolf LAHR, Secretary of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DE) Jean-Marc BOEGNER, Ambassador, Head of the French Delegation to the Conference (FR) Carlo RUSSO, Under-Secretary of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (IT) Eugène SCHAUS, Vice-President of the Government and Minister for Foreign Affairs (LU) Hans VAN HOUTEN, Secretary of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (NL) Wim LAMPE, Minister Plenipotentiary for the Netherlands Antilles

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 October 1964 OJ 150, 1.10.1964

Authentic languages DE, FR, IT, NL

Further information Under the convention, a protocol on imports of petroleum products refined in the Netherlands Antilles was annexed to the EEC Treaty.

28 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 25 29/06/12 08:45 7 Treaty establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities ‘Merger Treaty’ (12)

Date and place of signature 8 April 1965, Brussels, Belgium

Signatories Paul-Henri SPAAK, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Kurt SCHMUECKER, Minister for Economic Affairs (DE) Maurice COUVE DE MURVILLE, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FR) Amintore FANFANI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Pierre WERNER, President of the Government, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LU) Joseph LUNS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 July 1967 OJ 152, 13.7.1967

Authentic languages DE, FR, IT, NL

(12) Th e Decision of the representatives of the Governments of the Member States on the provisional location of certain institutions and departments of the Communities (OJ 152, 13.7.1967) was signed and entered into force on the same days as the Merger Treaty.

29 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 26 29/06/12 08:45 8 Treaty amending certain budgetary provisions of the Treaties establishing the European Communities and of the Treaty establishing a single Council and a single Commission of the European Communities ‘Treaty amending certain budgetary provisions’

Date and place of signature 22 April 1970, Alcide de Gasperi Building, European Parliament, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Signatories Pierre HARMEL, Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Walter SCHEEL, Minister for Foreign Affairs (DE) Maurice SCHUMANN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FR) Aldo MORO, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Gaston THORN, Minister for Foreign Affairs and for External Trade (LU) Hans DE KOSTER, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (NL)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 January 1971 OJ L 2, 2.1.1971

Authentic languages DE, FR, IT, NL

30 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 27 29/06/12 08:45 9 Treaty concerning the accession of the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the European Economic Community and to the European Atomic Energy Community ‘Treaty on the Accession of Denmark, Ireland and the UK to the EEC and Euratom’ (13)

Date and place of signature 22 January 1972, Egmont Palace, Brussels, Belgium (14)

Signatories Gaston EYSKENS, Prime Minister; Pierre HARMEL, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jan VAN DER MEULEN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (BE) Jens Otto KRAG, Prime Minister; Ivar NØRGAARD, Minister for External Economic Affairs; Jens CHRISTENSEN, Secretary General for External Economic Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DK) Walter SCHEEL, Minister for Foreign Affairs; H.-G. SACHS, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (DE) Maurice SCHUMANN, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jean-Marc BOEGNER, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (FR) Jack LYNCH, Taoiseach (Prime Minister); Patrick HILLERY, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Emilio COLOMBO, Prime Minister; Aldo MORO, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Giorgio BOMBASSEI FRASCANI DE VETTOR, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (IT) Gaston THORN, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jean DONDELINGER, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (LU)

(13) Regarding accession to the ECSC, see the Decision of the Council of the European Communities of 22 January 1972 concerning the accession of the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland, the Kingdom of Nor- way, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the European Coal and Steel Community, OJ L 73, 27.3.1972 (Documents concerning the accession to the European Communities of the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland). (14) Due to the non-ratifi cation of the Accession Treaty by Norway, the Accession Treaty and other documents relating to accession were subject to the Council Decision of the European Communities of 1 Janu- ary 1973 adjusting the instruments concerning the accession of new Member States to the European Communities, OJ L 2, 1.1.1973. 28

31 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 28 29/06/12 08:45 Norbert SCHMELZER, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Tjerk WESTERTERP, State Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Maan SASSEN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (NL) Trygve BRATTELI, Prime Minister; Andreas CAPPELEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Søren C. SOMMERFELT, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary (Norway) Edward HEATH, MBE, MP, Prime Minister, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service; Alec DOUGLAS-HOME, KT, MP, Her Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs; Geoffrey RIPPON, QC, MP, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 January 1973 OJ L 73, 27.3.1972 (Documents concerning the accession to the European Communities of the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

Authentic languages DA, DE, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL

Further information Negative referendum result in Norway on 25 September 1972

32 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 29 29/06/12 08:45 10 Treaty amending certain provisions of the Protocol on the Statute of the European Investment Bank (15): empowering the Board of Governors to alter the definition of the unit of account and the method of converting sums into national currencies

Date and place of signature 10 July 1975, Brussels, Belgium

Signatories Willy DE CLERCQ, Minister of Finance (BE) Per HÆKKERUP, Minister for Economic Affairs (DK) Hans APEL, Federal Minister for Finance (DE) Jean-Pierre FOURCADE, Minister for Economic Affairs (FR) Charles MURRAY, Secretary, Department of Finance of Ireland (IE) Emilio COLOMBO, Minister for the Treasury (IT) Jean DONDELINGER, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (LU) Laurens J. BRINKHORST, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs (NL) Michael PALLISER, KCMG, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 October 1977 OJ L 91, 6.4.1978

Authentic languages DA, DE, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL

(15) Th e Protocol on the Statute of the European Investment Bank was annexed to the EEC Treaty.

33 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 30 29/06/12 08:46 11 Treaty amending certain financial provisions of the Treaties establishing the European Economic Communities and of the Treaty establishing a single Council and a single Commission of the European Communities (16) ‘Treaty amending certain financial provisions’

Date and place of signature 22 July 1975, Brussels, Belgium

Signatories Renaat VAN ELSLANDE, Minister for Foreign Affairs and for Cooperation with the Developing Countries (BE) Niels ERSBØLL, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (DK) Hans-Dietrich GENSCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs (DE) Jean-Marie SOUTOU, Ambassador of France, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (FR) Garret FITZGERALD, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Mariano RUMOR, Minister for Foreign Affairs, President-in-Office of the Council of the European Communities (IT) Jean DONDELINGER, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (LU) Laurens J. BRINKHORST, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs (NL) Michael PALLISER, KCMG, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 June 1977 OJ L 359, 31.12.1977

Authentic languages DA, DE, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL

(16) Th e Decision of the Representatives of the Governments of the Member States of 5 April 1977 on the provisional location of the Court of Auditors (OJ L 104, 28.4.1977) was signed on 5 April 1977 and entered into force on 1 June 1977.

34 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 31 29/06/12 08:46 12 Treaty between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the French Republic, Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Member States of the European Communities) and the Hellenic Republic concerning the accession of the Hellenic Republic to the European Economic Community and to the European Atomic Energy Community ‘Treaty on the Accession of Greece’ (17)

Date and place of signature 28 May 1979, Zappeion Palace, Athens, Greece

Signatories Wilfried MARTENS, Prime Minister; Henri SIMONET, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Joseph VAN DER MEULEN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (BE) Niels Anker KOFOED, Minister for Agriculture; Gunnar RIBERHOLDT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (DK) Hans-Dietrich GENSCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs; Helmut SIGRIST, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (DE) Konstantinos KARAMANLIS, Prime Minister; Georgios RALLIS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Georgios CONTOGEORGIS, Minister without portfolio, responsible for relations with the European Communities (EL) Jean FRANÇOIS-PONCET, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Pierre BERNARD-REYMOND, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs; Luc DE LA BARRE DE NANTEUIL, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (FR) John LYNCH, Taoiseach (Prime Minister); Michael O’KENNEDY, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Brendan DILLON, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (IE) Giulio ANDREOTTI, President of the Council of Ministers; Adolfo BATTAGLIA, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; Eugenio PLAJA, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (IT)

(17) For accession to the ECSC, see the Decision of the Council of the European Communities of 24 May 1979 on the accession of the Hellenic Republic to the European Coal and Steel Community, OJ L 291, 19.11.1979 (Documents concerning the accession of the Hellenic Republic to the European Communities).

35 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 32 29/06/12 08:46 Gaston THORN, President of the Government, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jean DONDELINGER, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (LU) Chris VAN DER KLAAUW, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jan LUBBERS, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (NL) Peter CARRINGTON, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs; Donald MAITLAND, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 January 1981 OJ L 291, 19.11.1979 (Documents concerning the accession of the Hellenic Republic to the European Communities)

Authentic languages DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL

36 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 33 29/06/12 08:46 13 Treaty amending, with regard to Greenland, the Treaties establishing the European Communities ‘Greenland Treaty’

Date and place of signature 13 March 1984, Brussels, Belgium

Signatories Leo TINDEMANS, Minister for External Relations of the Kingdom of Belgium (BE) Uffe ELLEMANN-JENSEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Denmark; Gunnar RIBERHOLDT, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of Denmark (DK) Hans-Dietrich GENSCHER, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Federal Republic of Germany (DE) Theodoros PANGALOS, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Hellenic Republic (EL) Roland DUMAS, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the French Republic (FR) Peter BARRY, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Ireland (IE) Giulio ANDREOTTi, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Italian Republic (IT) Colette FLESCH, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Government of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (LU) Wim VAN EEKELEN, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands; H. J. Ch. RUTTEN, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Netherlands (NL) Geoffrey HOWE, QC, MP, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 January 1985 OJ L 29, 1.2.1985

Authentic languages DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL

Further information Under the Greenland Treaty, a Protocol on special arrangements for Greenland was annexed to the EEC Treaty.

37 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 34 29/06/12 08:46 14 Treaty between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hellenic Republic, the French Republic, Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Member States of the European Communities) and the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic concerning the accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic to the European Economic Community and to the European Atomic Energy Community ‘Treaty on the Accession of Spain and Portugal to the EEC and Euratom’ (18)

Date and place of signature 12 June 1985, Hall of Columns, Royal Palace, Madrid, Spain — Belém Palace, Lisbon, Portugal

Signatories Wilfried MARTENS, Prime Minister; Leo TINDEMANS, Minister for External Relations; Paul NOTERDAEME, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (BE) Poul SCHLÜTER, Prime Minister; Uffe ELLEMANN-JENSEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Jakob Esper LARSEN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (DK) Hans-Dietrich GENSCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs; Gisbert POENSGEN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (DE) Yannis HARALAMBOPOULOS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Theodoros PANGALOS, State Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (with responsibility for EEC affairs); Alexandre ZAFIRIOU, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (EL) Felipe GONZÁLEZ MÁRQUEZ, Prime Minister; Fernando MÓRAN LÓPEZ, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Manuel MARÍN GONZÁLEZ, State Secretary for Relations with the European Communities; Gabriel FERRÁN DE ALFARO, Ambassador, Head of the Mission of Spain to the European Communities (ES) Laurent FABIUS, Prime Minister; Roland DUMAS, Minister for External Relations; Catherine LALUMIÈRE, Delegated Minister entrusted with European Affairs; Luc DE LA BARRE DE NANTEUIL, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (FR)

(18) Regarding accession to the ECSC, see the Decision of the Council of the European Communities of 11 June 1985 on the accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic to the European Coal and Steel Community, OJ L 302, 15.11.1985. 35

38 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 35 29/06/12 08:46 Garret FITZGERALD, Taoiseach (Prime Minister); Peter BARRY, TD, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Andrew O’ROURKE, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (IE) Bettino CRAXi, President of the Council of Ministers; Giulio ANDREOTTI, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Pietro CALAMIA, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (IT) Jacques F. POOS, Vice-President of the Government, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Joseph WEYLAND, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (LU) Ruud LUBBERS, Prime Minister, Minister for General Affairs; Hans VAN DEN BROEK, Minister for Foreign Affairs; H. J. Ch. RUTTEN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (NL) Mário SOARES, Prime Minister; Rui MACHETE, Deputy Prime Minister; Jaime GAMA, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Ernâni RODRIGUES LOPES, Minister for Finance and Planning (PT) Geoffrey HOWE, QC, MP, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs; Michael BUTLER, Ambassador, Permanent Representative to the European Communities (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 January 1986 OJ L 302, 15.11.1985 (Documents concerning the accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic to the European Communities)

Authentic languages ES, DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL, PT

39 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 36 29/06/12 08:46 15 Single European Act

Date and place of signature 17 February 1986 (Belgium, Federal Republic of Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, United Kingdom), Luxembourg, Luxembourg 28 February 1986 (Denmark, Greece, Italy), The Hague, the Netherlands

Signatories Leo TINDEMANS, Minister for External Relations (BE) Uffe ELLEMANN-JENSEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (DE) Hans-Dietrich GENSCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs (DE) Karolos PAPOULIAS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EL) Francisco FERNÁNDEZ ORDÓÑEZ, Minister for Foreign Affairs (ES) Roland DUMAS, Minister for External Relations (FR) Peter BARRY, TD, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Giulio ANDREOTTI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Robert GOEBBELS, State Secretary, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LU) Hans VAN DEN BROEK, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL) Pedro PIRES DE MIRANDA, Minister for Foreign Affairs (PT) Lynda CHALKER, Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 July 1987 OJ L 169, 29.6.1987

Authentic languages ES, DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL, PT

Further information Amended the ECSC Treaty, the EEC Treaty and the Euratom Treaty

40 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 37 29/06/12 08:46 16 Treaty on European Union ‘Treaty of Maastricht’

Date and place of signature 7 February 1992, Council Chamber, Provincial Government Buildings, Maastricht, the Netherlands

Signatories Mark EYSKENS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Philippe MAYSTADT, Minister for Finance (BE) Uffe ELLEMANN-JENSEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN, Minister for Economic Affairs (DK) Hans-Dietrich GENSCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs; Theodor WAIGEL, Federal Minister for Finance (DE) Antonios SAMARAS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Efthymios CHRISTODOULOU, Minister for Economic Affairs (EL) Francisco FERNÁNDEZ ORDÓÑEZ, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Carlos SOLCHAGA CATALÁN, Minister for Economic Affairs and Finance (ES) Roland DUMAS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Pierre BÉRÉGOVOY, Minister for Economic and Financial Affairs and the Budget (FR) Gerard COLLINS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Bertie AHERN, Minister for Finance (IE) Gianni DE MICHELIS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Guido CARLI, Minister for the Treasury (IT) Jacques F. POOS, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jean-Claude JUNCKER, Minister for Finance (LU) Hans VAN DEN BROEK, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Wim KOK, Minister for Finance (NL) João de Deus PINHEIRO, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jorge BRAGA DE MACEDO, Minister for Finance (PT) Douglas HURD, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs; Francis MAUDE, Financial Secretary to the Treasury (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 November 1993 OJ C 191, 29.7.1992

41 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 38 29/06/12 08:46 Authentic languages ES, DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL, PT

Further information Established the Treaty on the European Union Amended the EEC Treaty with a view to establishing the European Community; amended the ECSC Treaty and the Euratom Treaty

Exceptions from the application of the treaties: — Denmark and the UK did not participate in the third stage of economic and monetary union (19). — Denmark did not participate in the elaboration and the implementation of the European security and defence policy and in particular in the measures adopted on the basis of Title V of the EU Treaty which have defence implications (20).

(19) See in particular the two protocols annexed to the EC Treaty by the Treaty on European Union: the Protocol on certain provisions relating to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Protocol on certain provisions relating to Denmark. (20) See in particular the Protocol on the position of Denmark.

42 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 39 29/06/12 08:46 17 Act amending the Protocol on the Statute of the European Investment Bank empowering the Board of Governors to establish a European Investment Fund ‘Act allowing the creation of a European Investment Fund’

Date and place of signature 25 March 1993, Council, Brussels, Belgium

Signatories Philippe DE SCHOUTHEETE DE TERVARENT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (BE) Gunnar RIBERHOLDT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (DK) Jochen GRÜNHAGE, Deputy Permanent Representative (DE) Leonidas EVANGELIDIS, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (EL) Camilo BARCIA GARCÍA-VILLAMIL, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (ES) François SCHEER, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (FR) Pádraig MAC KERNAN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (IE) Federico DI ROBERTO, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (IT) Jean-Jacques KASEL, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (LU) Ben BOT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (NL) José César PAULOURO DAS NEVES, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (PT) John KERR, Ambassador, Permanent Representative (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 May 1994 OJ L 173, 7.7.1994

Authentic languages ES, DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL, PT

43 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 40 29/06/12 08:46 18 Treaty between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Portuguese Republic, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Member States of the European Union) and the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, concerning the accession of the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden to the European Union ‘Treaty on the Accession of Austria, Finland and Sweden to the EU’

Date and place of signature 24 June 1994, Chapel of St George, Corfu, Greece (21)

Signatories Jean-Luc DEHAENE, Prime Minister; Willy CLAES, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Philippe DE SCHOUTHEETE DE TERVARENT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Belgium to the European Union (BE) Poul Nyrup RASMUSSEN, Prime Minister; Niels Helveg PETERSEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Gunnar RIBERHOLDT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Denmark to the European Union (DK) Helmut KOHL, Federal Chancellor; Klaus KINKEL, Federal Minister for Foreign Aff airs and Deputy Federal Chancellor; Dietrich VON KYAW, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Germany to the European Union (DE) Andreas PAPANDREOU, Prime Minister; Karolos PAPOULIAS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Theodoros PANGALOS, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs (EL) Felipe GONZÁLEZ MÁRQUEZ, President of the Government; Javier SOLANA MADARIAGA, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Carlos WESTENDORP Y CABEZA, State Secretary for Relations with the European Communities (ES)

(21) Due to the non-ratifi cation of the Accession Treaty by Norway, the Accession Treaty and other documents relating to accession were subject to Decision 95/1/EC, Euratom, ECSC of the Council of the European Union adjusting the instruments concerning the accession of new Member States to the European Union, OJ L 1, 1.1.1995.

44 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 41 29/06/12 08:46 Édouard BALLADUR, Prime Minister; Alain JUPPÉ, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Alain LAMASSOURRE, Minister attached to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, with special responsibility for European Affairs; Pierre DE BOISSIEU, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of France to the European Union (FR) Albert REYNOLDS, Taoiseach (Prime Minister); Dick SPRING, Tánaiste (Deputy Prime Minister) and Minister for Foreign Aff airs; Padraic MCKERNAN, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Ireland to the European Union (IE) Silvio BERLUSCONI, Prime Minister; Antonio MARTINO, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Livio CAPUTO, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs (IT) Jacques SANTER, Prime Minister; Jacques F. POOS, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jean-Jacques KASEL, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Luxembourg to the European Union (LU) R. F. M. LUBBERS, Prime Minister; P. H. KOOIJMANS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Ben BOT, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of the Netherlands to the European Union (NL) Gro Harlem BRUNDTLAND, Prime Minister; Bjørn TORE GODAL, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Grete KNUDSEN, Minister for Trade, Minister for Merchant Shipping; Eivinn BERG, Head of the Delegation entrusted with the negotiations (Norway) Franz VRANITZKY, Federal Chancellor; Alois MOCK, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs; Ulrich STACHER, Director General, Federal Chancellery; Manfred SCHEICH, Head of the Austrian Mission to the European Communities (AT) Aníbal CAVACO SILVA, Prime Minister; José DURÃO BARROSO, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Vítor MARTINS, State Secretary for European Affairs (PT) Esko AHO, Prime Minister; Pertti SALOLAINEN, Minister for Foreign Trade; Heikki HAAVISTO, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Veli SUNDBÄCK, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs (FI) Carl BILDT, Prime Minister; Margaretha af UGGLAS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Ulf DINKESPIEL, Minister for European Affairs and Foreign Trade; Frank BELFRAGE, Secretary of State for European Affairs and Foreign Trade (SE) John MAJOR, Prime Minister; Douglas HURD, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs; David HEATHCOAT-AMORY, Minister of State, Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 January 1995 OJ C 241, 29.8.1994 (Documents concerning the accession)

Authentic languages ES, DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL, PT, FI, SV

Notes Norway withdrew from the accession process following a negative referendum held on 28 November 1994.

45 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 42 29/06/12 08:46 19 Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts ‘Treaty of Amsterdam’

Date and place of signature 2 October 1997, ‘Burgenzaal’, Royal Palace, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Signatories Erik DERYCKE, Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Niels Helveg PETERSEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (DK) Klaus KINKEL, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Deputy Federal Chancellor (DE) Theodoros PANGALOS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EL) Juan Abel MATUTES, Minister for Foreign Affairs (ES) Hubert VÉDRINE, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FR) Raphael P. BURKE, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Lamberto DINI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Jacques F. POOS, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Cooperation (LU) Hans VAN MIERLO, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL) Wolfgang SCHÜSSEL, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Vice Chancellor (AT) Jaime GAMA, Minister for Foreign Affairs (PT) Tarja HALONEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FI) Lena HJELM-WALLÉN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SE) Douglas HENDERSON, Minister of State, Foreign and Commonwealth Office (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 May 1999 OJ C 340, 10.11.1997

Authentic languages ES, DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL, PT, FI, SV

46 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 43 29/06/12 08:46 Notes Exceptions from the application of the treaties: — At the time of integration of the Schengen acquis into the framework of the European Union, Denmark is bound by the Schengen acquis but the Schengen acquis does not form part of the acquis communautaire as it applies to Denmark (22). Denmark can opt out of the subsequent adoption by the Council of measures pursuant to Title IV of the EC Treaty. It may decide nonetheless to transpose into its national law a Council decision to build on the Schengen acquis under the provisions of Title IV of the EC Treaty (23). — Ireland and the United Kingdom are not parties to the agreements of the Schengen acquis; at the time of its integration into the framework of EU law, the Schengen acquis does not apply to them. However they may request to take part in some or all of its provisions (24). They may also opt into and participate in the adoption and application of measures pursuant to Title IV of the EC Treaty (25).

(22) See the Protocol integrating the Schengen acquis into the framework of the European Union, annexed to the Treaty of Amsterdam. (23) See the Protocol on the position of Denmark. (24) See the Protocol integrating the Schengen acquis into the framework of the European Union. (25) See the Protocol on the position of the United Kingdom and Ireland, annexed to the Treaty of Amsterdam.

47 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 44 29/06/12 08:46 20 Treaty of Nice amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts ‘Treaty of Nice’

Date and place of signature 26 February 2001, ‘Salle de Bal’, Palais Sarde, Alpes-Maritimes Prefecture, Nice, France

Signatories Louis MICHEL, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Mogens LYKKETOFT, Minister for Foreign Affairs (DK) Joseph FISCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Deputy Federal Chancellor (DE) Georgios PAPANDREOU, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EL) Josep PIQUÉ I CAMPS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (ES) Hubert VÉDRINE, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FR) Brian COWEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Lamberto DINI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Lydie POLFER, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (LU) Jozias VAN AARTSEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL) Benita FERRERO-WALDNER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs (AT) Jaime GAMA, Ministro de Estado, Minister for Foreign Affairs (PT) Erkki TUOMIOJA, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FI) Anna LINDH, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SE) Robin COOK, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 February 2003 OJ C 80, 10.3.2001

Authentic languages ES, DA, DE, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, NL, PT, FI, SV

48 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 45 29/06/12 08:46 21 Treaty between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Portuguese Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Member States of the European Union) and the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, concerning the accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic to the European Union ‘Big Bang Enlargement Treaty’

Date and place of signature 16 April 2003, Stoa of Attalos, Ancient Agora, Athens, Greece

Signatories Guy VERHOFSTADT, Prime Minister; Louis MICHEL, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Václav KLAUS, President; Vladimír ŠPIDLA, Prime Minister; Cyril SVOBODA, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs; Pavel TELIČKA, Head of the delegation of the Czech Republic for the negociations on the accession to the European Union and Ambassador and Head of the Mission of the Czech Republic to the European Communities (CZ) Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN, Prime Minister; Per Stig MØLLER, Minister for Foreign Affairs (DK) Gerhard SCHRÖDER, Federal Chancellor; Joseph FISCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Deputy Federal Chancellor (DE) Arnold RÜÜTEL, President; Kristiina OJULAND, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EE) Konstantinos SIMITIS, Prime Minister; Giorgos PAPANDREOU, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Tassos GIANNITSIS, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs (EL) José Maria AZNAR LÓPEZ, President of the Government; Ana PALACIO VALLELERSUNDI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (ES) 46

49 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 46 29/06/12 08:46 Jean-Pierre RAFFARIN, Prime Minister; Dominique GALOUZEAU DE VILLEPIN, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Noëlle LENOIR, Minister attached to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, with responsibility for European Affairs (FR) Bertie AHERN, Taoiseach (Prime Minister); Brian COWEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Silvio BERLUSCONI, Prime Minister; Franco FRATTINI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Tassos PAPADOPOULOS, President; George IACOVIOU, Minister for Foreign Affairs (CY) Vaira VĪĶE-FREIBERGA, President; Einars REPŠE, Prime Minister; Sandra KALNIETE, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Andris KESTERIS, Chief Negotiator for the Accession of the Republic of Latvia to the European Union, Undersecretary of State of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (LV) Algirdas Mykolas BRAZAUSKAS, Prime Minister; Antanas VALIONIS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LT) Jean-Claude JUNCKER, Prime Minister, Ministre d’État; Lydie POLFER, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (LU) Péter MEDGYESSY, Prime Minister; László KOVÁCS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Endre JUHÁSZ, Ambassador of the Republic of Hungary to the European Union, Chief Negotiator for the Accession of the Republic of Hungary to the European Union (HU) Edward FENECH ADAMI, Prime Minister; Joe BORG, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Richard CACHIA CARUANA, Head of the Delegation entrusted with the negotiations (MT) Jan Pieter BALKENENDE, Prime Minister; Jakob Gijsbert DE HOOP SCHEFFER, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL) Wolfgang SCHÜSSEL, Federal Chancellor; Benita FERRERO-WALDNER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs (AT) Leszek MILLER, Prime Minister; Włodzimierz CIMOSZEWICZ, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Danuta HÜBNER, Secretary of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (PL) José Manuel DURÃO BARROSO, Prime Minister; António MARTINS DA CRUZ, Minister for Foreign Affairs (PT) Janez DRNOVŠEK, President; Anton ROP, Prime Minister; Dimitrij RUPEL, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SI) Rudolf SCHUSTER, President; Mikuláš DZURINDA, Prime Minister; Eduard KUKAN, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Ján FIGEL, Chief Negotiator for the Accession of the Slovak Republic to the European Union (SK) Paavo LIPPONEN, Prime Minister; Jari VILÉN, Minister for Foreign Trade (FI) Göran PERSSON, Prime Minister; Anna LINDH, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SE) Tony BLAIR, Prime Minister; Jack STRAW, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 May 2004 OJ L 236, 23.9.2003 (Documents concerning the accession) and OJ C 227 E, 23.9.2003 (Appendices to the annexes to the act concerning the conditions of accession)

Authentic languages ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, SK, SL, FI, SV

50 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 47 29/06/12 08:47 22 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe

Date and place of signature 29 October 2004, Hall of the Horatii and Curiatii, Capitol, Rome, Italy

Signatories Guy VERHOFSTADT, Prime Minister; Karel DE GUCHT, Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Stanislav GROSS, Prime Minister; Cyril SVOBODA, Minister for Foreign Affairs (CZ) Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN, Prime Minister; Per Stig MØLLER, Minister for Foreign Affairs (DK) Gerhard SCHRÖDER, Federal Chancellor; Joseph FISCHER, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Deputy Federal Chancellor (DE) Juhan PARTS, Prime Minister; Kristiina OJULAND, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EE) Kostas KARAMANLIS, Prime Minister; Petros G. MOLYVIATIS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EL) José Luis RODRÍGUEZ ZAPATERO, President of the Government; Miguel Angel MORATINOS CUYAUBÉ, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (ES) Jacques CHIRAC, President; Jean-Pierre RAFFARIN, Prime Minister; Michel BARNIER, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FR) Bertie AHERN, Taoiseach (Prime Minister); Dermot AHERN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Silvio BERLUSCONI, Prime Minister; Franco FRATTINI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Tassos PAPADOPOULOS, President; George IACOVIOU, Minister for Foreign Affairs (CY) Vaira VĪĶE-FREIBERGA, President; Indulis EMSIS, Prime Minister; Artis PABRIKS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LV) Valdas ADAMKUS, President; Algirdas Mykolas BRAZAUSKAS, Prime Minister; Antanas VALIONIS, Minister of Foreign Affairs (LT) Jean-Claude JUNCKER, Prime Minister, Ministre d’État; Jean ASSELBORN, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Immigration (LU) Ferenc GYURCSÁNY, Prime Minister; László KOVÁCS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (HU) Lawrence GONZI, Prime Minister; Michael FRENDO, Minister for Foreign Affairs (MT) Jan Pieter BALKENENDE, Prime Minister; Ben BOT, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL) Wolfgang SCHÜSSEL, Federal Chancellor; Ursula PLASSNIK, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs (AT) Marek BELKA, Prime Minister; Włodzimierz CIMOSZEWICZ, Minister for Foreign Affairs (PL)

51 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 48 29/06/12 08:47 Pedro Miguel DE SANTANA LOPES, Prime Minister; António Victor MARTINS MONTEIRO, Minister for Foreign Affairs and the Portuguese Communities (PT) Anton ROP, President of the Government; Ivo VAJGL, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SI) Mikuláš DZURINDA, Prime Minister; Eduard KUKAN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SK) Matti VANHANEN, Prime Minister; Erkki TUOMIOJA, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FI) Göran PERSSON, Prime Minister; Laila FREIVALDS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SE) Tony BLAIR, Prime Minister; Jack STRAW, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ Did not enter into force OJ C 310, 16.12.2004

Authentic languages ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, SK, SL, FI, SV

52 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 49 29/06/12 08:47 23 Treaty between the Kingdom of Belgium, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, Ireland, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain And Northern Ireland (Member States of the European Union) and the Republic of Bulgaria and Romania, concerning the accession of the Republic of Bulgaria and Romania to the European Union ‘Treaty of Accession of Bulgaria and Romania’

Date and place of signature 25 April 2005, Neumünster Abbey, Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Signatories Karel DE GUCHT, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Didier DONFUT, State Secretary for European Affairs, attached to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (BE) Georgi PARVANOV, President; Simeon SAXE-COBOURG, Prime Minister; Solomon PASSY, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Meglena KUNEVA, Minister for European Affairs (BG) Vladimír MÜLLER, Deputy Minister for Union Affairs; Jan KOHOUT, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Czech Republic to the European Union (CZ) Friis Arne PETERSEN, Permanent Secretary of State; Claus GRUBE, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Kingdom of Denmark to the European Union (DK) Hans Martin BURY, Minister with responsibility for European Affairs; Wilhelm SCHÖNFELDER, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Federal Republic of Germany to the European Union (DE)

53 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 50 29/06/12 08:47 Urmas PAET, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Väino REINART, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Estonia to the European Union (EE) Yannis VALINAKIS, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs; Vassilis KASKARELIS, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Hellenic Republic to the European Union (EL) Miguel Angel MORATINOS CUYAUBÉ, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation; Alberto NAVARRO GONZÁLEZ, Secretary of State for the European Union (ES) Claudie HAIGNERÉ, Minister with responsibility for European Affairs, attached to the Minister for Foreign Affairs; Pierre SELLAL, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of France to the European Union (FR) Dermot AHERN; Minister for Foreign Affairs; Noel TREACY, Minister of State for European Affairs (IE) Roberto ANTONIONE, Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; Rocco Antonio CANGELOSI, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Italian Republic to the European Union (IT) George IACOVOU, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Nicholas EMILIOU, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Cyprus to the European Union (CY) Artis PABRIKS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Eduards STIPRAIS, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Latvia to the European Union (LV) Antanas VALIONIS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Albinas JANUSKA, Under-Secretary at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (LT) Jean-Claude JUNCKER, Prime Minister, Ministre d’État, Minister for Finance; Jean ASSELBORN, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Immigration (LU) Ferenc SOMOGYI, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Etele BARÁTH, Minister without porfolio responsible for European Union Affairs (HU) Michael FRENDO, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Richard CACHIA CARUANA, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of Malta to the European Union (MT) Ben BOT, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Atzo NICOLAÏ, Minister for European Affairs (NL) Hubert GORBACH, Vice Chancellor; URSULA PLASSNIK, Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs (AT) Adam Daniel ROTFELD, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Jaroslaw PIETRAS, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (PL) Diogo PINTO DE FREITAS DO AMARAL, Minister of State and Foreign Affairs; Fernando Manuel de MENDONÇA D’OLIVEIRA NEVES, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (PT) Traian BĂSESCU, President; Călin POPESCU-TĂRICEANU, Prime Minister; Mihai-Răzvan UNGUREANU, Minister of Foreign Affairs; Leonard ORBAN, Chief Negotiator with the European Union (RO) Božo CERAR, State Secretary at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (SI) Eduard KUKAN, Minister of Foreign Affairs; József BERÉNYI, State Secretary of Foreign Affairs (SK) Eikka KOSONEN, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Finland to the European Union (FI)

54 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 51 29/06/12 08:47 Laila FREIVALDS, Minister for Foreign Affairs; Sven-Olof PETERSSON, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Kingdom of Sweden to the European Union (SE) John GRANT KCMG, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the European Union (UK)

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 January 2007 OJ L 157, 21.6.2005 (Documents concerning the accession)

Authentic languages BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV

55 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 52 29/06/12 08:47 24 Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community ‘Treaty of Lisbon’

Date and place of signature 13 December 2007, Monastery of the Hieronymites, Lisbon, Portugal

Signatories Guy VERHOFSTADT, Prime Minister; Karel DE GUCHT, Minister for Foreign Affairs (BE) Sergei STANISHEV, Prime Minister; Ivailo KALFIN, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs (BG) Mirek TOPOLÁNEK, Prime Minister; Karel SCHWARZENBERG, Minister for Foreign Affairs (CZ) Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN, Prime Minister; Per Stig MØLLER, Minister for Foreign Affairs (DK) Angela MERKEL, Federal Chancellor; Frank-Walter STEINMEIER, Deputy Federal Chancellor and Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs (DE) Andrus ANSIP, Prime Minister; Urmas PAET, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EE) Bertie AHERN, Taoiseach (Prime Minister); Dermot AHERN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IE) Konstantinos KARAMANLIS, Prime Minister; Dora BAKOYANNIS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (EL) José Luis RODRÍGUEZ ZAPATERO, President; Miguel Ángel MORATINOS CUYAUBÉ, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation (ES) Nicolas SARKOZY, President; François FILLON, Prime Minister; Bernard KOUCHNER, Minister for Foreign and European Affairs (FR) Romano PRODI, Prime Minister; Massimo D’ALEMA, Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs (IT) Tassos PAPADOPOULOS, President; Erato KOZAKOU-MARCOULLIS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (CY) Valdis ZATLERS, President; Aigars KALVĪTIS, Prime Minister; Māris RIEKSTIŅŠ, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LV) Valdas ADAMKUS, President; Gediminas KIRKILAS, Prime Minister; Petras VAITIEKŪNAS, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LT) Jean-Claude JUNCKER, Prime Minister; Jean ASSELBORN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (LU) Ferenc GYURCSÁNY, Prime Minister; Kinga GÖNCZ, Minister for Foreign Affairs (HU) Lawrence GONZI, Prime Minister; Michael FRENDO, Minister for Foreign Affairs (MT) Jan Pieter BALKENENDE, Prime Minister; Maxime VERHAGEN, Minister for Foreign Affairs (NL) Alfred GUSENBAUER, Federal Chancellor; Ursula PLASSNIK, Federal Minister for European and International Affairs (AT)

56 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 53 29/06/12 08:47 Donald TUSK, Prime Minister; Radosław SIKORSKI, Minister for Foreign Affairs (PL) José SÓCRATES, Prime Minister; Luís Filipe AMADO, Minister for Foreign Affairs (PT) Traian BĂSESCU, President; Călin POPESCU-TĂRICEANU, Prime Minister; Adrian CIOROIANU, Minister for Foreign Affairs (RO) Janez JANŠA, President of the Government; Dimitrij RUPEL, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SI) Robert FICO, Prime Minister; Ján KUBIŠ, Minister for Foreign Affairs (SK) Matti VANHANEN, Prime Minister; Ilkka KANERVA, Minister for Foreign Affairs (FI) Fredrik REINFELDT, Prime Minister; Cecilia MALMSTRÖM, Minister for European Affairs (SE) Gordon BROWN, Prime Minister; David MILIBAND, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs

Entry into force and publication in the OJ 1 December 2009 OJ C 306, 17.12.2007

Authentic languages BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, GA, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV

57 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 54 29/06/12 08:47 Offi cial languages of the Eur

Official langua

1 Bulgarian (бъ 2 Spanish (español) es 3 Czech (čeština) cs 4 Danish (dansk) da 5 German (Deutsch) de 6 Estonian (eesti keel) et 7 Greek (ελληνικά) el 8 English (English) en 9 French (français) fr 100 Irish (Gaeilge) ga 11 Italian (italiano) it 12 Latvian (latviešu valoda) lv 13 Lithuanian (lietuvių kalba) lt 14 Hungarian (magyar) hu 15 Maltese (Malti) mt 16 Dutctch (N( ederlands) nl 17 Polishh (pop lski) pl 18 Portuguese (pop rtuguês) pt 19 Romanian (roomână) ro 20 Slovak (slovenčina) sk 21 Slovene (slovenščina) sl 22 Finnish (suomi) fi 23 Swedish (svenska) sv

58 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 55 29/06/12 08:47 General Secretariat of the Council

A Union of law: from Paris to Lisbon Tracing the treaties of the European Union

Luxembourg: Publications Offi ce of the European Union

2012 — 55 pp. — 17.6 x 25 cm

ISBN 978-92-824-3507-6 doi:10.2860/78263

59 / 61 18/12/2013 kg205052_EN_inside_b.indd 56 29/06/12 08:47 HOW TO OBTAIN EU PUBLICATIONS

Free publications: • via EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu); • at the European Union’s representations or delegations. You can obtain their contact details on the Internet (http://ec.europa.eu) or by sending a fax to +352 292942758. Priced publications: • via EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu). Priced subscriptions (e.g. annual series of the Offi cial Journal of the European Union and reports of cases before the Court of Justice of the European Union): • via one of the sales agents of the Publications Offi ce of the European Union (http://publications.europa.eu/others/agents/index_en.htm).

60 / 61 18/12/2013

EN.indd 3 28/06/12 15:25 QC-31-11-407-EN-C

CONSILIUM

Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 175 1048 Bruxelles/Brussel BELGIQUE/BELGIË Tel. +32 22816111

www.consilium.europa.eu

doi:10.2860/78263 ISBN 978-92-824-3507-6

61 / 61 18/12/2013

EN.indd 4 28/06/12 15:25