North Carolina to Become Lighthouse Climbers' Mecca
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Information on all North Carolina Lighthouses can be found at http://www.outerbankslighthousesociety.org and http://www.outer-banks.com/lighthouse-society OBLHS Volunteers Make BILH Fresnel Lens Shine – Page 2 - 4 Lighthouse Updates – Page 12-13 The Roanoke River Lighthouse in Edenton Received $1.2 million for restoration – Page 15 Volume XV Number 4 Winter 2009 North Carolina to Become Lighthouse Climbers’ Mecca Six towers will be open to the public by 2011 Bodie Island n October 16, 2009, in a ceremony in Washington, D.C., Lighthouse the Outer Banks Scenic Byway was named to the distinctive O and diverse collection of America’s byways. The nationally A $3 million restoration will designated highway traverses one of the nation’s and North Carolina’s render this historic site as one of great coastal landscapes through Dare, Hyde, and Carteret Counties. the most beautiful lighthouses The timing is perfectly in synch with ongoing restoration projects at in America to visit. The 344 Bodie Island, Cape Lookout, and Ocracoke Lighthouses. Within two Fresnel glass prisms that have years, the maritime trail from Currituck Beach Lighthouse all the way been cleaned by OBLHS to Old Baldy and Oak Island will offer up six climbable towers and volunteers are now in storage an assortment of other sound, river, and harbor lights to visit. Mixed and will be re-assembled by the into this trail of historic sites are life-saving stations, bird-watching lens conservators and replaced areas, the Graveyard of the Atlantic Museum, and several maritime in the lantern room after tower museums. repairs are completed. The The Outer Banks National Scenic Byway’s nomination emphasizes the Bodie Island Life-Saving and unique maritime culture shared by 21 coastal villages that punctuate Coast Guard Stations have been relocated to the entrance of the the byway route. That culture, says the nomination, is thoroughly light station. Story page 5 linked to the byway’s natural environment of barrier islands, capes and shallow sounds as well as nationally significant historic places. Add the beautiful southern areas that include Oak Island and Old Cape Lookout Baldy Lighthouses, and anyone seeking a memorable coastal tour will Lighthouse be in heaven. Stimulus monies coming out of Washington, D.C., are helping $487,000 has been appropriated at Bodie Island, Ocracoke, and Cape Lookout Lighthouses. It is to open this lighthouse for reminiscent of make-work projects during the Great Depression that climbing, An anniversary program celebrated 150 years brought improvements to roadways and coastal areas that proved a of light at Cape Lookout in boon for tourism; indeed, it created the great Blue Ridge Parkway October. The original Fresnel and its classic rock walls and overpasses. Since a large part of North lens may be coming home. See Carolina’s economy is based on tourism, stimulus monies couldn’t pages 6 - 8 have come at a better time. Bodie Island Lighthouse has been literally falling to pieces for decades. Ocracoke Lighthouse has needed stairs repairs for as long while the interior brick was deteriorating back into the original clay form. Cape Lookout’s 150-year-old stairs are in dire need of restoration. It alone commands one of the most beautiful coastal wilderness areas in the world. Visitors will soon enjoy the view from the top, arguably one of life’s greatest experiences. A Lighthouse Enthusiast’s Dream by Cheryl Shelton-Roberts or three exciting days in late October, Outer Banks Lighthouse Society (OBLHS) volunteers had the honor of cleaning and polishing the Bodie Island Lighthouse first-order Fresnel lens after it had been disassembled Fand brought to ground level while tower restoration is ongoing. A wooden “stage” was built around the lens so Lighthouse Lamp Shop members Joe Cocking, Nick Johnston and their assistants Logan and Nick Johnston, Jr. and machinist Randall Cox could work on the upper catadioptric lenses. In an effort to keep the historic lens in place and prevent it from being taken out by then stewards US Coast Guard, OBLHS invited lens conservator Nick Johnston to inspect the 1871 lens as a volunteer project. Nick demonstrated to park staff that the floor of the lens room has continued to be pulled downward over 140 years by gravity; however, the lens remained bolted to the top of the lantern. In other words, the lens was being stretched by opposing forces, which has caused stress cracks in some of the prisms. If this condition were to continue, the lens would literally be pulled apart slowly over time. After being freed of these opposing forces, pressure on the lens has been released and it will receive conservation treatment. After tower restoration is completed, the lens will go back atop the lighthouse, planned to be less than two years. Alex Klahm will take care of extensive ironwork and Cullen Chambers, director of Tybee Island Light Station and experienced lighthouse restoration expert, will coordinate and inspect work quality. OBLHS applauds NPS efforts to keep the lens “in situ” (preservation term meaning to “keep in place”). The Society has supported the concept that each Fresnel lens should remain in its own lantern room wherever possible; after all, the purpose of each lighthouse is to raise the light so mariners can see it. As lens conservator Joe Cocking believes, a lens is in its own museum when it is in its own lantern room at the top of the lighthouse. Thanks go to Doug Stover, NPS Cape Hatteras Group Cultural Resources Specialist, for arranging for this event to happen for volunteers. I would like to personally thank the following people for getting to the scene on short notice and for giving of personal time and expense to help in this project: Dawn Beacham, Josh Lambert, Meghan Agresto, Diana Chappell, Janice Thomas, Bett Padgett, Sue Kelly, Frank Bamonte, Judy Moon, and Courtney Whisler. Thanks also to Judy and Ebb Rosson and Dawn Beacham for providing housing for volunteers. Diana and Janice served up great lunches each day, which was always a special time for us to relax and chat. See you all again in 2011 to clean the prisms and their frame before the lens is re-assembled in the lantern room of the lighthouse! In the future, OBLHS volunteers will be responsible to keep the lens sparkling. At lower left, in the foreground, a central panel of prisms awaits care while one of the upper catadioptric panels (background) is braced to have its underside cleaned and polished. Randall Cox is at left, Logan Johnston at right, Joe Cocking is in the right background. Janice Thomas waits until the central panel is situated and she can then work on it. At right foreground is Kim Fahlen, photographer for Lighthouse Lamp Shop, who is working with BILH volunteer Sue Kelly. The big panels weigh about 150 pounds each. Total weight of the lens and frame is about 2,800. As you can see, there was quite a bit of bending and applying of elbow grease. Every phase of lens restoration is physically challenging. Picture by Diana Chappell 2 LIGHTHOUSE NEWS • Wi n t e r 2009 Care for an Irreplaceable Fresnel Lens Photos and information by Kim Fahlen for Lighthouse Lamp Shop, Inc. early two weeks of preparation were required before any actual lens removal happened. The central Ndioptric (refracting) panels were the first to come away followed by the lower catadioptric panels (“cats” refract and reflect) and finally the upper cats. At right, manhandling these upper cats takes four men with a rigged line to carry much of the weight—the larger, upper cats weigh about 150 pounds. What followed is the most difficult part of all maneuvers: getting the upper catadioptric panels from the lens room to the lantern level below. There are all sorts of obstacles made of metal that can cause severe damage to the crown-glass prisms being moved: the lens frame guides, doorknobs, iron railings. But the entire lens was disassembled, moved, wrapped, crated, and lowered to ground level by its own weight (below) without incidence. The lens panels were then transported to a site where OBLHS volunteers unpacked, cleaned, wrapped, and re-crated the panels for storage with the help and supervision of the Lighthouse Lamp Shop crew. Conservator Joe Cocking earned his certification as a Professional Associate by the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC) in 2007. Both he and partner Nick Johnston are retired USCG. L IGHTHOUSE NEWS • Wi n t e r 2009 3 Above, left, Diana Chappell and Janice Thomas display how Above, right, Bett Padgett chats with NPS Cultural Resources much fun we all had. The triangular sections at the end of Specialist Doug Stover. That’s Kim Fahlen, photographer, in the bronze frame consists of red-lead putty that has fine wood the foreground. Kim is a keeper of the Pt. Loma Lighthouse in shavings mixed in. Much of this substance, as well as other putty San Diego, CA, and she pitched right in and worked with us that holds the prisms in exact angles, will have to be renewed. with the enthusiasm of one who loves historic artifacts and the Lens conservators create a special putty for each lens they restore stories they have to tell us. that is based on the specific site’s needs. Photos courtesy of Diana Chappell Above, left, Judy Moon works with Meghan Agresto, Keeper of the Currituck Beach Lighthouse. Judy was known as our first “bag lady,” because she was challenged with measuring and cutting bags that would envelop each cleaned prism panel. Janice took over the work on the second day.