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Table of Contents
Table of Contents p. 9 Introduction 15 Chapter 1 The Italian community in 16th-century Poland 1.1. Merchants and Artists, 15 1.2. The Queen and the Court, 19 1.3. The Reformation in Poland, 22 1.4. Italian “Heretics”, 26 33 Chapter 2 Religious Refugees as cultural brokers. Images of Islam and Turks in Bonifacio D’Oria’s library 2.1. Reshaping the Space, 33 2.2. The Marquess and his Books, 36 2.3. Need for Trips, 44 2.4. Geography and the Glimmering of Comparativism, 49 2.5. Images of Turks, 52 2.6. The Venetian Space, 55 2.7. Islam and Anti-Trinitarianism, 60 2.8. At the Borders, 69 8 Table of Contents p. 71 Chapter 3 Philosophical paths in Gdańsk 3.1. The Transmission of Knowledge, 71 3.2. Italian Taste in Philosophical Adventures, 75 3.3. Aristotelian Texts in the Gdańsk Library, 78 3.4. The Stoic Virtues, 82 3.5. From Plato to Machiavelli, 85 3.6. An Uncharted Territory, 89 93 Bibliography Introduction Gdańsk (Danzig) has a particularly renowned place in Eu- ropean history. The Baltic city has concentric, multiple identities as well as a fundamental strategic meaning. Its geographical position makes its history an entangled one: the city swung back and forth Polish and German/Prussian control over the centuries. Napoleon called Gdańsk «the key to everything». The territories surrounding Gdańsk were at the core of the Polish and German disputes in 1920- 1939. The Nazi invasion of Poland, which initiated the Sec- ond World War, started with the Battle of Westerplatte, in Gdańsk. -
The Exchange of Body Parts in the Pequot War
meanes to "A knitt them togeather": The Exchange of Body Parts in the Pequot War Andrew Lipman was IN the early seventeenth century, when New England still very new, Indians and colonists exchanged many things: furs, beads, pots, cloth, scalps, hands, and heads. The first exchanges of body parts a came during the 1637 Pequot War, punitive campaign fought by English colonists and their native allies against the Pequot people. the war and other native Throughout Mohegans, Narragansetts, peoples one gave parts of slain Pequots to their English partners. At point deliv so eries of trophies were frequent that colonists stopped keeping track of to individual parts, referring instead the "still many Pequods' heads and Most accounts of the war hands" that "came almost daily." secondary as only mention trophies in passing, seeing them just another grisly were aspect of this notoriously violent conflict.1 But these incidents a in at the Andrew Lipman is graduate student the History Department were at a University of Pennsylvania. Earlier versions of this article presented graduate student conference at the McNeil Center for Early American Studies in October 2005 and the annual conference of the South Central Society for Eighteenth-Century comments Studies in February 2006. For their and encouragement, the author thanks James H. Merrell, David Murray, Daniel K. Richter, Peter Silver, Robert Blair St. sets George, and Michael Zuckerman, along with both of conference participants and two the anonymous readers for the William and Mary Quarterly. 1 to John Winthrop, The History ofNew England from 1630 1649, ed. James 1: Savage (1825; repr., New York, 1972), 237 ("still many Pequods' heads"); John Mason, A Brief History of the Pequot War: Especially Of the memorable Taking of their Fort atMistick in Connecticut In 1637 (Boston, 1736), 17 ("came almost daily"). -
The Rise and Fall of Hitler's Germany
In collaboration with The National WWII Museum Travel & featuring award-winning author Alexandra Richie, DPhil PHOTO: RUSSIAN SOLDIERS LOOKING AT A TORN DOWN GERMAN NAZI EAGLE WITH SWASTIKA EMBLEM WITH SWASTIKA GERMAN NAZI EAGLE DOWN A TORN AT RUSSIAN SOLDIERS LOOKING PHOTO: OF BERLIN—1945, BERLIN, GERMANY. AFTER THE FALL IN THE RUINS OF REICH CHANCELLERY LYING The Rise and Fall of Hitler’s Germany MAY 25 – JUNE 5, 2020 A journey that takes you from Berlin to Auschwitz to Warsaw, focused on the devastating legacy of the Holocaust, the bombing raids, and the last battles. Save $1,000 per couple when booked by December 6, 2019 Howdy, Ags! In the 1930’s, the journey to World War II began in the private meeting rooms in Berlin and raucous public stadiums across Germany where the Nazis concocted and then promoted their designs for a new world order, one founded on conquest for land and racial-purity ideals. As they launched the war in Europe by invading Poland on September 1, 1939, Hitler and his followers unleashed a hell that would return to its birthplace in Berlin fewer than six years later. The Traveling Aggies are honored to partner with The National WWII Museum on a unique and poignant travel program, The Rise and Fall of Hitler’s Germany. This emotional journey will be led by WWII scholar and author Dr. Alexandra Richie, an expert on the Eastern Front and the Holocaust. Guests will travel through Germany and Poland, exploring historical sites and reflecting on how it was possible for the Nazis to rise to power and consequently bring destruction and misery across Europe. -
Political Visions and Historical Scores
Founded in 1944, the Institute for Western Affairs is an interdis- Political visions ciplinary research centre carrying out research in history, political and historical scores science, sociology, and economics. The Institute’s projects are typi- cally related to German studies and international relations, focusing Political transformations on Polish-German and European issues and transatlantic relations. in the European Union by 2025 The Institute’s history and achievements make it one of the most German response to reform important Polish research institution well-known internationally. in the euro area Since the 1990s, the watchwords of research have been Poland– Ger- many – Europe and the main themes are: Crisis or a search for a new formula • political, social, economic and cultural changes in Germany; for the Humboldtian university • international role of the Federal Republic of Germany; The end of the Great War and Stanisław • past, present, and future of Polish-German relations; Hubert’s concept of postliminum • EU international relations (including transatlantic cooperation); American press reports on anti-Jewish • security policy; incidents in reborn Poland • borderlands: social, political and economic issues. The Institute’s research is both interdisciplinary and multidimension- Anthony J. Drexel Biddle on Poland’s al. Its multidimensionality can be seen in published papers and books situation in 1937-1939 on history, analyses of contemporary events, comparative studies, Memoirs Nasza Podróż (Our Journey) and the use of theoretical models to verify research results. by Ewelina Zaleska On the dispute over the status The Institute houses and participates in international research of the camp in occupied Konstantynów projects, symposia and conferences exploring key European questions and cooperates with many universities and academic research centres. -
Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past: a Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region
CBEES State of the Region Report 2020 Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region Published with support from the Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies (Östersjstiftelsen) Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region December 2020 Publisher Centre for Baltic and East European Studies, CBEES, Sdertrn University © CBEES, Sdertrn University and the authors Editor Ninna Mrner Editorial Board Joakim Ekman, Florence Frhlig, David Gaunt, Tora Lane, Per Anders Rudling, Irina Sandomirskaja Layout Lena Fredriksson, Serpentin Media Proofreading Bridget Schaefer, Semantix Print Elanders Sverige AB ISBN 978-91-85139-12-5 4 Contents 7 Preface. A New Annual CBEES Publication, Ulla Manns and Joakim Ekman 9 Introduction. Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past, David Gaunt and Tora Lane 15 Background. Eastern and Central Europe as a Region of Memory. Some Common Traits, Barbara Trnquist-Plewa ESSAYS 23 Victimhood and Building Identities on Past Suffering, Florence Frhlig 29 Image, Afterimage, Counter-Image: Communist Visuality without Communism, Irina Sandomirskaja 37 The Toxic Memory Politics in the Post-Soviet Caucasus, Thomas de Waal 45 The Flag Revolution. Understanding the Political Symbols of Belarus, Andrej Kotljarchuk 55 Institutes of Trauma Re-production in a Borderland: Poland, Ukraine, and Lithuania, Per Anders Rudling COUNTRY BY COUNTRY 69 Germany. The Multi-Level Governance of Memory as a Policy Field, Jenny Wstenberg 80 Lithuania. Fractured and Contested Memory Regimes, Violeta Davoliūtė 87 Belarus. The Politics of Memory in Belarus: Narratives and Institutions, Aliaksei Lastouski 94 Ukraine. Memory Nodes Loaded with Potential to Mobilize People, Yuliya Yurchuk 106 Czech Republic. -
Foundation Document Overview, Fort Necessity National Battlefield
NatioNal Park Service • U.S. DePartmeNt of the iNterior Foundation Document Overview Fort Necessity National Battlefield Pennsylvania Contact Information For more information about the Fort Necessity National Battlefield Foundation Document, contact: http://www.nps.gov/fone or (814) 893-6322 or write to: Superintendent, Western Pennsylvania Parks, Flight 93 National Memorial, P.O. Box 911, Shanksville, PA 15560 Purpose Significance Significance statements express why Fort Necessity National Battlefield resources and values are important enough to merit national park unit designation. Statements of significance describe why an area is important within a global, national, regional, and systemwide context. These statements are linked to the purpose of the park unit, and are supported by data, research, and consensus. Significance statements describe the distinctive nature of the park and inform management decisions, focusing efforts on preserving and protecting the most important resources and values of the park unit. • The fighting at Jumonville Glen and Fort Necessity sparked the French and Indian War, which reconfigured the global balance of power and set the stage for the American Revolution. • The skirmish at Jumonville Glen was 22-year-old George Washington’s first military engagement, and the battle at Fort Necessity was the only time in his military career that he surrendered. • During the Battle of Fort Necessity and throughout the FORT NECESSITY NATIONAL French and Indian War, a young George Washington learned BATTLEFIELD preserves the sites of valuable lessons that shaped him into the leader who guided the Continental Army to victory during the American the opening battles of the French and Revolution and prepared him to become the first president Indian War and commemorates George of the United States. -
Draft Program
PRELIMINARY CONFERENCE PROGRAMME version 1.8, updated: 2017-05-25 Faculty of Navigation Gdynia Maritime University and 2017TransNav 12 th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARINE NAVIGATION AND SAFETY OF SEA TRANSPORTATION TransNav 2017 1 Gdynia 2017 P R E L I M I N A R Y PROGRAM OF THE CONFERENCE version 1.8, updated: 2017-05-25 7 Photo & Creation: A. Łuczak `` Conference Office: TransNav 201TransNav Department of Navigation Faculty of Navigation Gdynia Maritime University Al. Jana Pawła II 3 81-345 Gdynia Poland phone: + 48 58 5586136, +48 58 6616955 fax: + 48 58 6616955 e-mail: [email protected] Conference web site: http://transnav2017.am.gdynia.pl Journal web site: http://www.transnav.eu 2 Chairman of the Conference Prof. Adam Weintrit, FRIN, FNI, Fellow of TransNav, Master Mariner, Chairman of the Poland Branch of the Nautical Institute; Head of the Department of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University, Poland Scientific Programme Committee (List of reviewers): Prof. Agnar Aamodt, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Prof. Ajith Abraham, Scientific Network for Innovation and Research Excellence, Auburn, Washington, The United States Prof. Teresa Abramowicz-Gerigk, Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland Prof. Michele Acciaro, Kühne Logistics University, Hamburg, Germany Prof. Sauli Ahvenjarvi, Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Rauma, Finland Prof. Paolo Alfredini, University of São Paulo, Polytechnic School, São Paulo, Brazil Prof. Daniel N. Aloi, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, The United States Prof. Anatoli Alop, Fellow of TransNav, Estonian Maritime Academy, Tallinn, Estonia Prof. Karin Andersson, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Prof. Yasuo Arai, Fellow of TransNav, Marine Technical College, Ashiya, Hyogo, Japan; President of the IAIN (International Association of Institutes of Navigation), Prof. -
(King Philip's War), 1675-1676 Dissertation Presented in Partial
Connecticut Unscathed: Victory in The Great Narragansett War (King Philip’s War), 1675-1676 Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Major Jason W. Warren, M.A. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2011 Dissertation Committee: John F. Guilmartin Jr., Advisor Alan Gallay, Kristen Gremillion Peter Mansoor, Geoffrey Parker Copyright by Jason W. Warren 2011 Abstract King Philip’s War (1675-1676) was one of the bloodiest per capita in American history. Although hostile native groups damaged much of New England, Connecticut emerged unscathed from the conflict. Connecticut’s role has been obscured by historians’ focus on the disasters in the other colonies as well as a misplaced emphasis on “King Philip,” a chief sachem of the Wampanoag groups. Although Philip formed the initial hostile coalition and served as an important leader, he was later overshadowed by other sachems of stronger native groups such as the Narragansetts. Viewing the conflict through the lens of a ‘Great Narragansett War’ brings Connecticut’s role more clearly into focus, and indeed enables a more accurate narrative for the conflict. Connecticut achieved success where other colonies failed by establishing a policy of moderation towards the native groups living within its borders. This relationship set the stage for successful military operations. Local native groups, whether allied or neutral did not assist hostile Indians, denying them the critical intelligence necessary to coordinate attacks on Connecticut towns. The English colonists convinced allied Mohegan, Pequot, and Western Niantic warriors to support their military operations, giving Connecticut forces a decisive advantage in the field. -
William Bradford Makes His First Substantial
Ed The Pequot Conspirator White William Bradford makes his first substantial ref- erence to the Pequots in his account of the 1628 Plymouth Plantation, in which he discusses the flourishing of the “wampumpeag” (wam- pum) trade: [S]trange it was to see the great alteration it made in a few years among the Indians themselves; for all the Indians of these parts and the Massachusetts had none or very little of it, but the sachems and some special persons that wore a little of it for ornament. Only it was made and kept among the Narragansetts and Pequots, which grew rich and potent by it, and these people were poor and beggarly and had no use of it. Neither did the English of this Plantation or any other in the land, till now that they had knowledge of it from the Dutch, so much as know what it was, much less that it was a com- modity of that worth and value.1 Reading these words, it might seem that Bradford’s understanding of Native Americans has broadened since his earlier accounts of “bar- barians . readier to fill their sides full of arrows than otherwise.”2 Could his 1620 view of them as undifferentiated, arrow-hurtling sav- ages have been superseded by one that allowed for the economically complex diversity of commodity-producing traders? If we take Brad- ford at his word, the answer is no. For “Indians”—the “poor and beg- garly” creatures Bradford has consistently described—remain present in this description but are now joined by a different type of being who have been granted proper names, are “rich and potent” compared to “Indians,” and are perhaps superior to the English in mastering the American Literature, Volume 81, Number 3, September 2009 DOI 10.1215/00029831-2009-022 © 2009 by Duke University Press Downloaded from http://read.dukeupress.edu/american-literature/article-pdf/81/3/439/392273/AL081-03-01WhiteFpp.pdf by guest on 28 September 2021 440 American Literature economic lay of the land. -
Belarus, Kaliningrad and Gdansk
BELARUS, KALININGRAD AND GDANSK 11 days 3 travel type 10 nights countries Cultural We invite curious travelers to a journey to one of the least travelled parts of Europe and bring home memories from multiple cultural adventures: Discover Minsk – the capital city with impressive monumental buildings of Stalinist architecture. See the magnificent Belarusian palaces of Nesvizh and Mir (both UNESCO Heritage sites); Learn about the most tragic chapters of World War II while visiting the Brest Hero Fortress in Belarus; Visit the “Wolf Lair” in Poland, Hitler’s former field headquarters where he spent over 800 days during World War II; Find your own piece of amber in the Yantarny Amber Mine in the Kaliningrad region, where 90% of the world’s amber comes from; Stay in colorful Gdansk, the oldest city in Poland with a fascinating history. DESCRIPTION Day 1, Minsk Highlights: Minsk city tour Spend this evening to explore Minsk on your own. The city was largely destroyed during the WW2 and later rebuild as an excellent example of Stalinist Neo Classicism with wide avenues, impressive monumental buildings, imposing squares and public gardens. Minsk is a very clean and safe city, a perfect place for curious tourists looking for cultural discoveries. We invite you for a dinner at a traditional Belarussian restaurant. Do you think you know how to cook potato? Wait before you try Belorussian cuisine! Its no surprise that it makes the perfect match with vodka. Overnight: Minsk Meals: D Day 2, Minsk Highlights: Minsk city tour, the “Island of Tears” memorial During the morning city tour you will learn about 900 years history of Minsk, see the most remarkable monuments of the historical center, as well as impressive Neoclassic architecture built to replace ruins left after WW2, i. -
The Battle of Saratoga to the Paris Peace Treaty
1 Matt Gillespie 12/17/03 A&HW 4036 Unit: Colonial America and the American Revolution. Lesson: The Battle of Saratoga to the Paris Peace Treaty. AIM: Why was the American victory at the Saratoga Campaign important for the American Revolution? Goals/Objectives: 1. Given factual data about the Battle of Saratoga and the Battle of Yorktown, students will be able to describe the particular events of the battles and how the Americans were able to win each battle. 2. Students will be able to recognize and explain why the battles were significant in the context of the entire war. (For example, the Battle of Saratoga indirectly leads to French assistance.) 3. Students will be able to read and interpret a key political document, The Paris peace Treaty of 1783. 4. Students will investigate key turning points in US history and explain why these events are significant. Students will be able to make arguments as to why these two battles were turning points in American history. (NYS 1.4) 5. Given the information, students will understand their historical roots and be able to reconstruct the past. Students will be able to realize how victory in these battles enabled the paris Peace Treaty to come about. (NCSS II) Main Ideas: • The campaign consists of three major conflicts. 1) The Battle of Freeman’s farm. 2) Battle of Bennington. 3) Battle of Bemis Heights. • Battle of Bennington took place on Aug. 16-17th, 1777. Burgoyne sent out Baum to take American stores at Bennington. General Stark won. • Freeman’s farm was on Sept. -
Inquiry – Benedict Arnold
Inquiry – Benedict Arnold Hook discussion question: What is betrayal? The discussion must touch on themes of loyalty and trust. Other themes may include ethics and morality. Hook visual: Presentation formula Previous Unit: The Revolutionary War will be in progress. Saratoga (1777) should have been covered. This Unit: Narrative story to present a skeletal overview of the events. Then introduce the documents, to add “muscle” to the events. Next Unit: The Revolutionary War topic will continue and be brought to conclusion. Post-Lesson Discussion prompts 1. How should we go about weighing the good someone does against the bad? At what point is one (good/bad) not balanced by the other? 2. After the war, for what reasons might the British trust or not trust Benedict Arnold? 3. In the years following the war, America tried to get England to hand over Benedict Arnold to American authorities. Should the British give him up? Why yes/no? 4. One thing missing from the discussion of betrayal and loyalty is the concept of regret. How might this relate to Arnold, Washington and others, and by what means might it be expressed? 5. How likely (or not) would it be today for one of America’s top Generals to engage in a similar traitorous act? 6. To what extent would it matter if it is a General betraying the country or a civilian acting in a traitorous manner…should these be viewed in a similar light? 7. To what extent can a person be trusted again once they have already broken your trust? 8.