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Zanzibar Costal and Marine Tourism Management Plan

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Zanzibar Costal and Marine Tourism Management Plan THE REVOLUTIONARY GOVERNMENT OF ZANZIBAR MINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES MARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PROJECT (MACEMP) ZANZIBAR COASTAL AND MARINE TOURISM MANAGEMENT PLAN FINAL REPORT NOVEMBER 2012 i TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES iii LIST OF FIGURES iv LIST OF PLATES v ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS vi AUTHORSHIP AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY viii CHAPTER ONE 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 General Background....................................................................................................1 1.2 Tourism development worldwide ................................................................................1 1.3 Tourism development in Africa ...................................................................................2 1.4 Tourism development in Zanzibar ...............................................................................3 1.5 Rationale for Coastal and Marine Tourism Management Plan......................................5 1.6 Terms of Reference of the assignment .........................................................................5 1.7 Overall mission, vision and goal of the Tourism Management Plan (TMP)..................6 1.7.1 Overall Vision 6 1.7.2 Mission 6 1.7.3 Goal........................................................................................................................6 1.8 Approach and methodology.........................................................................................6 1.8.1 Literature review.....................................................................................................6 1.8.2 Sectoral survey on tourism sector............................................................................7 1.8.3 Stakeholders Workshops.........................................................................................7 1.9 Legal and Institutional Frameworks.............................................................................7 1.9.1 The Central government ..........................................................................................7 1.9.2 Local governments ..................................................................................................9 1.10 Organisation of the document..................................................................................9 CHAPTER TWO 10 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 10 2.1 Introduction 10 2.2 Socio-economic and Physical features .......................................................................10 2.2.1 Agriculture ............................................................................................................10 2.2.2 Fishing ..................................................................................................................10 2.2.3 Salt extraction .......................................................................................................10 2.2.4 Climate .................................................................................................................11 2.2.5 Soils ......................................................................................................................11 2.2.6 Vegetation cover ...................................................................................................11 2.2.7 Hydrology .............................................................................................................11 2.3 Tourism stakeholders.................................................................................................12 2.4 Tourism Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges (SWOC) ..................13 CHAPTER THREE 16 TOURISM RESOURCES 16 3.1 Tourism resources and development..........................................................................16 3.2 Coastal tourism resource base....................................................................................17 3.2.1 Coastal tourism resources......................................................................................18 3.2.1.1 Mangroves and coastal thickets 18 3.2.1.2 Sandy beaches 18 3.2.1.3 Coastal vegetation 20 i 3.2.1.4 Cultural sites and sacred natural features 21 3.2.2 Marine resources...................................................................................................21 3.2.2.1 Coral Reefs and sea grasses 21 3.2.2.2 Marine mammals and turtles 22 3.3 Threats to coastal and marine resources.....................................................................23 3.4 Recommendations for better uses of resources...........................................................23 CHAPTER FOUR 24 COASTAL AND MARINE TOURISM MANAGEMENT SCHEMES 24 4.1 Introduction 24 4.2 Unguja ......................................................................................................................25 4.2.1 Tourism Development Zones in Unguja................................................................25 4.2.2 Tourism Areas in Unguja .....................................................................................27 4.3 Pemba .......................................................................................................................33 4.3.1 Tourism Development Zones in Pemba.................................................................33 4.3.2 Tourist Areas in Pemba.........................................................................................35 CHAPTER FIVE 38 MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS AND STRATEGIES 38 5.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................38 5.2 Visitor Use, Development and Revenue Program (VUDRP)......................................38 5.2.1 Program Purpose...................................................................................................38 5.2.2 Tourism Development and Revenue Principles .....................................................39 5.2.3 Program Objectives, Targets and Activities...........................................................40 5.3 Administration and Operations Program (AOP).........................................................42 5.3.1 Program Purpose...................................................................................................42 5.3.2 Tourism Administration and Operations Principles ...............................................42 5.3.3 Program objectives, targets and activities ..............................................................43 5.4 Local Tourism and Education Program (LTEP) .........................................................44 5.4.1 Program Purpose...................................................................................................44 5.4.2 Local People Relation Principles...........................................................................44 5.4.3 Program Objectives, Targets and Activities...........................................................45 5.5.1 Program Purpose...................................................................................................46 5.5.2 Resources Management Principles ........................................................................46 5.5.3 Program Objectives, Targets and Activities...........................................................47 CHAPTER SIX 49 OPERATIONAL PLAN 49 6.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................49 6.2 Three Years Operational Plan of the Management Programs .....................................49 CHAPTER SEVEN 66 MONITORING AND EVALUATION 66 7.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................66 7.2 Monitoring ................................................................................................................66 7.2.2 Monitoring Report Schedule .................................................................................67 7.3 Evaluation .................................................................................................................68 7.4 Plan Review 69 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 70 APPENDICES 75 ii LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1.1 Tourism Management Institutions in Zanzibar 8 Table 2.1 List of key tourism stakeholders and their respective roles 12 Table 2.2 Tourism SWOC analysis 13 Table 3.1 Tourism resources 17 Table 5.1 VUDRP objectives, targets and activities for ten (10) years 2012-2022 40 Table 5.2 AOP objectives, targets and activities for ten (10) years 2012-2022 43 Table 5.3 LTEP objectives, targets and activities for ten (10) years 2012-2022 45 Table 5.4 RMP objectives, targets and activities for ten (10) years 2012-2022 47 Table 6.1 Operational Plan 49 Table 7.1 Format for Summarizing Progress on the Plan Implementation 67 iii LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 4.1 Tourism Zones in Unguja 26 Figure 4.2 Tourism Areas in Unguja 32 Figure 4.3 Tourism Zones in Pemba 34 Figure 4.4 Tourism Areas in Pemba 37 iv LIST OF PLATES Page Plate 1 Fishermen at Malindi Port, Unguja. Fishing is one of the main lifeline 19 economic activities in Zanzibar Plate 2 The famous Misali Island in Pemba. The Island has beutiful sand beaches 20 and Marine resources v ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AOP Administration and Operations Program AOPB Annual Operation Plans and Budgets AOPB Annual Operation Plan Budget CBOs Community Based Organisations EIA Environmental Impact Assessment KMKM Kikosi Maalum cha Kuzuia Magendo LTEP Local Tourism and Education Program MICTS Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism and Sports MLF Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries
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