Lighthouses for Airplanes Revisited: the Montana Lighted Airways
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Flight Inspection History Written by Scott Thompson - Sacramento Flight Inspection Office (May 2008)
Flight Inspection History Written by Scott Thompson - Sacramento Flight Inspection Office (May 2008) Through the brief but brilliant span of aviation history, the United States has been at the leading edge of advancing technology, from airframe and engines to navigation aids and avionics. One key component of American aviation progress has always been the airway and navigation system that today makes all-weather transcontinental flight unremarkable and routine. From the initial, tentative efforts aimed at supporting the infant air mail service of the early 1920s and the establishment of the airline industry in the 1930s and 1940s, air navigation later guided aviation into the jet age and now looks to satellite technology for direction. Today, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) provides, as one of many services, the management and maintenance of the American airway system. A little-seen but still important element of that maintenance process is airborne flight inspection. Flight inspection has long been a vital part of providing a safe air transportation system. The concept is almost as old as the airways themselves. The first flight inspectors flew war surplus open-cockpit biplanes, bouncing around with airmail pilots and watching over a steadily growing airway system predicated on airway light beacons to provide navigational guidance. The advent of radio navigation brought an increased importance to the flight inspector, as his was the only platform that could evaluate the radio transmitters from where they were used: in the air. With the development of the Instrument Landing System (ILS) and the Very High Frequency Omni-directional Range (VOR), flight inspection became an essential element to verify the accuracy of the system. -
United States Coast Guard Kauhola Point Light House HAER No. HI-89 Old Kohala Mill Road Halaula Hawaii County Hawaii
United States Coast Guard Kauhola Point Light House HAER No. HI-89 Old Kohala Mill Road Halaula Hawaii County Hawaii BLACK AND WHITE PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA Historic American Engineering Record National Park Service Pacific West Regional Office Oakland, California HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD INDEX TO PHOTOGRAPHS UNITED STATES COAST GUARD KAUHOLA HAER No. HI-89 POINT LIGHT HOUSE Old Kohala Mill Road Halaula Hawaii County Hawaii David Franzen, Photographer January, 2009 HI-89-1 VIEW OF SOUTH AND EAST ELEVATIONS OF KAUHOLA POINT LIGHT HOUSE, LOOKING FROM THE EAST. HI-89-2 VIEW OF SOUTH AND EAST ELEVATIONS OF KAUHOLA POINT LIGHT HOUSE FROM THE OIL STORAGE BUILDING’S RUINS, GASOLINE STORAGE FOUNDATION IN FOREGROUND, LOOKING FROM THE SOUTHEAST. HI-89-3 VIEW OF THE NORTH AND WEST ELEVATIONS OF KAUHOLA POINT LIGHT HOUSE, OIL STORAGE BUILDING RUINS IN BACKGROUND, USGS MARKER IN RIGHT FOREGROUND, LOOKING FROM THE NORTH. HI-89-4 KAUHOLA POINT LIGHT HOUSE, INTERIOR VIEW OF SPIRAL STAIRWAY FROM GROUND FLOOR, LOOKING FROM THE SOUTHEAST. KAUHOLA POINT LIGHTHOUSE HABS No. HI-89 Index to Photographs (Page 2) Photograph Key for Kauhola Point Light House HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD U. S. COAST GUARD KAUHOLA POINT LIGHT HOUSE HAER No. HI-89 Location: Old Kohala Mill Road Halaula County of Hawaii Hawaii USGS 7.5 minute series topographic map, Hawi, HI 1998 Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates: 04.789537.2241159 Date of Construction: 1933 Engineers & Builders: Frederick Edgecomb Present Owner: United States Coast Guard Present Occupant: Vacant Present Use: Abandoned Significance: The Kauhola Point Light House is associated with the history and development of navigational aids in Hawaii. -
Seventy Years of American Youth Hostels
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Theses (Historic Preservation) Graduate Program in Historic Preservation 2003 Preservation for the People: Seventy Years of American Youth Hostels Elisabeth Dubin University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses Part of the Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons Dubin, Elisabeth, "Preservation for the People: Seventy Years of American Youth Hostels" (2003). Theses (Historic Preservation). 506. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/506 Copyright note: Penn School of Design permits distribution and display of this student work by University of Pennsylvania Libraries. Suggested Citation: Dubin, Elisabeth (2003). Preservation for the People: Seventy Years of American Youth Hostels. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/506 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Preservation for the People: Seventy Years of American Youth Hostels Disciplines Historic Preservation and Conservation Comments Copyright note: Penn School of Design permits distribution and display of this student work by University of Pennsylvania Libraries. Suggested Citation: Dubin, Elisabeth (2003). Preservation for the People: Seventy Years of American Youth Hostels. (Masters Thesis). University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. This thesis or dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/hp_theses/506 UNIVERSITYy* PENNSYLVANIA. UBKARIES PRESERVATION FOR THE PEOPLE: SEVENTY YEARS OF AMERICAN YOUTH HOSTELS Elisabeth Dubin A THESIS in Historic Preservation Presented to the Faculties of the University of PennsyK'ania in Partial FuUillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE 2003 .g/V..— '^^^..oo^N.^::^^^^^^ John Milner, FAIA Samuel Y. Hams, PE, FAIA Adjunct Professor of Architecture Adjunct Professor of Architecture Tliesis Supervisor Reader ^<,,^;S>l^^'">^^*- Frank G. -
View / Open TM Database Composite.Pdf
• • • • TRANSPORTATION-MARKINGS • DATABASE • COMPOSITE CATEGORIES • CLASSIFICATION & INDEX • • • - • III III • 1 TRANSPORTATION-MARKINGS: A STUDY IN CO.MMUNICATION MONOGRAPH SERIES Alternate Series Title: An Inter-modal Study of Safety Aids Transportatiol1-Markings Database Alternate T-M Titles: Transport [ation] Mark [ing]s / Transport Marks / Waymarks T-MFoundations, 4th edition, 2005 (Part A, Volume I, First Studies in T-M) (3rd edition, 1999; 2nd edition, 1991) Composite Categories A First Study in T-M: The US, 2nd edition, 1993 (Part B, Vol I) Classification & Index International Marine Aids to Navigation, 2nd edition, 1988 (parts C & D, Vol I) [Unified First Edition ofParts A-D, University Press ofAmerica, 1981] International Traffic Control Devices, 2nd edition, 2004 (Part E, Volume II, Further Studies in T-M) (lst edition, 1984) Part Iv Volume III, Additional Studies, International Railway Signals, 1991 (Part F, Vol II) International Aero Navigation Aids, 1994 (Part G, Vol II) Transportation-Markil1gs: A Study il1 T-M General Classification with Index, 2nd edition, 2004 (Part H, Vol II) (1st edition, 1994) Commllnication Monograph Series Transportation-Markings Database: Marine Aids to Navigation, 1st edition, 1997 (I'art Ii, Volume III, Additional Studies in T-M) TCDs, 1st edition, 1998 (Part Iii, Vol III) Railway Signals. 1st edition, 2000 (part Iiii, Vol III) Aero Nav Aids, 1st edition, 2001 (Part Iiv, Vol III) Composite Categories Classification & Index, 1st edition, 2006 (part Iv, Vol III) (2nd edition ofDatabase, Parts Ii-v, -
North Carolina to Become Lighthouse Climbers' Mecca
Information on all North Carolina Lighthouses can be found at http://www.outerbankslighthousesociety.org and http://www.outer-banks.com/lighthouse-society OBLHS Volunteers Make BILH Fresnel Lens Shine – Page 2 - 4 Lighthouse Updates – Page 12-13 The Roanoke River Lighthouse in Edenton Received $1.2 million for restoration – Page 15 Volume XV Number 4 Winter 2009 North Carolina to Become Lighthouse Climbers’ Mecca Six towers will be open to the public by 2011 Bodie Island n October 16, 2009, in a ceremony in Washington, D.C., Lighthouse the Outer Banks Scenic Byway was named to the distinctive O and diverse collection of America’s byways. The nationally A $3 million restoration will designated highway traverses one of the nation’s and North Carolina’s render this historic site as one of great coastal landscapes through Dare, Hyde, and Carteret Counties. the most beautiful lighthouses The timing is perfectly in synch with ongoing restoration projects at in America to visit. The 344 Bodie Island, Cape Lookout, and Ocracoke Lighthouses. Within two Fresnel glass prisms that have years, the maritime trail from Currituck Beach Lighthouse all the way been cleaned by OBLHS to Old Baldy and Oak Island will offer up six climbable towers and volunteers are now in storage an assortment of other sound, river, and harbor lights to visit. Mixed and will be re-assembled by the into this trail of historic sites are life-saving stations, bird-watching lens conservators and replaced areas, the Graveyard of the Atlantic Museum, and several maritime in the lantern room after tower museums. -
Volume I First Studies in Transportation
~~J r---ly,I'~l • ' ~ ~.. ~ ~ .. .. ... iii .. .. "j TRANSPORTATION MARKINGS: A STUDY IN COMMUNICATION MONOGRAPH SERIES VOLUME I FIRST STUDIES IN TRANSPORTATION MARKINGS: Parts A-D, First Edition [Foundations, A First Study in Transportation Markings: The U.S., International Transportation Markings: Floating & Fixed Marine] University Press of America, 1981 Part A, FOUNDATIONS, Second Edition, Revised & Enlarged Mount Angel Abbey 1991 Part B, A FIRST STUDY IN TRANSPORTATION MARKINGS: THE U.S. Second Edition, Revised & Enlarged Mount Angel Abbey 1992 Parts C & D, INTERNATIONAL MARINE AIDS TO NAVIGATION Second Edition, Revised, Mount Angel Abbey, 1988 VOLUME II FURTHER STUDIES IN TRANSPORTATION MARKINGS: Part E, INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES, First Edition Mount Angel Abbey, 1984 Part F, INTERNATIONAL RAILWAY SIGNALS, First Edition, Mount Angel Abbey, 1991 Part G, INTERNATIONAL AERONAUTICAL AIDS TO NAVIGATION In Preparation Part H, A COMPREHENSIVE CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSPORTATION MARKINGS Projected _J"'i =-'---, ] r ~ L 1 J TABLE OF CONTENTS The Dedication is that of Volume I, ['I J Preface v First Edition: Acknowledgements vi To My Parents: 7 U.S. TRANSPORTATION MARKINGS: PRELIMINARY [I J CONSIDERATIONS A Taxonomy & Semiotics 1 Introduction: U.S. Transportation Markings: Dad (1909-1980) Mom (1910-1973) Model for Further Studies The Role of Classification. .. 1 My step-Mother Jennie (1911-1977) [1 = 2 Communication, Semiotics & the Physical Object. .. 3 My step-Mother Mary B A Celebration of Classifications [ 1 ] 1 Forms of Classification in this Study 7 2 Messages & Phenomena 11 3 Nomenclature 17 [ ]8 CLASSIFICATION A Main Classification 1 Outline Form: Markings Within a Context of [)J Transportation Markings. 23 Copyright (c) 1992 by Mount Angel Abbey 2 Explanatory Notes . -
The United States Lighthouse Society 244
An educational service provided by The United States Lighthouse Society 244 Kearny Street • San Francisco, CA 94108 (415) 362-7255 The Story of the Lighthouse Many, many years ago (thousands of years to be A lever light. more exact), people lived in a very primitive way — both hunting for and growing their own food (there were no supermarkets in those days, no stores at all!). Eventually they decided to explore the water in a boat to find out what the sea had to offer in the way of food. And, what did they find? They found fish and all kinds of other seafood: clams, mussels, scallops, oysters, lobsters, crabs, etc. During the day they could find their way back to the landing place by looking for a pile of rocks that had been left there. Pharos lighthouse in Alexandria, Egypt These were the first daymarks. But how could recorded in history and was built about 280 they find their way home at night? Since much B.C. Those records tell us that it was the of the shoreline looked very similar, friends tallest one ever built — 450 ft. (comparable to had to light a bonfire on a high point to guide a 45 story skyscraper) and used an open fire them to the right landing area. Still later they at the top as a source of light. (Can you used a pole or a tripod to hang a metal basket imagine being the keeper, climbing to the top containing a fire as a method of signaling (a to light the fire, and then forgetting the lever light). -
The Story of the Lighthouse Many, Many Years Ago (Thousands of Years to Be a Lever Light
The Story of the Lighthouse Many, many years ago (thousands of years to be A lever light. more exact), people lived in a very primitive way — both hunting for and growing their own food (there were no supermarkets in those days, no stores at all!). Eventually they decided to explore the water in a boat to find out what the sea had to offer in the way of food. And, what did they find? They found fish and all kinds of other seafood: clams, mussels, scallops, oysters, lobsters, crabs, etc. During the day they could find their way back to the landing place by looking for a pile of rocks that had been left there. Pharos lighthouse in Alexandria, Egypt These were the first daymarks. But how could recorded in history and was built about 280 they find their way home at night? Since much B.C. Those records tell us that it was the of the shoreline looked very similar, friends tallest one ever built — 450 ft. (comparable to had to light a bonfire on a high point to guide a 45 story skyscraper) and used an open fire them to the right landing area. Still later they at the top as a source of light. (Can you used a pole or a tripod to hang a metal basket imagine being the keeper, climbing to the top containing a fire as a method of signaling (a to light the fire, and then forgetting the lever light). matches or whatever was used in those days to start a fire?) Our first lighthouses were actually given to us by Nature herself. -
Cumentation Fonn Light Stations in the United State NPS Form 10-900-B
USDI/NPS NRHP Multiple Propert~ cumentation Fonn Light Stations in the United State Page 1 NPS Form 10-900-b OMB No. 1024-0018 (March 1992) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Fonn This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Fonn (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. X New Submission Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing Light Stations of the United States B. Associated Historic Contexts (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) Federal Administration of Lighthouses, U.S. Lighthouse Service, 1789-1952 Architecture & Engineering, U.S. Lighthouse Construction Types, Station Components, Regional Adaptations and Variations, 1789 -1949 Evolution of Lighthouse Optics, 1789 -1949 Significant Persons, U.S. Lighthouse Service, 1789 -1952 C. Form Prepared by name/title Edited and formatted by Candace Clifford, NCSHPO Consultant to the NPS National Maritime Initiative, National Register, History and Education Program. Based on submissions by Ralph Eshelman under cooperative agreement with U.S. Lighthouse Society, and Ross Holland under cooperative agreement with National Trust for Historic Preservation Also reviewed, reedited, and reformatted by Ms. Kebby Kelley and Mr. David Reese, Office of Civil Engineering, Environmental Management Division, US Coast Guard Headquarters, and Jennifer Perunko, NCSHPO consultant to the NPS National Maritime Initiative, National Register, History and Education Program. -
Human Use/Natural Resource Management Plan for Whitefish Point
Human Use/ Natural Resource Management Plan For Whitefish Point December 6, 2002 Submitted by: Michigan Land Use Institute Jim Lively, Planner PO Box 500 Beulah, MI 49617 [email protected] (email) 231-882-4723 231-882-7350 (fax) Table of Contents Table of Contents................................................................................................................ 2 APPENDIX: Summary of Public Input,Compiled by USFWS.......................................... 2 I. BACKGROUND AND LEGAL RESTRICTIONS........................................................ 3 A. Historic Uses of Whitefish Point ............................................................................. 3 B. Current Uses............................................................................................................... 5 C. Legal Restrictions..................................................................................................... 10 II. WHITEFISH POINT MANAGEMENT GOALS ....................................................... 14 III. INVENTORY OF NATURAL, HUMAN AND HISTORIC RESOURCES............ 15 A. Natural Resources .................................................................................................... 15 B. Historic Resources and Interpretation...................................................................... 19 IV. SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT........................................................................ 22 A. Neighboring Land Use............................................................................................ -
U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office
U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office Preserving Our History For Future Generations Historic Light Station Information FLORIDA ALLIGATOR REEF LIGHT Location: FOUR MILES EAST OF INDIAN KEY, NEAR MATECUMBE KEY Station Established: 1873 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1873 Operational: Yes Automated: Yes, 1963 Deactivated: N/A Foundation Materials: Iron pile with platform Construction Materials: Iron Tower Shape: Skeleton Height: 136-foot tower Markings/Pattern: White pyramidal framework on black pile foundation, enclosing square dwelling and stair-cylinder; lantern, black. Relationship to Other Structure: Integral Original Lens: First Order Bivalve, Fresnel, 1873 Characteristic: Flashing white and red, every third flash red, from SW. by W. 1/2 W. through southward to NE. 1/8 E., and from NE. by E. 3/4 E. through northward to SW. 3/8 S.; flashing red throughout the intervening sectors; interval between flashes 5 seconds. Fog Signal: Historical Information: The name honors the U.S. Navy Schooner "Alligator" which sunk at this location in 1822. Countless vessels have also sunk here on the reef's jagged coral. This lighthouse cost $185,000 to build, a lot of money at that time. It took a 2,000-pound hammer to drive the 12" iron pilings ten feet into the coral to support the tower. It still contains its original fourth order Fresnel lens and has a range of about 12 miles. AMELIA ISLAND LIGHT Page 1 of 47 U.S. Coast Guard Historian’s Office Preserving Our History For Future Generations Location: ENTRANCE TO ST MARY'S RIVER Station Established: 1839, rebuilt 1885 Year Current Tower(s) First Lit: 1820 Operational: Yes Automated: Yes Deactivated: N/A Foundation Materials: Stone Construction Materials: Brick with stucco Tower Shape: Conical Height: 107-feet Markings/Pattern: White brick tower; lantern, black; dwelling detached. -
Background Information and Suggested Classroom Activities on North Carolina Lighthouses
Background Information and Suggested Classroom Activities on North Carolina Lighthouses Background information Only a few years ago, it was difficult to find information on the lighthouses of North Carolina. Fortunately there is now an abundance of information available about our lighthouses and exploring them in the twenty-first century can be a year's curriculum in itself! There are a number of excellent, accurate Internet sites on lighthouses and numerous pictures online. A good starting point to fill you in on the historical background of lighthouses is the webproject of the U.S. Coast Guard at http://www.uscg.mil/history/articles/LighthouseCurriculum.pdf. For specific information about NC lighthouses, use the Outer Banks Lighthouse Society's website at http://www.oblhs.org. Facts on the NC lighthouses are based on original U.S. Lighthouse Service documents. A unit of study on NC lighthouses is a great opportunity to tap your community resources for further information and enhanced experiences for your students. Ask a painter how the stripes were painted on Cape Hatteras. Ask an architect how bricklayers in the latter half of the nineteenth century made double round (conical) walls to make up the basic structure of our tall coastal lights. Do a demonstration on how Cape Hatteras was moved. The possibilities are endless. There are three types of lighthouses world-wide: ocean lights like St. Georges Reef in California and Minots Ledge in Massachusetts; coastal lights like most of our NC lighthouses; harbor and lake lights like Ocracoke. Lighthouses are landmarks that serve as directional signs for water borne traffic just like highway signs show the way on land.