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Final Report: Review of Export Permits to Turkey” Published by Global Affairs Canada
CANADA: HUMAN RIGHTS CHAMPION OR PAWN TO AUTOCRATIC REGIMES IN THE GLOBAL ARMS TRADE? Response to the “Final report: Review of export permits to Turkey” published by Global Affairs Canada May 4, 2021 Mtre Anaïs Kadian and Mtre Emilie Béatrice Kokmanian, Attorneys-at-law* I. INTRODUCTION In its Final report: Review of export permits to Turkey (the “Final Report”) published in April 20211, Global Affairs Canada (“GAC”) concludes that Electro-Optical/Infra-Red imaging and targeting sensor systems manufactured by the Canadian company L3Harris Wescam (the “Targeting Sensors”) and exported to Turkey were found in Nagorno- Karabakh (also known as “Artsakh”) and used by the government of Azerbaijan to target and attack the Armenian population in the region, all of which was contrary to the end- assurances given by Turkey and to Canada’s foreign policy. 2 Yet, the Final Report is conveniently silent on the question of the responsibility of the Minister of Foreign Affairs (the “Minister” or “Ministry”) in the matter. In our opinion, given the criteria imposed by the Export and Import Permits Act (the “EIPA” or “Act”), the Minister should not have approved the export permits of Canadian military technology destined to Turkey in May 2020. Thus, the Final Report errs in its approach in that: (i) it omits to analyze the Minister’s initial decision to issue the export permits to Turkey in light of the EIPA’s criteria and (ii) it ignores the facts and evidence demonstrating the illegal use of this military technology by Turkey as well as the substantial risk which continues to exist today. -
The Aslian Languages of Malaysia and Thailand: an Assessment
Language Documentation and Description ISSN 1740-6234 ___________________________________________ This article appears in: Language Documentation and Description, vol 11. Editors: Stuart McGill & Peter K. Austin The Aslian languages of Malaysia and Thailand: an assessment GEOFFREY BENJAMIN Cite this article: Geoffrey Benjamin (2012). The Aslian languages of Malaysia and Thailand: an assessment. In Stuart McGill & Peter K. Austin (eds) Language Documentation and Description, vol 11. London: SOAS. pp. 136-230 Link to this article: http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/131 This electronic version first published: July 2014 __________________________________________________ This article is published under a Creative Commons License CC-BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial). The licence permits users to use, reproduce, disseminate or display the article provided that the author is attributed as the original creator and that the reuse is restricted to non-commercial purposes i.e. research or educational use. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ______________________________________________________ EL Publishing For more EL Publishing articles and services: Website: http://www.elpublishing.org Terms of use: http://www.elpublishing.org/terms Submissions: http://www.elpublishing.org/submissions The Aslian languages of Malaysia and Thailand: an assessment Geoffrey Benjamin Nanyang Technological University and Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore 1. Introduction1 The term ‘Aslian’ refers to a distinctive group of approximately 20 Mon- Khmer languages spoken in Peninsular Malaysia and the isthmian parts of southern Thailand.2 All the Aslian-speakers belong to the tribal or formerly- 1 This paper has undergone several transformations. The earliest version was presented at the Workshop on Endangered Languages and Literatures of Southeast Asia, Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology, Leiden, in December 1996. -
Khojaly Genocide
CHAPTER 1 KHOJALY. HISTORY, TRAGEDY, VICTIMS P R E S I D E N T I A L L I B R A RY Administrative Department of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan CONTENTS BRIEF HISTORY OF KARABAKH .............................................................................................................5 INFORMATION ON THE GRAVE VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTED DURING THE COURSE OF THE ARMENIAN AGGRESSION AGAINST AZERBAIJAN....................................7 BRIEF INFORMATION ABOUT KHOJALY ........................................................................................... 10 THE TRAGEDY........................................................................................................................................... 11 LIST OF THE PEOPLE DIED AT THE KHOJALY TRAGEDY ............................................................. 12 LIST OF FAMILIES COMPLETELY EXECUTED ON 26TH OF FEBRUARY 1992 DURING KHOJALY GENOCIDE .............................................................................................................................. 22 LIST OF THE CHILDREN DIED IN KHOJALY GENOCIDE ................................................................ 23 LIST OF THE CHILDREN HAVING LOST ONE OF THEIR PARENTS AT THE KHOJALY TRAGEDY.................................................................................................................................................... 25 LIST OF THE CHILDREN HAVING LOST BOTH PARENTS AT THE KHOJALY TRAGEDY ....... 29 MISSING PEOPLE ..................................................................................................................................... -
& Peace War & Peace
The Universityeviathan of Edinburgh Journal of Politics and International Relations LThe University of Edinburgh Journal of Politics and International Relations LLThe Universityeviathaneviathan of Edinburgh Journal of Politics and International Relations War & Peace War Volume 4 Issue II February 2014 & Peace Volume 4 Issue II February 2014 Volume 4 Issue II February 2014 Leviathan WAR & PEACE CONTENTS A MESSAGE FROM ASIA PACIFIC Our partner: THE India versus Pakistan: Inventing the Enemy EUROPEAN UNION David Kelly, page 5 SOCIETY EUROPE AND RUSSIA It is my pleasure, as president of the EU Society, The European Union: to co-present this issue of Leviathan on the Society Versus Capital subject of War and Peace. A significant portion John Clifford, page 6 of the contributions herein were penned by members of our Society, and we encourage all The Need for a Twenty-First those interested in the study of the European Century Perestroika? Union to come along to our events and get Filippa Braarud, page 7 involved. We thank the Leviathan team for their effort and look forward to working with the MIDDLE EAST journal again in the future. Peace, Democratisation, and Islam From the Mongol invasion, to the Thirty Years’ Marco Bauder, page 8 War, to the horrors of the twentieth century, Power Politics and the Future of the the European continent has been a stage for unthinkable devastation. These experiences Humanitarian Intervention should remind everyone that peace must never Giulio Bianchi, page 9 be taken for granted, and that we should never A War for Peace? again find ourselves on the side of complacency. -
Forced Displacement in the Nagorny Karabakh Conflict: Return and Its Alternatives
Forced displacement in the Nagorny Karabakh conflict: return and its alternatives August 2011 conciliation resources Place-names in the Nagorny Karabakh conflict are contested. Place-names within Nagorny Karabakh itself have been contested throughout the conflict. Place-names in the adjacent occupied territories have become increasingly contested over time in some, but not all (and not official), Armenian sources. Contributors have used their preferred terms without editorial restrictions. Variant spellings of the same name (e.g., Nagorny Karabakh vs Nagorno-Karabakh, Sumgait vs Sumqayit) have also been used in this publication according to authors’ preferences. Terminology used in the contributors’ biographies reflects their choices, not those of Conciliation Resources or the European Union. For the map at the end of the publication, Conciliation Resources has used the place-names current in 1988; where appropriate, alternative names are given in brackets in the text at first usage. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of Conciliation Resources or the European Union. Altered street sign in Shusha (known as Shushi to Armenians). Source: bbcrussian.com Contents Executive summary and introduction to the Karabakh Contact Group 5 The Contact Group papers 1 Return and its alternatives: international law, norms and practices, and dilemmas of ethnocratic power, implementation, justice and development 7 Gerard Toal 2 Return and its alternatives: perspectives -
Micro- Tesauros
Una Herramienta MICRO- para la Documentación TESAUROS de Violaciones a los Derechos Humanos Lations s Traducido por Judith Dueck Aída María Noval Manuel Guzman Bert Verstappen 2001, 2006 Publicado y distribuido por Secretariado de HURIDOCS 48 chemin du Grand-Montfleury CH-1290 Versoix Suiza Tel. +41.22.755 5252, fax +41.22.755 5260 Correo electrónico: [email protected] Sitio web: http://www.huridocs.org Copyright 2001, 2006 por HURIDOCS. Reservados todos los derechos. Diseño de interiores y diagramación para esta edición: Taller de sueños • Gabriela Monticelli • [email protected] Créditos fotográficos: Páginas 1, 3 y 7: Archivo institucional del Centro de Derechos Humanos Fray Bartolomé de Las Casas; página 5: Archivo personal Aída María Noval; página 193 y 205: Archivo institucional de HURIDOCS. Se permite la copia limitada de esta obra: Con el fin de facilitar la documentación y la capacitación, las organizaciones de derechos humanos y los centros de documentación están autorizados a fotocopiar partes de este documento, a condición de que mencionen la fuente. Para versiones de este documento en inglés, árabe, francés y otros idiomas, sírvase contactar al editor. HURIDOCS Catalogación en fuente (CIP) TÍTULO: Micro-tesauros: una herramienta para la documentación de violaciones a los derechos humanos AUTOR PERSONAL: Dueck, Judith; Guzman, Manuel; Verstappen, Bert AUTOR CORPORATIVO: HURIDOCS LUGAR DE PUBLICACIÓN: Versoix [Suiza] EDITORIAL: HURIDOCS DISTRIBUIDOR: HURIDOCS DIRECCIÓN: 48 chemin du Grand-Montfleury, CH-1290 Versoix, Suiza CORREO ELECTRÓNICO: [email protected] FECHA DE PUBLICACIÓN: 20071200 PÁGINAS: 210 p. ISBN: 92-95015-16-9 IDIOMA: SPA BIBLIOGRAFÍA: S ÍNDICE: PROCESAMIENTO DE LA INFORMACIÓN TEXTO LIBRE: Colección de documentos desarrollados por HURIDOCS, o adaptados de diversas fuentes. -
General Assembly Security Council Seventy-Fourth Session Seventy-Fifth Year Agenda Item 31 Prevention of Armed Conflict
United Nations A/74/771–S/2020/242 General Assembly Distr.: General 27 March 2020 Security Council Original: English General Assembly Security Council Seventy-fourth session Seventy-fifth year Agenda item 31 Prevention of armed conflict Letter dated 27 March 2020 from the Permanent Representative of Armenia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General I have the honour to enclose herewith the memorandum of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh Republic) in response to the distortion of facts by Azerbaijan about the events that took place in Kho jalu in February 1992. I kindly request that the present letter and its annex be circulated as a document of the General Assembly, under agenda item 31, and of the Security Council. (Signed) Mher Margaryan Ambassador Permanent Representative 20-04690 (E) 010420 *2004690* A/74/771 S/2020/242 Annex to the letter dated 27 March 2020 from the Permanent Representative of Armenia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General Memorandum of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Artsakh In response to the repeated distortion of facts by Azerbaijan about the Khojalu events in February 1992, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Artsakh would like to communicate the following: The actions of the defense forces of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic (Republic of Artsakh) aimed at neutralizing the shelling and firing positions of the Azerbaijani armed forces located in Khojalu, as well as at liberating the Stepanakert airport, were in line with the norms and principles of international humanitarian law. -
Everything You Never Wanted to Know About Azerbaijan: Part Three
WITHOUT WRITER'S CONSENT tcg-31 INSTITUTE OF CURRENT WORLD AFFAIRS Peter Bird Mart in I CWA/Cr ane-Roger s Foundat i on 4 West Wheelock Street Hanover, N.H. 03755 Dear Peter, Here is the penultimate offering in my package about the political roller coaster in Azerbaijan in the Spring of 1992. It brings us through May and the presidential elections of June 7th. Once again, this epistle consists mainly of published and unpubi ished pr ess r epor t s, wit h some foot not es. Most o f t he dateline stories were filed (or at least designed to be filed) to the New York Times. All were ultimately conceived as a running history. The major exception to this is the quasi-introduction, which I drafted in mid-May as a separate ICWA offering. Then events ovet,-Jok me, and I have kind of grafted it on to the press reports (or vice versa). I don't think it is too incongruous, and certainly should set the stage for the 'stories.' As with Part Two--which was also a string of press reports with commentary--there will be a certain amount of repetition as a thene rolls over. I have ,:ut the most glaring repetitions, but not all--partially for sense and partially out of a sense of honesty: stories did not get written anew from top to bottom every day; cliches were recycled. Also, while I provided a number of pictures in Part Two (and as single portrait in Part One), Part Three is fairly packed with pi,itures due to the simple fact that I had a decent camera at my disposal. -
Language and Place Names in National and Regional Atlases. Methodological Considerations and Practical Use Exemplified by New Atlases from the Eastern Part of Europe
LANGUAGE AND PLACE NAMES IN NATIONAL AND REGIONAL ATLASES. METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND PRACTICAL USE EXEMPLIFIED BY NEW ATLASES FROM THE EASTERN PART OF EUROPE Peter Jordan Austrian Institute of East and Southeast European Studies, Vienna Abstract National and regional atlases are mainly conceived for national use, but as map works with a representative function they address, in contrast to school atlases, also an international audience. Taking this into account, many of them use for titles, legends and explanatory texts not only the national language, but also one or more world languages or are published in different language editions. The use of a second or third editorial language has, however, implications on the treatment of place names, especially on the use of exonyms. Another aspect deriving from the atlases’ representative function is the reflection of minority names. The paper investigates into relevant practices applied in recently published national and regional atlases from the eastern part of Europe and offers some methodological considerations as regards the use of more than one editorial language, the use of exonyms in this case as well the use of minority names. 1 INTRODUCTION National and regional atlases are mainly conceived for national use. But as map works with a representative function they address, in contrast to school atlases, also an international audience. Taking this into account, many of them use for titles, legends and explanatory texts not only the national language, but also one or more world languages or are published in different language editions. The use of a second or even more editorial languages has, however, implications on the treatment of place names. -
A Lose-Lose Perspective for the Future of Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenia-Azerbaijan Relations
GETTING TO KNOW NAGORNO-KARABAKH Rethinking-and-Changing: A Lose-Lose Perspective for the Future of Nagorno-Karabakh and Armenia-Azerbaijan Relations Francesco TRUPIA, PhD Postdoc Fellow at the University Centre of Excellence Interacting Minds, Societies and Environment (IMSErt) - Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń – Poland The ‘Second Karabakh War’ has arguably ended the oldest conflict of the post-Soviet region. Nevertheless, the aftermath of the latest military confrontation between the Artsakh Armenian forces and Azerbaijan has made very little room for peacebuilding. Six months after, Armenia and Azerbaijan’s civil societies continue to take antagonistic approaches to the post-2020 ‘Nagorno-Karabakh issue’, which remains far from being solved and properly settled down. At present, both conflictual positions show two connected yet different processes of negotiations and reconciliation1. While on the one hand the two Caucasian nations are struggling to maximise their opportunities that stemmed from the post-2020 status quo, on the other hand suspicious ideas and radical plots have been circulating and casting dark shadows on the future of the Nagorno-Karabakh region and the South Caucasus. The recent crisis over the Syunik and Gegharkunik borderlands between Armenia and Azerbaijan, is here instructive for assessing the highly volatile scenario. As the title states, this essay attempts to provide a different perspective over the Nagorno-Karabakh rivalry through the lens of the ‘rethinking-and-changing’ approach rather than the old-fashioned paradigm of ‘forgiving-and-forgetting’. It is not here question the transition from warfare to peace scenario for overcoming the new status quo and avoiding new escalations. Conversely, this essay raises the following question: whom the current peacebuilding process is designed for? Hence, the choice to knowingly overlook the historical as well as latest military events in Nagorno-Karabakh has the scope of focusing on a future-oriented perspective of reconciliation. -
THE CONSTITUTION of the REPUBLIC of ARTSAKH The
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARTSAKH The People of Artsakh – demonstrating a strong will to develop and defend the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh established on September 2, 1991 on the basis of the right to self-determination, and proclaimed independent through a referendum conducted on December 10, 1991; – affirming faithfulness to the principles of the Declaration of State Independence of the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh adopted on January 6, 1992; – highlighting the role of the Constitution adopted in 2006 in the formation and strengthening of independent statehood; – developing the historic traditions of national statehood; – inspired by the firm determination of the Motherland Armenia and Armenians worldwide in supporting the people of Artsakh; – staying faithful to the dream of their ancestors to freely live and create in their homeland, and keeping the memory of the perished in the struggle for freedom alive; – exercising their sovereign and inalienable right adopt the Constitution of the Republic of Artsakh. CHAPTER 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER Article 1. The Republic of Artsakh 1. The Republic of Artsakh is a sovereign, democratic, social State governed by the rule of law. 2. The names 'Republic of Artsakh' and 'Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh' are identical. Article 2. Sovereignity of the People 1. In the Republic of Artsakh the power belongs to the people. 2. The people shall exercise their power through free elections, referenda, as well as through state and local self-government bodies and officials provided for by the Constitution and laws. 3. Usurpation of power constitutes a crime. Article 3. The Human Being, His/Her Dignity, Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms 1. -
Bidders' Questions
STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES PO Box 45811, Olympia WA 98504-5811 DATE: October 22, 2020 TO: RFP #2034-765 – ALTSA-DDA - Translation Auto Systems FROM: James O'Brien, Solicitation Coordinator DSHS Central Contracts and Legal Services SUBJECT: Amendment No. 1 – Questions and Answers DSHS amends RFP #2034-765 solicitation document to include: - Bidders' Questions and Answers - Updated Attachment G - List of Language Names and Codes - Template for LTC Service Summary - Temple of a Client Specific Service Summary Document (redacted) - Samples of a Form in Large Print (LP) 1 Bidder’s Questions and Answers RFP #2034-765 Question #1: Can companies from Outside USA can apply for this solicitation? (like from India or Canada) A: The Contractor must be located within the United States. Question #2: Would the selected Company be required to come to DSHS offices for meetings? A: Meetings can be conducted remotely, especially in the current world pandemic situation. Question #3: Can we perform the tasks (related to RFP) outside USA? (like from India or Canada) A: The Contractor must be located in the United States. With respect to the translators'/reviewers’ locations, DSHS prefers to use linguists residing: a. within our state when possible, b. then within the country, c. and only in rare instances when no qualified linguists for the languages of lesser diffusion are available in a. and b. would the Contractor use the outside resources. Question #4: Can we submit the proposals via email? A: Yes. Electronic submittal of the proposals is acceptable. Please send to the Solicitation Coordinator, James O'Brien, at [email protected].