Shaw-House-Conservation-Area-Management-Plan-Mar-2020.Pdf
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Project Title: Shaw House and Church Conservation Area Management Plan Client: West Berkshire Council Version Date Version Details Prepared by Checked Approved by by 4 December Final Draft Report Graham Keevil John Kate Ahern 2018 Adams Inez Williams Michelle Statton Katie Luxmoore Alex Hardie-Brown 5 November Draft Final Graham Keevil John 2019 Adams Inez Williams Michelle Statton Katie Luxmoore Alex Hardie-Brown 6 November Second Draft Final Graham Keevil John 2019 Adams Inez Williams Michelle Statton Katie Luxmoore Alex Hardie-Brown 7 March Final Graham Keevil John Kate Ahern 2020 Adams Inez Williams Michelle Statton Katie Luxmoore Alex Hardie-Brown Final_Shaw House Conservation Area Management Plan Mar 2020.docx Last saved: 10/03/2020 10:57 Contents 1 Executive summary 1 2 Introduction 3 How to use the Conservation Area Management Plan 3 Main sources 3 Consultation process 4 Acknowledgements 4 3 Historic development 5 Phase I 1581 - 1618 — Thomas Dolman and his son Thomas Dolman II 7 Phase II 1618 - 1666 — Humphrey Dolman 7 Phase III c 1666 - 1697 — Thomas Dolman III 8 Phase IV 1697 - 1711 — Changes made by Sir Thomas Dolman IV 8 Phase V 1728 - 1744 — James Bridges, 1st Duke of Chandos 8 Phase VI 1751 – 1800 — Joseph Andrews 12 Phase VII 1800 - 1851 — Shaw House gardens in the first half of the 19th Century 15 Phase VIII 1851 – 1905 — The Eyre Family 16 Phase IX 1906 - 1939 — The Farquhar Family 18 Phase X 1939 - 1979 21 Phase XI 1980 – onwards 23 4 Shaw House and Church Conservation Area 24 Summary of information 24 The Conservation Area 24 Natural characteristics 27 Legislation and policy context 31 Current land use and management 34 Summary of key considerations 37 5 Archaeology 38 Method 38 Previous research 38 Known archaeological features and heritage assets 40 Aerial and historic photographs 43 LiDAR coverage 47 Summary of key considerations 50 6 Buildings and structure 52 7 Ecology 55 Biodiversity Action Plan 55 Nature conservation designations 55 Key habitats 57 Species 59 Summary of key considerations 60 8 Landscape 62 Understanding the physical surroundings 62 Views and visual relationships 63 Artistic/literary and cultural associations and representations 66 Summary of key considerations 67 9 Visitor experience and infrastructure 68 Approaches and access 68 Visitor arrival and facilities 73 Waymarking and interpretation 75 Summary of key considerations 76 10 Significance 78 Evidential 78 Historical 80 Aesthetic 81 Communal 81 Ecological 82 11 Issues and opportunities 84 Location of the Conservation Area Boundary 97 12 Future management 99 Overall strategy for Shaw House 99 13 Character areas 130 1: Shaw House and Garden 132 2: The Old Rectory, gardens and Church Road 135 3: Private ownership wet woodland 137 4: Park 139 5: Wet woodland and river (SSSI and SAC) 142 6: School buildings 145 7: School sports grounds 147 8: St Mary’s Church and Graveyard 149 14 Implementation and review 152 Implementation 152 Circulation 152 Monitoring and review 152 Appendix 1 154 Glossary 154 Appendix 2 156 References 156 Appendix 3 158 Analysis of historic trees 158 Appendix 4 186 Shaw House listing description 186 Appendix 5 191 Shaw House Conservation Area Management Plan Historic Environment Record 191 Assessment of significance 208 Ecology policy and legal considerations 212 Tables Table 4.1 Summary of information ................................................................................................ 24 Table 7.1 Statutory Designated Sites with 2km and Non-statutory Designated Sites within 1km of Shaw House Conservation Area ............................................................................................................. 56 Table 12.1 Welcoming place ....................................................................................................... 101 Table 12.2 Health, safe and secure ............................................................................................. 104 Table 12.3 Well maintained and clean ......................................................................................... 105 Table 12.4 Environmental management ....................................................................................... 107 Table 12.5 Biodiversity, landscape and heritage ........................................................................... 109 Table 12.6 Community involvement ............................................................................................ 122 Table 12.7 Marketing and communication .................................................................................... 126 Table A3.1 Results of 2003 Tree Survey, West Berkshire Council .................................................... 158 Table A5.2 Shaw House and Church Conservation Area Management Plan HER table ......................... 192 Figures Figure 3.1 Chronology of Shaw House ............................................................................................. 6 Figure 3.2 Section from map of Speen, 1729, surveyed by William Godson (West Berkshire Museum NEBYM:1991.83). ......................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3.3 Development of Shaw: 1729 Map of Speen showing the arrangement of the great gardens. 11 Figure 3.4 Plan for the house and gardens in 1750 by Joseph Andrews. (West Berkshire Museum : NEBYM:T217)................................................................................................................................ 12 Figure 3.5 20th Century trees along the remnants of Andrews 18th Century Lime tree lined avenue. ...... 13 Figure 3.6 Development of Shaw House: 1750 by Joseph Andrews showing the single canal and the great gardens. .................................................................................................................................... 14 Figure 3.7 Engraving by Laytons of Shaw House 18th Century.......................................................... 15 Figure 3.8 First Edition Ordnance Survey Berkshire XXXV 1883 ©NLS (2018). ................................... 16 Figure 3.9 Development of Shaw House: 1st Edition OS 1870’s ......................................................... 17 Figure 3.10 Shaw House Development: 2nd Edition OS Map .............................................................. 19 Figure 3.11 Second Edition Ordnance Survey Berkshire XXXV. 1900 ©NLS (2018). ............................. 20 Figure 3.12 Third Edition Ordnance Survey Berkshire XXXV. 1913 ©NLS (2018). ................................ 20 Figure 3.13 Shaw House Development: 3rd Edition OS Map .............................................................. 22 Figure 4.1 Location plan .............................................................................................................. 25 Figure 4.2 Site features ............................................................................................................... 26 Figure 4.3 Geology...................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 4.4 Topography of Shaw .................................................................................................... 29 Figure 4.5 Water bodies............................................................................................................... 30 Figure 4.6 Heritage and Natural Designations ................................................................................. 33 Figure 4.7 Gym class at Shaw House school ................................................................................... 34 Figure 4.8 Site Ownerships .......................................................................................................... 36 Figure 5.1 Archaeological features ................................................................................................ 42 Figure 5.2 Part of a photograph taken in July 1924 of Newbury looking north-east. ............................. 43 Figure 5.3 These are extracts from a pair of photograph taken in April 1948, again with the centre of Newbury as the main focus but with Shaw in the background . ......................................................... 44 Figure 5.4 This low-level oblique photograph from 1952 shows the former well house area still undeveloped, but with a new access off Church Road. ..................................................................... 45 Figure 5.5 Vertical aerial photographs taken on 2 December 1943. ................................................... 46 Figure 5.6 Vertical aerial photographs taken on 18 January 1947. ..................................................... 46 Figure 5.7 Vertical aerial photographs taken on 26 September 1958. ................................................ 46 Figure 5.8 Vertical aerial photographs taken on 13 June 1967. ......................................................... 46 Figure 5.9 Vertical aerial photograph taken on 26 May 1978. ........................................................... 46 Figure 5.10 LiDAR 1m Digital Terrain Model. .................................................................................. 49 Figure 6.1 Grade I listed Shaw House ............................................................................................ 54 Figure 6.2 Former stables and workshop........................................................................................ 54 Figure 6.3 St Mary’s Church ........................................................................................................