Title Items-In-Visits of Heads of States and Foreign Ministers
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Heads of State Heads of Government Ministers For
UNITED NATIONS HEADS OF STATE Protocol and Liaison Service HEADS OF GOVERNMENT PUBLIC LIST MINISTERS FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS COUNTRY HEAD OF STATE HEAD OF GOVERNMENT MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS AFGHANISTAN His Excellency Same as Head of State His Excellency Mr. Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Mr. Mohammad Haneef Atmar Full Title President of the Islamic Republic of Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Afghanistan Republic of Afghanistan Date of Appointment 29-Sep-14 04-Apr-20 ALBANIA His Excellency His Excellency same as Prime Minister Mr. Ilir Meta Mr. Edi Rama Full Title President of the Republic of Albania Prime Minister and Minister for Europe and Foreign Minister for Europe and Foreign Affairs of the Affairs of the Republic of Albania Republic of Albania Date of Appointment 24-Jul-17 15-Sep-13 21-Jan-19 ALGERIA Son Excellence Son Excellence Son Excellence Monsieur Abdelmadjid Tebboune Monsieur Abdelaziz Djerad Monsieur Sabri Boukadoum Full Title Président de la République algérienne Premier Ministre de la République algérienne Ministre des Affaires étrangères de la République démocratique et populaire démocratique et populaire algérienne démocratique et populaire Date of Appointment 19-Dec-19 05-Jan-20 31-Mar-19 21/08/2020 Page 1 of 66 COUNTRY HEAD OF STATE HEAD OF GOVERNMENT MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS ANDORRA Son Excellence Son Excellence Son Excellence Monseigneur Joan Enric Vives Sicília Monsieur Xavier Espot Zamora Madame Maria Ubach Font et Son Excellence Monsieur Emmanuel Macron Full Title Co-Princes de la Principauté d’Andorre Chef du Gouvernement de la Principauté d’Andorre Ministre des Affaires étrangères de la Principauté d’Andorre Date of Appointment 16-May-12 21-May-19 17-Jul-17 ANGOLA His Excellency His Excellency Mr. -
1 Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone – Researched and compiled by the Refugee Documentation Centre of Ireland on 18 March 2010 Information as to what recent wars Sierra Leone has been involved in and when they ended. In a section titled “History” the United Kingdom Foreign & Commonwealth Office country profile for Sierra Leone states: “The SLPP ruled until 1967 when the electoral victory of the opposition APC was cut short by the country's first military coup. But the military eventually handed over to the APC and its leader Siaka Stevens in 1968. He turned the country into a one -party state in 1978. He finally retired in 1985, handing over to his deputy, General Momoh. Under popular pressure, one party rule was ended in 1991, and a new constitution providing for a return to multi-party politics was approved in August of that year. Elections were scheduled for 1992. But, by this stage, Sierra Leone's institutions had collapsed, mismanagement and corruption had ruined the economy and rising youth unemployment was a serious problem. Taking advantage of the collapse, a rebel movement, the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) emerged, with backing from a warlord, Charles Taylor, in neighbouring Liberia, and in 1991 led a rebellion against the APC government. The government was unable to cope with the insurrection, and was overthrown in a junior Officers coup in April 1992. Its leader, Capt Strasser, was however unable to defeat the RUF. Indeed, the military were more often than not complicit with the rebels in violence and looting.” (United Kingdom Foreign & Commonwealth Office (25 February 2009) Country Profiles: Sub-Saharan Africa – Sierra Leone) This profile summarises the events of the period 1996 to 2002 as follows: “Strasser was deposed in January 1996 by his fellow junta leaders. -
Economic Intelligence As National Security Issue
Economic Intelligence as National Security Issue A Brief Study Lorenzo Bonucci Introduction The fall of Berlin Wall marks the end of the Cold War system. That system, where the world was divided in two “blocks”. The USA and the USSR was the major powerful nations, and they fought for pursue, most of all, the military, technologic and economic supremacy. With the end of this contrast, it ends also the “scenario characterized by elegants simplicity” as emeritus president Francesco Cossiga said. Today everything changes, war, or better, conflicts, fights in more fronts: the financial-economic is acquiring great importance, because the actors, that attacks, are not just States; there are sovereign wealth funds, multinationals, NGOs, banks and corporations. The effects of attacks is amplified if combined with the manipulation of information, made possible by the globalization.1 In this new world order, where Intelligence has a fundamental role (as it used to have in the old order). Alongside the traditional Intelligence discipline, is developping another one: the Economic Intelligence. In the contemporary version, the economic Intelligence has attention on business intelligence or environmental scanning or competitive intelligence. Briefly, it is the theory of 1 Cfr. Giuseppe Griscioli, “Competizione Economico-finanziaria, ruolo dell’Intelligence e Sicurezza Nazionale”. Aracne Editrice, 2013. p. 10 1 strategic choices for achieve competitive advantages over competitors.2 In fact, a lot of States have created some institutions for strategical research in financial and economic field. First of all, France. In France has been founded a School of Economic Warfare (Ecole de Guerre Economique) with teachings that are based on strategical military logicals. -
Briefing Memorandum
The National Institute for Defense Studies News, January 2011 Issue (Issue 150) Briefing Memorandum The Japan-US Alliance Structure in the Eyes of China: Historical developments and the current situation (an English translation of the original manuscript written in Japanese) Yasuyuki Sugiura, Research Fellow, 6th Research Office, Research Department 1. Introduction In 2010, the Japan-US Security Treaty celebrated its 50th year since revisions were last made in 1960. The Japan-US Security Treaty continues to serve as the axis for Japanese diplomatic and security policy even today. The milestone year of 2010 was also a year of heightened attention to China’s security stance towards other countries in Japan. In April, a Chinese naval vessel passed between Okinawa Island and Miyako Island, heading due east into the Pacific Ocean, and thereafter conducted a training exercise and refueling in Pacific Ocean waters. In September there was an incident where a Chinese fishing vessel collided with a Japan Coast Guard patrol vessel in the waters surrounding the Senkaku Islands, Japan-China relations were quickly exacerbated. Amidst this string of events, there has been recent debate over the US military’s deterrence capabilities against China in light of the relocation issue of Futenma Air Station, while another question has surfaced pertaining to whether the Japan-US Security Treaty applies to the Senkaku Islands. These new issues have caused a significant amount of attention to the Japan-US Alliance as well as to relations with China. How does China recognize the Japan-US Alliance? This is a vital question in order to understand China’s policy towards Japan and the United States. -
ICRC President in Italy…
INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS ICRC President in Italy... The President of the ICRC, Mr. Alexandre Hay, was in Italy from 15 to 20 June for an official visit. He was accompanied by Mr. Sergio Nessi, head of the Financing Division, and Mr. Melchior Borsinger, delegate-general for Europe and North America. The purpose of the visit was to contact the Italian authorities, to give them a detailed account of the ICRC role and function and to obtain greater moral and material support from them. The first day of the visit was mainly devoted to discussions with the leaders of the National Red Cross Society and a tour of the Society's principal installations. On the same day Mr. Hay was received by the President of the Republic, Mr. Sandro Pertini. Other discussions with government officials enabled the ICRC delegation to explain all aspects of current ICRC activities throughout the world. Mr. Hay's interlocutors were Mr. Filippo Maria Pandolfi, Minister of Finance; Mr. Aldo Aniasi, Minister of Health; Mrs. Nilde Iotti, Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies; Mr. Amintore Fanfani, President of the Senate; Mr. Paulo Emilio Taviani, Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies' Foreign Affairs Commission and Mr. Giulio Andreotti, Chairman of the Senate Foreign Affairs Commission. Discussions were held also with the leaders of the Italian main political parties. On 20 June President Hay, Mr. Nessi and Mr. Borsinger were received in audience by H.H. Pope John-Paul II, after conferring with H.E. Cardinal Casaroli, the Vatican Secretary of State, and H.E. Cardinal Gantin, Chairman of the "Cor Unum" Pontifical Council and of the pontifical Justice and Peace Commission. -
Regime Stability and Foreign Policy Change Interaction Between Domestic and Foreign Policy in Hungary 1956-1994 Niklasson, Tomas
Regime Stability and Foreign Policy Change Interaction between Domestic and Foreign Policy in Hungary 1956-1994 Niklasson, Tomas 2006 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Niklasson, T. (2006). Regime Stability and Foreign Policy Change: Interaction between Domestic and Foreign Policy in Hungary 1956-1994. Department of Political Science, Lund University. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 REGIME STABILITY AND FOREIGN POLICY CHANGE Interaction between Domestic and Foreign Policy in Hungary 1956-1994 Tomas Niklasson Lund Political Studies 143 Department of Political Science Lund University Cover design: Cecilia Campbell Layout: Tomas Niklasson © 2006 Tomas Niklasson ISBN: 91-88306-56-9 Lund Political Studies 143 ISSN: 0460-0037 Printed by Studentlitteratur Lund, 2006 Distribution: Department of Political Science Lund University Box 52 SE-221 00 Lund SWEDEN http://www.svet.lu.se/lps/lps.html To Kasper and Felix, for the insights they have provided into work-life balance – and rat races.. -
Vice Presidential Six Month Assessment, 1977, Part 3
1977 JANUARY 1977 Meetings with Foreigners DATE NM1E 24 Joseph Luns, Secretary General of NAT O Meeting during visit to Brussels 24 North Atlantic Council Meeting in Brussels 24 Leo Tinde ~ ans, Prime Minister of Belgium Meeti ng during visit to Bru~sels 24 Roy J enki:1s , President of EC Commission Meeting during visit to Brussels 24 Nax van der Stoel, Belgium Minister of Foreign Affairs Meeting during visit to Brussels 25 HelmutSc~midt, Chancellor of FRG Meeting during visit to Bonn 25 Walter Scheel, President of FRG Meeting during visit to Bonn 26 Klaus Schuetz, Governing Mayor of Berlin Mee ting during visit to Berlin 26 Guilio F_l1c.reotti, Prime 'Minister of Italy Meeting during visit to Rome 26 Giovanni Leone, President of Italy Meeting during visit to Rome 27 Pope Paul VI Meeting during visit to Rome 27 James Callaghan, Prime Minister of U.K. Meeti~g during visit to London 28 Emile van Lennep, Secretary General of OE eD Meeti~g during visit to Paris 29 Valery Gi scard D'Estaing, President of France Meeti~g during visit to Paris 29 Geir Ha llgrimsson, Prime I-1in ister of Icelc.nd Meeting during stop i n Iceland 31 Takeo Fuk~da , Prime Minister of Japan Meeti~g during visit to Tokyo FEJ3H.UAl~Y 1977 Mee tings wi th Foreigners DATE NAME 3 VJachffieister, Wilhelm Ambassador of Sweden To extend official invitation to you to v i sit Sweden . 8 Huang Chen, Chief of the People's Republic of China's Liaison Office Courtesy Call to meet leaders of new Administration. -
32 Chapter II When You Slip and Fall, Do Not Look For
Chapter II When you slip and fall, do not look for the cause of your fall where you lie; the cause is where you slipped. – Mende Proverb 2.1 Conflict Analysis The end of the cold war in 1989/90 can be considered, as a point of departure for many world developments, both positive and negative. In Africa, as in other parts of the world, the effect of the termination of the ideological war was seriously felt. While the termination of the cold war brought in its wake the end of proxy wars fought in Africa, it however signalled the genesis of another kind of conflict – intra-state conflicts. No longer were wars or conflicts fought between states, but between mostly the government, and the so-called rebels or insurgents. The upsurge of these intra-state conflicts has left analysts confounded as to the causes and nature of such conflicts. One of the unique, though negative, characteristics of the violent conflicts that erupted in Africa after the end of the cold war was the level of violence directed at civilians. In the post-cold war conflicts in Africa, approximately 70% of the victims are civilians.77 Approximately 80% of the wars fought in the post-cold war era were also intra-state as opposed to inter-state conflicts, witnessed during the cold war era.78 Some have argued that the type of conflict witnessed in the post cold war era can be traced to the geopolitical map bequeathed to Africa by its colonial powers.79 Somerville’s contention is that the imposition of boundaries brought people who were never a “people” together, and hence such situation is bound to lead to conflict. -
LETTER to G20, IMF, WORLD BANK, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS and NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
LETTER TO G20, IMF, WORLD BANK, REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS and NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS We write to call for urgent action to address the global education emergency triggered by Covid-19. With over 1 billion children still out of school because of the lockdown, there is now a real and present danger that the public health crisis will create a COVID generation who lose out on schooling and whose opportunities are permanently damaged. While the more fortunate have had access to alternatives, the world’s poorest children have been locked out of learning, denied internet access, and with the loss of free school meals - once a lifeline for 300 million boys and girls – hunger has grown. An immediate concern, as we bring the lockdown to an end, is the fate of an estimated 30 million children who according to UNESCO may never return to school. For these, the world’s least advantaged children, education is often the only escape from poverty - a route that is in danger of closing. Many of these children are adolescent girls for whom being in school is the best defence against forced marriage and the best hope for a life of expanded opportunity. Many more are young children who risk being forced into exploitative and dangerous labour. And because education is linked to progress in virtually every area of human development – from child survival to maternal health, gender equality, job creation and inclusive economic growth – the education emergency will undermine the prospects for achieving all our 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and potentially set back progress on gender equity by years. -
Fredrik Reinfeldt
2014 Press release 03 June 2014 Prime Minister's Office REMINDER: German Chancellor Angela Merkel, British Prime Minister David Cameron and Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte to Harpsund On Monday and Tuesday 9-10 June, Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt will host a high-level meeting with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, British Prime Minister David Cameron and Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte at Harpsund. The European Union needs to improve job creation and growth now that the EU is gradually recovering from the economic crisis. At the same time, the EU is facing institutional changes with a new European Parliament and a new European Commission taking office in the autumn. Sweden, Germany, the UK and the Netherlands are all reform and growth-oriented countries. As far as Sweden is concerned, it will be important to emphasise structural reforms to boost EU competitiveness, strengthen the Single Market, increase trade relations and promote free movement. These issues will be at the centre of the discussions at Harpsund. Germany, the UK and the Netherlands, like Sweden, are on the World Economic Forum's list of the world's ten most competitive countries. It is natural, therefore, for these countries to come together to compare experiences and discuss EU reform. Programme points: Monday 9 June 18.30 Chancellor Merkel, PM Cameron and PM Rutte arrive at Harpsund; outdoor photo opportunity/door step. Tuesday 10 June 10.30 Joint concluding press conference. Possible further photo opportunities will be announced later. Accreditation is required through the MFA International Press Centre. Applications close on 4 June at 18.00. -
List of Countries and Father of Nation
List of Countries and Father of Nation: Country Founder/Father Afghanistan Ahmad Shah Durrani Argentina Don Jose de San Martín Australia Sir Henry Parkes Bahamas Sir Lynden Pindling Bangladesh Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Bolivia Simón Bolívar Dom Pedro I andJose Bonifacio de Brazil www.homoeoadda.in Andrada e Silva Burma (Myanmar) Aung San Cambodia Norodom Sihanouk Chile Bernardo O'Higgins Republic of China Sun Yat-sen Colombia Simón Bolívar Gustav I of Sweden Sweden www.homoeoadda.in Croatia Ante Starcevic Cuba Carlos Manuel de Cespedes Dominican Republic Juan Pablo Duarte Ecuador Simon Bolivar Ghana Kwame Nkrumah Guyana Cheddi Jagan Haiti www.homoeoadda.in Jean-Jacques Dessalines India Mohandas Karam Chand Gandhi Indonesia Sukarno Iran Cyrus the Great Israel Theodor Herzl Italy Victor Emmanuel II Kenya Jomo Kenyatta Kosovo Ibrahim Rugova Lithuania Jonas Basanavicius Macedonia Krste Misirkov Malaysia Tunku Abdul Rahman Mauritius Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Mexico Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla Mongolia Genghis Khan Namibia Sam Nujoma William the Silent Netherlands www.homoeoadda.in Norway Einar Gerhardsen Pakistan Mohammad Ali Jinnah Panama Simón Bolivar Peru Don Jose de San Martin Portugal Dom Afonso Henriques Republic of Korea Kim Gu Russia Peter I of Russia Saudi Arabia Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia Scotland Donald Dewar Serbia Dobrica Cosic Singapore Lee Kuan Yew Slovenia Primoz Trubar South Africa Nelson Mandela Spain Fernando el Catolico Sri Lanka Don Stephen Senanayake Suriname Johan Ferrier Tanzania Julius Nyerere Turkey Mustafa Kemal Ataturk United Arab Emirates Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan United States of America George Washington Uruguay Jose Gervasio Artigas Venezuela Simon Bolívar Vietnam Ho Chi Minh . -
Thai-Chinese Relations: Security and Strategic Partnership
No. 155 Thai-Chinese Relations: Security and Strategic Partnership Chulacheeb Chinwanno S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies Singapore 24 March 2008 With Compliments This Working Paper series presents papers in a preliminary form and serves to stimulate comment and discussion. The views expressed are entirely the author’s own and not that of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies. The S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) was established in January 2007 as an autonomous School within the Nanyang Technological University. RSIS’s mission is to be a leading research and graduate teaching institution in strategic and international affairs in the Asia Pacific. To accomplish this mission, it will: • Provide a rigorous professional graduate education in international affairs with a strong practical and area emphasis • Conduct policy-relevant research in national security, defence and strategic studies, diplomacy and international relations • Collaborate with like-minded schools of international affairs to form a global network of excellence Graduate Training in International Affairs RSIS offers an exacting graduate education in international affairs, taught by an international faculty of leading thinkers and practitioners. The teaching programme consists of the Master of Science (MSc) degrees in Strategic Studies, International Relations, International Political Economy, and Asian Studies as well as an MBA in International Studies taught jointly with the Nanyang Business School. The graduate teaching is distinguished by their focus on the Asia Pacific, the professional practice of international affairs, and the cultivation of academic depth. Over 150 students, the majority from abroad, are enrolled with the School. A small and select Ph.D. programme caters to advanced students whose interests match those of specific faculty members.